A new type of cutter dismounting device

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of tunnel boring machine (TBM) equipment and facilities, and proposes a novel cutterhead dismantling device, including a base, frame, bottom clamping mechanism, top clamping mechanism, anti-slip mechanism, anti-loosening mechanism, and lifting drive mechanism. The top clamping mechanism includes a clamping plate, a center hole, a pin hole, and a pin shaft. The pin shaft is used to engage with a countersunk hole on the locking nut of the cutterhead. The anti-slip mechanism includes a ratchet, an active pawl, a backstop pawl, an active cylinder, and a backstop cylinder. The anti-loosening mechanism is connected to the lifting drive mechanism. A sliding block is provided at the bottom of the base, and the sliding blocks are slidably mounted in pairs on a track plate. The feeding mechanism is driven by a geared motor, which drives the sliding blocks to perform linear reciprocating horizontal movement. This invention is reasonably designed, has an anti-slip mechanism, uses a motorized method to dismantle the locking nut on the cutterhead, and can reduce the intensity of workers and improve the efficiency of dismantling operations, making it suitable for large-scale promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel boring machine equipment and facilities, and in particular relates to a novel cutterhead dismantling device. Background Technology

[0002] A tunnel boring machine (TBM) cutterhead is a type of cutting tool mounted on the cutterhead of a TBM. It is primarily used for breaking rocks. During the TBM's excavation process, when encountering hard rock formations, the cutterhead rotates, causing it to roll and break the rock through crushing. It's like using a hard roller to continuously press against the rock surface, causing cracks and ultimately breaking the rock.

[0003] A cutting cutter typically consists of a cutter ring, cutter body, bearings, and sealing devices. Due to varying geological conditions in different regions, cutting cutters face numerous challenges: when working on hard rock, they may experience uneven wear, chordal wear, or uneven external forces, leading to bearing damage. During disassembly, many cutting cutters become clogged with mud and sand, or the bearings fail. Traditional disassembly methods often involve forcefully removing them with wrenches or sledgehammers, frequently taking an hour or even several hours. Alternatively, the locking nut at the end of the cutting cutter may be damaged before further disassembly and replacement. This significantly hinders tunnel construction efficiency, reduces overall machine efficiency, and increases project costs.

[0004] Existing patent CN221363619U discloses a labor-saving disassembly tool for tunnel boring machine (TBM) cutters, including a shaft head locking end, a TBM cutter nut locking end, and a cross-shaped bracket. In use, since the shaft head locking end is fixed to the TBM cutter shaft through the shaft head fixing hole, it remains in a fixed state and does not rotate with the tool. By inserting a hexagonal bolt into the hexagonal bolt hole and rotating it, the cross-shaped bracket rotates as a whole. The planetary gears rotate accordingly. Since the planetary teeth on the shaft head locking end are fixed, the planetary gears engage with the planetary teeth on the TBM cutter nut locking end, driving the TBM cutter nut locking end to rotate. The problems with this device in actual use include: First, the relative fixation relationship between the shield cutter nut locking end and the rolling cutter locking nut cannot be determined. When the planetary gear is driven, the shield cutter nut locking end is prone to slippage, affecting the probability of disassembling the locking nut. Second, for rolling cutters that have been in use for a period of time, the tightening degree and friction between the locking nut and the end structure of the rolling cutter are very high. Without the aid of a motor power source, disassembly is still very difficult. Furthermore, because the rolling cutter is very heavy and the number of rolling cutters used in general shield tunneling equipment is relatively large, it is necessary to develop disassembly and assembly equipment that can improve the disassembly efficiency and reduce the intensity of workers for centralized processing of rolling cutters in the workshop. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the disassembly of the aforementioned hobbing cutter by proposing a novel hobbing cutter disassembly device that is rationally designed, has an anti-slip mechanism, uses a motorized method to disassemble the locking nut on the hobbing cutter, and can reduce the intensity of workers and improve the efficiency of disassembly operations.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides a novel hob disassembly device, comprising a base and a frame. The base is provided with a bottom clamping mechanism for engaging with the bottom of the hob's cutter shaft. Above the bottom clamping mechanism is a top clamping mechanism for engaging with the top of the hob's cutter shaft. The top clamping mechanism comprises a clamping plate. The center of the clamping plate has a central hole for engaging with the cutter shaft. The side of the central hole has a plurality of pin holes arranged in a circular array around it. A pin is disposed in each pin hole, and the pin is used to engage with a countersunk hole in the hob's locking nut. The outer side of the clamping plate has a... The anti-slip mechanism is coaxially connected, comprising a ratchet and a pair of pawls that engage with the ratchet teeth on the ratchet. The top of the clamping plate is provided with an anti-loosening mechanism that engages with the ratchet. The top of the anti-loosening mechanism is provided with a lifting drive mechanism for driving its lifting action. The pawls include a driving pawl and a non-return pawl. The driving pawl has a driving cylinder at its power input end, and the non-return pawl has a non-return cylinder at its power input end. The bottom of the base is provided with a slide block, which is slidably mounted in pairs on a track plate. The track plate is provided with a feeding mechanism for driving the slide blocks to perform linear reciprocating translational movements. The feeding mechanism has a geared motor at its power input end.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom clamping mechanism includes a support base, the center of which is provided with a support shaft hole that mates with the bottom of the cutter shaft, and the side of the support base is provided with a radial positioning screw that communicates with the support shaft hole and is used to limit the position of the cutter shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the clamping plate has a rectangular structure and a pair of horizontal positioning protrusions on both sides. The ratchet has a key-shaped transmission hole, and the straight part of the transmission hole has a positioning groove that mates with the positioning protrusions.

