Thermoelectric laminate and thermoelectric device

Abstract

The invention provides a thermoelectric device with a simple positioning and bonding process and a thermoelectric laminate for the thermoelectric device. A representative embodiment of the present invention relates to a thermoelectric laminate having a thermoelectric material layer having a first surface and a second surface facing each other, and an isolation layer laminated on the first surface of the thermoelectric material layer, the thermoelectric material layer having a magnetization component perpendicular to the first surface and the second surface, the isolation layer has an insulating region that electrically insulates other thermoelectric laminates when the thermoelectric laminates are laminated on a surface facing the surface on which the thermoelectric material layer is laminated, and an electrode region that electrically connects the thermoelectric laminates. Furthermore, a representative embodiment of the present invention relates to a thermoelectric device in which the thermoelectric laminate is laminated, a plurality of first thermoelectric laminates, each of which has a thermoelectric material layer having positive lateral thermoelectric energy, and a plurality of second thermoelectric laminates, each of which has a thermoelectric material layer having negative lateral thermoelectric energy, are alternately in close contact with each other by magnetic forces of magnetization components thereof so as to sandwich respective isolation layers, and are electrically connected by electrode regions of the isolation layers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to thermoelectric laminates and thermoelectric devices. Background Technology

[0002] To improve energy efficiency, the practical application of thermoelectric conversion devices that can generate electricity based on waste heat and the environment is desired. With the continuous development of high-efficiency thermoelectric materials, many π-type structures that alternately connect p-type and n-type thermoelectric materials in series have been proposed to obtain higher electromotive forces for power generation devices.

[0003] Patent document 1 discloses a thermoelectric element in which a thermoelectric potential layer formed of a first thermoelectric material and a conductive layer formed of a second thermoelectric material are alternately stacked, separated by an insulating layer. By having a Seebeck coefficient of the first thermoelectric material constituting the thermoelectric potential layer that is greater than the absolute value of the Seebeck coefficient of the second thermoelectric material constituting the conductive layer, and a conductivity of the first thermoelectric material that is less than that of the second thermoelectric material, and by placing an insulating layer between the thermoelectric potential layer and the conductive layer, a thermoelectric element with improved thermoelectric performance can be achieved.

[0004] Patent document 2 proposes a structure in which a transverse thermoelectric material magnetized in a plane perpendicular to the direction of magnetization is electrically connected to a longitudinal thermoelectric material via an insulating layer. This enables a novel thermoelectric conversion element that, while maintaining the thermoelectric conversion characteristics of the magnetic material, increases the thermoelectric energy generated in the direction perpendicular to both the temperature gradient and the magnetization.

[0005] Patent document 3 proposes a thin film stack structure of a strongly magnetic film / insulator film / thermoelectric material film / insulator film / strongly magnetic film formed on a substrate. This enables a small thermoelectric conversion device that can achieve a large electromotive force.

[0006] Existing technical documents Patent documents Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-213455 Patent Document 2: International Publication WO2021 / 187347A1 Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2020-098860 Summary of the Invention The problem that the invention aims to solve Traditional π-type thermoelectric modules are formed by precisely positioning and stacking block-shaped p-type and n-type thermoelectric materials with electrodes connecting the thermoelectric materials in three dimensions, followed by bonding through processes such as pressurization and heating. This process requires highly precise positioning and process control technologies.

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a thermoelectric device with a simple positioning and bonding process, and a thermoelectric laminate for the thermoelectric device.

[0008] The following describes the means used to solve the above-mentioned problems. Other problems and new features become clear from the description and drawings in this specification.

[0009] Methods for solving problems According to the first embodiment, it is described below.

[0010] That is, the first embodiment of the present invention is a thermoelectric laminate having a thermoelectric material layer and an insulating layer. The thermoelectric material layer has a first surface and a second surface that are opposite to each other. The insulating layer is stacked on the first surface of the thermoelectric material layer. The thermoelectric material layer has a magnetization component perpendicular to the first surface and the second surface. The insulating layer has an insulating region that makes the thermoelectric material layer electrically insulated from the thermoelectric material layer of the other thermoelectric laminate when other thermoelectric laminates are stacked on the surface opposite to the thermoelectric material layer, and an electrode region that makes the thermoelectric material layer electrically conductive from the thermoelectric material layer of the other thermoelectric laminate.

[0011] According to the second embodiment, it is described below.

[0012] That is, the second embodiment of the present invention is based on the thermoelectric laminate described in the first embodiment, wherein the insulating layer extends from the end of the first surface to the side of the thermoelectric material layer, and has the electrode region in the extended area.

[0013] According to the third embodiment, it is described below.

[0014] That is, in the third embodiment of the present invention, based on the thermoelectric laminate described in the first embodiment, the electrode region of the isolation layer is sandwiched between the thermoelectric material layer and the thermoelectric material layer of the other thermoelectric laminate when other thermoelectric laminates are laminated on the surface opposite to the surface laminated with the thermoelectric material layer.

[0015] According to the fourth embodiment, it is described below.

[0016] That is, the fourth embodiment of the present invention is based on the thermoelectric layer stack described in any one of the first to third embodiments above, wherein the thermoelectric material layer has a three-dimensional shape that fits into the insulating layer on the surface in contact with the insulating layer.

[0017] According to the fifth embodiment, it is described below.

[0018] That is, the fifth embodiment of the present invention is based on the thermoelectric laminate described in any one of the first to fourth embodiments, wherein, when the above-mentioned isolation layer is set as the first isolation layer, the above-mentioned insulation region is set as the first insulation region, and the above-mentioned electrode region is set as the first electrode region, a second isolation layer is stacked with the second surface. The second isolation layer has a second insulation region that makes the thermoelectric material layer electrically insulated from the other thermoelectric laminate when other thermoelectric laminates are stacked on the surface opposite to the surface stacked with the thermoelectric material layer by the magnetic force of the above-mentioned magnetization component, and a second electrode region that makes the thermoelectric material layer electrically conductive from the thermoelectric material layer of the other thermoelectric laminate.

[0019] According to the sixth embodiment, it is described below.

[0020] That is, in the sixth embodiment of the present invention, based on the thermoelectric laminate described in the fifth embodiment, the first electrode region and the second electrode region are disposed at mutually separated positions in the plane obtained by viewing the first surface and the second surface from above.

[0021] According to the seventh embodiment, it is described below.

