Power distribution method and charging system

Abstract

The application discloses a power distribution method and a charging system, and relates to the technical field of charging. The method is applied to a power distribution device, the power distribution device comprises n switch units and m groups of second controllable switches, the switch unit comprises two groups of first nodes, one group of second nodes and three groups of first controllable switches, the two groups of first nodes and the second nodes are connected through one group of first controllable switches in pairs, the two groups of first nodes and the second nodes are connected with corresponding power modules in a charging system respectively, and adjacent first nodes in all the switch units are sequentially connected through one group of second controllable switches to form a first ring network. The method comprises the following steps: taking at least two outlet points in all the switch units as target outlet points, and controlling the charging interfaces corresponding to the target outlet points to be connected with the same charging terminal of the charging system. Therefore, the utilization rate of the power modules in the charging system can be improved while the charging demand diversity is taken into account.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to a power distribution method and a charging system. Background Technology

[0002] With the popularization of new energy vehicles and the continuous growth in demand for fast charging, high-power charging infrastructure has become an important direction for industry development. The core technologies of power distribution in charging systems usually revolve around two interrelated key points: the design of power distribution topology and the design of power distribution algorithms. The two must be designed in tandem to form an efficient, economical, and reliable power distribution solution.

[0003] However, existing power allocation methods mainly employ a static strategy of pre-setting a fixed number of power modules for each charging terminal. This method has significant drawbacks: First, pre-setting too many power modules for high-power charging terminals to meet potential high-power charging demands means these modules will be idle when serving vehicles with normal power outputs, resulting in a waste of system power resources. Second, fixed power module allocation cannot accommodate diverse real-time charging needs, limiting the charging system's ability to dynamically adjust allocation based on actual load, thereby reducing overall power utilization efficiency and operational economy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this application is to provide a power distribution method and a charging system to improve the utilization rate of the power module in the charging system while taking into account the diversity of charging needs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a power distribution method applied to a power distribution device. The power distribution device includes n switching units and m sets of second controllable switches, where n and m are integers greater than 1. Each switching unit includes two sets of first nodes, one set of second nodes, and three sets of first controllable switches. The two sets of first nodes and second nodes are connected to each other through a set of first controllable switches. The two sets of first nodes and second nodes are respectively connected to corresponding power modules in a charging system. At least one set of first nodes and / or second nodes serves as a gun outlet connected to a charging interface. Adjacent first nodes in all the switching units are sequentially connected through a set of second controllable switches to form a first ring network. The method includes: At least two of the gun outlet points in all the switching units are designated as target gun outlet points, and the charging interfaces corresponding to each target gun outlet point are controlled to connect to the same charging terminal of the charging system, wherein each target gun outlet point is located in a different switching unit.

[0006] Optionally, the step of taking at least two firing points in all the switching units as target firing points includes: determining at least one firing point from each of the switching units as the target firing point, or taking any one firing point from at least two non-adjacent switching units as the target firing point.

[0007] Optionally, the step of taking at least two of the firing points in all the switching units as target firing points includes: taking at least two of the firing points in all the switching units as target firing points, wherein at least one of the target firing points satisfies a preset condition; the preset condition includes that the number of directly connected first controllable switches and / or second controllable switches exceeds a preset number.

[0008] Optionally, the step of using at least two of the outlet points in all the switching units as target outlet points includes: obtaining the required power of each charging interface; for any charging interface, if the required power of the charging interface exceeds a preset power, using the outlet point corresponding to the charging interface and at least one outlet point of each switching unit as the target outlet point, or using any outlet point in at least two switching units that are not adjacent to the outlet point corresponding to the charging interface as the target outlet point.

[0009] Optionally, after controlling the charging interface corresponding to each of the target firing points to connect to the same charging terminal of the charging system, the method further includes: generating a scheduling instruction based on the connection relationship between the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch, the required power of each, and according to a preset allocation strategy. The scheduling instruction is used to instruct the power allocation device to control the opening or closing of the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch.

[0010] Optionally, the preset allocation strategy includes a first allocation strategy, which generates scheduling instructions based on the connection relationship between the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch, the required power of each target outlet, and according to the first allocation strategy. This includes: designating any one of the target outlets as the primary target outlet and the remaining target outlets as secondary target outlets; determining the available power modules corresponding to the primary target outlet and each secondary target outlet based on the required power of each charging interface; prioritizing the allocation of the available power modules corresponding to the primary target outlet based on the connection relationship between the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch, and the required power of the charging terminals connected to each target outlet, then allocating the available power modules corresponding to each secondary target outlet until the required power of the charging terminals is met; wherein, the available power modules corresponding to the target outlets include unused power modules connected to the target outlets via a set of the second controllable switches and / or a set of the first controllable switches.

[0011] Optionally, the preset allocation strategy includes a second allocation strategy, which generates scheduling instructions based on the connection relationship between the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch, the required power of each of the targets, and according to the second allocation strategy. This includes: determining the available power modules corresponding to each target outlet based on the required power of each of the charging interfaces; allocating the available power modules corresponding to each target outlet based on the connection relationship between the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch, the required power of the charging terminals connected to each target outlet, and a preset rule, until the required power of the charging terminals is met; wherein the available power modules corresponding to each target outlet include unoccupied and unallocated power modules connected to the target outlet via a set of the second controllable switches and / or a set of the first controllable switches; the preset rule includes evenly allocating the available power modules corresponding to each target outlet, or preferentially allocating the available power modules of the target outlet with the largest number of available power modules.

[0012] Optionally, the step of taking at least two of the outlet points in all the switching units as target outlet points and controlling the charging interface corresponding to each target outlet point to connect to the same charging terminal of the charging system includes: obtaining the required power of each charging interface; for any charging interface, determining the total output power of the available power module connected to the switching unit where the outlet point of the charging interface is located; if the total output power meets the required power of the charging interface, allocating the available power module connected to the switching unit where the outlet point of the charging interface is located to the charging interface; if the total output power does not meet the required power of the charging interface, based on... Based on a preset priority and the required power of the charging interface, a target outlet point is selected from the outlet points of other switching units. The charging interface and the charging interfaces corresponding to each target outlet point are controlled to connect to the same charging terminal of the charging system. The available power modules connected to the switching units where each target outlet point is located are allocated to the charging interface according to the preset priority. The available power modules corresponding to the outlet point include unoccupied power modules connected to the outlet point through a set of second controllable switches and / or a set of first controllable switches. The preset priority is determined based on the first ring network and the proximity relationship with the outlet point corresponding to the charging interface.

[0013] Optionally, adjacent second nodes in all the switching units are sequentially connected through a set of second controllable switches to form a second ring network, and at least one set of first nodes in the switching units is connected to a non-adjacent first node in any other switching unit through a set of second controllable switches.

[0014] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a charging system, including a power distribution device, a controller, multiple power modules, at least two charging interfaces, and at least two charging terminals, wherein each charging interface is connected to a corresponding charging terminal; the controller is connected to each power module and each charging interface, and the controller is used to execute the power distribution method as described in any of the preceding claims; the power distribution device is connected to the controller, each power module, and each charging interface, and the power distribution device is used to control the opening or closing of a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch based on a scheduling command issued by the controller, so as to distribute the output power of each power module to each charging terminal.

[0015] The power allocation method of this application enables a portion of the output gun points to be directly connected to a charging terminal, which outputs power as a regular charging terminal; while another portion of the output gun points are combined and connected to a single charging terminal, which outputs power as a high-power charging terminal. This achieves a mixed layout of different power levels and different types of terminals, effectively improving the charging flexibility and adaptability of the charging system and avoiding idle power resources. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a scenario example of a power distribution device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is one of the schematic diagrams of a power distribution device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an example switching unit of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a 360kW power distribution device, a specific example of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a 480kW power distribution device, a specific example of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a 360kW power distribution device, another specific example of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a 480kW power distribution device, another specific example of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a 720kW power distribution device, a specific example of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a 720kW power distribution device, another specific example of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a 960kW power distribution device, a specific example of this application; Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of a 960kW power distribution device, another specific example of this application; Figure 12 This is a second schematic diagram of the power distribution device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 13 This is one of the flowcharts of the power allocation method according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 14 This is a second flowchart of the power allocation method according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 15 This is the third flowchart of the power allocation method according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 16 This is the fourth flowchart of the power allocation method according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 17 This is the fifth flowchart of the power allocation method according to the embodiments of this application; Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the physical structure of a controller is provided; In the diagram, 110 is the power module; 120 is the charging interface; 130 is the controller; 140 is the power distribution device; 150 is the charging terminal; 1810 is the processor; 1820 is the communication interface; 1830 is the memory; and 1840 is the communication bus.

[0017] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] With increasing global awareness of environmental protection and adjustments to the energy structure, electric vehicles (EVs), as an important tool for reducing carbon emissions and promoting sustainable development, are gradually becoming the mainstream choice in the automotive market. The widespread adoption of EVs depends not only on improved vehicle performance but also on the support of an efficient, reliable, and convenient charging infrastructure network. In EV charging systems, the power distribution unit (PDU) plays a crucial role, responsible for rationally distributing the output power of each power module to each charging station according to demand, ensuring the operational efficiency and reliability of the charging system.

[0020] Understandably, the core technologies of power distribution in charging systems usually revolve around two interrelated key points: the design of the power distribution topology and the design of the power distribution algorithm. The two must be designed in tandem to form an efficient, economical, and reliable power distribution solution.

[0021] Currently, some power distribution topologies are designed based on a single power module. However, as the power levels of charging piles increase, more and more charging piles are increasing their output power by using three power modules. For example, there are 240kW charging piles with six 40kW power modules, 360kW charging piles with nine 40kW power modules, and so on, including 480kW, 600kW, 720kW, 840kW, and 960kW. These existing power distribution devices are modular and have poor scalability, making them incompatible with the system development of these various power ranges, affecting development efficiency. Furthermore, they cannot meet the changing power level requirements of charging piles in terms of cost, size, and flexibility.

[0022] Other mainstream power distribution devices are based on ring, star, or hybrid topologies to build power distribution networks. However, these topologies are usually complex in structure, which is not conducive to modular design and results in high maintenance and production costs. In addition, these topologies typically use contactors as power switches, which further increases production costs; and these topologies usually require controlling multiple levels of switches to access power modules that are far away, resulting in high power losses and low flexibility in access.

[0023] Currently, the common approach to power allocation is to pre-configure a fixed number of power modules for each charging terminal. Specifically, the maximum number of power modules that can be accessed by each charging terminal is determined during the design phase of the charging system. This number is typically set based on the maximum power demand of the vehicles that the charging terminal may serve. This configuration method does indeed ensure that individual charging terminals have sufficient power output capability when dealing with the continuously increasing demand for high-power charging.

[0024] However, this static power allocation method has gradually revealed significant drawbacks in actual operation. Firstly, since the maximum number of power modules that can be allocated to each charging terminal is fixed, when a charging terminal serves a high-power charging vehicle, sufficient power modules must be reserved to meet peak demand. However, in most application scenarios, not all vehicles require high-power charging services. If the charging terminal is connected to a vehicle with normal power requirements, a large number of power modules pre-allocated to that terminal in the charging system will be idle or inefficiently utilized, resulting in a serious waste of overall power resources.

