Fully automatic riveting machine and method for riveting

Abstract

The application relates to a full-automatic riveting machine and a riveting method thereof, which are used for automatic riveting of a centrifugal impeller and are composed of a rack, a workbench and a controller. The workbench is provided with a riveting support, a positioning plate for positioning the centrifugal impeller and a radial positioning assembly are installed on the riveting support, the lifting supports are symmetrically arranged upwards and downwards, the lifting supports are respectively driven by top air cylinders and bottom air cylinders, a riveting disc driven by a rotary motor is arranged on each support, unique first and second riveting block groups are arranged on the riveting disc, the blade riveting pieces are pre-bent twice through forward and reverse rotation of the riveting disc, and the final riveting is completed by the air cylinders, so that all the riveting pieces are uniformly stressed, a damping shock-absorbing plate is further arranged to realize axial positioning and buffering, full-automatic axial and radial positioning, step-by-step pre-bending and riveting of the centrifugal impeller under one-time clamping are realized, riveting efficiency and product quality are improved, and the structure is ingenious, convenient and practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of press riveting of centrifugal impellers, and particularly to a fully automatic press riveting machine and its press riveting method. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of fluid machinery such as centrifugal fans and blowers, the centrifugal impeller's structural strength, dynamic balance performance, and assembly precision directly affect the overall efficiency, noise level, and service life of the machine. A typical centrifugal impeller usually consists of a blade assembly with multiple blades in the middle, and upper and lower covers located at the upper and lower ends of the blade assembly, respectively. Riveting tabs are pre-formed on the blades. These tabs pass through corresponding through holes in the upper and lower covers, and are then bent and pressed onto the covers, thus achieving a firm connection between the blades and the covers. This process is called press riveting.

[0003] Existing equipment often suffers from the following limitations: First, insufficient positioning accuracy makes it difficult to simultaneously and accurately position the impeller axially and radially during the riveting process, especially during multi-station or rotary riveting, which can easily lead to misalignment and affect the riveting quality. Second, the riveting action is usually relatively simple. For all the riveting pieces distributed on the circumference, the equipment often needs to perform complex indexing rotations or use multiple independent drive mechanisms to complete all the riveting, resulting in complex equipment structure, high cost, cumbersome control, and difficult maintenance. Third, the lack of an effective buffering and pressure control mechanism makes it easy to cause rigid impacts to the blades or cover during the riveting process, which may lead to deformation or damage to the components. Fourth, for the bending and forming of the riveting pieces, most are directly pressed into place in one step, which can easily cause stress concentration or material wrinkles during the final riveting, affecting the connection strength and appearance, which is very inconvenient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first objective of this invention is to provide a fully automatic riveting machine with an ingenious structure. After the centrifugal impeller is positioned and installed, it pre-bends each riveting piece before riveting. Then, it bends and rivets the riveting pieces that were not riveted during the initial riveting process, thereby achieving a stable and efficient connection of the centrifugal impeller. It can ensure that the riveting pieces rotating at different indexes are pre-bent. At the same time, the pre-bending method also avoids rigid impact on the cover or blades during the riveting process, ensuring the efficiency, quality, and overall aesthetics of the forming process. It is highly efficient and convenient.

[0005] The technical solution for achieving the objective of this invention is as follows: This invention comprises a controller, a frame, and a working platform mounted on the frame; the working platform is provided with a riveting bracket for placing a centrifugal impeller, and the riveting bracket is provided with a riveting device for riveting a blade assembly consisting of multiple blades on the centrifugal impeller to covers located at the upper and lower ends of the blade assembly; the riveting device includes a positioning plate mounted on the riveting bracket for positioning and installing the centrifugal impeller, positioning components located on both sides of the positioning plate for radial positioning of the centrifugal impeller, and a top cylinder mounted on the frame for driving and lifting the riveting bracket. The system includes a first lifting bracket on the riveting support and above the positioning plate; a second lifting bracket on the riveting support and below the positioning plate, driven by a bottom cylinder on the working platform; and a riveting assembly on each lifting bracket that can rivet the rivet pieces on each blade onto the corresponding cover. The riveting assembly includes a rotary motor fixed to each lifting bracket, a riveting disc rotating on the lifting bracket under the drive of the rotary motor, and a riveting block assembly on the riveting disc. The riveting block assembly includes a first riveting block assembly and a second riveting block assembly. The first set includes multiple first riveting blocks that can pre-bend the rivet pieces passing through each cover when the riveting plate rotates forward. The second set of riveting blocks includes multiple second riveting blocks that can pre-bend the rivet pieces not in contact with the first riveting blocks when the riveting plate rotates in the reverse direction. The lower end of the first lifting bracket is provided with a first damping plate that reciprocates and slides on the lifting bracket under the action of a damping element. The first damping plate presses against the cover at the upper end of the centrifugal impeller by driving the first lifting bracket through a top cylinder, and forms axial positioning of the centrifugal impeller through cooperation with a positioning plate. Each positioning component is located at each first riveting block and After the second riveting block extends into the corresponding cover body, it radially positions both ends of the centrifugal blade. The top cylinder, bottom cylinder, and each rotary motor are all electrically connected to the controller. Each first riveting block pre-bends the riveting piece by driving the riveting plate through the rotary motor, and then presses the pre-bent riveting piece onto the cover body by driving the lifting bracket through the top cylinder or bottom cylinder. Each second riveting block pre-bends the riveting piece that is not in contact with the first riveting block by driving the riveting plate through the rotary motor, and then presses the pre-bent riveting piece onto the cover body by driving the lifting bracket through the top cylinder or bottom cylinder.