[0022] That is, the seventh embodiment of the present invention is based on the thermoelectric laminate described in the third embodiment above, wherein the insulating region has adhesive properties.

[0023] According to the eighth embodiment, it is described below.

[0024] That is, the eighth embodiment of the present invention is based on the thermoelectric laminate described in the seventh embodiment above, wherein the insulating region can be peeled off.

[0025] According to the ninth embodiment, it is described below.

[0026] That is, the ninth embodiment of the present invention is based on the thermoelectric laminate described in any one of the first to eighth embodiments, wherein the thermoelectric material layer is composed of two or more thermoelectric materials.

[0027] According to the tenth embodiment, it is described below.

[0028] That is, the tenth embodiment of the present invention is based on the thermoelectric laminate described in the ninth embodiment above, wherein the thermoelectric material layer is formed by stacking two or more unit thermoelectric material layers.

[0029] According to the eleventh embodiment, it is described below.

[0030] That is, the eleventh embodiment of the present invention is configured such that one or more first thermoelectric stacks, i.e., the thermoelectric material layer having positive transverse thermoelectric energy, and one or more second thermoelectric stacks, i.e., the thermoelectric material layer having negative transverse thermoelectric energy, are alternately connected by magnetic force of their respective magnetization components to clamp their respective isolation layers, and are electrically connected through the electrode region of the isolation layer.

[0031] According to the twelfth embodiment, it is described below.

[0032] That is, the twelfth embodiment of the present invention is based on the thermoelectric device described in the eleventh embodiment above, wherein the thermoelectric material of the first thermoelectric laminate is a magnetic material whose main component is at least one selected from the group consisting of samarium-cobalt (Sm–Co) alloy, cobalt-manganese-gallium (Co2MnGa) alloy, cobalt-manganese-aluminum / silicon Co2Mn(Al,Si) alloy, cobalt (Co), iron-gallium (Fe–Ga) alloy, iron-aluminum (Fe–Al) alloy, iron-platinum (FePt) alloy, iron-lead (FePd) alloy, iron-tin (Fe3Sn2) alloy, and iron nitride (Fe4N), and the thermoelectric material of the second thermoelectric laminate is a magnetic material whose main component is at least one selected from the group consisting of neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) alloy, manganese gallium (MnGa) alloy, iron (Fe), and cobalt-gadolinium (Co–Gd) alloy.

[0033] According to the thirteenth embodiment, it is described below.

[0034] That is, the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention is a thermoelectric device formed by alternately stacking one or more first thermoelectric material layers having positive transverse thermoelectric energy and one or more second thermoelectric material layers having negative transverse thermoelectric energy, sandwiched by an insulating layer. The first and second thermoelectric material layers have magnetization components perpendicular to and in the same direction as the surfaces to which they are stacked. The insulating layer has an insulating region that electrically insulates the first and second thermoelectric material layers, which are adjacent to each other by magnetic force of the magnetization components, and an electrode region that electrically connects the first and second thermoelectric material layers, which are adjacent to each other by magnetic force of the magnetization components. The electrode regions, which are in contact with both sides of each of the first and second thermoelectric material layers, are disposed in their respective thermoelectric material layers at positions isolated in directions perpendicular to both the stacking direction and the direction in which a temperature gradient is applied.

[0035] According to the fourteenth embodiment, it is described below.

[0036] That is, the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention is based on the thermoelectric device described in the thirteenth embodiment above, wherein the insulating layer extends from the end of the laminated surface toward the side of the thermoelectric material layer, and the extended area has the electrode region.

[0037] According to the fifteenth embodiment, it is as follows.

[0038] That is, in the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention, based on the thermoelectric device described in the thirteenth embodiment above, the first thermoelectric material layer and the second thermoelectric material layer that are adjacent to each other are stacked in a way that the isolation layer is sandwiched by the magnetic force of the magnetization component.

[0039] According to the sixteenth embodiment, it is described below.

[0040] That is, the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention is based on the thermoelectric device described in any one of the thirteenth to fifteenth embodiments above, wherein the first thermoelectric material layer and the second thermoelectric material layer have a three-dimensional shape that fits into the insulating layer on at least one surface that is in close contact with the electrode region of the insulating layer.

[0041] According to the seventeenth embodiment, it is described below.

[0042] That is, the seventeenth embodiment of the present invention is based on the thermoelectric device described in any one of the thirteenth to sixteenth embodiments above, wherein the first thermoelectric material is a magnetic material whose main component is at least one selected from the group consisting of Sm-Co alloy, Co2MnGa alloy, Co2Mn(Al,Si) alloy, Co, Fe-Ga alloy, Fe-Al alloy, FePt alloy, FePd alloy, Fe3Sn2 alloy, and Fe4N, and the second thermoelectric material is a magnetic material whose main component is at least one selected from the group consisting of NdFeB alloy, MnGa alloy, Fe, and Co-Gd alloy.

[0043] According to the eighteenth embodiment, it is as follows.

[0044] That is, the eighteenth embodiment of the present invention is based on the thermoelectric device described in any one of the thirteenth to sixteenth embodiments above, wherein at least one of the first thermoelectric material layer and the second thermoelectric material layer is a laminate composed of multiple layers of thermoelectric materials that are different from each other.

[0045] The effects of the invention The effects obtained through the above implementation methods can be briefly described as follows.

[0046] That is, it is possible to provide a thermoelectric device with a simple positioning and bonding process, and a thermoelectric laminate for the thermoelectric device. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the basic structure of the thermoelectric laminate of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 This is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating the working principle of the thermoelectric device of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 This is an explanatory diagram showing a structural example of a thermoelectric device as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 4 This is an explanatory diagram of a modified electrode region.

[0051] Figure 5 These are illustrations of other variations of the electrode region.

[0052] Figure 6 This is an illustrative diagram of other electrode structures.

[0053] Figure 7 It is a graph showing the measurement results of the power generation behavior of the thermoelectric material made as an example.

[0054] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the power generation performance of a horizontal thermoelectric module manufactured as an example.

[0055] Figure 9 These are explanatory diagrams showing other structural examples of the thermoelectric device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0056] 1. Overview of the Implementation Method First, a summary of the representative embodiments disclosed in this application will be given. The reference numerals in the drawings, which are marked with parentheses in the summary description of the representative embodiments, are merely illustrative of the conceptual implications of the elements to which those reference numerals are labeled.