[0025] Secondly, this fixed maximum output power setting makes it difficult for the charging system to flexibly accommodate diverse charging needs. As the power levels of charging vehicles become increasingly segmented and dynamically change, the rigid allocation mechanism cannot dynamically adjust the upper limit of power module usage for each charging terminal according to real-time load conditions. This leads to a decrease in the overall power utilization rate of the charging system, restricting the economic efficiency and energy efficiency of charging facility operation.

[0026] Based on this, this application provides a power distribution device and charging system. By designing a three-input, multi-output switch unit as the smallest unit, it can efficiently expand to charging terminals of various power levels, improving the modularity and scalability of the power distribution device. Simultaneously, by combining and connecting several second controllable switches to form a first ring network and a second ring network, the flexibility of calling each power module is improved, and each output gun point can call each power module with a shorter calling path, reducing the loss of power output in the transmission path and improving the calling flexibility of the power modules. Finally, the charging strategy of simultaneous charging at multiple output gun points proposed in this embodiment takes into account both the diversity of charging needs and the utilization rate of power modules.

[0027] For ease of understanding, this specification provides a scenario example of a power distribution device, which is applied in situations such as... Figure 1 The example application environment is shown. Specifically, this scenario is a charging scenario for an electric vehicle charging station. In this scenario, the charging system of the charging station may include several power modules 110, several charging interfaces 120, a controller 130, a power distribution device 140, and several charging terminals 150. The power distribution device 140 is connected to each power module 110, each charging interface 120, and the controller 130, respectively. Each charging interface 120 is connected to each charging terminal 150.

[0028] It should be noted that the charging system in this scenario example is a split-type DC charging pile. The power module 110, charging interface 120, controller 130 and power distribution device 140 constitute the charging pile, and each charging terminal 150 is set separately from the main body of the charging pile. The charging terminal 150 is equipped with a single charging gun or dual charging guns for outputting power to electric vehicles.

[0029] In this scenario example, power module 110 may include an AC / DC power conversion module and a DC / DC power conversion module. Power module 110 is used to convert the AC power input from the power grid into the required DC power. Power distribution device 140 is composed of multiple switching devices, such as contactors or relays. Power distribution device 140 can connect different power modules 110 in parallel to distribute the power output of each power module 110 to each charging interface 120 as needed, and then output it to the electric vehicle being charged.

[0030] Specifically, the power distribution device 140 includes n switching units. Each switching unit is connected to a corresponding power module 110 via three sets of nodes and is connected to at least one charging interface 120. A switching unit is the smallest unit composed of two sets of first nodes, one set of second nodes, and three sets of first controllable switches. Optionally, the three sets of first controllable switches can form a closed-loop topology with three points connected sequentially. Furthermore, each switching unit is also connected via a second controllable switch combination, so that all power modules 110 can output power to any one of the charging interfaces 120.

[0031] In this scenario example, if the power of a power module 110 is 40kW, then a switch unit combined with three power modules 110 can output 120kW of power. When it is necessary to expand the 120kW charging interface 120 to a 600kW charging interface 120, it is only necessary to expand the switch unit to 5 and the power module 110 to 15, thereby realizing the rapid switching of the power level of the charging interface 120.

[0032] In this scenario example, each charging interface 120 can initially be connected to a charging terminal 150, with each charging terminal 150 acting as a standard air-cooled terminal outputting power. When an electric vehicle needs charging at the charging station, the controller 130 can receive the charging request sent by the charging interface 120 and obtain the required power of the charging interface 120. If the required power of the charging interface 120 exceeds the maximum output power of the standard air-cooled terminal, the controller 130 can combine multiple charging interfaces 120 and connect them to the same charging terminal 150 to obtain a high-power charging terminal 150 (e.g., a liquid-cooled terminal or an oil-immersed terminal) to provide high-power charging for the electric vehicle.

[0033] Referring to the scenario examples of the power distribution device in the foregoing embodiments, the power distribution device of the present application embodiments will be described in detail below.

[0034] Figure 2 This is one of the schematic diagrams of a power distribution device according to an embodiment of this application. This power distribution device can be applied to a charging system as described above, and the charging system may include multiple power modules. Figure 2 As shown, the power distribution device may include n switching units and m groups of second controllable switches, where n and m are integers greater than 1.

[0035] The switching unit includes two sets of first nodes, one set of second nodes, and three sets of first controllable switches. The two sets of first nodes and second nodes are connected to each other through a set of first controllable switches. The two sets of first nodes and second nodes are respectively connected to the corresponding power modules. At least one set of first nodes and / or second nodes serves as the outlet point and is connected to a charging interface. Adjacent first nodes in all switching units are connected sequentially through a set of second controllable switches to form a first ring network. Adjacent second nodes in all switching units are connected sequentially through a set of second controllable switches to form a second ring network. At least one set of first nodes in a switching unit is connected to a non-adjacent first node in any other switching unit through a set of second controllable switches.

[0036] First, it should be noted that the power module has a positive connection terminal and a negative connection terminal. Therefore, a set of first nodes includes two first nodes, one connected to the positive connection terminal of the power module and the other connected to the negative connection terminal of the power module; a set of second nodes also includes two second nodes, one connected to the positive connection terminal of the power module and the other connected to the negative connection terminal of the power module. Similarly, two first controllable switches (or two second controllable switches) form a group, and the two first controllable switches (or two second controllable switches) are respectively connected to two first nodes (or two second nodes) in the same group. For clarity, the schematic diagrams related to all power distribution devices in the embodiments of this application only show the first nodes, second nodes, first controllable switches, and second controllable switches related to the negative connection terminals of each power module, and do not show the positive and negative connection terminals of the power modules.

[0037] In addition, the charging interface is used to connect to a load or charging terminal and supply power to the load; the charging interface can be connected to a charging terminal and then charge the vehicle's battery through the charging gun mounted on the charging terminal; the charging interface can also be directly connected to a charging gun through the output terminal to charge the vehicle's battery.

[0038] To make it easier to understand, we will first take a three-input, five-output switch unit as an example to explain in detail the connection relationship between the switch unit, the power module, and the charging interface.

[0039] Specifically, each switching unit connects to at least three power modules, thereby combining the three power modules in parallel. The switching unit may include two sets of first nodes, one set of second nodes, and three sets of first controllable switches. The two sets of first nodes and one set of second nodes are each connected to a corresponding power module, with different nodes connecting to different power modules. Specifically, one set of first nodes includes two first nodes: one connected to the positive connection terminal of a power module, and the other connected to the negative connection terminal of that power module. Similarly, one set of second nodes includes two second nodes: one connected to the positive connection terminal of a power module, and the other connected to the negative connection terminal of that power module.

[0040] The three sets of first controllable switches connect each set of first and second nodes in pairs. Taking one set of first controllable switches as an example, each set includes two first controllable switches that connect two sets of first nodes. One end of one first controllable switch is connected to a first node connected to the positive connection end of a power module, and the other end of this first controllable switch is connected to a first node connected to the positive connection end of another power module. The other first controllable switch has one end connected to a first node connected to the negative connection end of a power module, and the other end of this first controllable switch is connected to a first node connected to the negative connection end of another power module.

[0041] It should be noted that the connection method of a group of first nodes and a group of second nodes connected by a group of first controllable switches is the same, and will not be repeated here.

[0042] In the switching unit, the two sets of first nodes and the set of second nodes are all directly connected to a charging interface. The nodes connected to the charging interface can be recorded as the gun outlet points.

[0043] The two sets of second controllable switches can be connected to any two sets of nodes in the switching unit. Taking one set of second controllable switches as an example, the set includes two second controllable switches, connected to a set of first nodes and a charging interface. Specifically, one end of one second controllable switch is connected to a first node connected to the positive connection terminal, and the other end of the second controllable switch is connected to the positive connection terminal of the charging interface; one end of the other second controllable switch is connected to a first node connected to the negative connection terminal, and the other end of the second controllable switch is connected to the negative connection terminal of the charging interface.

[0044] This constitutes a three-input, five-output switching unit, with three input terminals to receive power output from the power module, and three output terminals directly connected to the charging interface and two output terminals connected to the charging interface via a second controllable switch to output power to the charging interface.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first and second controllable switches can be electromechanical switches, such as relays and contactors, or they can be power electronic switches, such as MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors) and IGBTs (Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors). In this embodiment, both the first and second controllable switches are referred to as power switches.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an example switching unit of this application. For example... Figure 3 As shown in the figure, as an example, the charging system includes power module M1, power module M2 and power module M3, and also includes charging interface DC1, charging interface DC2, charging interface DC3, charging interface DC4 and charging interface DC5; the switching unit includes two sets of first nodes and one set of second nodes, namely: first node 1, first node 2, first node 3, first node 4, second node 5 and second node 6; it also includes three sets of first controllable switches, that is, 6 first controllable switches, namely K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 and K6; and it also includes two sets of second controllable switches, that is, 4 second controllable switches, namely K7, K8, K9 and K10.

[0047] It should be noted that in practical applications, the switching unit only includes the first and second controllable switches, and does not include the power module. Figure 3 The power modules M1, M2, and M3 shown are intended to clearly illustrate the correspondence between the power modules and each node.

[0048] In this configuration, node 1 is connected to the positive terminal of power module M1, and node 2 is connected to the negative terminal of power module M1; node 3 is connected to the positive terminal of power module M2, and node 4 is connected to the negative terminal of power module M2; node 5 is connected to the positive terminal of power module M3, and node 6 is connected to the negative terminal of power module M3. One end of K1 is connected to node 1, and the other end of K1 is connected to node 3; one end of K2 is connected to node 2, and the other end of K2 is connected to node 4; one end of K3 is connected to node 1, and the other end of K3 is connected to node 5; one end of K4 is connected to node 2, and the other end of K4 is connected to node 6; one end of K5 is connected to node 3, and the other end of K5 is connected to node 5; and one end of K6 is connected to node 4, and the other end of K6 is connected to node 6.

[0049] Power module M1 is connected to charging interface DC1 through first node 1 and first node 2; power module M2 is connected to charging interface DC2 through first node 3 and first node 4; power module M3 is connected to charging interface DC3 through second node 5 and second node 6.

[0050] One end of K7 is connected to the first node 3, and the other end of K7 is connected to the charging interface DC4; one end of K8 is connected to the first node 4, and the other end of K8 is connected to the charging interface DC4; one end of K9 is connected to the second node 5, and the other end of K9 is connected to the charging interface DC5; one end of K10 is connected to the second node 6, and the other end of K10 is connected to the charging interface DC5. Power module M2 can also be connected to the charging interface DC4 via K7 and K8; power module M3 can also be connected to the charging interface DC5 via K9 and K10.

