A fire extinguishing or fire retarding agent which can be used for extensive fires or for preventing fires

Abstract

The present application aims at providing a fire extinguishing agent or fire retardant agent which can be used for widely fire or preventing fire, belongs to the technical field of refrigeration heat pump and the technical field of fire fighting, and is a new mixed fire retardant agent which is composed of two or three components in hexafluoropropene, trifluoroiodomethane and 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane by using a conventional physical mixing method. The fire retardant agent has excellent fire retardant and fire extinguishing effect, excellent environmental protection performance, and can be used as a new mixed working component in a heat system, and has good cycle performance. Therefore, the present application has very good application effect and development potential.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the fields of refrigeration and heat pump technology and fire protection technology, specifically relating to a fire extinguishing agent or flame retardant that can be used for a wide range of fires or fire prevention. Background Technology

[0002] New HFOs and HC-type working fluids have strong potential as alternatives due to their good environmental performance, but their use is limited by their flammability risks. Since Halon extinguishing agents are banned in non-essential locations, the most widely used gaseous fire extinguishing agents are mainly hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and non-halogenated hydrocarbon gases (such as CO2, N2, and Ar), represented by heptafluoropropane. With the implementation of the Kigali Amendments, HFCs, as typical non-carbon dioxide greenhouse gases, have begun to be restricted worldwide due to their high GWP (global warming potential) and poor environmental performance, and their use will be gradually reduced until they are banned. Therefore, to address the issues of flammability of circulating working fluids and the high GWP of fire extinguisher fillers, new, highly efficient mixed flame retardants are needed.

[0003] By comprehensively comparing the performance of various flame-retardant working fluids and conducting systematic flame-retardant inhibition experiments, this invention proposes a fire extinguishing agent or flame retardant that can be used for a wide range of fires or for fire prevention. It can be used as a substitute for 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane and applied to various types of fires, including Type A (solid material fires), Type B (liquid fires or fusible solid material fires), Type C (gas fires), Type E (circuit fires), and Type D (aluminum alloy fires). It can also be used as a flame retardant component in thermodynamic cycles or mixed working fluids to inhibit various combustible working fluids such as hydrocarbons (e.g., R290), halogenated olefins (e.g., R1243zf), and halogenated hydrocarbons (e.g., R32). Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fire extinguishing agent or flame retardant that can be used for a wide range of fires or for fire prevention. It is a novel mixed flame retardant composed of two or three components selected from hexafluoropropylene (R1216), trifluoroiodomethane (R13I1), and 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (R227ea) using conventional physical mixing methods. It can be used as a substitute for 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane and is applicable to various types of fires, including Type A (solid material fires), Type B (liquid fires or fires involving fusible solid materials), Type C (gas fires), Type E (circuit fires), and Type D (aluminum alloy fires). It can also be used as a flame retardant component in working fluids or mixed working fluids in thermodynamic cycles to suppress various combustible working fluids such as hydrocarbons (e.g., R290), halogenated olefins (e.g., R1243zf), and halogenated hydrocarbons (e.g., R32). It is suitable for various thermodynamic cycle systems and exhibits excellent environmental performance while ensuring system safety.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A fire extinguishing agent or flame retardant that can be used for widespread fires or fire prevention, comprising a binary component or a ternary component; wherein the binary component comprises the following components by mass percentage: R227ea: 1%~99% and R1216: 1%~99% or R1216: 1%~99% and R13I1: 1%~99% or R227ea: 1%~99% and R13I1: 1%~99%; wherein the ternary component comprises the following components by mass percentage: R227ea: 1%~98%, R1216: 1%~98%, and R13I1: 1%~98%.

[0006] Furthermore, a fire extinguishing agent or flame retardant that can be used for widespread fires or fire prevention comprises the following components in mass percentages: R227ea: 10%~70% and R1216: 30%~90%.

[0007] Furthermore, a fire extinguishing agent or flame retardant that can be used for widespread fires or fire prevention comprises the following components in mass percentages: R227ea: 10%~40% and R1216: 60%~90%.

[0008] Furthermore, a fire extinguishing agent or flame retardant that can be used for widespread fires or fire prevention comprises the following components in mass percentages: R1216: 10%~70% and R13I1: 30%~90%.

[0009] Furthermore, a fire extinguishing agent or flame retardant that can be used for widespread fires or fire prevention comprises the following components in mass percentages: R1216: 15%~35% and R13I1: 65%~85%.

[0010] Furthermore, a fire extinguishing agent or flame retardant that can be used for widespread fires or fire prevention comprises the following components in mass percentages: R227ea: 10%~70% and R13I1: 30%~90%.

[0011] Furthermore, a fire extinguishing agent or flame retardant that can be used for widespread fires or fire prevention comprises the following components in mass percentages: R227ea: 10%~35% and R13I1: 65%~90%.