[0009] Preferably, the anti-loosening mechanism includes a top ring, the bottom of which is provided with a pair of anti-loosening keys. Each anti-loosening key includes an arc surface that mates with the end of the transmission hole and a vertical surface that mates with the end of the clamping plate. A bolt is provided on the top of the anti-loosening key. The top ring is provided with an internal hexagon countersunk hole that mates with the bolt. A hanging plate is provided on the top of the top ring, and the top edge of the hanging plate protrudes outward from its side wall.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting drive mechanism includes two pairs of lifting beams, each end of which is provided with a lifting claw. Each lifting claw includes two claw hooks distributed in a V-shape. The claw ends of the claw hooks cooperate with the rotating plate. The inner wall of the lifting claw is provided with cylindrical rollers that inclinedly support the rotating plate. A lifting rod is provided at the top of the lifting beam, and a lifting drive cylinder is provided at the top of the lifting rod. The lifting drive cylinder is mounted on the frame.

[0011] Preferably, the anti-slip mechanism includes a mounting plate for mounting the active claw, the mounting plate being connected to the frame, a fixed hinge support being provided on the mounting plate, the fixed hinge support being hinged to the active cylinder, a movable hinge head being provided at the telescopic end of the active cylinder, the movable hinge head being hinged to the active claw, and a rotating shaft being provided on the mounting plate and axially connected to the active claw, the rotating shaft being positioned near the claw end of the active claw.

[0012] Preferably, the anti-slip mechanism includes a backstop spring connected to the frame, one end of which is connected to a spring connector provided on the backstop claw.

[0013] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a towing bar connecting two slides. Each slide has a traction bar on the side facing away from the towing bar. Each end of the traction bar is provided with a translation pulley. Each translation pulley has a steel rope on its transmission side. The transmission side of the steel rope is provided with a pair of end pulleys at the end of the track plate, a pair of steering pulleys on the side of the track plate, and a pair of unwinding pulleys near the frame. The axle end of the unwinding pulley is connected to a reduction motor.

[0014] Preferably, the end of the towing bar is provided with a balance bar coaxially connected to the translation pulley, and a pair of balance rollers are provided at both ends of the balance bar. The wheel sides of the balance rollers roll in cooperation with the sliding surfaces of the track plate and the slide block. A balance spring plate is provided near the hinge center of the balance bar with the towing bar.

[0015] Preferably, a displacement sensor is provided on the side of the slide.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention provides a novel roller cutter disassembly device, in which the disassembly roller cutter is clamped by the bottom clamping mechanism and the top clamping mechanism. The active pawl of the anti-slip mechanism drives the ratchet to rotate at a certain angle, and the anti-reverse pawl plays a role in preventing reverse rotation. The locking nut in the tightened state can be opened by hydraulic push. The anti-slip effect is good, the degree of manual intervention is reduced, and it is beneficial to improve the disassembly efficiency of the locking nut.