[0051] In this embodiment, at least one set of nodes in a switching unit can serve as outlet points connected to a charging interface. As an example, a set of first nodes and a set of second nodes serve as outlet points connected to two charging interfaces respectively, forming a three-input, four-output switching unit; as another example, two sets of first nodes serve as outlet points connected to two charging interfaces respectively, forming a three-input, four-output switching unit. It should be noted that a single three-input, five-output switching unit can have power switches added or removed to form a three-input, four-output or three-input, six-output switching unit. Figure 2 As shown, a switching unit can be connected to 4, 5, or 6 charging ports, preferably 5.

[0052] Understandably, regardless of how many charging ports a single switch unit is connected to, as long as all five controllable switches are closed, all three power modules will output power. Furthermore, the number and location of the charging ports connected to a single switch unit are not fixed and can be configured by staff according to actual needs.

[0053] Referring to the connection relationship between the switching unit, power module, and charging interface described above, the following section will continue to introduce... Figure 2 The topology of the power distribution device is shown.

[0054] First, it needs to be explained that, Figure 2 The charging interface is not shown; only the gun outlets are shown. Each gun outlet is connected to a charging interface. Figure 2 In this context, 'n' represents the number of groups of switching units and power modules, for example, the nth group of switching units and the nth group of power modules; 'm' represents the number of second controllable switches; and 'x' represents the number of outlet points and charging interfaces. Furthermore, Figure 2In this context, Kn-1, Kn-2, and Kn-3 all represent the first controllable switch, Sm represents the second controllable switch, n-1 represents the second node, n-2 and n-3 both represent the first node, and Mn-1, Mn-2, and Mn-3 all represent power modules.

[0055] Continue to refer to Figure 2 In this embodiment, typically a single switching unit connects to three power modules, but this can be expanded to multiple power modules. For example, such as... Figure 2 Power module M1-1 can be composed of N power modules, where N = 1, 2, 3, etc., and power modules M1-2, M1-3, etc. are similar. Furthermore, in practical applications, the number of power modules contained in M1-1, M1-2, and M1-3 can be different.

[0056] In this embodiment, all the switching units in the power distribution device can be arranged in a circle. Adjacent first nodes in each switching unit can be sequentially connected via a set of second controllable switches, thus forming a first ring network (i.e., an inner ring). It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the connection of adjacent first nodes in each switching unit via second controllable switches means that after the switching units are arranged in a circle, adjacent first nodes in two adjacent switching units are connected via a second controllable switch, thereby combining these two adjacent switching units.

[0057] As an example, Figure 2 In the first switching unit, node 1-3 and node 2-2 of the second switching unit are adjacent nodes, connected by a set of second controllable switches S1. Similarly, node 1-2 of the first switching unit and node n-3 of the nth switching unit are adjacent nodes, connected by a set of second controllable switches Sm-4. Second controllable switches S1, S2, Sm-4, and Sm-5 form a first ring network.

[0058] Furthermore, adjacent second nodes in each switching unit can be sequentially connected through a set of second controllable switches to form a second ring network (i.e., an outer ring). It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the connection of adjacent second nodes in each switching unit via a second controllable switch means that after the switching units form a circle, adjacent second nodes in two adjacent switching units are connected through a second controllable switch, thus directly connecting the second nodes in these two adjacent switching units. The second ring network can be understood as a closed-loop topology formed by sequentially connecting second nodes. Therefore, a set of second nodes has exactly two sets of adjacent second nodes, and a set of second nodes is connected to only two sets of second nodes.

[0059] As an example, Figure 2 In the first switching unit, the second node 1-1 and the second node 2-1 of the second switching unit are two adjacent second nodes, connected by a set of second controllable switches Sm-1. Similarly, the second node 1-1 of the first switching unit and the second node n-1 of the nth switching unit are two adjacent second nodes, connected by a set of second controllable switches Sm. The second controllable switches Sm / Sm-1, Sm-2, and Sm-3 form a second ring network.

[0060] Furthermore, at least one set of first nodes in each switching unit can be connected to first nodes in other switching units that are not adjacent to that first node via a set of second controllable switches (i.e., the first nodes are cross-connected). In short, each first node can also be cross-connected to other first nodes that have not been connected via a second controllable switch.

[0061] As an example, Figure 2 The first node 1-2 of the first switching unit is not directly connected to the first node 2-2 of the second switching unit via a second controllable switch. Therefore, the first node 1-2 and the first node 2-2 can be connected via a set of second controllable switches Sm-6. Similarly, the first node 1-2 of the first switching unit is not directly connected to the first node n-2 of the nth switching unit via a second controllable switch. The first node 1-2 and the first node n-2 can be connected via a set of second controllable switches Sm-7. Second controllable switches Sm-6, Sm-7, and Sm-8 are all second controllable switches used for cross-connection.

[0062] Therefore, by combining three power modules through a single switching unit, each time the power range of the charging interface is expanded, only the number of switching units and power modules needs to be increased, using the switching unit as the smallest unit. This improves the modularity of the power distribution device. The better the modularity of the power distribution device, the stronger its scalability, thus enabling efficient expansion of charging interfaces with various power levels. Furthermore, by designing a first ring network, a second ring network, and cross-connections to combine the switching units, more calling paths can be added with a minimum number of power switches. This allows each power module to output power to each charging interface through a shorter path, reducing power loss during transmission and further increasing calling flexibility.

[0063] In some implementations, the first controllable switch is a relay, and the second controllable switch is a contactor. In this embodiment, since the first controllable switch inside the switching unit typically only needs to carry the output current of 1-2 power modules, while the second controllable switch may need to carry the output current of more power modules, this embodiment uses a relay as the first controllable switch and a contactor as the second controllable switch. It is understood that the maximum current carrying capacity of a relay is smaller than that of a contactor, but the cost of a relay is lower than that of a contactor. Therefore, this embodiment uses a relay as the first controllable switch and a contactor as the second controllable switch, thereby effectively reducing the cost of the power switches while ensuring their safe operation.

[0064] In some implementations, a first or second node in the switching unit that meets a preset condition is connected to a charging interface as a gun outlet; wherein, the preset condition is that the number of power modules connected through a set of first controllable switches or a set of second controllable switches exceeds a preset number.

[0065] Continue to refer to Figure 2 In this embodiment, the location of the firing point can be selected at a first node or a second node where the total number of power modules connected via a set of first controllable switches or a set of second controllable switches exceeds a preset number. It is understood that such a first node or second node can call up a large number of power modules by closing a single power switch, thus maximizing the flexibility of power allocation. It should be noted that the preset number can be manually set by the operator according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the preset number can be 4, meaning the firing point is set at a node where more than 4 power modules can be called up via a set of power switches.

[0066] As an example, Figure 2 The gun output point 1 can call up five power modules: power module M1-1, power module M1-3, power module M2-2, power module Mn-2, and power module Mn-3 by closing the first controllable switch K1-1, the first controllable switch K1-3, the second controllable switch Sm-4, the second controllable switch Sm-6, and the second controllable switch Sm-7. Figure 2 The firing point 2 can activate four power modules—M1-2, M1-3, M2-1, and Mn-1—by closing the first controllable switch K1-1, the first controllable switch K1-2, the second controllable switch Sm-1, and the second controllable switch Sm. Therefore, firing point 1 has greater flexibility in power module scheduling.

[0067] In this embodiment, the cross-connection method of each switch unit may include: "well" type, "rice" type, or polygonal type. These three forms are described below.

[0068] In some implementations, for any given switching unit, any set of first nodes in the switching unit is connected to the non-adjacent first nodes in two adjacent switching units via a set of second controllable switches.

[0069] In this embodiment, only one set of first nodes in each switching unit is connected to the first nodes of two adjacent switching units that are not adjacent to that first node through a set of second controllable switches, forming a polygon-like shape. This polygonal cross-connection allows for more flexible access to each power module and increases the number of access paths. It should be noted that "not adjacent" in this embodiment refers to two non-adjacent first nodes in different switching units, for example... Figure 2 The first node 1-2 and the first node 2-2, the first node 1-2 and the first node n-2, etc.

[0070] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a specific example of a 360kW power distribution device according to this application. It should be noted that, for clarity of illustration, Figure 4 Only the first node, second node, first controllable switch, and second controllable switch associated with the negative connection of each power module are shown, and the positive and negative connection terminals of the power modules are not shown.

[0071] like Figure 4 As shown, as an example, when n equals 3, the charging system includes power modules M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8 and M9 with a rated power of 40kW, and also includes outlet points 1 to 6.

[0072] In this system, the first node 1-3 in the first switching unit is connected to the first node 3-2 in the third switching unit via the second controllable switch S1. The first node 3-3 in the third switching unit is connected to the first node 2-2 in the second switching unit via the second controllable switch S2. The first node 2-3 in the second switching unit is connected to the first node 1-2 in the first switching unit via the second controllable switch S3. After these first nodes are connected via the second controllable switches, a first ring network (i.e., the inner ring) is formed.

[0073] The second node 1-1 in the first switching unit is connected to the second node 3-1 in the third switching unit via the second controllable switch S4. The second node 3-1 in the third switching unit is connected to the second node 2-1 in the second switching unit via the second controllable switch S5. The second node 2-1 in the second switching unit is connected to the second node 1-1 in the first switching unit via the second controllable switch S6. After these second nodes are connected via the second controllable switches, a second ring network (i.e., the outer ring) is formed.

[0074] The first node 1-3 in the first switching unit is connected to the first node 3-3 in the third switching unit via the second controllable switch S7. The first node 3-3 in the third switching unit is connected to the first node 2-3 in the second switching unit via the second controllable switch S8. The first node 2-3 in the second switching unit is connected to the first node 1-3 in the first switching unit via the second controllable switch S9. After the first nodes are connected via the second controllable switches, a triangle (i.e., a cross connection) is formed.

[0075] Figure 4 The power distribution device in this system is a typical 360kW power distribution device. If the charging port connected to outlet point 1 currently requires 40kW of power, then power module M1 is first allocated to outlet point 1. If the power requirement of the charging port connected to outlet point 1 changes to 180kW, then K1-2, K1-3, S1, and S9 can be closed to allocate power modules M2, M3, M9, and M4 to outlet point 1. Thus, the power modules can be flexibly allocated to each charging port, and each charging port can output a maximum power of 360kW.

[0076] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a specific example of a 480kW power distribution device according to this application. It should be noted that, for clarity of illustration, Figure 5 Only the first node, second node, first controllable switch, and second controllable switch associated with the negative connection of each power module are shown, and the positive and negative connection terminals of the power modules are not shown.

[0077] like Figure 5 As shown, as an example, when n equals 4, the charging system includes power modules M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, M9, M10, M11 and M12 with a rated power of 40kW, and also includes outlet points 1 to 8.

[0078] In this system, the first node 1-3 in the first switching unit is connected to the first node 4-2 in the fourth switching unit via the second controllable switch S1. The first node 4-3 in the fourth switching unit is connected to the first node 3-2 in the third switching unit via the second controllable switch S2. The first node 3-3 in the third switching unit is connected to the first node 2-2 in the second switching unit via the second controllable switch S3. The first node 2-3 in the second switching unit is connected to the first node 1-2 in the first switching unit via the second controllable switch S4. These first nodes, connected via the second controllable switches, form the first ring network (i.e., the inner ring).