[0006] Furthermore, the aforementioned first lifting bracket includes a first lifting plate slidably mounted on a riveting bracket, a plurality of first connecting columns mounted on the first lifting plate, and a first mounting plate slidably connected to each of the first connecting columns. The telescopic end of the top cylinder is fixed on the first lifting plate. The first damping plate is also slidably connected to each of the first connecting columns and located below the first mounting plate. Each of the first connecting columns is fitted with a first compression spring. The two ends of each first compression spring act on the first damping plate and the first mounting plate, respectively. The rotary motor on the first lifting bracket is mounted on the first mounting plate. The riveting plate is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate. The first damping plate is provided with an upper positioning hole that can position and press the upper cover and allows each of the first and second riveting blocks to pass through. The upper positioning hole positions and presses the upper cover of the centrifugal impeller by driving the first lifting plate with the top cylinder and by the continuous force applied to the first damping plate by each of the first compression springs.

[0007] Furthermore, the upper end of the first lifting plate is provided with a pressure sensor, the telescopic end of the top cylinder is connected to the pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller, the side of the first lifting plate is provided with multiple side adjustment rods, the upper end of each side adjustment rod is rotatably set at the bottom of the first lifting plate, the lower end of each side adjustment rod is provided with a threaded part, the positioning plate is provided with threaded holes corresponding to each threaded part, and the initial height of the first lifting plate is adjusted by the threaded engagement of the threaded part and the threaded hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the aforementioned riveting bracket includes a positioning bracket fixed to the working platform and multiple positioning guide rods fixed to the positioning bracket. The first lifting plate is slidably connected to each positioning guide rod, and the positioning plate is also connected to each positioning guide rod. The positioning plate is located between the first lifting plate and the positioning bracket. The second lifting bracket includes multiple second connecting columns disposed on the positioning bracket and second damping plates slidably connected to each second connecting column. Each second connecting column is fixed to the positioning bracket and the positioning plate respectively. The telescopic end of the bottom cylinder is fixed to the second damping plate. Each second connecting column is fitted with a second compression spring, and the two ends of the second compression spring act on the second damping plate and the positioning plate respectively. The positioning plate is provided with a lower positioning hole for positioning and pressing the cover at the lower end of the centrifugal impeller. The rivet plate located at the lower end of the positioning plate is fixedly set on the second damping plate. Each first rivet block extends into the cover body through the drive of the second damping plate by the bottom cylinder, and each rivet piece is pre-bent by the drive of the rivet plate by the rotary motor, and then each rivet piece is pressed and riveted by the drive of the second damping plate by the bottom cylinder. Each second rivet block extends into the cover body through the drive of the second damping plate by the bottom cylinder, and each rivet piece that is not in contact with the first rivet block is pre-bent by the drive of the rivet plate by the rotary motor, and then each rivet piece is pressed and riveted by the drive of the second damping plate by the bottom cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, a rotary motor is fixedly installed on both the first mounting plate and the second damping plate. Each rotary motor has a transmission gear at its output end, and each riveting plate has an external toothed part coaxially arranged with the riveting plate. The riveting plate on the first mounting plate is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate through the drive of the transmission gear by the rotary motor and the transmission engagement between the transmission gear and the external toothed part. The riveting plate on the second damping plate is rotatably connected to the second damping plate through the drive of the transmission gear by the rotary motor and the transmission engagement between the transmission gear and the external toothed part.

[0010] Furthermore, the aforementioned positioning assembly includes a side bracket fixed to the positioning plate, a side cylinder fixed to the side bracket, a side mounting block fixed to the telescopic end of the side cylinder, and an arc-shaped pressure plate fixed to each side mounting block. The side cylinder is electrically connected to the controller. The sliding direction of each side mounting block is perpendicular to the axis of the pressure plate. The arc-shaped pressure plates on each side mounting block are arranged opposite to each other. Each arc-shaped pressure plate radially positions the blade assembly on the centrifugal impeller by driving the side mounting block through the side cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the positioning plate is provided with oppositely arranged slide rail groups, each slide rail group including two parallel side slide rails, each side mounting block is provided with a side slider adapted to each side slide rail, and each side mounting block is slidably connected to the positioning plate through the sliding cooperation of each side slider and side slide rail.

[0012] Furthermore, the aforementioned frame is equipped with oppositely arranged detection gratings, each of which is electrically connected to the controller.