[0017] 2. The present invention provides a novel roller cutter dismantling device, in which a geared motor drives a seat feeding mechanism to perform a translational movement. Two sets of seat feeding mechanisms drive two slides to move along the track plate, and work together with the base and bottom clamping mechanism to complete the working mode of left in and right out, and left out and right in. This facilitates the transfer of roller cutters by the workshop crane, reduces the labor intensity of manual transfer of roller cutters, and helps to improve the efficiency of roller cutter dismantling operations.

[0018] 3. This invention is reasonably designed, has an anti-slip mechanism, uses a motorized method to remove the locking nut on the roller, and can reduce the intensity of workers and improve the efficiency of disassembly operations, making it suitable for large-scale promotion. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 An isometric view of a novel hobbing cutter disassembly device provided for an embodiment; Figure 2 A front view of a novel hobbing cutter disassembly device provided in an embodiment; Figure 3 A side view of a novel hobbing cutter disassembly device provided in an embodiment; Figure 4 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a novel hobbing cutter removal device in the GG direction; Figure 5 Exploded view of the base, bottom clamping mechanism, top clamping mechanism, anti-slip mechanism, and anti-loosening mechanism; Figure 6 An exploded view of the base, bottom clamping mechanism, top clamping mechanism, anti-slip mechanism, and anti-loosening mechanism in another direction; Figure 7 Working diagrams of the base, bottom clamping mechanism, top clamping mechanism, anti-slip mechanism, and anti-loosening mechanism; Figure 8 A top view of the base, bottom clamping mechanism, top clamping mechanism, anti-slip mechanism, and anti-loosening mechanism; Figure 9 An isometric view of the feeding mechanism provided in the embodiment; Figure 10 An isometric view of the hob provided for an embodiment; In the above figures: 1. Base; 2. Frame; 3. Bottom clamping mechanism; 31. Support base; 32. Support shaft hole; 33. Radial positioning screw; 4. Top clamping mechanism; 41. Clamping plate; 42. Center hole; 43. Pin hole; 44. Pin shaft; 45. Positioning protrusion; 5. Anti-slip mechanism; 51. Ratchet; 52. Driving pawl; 53. Anti-reverse pawl; 54. Driving cylinder; 55. Anti-reverse cylinder; 56. Transmission hole; 57. Positioning groove; 58. Mounting plate; 59. Fixed hinge support; 510. Movable hinge head; 511. Rotating shaft; 512. Anti-reverse spring; 513. Spring connector; 6. Anti-loosening mechanism; 61. Top ring; 62. Anti-loosening key; 63. 64. Bolt; 65. Socket head countersunk hole; 7. Swivel plate; 76. Lifting drive mechanism; 77. Lifting beam; 78. Claw hook; 79. Cylindrical roller; 70. Lifting rod; 71. Lifting drive cylinder; 8. Slide; 9. Track plate; 10. Seat delivery mechanism; 101. Trailing bar; 102. Traction bar; 103. Translation pulley; 104. Steel rope; 105. End pulley; 106. Steering pulley; 107. Unwinding wheel; 108. Balance bar; 109. Balance roller; 110. Balance spring plate; 11. Gear motor; 12. Hob; 121. Cutter shaft; 122. Locking nut; 123. Countersunk hole; 13. Displacement sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other. For ease of description, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" appearing below only indicate that they correspond to the upper, lower, left, and right directions in the accompanying drawings and do not limit the structure.

[0022] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.

[0023] Examples, such as Figures 1-10As shown, the present invention provides a novel hobbing cutter disassembly device, comprising a base 1 and a frame 2. The frame 2 includes four columns and a top plate. A bottom clamping mechanism 3 is provided on the base 1 for engaging with the bottom of the cutter shaft 121 of the hobbing cutter 12. Above the bottom clamping mechanism 3, a top clamping mechanism 4 is provided for engaging with the top of the cutter shaft 121 of the hobbing cutter 12. The top clamping mechanism 4 includes a clamping plate 41. A central hole 42 for engaging with the cutter shaft 121 is provided in the center of the clamping plate 41. A plurality of pin holes 43 arranged in a circular array around the central hole 42 are provided on the side of the central hole 42. Pins connected to the pin holes 43 are provided in the pin holes 43. Shaft 44 and pin 44 are used to cooperate with the countersunk hole 123 opened on the locking nut 122 of the hob 12. The outer side of the clamping plate 41 is provided with an anti-slip mechanism 5 coaxially connected to it. The anti-slip mechanism 5 includes a ratchet 51 and a pair of pawls that cooperate with the ratchet teeth on the ratchet 51. The top of the clamping plate 41 is provided with an anti-loosening mechanism 6 that cooperates with the ratchet 51. The top of the anti-loosening mechanism 6 is provided with a lifting drive mechanism 7 for driving it to perform lifting and lowering actions. The pawls include a driving pawl 52 and a backstop pawl 53. The power input end of the driving pawl 52 is provided with a driving cylinder 54, and the power input end of the backstop pawl 53 is provided with a backstop cylinder 55.