[0079] The second node 1-1 in the first switching unit is connected to the second node 4-1 in the fourth switching unit via the second controllable switch S5. The second node 4-1 in the fourth switching unit is connected to the second node 3-1 in the third switching unit via the second controllable switch S6. The second node 3-1 in the third switching unit is connected to the second node 2-1 in the second switching unit via the second controllable switch S7. The second node 2-1 in the second switching unit is connected to the second node 1-1 in the first switching unit via the second controllable switch S8. After these second nodes are connected via the second controllable switches, a second ring network (i.e., the outer ring) is formed.

[0080] The first node 1-3 in the first switching unit is connected to the first node 4-3 in the fourth switching unit via the second controllable switch S9. The first node 4-3 in the fourth switching unit is connected to the first node 3-3 in the third switching unit via the second controllable switch S10. The first node 3-3 in the third switching unit is connected to the first node 2-3 in the second switching unit via the second controllable switch S11. The first node 2-3 in the second switching unit is connected to the first node 1-3 in the first switching unit via the second controllable switch S12. After the first nodes are connected via the second controllable switches, a quadrilateral (i.e., a cross connection) is formed.

[0081] Figure 5 The power distribution device in this system is a typical 480kW power distribution device. If the charging port connected to outlet point 1 currently requires 40kW of power, then power module M1 is first allocated to outlet point 1. If the power requirement of the charging port connected to outlet point 1 changes to 240kW, then K1-2, K1-3, S1, S9, and S10 can be closed to allocate power modules M2, M3, M12, M10, and M4 to outlet point 1. Thus, each power module can be flexibly allocated to each charging port, and each charging port can output a maximum power of 480kW.

[0082] In some implementations, at least one set of first nodes in the switching unit is connected to a non-adjacent first node in any other switching unit via a set of second controllable switches, including: the two sets of first nodes in the switching unit are respectively connected to any set of first nodes in any non-directly connected switching unit via a set of second controllable switches; or, the two sets of first nodes in the switching unit are respectively connected to any non-directly connected first node in any directly connected switching unit via a set of second controllable switches.

[0083] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the non-directly connected switch unit of the first node refers to a switch unit that is not directly connected to the first node through a set of second controllable switches in the first ring network. For example, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the non-directly connected switch units of the first nodes 1-3 can be the second and third switch units; the direct-connected switch unit of the first nodes 1-3 is the fourth switch unit. Furthermore, the non-directly connected first node in this embodiment refers to a first node that is not directly connected through a set of second controllable switches or a set of first controllable switches in the first ring network. For example, as... Figure 5 As shown, the non-directly connected first nodes of the first node 1-3 can be: first node 2-3, first node 2-2, first node 4-3, etc.; the directly connected first nodes of the first node 1-3 are: first node 1-2 and first node 4-2.

[0084] Specifically, the two sets of first nodes in each switching unit are each connected to any first node in any non-directly connected switching unit. For example, refer to... Figure 4 The first node 1-3 in the first switching unit can be connected to the first node 2-3 or the first node 2-2 in the second switching unit through a set of second controllable switches; the first node 1-2 in the first switching unit can be connected to the first node 3-3 or the first node 3-2 in the third switching unit through a set of second controllable switches.

[0085] Alternatively, the two sets of first nodes in each switching unit are respectively connected to the non-directly connected first nodes in the directly connected switching unit. For example, continue to refer to... Figure 4 The first node 1-3 in the first switching unit can be connected to the first node 3-2 in the directly connected third switching unit through a set of second controllable switches; the first node 1-2 in the first switching unit can be connected to the first node 2-2 in the directly connected second switching unit through a set of second controllable switches.

[0086] It should be noted that the above connection methods can also be combined arbitrarily. That is, one set of first nodes in each switching unit is connected to any first node in any non-directly connected switching unit, and another set of first nodes is connected to the non-directly connected first node in the directly connected switching unit. This will not be elaborated here.

[0087] In some embodiments, when n equals 3, between the first set of first nodes of the first switching unit and the second set of first nodes of the third switching unit, between the first set of first nodes of the third switching unit and the second set of first nodes of the second switching unit, and between the first set of first nodes of the second switching unit and the second set of first nodes of the first switching unit, all are connected by a set of second controllable switches to form a first ring network. Between the first set of first nodes of the first switching unit and the second set of first nodes of the second switching unit, between the first set of first nodes of the second switching unit and the second set of first nodes of the third switching unit, and between the first set of first nodes of the third switching unit and the second set of first nodes of the first switching unit, all are connected by a set of second controllable switches.

[0088] In this embodiment, the two sets of first nodes in each switching unit are respectively cross-connected with the first nodes of two adjacent switching units by a set of second controllable switches to form a shape similar to a "rice" character. Through the cross-connection of the polygon, the invocation of each power module can be made more flexible and the invocation paths are increased.

[0089] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a 360kW power distribution device of another specific example of the present application. It should be noted that for clear display, Figure 6 only the first nodes, second nodes, first controllable switches, and second controllable switches related to the negative connection ends of each power module are shown, and the positive connection ends and negative connection ends of the power modules are not shown.

[0090] As Figure 6 shown, as an example, when n equals 3, the charging system includes power modules M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, and M9 with a rated power of 40kW, and also includes gun outlets 1 to gun outlet 6.

[0091] It should be noted that the connection structure of the inner ring and the outer ring in this topology can refer to the connection structure of the aforementioned first 360kW power distribution device, which will not be elaborated here.

[0092] The difference between this example and the first 360kW power distribution device is as follows: The first node 1-3 in the first switch unit is connected to the first node 2-2 in the second switch unit through the second controllable switch S9. The first node 3-2 in the third switch unit is connected to the first node 2-3 in the second switch unit through the second controllable switch S7. The first node 3-3 in the third switch unit is connected to the first node 1-2 in the first switch unit through the second controllable switch S8. After the above first nodes are connected through the second controllable switches, a "rice" shape (i.e., cross-connection) is formed.

[0093] Figure 6 The power distribution device in [description] is another typical 360kW power distribution device. If the charging interface connected to the gun outlet 1 currently requires 40kW of power, the power module M1 is first allocated to the gun outlet 1. If the required power of the charging interface connected to the gun outlet 1 becomes 180kW, then K1-2, K1-3, S1, and S9 can be closed to allocate the power modules M2, M3, M9, and M6 to the gun outlet 1. Thus, each power module can be flexibly allocated to each charging interface, and each charging interface can output a maximum power of 360kW.

[0094] In some embodiments, when n is equal to 4, between the first set of first nodes of the first switch unit and the second set of first nodes of the fourth switch unit, between the first set of first nodes of the fourth switch unit and the second set of first nodes of the third switch unit, between the first set of first nodes of the third switch unit and the second set of first nodes of the second switch unit, and between the first set of first nodes of the second switch unit and the second set of first nodes of the first switch unit, they are all connected through a set of second controllable switches to form a first ring network. Between the first set of first nodes of the first switch unit and the second set of first nodes of the second switch unit, between the first set of first nodes of the second switch unit and the second set of first nodes of the third switch unit, between the first set of first nodes of the third switch unit and the second set of first nodes of the fourth switch unit, and between the first set of first nodes of the fourth switch unit and the second set of first nodes of the first switch unit, they are all connected through a set of second controllable switches.

[0095] In this embodiment, the two sets of first nodes in each switch unit are cross-connected to the first nodes of two adjacent switch units through a set of second controllable switches, forming a shape similar to a "well" character. Through the cross-connection of polygons, the invocation of each power module can be made more flexible, and the invocation paths are increased.

[0096] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a 480kW power distribution device in another specific example of the present application. It should be noted that for clear display, Figure 7Only the first node, second node, first controllable switch, and second controllable switch associated with the negative connection of each power module are shown, and the positive and negative connection terminals of the power modules are not shown.

[0097] like Figure 7 As shown, as an example, when n equals 4, the charging system includes power modules M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, M9, M10, M11 and M12 with a rated power of 40kW, and also includes outlet points 1 to 8.

[0098] It should be noted that the connection structure of the inner and outer rings in this topology can refer to the connection structure of the first type of 480kW power distribution device mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0099] This example differs from the first 480kW power distribution device in that: the first node 1-2 in the first switching unit is connected to the first node 4-3 in the fourth switching unit via the second controllable switch S9; the first node 4-2 in the fourth switching unit is connected to the first node 3-3 in the third switching unit via the second controllable switch S12; the first node 3-2 in the third switching unit is connected to the first node 2-3 in the second switching unit via the second controllable switch S11; and the first node 2-2 in the second switching unit is connected to the first node 1-3 in the first switching unit via the second controllable switch S10. After these first nodes are connected via the second controllable switches, they form a crisscross pattern (i.e., a cross-connection).

[0100] Figure 7 The power distribution device in this system is a typical 480kW power distribution device. If the charging port connected to outlet point 1 currently requires 40kW of power, then power module M1 is first allocated to outlet point 1. If the power requirement of the charging port connected to outlet point 1 changes to 240kW, then K1-2, K1-3, S1, S9, and S10 can be closed to allocate power modules M2, M3, M12, M10, and M6 to outlet point 1. Thus, each power module can be flexibly allocated to each charging port, and each charging port can output a maximum power of 480kW.

[0101] In some implementations, n switching units form a switching matrix, and the power distribution device includes two switching matrices; the second nodes of any two switching units in one switching matrix are respectively connected to the second nodes of any two switching units in the other switching matrix through a set of second controllable switches.

[0102] In this embodiment, the topology composed of the aforementioned n switching units is called a switching matrix. The power distribution device may include two switching matrices, and the number and connection method of the switching units in these two switching matrices may be the same or different. As an example, one switching matrix may be the first type of 480kW power distribution device described above, and the other switching matrix may be the second type of 480kW power distribution device described above. The number and connection method of the switching units in the two switching matrices can be manually set by the operator according to actual needs, and are not specifically limited here.

[0103] Furthermore, the two switch matrices can be connected by two sets of second controllable switches. Specifically, any two second nodes of one switch matrix can be connected to any two second nodes of the other switch matrix, and the connection is achieved through a set of second controllable switches.

[0104] Therefore, the number of switch matrices can be increased according to demand, and the switch matrices can be connected together using a second controllable switch, thereby realizing the parallel connection of the power modules corresponding to each switch matrix, flexibly distributing the output power of each power module, enabling each charging interface to output a wider power range, and further improving the modularity, scalability and flexibility of the power distribution device.

[0105] In some implementations, the second ring network of one switch matrix has an opening between any two adjacent switch units, and the second ring network of another switch matrix has an opening between any two adjacent switch units; the second nodes of any two adjacent switch units of one switch matrix are respectively connected to the second nodes of any two adjacent switch units of another switch matrix through a set of second controllable switches.