[0013] Furthermore, the aforementioned rack is also equipped with a control panel that is electrically connected to the controller, and the control panel has an operation panel.

[0014] The second objective of this invention is to provide a riveting method based on a fully automatic riveting machine, which ensures the high efficiency of each centrifugal impeller during the riveting process through orderly steps, and also ensures the consistency of the riveted centrifugal impellers, resulting in high efficiency and stability.

[0015] The technical solution to achieve the objective of this invention is as follows: This invention includes the following steps: S1. Product loading: The rivet pieces on each blade are installed to the cover by plugging them in to form a centrifugal impeller. The centrifugal impeller is placed on the positioning plate, and the cover at the lower end of the centrifugal impeller is pressed against the lower positioning hole of the positioning plate. S2, Axial Positioning: The controller sends a drive signal to the top cylinder. The top cylinder drives the first damping plate on the first lifting bracket to press against the cover at the top of the centrifugal impeller and then stops driving. Each of the first and second rivet blocks on the first lifting bracket extends into the cover at the top of the centrifugal impeller. The centrifugal impeller is axially positioned by pressing against the cover at the top of the centrifugal impeller through the upper positioning hole on the first damping plate and against the cover at the bottom of the centrifugal impeller through the lower positioning hole on the positioning plate. At the same time, the controller sends a drive signal to the bottom cylinder, which drives the second lifting bracket to lift. After the first and second rivet blocks on the second lifting bracket extend into the cover at the lower end of the centrifugal impeller, the bottom cylinder stops driving. S3, Radial Positioning: The controller sends drive signals to each side cylinder, and each side cylinder drives each side mounting block and the arc-shaped pressure plate on the side mounting block to press against the blade assembly, thereby achieving radial positioning of the centrifugal impeller. S4. Initial pre-bending and riveting: The controller sends a drive signal to each rotary motor. The rotary motor drives each riveting plate to rotate in the forward direction through the cooperation of the transmission gear and the external gear. During the forward rotation of the riveting plate, each first riveting block on the riveting plate presses against each corresponding riveting piece and forms a bend. After the bend is completed, each riveting plate stops rotating. The controller sends a drive signal to the top cylinder and the bottom cylinder. The riveting plates on the first lifting bracket and the second lifting bracket slide into the corresponding cover body. With the sliding of the riveting plate, each first riveting block rivets the bent riveting piece onto the corresponding cover body. After the riveting is completed, each riveting plate returns to the position in S2. S5. Secondary pre-bending and riveting: The controller sends a drive signal to each rotary motor. The rotary motor drives each riveting plate to rotate in the opposite direction through the cooperation of the transmission gear and the external gear. During the reverse rotation of the riveting plate, each second riveting block on the riveting plate presses against the rivet piece that did not contact the first riveting block during the initial pre-bending and riveting process and forms a bend. After the bend is completed, each riveting plate stops rotating. The controller sends a drive signal to the top cylinder and the bottom cylinder. The riveting plates on the first lifting bracket and the second lifting bracket slide into the corresponding cover body. With the sliding of the riveting plate, each second riveting block rivets the bent rivet piece onto the corresponding cover body. S6. Reset and unloading: The controller sends drive signals to the top cylinder and the bottom cylinder. The first lifting bracket is reset under the drive of the top cylinder, and the second lifting bracket is reset under the drive of the bottom cylinder. The controller sends drive signals to the side cylinders. Each side cylinder drives each arc-shaped pressure plate to reset, and then the centrifugal impeller after being pressed and riveted is taken out.

[0016] The present invention has the following positive effects: (1) The present invention uses a riveting device on the riveting bracket to rivet the cover and blade assembly on the centrifugal impeller. The first lifting bracket and the second lifting bracket are set at the upper and lower ends of the positioning plate to rivet the cover on the upper and lower end faces of the blade assembly simultaneously. Before riveting, the first damping plate presses against the cover and the positioning plate presses against the centrifugal impeller, thus forming the axial positioning of the centrifugal impeller. The radial positioning of the centrifugal impeller is formed by the pressing of the sides of the centrifugal impeller by each positioning component. Through the setting of axial positioning and radial positioning, the stability of the centrifugal impeller during the riveting process is ensured. During the process, each of the first and second riveting blocks is suspended within the cover body, providing riveting space. Within the upper cover body, the first damping plate, the damping element, and the pressure of the first damping plate against the cover body create space for the first and second riveting blocks on the first lifting bracket to move up and down for riveting. The first and second riveting blocks on the second lifting bracket reserve riveting space through the drive of the bottom cylinder. During riveting, the first riveting block first pre-bends each rivet piece through the forward rotation of the riveting disc, and then performs riveting through the drive of the top and bottom cylinders. The second riveting block first... The device pre-bends the rivet pieces that are not yet riveted by the first riveting blocks, and then performs riveting by driving the top and bottom cylinders. The use of multiple first and second riveting blocks effectively solves the problem of poor applicability in existing riveting equipment. Furthermore, by performing pre-bending before riveting through the forward rotation of the first riveting blocks and pre-bending before riveting through the reverse rotation of the second riveting blocks, the device avoids the problem of rigid impact on blades or covers that could cause deformation or damage to components. It also solves the problem of stress concentration or material wrinkling during final riveting caused by one-step pressing in existing technologies. To address issues affecting connection strength and appearance, the integrated controller, dual lifting brackets, and riveting assembly achieve full automation from positioning to riveting, significantly reducing manual intervention and improving production efficiency. It is particularly suitable for the mass production of centrifugal impellers. Through axial and radial dual positioning, it ensures the absolute stability of the workpiece during the riveting process. The first and second riveting blocks are pre-bent in stages and then riveted in the final stage, which can uniformly and reliably bend and press all circumferentially distributed riveting pieces without omission. The staged pre-bending allows for orderly and interference-free processing of centrifugal impellers with complex structures and densely distributed riveting pieces, improving the equipment's adaptability to complex processes.