[0012] Furthermore, a fire extinguishing agent or flame retardant that can be used for widespread fires or fire prevention comprises the following components in mass percentages: R227ea: 5%~40%, R1216: 5%~90%, and R13I1: 5%~90%.

[0013] Furthermore, a fire extinguishing agent or flame retardant that can be used for widespread fires or fire prevention comprises the following components in mass percentages: R227ea: 5%~40%, R1216: 40%~90%, and R13I1: 5%~55%.

[0014] Furthermore, a fire extinguishing agent or flame retardant that can be used for widespread fires or fire prevention comprises the following components in mass percentages: R227ea: 5%~40%, R1216: 15%~55%, and R13I1: 40%~80%.

[0015] The basic physical properties of R227ea (1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane), R1216 (hexafluoropropene), and R13I1 (trifluoroiodomethane) are shown in Table 1.

[0016] Table 1. Basic parameters of the components contained in the mixture (T) b Normal boiling point, T c Critical temperature, P c (Critical pressure) Table 2 Minimum inerting concentration of flame retardant components required to suppress combustible working fluids Table 2 shows the minimum inerting concentrations required by each flame-retardant component to suppress three types of flammable media, obtained through experiments. It can be seen that the required content of the R1216 / R227ea / R13I1 mixed flame-retardant component is less than that of each pure flame retardant, resulting in the best flame-retardant effect. At the optimal ratio, the minimum inerting concentrations of the R1216 / R227ea mixed flame retardant for the three types of flammable media are, on average, 9.8% and 5.8% lower than those of R1216 and R227ea, respectively. Similarly, at the optimal ratio, the minimum inerting concentrations of the R1216 / R13I1 mixed flame retardant for the three types of flammable media are, on average, 27.2% and 8.5% lower than those of R1216 and R13I1, respectively.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The mixture has better flame retardant effect and excellent environmental protection. It can be used as a filler for gas fire extinguishers. It has physical heat absorption and insulation effects while chemically retardant combustion reaction, resulting in better flame retardant and fire extinguishing effects.

[0018] 2. Fire extinguishers using this mixed flame retardant as the extinguishing agent can extinguish a wide variety of fire types. They can be applied to various types of fires, including Class A (solid material fires), Class B (liquid fires or fires involving fusible solid materials), and Class C (gas fires), and even have a good suppressive effect on Class E fires (circuit fires) and Class D fires (aluminum alloy fires).

[0019] 3. The mixed flame retardants have stable properties. R1216 and R13I1 have lower boiling points and higher critical temperatures than R227ea. The melting points of all three substances are below -100℃. Furthermore, all three substances have strong thermal stability and are not easily thermally decomposed under common storage conditions, making them easy to store.

[0020] 4. The mixed flame retardant is non-conductive, which avoids danger when extinguishing electrical fires and ensures the safety of firefighting operations. Therefore, it can be used to deal with scenarios such as fires in computer rooms and short circuits. The mixed flame retardant can also be used to extinguish paper archives and important documents. It can prevent the fire extinguishing agent from damaging the documents while extinguishing the fire, thus greatly ensuring the integrity of the documents.

[0021] 5. Both R1216 and R13I1 have extremely low GWP values, which can significantly reduce the GWP value of mixtures and have excellent environmental performance.

[0022] 6. All components in the mixture are non-flammable and have a strong flame retardant effect. The mixture is non-flammable and can greatly reduce its flammability when mixed with other working substances. Moreover, under the preferred ratio, the mixed working substance has a stronger flame retardant effect than each pure working substance, which reduces the risk of combustion and explosion of the working substance in the thermodynamic cycle.

[0023] 7. The boiling points of the three components are close, and the mixture formed by them exhibits low temperature glide during thermodynamic cycling, making it reliable to use and easy to replace.

[0024] 8. The mixture contains two or three components, and there are many possible compositions and proportions to choose from. The appropriate mixing ratio can be selected according to different operating conditions.

