Rotary exchange workbench spindle tailstock support structure

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of cutting workbench, in particular to a rotating exchange workbench spindle tailstock support structure, comprising a plate type spindle; a spindle drive assembly is arranged at the front end of the plate type spindle, used for driving the plate type spindle to rotate and move axially, further comprising a tailstock support structure arranged at the tail end of the plate type spindle and coaxially arranged with the spindle drive assembly; the tailstock support structure comprises: a support assembly used for supporting the tail end of the plate type spindle. When the working positions of two groups of workbenches are switched, the plate type spindle is driven axially to move the movable tooth disc, so that the fixed tooth disc and the movable tooth disc are separated; in each meshing and separating cycle, the fixed tooth disc is driven by the phase adjusting assembly to rotate by a tooth pitch angle; by periodically changing the meshing phase of the fixed tooth disc and the movable tooth disc, all the teeth on the circumference of the tooth disc will participate in bearing, so that the wear originally concentrated on a few teeth is evenly distributed on the entire tooth disc, and wear homogenization is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cutting table technology, specifically to a spindle tailstock support structure for a rotary exchange table. Background Technology

[0002] A dual-station horizontal machining center with interchangeable worktables allows for horizontal machining by exchanging worktables. While machining a workpiece on one worktable, it can be installed or removed on the other, reducing auxiliary machining time. Currently, in the industry, to improve the rigidity of structural components, single-plate milling is commonly used. This results in large cutting volumes, easy chip accumulation, and heat concentration around the workpiece on the worktable, causing workpiece deformation due to heat and chip scratches on the workpiece surface. Simultaneously, built-up edge is easily formed on the cutting tools, affecting the final machining quality and shortening tool life.

[0003] In response, invention patent CN120816337A discloses a dual-station four-axis rotary exchange worktable, including a fixed sleeve and a tailstock. A main spindle is rotatably mounted between the fixed sleeve and the tailstock. The worktable also includes: a rotating head, fixedly mounted at one end of the main spindle and rotatably connected within the fixed sleeve; an end plate, axially movable at the end of the fixed sleeve away from the tailstock and rotatably connected to the rotating head, on which an external motor for driving the rotating head is mounted; and a turntable, coaxially fixedly mounted on the main spindle, with two symmetrically arranged rotating seats on its circumference. A support is fixedly mounted at the other end of the main spindle, and a worktable is rotatably mounted between the rotating seats and the support. A drive assembly for driving the worktable to rotate is mounted on the rotating seats. The worktable includes a tailstock and a tail sleeve for supporting the main spindle, and a ratchet plate for locking the tail end of the main spindle is provided between the tailstock and the tail sleeve. By controlling the engagement and disengagement of the ratchet plate, the state of the main spindle can be adjusted.

[0004] In the prior art of the aforementioned patent, the spindle rotates 180 degrees for each exchange. Although the ratchet sprocket has multi-tooth meshing, and ideally multi-tooth meshing should be evenly loaded, due to unavoidable manufacturing and assembly errors and the elastic deformation of the system, the actual stress state is non-uniform contact. This causes a few teeth or local areas of the tooth surface to contact first. Since the meshing phase is fixed, this non-uniform contact state is repeatable, meaning that each time it meshes, a specific few tooth surfaces always bear the load. In long-term meshing and disengagement cycles, the wear of these specific contact areas accumulates to a certain extent, causing microscopic gaps to form on the ratchet sprocket when it closes, resulting in an irreversible decline in the repeatability of the system's positioning accuracy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a rotating exchange table spindle tailstock support structure to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a spindle tailstock support structure for a rotary exchange worktable to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a spindle tailstock support structure for a rotary exchange worktable, comprising a plate spindle; a spindle drive assembly disposed at the front end of the plate spindle for driving the plate spindle to rotate and move axially; and a tailstock support structure disposed at the tail end of the plate spindle and coaxially disposed with the spindle drive assembly.

[0007] The tailstock support structure includes: a support assembly for supporting the tail end of the plate spindle; a locking assembly disposed inside the support assembly for locking the plate spindle by a drive, the locking assembly including a fixed toothed plate and a movable toothed plate that can engage or disengage; and a phase adjustment assembly that is connected to the fixed toothed plate in a transmission manner.