[0057] [1] The thermoelectric laminate has a magnetization component perpendicular to the contact surface and achieves electrical connection through a portion of the insulating layer. Figures 1 to 6 ) A representative embodiment disclosed in this application is a thermoelectric laminate (10) having a thermoelectric material layer (1) and an insulating layer (2). The thermoelectric material layer (1) has a first surface and a second surface that are opposite to each other. The insulating layer (2) is stacked on the first surface of the thermoelectric material layer. The thermoelectric material layer has a magnetization component (5) perpendicular to the first surface and the second surface. The insulating layer has an insulating region (3) that makes the thermoelectric material layer electrically insulated from the thermoelectric material layer of the other thermoelectric laminate when other thermoelectric laminates are stacked on the surface opposite to the thermoelectric material layer, and an electrode region (4) that makes the thermoelectric material layer electrically conductive from the thermoelectric material layer of the other thermoelectric laminate.

[0058] Therefore, it is possible to provide a thermoelectric laminate that is easy to position and join in order to form a thermoelectric device.

[0059] [2] The electrode region extends to the side of the thermoelectric material layer ( Figure 4 , Figure 5 ) Based on the thermoelectric layer stack described in [1], the aforementioned insulating layer extends from the end of the aforementioned first surface toward the side of the aforementioned thermoelectric material layer, and has the aforementioned electrode region in the extended region.

[0060] This increases the freedom of electrode formation and wiring processes. Furthermore, by forming the electrode region (4) at the end of the thermoelectric material layer (1) (e.g., Figure 5 As shown, the thermoelectric material layer can be formed as a whole to facilitate thermoelectric conversion.

[0061] [3] The electrode region is the region sandwiched between layers of thermoelectric material. Figure 1 , Figure 4 ) Based on the thermoelectric laminate described in [1], when the electrode region of the above-mentioned isolation layer is laminated with other thermoelectric laminates on the face opposite to the surface laminated with the above-mentioned thermoelectric material layer, it is sandwiched between the thermoelectric material layer and the thermoelectric material layer of the other thermoelectric laminate.

[0062] Therefore, the stress generated by the magnetic force is directly applied to the interface between the electrode region and the thermoelectric material layer, resulting in good contact conductivity. Furthermore, it maximizes the area of ​​the thermoelectric material layer within the area through which heat flow passes. Additionally, the contribution of this thermoelectric material layer to the thermoelectric conversion also depends on the location and area of ​​the electrode region.

[0063] [4] The three-dimensional structure of the thermoelectric material layer engaging with the electrode ( Figure 6 ) Based on the thermoelectric layer stack described in any one of [1] to [3], the thermoelectric material layer has a three-dimensional shape that fits into the insulating layer on the surface in contact with the insulating layer.

[0064] Therefore, the thermoelectric material layer and the electrode can achieve self-alignment and positioning, thereby further simplifying the wiring process.

[0065] [5] Electrical connection is achieved through the magnetic force of the magnetization component ( Figure 2 ) Based on the thermoelectric laminate (12) described in any one of [1] to [4], the above-mentioned isolation layer is set as a first isolation layer (2-2), the above-mentioned insulation region is set as a first insulation region (3-2), the above-mentioned electrode region is set as a first electrode region (4-3), the above-mentioned thermoelectric laminate has a second isolation layer (2-1) stacked with the above-mentioned second surface, the above-mentioned second isolation layer has a second insulation region (3-1) that makes the thermoelectric material layer electrically insulated from the thermoelectric material layer of the above-mentioned other thermoelectric laminate when other thermoelectric laminates are stacked on the surface opposite to the surface stacked with the above-mentioned thermoelectric material layer by the magnetic force of the above-mentioned magnetization component, and a second electrode region (4-2) that makes the thermoelectric material layer electrically conductive from the thermoelectric material layer of the above-mentioned other thermoelectric laminate.

[0066] Thus, an electrical connection is formed through the magnetic force of the magnetization component of the thermoelectric material layer, thereby eliminating the need for additional wiring.

[0067] [6] Obtaining electromotive force through horizontal thermoelectric conversion Based on the thermoelectric laminate described in [5], the first electrode region and the second electrode region are arranged at mutually separated positions in the plane obtained by viewing the first and second surfaces from above.

[0068] Therefore, if two electrodes are arranged at separate positions within the surface of a thermoelectric material layer, and a temperature gradient is applied in a direction orthogonal to both the separation direction and the stacking direction, the electromotive force generated by the transverse thermoelectric conversion in the thermoelectric material layer can be extracted from between these two electrodes. The first electrode region (4-3) and the second electrode region (4-2) can also be respectively arranged in the thermoelectric material layer (1-2) of the thermoelectric laminate (12), located on opposite sides of the stacking direction, and where the potential difference (electromotive force) generated by the applied temperature gradient and the driving electric field generated in the direction of the product of the residual magnetization component reaches its maximum. Here, the first electrode region (4-3) and the second electrode region (4-2) can also be composed of multiple electrode regions respectively arranged at approximately the same potential. However, it should be noted that the reference numerals in parentheses are for citation purposes. Figure 2 The examples used do not constitute any limitation.

[0069] [7] Adhesion Based on the thermoelectric laminate described in [3], the above-mentioned insulating region has adhesive properties.

[0070] This allows for a more secure fit achieved by the residual magnetization.

[0071] [8] Ease of peeling Based on the thermoelectric laminate described in [7], the aforementioned insulating region can be peeled off.

[0072] Therefore, the thermoelectric conversion element composed of this thermoelectric laminate can be easily disassembled.

[0073] [9] A thermoelectric laminate consisting of two or more thermoelectric materials Based on the thermoelectric layer stack described in any of [1] to [8], the aforementioned thermoelectric material layer is composed of two or more thermoelectric materials.

[0074] This increases the freedom of choice in thermoelectric materials.

[0075]

[10] Inclined laminates ( Figure 9 ) Based on the thermoelectric laminate described in [9], the above-mentioned thermoelectric material layer is formed by stacking two or more individual thermoelectric material layers.

[0076] Therefore, as a thermoelectric material layer, a horizontal thermoelectric material can be formed by alternating p-type and n-type thermoelectric materials in a tilted manner to form multiple layers. The above-mentioned "tilted laminate" refers to a structure obtained by stacking two or more thermoelectric material layers (the above-mentioned "unit thermoelectric material layer") to form multiple layers. The "stack" here has a different meaning from the "stack" in [1].