[0025] The invention provides extinguishing agents or flame retardants that can be used for fire prevention or extinguishing in a wide range of fires. It can also be used as a working fluid in a thermodynamic cycle or as a flame retardant component in a mixed working fluid. It is of great significance for promoting the replacement of new environmentally friendly extinguishing agents or flame retardants in my country, the development of new thermodynamic cycle working fluids, and the elimination of high GWP value working fluids. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the minimum inerting concentration of the flame-retardant component required to suppress R290 in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the minimum inerting concentration of the flame-retardant component required to suppress R32 in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the minimum inerting concentration of the flame-retardant component required to suppress R1243zf in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a graph showing the average minimum inerting concentration and GWP value in the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1: Take 10% R227ea and 90% R1216, and physically mix these two components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0029] Example 2: Take 70% R227ea and 30% R1216, and physically mix these two components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0030] Example 3: Take 40% R227ea and 60% R1216, and physically mix these two components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0031] Example 4: Take 10% R1216 and 90% R13I1, and physically mix these two components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0032] Example 5: Take 70% R1216 and 30% R13I1, and physically mix these two components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0033] Example 6: Take 15% R1216 and 85% R13I1, and physically mix these two components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0034] Example 7: Take 35% R1216 and 65% R13I1, and physically mix these two components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0035] Example 8: Take 10% R227ea and 90% R13I1, and physically mix these two components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0036] Example 9: Take 70% R227ea and 30% R13I1, and physically mix these two components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0037] Example 10: Take 35% R227ea and 65% R13I1, and physically mix these two components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0038] Example 11: Take 5% R227ea, 5% R1216 and 90% R13I1, and physically mix these three components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0039] Example 12: Take 5% R227ea, 90% R1216 and 5% R13I1, and physically mix these three components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0040] Example 13: Take 5% R227ea, 40% R1216 and 55% R13I1, and physically mix these three components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0041] Example 14: Take 40% R227ea, 15% R1216 and 45% R13I1, and physically mix these three components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0042] Example 15: Take 5% R227ea, 15% R1216 and 80% R13I1, and physically mix these three components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0043] Example 16: Take 5% R227ea, 55% R1216 and 40% R13I1, and physically mix these three components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0044] Example 17: Take 53% R227ea and 47% R1216, and physically mix these two components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0045] Example 18: Take 22% R227ea and 78% R1216, and physically mix these two components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0046] Example 19: Take 64% R1216 and 36% R13I1, and physically mix these two components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0047] Example 20: Take 54% R1216 and 46% R13I1, and physically mix these two components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0048] Example 21: Take 43% R1216 and 57% R13I1, and physically mix these two components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0049] Example 22: Take 29% R1216 and 71% R13I1, and physically mix these two components at room temperature to use as a non-flammable working fluid or a mixed flame retardant.

[0050] Table 3. Comparison of the relative molecular masses of the embodiments and their environmental performance parameters with those of the pure working fluid. Table 4. Minimum inerting concentration of flame-retardant components required to suppress combustible working fluids in the embodiments of the present invention. The results show that: 1. The above embodiments all have low GWP values, significantly lower than R227ea, and the preferred proportions have GWP values ​​below 350, demonstrating excellent environmental performance.

[0051] 2. All of the above examples are non-flammable and have a strong flame retardant effect. The minimum inerting concentration for suppressing combustibles is better than or close to that of existing pure flame retardants. Moreover, the flame retardant effect of the mixture is stronger than that of any of its components as pure working fluids. It can be used as a flame retardant for fire extinguishing, fire fighting and protection of flammable materials. It can also be added to a thermal cycle system as a working fluid, or mixed with combustible working fluids to reduce their flammability. It has excellent safety.

[0052] According to the present invention, the components of the proposed mixture have similar boiling points, making it convenient to apply and environmentally friendly. A significant advantage is that the mixture exhibits better flame-retardant properties compared to the pure working fluid. In summary, the present invention has excellent application effects and development potential.

[0053] The above description only illustrates the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such changes should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire extinguishing agent or flame retardant that can be used for widespread fires or fire prevention, characterized in that: The extinguishing agent or flame retardant is applicable to Type A, Type B, Type C, Type E and Type D fires. It can also be used as a working fluid in a thermodynamic cycle or as a flame retardant component in a mixed working fluid to suppress flammable working fluids such as hydrocarbons, halogenated olefins and halogenated hydrocarbons. It is suitable for various thermodynamic cycle systems and has good environmental performance while ensuring system safety. The extinguishing agent or flame retardant comprises a binary component or a ternary component; the binary component comprises the following components by mass percentage: R1216: 29% and R13I1: 71%; the ternary component comprises the following components by mass percentage: R227ea: 1%~98%, R1216: 1%~98% and R13I1: 1%~98%.

2. The extinguishing agent or flame retardant according to claim 1, which can be used for a wide range of fires or for fire prevention, is characterized in that: The components include the following mass percentages: R227ea: 5%~40%, R1216: 5%~90%, and R13I1: 5%~90%.

3. A fire extinguishing agent or flame retardant that can be used for a wide range of fires or for fire prevention, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that: The components include the following components by mass percentage: R227ea: 5%~40%, R1216: 40%~90%, and R13I1: 5%~55%.

4. A fire extinguishing agent or flame retardant that can be used for a wide range of fires or for fire prevention, as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The components include the following components by mass percentage: R227ea: 5%~40%, R1216: 15%~55%, and R13I1: 40%~80%.

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