[0008] The movable toothed sprocket moves axially under the drive of the plate spindle; when the fixed toothed sprocket is separated from the movable toothed sprocket, the fixed toothed sprocket is driven to rotate by the phase adjustment component, periodically changing the meshing phase of the fixed toothed sprocket and the movable toothed sprocket; when the fixed toothed sprocket and the movable toothed sprocket are meshed, the fixed toothed sprocket and the plate spindle are rigidly connected.

[0009] Preferably, the front end of the plate spindle is provided with an exchange turntable, and the exchange turntable is coaxially arranged with the spindle drive assembly. The exchange turntable is provided with two sets of four-axis drive assemblies mirror-distributed on both sides of the plate spindle.

[0010] Preferably, the tail end of the plate spindle is coaxially provided with a four-axis support, and a worktable is provided between the four-axis drive assembly and the four-axis support, the worktable being driven to rotate by the four-axis drive assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the support assembly includes a fixed toothed plate seat, on which a shaft tail seat is rotatably mounted. The shaft tail seat is rigidly connected to both the plate spindle and the movable toothed plate. The movable toothed plate is driven by the plate spindle to rotate or move axially.

[0012] Preferably, a locking disc is fixedly installed on the fixed tooth plate seat, and the locking disc has evenly distributed locking holes. The fixed tooth plate is provided with a locking pin that cooperates with the locking holes. After the fixed tooth plate meshes with the movable tooth plate, the fixed tooth plate is rigidly connected to the fixed tooth plate seat through the locking pin.

[0013] Preferably, the phase adjustment assembly includes an ejector air assembly disposed on the fixed tooth plate seat for applying elastic force to the fixed tooth plate; a phase drive groove formed on the periphery of the fixed tooth plate seat; and a drive pin disposed on the periphery of the fixed tooth plate and inserted into the phase drive groove.

[0014] Preferably, the phase driving slot is composed of a number of periodically arranged slot units, and the slot unit includes a vertical section and an inclined section connected to the vertical section.

[0015] Preferably, a limiting pawl is hinged at the upper edge of the connection position between the vertical segment and the inclined segment, and the transmission pin can be moved from the lower edge of the vertical segment of one set of slot units through the inclined segment to the upper edge of the vertical segment of another set of slot units due to the limitation of the limiting pawl.

[0016] Preferably, a mounting groove is provided between the fixed tooth plate seat and the locking plate to cooperate with the ejector air assembly, and the ejector air assembly can move between the mounting grooves driven by the fixed tooth plate.

[0017] Preferably, the ejector compression assembly includes an ejector guide rod and a compression cylinder liner. After the fixed and movable toothed discs mesh, the ejector guide rod can squeeze the gas out of the compression cylinder liner.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: When switching the working positions of the two sets of worktables, the plate spindle is driven axially to move the moving toothed plate, so that the fixed toothed plate and the moving toothed plate are separated. During each meshing and separation cycle, the fixed toothed plate is driven by the phase adjustment component to rotate by one tooth pitch angle. By periodically changing the meshing phase of the fixed toothed plate and the moving toothed plate, all teeth on the circumference of the toothed plate will participate in bearing the force, and the wear that was originally concentrated on a few teeth will be evenly distributed to the entire toothed plate, thereby achieving wear homogenization and avoiding meshing clearance caused by local wear. The equipment can maintain the initial high repeatability positioning accuracy over a longer service life, limit and extend the service life of the toothed plate and even the entire exchange mechanism, and ensure the stability of processing quality.

[0019] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and illustrative only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0020] This application provides an overview of various implementations or examples of the technology described in this disclosure, and is not a full disclosure of the entire scope or all features of the disclosed technology. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembled structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention in frontal cross-section;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tail support structure of the present invention, viewed from the front cross section.