[0024] Specifically, the top and bottom ends of the cutter shaft 121 of the hob 12 are respectively engaged with the top clamping mechanism 4 and the bottom clamping mechanism 3. The bottom clamping mechanism 3 is used to restrict the rotational movement of the hob 12, while the top clamping mechanism 4 is used to establish a synchronous movement relationship with the locking nut 122 of the hob 12. For example, if the pair of pins 44 on the clamping plate 41 are inserted into the two countersunk holes 123 on the locking nut 122, the clamping plate 41 can rotate synchronously with the locking nut 122. Regarding the drive line of the top clamping mechanism 4: the clamping plate 41 is synchronously connected to the ratchet 51. The active cylinder 54 of the anti-slip mechanism 5 is a hydraulic cylinder, which drives the active pawl 52 to rotate the ratchet teeth of the ratchet 51 by hydraulic drive. The claw end of the anti-reverse pawl 53 slides along the back of the ratchet teeth and locks onto the anti-reverse surface / tooth root of the next ratchet tooth. During the resetting process of the active pawl 52, the anti-reverse pawl 53 plays a role in preventing reverse movement until the active pawl 52 moves to the end of the next ratchet tooth and continues to make stepping movements. The ratchet 51 makes unidirectional intermittent movements, thereby driving the locking nut 122 of the hob 12 to loosen little by little. The anti-slip mechanism 5 provided by the present invention is also the driving mechanism of the locking nut 122. The use of a hydraulic cylinder as a power source gives the mechanism a high bearing pressure, which can gradually open the locking nut 122 in the tightened state. The anti-slip effect is good, the degree of manual intervention is reduced, and the disassembly efficiency of the locking nut 122 is improved.

[0025] Furthermore, to improve the efficiency of centralized processing of the roller cutter 12 to be disassembled in the workshop, the present invention provides a slide block 8 at the bottom of the base 1, and the slide blocks 8 are slidably mounted in pairs on the track plate 9. Each slide block 8 is equipped with a base 1 and a bottom clamping mechanism 3. At the same time, a feeding mechanism 10 is provided on the track plate 9 to drive the slide block 8 to perform linear reciprocating translational movement. The power input end of the feeding mechanism 10 is provided with a geared motor 11. In this way, the geared motor 11 drives the feeding mechanism 10 to produce translational movement. The two feeding mechanisms 10 drive the two slide blocks 8 to move along the track plate 9, and work together with the base 1 and the bottom clamping mechanism 3 to complete the working mode of left in and right out, and left out and right in. This facilitates the transfer of the roller cutter 12 by the workshop crane. The locking nuts 122 on the roller cutter 12 are loosened in an orderly manner, reducing the labor intensity of manually transferring the roller cutter 12 and improving the efficiency of the disassembly operation of the roller cutter 12.

[0026] To improve the stability of the hob 12 during disassembly in this equipment, the bottom clamping mechanism 3 provided by this invention includes a support base 31. The center of the support base 31 has a support shaft hole 32 that mates with the bottom of the cutter shaft 121. The side of the support base 31 has radial positioning screws 33 that communicate with the support shaft hole 32 and are used to limit the position of the cutter shaft 121. The contour of the support shaft hole 32 matches the actual shaft end of the hob 12 to be disassembled. Different support shaft holes 32 are used depending on the shaft end form of the hob 12. The support base 31 and the base 1 use a relatively uniform mating surface, facilitating the replacement of the bottom clamping mechanism 3 with one suitable for the disassembly operation. In addition to the support shaft hole 32 itself preventing rotation of the cutter shaft 121, the radial positioning screws 33 abut against the wedge surface of the cutter shaft 121, further improving the positioning effect of the bottom clamping mechanism 3 on the cutter shaft 121, preventing accidental loosening of the hob 12 cutter shaft 121 during disassembly, thus ensuring the safety of workers at the workstation.