[0106] In this embodiment, when two switch matrices need to be connected, the two adjacent second nodes of one switch matrix can be disconnected without a second controllable switch. Similarly, the two adjacent second nodes of the other switch matrix can also be disconnected without a second controllable switch, thus creating an opening between any two adjacent switch units in the second ring network of the switch matrices. Furthermore, these two switch matrices can be daisy-chained to form a higher power distribution topology. It should be noted that if the power distribution device needs to be designed as a non-integer multiple power distribution topology, this can be achieved by reducing the number of switch units.

[0107] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a specific example of a 720kW power distribution device according to this application. It should be noted that, for clarity of illustration, Figure 8 Only the first node, second node, first controllable switch, and second controllable switch associated with the negative connection of each power module are shown, and the positive and negative connection terminals of the power modules are not shown.

[0108] like Figure 8 As shown in the example, the charging system includes 18 power modules with a rated power of 40kW and 12 charging outlets. The power distribution device includes two switch matrices, each of which includes three sets of three-input, five-output switch units. The connection structure of each switch unit can refer to the connection structure in the previous embodiment, and will not be repeated here. Each charging outlet can output a maximum power of 720kW through its connected charging interface.

[0109] In the first switch matrix, the second node 1-1 of the first switch unit and the second node 2-1 of the second switch unit are not connected. In the second switch matrix, the second node 4-1 of the fourth switch unit and the second node 6-1 of the sixth switch unit are not connected. Further, the second node 1-1 of the first switch unit in the first switch matrix and the second node 4-1 of the fourth switch unit in the second switch matrix are connected via a second controllable switch S6; the second node 2-1 of the second switch unit in the first switch matrix and the second node 6-1 of the sixth switch unit in the second switch matrix are connected via a second controllable switch S13.

[0110] Thus, two switch matrices can be connected in parallel. Compared with the parallel connection method in the previous embodiment, the parallel connection method in this embodiment uses fewer second controllable switches, thereby reducing the cost of power switches.

[0111] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another specific example of a 720kW power distribution device in this application. It should be noted that, for clarity of illustration, Figure 9 Only the first node, second node, first controllable switch, and second controllable switch associated with the negative connection of each power module are shown, and the positive and negative connection terminals of the power modules are not shown.

[0112] It should be noted that, Figure 9 The second type of 720kW power distribution device is only similar to Figure 8 The topology of the switching matrix of the first 720kW power distribution device is different, but everything else is the same, so it will not be described again here.

[0113] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a specific example of a 960kW power distribution device according to this application. It should be noted that, for clarity of illustration, Figure 10 Only the first node, second node, first controllable switch, and second controllable switch associated with the negative connection of each power module are shown, and the positive and negative connection terminals of the power modules are not shown.

[0114] like Figure 10As shown in the example, the charging system includes 24 power modules with a rated power of 40kW and 16 charging outlets. The power distribution device includes two switch matrices, each consisting of four sets of three-input, five-output switch units. The connection structure of each switch unit can refer to the connection structure in the previous embodiment, and will not be repeated here. Each charging outlet can output a maximum power of 960kW through its connected charging interface.

[0115] In the first switch matrix, the second node 1-1 of the first switch unit and the second node 2-1 of the second switch unit are not connected. In the second switch matrix, the second node 5-1 of the fifth switch unit and the second node 8-1 of the eighth switch unit are not connected. Further, the second node 1-1 of the first switch unit of the first switch matrix and the second node 5-1 of the fifth switch unit of the second switch matrix are connected via a second controllable switch S8; the second node 2-1 of the second switch unit of the first switch matrix and the second node 8-1 of the eighth switch unit of the second switch matrix are connected via a second controllable switch S17.

[0116] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another specific example of a 960kW power distribution device in this application. It should be noted that, for clarity of illustration, Figure 11 Only the first node, second node, first controllable switch, and second controllable switch associated with the negative connection of each power module are shown, and the positive and negative connection terminals of the power modules are not shown.

[0117] It should be noted that, Figure 11 The second type of 960kW power distribution device is only similar to Figure 10 The topology of the switching matrix of the first 960kW power distribution device is different, but everything else is the same, so it will not be described again here.

[0118] Figure 12 This is a second schematic diagram of a power distribution device according to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 12 As shown, in some embodiments, the power distribution device may also include a main control unit, a detection unit, a drive unit, and in addition, a basic communication interface and an auxiliary power supply.

[0119] One end of the detection unit is connected to the main control unit, and the other end of the detection unit is connected to each switch unit. The detection unit is used to acquire the status parameters of the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch, and output the status parameters to the main control unit.

[0120] One end of the drive unit is connected to the main control unit, and the other end of the drive unit is connected to each switch unit respectively. The drive unit is used to drive the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch in response to the drive signal.

[0121] The main control unit is used to receive scheduling instructions and status parameters, generate drive signals based on the scheduling instructions and status parameters, and output the drive signals to the drive unit.

[0122] In this embodiment, the main control unit can be a microcontroller, a microcontroller, or a complex programmable logic controller (PLC), etc. The main control unit is mainly used to control the opening and closing of each power switch by controlling the drive unit, thereby scheduling each power module according to the scheduling instructions sent by the controller to realize the power distribution function.

[0123] Furthermore, the detection unit can be composed of various detection devices, such as switch status detection devices, temperature detection devices, voltage detection devices, etc. These detection devices are arranged at each power switch (i.e., the first controllable switch or the second controllable switch mentioned above) to monitor the status parameters of the power switch (e.g., on / off state, temperature, voltage value, etc.).

[0124] The real-time monitoring of the opening and closing status of power switches serves two purposes: first, to determine whether a power switch that needs to be closed is closed, or a power switch that needs to be opened is open, so as to know the control result of the main control unit; second, if a power switch fails to close or open according to the control command, it can be preliminarily judged that the power switch may be faulty, or that a power switch connected to it may be faulty.

[0125] Real-time temperature monitoring of power switches is crucial for ensuring the safety and reliability of power distribution devices. For example, it prevents overheating damage. Power switches generate heat during operation, and poor heat dissipation or excessive load can lead to overheating. Temperature monitoring allows for timely detection of abnormalities and the implementation of corrective measures, preventing damage or fire risks caused by overheating. Furthermore, it extends the lifespan of power switches. Prolonged exposure to high temperatures accelerates the aging process and reduces their lifespan. Therefore, monitoring temperature and implementing cooling measures (such as adding heat sinks or fans) when necessary can effectively extend the operating life of power switches.

[0126] Real-time monitoring of the voltage across the power switch is also crucial for ensuring the safety and reliability of the power distribution device. For example, it allows for fault diagnosis to identify which power switches are faulty; by monitoring the voltage across the power switch, abnormal voltage conditions such as overvoltage, undervoltage, or voltage fluctuations can be detected promptly, indicating potential or impending faults in the power switch. Furthermore, it can protect the power switch by immediately taking measures such as disconnecting it to prevent further damage when the voltage exceeds the normal range.

[0127] The drive unit can be an existing drive circuit. The drive unit is connected to each power switch and is used to drive the power switches to open or close.

[0128] Before the charging system enters the charging process, the main control unit first receives the scheduling command sent by the upper-level controller. Based on the scheduling command, the main control unit outputs drive signals to control each power switch and schedule each power module by controlling the drive unit. During charging, the detection unit monitors the opening and closing status, temperature data, and voltage values ​​on both sides of each power switch in real time, and transmits this data to the main control unit and the upper-level controller. The main control unit can adjust the scheduling path of the power modules based on this data. For example, if a power switch connected to power module 1 malfunctions, the main control unit can disconnect that power switch and find another scheduling path to call power module 1, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the power distribution device.

[0129] Therefore, the main control unit controls the drive unit to schedule each power module; the detection unit detects the status parameters of each power switch in real time and transmits the status parameters to the main control unit and the upper-level controller, so that the main control unit or controller can determine the abnormal power switch and the operating status of each power module based on the status parameters, and can adjust the scheduling path of the power module, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the power distribution device.

[0130] The above provides a detailed introduction to the topology of the power distribution device. Below, referring to the aforementioned topology, we will provide a detailed introduction to the power distribution method configured in the controller of the charging system.

[0131] Figure 13 This is one of the flowcharts of the power allocation method according to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 13 As shown, in some embodiments, the power allocation method may include the following steps: Step 1310: Designate at least two firing points in all switching units as target firing points.

[0132] Step 1320: Control the charging interface corresponding to each target firing point to connect to the same charging terminal of the charging system, wherein each target firing point is located in a different switching unit.

[0133] In this embodiment, each output point in the switch matrix can be connected to a charging terminal via a charging interface to charge electric vehicles as a regular charging terminal (e.g., an air-cooled charging terminal). To improve charging efficiency, multiple output points in the switch matrix can be connected in parallel and connected to the same charging terminal via a charging interface to charge electric vehicles as a high-power charging terminal (e.g., an oil-immersed or liquid-cooled charging terminal). It should be noted that in this embodiment, the output points connected to the same charging terminal and merging their outputs are called target output points. Furthermore, to ensure minimal overlap of the available power modules for each target output point and to guarantee better calling flexibility, each target output point must be located in a different switch unit.

[0134] Therefore, by using some charging terminals as ordinary charging terminals and others as high-power charging terminals, a mixed layout of different power levels and types of terminals is achieved, effectively improving the charging flexibility and adaptability of the charging system. For example, during peak charging hours, if multiple electric vehicles need rapid charging, multiple target charging points can be combined and connected to a high-power charging terminal, aggregating the output power of multiple power modules to achieve ultra-fast charging; while during off-peak hours, each charging point can be independently connected to an ordinary charging terminal to meet the needs of multiple low-speed charging vehicles and avoid idle power resources.

[0135] The specific implementation method is as follows: the output side of each charging interface in the charging system can be connected by a set of switching devices; when it is necessary to connect two outlet points in parallel, the controller in the charging system can control the switching devices between the charging interfaces that connect the two outlet points to close, so as to connect the two outlet points in parallel and then connect the two charging interfaces to the same charging terminal.

[0136] refer to Figure 4 As an example, the controller can merge gun outlet points 1 and 4 as target gun outlet points. This allows the charging interfaces connected to gun outlet points 1 and 4 to be connected in parallel, enabling them to be connected to the same charging terminal for high-power charging. Meanwhile, the charging interfaces connected to gun outlet points 2, 3, 5, and 6 are each connected to a separate charging terminal for standard air-cooled charging.

[0137] In some implementations, multiple high-power charging terminals can be combined across all switching units of the power distribution device. (See reference) Figure 8As an example, the controller can use gun outlet points 1, 4, 8, and 10 as target gun outlet points. The charging interfaces connected to gun outlet point 1 and 4 are connected in parallel to the same charging terminal. Similarly, the charging interfaces connected to gun outlet point 8 and 10 are connected in parallel to the same charging terminal. This results in two high-power charging terminals, while the charging terminals connected to the other gun outlet points function as ordinary air-cooled charging terminals.

[0138] In some implementations, using at least two firing points from all switching units as target firing points may include: determining at least one firing point from each switching unit as a target firing point, or using any one firing point from at least two non-adjacent switching units as a target firing point.