[0077]

[11] Thermoelectric device The representative embodiment disclosed in this application is a thermoelectric device, wherein the thermoelectric laminates described in any one of [1] to

[10] , that is, one or more first thermoelectric laminates having positive transverse thermoelectric energy, and the thermoelectric laminates described in any one of [1] to

[10] , that is, one or more second thermoelectric laminates having negative transverse thermoelectric energy, are alternately connected by magnetic force of their respective magnetization components to clamp their respective isolation layers, and are electrically connected through the electrode regions of the isolation layers.

[0078] Therefore, a thermoelectric device with a simple positioning and joining process can be provided.

[0079]

[12] Specific thermoelectric materials Based on the thermoelectric device described in

[11] , the thermoelectric material of the first thermoelectric laminate is a magnetic material whose main component is at least one selected from the group consisting of Sm-Co alloy, Co2MnGa alloy, Co2Mn(Al,Si) alloy, Co, Fe-Ga alloy, Fe-Al alloy, FePt alloy, FePd alloy, Fe3Sn2 alloy, and iron nitride (Fe4N), and the thermoelectric material of the second thermoelectric laminate is a magnetic material whose main component is at least one selected from the group consisting of NdFeB alloy, MnGa alloy, Fe, and Co-Gd alloy.

[0080] Thus, a thermoelectric material suitable for the thermoelectric device described in

[11] was determined.

[0081]

[13] A horizontal thermoelectric device that achieves series connection through the magnetic force of the magnetization component ( Figure 2 , Figure 3 ) The representative embodiment disclosed in this application is a thermoelectric device, which is formed by alternatingly stacking one or more first thermoelectric material layers (1-2) having positive horizontal thermoelectric energy and one or more second thermoelectric material layers (1-1) having negative horizontal thermoelectric energy with an insulating layer (2-1, 2-2), and is configured as follows.

[0082] The first and second thermoelectric material layers described above each have magnetization components (5-1, 5-2) that are perpendicular to and in the same direction as the surfaces on which they are stacked. The insulating layer has insulating regions (3-1, 3-2) that electrically insulate the first and second thermoelectric material layers, which are adjacent to each other by magnetic force using the magnetization components, and electrode regions (4-2, 4-3) that electrically conduct the first and second thermoelectric material layers. The electrode regions (4-1 and 4-2, 4-2 and 4-3) that are in contact with both sides of the first and second thermoelectric material layers are arranged in their respective thermoelectric material layers at positions that are isolated in directions perpendicular to both the stacking direction and the direction in which the temperature gradient is applied.

[0083] Therefore, a thermoelectric device with simple positioning and bonding processes can be provided. The position isolated in the direction perpendicular to both the stacking direction and the direction to which the temperature gradient is applied is the position where the potential difference (electromotive force) generated by the driving electric field produced by the temperature gradient and residual magnetization reaches its maximum. Here, each electrode region can also be composed of multiple electrode regions positioned at approximately the same potential.

[0084]

[14] The electrode region extends to the side of the thermoelectric material layer ( Figure 4 , Figure 5 ) Based on the thermoelectric device described in

[13] , the aforementioned insulating layer extends from the end of the aforementioned laminated surface toward the side of the aforementioned thermoelectric material layer, and has the aforementioned electrode region in the extended region.

[0085] Therefore, the stress generated by the magnetic force is directly applied to the interface between the electrode region and the thermoelectric material layer, thereby achieving good contact conductivity. Furthermore, it also increases the freedom of electrode formation and wiring processes. In addition, by forming the electrode region (4) at the end of the thermoelectric material layer (1) (e.g., Figure 5 As shown, the thermoelectric material layer can be formed as a whole to facilitate thermoelectric conversion.

[0086]

[15] The adhesion achieved by using magnetic force facilitates assembly and disassembly. Based on the thermoelectric device described in any of

[13] to

[15] , the first thermoelectric material layer and the second thermoelectric material layer that are adjacent to each other are stacked in a way that the isolation layer is sandwiched by the magnetic force of the magnetization component.

[0087] This simplifies the positioning and bonding processes. For example, it allows for flexible adjustments to the number of stacked thermoelectric laminates based on the dimensions of the object being installed.

[0088]

[16] The three-dimensional structure of the thermoelectric material layer engaging with the electrode ( Figure 4 ) Based on the thermoelectric device described in any one of

[13] to

[15] , the first thermoelectric material layer and the second thermoelectric material layer have a three-dimensional shape that fits into the insulating layer on at least one side that is in close contact with the electrode region of the insulating layer.

[0089] Therefore, the thermoelectric material layer and the electrode can achieve self-aligned positioning, thereby further simplifying the wiring process.

[0090]

[17] Specific thermoelectric materials Based on the thermoelectric device described in any one of

[13] to

[16] , the first thermoelectric material is a magnetic material whose main component is at least one selected from the group consisting of Sm-Co alloy, Co2MnGa alloy, Co2Mn(Al,Si) alloy, Co, Fe-Ga alloy, Fe-Al alloy, FePt alloy, FePd alloy, Fe3Sn2 alloy, and iron nitride (Fe4N), and the second thermoelectric material is a magnetic material whose main component is at least one selected from the group consisting of NdFeB alloy, MnGa alloy, Fe, and Co-Gd alloy.

[0091] Thus, thermoelectric materials suitable for constructing the thermoelectric devices described in

[13] to

[16] were determined.

[0092]

[18] Inclined laminate Based on the thermoelectric device described in any of

[13] to

[16] , at least one of the first thermoelectric material layer and the second thermoelectric material layer is a laminate composed of multiple layers of thermoelectric materials that are different from each other.

[0093] Therefore, as a thermoelectric material layer, a horizontal thermoelectric material can be formed by alternating p-type and n-type thermoelectric materials in a tilted manner to form multiple layers. The above-mentioned "tilted laminate" refers to a structure obtained by stacking two or more thermoelectric material layers (the above-mentioned "unit thermoelectric material layer") to form multiple layers. The meaning of "stacked" here is different from that of "stacked" in

[13] .

[0094] 2. Detailed Description of Implementation Methods The implementation method is described in further detail below.