[0027] To improve the synchronization performance of the anti-slip mechanism 5 and the top clamping mechanism 4, the clamping plate 41 provided by this invention has a rectangular structure and a pair of horizontal positioning protrusions 45 on both sides. The ratchet 51 is provided with a key-shaped transmission hole 56, and the straight part of the transmission hole 56 is provided with a positioning groove 57 that cooperates with the positioning protrusions 45. The center hole 42 of the clamping plate 41 is nested with the cutter shaft 121, and the pin 44 at its bottom is directly inserted into the locking nut 122. The positioning groove 57 and the positioning protrusions 45 form a transmission pair, which enables the clamping plate 41 and the ratchet 51 to achieve a synchronous transmission relationship. When the ratchet 51 rotates, the clamping plate 41 drives the locking nut 122; when the ratchet 51 is stationary, the clamping plate 41 is also stationary.

[0028] Furthermore, the anti-loosening mechanism 6 provided by the present invention includes a top ring 61, a pair of anti-loosening keys 62 are provided at the bottom of the top ring 61, the anti-loosening key 62 includes an arc surface that mates with the end of the transmission hole 56 and a vertical surface that mates with the end of the clamping plate 41, a bolt 63 is provided at the top of the anti-loosening key 62, an internal hexagon countersunk hole 64 that mates with the bolt 63 is provided on the top ring 61, and a swivel plate 65 is provided at the top of the top ring 61, the top edge of the swivel plate 65 protruding outward from its sidewall. The swivel plate 65 is used to connect the lifting drive mechanism 7, and when the lifting drive mechanism 7 is at its longest extension distance, the rotation of the swivel plate 65 does not affect the vertical connection between the lifting drive mechanism 7 and the lifting drive mechanism 7. The anti-loosening key 62 is wedged between the ratchet 51 and the clamping plate 41. The side of the anti-loosening key 62 can be welded to the clamping plate 41 or fixed with screws. The anti-loosening key 62 uses bolts 63 to make the top ring 61 press stably against the top surface of the clamping plate 41. On the one hand, the top ring 61 seals the assembly surface of the anti-loosening key 62 and the clamping plate 41 to prevent dust from entering the transmission line of the equipment in a large area. On the other hand, it compensates for the transmission gap between the clamping plate 41 and the ratchet 51, thus playing an anti-loosening role. Furthermore, through the transmission connection relationship between the anti-loosening mechanism 6, the top clamping mechanism 4 and the ratchet 51, a synchronous lifting relationship can be established between the three. The lifting drive mechanism 7 controls the synchronous lifting of the three, thereby facilitating the automatic switching of the loosened cutter 12 and the cutter 12 to be disassembled.

[0029] To improve the coordination between the lifting drive mechanism 7 and the anti-loosening mechanism 6, and considering that the anti-loosening mechanism 6 needs to perform intermittent rotational movements with the anti-slip mechanism 5, the lifting drive mechanism 7 of this invention includes two pairs of lifting beams 71. Each end of the lifting beam 71 is equipped with a lifting claw, which includes two V-shaped claw hooks 72. The claw ends of the claw hooks 72 engage with the rotating plate 65. The inner wall of the claws is provided with inclined cylindrical rollers 73 that support the rotating plate 65. A lifting rod 74 is provided at the top of the lifting beam 71, and a lifting drive cylinder 75 is provided at the top of the lifting rod 74. The lifting drive cylinder 75 is mounted on the frame 2. In this way, during the lifting process of the lifting drive cylinder 75 driving the lifting rod 74 and the lifting beam 71, the anti-loosening mechanism 6 has four nodes for lifting support, i.e., four-claw gripping, thereby driving the anti-loosening mechanism 6, the top clamping mechanism 4, and the ratchet 51 to complete the lifting. Furthermore, when the hob 12 is in a transmission engagement with the top clamping mechanism 4 and the ratchet 51, the cylindrical rollers 73 on the inner side of the four claw hooks 72 can effectively support the edge of the swivel plate 65. The swivel plate 65 maintains rolling support with the cylindrical rollers 73 during the intermittent synchronous rotation with the anti-slip mechanism 5, thereby ensuring the effective disassembly of the locking nut 122. Moreover, without replacing the anti-loosening mechanism 6, the lifting drive mechanism 7 can always maintain an effective connection with it.