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 An enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0026] Figure 5 This invention is presented as a schematic diagram illustrating the structure after the fixed and movable toothed discs mesh.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram highlighting the external structure of the fixed tooth plate seat in this invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This invention highlights the structural schematic diagram of the phase drive slot;

[0029] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 An enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram highlighting the structure of the end of the fixed tooth plate away from the movable tooth plate in this invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This invention is presented to highlight the structural schematic diagram of the top-outlet compressor unit;

[0032] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 An enlarged structural diagram at point C.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Exchange turntable; 2. Positioning kit; 3. Spindle drive assembly; 4. Plate spindle; 5. Tailstock support structure; 51. Connecting flange; 52. Tailstock spindle; 53. Bearing sleeve; 54. Fixed sprocket seat; 55. Tailstock body; 56. Moving sprocket seat; 57. Fixed sprocket; 58. Moving sprocket; 59. Ejection air compressor assembly; 591. Ejection guide rod; 592. Ejection spring; 593. Air compressor liner; 510. Locking disc; 511. Locking socket; 512. Phase drive slot; 513. Limit stop pawl; 514. Locking pin; 515. One-way intake valve; 516. Sealing ring; 517. Tailstock mounting plate; 518. Drive pin; 519. Inductive switch sleeve; 6. Four-axis drive assembly; 7. Worktable; 8. Four-axis support. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0036] Please see Figure 1-11 The present invention provides a technical solution: a spindle tailstock support structure for a rotary exchange worktable, including a plate spindle 4; a spindle drive assembly 3, which is disposed at the front end of the plate spindle 4 for driving the plate spindle 4 to rotate and move axially; and a tailstock support structure 5, which is disposed at the tail end of the plate spindle 4 and coaxially disposed with the spindle drive assembly 3.

[0037] The tailstock support structure 5 includes: a support assembly for supporting the tail end of the plate spindle 4; a locking assembly disposed inside the support assembly for locking the plate spindle 4 by a drive, the locking assembly including a fixed toothed plate 57 and a movable toothed plate 58 that can engage or disengage; and a phase adjustment assembly that is connected to the fixed toothed plate 57 in a transmission manner.

[0038] The movable toothed sprocket 58 moves axially under the drive of the plate spindle 4; when the fixed toothed sprocket 57 is separated from the movable toothed sprocket 58, the fixed toothed sprocket 57 is driven to rotate by the phase adjustment component, periodically changing the meshing phase of the fixed toothed sprocket 57 and the movable toothed sprocket 58; when the fixed toothed sprocket 57 and the movable toothed sprocket 58 are meshing, the fixed toothed sprocket 57 and the plate spindle 4 are rigidly connected.

[0039] Specifically, when switching the working positions of the two sets of worktables 7, the plate spindle 4 is driven to move the movable sprocket 58 axially away from the fixed sprocket 57, causing the fixed sprocket 57 to separate from the movable sprocket 58, releasing the locking of the plate spindle 4's position. At this time, the plate spindle 4 can be driven to rotate 180 degrees to switch the working positions of the two sets of worktables 7; after the movable sprocket 58 separates from the fixed sprocket 57 and the restriction on the position of the fixed sprocket 57 is released, the fixed sprocket 57 is driven by the phase adjustment component to move axially on the fixed sprocket seat 54, and during the axial movement, it is restricted by the phase adjustment component to rotate by a tooth pitch angle, which is the tooth pitch angle of the fixed sprocket 57 and the movable sprocket 58; plate After the spindle 4 switches between the two sets of worktables 7, the plate spindle 4 is driven to move the movable toothed sprocket 58 closer to the fixed toothed sprocket 57. The movable toothed sprocket 58 re-meshes with the fixed toothed sprocket 57 and locks the fixed toothed sprocket 57 back onto the fixed toothed sprocket seat 54, thereby achieving rigid locking of the position of the plate spindle 4. During each separation and engagement cycle of the fixed toothed sprocket 57 and the movable toothed sprocket 58, the fixed toothed sprocket 57 can rotate by one tooth pitch angle driven by the phase adjustment component. By periodically changing the meshing phase of the fixed toothed sprocket 57 and the movable toothed sprocket 58, all teeth on the circumference of the toothed sprocket will participate in bearing the force, and the wear that was originally concentrated on a few teeth will be evenly distributed to the entire toothed sprocket, thereby achieving wear homogenization.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, when switching the working positions of the two sets of worktables 7, the plate spindle 4 is driven axially to move the movable toothed disc 58, causing the fixed toothed disc 57 to separate from the movable toothed disc 58. During each engagement and disengagement cycle, the fixed toothed disc 57 is driven by the phase adjustment component to rotate by one tooth pitch angle. By periodically changing the engagement phase of the fixed toothed disc 57 and the movable toothed disc 58, all teeth on the circumference of the toothed disc will participate in bearing the force, and the wear that was originally concentrated on a few teeth will be evenly distributed to the entire toothed disc, thereby achieving wear homogenization and avoiding meshing clearance caused by local wear. The equipment can maintain the initial high repeatability positioning accuracy over a longer service life, limit and extend the service life of the toothed disc and even the entire exchange mechanism, and ensure the stability of processing quality.