[0139] Specifically, when selecting the target firing point for merging, at least one firing point in each switching unit can be selected as the target firing point for unified merging or group merging. (Reference) Figure 6 As an example, it can be Figure 6 The first switch unit's outlet point 1, the second switch unit's outlet point 3, and the third switch unit's outlet point 5 are designated as target outlet points. The charging interfaces connected to these three target outlet points are then connected to the same charging terminal to obtain a high-power charging terminal. The charging interfaces connected to outlet points 2, 4, and 6 are each connected to a separate charging terminal, serving as a standard air-cooled charging terminal.

[0140] Alternatively, one firing point can be selected from each of the two non-adjacent switching units as the target firing point. (Reference) Figure 7 As an example, it can be Figure 7 The outlet points 1 of the first switching unit and 6 of the third switching unit are used as target outlet points, and the charging interfaces connected to these two target outlet points are connected to the same charging terminal to obtain a high-power charging terminal. The charging interfaces connected to outlet points 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 8 are each connected to a charging terminal to serve as a regular air-cooled charging terminal.

[0141] As an example, Figure 7 The firing points 1 and 6 can be combined into one high-power firing point, or firing points 2 and 5 can be combined into one high-power firing point, or firing points 3 and 8 can be combined into one high-power firing point, or firing points 4 and 7 can be combined into one high-power firing point. Figure 4 The firing points 1 and 4 can be combined into one high-power firing point, or firing points 2 and 5 can be combined into one high-power firing point, or firing points 3 and 6 can be combined into one high-power firing point.

[0142] As another example, Figure 8 The firing points 1 and 11 can be merged into one firing point, or firing points 2 and 12 can be merged into one firing point, or firing points 3 and 7 can be merged into one firing point, or firing points 4 and 8 can be merged into one firing point, or firing points 5 and 9 can be merged into one firing point, or firing points 6 and 10 can be merged into one firing point.

[0143] Figure 10 The firing points 1 and 15 can be combined into one high-power firing point, or firing points 2 and 16 can be combined into one high-power firing point, or firing points 3 and 13 can be combined into one high-power firing point, or firing points 4 and 12 can be combined into one high-power firing point, or firing points 5 and 11 can be combined into one high-power firing point, or firing points 6 and 10 can be combined into one high-power firing point, or firing points 7 and 9 can be combined into one high-power firing point, or firing points 8 and 14 can be combined into one high-power firing point.

[0144] Merging the output points of non-adjacent switching units effectively reduces the overlap of power module call paths for different target output points, improving the flexibility and redundancy of power allocation. For example, if the output points of adjacent switching units are merged, the power modules called by closing a set of power switches may be concentrated on the power modules corresponding to two adjacent switching units. If the power switches of these two switching units fail, the power output of the high-power charging terminal will be significantly affected. In addition, if the charging power demand is large, other power modules need to be called through a longer call path, which will not only cause more power loss, but also cause a large current to flow through the power switches, thus affecting the lifespan of the power switches. However, when the output points of non-adjacent switching units are merged, the power modules that can be called by each target output point are more dispersed, thereby ensuring the stable output of the high-power charging terminal. In some implementations, using at least two firing points in all switching units as target firing points may include: using at least two firing points in all switching units as target firing points, wherein at least one target firing point satisfies a preset condition.

[0145] It should be noted that the preset conditions in this embodiment include the number of directly connected first controllable switches and / or second controllable switches exceeding a preset number, that is, the firing point with more switch branches can be selected as the target firing point.

[0146] Specifically, when selecting the merging output points, output points where the number of directly connected first and / or second controllable switches exceeds a preset number can be selected as target output points. It is understood that such output points can access more power modules by closing a single power switch, and can maximize the flexibility of power allocation. It should be noted that the preset number in this embodiment can be determined based on the topology of the switch matrix. For example, if the output point with the most directly connected power switches (i.e., the most switch branches) in the switch matrix connects to a total of 6 power switches, then the preset number can be set to 5.

[0147] As an example, such as Figure 4 As shown, if the output point 1 of the first switching unit needs to be merged with one output point, assuming that the output points that the output point 1 of the first switching unit can choose to merge include output point 3 and output point 4, but since the number of power switches (i.e., switch branches) directly connected to output point 3 is 5 and the number of power switches (i.e. switch branches) directly connected to output point 4 is 4, output point 3 can call more power modules by closing a power switch compared to output point 4, and the calling flexibility is stronger. Therefore, output point 3 can be selected as the target output point to merge with output point 1.

[0148] Figure 14 This is a second flowchart of the power allocation method according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 14 As shown, in some embodiments, using at least two firing points in all switching units as target firing points may include the following steps: Step 1410: Obtain the required power for each charging port.

[0149] Step 1420: For any charging interface, if the power demand of the charging interface exceeds the preset power, the outlet point corresponding to the charging interface and at least one outlet point of each switching unit shall be taken as the target outlet point, or any outlet point of at least two switching units that are not adjacent to the outlet point corresponding to the charging interface shall be taken as the target outlet point.

[0150] It should be noted that the preset power can be set according to the maximum output power of a typical air-cooled charging terminal; no specific limitation is made to the preset power here.

[0151] Specifically, in practical applications, each charging nozzle can initially be connected to a charging terminal via a charging interface, ensuring that each nozzle can meet the standard charging power requirements (i.e., the maximum output power of a standard air-cooled charging terminal). Further, the controller acquires the power requirements of each charging interface. If the power requirements of each charging interface do not exceed a preset power, there is no need to merge the charging nozzles; the current standard charging terminal can be used directly for charging. For standard charging power requirements, the controller can employ allocation strategies such as horizontal allocation, vertical allocation, configuration table allocation, left branch allocation, and right branch allocation to allocate power modules to the charging terminal.

[0152] refer to Figure 4 Horizontal allocation example: If the power requirement of the charging interface corresponding to outlet point 1 is 100kW, the controller can allocate power module 1, power module 2, and power module 3 to outlet point 1 by closing the first controllable switch K1-2 and the first controllable switch K1-3. Vertical allocation example: Similarly, if the power requirement of the charging interface corresponding to outlet point 1 is 100kW, the controller can allocate power module 1, power module 4, and power module 5 to outlet point 1 by closing the first controllable switch K2-2 and the second controllable switch S9. Other allocation strategies are existing allocation strategies and will not be described in detail here.

[0153] If the power demand of a certain charging port exceeds the preset power, the charging outlets need to be combined into a high-power charging terminal for charging. When combining the charging outlets, the charging outlet corresponding to the current charging port needs to be selected as the target charging outlet first, and then other target charging outlets are selected according to the target charging outlet selection strategy described above. The specific process of selecting target charging outlets can be referred to the process in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0154] In some implementations, after controlling the charging interfaces corresponding to each target firing point to be connected to the same charging terminal of the charging system, the power distribution method may further include: Based on the connection relationship between the first and second controllable switches and the required power, a scheduling instruction is generated according to a preset allocation strategy. The scheduling instruction is used to instruct the power allocation device to control the opening or closing of the first and second controllable switches.

[0155] Specifically, after obtaining the power requirements of each charging interface, the controller can allocate power modules to each charging interface based on the topology of the power distribution device and the power requirements of each charging interface, generate corresponding scheduling instructions, and send the scheduling instructions to the main control unit of the power distribution device. The main control unit of the power distribution device determines the power module scheduling path for each charging interface according to the scheduling instructions, then determines the power switches that need to be closed based on the power module scheduling path, and further generates drive signals to control the drive unit, thereby controlling the closing and opening of each power switch on the scheduling path, and finally realizing the allocation of power modules.

[0156] In this embodiment, the controller also needs to allocate power to each target firing point after merging according to the preset allocation strategy proposed in this embodiment. This application embodiment provides the following two preset allocation strategies (i.e., the first allocation strategy and the second allocation strategy), which are described in detail below.

[0157] Figure 15 This is the third flowchart of the power allocation method according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 15 As shown, in some embodiments, generating scheduling instructions based on the connection relationship between the first and second controllable switches, the required power, and according to the first allocation strategy may include the following steps: Step 1510: Designate any one of the target firing points as the primary target firing point, and designate the remaining target firing points as secondary target firing points.

[0158] Step 1520: Determine the available power modules corresponding to the main target firing point and each auxiliary target firing point based on the power requirements of each charging interface.

[0159] Step 1530: Based on the connection relationship between the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch, and the power demand of the charging terminal connected to each target gun outlet, prioritize the allocation of the available power module corresponding to the main target gun outlet, and then allocate the available power module corresponding to each auxiliary target gun outlet, until the power demand of the charging terminal is met.

[0160] It should be noted that the available power module corresponding to the target firing point may include an unused power module connected to the target firing point through a set of second controllable switches and / or a set of first controllable switches, that is, an idle power module that the target firing point can call upon through only a set of second controllable switches and / or a set of first controllable switches.

[0161] The first allocation strategy is a primary branch priority allocation strategy. When the power demand of a certain charging port exceeds the preset power, the controller can designate any one of the target charging ports as the primary target charging port and the remaining target charging ports as secondary target charging ports. For example, the charging port corresponding to the charging port whose power demand exceeds the preset power can be designated as the primary target charging port, and the remaining target charging ports can be designated as secondary target charging ports.

[0162] Furthermore, the controller can monitor the operating status of each power module in real time. The controller can determine the available power module corresponding to each target firing point based on the operating status of each power module or the power demand of each charging interface. The available power module needs to meet the following conditions: First, the power module is not occupied (i.e., not working); second, the power module is connected to the target firing point through a set of second controllable switches, or through a set of first controllable switches, or through a set of second controllable switches and a set of first controllable switches.

[0163] After determining the available power modules at each target charging point, the controller can allocate power according to the switching unit topology of the power distribution device and the power demand of the high-power charging terminal, following the first allocation strategy. At this point, according to the main-branch priority allocation principle (i.e., the first allocation strategy), the available power modules corresponding to the main target charging point are allocated first; if the charging demand cannot be met, the available power modules corresponding to the auxiliary target charging points are then allocated, and the output power of the target charging points is combined to meet the high-power charging demand.

[0164] If the demand for high-power charging is particularly high, the three charging outlets can be combined into one to provide an extra-large charging power. Priority will still be given to allocating the available power module corresponding to the primary target charging outlet. If this is insufficient, the available power module corresponding to secondary target charging outlet 1 will be allocated. If this is still insufficient, the available power module corresponding to secondary target charging outlet 2 will be allocated. If the charging power demand continues to increase, the four or five charging outlets can be combined for output.

[0165] refer to Figure 5 As an example, if the power demand of the charging port corresponding to firing point 1 exceeds the preset power, firing point 1 and firing point 6 can be merged as target firing points. Firing point 1 can be set as the primary target firing point, and firing point 6 as the secondary target firing point.

[0166] During allocation, power modules 1, 2, and 3 corresponding to charging point 1 can be allocated to the charging terminal by closing the first controllable switches K1-2 and K1-3. If the required power exceeds 120kW, power modules 4, 5, and 6 corresponding to charging point 1 can also be allocated to the charging terminal by closing the second controllable switch S10, the first controllable switch K2-2, and the first controllable switch K2-3. Furthermore, power modules 10, 11, and 12 corresponding to charging point 1 can be allocated to the charging terminal by closing the second controllable switch S1, the first controllable switch K4-1, and the first controllable switch K4-3.