[0017] (2) By setting the damping element as a first compression spring, the first damping plate is connected to the first mounting plate through the first compression spring. Under the drive of the top cylinder, it can first contact the workpiece and apply pressure. The riveting plate and riveting block then move, providing flexible buffer during riveting to avoid rigid impact causing deformation of the precision cover or blade. At the same time, it ensures the stability of axial positioning and the uniform transmission of riveting force. In addition, through the cooperation of the first damping plate and the first compression spring, it also ensures that the first riveting block and the second riveting block on the first lifting bracket can be in a suspended state after being inserted into the cover, thus providing sufficient riveting space for the riveting of the first riveting block and the second riveting block. The rotary motor and the riveting plate are installed on the first mounting plate, while the damping and positioning functions are undertaken by the first damping plate. The functional modules are clear and easy to maintain. The upper positioning hole has both positioning and avoidance functions, and the structure is compact.

[0018] (3) By setting a pressure sensor on the first lifting plate, the present invention realizes real-time monitoring and closed-loop control of the riveting force. The controller can accurately control the pressure of the top cylinder according to the feedback, ensuring that the riveting force is consistent each time, greatly improving the product qualification rate and preventing overpressure damage. At the same time, the initial height of the first lifting plate can be finely adjusted by the cooperation between the side adjustment rod and the threaded hole on the positioning plate, so as to adapt to centrifugal impellers of different models or with manufacturing tolerances, enhancing the versatility and production flexibility of the equipment, and having good adjustability and applicability.

[0019] (4) By setting a positioning guide rod, the present invention provides a solid guiding support for the first lifting plate and the positioning plate, ensuring the linear accuracy of the movement of the upper riveting component and the rigidity of the overall frame. The second lifting bracket adopts the cooperation of the second damping plate and the second compression spring, so that the lower riveting process also has a buffering function, realizing the force balance and synchronous protection of the upper and lower riveting actions, ensuring that the workpiece is subjected to uniform force at both ends and avoiding twisting. In addition, by setting a lower positioning hole on the positioning plate, it works in conjunction with the upper positioning hole of the first damping plate to jointly form a precise axial positioning reference for the workpiece.

[0020] (5) By setting the rotary motor on the first mounting plate and the second damping plate, the present invention can ensure the synchronization of the rotary motor and the riveting plate during the up and down movement, avoid misalignment between the transmission gear and the external gear and affect the transmission. Compared with belt drive and other methods that may slip, the meshing transmission method of the transmission gear and the external gear has higher transmission accuracy and torque carrying capacity, ensuring that the angle control of the riveting plate is accurate when it is in forward and reverse rotation, thereby ensuring the consistency of the pre-bending angle. The gear transmission structure is compact, which is conducive to arranging large torque rotary drive components in the limited space of the lifting bracket.

[0021] (6) By setting up a positioning component with relative arrangement, the present invention achieves automatic radial clamping of the blade group by driving the arc-shaped pressure plate with a side cylinder. The positioning is fast and accurate, replacing the manual clamp, improving the degree of automation and production cycle. The shape of the arc-shaped pressure plate is adapted to the outer contour of the blade group, increasing the contact area. While providing sufficient positioning force, it disperses the pressure and avoids indentation or local deformation on the blade surface.

[0022] (7) The present invention provides a side slider at the bottom of the side mounting block and a side slide rail set opposite to each other on the positioning plate. The precision linear guide pair formed by the side slider and the side slide rail ensures that the side mounting block and the arc-shaped pressure plate move smoothly and without shaking during the radial positioning process, with high repeatability and ensuring the consistency of positioning of each workpiece in mass production.

[0023] (8) By setting a detection grating on the frame, the present invention can monitor the working area when the equipment is running. Once a person's limb or foreign object enters the dangerous area, it can immediately send a signal to the controller and trigger the shutdown, effectively preventing safety accidents. At the same time, it can also prevent equipment collisions or workpiece damage caused by misoperation or foreign object interference.

[0024] (9) By setting up a control screen and control panel, the present invention provides a graphical and digital control interface, which makes it convenient for operators to set parameters such as pressure and speed, as well as program calls, status monitoring and fault code lookup. It can also be connected to the host computer to record production data and provide a basis for process analysis and continuous improvement.