[0095] [Implementation Method 1] Figure 1 This is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the basic structure of the thermoelectric laminate 10 of the present invention. The thermoelectric laminate 10 has a thermoelectric material layer 1 and an insulating layer 2. On one of the two opposing surfaces of the thermoelectric material layer 1 (in... Figure 1 An insulating layer 2 is stacked on the +x side of the y–z plane. The thermoelectric material layer 1 has a magnetization component 5 perpendicular to the two planes (along the x-axis direction). When the insulating layer 2 is stacked, it has an insulating region 3 and an electrode region 4 in the surface in contact with the thermoelectric material layer 1. The insulating region 3 provides electrical insulation between two adjacent thermoelectric material layers 1, and the electrode region 4 enables electrical conduction between two adjacent thermoelectric material layers 1.

[0096] Therefore, a thermoelectric laminate 10 can be provided for constituting a thermoelectric device, simplifying the positioning and bonding process. Utilizing the magnetic force of the magnetization component perpendicular to the lamination surface, two thermoelectric material layers 1 are tightly bonded to the insulating layer 2, and electrical connection is achieved in the electrode region 4, which is part of the insulating layer 2. This facilitates alignment and eliminates the need for an adhesive bonding process. Furthermore, the bonding wiring is only required at both ends. Therefore, for example, when installing a thermoelectric device, the number of thermoelectric laminates 10 can be adjusted according to the size of the object, even on-site.

[0097] Figure 2 This is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating the working principle of the thermoelectric device of the present invention. As described above, the thermoelectric laminate 1 of the present invention has a magnetization component in a direction perpendicular to the laminate surface; therefore, if the magnetization components are aligned in the same direction, bonding is achieved by magnetic force. Figure 2The following scenario is illustrated: A thermoelectric laminate 12, with an insulating region 3-2 and an electrode region 4-3 on one side of an insulating layer 2-2, is stacked on another side with another thermoelectric laminate 11. The thermoelectric laminates 11 and 12 have magnetization components 5-1 and 5-2 perpendicular to the stacked surfaces, thus achieving bonding via magnetic force in the left-right direction of the paper. Viewed from the thermoelectric laminate 12, an insulating layer 2-1 is present on the surface where the other thermoelectric laminates 11 are stacked. When the thermoelectric laminates 11 are magnetically bonded, the insulating region 3-1 is electrically insulated, while the electrode region 4-2 is electrically connected.

[0098] exist Figure 2 In the case where thermoelectric laminates 11 and 12 are respectively composed of thermoelectric laminates using thermoelectric materials with positive and negative transverse thermoelectric energy, the electromotive forces of thermoelectric laminates 11 and 12 are superimposed through electrical series connection, thereby enabling the output of a higher voltage. If the direction of temperature gradient 30 is as follows... Figure 2 As shown, the direction is perpendicular to the paper and extends from near to depth. In the thermoelectric laminate 11 with positive transverse thermoelectric energy, the electric field E is driven as the outer product of the temperature gradient 30 and the magnetic force of the magnetization component 5-1. ANE 20-1 is generated in the upward direction on the paper. As a result, under open-circuit voltage conditions, the ratio of the potential gradient to the temperature gradient generated in the upward direction on the paper is defined as the anomalous Nernst coefficient S. ANE Thermoelectric laminate 12 has a negative anomalous Nernst coefficient S, which is opposite in sign to that of thermoelectric laminate 11. ANE If we define it as a thermoelectric laminate with negative transverse thermoelectric energy, then in the thermoelectric laminate 12, the electric field E is driven by the magnetic force of the temperature gradient 30 and the magnetization component 5-2 as the product of the temperature gradient 30 and the magnetic force. ANE 20-2 is generated on the paper from top to bottom.

[0099] Electrode regions 4-1 and 4-2, which are in contact with both sides of thermoelectric material layer 1-1, and electrode regions 4-2 and 4-3, which are in contact with both sides of thermoelectric material layer 1-2, are arranged in their respective thermoelectric material layers at positions isolated in directions perpendicular to both the stacking direction and the direction in which the temperature gradient 30 is applied. They are most preferably arranged at the most separated ends. A driving electric field E is generated in a direction perpendicular to the temperature gradient 30 and the magnetization component 5-2. ANE At point 20-2, the potential difference reaches its maximum, thus allowing the extraction of the maximum value of the generated electromotive force. Electrode regions 4-2 and 4-3 are positioned at approximately the same potential, and can also be divided into multiple electrode regions.

[0100] As described above, thermoelectric laminates 11 and 12 are insulated in insulating region 3-2 and conductive in electrode region 4-2, thus being connected in series between electrode 4-3 and electrode 4-1, thereby outputting an output based on the driving electric field E. ANE The potential difference of 20-2 and the driving electric field E ANE The sum of potential differences of 20-1. As above, this gives the anomalous Nernst coefficient S with opposite sign. ANE The materials are alternately magnetically connected and electrically connected in series while ensuring electrical insulation, thereby enabling the production of high-density horizontal thermoelectric modules.

[0101] The thermoelectric element of the present invention is also highly efficient from the viewpoint of volume utilization. In conventional π-type thermoelectric devices, p-type and n-type thermoelectric materials are respectively formed into columnar shapes and arranged separately from each other. By aligning the columnar thermoelectric materials to maintain a gap, the portion of this gap becomes a volume that does not directly contribute to thermoelectric conversion.

[0102] On the other hand, when viewed from the vector direction of the temperature gradient 30, the area through which heat flows in the thermoelectric element of the present invention consists only of the thermoelectric material layer 1 and the insulating layer 2. The insulating layer 2 only needs to provide insulation when a tight seal is achieved through magnetic force. Furthermore, since the potential difference is low, there is no need to consider the thickness of the insulation withstand voltage; a thin film thickness is sufficient. Therefore, the thermoelectric material layer 1 occupies most of the area through which heat flows, thereby allowing most of the heat flow to directly contribute to thermoelectric conversion. Moreover, even in the direction from near to deep along the vector of the temperature gradient 30, electrodes, substrates, etc., are unnecessary, and a structure occupied only by the thermoelectric material layer 1 can be formed. As described above, very little material other than the thermoelectric material exists both on the surface through which heat flows and along the path in the direction of heat flow. From a volume utilization perspective, the thermoelectric element of the present invention is highly efficient.

[0103] [Implementation Method 2] Figure 2 It is a simple thermoelectric device obtained by stacking one thermoelectric laminate 11 and 12 respectively, but the number of laminates can be arbitrary.