[0041] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the front end of the plate spindle 4 is provided with an exchange turntable 1, and the exchange turntable 1 is coaxially arranged with the spindle drive assembly 3. The exchange turntable 1 is provided with two sets of four-axis drive assemblies 6 mirror-distributed on both sides of the plate spindle 4. Specifically, the spindle drive assembly 3 is provided with a positioning kit 2 on its exterior. The positioning kit 2 is installed on the machine tool frame to realize the positioning of the spindle drive assembly 3. The spindle drive assembly 3 can drive the exchange turntable 1 and the plate spindle 4 to rotate, thereby realizing the switching of the working positions of the two sets of worktables 7, so that the cutting and loading / unloading operations on the two sets of worktables 7 can be carried out simultaneously, thereby improving the processing efficiency.

[0042] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, a four-axis support 8 is coaxially arranged at the tail end of the plate spindle 4 and the four-axis drive assembly 6, and a worktable 7 is arranged between the four-axis drive assembly 6 and the four-axis support 8. The worktable 7 is driven to rotate by the four-axis drive assembly 6. Specifically, by driving the worktable 7 to rotate through the four-axis drive assembly 6, the worktable 7 can be processed at any angle, and the plate spindle 4 can participate in the linkage, which greatly improves the processing capacity and solves the problem of difficult chip removal. It should be noted that the related structures of the spindle drive assembly 3, plate spindle 4, four-axis drive assembly 6, and four-axis support 8, as well as the technical solution of the plate spindle 4 being driven to move axially, have been fully disclosed in the background art reference documents, and will not be repeated here.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, the support assembly includes a fixed sprocket seat 54, on which a tailstock seat 55 is rotatably mounted. The tailstock seat 55 is rigidly connected to the plate spindle 4 and the movable sprocket 58. The movable sprocket 58 is driven by the plate spindle 4 to rotate or move axially. Specifically, the support assembly also includes a connecting flange 51, which is fixedly mounted on the tail end of the plate spindle 4 and coaxially arranged with the spindle drive assembly 3. The tailstock seat 55 is fixedly connected to the connecting flange 51. A movable sprocket seat 56 is fixedly connected to the end away from the connecting flange 51, and the movable sprocket 58 is fixedly installed on the inner ring of the movable sprocket seat 56; a tailstock spindle 52, one end of which abuts against the connecting flange 51 and is fixedly installed inside the tailstock body 55; a bearing sleeve 53 is movably fitted onto the outside of the tailstock body 55 via radial bearings and a plane bearing, and the bearing sleeve 53 is rotatably installed on the inner ring of the fixed sprocket seat 54; a sensor switch sleeve 519 is fixedly connected to the end of the tailstock spindle 52 away from the connecting flange 51, and the sensor switch controls the movement of the sprocket. The position detection of the inductive switch sleeve 519 enables the detection of the moving position of the plate spindle 4, achieving closed-loop control of the plate spindle 4's movement. When the plate spindle 4 is driven to move axially, it synchronously drives the connecting flange 51, tailstock spindle 52, bearing sleeve 53, inductive switch sleeve 519, as well as the tailstock body 55, movable chuck seat 56, and movable chuck 58 to move, thereby adjusting the connection state of the fixed chuck 57 and movable chuck 58. The sealing retaining ring 516 and the fixed chuck seat 54 are fixedly installed on the sealing retaining ring 516, ensuring a tight seal. The sealing ring 516 is fixedly installed on the machine tool frame, which can realize the positioning of the fixed sprocket seat 54 and the fixed sprocket 57. Then, when the fixed sprocket 57 and the movable sprocket 58 are engaged, the position of the plate spindle 4 is rigidly locked. The tailstock mounting plate 517 is fixedly installed on the sealing ring 516. The movable sprocket seat 56 is snapped into the inside of the tailstock mounting plate 517. The tailstock mounting plate 517 and the movable sprocket seat 56 are in contact and sealed to prevent impurities in the machining environment from entering the inner cavity of the tailstock body 55 and the movable sprocket seat 56.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, a locking disc 510 is fixedly mounted on the fixed gear sprocket seat 54, and the locking disc 510 has evenly distributed locking holes 511. The fixed gear sprocket 57 is provided with locking pins 514 that cooperate with the locking holes 511. After the fixed gear sprocket 57 and the movable gear sprocket 58 are engaged, the fixed gear sprocket 57 is rigidly connected to the fixed gear sprocket seat 54 through the locking pins 514. Specifically, the number of locking holes 511 is the same as the number of teeth on the fixed gear sprocket 57 and the movable gear sprocket 58, and the included angle between adjacent locking holes 511 is perpendicular to the angle between the fixed gear sprocket 57 and the movable gear sprocket 58. The tooth pitch angles of the toothed sprockets 58 are the same. In the initial state, the locking pins 514 on the fixed toothed sprockets 57 can be inserted into the corresponding locking holes 511. Since the fixed toothed sprockets 57 rotate by one tooth pitch angle each time, and the number of teeth and tooth pitch angles of the locking holes 511 and the fixed toothed sprockets 57 are the same, the locking pins 514 on the back of the fixed toothed sprockets 57 can still be inserted into the locking holes 511 after adjustment, so as to achieve a rigid connection between the fixed toothed sprockets 57, the locking plate 510 and the fixed toothed sprocket seat 54, thereby achieving a rigid lock on the movable toothed sprockets 58 and the plate spindle 4.