[0025] (10) This invention sets up a riveting method based on a fully automatic riveting machine, which decomposes the riveting process into product loading, axial positioning, radial positioning, initial pre-bending and riveting, secondary pre-bending and riveting, and resetting and unloading. Each step is precisely controlled by the controller, ensuring the standardization and replicability of the production process and minimizing the impact of human factors on product quality. The method clarifies the timing and coordination relationship of axial positioning, radial positioning, bidirectional pre-bending and riveting, enabling efficient cooperation among various execution units of the equipment and optimizing the processing cycle of a single product. Through the two stages of initial pre-bending and riveting and secondary pre-bending and riveting, the method ensures that all riveting pieces can be processed sequentially and effectively without omission, ultimately forming a strong and consistent riveting effect. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein... Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fully automatic riveting machine in this invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the riveting device in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the riveting bracket and the riveting assembly in this invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the connection structure between the riveting bracket and the riveting assembly in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first lifting support in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second lifting bracket in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pressure riveting plate in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the positioning component in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the side adjustment rod in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the centrifugal impeller in this invention; The attached figures are labeled as follows: Frame 1, Control Panel 11, Detection Grating 12, Top Cylinder 13, Working Platform 2, Bottom Cylinder 21, First Lifting Bracket 3, First Lifting Plate 31, First Connecting Column 32, First Mounting Plate 33, First Compression Spring 34, First Shock Absorber 35, Pressure Sensor 36, Second Lifting Bracket 4, Second Connecting Column 41, Second Shock Absorber 42, Second Compression Spring 43, Riveting Assembly 5, Rotary Motor 51, Transmission Gear 52, Riveting Plate 53, External Gear 54, First Riveting Block 55, Second Riveting Block 56, Positioning Assembly 6, Side Bracket 60, Side Cylinder 61, Side Mounting Block 62, Arc-shaped Pressure Plate 63, Side Slider 64, Side Slide Rail 65, Riveting Bracket 7, Positioning Guide Rod 71, Positioning Bracket 72, Positioning Plate 73, Lower Positioning Hole 74, Side Adjusting Rod 75, Threaded Part 751, Centrifugal Impeller A, Blade A1, Cover A2, Riveting Plate A3. Detailed Implementation

[0027] See Figures 1 to 10The present invention includes a controller, a frame 1, and a working platform 2 mounted on the frame 1. The working platform 2 is provided with a riveting bracket 7 for placing a centrifugal impeller A. The riveting bracket 7 is provided with a riveting device for riveting a blade assembly consisting of multiple blades A1 on the centrifugal impeller A to a cover A2 located at the upper and lower ends of the blade assembly. The riveting device includes a positioning plate 73 mounted on the riveting bracket 7 for positioning and installing the centrifugal impeller A, positioning components 6 located on both sides of the positioning plate 73 for radial positioning of the centrifugal impeller A, and a first positioning component 6 located on the riveting bracket 7 and above the positioning plate 73, which is driven and lifted by a top cylinder 13 mounted on the frame 1. A lifting bracket 3; a second lifting bracket 4, driven by a bottom cylinder 21 mounted on a working platform 2 and positioned below a positioning plate 7, and a riveting assembly 5 mounted on each lifting bracket to rivet the rivet pieces A3 on each blade A1 to the corresponding cover A2. The riveting assembly 5 includes a rotary motor 51 fixed to each lifting bracket, a riveting disc 53 rotated on the lifting bracket under the drive of the rotary motor 51, and a riveting block assembly on the riveting disc 53. The riveting block assembly includes a first riveting block assembly and a second riveting block assembly. The first riveting block assembly includes multiple riveting blocks that can be used to press the rivet pieces A3 on each blade A1 onto the corresponding cover A2 when the riveting disc 53 rotates in the forward direction. Each cover A2 has a first rivet block 55 for pre-bending the rivet pieces A3. The second rivet block group includes multiple second rivet blocks 56 that can pre-bend the rivet pieces A3 that are not in contact with the first rivet block 55 when the rivet disc 53 rotates in the opposite direction. The lower end of the first lifting bracket 3 is provided with a first damping plate 35 that is reciprocally slidably mounted on the lifting bracket under the action of a damping element. The first damping plate 35 presses against the cover A2 at the upper end of the centrifugal impeller A by driving the first lifting bracket 3 through the top cylinder 13, and forms an axial position for the centrifugal impeller A through cooperation with the positioning plate 73. Each positioning component 6 extends into the corresponding cover A2 when each first rivet block 55 and second rivet block 56 extends into the corresponding cover A2. The centrifugal blades A1 are radially positioned at both ends. The top cylinder 13, bottom cylinder 21, and each rotary motor 51 are electrically connected to the controller. Each first riveting block 55 pre-bends the riveting piece A3 by driving the riveting plate 53 through the rotary motor 51, and then presses the pre-bent riveting piece A3 onto the cover A2 by driving the lifting bracket through the top cylinder 13 or bottom cylinder 21. Each second riveting block 56 pre-bends the riveting piece A3 that is not in contact with the first riveting block by driving the riveting plate 53 through the rotary motor 51, and then presses the pre-bent riveting piece A3 onto the cover A2 by driving the lifting bracket through the top cylinder 13 or bottom cylinder 21.