[0030] To improve the intermittent driving performance of the anti-slip mechanism 5, the anti-slip mechanism 5 provided by the present invention includes a mounting plate 58 for mounting the active claw 52. The mounting plate 58 is connected to the frame 2. A fixed hinge support 59 is provided on the mounting plate 58, which is hinged to the active cylinder 54. The telescopic end of the active cylinder 54 is provided with a movable hinge head 510, which is hinged to the active claw 52. A rotating shaft 511 is provided on the mounting plate 58 and is axially connected to the active claw 52. The rotating shaft 511 is located near the claw end of the active claw 52. The mounting plate 58 provides a mounting surface and a corresponding working height for the active part of the anti-slip mechanism 5. When the active cylinder 54 drives the movable hinge head 510 to extend or retract, the active claw 52 can rotate around the rotating shaft 511, and the mounting end of the active cylinder 54 will also rotate adaptively around the fixed hinge support 59, thereby effectively driving the dial to produce an intermittent rotation action.

[0031] To improve the working performance of the anti-slip pawl 53, the anti-slip mechanism provided by the present invention includes an anti-slip spring 512 connected to the frame 2, one end of which is connected to a spring connector 513 disposed on the anti-slip pawl 53. The anti-slip pawl 53 is provided with anti-slip pressure by the anti-slip cylinder 55 and with a certain tension force by the anti-slip spring 512, thereby improving the cooperation performance between the ratchet 51 and the anti-slip pawl 53.

[0032] To improve the synchronous driving efficiency of the two slide blocks 8 in this invention, the seat delivery mechanism 10 provided by this invention includes a towing bar 101 connecting the two slide blocks 8. A traction bar 102 is provided on the side of the slide block 8 facing away from the towing bar 101. Each end of the traction bar 102 is provided with a translation pulley 103. A steel rope 104 is provided on the transmission side of each translation pulley 103. A pair of end pulleys 105 provided at the end of the track plate 9, a pair of steering pulleys 106 provided on the side of the track plate 9, and a pair of unwinding pulleys 107 provided near the frame 2 are provided on the transmission side of the steel rope 104. The axle end of the unwinding pulley 107 is connected to the reduction motor 11. Specifically, the two slides 8 are connected by a towing bar 101, and each slide 8 is equipped with a transmission system, which includes a traction bar 102, a translation pulley 103, a steel rope 104, an end pulley 105, a steering pulley 106, and a unwinding pulley 107. Each transmission system can be powered by one or two geared motors 11. The geared motors 11 control the actual working length of the steel rope 104 in the two transmission systems, thereby adjusting the position of the translation pulley 103 and controlling the actual position of the two slides 8 on the track plate 9. When the steel rope 104 on the left is shorter, the slide 8 on the left is in the state of leaving the disassembly position, while the slide 8 on the right enters the disassembly position, and the steel rope 104 on the right maintains a longer working length.

[0033] To compensate for displacement deviations between the slide block 8 and the track plate 9 caused by processing and assembly errors, the present invention provides a balance bar 108 coaxially connected to the translation pulley 103 at the end of the towing bar 101. A pair of balance rollers 109 are provided at both ends of the balance bar 108. The sides of the balance rollers 109 roll in contact with the sliding surfaces of the track plate 9 and the slide block 8. A balance spring plate 110 is provided near the hinge center of the balance bar 108 and the traction bar 102. The hinge side of the balance bar 108 and the traction bar 102 has a certain amount of space allowance for the folding and resetting of the balance spring plate 110. The balance rollers 109 can roll along the inner side of the track plate 9, providing rolling support for the balance bar 108. The balance spring plate 110 serves as an elastic support for the bottom deflection angle of the balance bar 108. When the balance spring plate 110 is pressed against the hinge surface on its braking side, the restoring force of the balance spring plate 110 causes it to tend to reset, thereby achieving a certain dynamic balance performance.