[0045] As a preferred technical solution of this embodiment, the phase adjustment assembly includes an ejector air assembly 59, which is disposed on the fixed tooth plate seat 54 and is used to apply elastic force to the fixed tooth plate 57; a phase drive groove 512, which is opened on the periphery of the fixed tooth plate seat 54; and a transmission pin 518, which is disposed on the periphery of the fixed tooth plate 57 and inserted into the phase drive groove 512. Specifically, after the movable tooth plate 58 separates from the fixed tooth plate 57 and releases the restriction on the position of the fixed tooth plate 57, the fixed tooth plate 57 moves away from the locking plate 510 under the elastic force of the ejector air assembly 59. Since the transmission pin 518 is inserted into the phase drive groove 512, while the fixed tooth plate 57 moves axially, the transmission pin 518, restricted by the phase drive groove 512, can drive the fixed tooth plate 57 to rotate by one tooth pitch angle, thereby realizing the periodic change of the meshing phase of the fixed tooth plate 57 and the movable tooth plate 58.

[0046] As a preferred technical solution of this embodiment, the phase drive slot 512 is composed of a number of periodically arranged slot units, and the slot unit includes a vertical section and an inclined section connected to the vertical section. Specifically, the number of slot units is the same as the number of teeth of the fixed tooth plate 57, and the spacing between adjacent slot units is the same as the tooth pitch angle of the fixed tooth plate 57, so as to ensure that the fixed tooth plate 57 can rotate by one tooth pitch angle under the restriction of the phase drive slot 512 during each separation and engagement cycle of the fixed tooth plate 57 and the moving tooth plate 58.