[0104] Figure 3This is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the configuration of a thermoelectric device 100 as an embodiment of the present invention. It is constructed by alternately stacking five thermoelectric laminates 11 and 12. In the thermoelectric device 100, thermoelectric material layers with positive transverse thermoelectric energy contained in thermoelectric laminate 11 and thermoelectric material layers with negative transverse thermoelectric energy contained in thermoelectric laminate 12 are alternately stacked with an insulating layer between them. The thermoelectric material layers of thermoelectric laminates 11 and 12 have magnetization components perpendicular (x-axis direction) to the surface being stacked and in the same direction. The insulating layer insulates the thermoelectric material layers that are magnetically connected and adjacent to each other using the magnetization components in the insulating region, and allows the thermoelectric material layers that are magnetically connected and adjacent to each other using the magnetization components to be electrically conductive in the electrode region. This magnetization component not only makes the thermoelectric laminates tightly connected, but also generates a driving electric field E based on the anomalous Nernst effect in the thermoelectric material layers. ANE That is, if a temperature gradient is applied in the y-axis direction, then each thermoelectric material layer will generate a driving electric field E based on the anomalous Nernst effect in opposite directions between adjacent thermoelectric material layers. ANE The electrode regions of adjacent thermoelectric material layers are alternately arranged at the most separated positions in the direction perpendicular to both the temperature gradient and the stacking direction (z-axis direction). Therefore, the potential differences generated by the alternating opposite directions are connected in series, and the larger potential difference accumulated at both ends is used as the electromotive force for output.

[0105] Since the thermoelectric laminates 11 and 12 have magnetization components in the same direction in the stacking direction, they can be magnetically connected and electrically connected simply by being arranged adjacent to each other. Therefore, the positioning and joining processes in the thermoelectric device 100 are very simple.

[0106] [Implementation Method 3] In embodiments 1 and 2, for example, mainly as follows Figures 1 to 3 As shown, when viewed from the x-axis, an embodiment is shown where thermoelectric material layers 1 (1-1, 1-2) and insulating layers 2 (2-1, 2-2) overlap with the same area. In this configuration, as described above, there are no components inserted in series along the heat flow path, and only thermoelectric material layers 1 and insulating layers 2 exist in parallel. Therefore, the applied temperature gradient is applied to thermoelectric material layers 1 with almost no waste, which is expected to facilitate thermoelectric conversion. On the other hand, the structure of electrode region 4 is not limited to this. Part or all of electrode region 4 may extend to the sidewall of thermoelectric material layer 1, and it may also be formed separately from the insulating region 3 of insulating layer 2.

[0107] Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is an explanatory diagram of a modified electrode region. For example... Figure 4As shown, a portion of electrode region 4 can extend to the side (z-side or -z-side) of thermoelectric material layer 1. By extending laterally, the thermoelectric material can be configured as a whole, facilitating thermoelectric conversion and thereby achieving an ideal thermoelectric potential. For example, as... Figure 5 As shown, by forming the electrode region 4 at the end of the thermoelectric material layer 1, the electromotive force generated at any position from one end to the other of the thermoelectric material layer 1 can be completely directed to the electrode region 4 and removed.

[0108] The electrical connection between the thermoelectric material layer 1 and the adjacent thermoelectric laminate 10 can be with Figure 1 Similarly, by utilizing the contact surface, other wiring can also be added, such as indium crimp wiring. Or, as... Figure 5 As shown, the electrode region 4 can be integrally formed on the side of the thermoelectric material layer 1. In this case, after the insulating layer 2 with only the insulating region 3 and the thermoelectric layer 10 of the thermoelectric material layer 1 are closely connected and stacked by mutual residual magnetization, in order to electrically connect the adjacent thermoelectric material layers 1 in a series circuit manner, for example, indium press-fit wiring is formed.

[0109] [Implementation Method 4] Figure 6 These are illustrations of other electrode structures. In the thermoelectric laminate of this embodiment, the thermoelectric material layer 1 has a three-dimensional shape that fits into the insulating layer 2 on the surface that contacts the insulating layer 2. This allows the thermoelectric material layer and the electrode to be self-aligned and positioned, further simplifying the wiring process. Figure 6 This is one example. Notches 41 and 42 are formed in the thermoelectric material layer 1 on the left. The insulating layer 2, stacked on the right side of the diagram, is formed such that the electrode region 4 is thicker than the insulating region 3. When the thermoelectric material layer 1 and the insulating layer 2 are joined, the electrode region 4 of the insulating layer is embedded in the notches 41 and 42 of the thermoelectric material layer 1. The size of the electrode region 4, which protrudes further towards the thermoelectric material layer 1 than the insulating region 3, can be designed to precisely fit into the notches 41 and 42. This facilitates the alignment of the thermoelectric material layer and the insulating layer. Furthermore, as the contact area between the thermoelectric material layer and the electrode region 4 increases, a reduction in contact resistance is achieved. In this example, although it is a simple notch, by employing a shape that increases the contact area, the electrical contact resistance can be further reduced.

[0110] like Figure 6 As illustrated, electrode region 4 can also be configured to protrude more laterally than insulating region 3, and from the opposite side (in Figure 6 Further to the right (in the middle) it is embedded with other thermoelectric material layers 1 that are closely connected. Furthermore, as... Figure 6 As illustrated on the right, the thermoelectric material layer 1 can also have notches 43 and 44, 45 and 46 respectively on the two sides of the stack.

[0111] [Implementation Method 5] Thermoelectric material layer 1 can be a layer utilizing various transverse thermoelectric conversion phenomena. For example, it can utilize magnetic materials exhibiting anomalous Nernst or spin Seebeck effects, or angular polarity materials with anisotropic Seebeck coefficients, etc. Furthermore, it can employ a geometrically induced transverse thermoelectric material constructed by alternately stacking p-type and n-type Seebeck materials at an angle relative to the temperature gradient direction. By superimposing multiple transverse thermoelectric conversion phenomena through this composite material, the output can be enhanced.

[0112] Figure 9 This is an explanatory diagram showing other structural examples of the thermoelectric device of the present invention. The thermoelectric stacks 11 and 12 are respectively composed of thermoelectric material layer 1-1 and insulating layer 2-1, and thermoelectric material layer 1-2 and insulating layer 2-2, and are similar to Embodiment 2 in that they are closely connected to form a thermoelectric device. The thermoelectric material layers 1-1 and 1-2 are respectively configured such that two types of thermoelectric material layers 1a and 1b, 1c and 1d are alternately stacked, with their stacking direction inclined relative to the temperature gradient 30. For example, by setting thermoelectric material layers 1a and 1b, 1c and 1d as p-type and n-type thermoelectric materials, they can function as horizontal thermoelectric material layers, and by reversing the tilt angle relative to the temperature gradient (y-axis direction), the sign of the driving electric field can be reversed. Furthermore, by setting thermoelectric material layers 1a or 1b, 1c or 1d as magnetic materials, magnetization components 5-1 and 5-2 can also be generated.