[0034] In order to improve the accuracy of the movement of the hob 12 with the slide 8, especially to ensure the accuracy of the hob 12 entering the disassembly station, the present invention provides a displacement sensor 13 on the side of the slide 8. The displacement sensor 13 is used to detect the actual position of the slide 8, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the slide 8.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments for application in other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel type of cutter dismounting apparatus comprising a base and a frame, said base being provided with a bottom clamping mechanism for cooperating with the bottom part of the cutter shaft, said bottom clamping mechanism being provided above with a top clamping mechanism for cooperating with the top part of the cutter shaft, characterized in that, The top clamping mechanism includes a clamping plate with a central hole at its center that mates with the cutter shaft. Multiple pin holes arranged in a circular array around the central hole are located on its side. Pins are installed in these pin holes and mate with countersunk holes on the locking nut of the hob. An anti-slip mechanism, coaxially connected to the outer side of the clamping plate, is provided. This anti-slip mechanism includes a ratchet and a pair of pawls that engage with the ratchet teeth. An anti-loosening mechanism, cooperating with the ratchet, is located at the top of the clamping plate. A lifting drive mechanism, used to drive the ratchet's lifting motion, is located at the top of the anti-loosening mechanism. The pawls include a driving pawl and a non-return pawl. A driving cylinder is located at the power input end of the driving pawl, and a non-return cylinder is located at the power input end of the non-return pawl. A slide is located at the bottom of the base. The slides are slidably mounted in pairs on a track plate. A feeding mechanism, used to drive the slides in linear reciprocating translational motion, is located on the track plate. A geared motor is located at the power input end of the feeding mechanism. The bottom clamping mechanism includes a support base, the center of which is provided with a support shaft hole that mates with the bottom of the cutter shaft, and the side of the support base is provided with a radial positioning screw that communicates with the support shaft hole and is used to limit the position of the cutter shaft. The clamping plate has a rectangular structure and a pair of horizontal positioning protrusions on both sides. The ratchet has a key-shaped transmission hole, and the straight part of the transmission hole has a positioning groove that mates with the positioning protrusions. The anti-loosening mechanism includes a top ring, and a pair of anti-loosening keys are provided at the bottom of the top ring. The anti-loosening key includes an arc surface that mates with the end of the transmission hole and a vertical surface that mates with the end of the clamping plate. A bolt is provided at the top of the anti-loosening key. The top ring is provided with an internal hexagon countersunk hole that mates with the bolt. A hanging plate is provided at the top of the top ring, and the top edge of the hanging plate protrudes outward from its side wall. The anti-slip mechanism includes a mounting plate for mounting the active claw. The mounting plate is connected to the frame. A fixed hinge support is provided on the mounting plate. The fixed hinge support is hinged to the active cylinder. The telescopic end of the active cylinder is provided with a movable hinge head. The movable hinge head is hinged to the active claw. A rotating shaft is provided on the mounting plate and is axially connected to the active claw. The rotating shaft is located near the claw end of the active claw. The seat delivery mechanism includes a towing bar connecting two slides. Each slide has a traction bar on the side facing away from the towing bar. Each end of the traction bar is equipped with a translation pulley. Each translation pulley has a steel rope on its transmission side. Each steel rope has a pair of end pulleys at the end of the track plate, a pair of steering pulleys on the side of the track plate, and a pair of unwinding pulleys near the frame. The axle end of the unwinding pulley is connected to a reduction motor. The end of the towing bar is provided with a balance bar coaxially connected to the translation pulley. A pair of balance rollers are provided at both ends of the balance bar. The wheel sides of the balance rollers roll in cooperation with the sliding surfaces of the track plate and the slide block. A balance spring plate is provided near the hinge center of the balance bar with the towing bar.

2. A new type of gear hob dismounting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting drive mechanism includes two pairs of lifting beams, each end of which is provided with a lifting claw. Each lifting claw includes two claw hooks distributed in a V-shape. The claw ends of the claw hooks cooperate with the rotating plate. The inner wall of the lifting claw is provided with cylindrical rollers that inclinedly support the rotating plate. A lifting rod is provided at the top of the lifting beam, and a lifting drive cylinder is provided at the top of the lifting rod. The lifting drive cylinder is mounted on the frame.

3. The novel hobbing cutter disassembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-slip mechanism includes a backstop spring connected to the frame, one end of which is connected to a spring connector on the backstop claw.

4. The novel hobbing cutter disassembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A displacement sensor is provided on the side of the slide.

Images