[0047] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, a limiting pawl 513 is hinged at the upper edge of the connection position between the vertical section and the inclined section. The transmission pin 518 is restricted by the limiting pawl 513 and can move from the lower edge of the vertical section of one set of slot units through the inclined section to the upper edge of the vertical section of another set of slot units. Specifically, a sheet-like torsion spring is provided on the limiting pawl 513 so that the limiting pawl 513 always has a tendency to rotate upwards in the vertical section. After the moving toothed plate 58 separates from the fixed toothed plate 57 and the restriction on the position of the fixed toothed plate 57 is released, the transmission pin 518 first moves below the vertical section of one set of slot units. When the transmission pin 518 abuts against the limiting pawl 513, the locking pin 514 disengages from the locking hole 511 and is subjected to the continuous elastic force of the ejection air assembly 59. Guided by the limiting stop 513, the limiting stop 513 moves to the inclined section of the slot unit. Since the fixed tooth plate seat 54 is in a fixed state, that is, the phase drive slot 512 is in a fixed state when it is working, when the transmission pin 518 moves in the inclined section of the slot unit, it can drive the fixed tooth plate 57 to rotate by one tooth pitch angle. Under the elastic force of the ejector air assembly 59, the transmission pin 518 can move to the end of the inclined section, that is, the upper edge of the vertical section of the adjacent slot unit. When the moving tooth plate 58 re-meshes with the fixed tooth plate 57, the fixed tooth plate 57 drives the transmission pin 518 to move axially, so that the transmission pin 518 can push the limiting stop 513 to rotate and move to the lower edge along the upper edge of the vertical section of the adjacent slot unit, so that the transmission pin 518 enters the next working cycle.

[0048] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, a mounting groove for cooperating with the ejector air assembly 59 is provided between the fixed tooth plate seat 54 and the locking plate 510. The ejector air assembly 59 can move between the mounting grooves driven by the fixed tooth plate 57. Specifically, since the fixed tooth plate 57 needs to rotate during phase adjustment, the position of the ejector air assembly 59 is restricted by the mounting groove between the fixed tooth plate seat 54 and the locking plate 510. This ensures that the fixed tooth plate 57 can drive the ejector air assembly 59 to rotate, while the ejector air assembly 59 can apply elastic force to the fixed tooth plate 57 to achieve phase adjustment of the fixed tooth plate 57.

[0049] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the tailstock mounting plate 517 and the movable sprocket seat 56 are in dynamic contact seal. With long-term operation, due to the harsh processing environment, impurities such as metal shavings will inevitably invade the inner cavity of the tailstock body 55 and the movable sprocket seat 56, affecting the fixed sprocket 57, the movable sprocket 58 and other internal structures. Therefore, the following embodiments are proposed to solve the above problems.

[0050] In another embodiment of the present invention, the ejector compression assembly 59 includes an ejector guide rod 591 and a compression cylinder liner 593. After the fixed sprocket 57 meshes with the movable sprocket 58, the ejector guide rod 591 can squeeze the gas in the compression cylinder liner 593 out. Specifically, an ejector spring 592 is movably fitted outside the ejector guide rod 591 to apply elastic force to the fixed sprocket 57. A piston that cooperates with the compression cylinder liner 593 is provided at the end of the ejector guide rod 591 away from the fixed sprocket 57. An annular groove and a vent hole that cooperate with the compression cylinder liner 593 are provided on the fixed sprocket seat 54. A one-way intake valve 515 is fixedly connected to the shaft tail seat 55. When the ejector guide rod 591 is driven by the fixed sprocket 57 to move towards the end away from the compression cylinder liner 593, it can draw in external air along the one-way intake valve 515, causing the shaft tail to... The air pressure inside the tailstock 55 and the movable sprocket seat 56 is balanced with the external air pressure. When the ejector guide rod 591 is driven by the fixed sprocket 57 to move towards the end near the compressor cylinder liner 593, the piston at the end of the ejector guide rod 591 can force the gas in the compressor cylinder liner 593 into the inner cavity of the tailstock 55 and the movable sprocket seat 56, creating a positive pressure environment inside the tailstock 55 and the movable sprocket seat 56. This greatly prevents impurities such as metal shavings from entering along the contact point between the tailstock mounting plate 517 and the movable sprocket seat 56. It should be noted that, in order to prevent the outside air drawn in along the one-way intake valve 515 from containing impurities such as metal shavings, a filter element is provided at the air inlet of the one-way intake valve 515 to filter impurities such as metal shavings in the drawn air. The use of a filter element at the air inlet of the one-way intake valve 515 is a common existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0051] All electrical components involved in this application are existing technologies. Those skilled in the art can select appropriate models of electrical components according to their needs. No restrictions or elaborations are made here. Those skilled in the art understand their connection methods. With the help of those skilled in the art, all electrical components in this application and their compatible power supplies can be connected by wires. And according to the actual situation, appropriate controllers can be selected to meet control requirements.