[0113] Example As an embodiment of a thermoelectric device capable of connecting laminates by magnetic force, a horizontal thermoelectric module composed of two permanent magnets with different signs of the anomalous Nernst effect, which is one type of horizontal thermoelectric energy, was fabricated, and its characteristics were evaluated. The operating principle of the horizontal thermoelectric module in this embodiment is as described in Embodiment 2.

[0114] [Module Processing] As the anomalous Nernst coefficient with opposite sign S ANE Materials prepared included a 20 mm diameter × 0.5 mm thick samarium cobalt (SmCo5) magnet (YX24 manufactured by Magfine Co., Ltd.) and a neodymium iron boron (Nd2Fe) magnet, both disc-shaped with an easy magnetization axis perpendicular to the surface. 14 B) Magnet diameter 20 mm × thickness 0.5 mm (Magfine N35, with NiCuNi plating). SmCo5 magnets have a positive anomalous Nernst coefficient S. ANE Nd2Fe 14 Magnet B has a negative anomalous Nernst coefficient S. ANE .

[0115] Disk-shaped SmCo5 magnets and Nd2Fe 14 A total of 24 sheets of magnet B are prepared by alternately stacking 12 sheets each in the same magnetization direction. During stacking, a paper towel (manufactured by AsOne) is placed on the lower magnet as an insulating layer. After applying an instant adhesive (Aronalpha tough-power manufactured by Toa Synthetic Co., Ltd.), the next magnet (with an anomalous Nernst coefficient S of opposite sign) is placed from the top. ANE The magnets were used to fix the discs together.

[0116] The resulting laminate was cut into cuboid shapes using a diamond wire saw (EiResearch DWS100, Inc.). Additionally, SmCo5 magnets and Nd2Fe were formed... 14 The horizontal thermoelectric module is completed by using indium (manufactured by Nilaco Corporation) to press-wire the side of the material through a circuit in which magnets are alternately connected in series.

[0117] Two copper wires (manufactured by Nilaco Co., Ltd.) were connected to the two ends of the circuit of the completed horizontal thermoelectric module, and the sides except for the contact surface and the contact opposite surface were fixed with heat-dissipating adhesive (COM-G52 manufactured by Com Institute Co., Ltd.).

[0118] SmCo5 magnets and Nd2Fe as thermoelectric materials 14 The B magnet occupies more than 81% of the area of ​​the module's heated surface, a unique density compared to previous π-type thermoelectric modules.

[0119] The horizontal thermoelectric module of this embodiment is configured such that the insulating membrane having an insulating region and an electrode region can be formed, for example, by a film forming process, a coating process, an attachment process, etc.

[0120] Film formation process: A metal such as aluminum (Al) is formed on the magnet, which is used as a thermoelectric material. An anti-oxidation film, such as a corrosion inhibitor, is applied to the electrode area, and the remaining areas are oxidized to form an insulating region. The anti-oxidation film is then removed using an organic solvent or similar method.

[0121] Coating process: Apply silver paste or indium to the electrode area and apply high heat-resistant adhesive or AronCeramics to the insulating area.

[0122] Adhesive bonding process: Applying adhesive tape with locally conductive areas. The adhesive tape with conductive areas may include, for example, conductive circuitry with a through-surface and insulating portions, and electrical conductivity is achieved by attaching it to the magnet.

[0123] [Determination of power generation performance] With a temperature difference ΔT applied to both sides of the module, the power generation performance of the fabricated horizontal thermoelectric module was evaluated by measuring the current-voltage characteristics of the two copper wires at four terminals. Specifically, one side of the copper wire was defined as positive voltage (V+) and negative current (I-), and the other side as negative voltage (V-) and positive current (I+). The load current I was then scanned. load The voltage V was measured. At this time, the generator output P is determined by the load current I. load The product of voltage V is represented.

[0124] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the measurement results confirming the power generation behavior of the thermoelectric material prepared as an example. Specifically, it shows the results of measuring the open-circuit voltage V through the following steps to confirm that the output generated by the temperature difference ΔT is caused by the anomalous Nernst effect.

[0125] Using a pulsed magnetic field generating device (manufactured by Toei Scientific Industrial Co., Ltd.), SmCo5 magnets and Nd2Fe 14 Magnet B was magnetized by applying a temperature of +8T to its easy axis. A temperature difference ΔT was then applied in this state, and the open-circuit voltage V (Circle number 1) was measured. Next, the same procedure was followed for SmCo5 and Nd2Fe magnets. 14 Magnet B was subjected to a total of -8T, +8T, and -8T three times, reversing the magnetization sequence, and the open-circuit voltage (Circle numbers 2-4) was measured each time. The inset is a diagram showing the sign reversal of the anomalous Nernst voltage converted to V / ΔT and accompanied by magnetization reversal. Figure 7 In the diagram, the applied temperature difference ΔT (K) is plotted on the horizontal axis, and the electromotive force V (mV) of the fabricated horizontal thermoelectric module is plotted on the vertical axis. Figure 7 In the middle, based on SmCo5 magnets and Nd2Fe 14 The anomalous Nernst coefficient S of magnet B is respectively ANE The anomalous Nernst voltage, calculated based on temperature difference, dimensions, and number of layers, is represented by a dashed line as the calculated value (Calc.). Figure 7 The measured results show that the open-circuit voltage behaves symmetrically with respect to the magnetization direction, and it is in good agreement with the calculated value of the anomalous Nernst voltage. This confirms that the open-circuit voltage V obtained in the experiment is caused by the anomalous Nernst effect.

[0126] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the power generation performance of a horizontal thermoelectric module manufactured as an example. Using four temperature differences ΔT = 21 K, 39 K, 60 K, and 75 K as parameters, the horizontal axis represents the scanned load current I under the applied temperature difference ΔT. load(mA), the left vertical axis represents the measured voltage V (mV), and the right vertical axis represents the voltage V (mV) and load current I. load The power generation P (μW) is the product of (mA). The measured maximum power generation of 177 μW was obtained at a temperature difference ΔT = 75 K. This power generation, when converted to a unit contact area, becomes a power generation density of 65 μW / cm².