[0028] By setting a riveting device on the riveting bracket 7, the cover A2 and the blade assembly on the centrifugal impeller A are riveted. The first lifting bracket 3 and the second lifting bracket 4 are set at the upper and lower ends of the positioning plate 73 respectively to simultaneously rivet the cover A2 on the upper and lower end faces of the blade assembly. Before riveting, the first damping plate 35 presses against the cover A2 and the positioning plate 73 presses against the centrifugal impeller A, thus forming the axial positioning of the centrifugal impeller A. By pressing against the side of the centrifugal impeller A by each positioning component 6, the radial positioning of the centrifugal impeller A is formed. Through the setting of axial positioning and radial positioning, the stability of the centrifugal impeller A during the riveting process is ensured. During the positioning process, each of the first riveting blocks 55 and the second riveting blocks 56 is suspended inside the cover A2 and provided with riveting space. The upper cover A2 is provided with space for each of the first riveting blocks 55 and the second riveting blocks 56 on the first lifting bracket 3 to lift and rivet through the setting of the first damping plate 35, the action of the damping component, and the pressure of the first damping plate 35 on the cover A2. The first riveting blocks 55 and the second riveting blocks 56 on the second lifting bracket 4 are reserved with riveting space by the drive of the bottom cylinder 21. During the riveting process, the first riveting block 55 pre-bends each rivet piece A3 by the forward rotation of the riveting disc 53, and then performs riveting by the drive of the top cylinder 13 and the bottom cylinder 21. The second riveting block 56 pre-bends each rivet piece A3 not riveted by the first riveting block 55 by the reverse rotation of the riveting disc 53, and then performs riveting by the drive of the top cylinder 13 and the bottom cylinder 21. The arrangement of multiple first riveting blocks 55 and second riveting blocks 56 effectively solves the problem of poor applicability of existing riveting equipment. Furthermore, the forward rotation of the first riveting block 55 performs pre-bending before riveting, which... The second riveting block 56 rotates in the opposite direction to perform pre-bending and then riveting. On the one hand, it solves the problem in the prior art that the blade A1 or cover A2 is easily subjected to rigid impact, which may lead to deformation or damage to the parts. On the other hand, it also solves the problem in the prior art that one-step pressing can easily cause stress concentration or material wrinkling during the final riveting, affecting the connection strength and appearance. The integrated controller, double lifting bracket and riveting assembly 5 realize the full automation of the process from positioning to riveting, significantly reducing manual intervention and improving production efficiency. It is especially suitable for the mass production of centrifugal impeller A. Through axial and radial dual positioning, it ensures the absolute stability of the workpiece during the riveting process. The first lifting bracket 3 includes a first lifting plate 31 slidably mounted on a riveting bracket 7, a plurality of first connecting columns 32 mounted on the first lifting plate 31, and a first mounting plate 33 slidably connected to each of the first connecting columns 32. The telescopic end of the top cylinder 13 is fixed on the first lifting plate 31. The first damping plate 35 is also slidably connected to each of the first connecting columns 32 and located below the first mounting plate 33. Each of the first connecting columns 32 is fitted with a first compression spring 34, and the two ends of each first compression spring 34 act on the first damping plate 35. On plate 35 and first mounting plate 33, the rotary motor 51 on the first lifting bracket 3 is mounted on the first mounting plate 33, the rivet plate 53 is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate 33, and the first damping plate 35 is provided with an upper positioning hole that can position and press the upper cover A2 and allow each first rivet block 55 and second rivet block 56 to pass through. The upper positioning hole positions and presses the cover A2 at the upper end of the centrifugal impeller A by driving the first lifting plate 31 with the top cylinder 13 and by the continuous force applied to the first damping plate 35 by each first compression spring 34.

[0029] The upper end of the first lifting plate 31 is provided with a pressure sensor 36, and the telescopic end of the top cylinder 13 is connected to the pressure sensor 36. The pressure sensor 36 is electrically connected to the controller. The side of the first lifting plate 31 is provided with multiple side adjustment rods 75. The upper end of each side adjustment rod 75 is rotatably set at the bottom of the first lifting plate 31, and the lower end of each side adjustment rod 75 is provided with a threaded part 751. The positioning plate 73 is provided with threaded holes corresponding to each threaded part 751. The initial height of the first lifting plate 31 is adjusted by the threaded engagement between the threaded part 751 and the threaded hole.