[0167] If the required power is still not met, the power modules 7, 8, and 9 corresponding to the charging point 6 are allocated to the charging terminal by closing the first controllable switch K3-1 and the first controllable switch K3-2. Therefore, after the charging points 1 and 6 are combined, power modules 1 to 12 can be allocated to the charging terminal, and each power module needs to be called through a maximum of two power switches, thereby preventing power loss caused by excessively long paths.

[0168] In practical applications, the controller can first calculate the output power of the available power module corresponding to gun point 1 based on the required power. If the power requirement is met, no further available power module will be allocated to gun point 6. If the power requirement is not met, the output power of the available power module corresponding to gun point 6 will be calculated.

[0169] Figure 16 This is the fourth flowchart of the power allocation method according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 16 As shown, in some embodiments, generating scheduling instructions based on the connection relationship between the first and second controllable switches, the required power, and according to the second allocation strategy may include the following steps: Step 1610: Determine the available power module corresponding to each target gun output point based on the power required by each charging interface.

[0170] Step 1620: Based on the connection relationship between the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch, and the power demand of the charging terminal connected to each target outlet point, the available power modules corresponding to each target outlet point are evenly distributed until the power demand of the charging terminal is met.

[0171] It should be noted that the available power modules corresponding to the target firing point may include unused power modules connected to the target firing point via a set of second controllable switches and / or a set of first controllable switches. That is, idle power modules that the target firing point can access simply through a set of second controllable switches and / or a set of first controllable switches. Preset rules include evenly distributing the available power modules corresponding to each target firing point, or prioritizing the allocation of the available power modules from the target firing point with the largest number of available power modules.

[0172] The second allocation strategy can be an average allocation strategy. When the power demand of a certain charging port exceeds the preset power, the controller can allocate the available power modules of the two target charging ports equally according to the principle of average allocation of output power to the target charging ports until the power demand is met.

[0173] Furthermore, the controller can monitor the working status of each power module in real time, and the controller can determine the available power module corresponding to each target gun output point based on the working status of each power module or the power required by each charging interface.

[0174] After determining the available power modules at each target charging point, the controller can allocate power according to the switching unit topology of the power distribution device and the power demand of the high-power charging terminal, following the second allocation strategy. At this point, based on the principle of average allocation (i.e., the second allocation strategy), the available power modules at each target charging point can be allocated in turn until the required power is met.

[0175] If the demand for high-power charging is particularly large, the three charging outlets can be combined into one to provide a super-high charging power, while still allocating the available power modules of each target charging outlet in turn. If the charging power demand continues to increase, the four or five charging outlets can be combined for output.

[0176] Continue to refer to Figure 5 As an example, if the power demand of the charging interface corresponding to gun outlet 1 exceeds the preset power, gun outlet 1 and gun outlet 6 can be merged as target gun outlets.

[0177] During allocation, power module 1 corresponding to gun point 1 can be allocated first, then power module 8 corresponding to gun point 6 can be allocated, and then available power modules corresponding to gun point 1 can be allocated. The available power modules of gun point 1 and gun point 6 can be allocated in turn until the required power is met.

[0178] Assuming the required power is 120kW, power module 1 corresponding to gun point 1 and power module 8 corresponding to gun point 6 can be allocated first. Then, power module 2 corresponding to gun point 1 can be allocated by closing the first controllable switch K1-2. If the required power increases to 240kW, the first controllable switch K3-2, the first controllable switch K1-1, and the first controllable switch K3-1 can be closed sequentially to allocate power module 3 corresponding to gun point 1, power module 7 corresponding to gun point 6, and power module 9 to the charging terminal to meet the required power.

[0179] If one of the target firing points does not have a power module available for allocation during the allocation process, the remaining target firing points will continue to allocate power until the required power is met or all available power modules are allocated.

[0180] Similarly, by merging outlet points 1 and 6, power modules 1 to 12 can be allocated to the charging terminal, and each power module needs to be activated through a maximum of two power switches to prevent power loss caused by excessively long paths. In practical applications, the controller can simultaneously calculate the output power of the available power modules corresponding to outlet points 1 and 6 based on the required power.

[0181] Figure 17 This is the fifth flowchart of the power allocation method according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 17 As shown, in some embodiments, generating scheduling instructions based on the connection relationship between the first and second controllable switches, the required power, and according to the second allocation strategy may include the following steps: Step 1710: Determine the available power module corresponding to each target gun output point based on the power required by each charging interface.

[0182] Step 1720: Based on the connection relationship between the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch, and the power demand of the charging terminal connected to each target outlet point, select the optimal allocation scheme to allocate the available power modules corresponding to each target outlet point until the power demand of the charging terminal is met.

[0183] It should be noted that the available power modules corresponding to the target firing point may include unoccupied and unallocated power modules connected to the target firing point through a set of second controllable switches and / or a set of first controllable switches. That is, the target firing point can be called up by only a set of second controllable switches and / or a set of first controllable switches, and there are no idle power modules allocated to other firing points.

[0184] The second allocation strategy can be the optimal power output allocation strategy. When the power demand of a certain charging port exceeds the preset power, the controller can pre-allocate power modules according to the principle that each outlet point meets its power demand. When allocating power modules to high-power charging terminals, the optimal allocation scheme can be selected for power allocation. The optimal allocation scheme is not limited to: having the most power modules that can be allocated, and having the least impact on the power module allocation of other charging terminals.

[0185] Furthermore, the controller can monitor the working status of each power module in real time, and the controller can determine the available power module corresponding to each target gun output point based on the working status of each power module or the power required by each charging interface.

[0186] After determining the available power modules for each target charging point, the controller can prioritize allocating the available power modules for the target charging point with the largest number of available power modules, based on the switching unit topology of the power distribution device and the power demand of the high-power charging terminal. At this point, according to the optimal power output allocation principle, power modules are pre-allocated to ensure that each charging point meets its power demand, without allocating power modules that would affect the normal output of other charging terminals to the high-power charging terminal, until the power demand is met.

[0187] If the demand for high-power charging is particularly large, the three charging nozzles can be combined into one to provide extra-high charging power. If the demand for charging power continues to increase, the four or five charging nozzles can be combined for output.

[0188] Continue to refer to Figure 5 As an example, if the power demand of the charging interface corresponding to gun outlet 1 exceeds the preset power, gun outlet 1 and gun outlet 6 can be merged as target gun outlets.

[0189] During allocation, the controller can first determine which switching unit has fewer occupied power modules (power modules 1 to 3) corresponding to gun point 1 and power modules 7 to 9 corresponding to gun point 6, and prioritize the allocation of power modules corresponding to the switching unit with fewer occupied power modules. For example, if power module 3 is already occupied by gun point 2, then the available power modules corresponding to gun point 6 can be allocated first, namely power modules 7, 8, 9, 5, 6, 11, etc. If the required power is still not met, then power modules 1, 12, 10, etc. corresponding to gun point 1 can be allocated.

[0190] Assuming that outlet points 2, 8, and 4 all have charging needs, and outlet point 2 requires 60kW of power, then only power module 2 and power module 3 can be allocated to outlet point 2. Therefore, power module 3 cannot be used as a usable power module for outlet point 1, because power module 3 has already been allocated to outlet point 2.

[0191] Assuming both charging points 2 and 8 have charging needs, and charging point 2 requires a power output of 60kW, then in addition to power module 2, power module 3 or power module 5 can also be allocated to charging point 2. Power module 3 can then be used as a backup power module for charging point 1, since charging point 2 has other available power modules to meet its power requirements. This ensures minimal impact on the power module allocation to other charging terminals.

[0192] It is worth noting that when merging high-power target firing points, it is necessary to consider that the high-power output can call all power modules and can use the shortest path to call them, so as to avoid mutual interference between multiple firing points as much as possible.

[0193] In some implementations, the controller can also adjust the power allocation strategy according to the type of charging terminal corresponding to each charging point. For example, when allocating power modules to high-power charging terminals, only power modules directly connected to the switching unit of ordinary air-cooled charging terminals are allocated, and power modules directly connected to the switching unit of other high-power charging terminals are not allocated, thereby prioritizing the charging needs of high-power charging terminals and avoiding allocation conflicts between different high-power charging terminals.

[0194] refer to Figure 8 As an example, if outlet point 1 and outlet point 11 are combined and connected to a high-power liquid-cooled charging terminal; outlet point 3 and outlet point 7 are combined and connected to a high-power liquid-cooled charging terminal; and the remaining outlet points are each connected to a separate ordinary air-cooled charging terminal.

[0195] Based on the power demand of the high-power liquid-cooled charging terminal corresponding to outlet point 1, the total available power of the power modules directly connected to the switching units corresponding to outlet point 1 and outlet point 11 is determined first; if the power modules directly connected to outlet point 1 and outlet point 11 cannot meet the power demand, the power modules directly connected to the switching units corresponding to the ordinary air-cooled charging terminal are called first.

[0196] Specifically, the power modules directly connected to the switching units corresponding to nozzle point 1 and nozzle point 11 are prioritized, namely power modules 1 to 3 and power modules 16 to 18. If the required power cannot be met, power modules 7 to 9 from the available power modules of nozzle point 1, or power modules 13 to 15 from the available power modules of nozzle point 11, are prioritized. This ensures the availability of power for high-power liquid cooling terminals and prevents power conflicts between different high-power liquid cooling terminals.

[0197] By employing the power allocation methods described above for high-power charging terminals, the overall utilization rate of power modules can be maximized while meeting the high-power charging demands. This avoids situations where a single charging gun point occupies a large number of power modules for an extended period, preventing other charging ports from functioning properly. For example, when multiple charging terminals are connected simultaneously, the main-branch priority strategy ensures that terminals with high power demands quickly receive sufficient power support, while the average allocation strategy balances the power module occupancy of each charging gun point. The optimal allocation strategy, through intelligent judgment, reduces interference to other terminals. These three strategies can be flexibly switched according to the actual scenario.

[0198] Furthermore, the design, which involves the power module calling path passing through a maximum of two power switches, effectively reduces power transmission losses, improves energy efficiency, simplifies circuit control logic, reduces the probability of malfunctions, and makes the entire charging system more stable and reliable. This flexible and efficient power allocation mechanism not only adapts to charging terminals with different power requirements but also enables reasonable scheduling of power resources in complex scenarios with multiple terminals charging concurrently, providing users with a better charging experience.