[0127] The invention made by the inventor has been specifically described above based on the embodiments, but the invention is not limited thereto, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from its spirit.

[0128] Symbol explanation: 1. 1-1, 1-2 Thermoelectric material; 2. 2-1, 2-2 Insulation layer; 3. 3-1, 3-2 Insulation region; 4. 4-1, 4-2, 4-3 Electrode region; 5. 5-1, 5-2 Magnetization component perpendicular to the laminated surface; 10. 11, 12 Thermoelectric laminate; 20-1, 20-2 Driving electric field; 30 Temperature gradient; 41-46 Cutouts in the thermoelectric material layer; 100 Thermoelectric device.

Claims

1. A thermoelectric laminate comprising a thermoelectric material layer and an insulating layer, the thermoelectric material layer having a first side and a second side facing each other, the insulating layer being laminated on the first side of the thermoelectric material layer. The thermoelectric laminate is characterized in that... The thermoelectric material layer has a magnetization component perpendicular to the first surface and the second surface. The insulating layer has an insulating region that electrically insulates the thermoelectric material layer from the thermoelectric material layers of the other thermoelectric layers when other thermoelectric layers are stacked on the surface opposite to the thermoelectric material layer, and an electrode region that electrically connects the thermoelectric material layer to the thermoelectric material layers of the other thermoelectric layers.

2. The thermoelectric laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating layer extends from the end of the first surface toward the side of the thermoelectric material layer, and the electrode region is located in the extended area.

3. The thermoelectric laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the electrode region of the isolation layer is stacked with other thermoelectric laminates on the face opposite to the thermoelectric material layer, it is sandwiched between the thermoelectric material layer and the thermoelectric material layer of the other thermoelectric laminates.

4. The thermoelectric laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The thermoelectric material layer has a three-dimensional shape that fits into the insulating layer on the surface that contacts the insulating layer.

5. The thermoelectric laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The isolation layer is designated as the first isolation layer, the insulating region as the first insulating region, and the electrode region as the first electrode region. It has a second isolation layer superimposed on the second surface. The second insulating layer has a second insulating region that electrically insulates the thermoelectric material layer from the thermoelectric material layer of the other thermoelectric layer when other thermoelectric layers are stacked on the face opposite to the thermoelectric material layer, by the magnetic force of the magnetization component, and a second electrode region that electrically connects the thermoelectric material layer to the thermoelectric material layer of the other thermoelectric layer.

6. The thermoelectric laminate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first electrode region and the second electrode region are positioned at mutually separated locations within the plane obtained by viewing the first surface and the second surface from above.

7. The thermoelectric laminate according to claim 3, characterized in that, The insulating area is adhesive.

8. The thermoelectric laminate according to claim 7, characterized in that, The insulating area can be peeled off.

9. The thermoelectric laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The thermoelectric material layer is composed of two or more thermoelectric materials.

10. The thermoelectric laminate according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thermoelectric material layer is formed by stacking two or more individual thermoelectric material layers.

11. A thermoelectric device, characterized in that, The thermoelectric laminate of any one of claims 1 to 10, namely, one or more first thermoelectric laminates having positive transverse thermoelectric energy in the thermoelectric material layer, and the thermoelectric laminate of any one of claims 1 to 10, namely, one or more second thermoelectric laminates having negative transverse thermoelectric energy in the thermoelectric material layer, are alternately connected by magnetic force of their respective magnetization components to clamp their respective isolation layers, and are electrically connected through the electrode regions of the isolation layers.

12. The thermoelectric device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The thermoelectric material of the first thermoelectric laminate is a magnetic material whose main component is at least one selected from the group consisting of Sm-Co alloy, Co2MnGa alloy, Co2Mn(Al,Si) alloy, Co, Fe-Ga alloy, Fe-Al alloy, FePt alloy, FePd alloy, Fe3Sn2 alloy, and iron nitride (Fe4N). The thermoelectric material of the second thermoelectric laminate is a magnetic material whose main component is at least one selected from the group consisting of NdFeB alloy, MnGa alloy, Fe and Co-Gd alloy.

13. A thermoelectric device comprising alternating layers of one or more first thermoelectric material layers having positive transverse thermoelectric energy and one or more second thermoelectric material layers having negative transverse thermoelectric energy, sandwiched between insulating layers. The thermoelectric device is characterized in that... The first thermoelectric material layer and the second thermoelectric material layer have magnetization components perpendicular to the stacked surfaces and in the same direction. The insulating layer has an insulating region that electrically insulates a first thermoelectric material layer and a second thermoelectric material layer that are adjacent to each other by magnetic force using the magnetization component, and an electrode region that electrically connects the first thermoelectric material layer and the second thermoelectric material layer that are adjacent to each other by magnetic force using the magnetization component. The electrode regions that are in contact with both sides of the first thermoelectric material layer and the second thermoelectric material layer are arranged in their respective thermoelectric material layers at a position that is isolated in a direction perpendicular to both the direction of lamination and the direction in which the temperature gradient is applied.

14. The thermoelectric device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The insulating layer extends from the end of the stacked surface toward the side of the thermoelectric material layer, and has the electrode region in the extended area.

15. The thermoelectric device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first thermoelectric material layer and the second thermoelectric material layer, which are adjacent to each other, are stacked in a way that clamps the insulating layer and are detachably stacked using the magnetic force of the magnetization component.

16. The thermoelectric device according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that, The first thermoelectric material layer and the second thermoelectric material layer have a three-dimensional shape that fits into the insulating layer on at least one side that is in close contact with the electrode region of the insulating layer.

17. The thermoelectric device according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that, The first thermoelectric material is a magnetic material whose main component is at least one selected from the group consisting of Sm-Co alloy, Co2MnGa alloy, Co2Mn(Al,Si) alloy, Co, Fe-Ga alloy, Fe-Al alloy, FePt alloy, FePd alloy, Fe3Sn2 alloy, and iron nitride (Fe4N). The second thermoelectric material is a magnetic material whose main component is at least one selected from the group consisting of NdFeB alloy, MnGa alloy, Fe, and Co-Gd alloy.

18. The thermoelectric device according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that, At least one of the first thermoelectric material layer and the second thermoelectric material layer is a laminate composed of multiple layers of thermoelectric materials that are different from each other.

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