[0030] The installation of pressure sensor 36 enables real-time monitoring and closed-loop control of riveting force. The controller can accurately control the pressure of top cylinder 13 based on feedback, ensuring consistent riveting force each time, greatly improving product qualification rate and preventing overpressure damage. At the same time, the initial height of the first lifting plate 31 can be finely adjusted by the cooperation between the side adjusting rod 75 and the threaded hole on the positioning plate 73, thereby adapting to different models or centrifugal impellers A with manufacturing tolerances, enhancing the equipment's versatility and production flexibility, and providing good adjustability and applicability.

[0031] The riveting bracket 7 includes a positioning bracket 72 fixed on the working platform 2 and multiple positioning guide rods 71 ​​fixed on the positioning bracket 72. A first lifting plate 31 is slidably connected to each positioning guide rod 71, and a positioning plate 73 is also connected to each positioning guide rod 71. The positioning plate 73 is located between the first lifting plate 31 and the positioning bracket 72. The second lifting bracket 4 includes multiple second connecting columns 41 disposed on the positioning bracket 72 and second damping plates 42 slidably connected to each second connecting column 41. Each second connecting column 41 is fixed to the positioning bracket 72 and the positioning plate 73 respectively. The telescopic end of the bottom cylinder 21 is fixed to the second damping plate 42. A second compression spring 43 is sleeved on each second connecting column 41. The two ends of the second compression spring 43 act on the second damping plate 42 and the positioning plate 73 respectively. The 3 is provided with a lower positioning hole 74 for positioning and pressing the cover A2 at the lower end of the centrifugal impeller A. The pressing plate 53 located at the lower end of the positioning plate 73 is fixedly installed on the second damping plate 42. Each first pressing block 55 extends into the cover A2 through the drive of the bottom cylinder 21 to the second damping plate 42, and pre-bends each riveting piece A3 through the drive of the pressing plate 53 by the rotary motor 51, and then presses each riveting piece A3 through the drive of the bottom cylinder 21 to the second damping plate 42. Each second pressing block 56 extends into the cover A2 through the drive of the bottom cylinder 21 to the second damping plate 42, and pre-bends each riveting piece A3 that is not in contact with the first pressing block 55 through the drive of the pressing plate 53 by the rotary motor 51, and then presses each riveting piece A3 through the drive of the bottom cylinder 21 to the second damping plate 42.

[0032] A rotary motor 51 is fixedly installed on both the first mounting plate 33 and the second damping plate 42. Each rotary motor 51 has a transmission gear 52 at its output end. Each riveting plate 53 has an external toothed part 54 coaxially arranged with the riveting plate 53. The riveting plate 53 on the first mounting plate 33 is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate 33 through the drive of the transmission gear 52 by the rotary motor 51 and the transmission engagement between the transmission gear 52 and the external toothed part 54. The riveting plate 53 on the second damping plate 42 is rotatably connected to the second damping plate 42 through the drive of the transmission gear 52 by the rotary motor 51 and the transmission engagement between the transmission gear 52 and the external toothed part 54.

[0033] The positioning assembly 6 includes a side bracket 60 fixed on the positioning plate 73, a side cylinder 61 fixed on the side bracket 60, a side mounting block 62 fixed on the telescopic end of the side cylinder 61, and an arc-shaped pressure plate 63 fixed on each side mounting block 62. The side cylinder 61 is electrically connected to the controller. The sliding direction of each side mounting block 62 is perpendicular to the axis of the pressure plate 53. The arc-shaped pressure plates 63 on each side mounting block 62 are arranged opposite to each other. Each arc-shaped pressure plate 63 performs radial positioning of the blade group on the centrifugal impeller A by driving the side mounting block 62 through the side cylinder 61.

[0034] The positioning plate 73 is provided with oppositely arranged slide rail groups. Each slide rail group includes two parallel side slide rails 65. Each side mounting block 62 is provided with a side slider 64 adapted to each side slide rail 65. Each side mounting block 62 is slidably connected to the positioning plate 73 through the sliding cooperation of each side slider 64 and the side slide rail 65.

[0035] The frame 1 is provided with detection gratings 12 arranged opposite to each other, and each detection grating 12 is electrically connected to the controller.

[0036] The frame 1 is also equipped with a control panel 11 that is electrically connected to the controller, and the control panel 11 is equipped with an operation panel.