[0052] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spindle tailstock support structure for a rotary exchange worktable, comprising a plate spindle (4); a spindle drive assembly (3) disposed at the front end of the plate spindle (4) for driving the plate spindle (4) to rotate and move axially, characterized in that, It also includes a tailstock support structure (5), which is located at the tail end of the plate spindle (4) and is coaxially arranged with the spindle drive assembly (3); The tailstock support structure (5) includes: a support assembly for supporting the tail end of the plate spindle (4); a locking assembly, which is disposed inside the support assembly and is used to lock the plate spindle (4) by drive, the locking assembly including a fixed toothed plate (57) and a movable toothed plate (58) that can engage or disengage; and a phase adjustment assembly, which is connected to the fixed toothed plate (57) in a transmission manner. The movable toothed disc (58) moves axially under the drive of the plate spindle (4); when the fixed toothed disc (57) is separated from the movable toothed disc (58), the fixed toothed disc (57) is driven to rotate by the phase adjustment component, and the meshing phase of the fixed toothed disc (57) and the movable toothed disc (58) is changed periodically; when the fixed toothed disc (57) and the movable toothed disc (58) are meshed, the fixed toothed disc (57) and the plate spindle (4) are rigidly connected. The front end of the plate spindle (4) is provided with an exchange turntable (1), and the exchange turntable (1) is provided with two sets of four-axis drive components (6) mirror-distributed on both sides of the plate spindle (4); the tail end of the plate spindle (4) is coaxially provided with a four-axis support (8) and the four-axis drive components (6), and a worktable (7) is provided between the four-axis drive components (6) and the four-axis support (8), and the worktable (7) is driven to rotate by the four-axis drive components (6); The support assembly includes a fixed sprocket seat (54), on which a shaft tail seat (55) is rotatably mounted; a locking disc (510) is fixedly mounted on the fixed sprocket seat (54), and the locking disc (510) has evenly distributed locking holes (511); the fixed sprocket (57) is provided with a locking pin (514) that cooperates with the locking holes (511); after the fixed sprocket (57) meshes with the movable sprocket (58), the fixed sprocket (57) is rigidly connected to the fixed sprocket seat (54) through the locking pin (514); The phase adjustment assembly includes an ejector air assembly (59) disposed on a fixed tooth plate seat (54) for applying elastic force to the fixed tooth plate (57); a phase drive groove (512) disposed on the periphery of the fixed tooth plate seat (54); and a drive pin (518) disposed on the periphery of the fixed tooth plate (57) and inserted into the phase drive groove (512). The phase drive groove (512) is composed of several periodically arranged groove units, and the groove unit includes a vertical section and an inclined section connected to the vertical section. The upper edge of the connection position between the vertical section and the inclined section is hinged with a limiting pawl (513). The drive pin (518) is limited by the limiting pawl (513) to move from the lower edge of the vertical section of one set of groove units through the inclined section to the upper edge of the vertical section of another set of groove units.

2. The spindle tailstock support structure of a rotary exchange worktable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exchange turntable (1) is coaxially arranged with the spindle drive assembly (3).

3. The spindle tailstock support structure of a rotary exchange worktable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tailstock (55) is rigidly connected to the plate spindle (4) and the movable toothed disc (58). The movable toothed disc (58) is driven by the plate spindle (4) to rotate or move axially.

4. The spindle tailstock support structure of a rotary exchange worktable according to claim 1, characterized in that, An installation groove is provided between the fixed tooth plate seat (54) and the locking plate (510) to cooperate with the ejector air assembly (59). The ejector air assembly (59) is driven by the fixed tooth plate (57) to move between the installation grooves.

5. The spindle tailstock support structure of a rotary exchange worktable according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ejector air assembly (59) includes an ejector guide rod (591) and an air cylinder liner (593). After the fixed toothed disc (57) meshes with the movable toothed disc (58), the ejector guide rod (591) can squeeze out the gas in the air cylinder liner (593).

Images