[0199] In some implementations, at least two outlet points in all switching units are designated as target outlet points, and the charging interface corresponding to each target outlet point is controlled to connect to the same charging terminal of the charging system. This may include: Obtain the required power of each charging interface; for any charging interface, determine the total output power of the available power modules connected to the switch unit where the corresponding outlet point of the charging interface is located. If the total output power meets the required power of the charging interface, allocate the available power modules connected to the switch unit where the corresponding outlet point of the charging interface is located to the charging interface. If the total output power does not meet the required power of the charging interface, select a target outlet point from the outlet points of other switch units based on the preset priority and the required power of the charging interface, and control the charging interface and the charging interface corresponding to each target outlet point to connect to the same charging terminal of the charging system, and allocate the available power modules connected to the switch unit where each target outlet point of the charging interface is located to the charging interface according to the preset priority; wherein, the available power modules corresponding to the outlet point include unoccupied power modules connected to the outlet point through a set of second controllable switches and / or a set of first controllable switches, and the preset priority is determined based on the first ring network and the proximity relationship with the outlet point corresponding to the charging interface.

[0200] It should be noted that the total output power refers to the maximum power that all available power modules connected to the switching unit can output.

[0201] Specifically, in practical applications, the controller can first obtain the required power of each charging port. Further, taking a single charging port as an example, the controller calculates the total output power of the available power modules corresponding to the switching unit directly connected to that charging port. If the total output power meets the required power, the controller directly allocates the available power modules of the switching unit directly connected to that charging port to that charging port.

[0202] If the total output power does not meet the required power, the number of output points that need to be combined is determined based on the required power of each charging interface. For example, if the required power is 240kW, one power module can output 40kW, and the total output power corresponding to one switching unit is 120kW, then at least three more available power modules are needed. The number of output points that need to be combined can then be determined based on the current requirements of each charging interface.

[0203] Furthermore, the target charging point is selected from the charging points of other switching units according to a preset priority. The preset priority can be determined based on the topology of the first ring network and the proximity of the charging point to the corresponding charging interface. It should be noted that the proximity can be characterized by the number of nodes between the charging point and the target charging point on the first ring network. The more nodes between the charging point and the target charging point, the farther away it is considered, and the fewer nodes between the charging points, the closer it is considered.

[0204] For example, such as Figure 5As shown, the charging interface corresponds to the gun outlet point 1. The preset priority can be: the priority of the fourth switch unit is greater than the priority of the second switch unit, which is greater than the priority of the third switch unit. After determining the priority of the switch unit, the priority of each node in the switch unit can be determined according to the distance relationship. For example, the first node 4-2 in the fourth switch unit has fewer interval nodes with the gun outlet point 1. Therefore, the priority of the first node 4-2 is greater than the priority of the first node 4-3 and the second node 4-1.

[0205] Furthermore, based on the preset priority and the strategy for selecting the target outlet point in the aforementioned embodiment, a more suitable merged outlet point can be selected for outlet point 1. In this embodiment, outlet points that are farther away from the outlet corresponding to the charging interface (i.e., have a larger number of interval nodes) are preferentially selected as target outlet points. Therefore, the target outlet point can be selected from the switch unit with the lowest priority.

[0206] Furthermore, the charging interface and the charging interface corresponding to each target gun outlet are connected to the same charging terminal of the charging system, and the available power modules connected to the switching unit where each target gun outlet is located are allocated to the charging interface according to a preset priority. It should be noted that when allocating power modules, the priority of the switching unit where the merged target gun outlet is located is higher than the priority of other switching units, and the priority of other switching units is still determined according to the topology and proximity of the first ring network.

[0207] Continue to refer to Figure 5 Assuming that the target outlet selected for merging outlet point 1 is outlet point 6, if the total output power of the switch unit where outlet point 1 is located does not meet its required power, then according to the preset priority: switch unit where outlet point 6 is located (i.e., the third switch unit) > fourth switch unit > second switch unit, first determine whether the total output power meets the required power after adding the available power module corresponding to the switch unit where outlet point 6 is located; if it does not meet the required power, then determine whether the total output power meets the required power after adding the available power module corresponding to the fourth switch unit, and so on, until the required power of the charging interface corresponding to outlet point 1 is met.

[0208] It should be noted that for details not disclosed in the power distribution method of this embodiment, please refer to the details disclosed in the embodiments of the power distribution device in this specification, which will not be repeated here.

[0209] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a charging system, including a power distribution device, a controller, multiple power modules, at least two charging interfaces, and at least two charging terminals as described above, with each charging interface connected to a corresponding charging terminal.

[0210] The controller is connected to each power module and each charging interface respectively. The controller is used to execute the power allocation method described above, specifically including: obtaining the required power of each charging interface, and generating scheduling instructions according to the first allocation strategy and the second allocation strategy based on the connection relationship of the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch in the power allocation device and the required power.

[0211] The power distribution device is connected to the controller, each power module and each charging interface respectively. The power distribution device is used to control the opening or closing of the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch based on the scheduling command, so as to distribute the output power of each power module to each charging terminal.

[0212] It should be noted that for details not disclosed in the charging system of this embodiment, please refer to the details disclosed in the embodiment of the power distribution device in this specification, which will not be repeated here.

[0213] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a controller. Figure 18 An example of a schematic diagram of the physical structure of a controller is shown, such as... Figure 18 As shown, the controller may include a processor 1810, a communication interface 1820, a memory 1830, and a communication bus 1840, wherein the processor 1810, the communication interface 1820, and the memory 1830 communicate with each other through the communication bus 1840. The processor 1810 can call logic instructions in the memory 1830 to execute a power allocation method, which includes: designating at least two outlet points in all switching units as target outlet points; controlling the charging interface corresponding to each target outlet point to connect to the same charging terminal of the charging system, wherein each target outlet point is located in a different switching unit.

[0214] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 1830 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0215] Based on the above embodiments, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the power allocation method provided by the above methods. The method includes: taking at least two outlet points in all switching units as target outlet points; controlling the charging interface corresponding to each target outlet point to connect to the same charging terminal of the charging system, wherein each target outlet point is located in a different switching unit.

[0216] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0217] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0218] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power distribution method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a power distribution device, which includes n switching units and m sets of second controllable switches, where n and m are integers greater than 1. Each switching unit includes two sets of first nodes, one set of second nodes, and three sets of first controllable switches. The two sets of first nodes and second nodes are connected to each other through a set of first controllable switches. The two sets of first nodes and second nodes are respectively connected to corresponding power modules in the charging system. At least one set of first nodes and / or second nodes serves as a gun outlet and is connected to a charging interface. Adjacent first nodes in all switching units are sequentially connected through a set of second controllable switches to form a first ring network. The method includes: taking at least two gun outlets in all switching units as target gun outlets, controlling the charging interface corresponding to each target gun outlet to connect to the same charging terminal in the charging system, wherein each target gun outlet is located in a different switching unit.

2. The power distribution method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of designating at least two firing points in all the switching units as target firing points includes: At least one firing point is determined from each of the switching units as the target firing point, or any one of at least two non-adjacent firing points is determined as the target firing point.

3. The power distribution method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of designating at least two firing points in all the switching units as target firing points includes: At least two of the firing points in all the switching units are designated as target firing points, wherein at least one of the target firing points satisfies a preset condition; The preset conditions include the number of directly connected first controllable switches and / or second controllable switches exceeding a preset number.

4. The power distribution method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of designating at least two firing points in all the switching units as target firing points includes: Obtain the required power for each of the aforementioned charging interfaces; For any charging interface, if the power demand of the charging interface exceeds the preset power, the outlet point corresponding to the charging interface and at least one outlet point of each of the switching units shall be taken as the target outlet point, or any outlet point of at least two switching units that are not adjacent to the outlet point corresponding to the charging interface shall be taken as the target outlet point.

5. The power distribution method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After controlling the charging interfaces corresponding to each of the target firing points to be connected to the same charging terminal of the charging system, the method further includes: Based on the connection relationship between the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch, the required power for each switch, and a scheduling instruction is generated according to a preset allocation strategy. The scheduling instruction is used to instruct the power allocation device to control the opening or closing of the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch.

6. The power distribution method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preset allocation strategy includes a first allocation strategy, which generates scheduling instructions based on the connection relationship between the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch, the required power of each switch, and the first allocation strategy, including: Take any one of the target firing points as the primary target firing point, and the remaining target firing points as secondary target firing points; The available power modules corresponding to the main target firing point and each of the auxiliary target firing points are determined based on the power requirements of each of the charging interfaces. Based on the connection relationship between the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch, and the power requirements of the charging terminals connected to each of the target gun outlets, the available power modules corresponding to the main target gun outlets are allocated first, and then the available power modules corresponding to each of the auxiliary target gun outlets are allocated until the power requirements of the charging terminals are met. The available power module corresponding to the target firing point includes an unused power module connected to the target firing point via a set of second controllable switches and / or a set of first controllable switches.

7. The power distribution method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preset allocation strategy includes a second allocation strategy, which generates scheduling instructions based on the connection relationship between the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch, the required power of each switch, and according to the second allocation strategy, including: The available power module corresponding to each target gun outlet is determined based on the power required by each of the charging interfaces. Based on the connection relationship between the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch, the power requirement of the charging terminal connected to each target outlet point, and based on preset rules, the available power module corresponding to each target outlet point is allocated until the power requirement of the charging terminal is met. The available power modules corresponding to the target firing point include unoccupied and unallocated power modules connected to the target firing point via a set of second controllable switches and / or a set of first controllable switches; the preset rules include evenly allocating the available power modules corresponding to each target firing point, or preferentially allocating the available power modules of the target firing point with the largest number of available power modules.

8. The power distribution method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of taking at least two of the gun-dispensing points in all the switching units as target gun-dispensing points and controlling the charging interface corresponding to each target gun-dispensing point to connect to the same charging terminal of the charging system includes: Obtain the required power for each of the aforementioned charging interfaces; For any charging interface, determine the total output power of the available power module connected to the switch unit where the corresponding outlet point of the charging interface is located. If the total output power meets the power requirement of the charging interface, allocate the available power module connected to the switch unit where the corresponding outlet point of the charging interface is located to the charging interface. If the total output power does not meet the power requirement of the charging interface, select a target outlet point from the outlet points of other switch units based on a preset priority and the power requirement of the charging interface, and control the charging interface and the charging interfaces corresponding to each target outlet point to connect to the same charging terminal of the charging system. Also, allocate the available power module connected to the switch unit where each target outlet point of the charging interface is located to the charging interface according to the preset priority. The available power modules corresponding to the gun outlet include unused power modules connected to the gun outlet via a set of second controllable switches and / or a set of first controllable switches. The preset priority is determined based on the first ring network and the proximity relationship between the gun outlet and the charging interface.

9. The power distribution method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, In all the switch units, adjacent second nodes are sequentially connected by a set of second controllable switches to form a second ring network. In the switch units, at least one set of first nodes is connected to any other switch unit's non-adjacent first node by a set of second controllable switches.

10. A charging system, characterized in that, It includes a power distribution device, a controller, multiple power modules, at least two charging interfaces, and at least two charging terminals, with each of the charging interfaces connected to a corresponding charging terminal. The controller is connected to each of the power modules and each of the charging interfaces respectively, and the controller is used to execute the power distribution method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; The power distribution device is connected to the controller, each of the power modules and each of the charging interfaces respectively. The power distribution device is used to control the opening or closing of the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch based on the scheduling command issued by the controller, so as to distribute the output power of each of the power modules to each of the charging terminals.

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