[0037] The present invention also relates to a riveting method based on a fully automatic riveting machine, comprising the following steps: S1. Product loading: The rivet pieces A3 on each blade A1 are installed with the cover A2 by plugging in to form a centrifugal impeller A. The centrifugal impeller A is placed on the positioning plate 73, and the cover A2 at the lower end of the centrifugal impeller A is pressed against the lower positioning hole 74 of the positioning plate 73. S2, Axial Positioning: The controller sends a drive signal to the top cylinder 13. The top cylinder 13 drives the first damping plate 35 on the first lifting bracket 3 to press against the cover A2 at the upper end of the centrifugal impeller A and then stops driving. The first rivet blocks 55 and the second rivet blocks 56 on the first lifting bracket 3 extend into the cover A2 at the upper end of the centrifugal impeller A. The centrifugal impeller A is axially positioned by the upper positioning hole on the first damping plate 35 pressing against the cover A2 at the upper end of the centrifugal impeller A and the lower positioning hole 74 on the positioning plate 73 pressing against the cover A2 at the lower end of the centrifugal impeller A. At the same time, the controller sends a drive signal to the bottom cylinder 21, which drives the second lifting bracket 4 to lift. After the first rivet blocks 55 and the second rivet blocks 56 on the second lifting bracket 4 extend into the cover A2 at the lower end of the centrifugal impeller A, the bottom cylinder 21 stops driving. S3, Radial positioning: The controller sends a drive signal to each side cylinder 61, and each side cylinder 61 drives each side mounting block 62 and the arc-shaped pressure plate 63 on the side mounting block 62 to press against the blade group, thereby achieving radial positioning of the centrifugal impeller A. S4. Initial pre-bending and riveting: The controller sends a drive signal to each rotary motor 51. The rotary motor 51 drives each riveting plate 53 to rotate in the forward direction through the cooperation of the transmission gear 52 and the external gear 54. During the forward rotation of the riveting plate 53, each first riveting block 55 on the riveting plate 53 presses against each corresponding riveting piece A3 and forms a bend. After the bend is completed, each riveting plate 53 stops rotating. The controller sends a drive signal to the top cylinder 13 and the bottom cylinder 21. The riveting plates 53 on the first lifting bracket 3 and the second lifting bracket 4 slide into the corresponding cover A2. With the sliding of the riveting plate 53, each first riveting block 55 rivets the bent riveting piece A3 onto the corresponding cover A2. After the riveting is completed, each riveting plate 53 returns to the position in S2. S5. Secondary pre-bending and riveting: The controller sends a drive signal to each rotary motor 51. The rotary motor 51 drives each riveting plate 53 to rotate in the opposite direction through the cooperation of the transmission gear 52 and the external gear 54. During the reverse rotation of the riveting plate 53, each second riveting block 56 on the riveting plate 53 presses against the riveting piece A3 that did not contact the first riveting block 55 during the initial pre-bending and riveting process and forms a bend. After the bend is completed, each riveting plate 53 stops rotating. The controller sends a drive signal to the top cylinder 13 and the bottom cylinder 21. The riveting plates 53 on the first lifting bracket 3 and the second lifting bracket 4 slide into the corresponding cover A2. With the sliding of the riveting plate 53, each second riveting block 56 rivets the bent riveting piece A3 onto the corresponding cover A2. S6. Reset and unloading: The controller sends drive signals to the top cylinder 13 and the bottom cylinder 21. The first lifting bracket 3 is reset under the drive of the top cylinder 13, and the second lifting bracket 4 is reset under the drive of the bottom cylinder 21. The controller sends drive signals to the side cylinders 61. Each side cylinder 61 drives each arc-shaped pressure plate 63 to reset, and then the centrifugal impeller A after being pressed and riveted is taken out.

[0038] By repeating this process, after the centrifugal impeller A is removed after being pressed and riveted, the centrifugal impeller A to be pressed and riveted is placed on the positioning plate 73, and the operation steps S1-S6 are repeated for pressing and riveting. The riveting direction of each riveting piece A3 after being pressed and riveted by each first riveting block 55 and the second riveting block 56 is set in the same direction, thereby ensuring the stability of the riveting between each cover and each blade A1. The structure is ingenious, stable and practical.

[0039] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic riveting machine, comprising a controller, a frame, and a work platform mounted on the frame; characterized in that: The working platform is equipped with a riveting bracket for placing a centrifugal impeller. The riveting bracket is equipped with a riveting device for riveting a blade assembly (composed of multiple blades on the centrifugal impeller) to covers located at the upper and lower ends of the blade assembly. The riveting device includes a positioning plate on the riveting bracket for positioning the centrifugal impeller; positioning components on both sides of the positioning plate for radial positioning of the centrifugal impeller; a first lifting bracket, driven by a top cylinder on the frame and positioned above the positioning plate; a second lifting bracket, driven by a bottom cylinder on the working platform and positioned below the positioning plate; and riveting components on each lifting bracket for riveting the rivets on each blade to the corresponding covers. Each riveting component includes a rotary motor fixed to each lifting bracket, a riveting disc rotating on the lifting bracket under the drive of the rotary motor, and a riveting block assembly on the riveting disc. The riveting block assembly includes a first riveting block assembly and a second riveting block assembly. The first riveting block assembly includes multiple riveting blocks that can be used to rivet the blades when the riveting disc rotates forward. The first rivet block pre-bends the rivet pieces of the cover. The second rivet block group includes multiple second rivet blocks that can pre-bend the rivet pieces that are not in contact with the first rivet block when the rivet plate rotates in the opposite direction. The lower end of the first lifting bracket is provided with a first damping plate that is reciprocally slidably mounted on the lifting bracket under the action of a damping element. The first damping plate presses against the cover at the upper end of the centrifugal impeller by driving the first lifting bracket through the top cylinder, and forms an axial position for the centrifugal impeller through cooperation with the positioning plate. Each positioning component extends into the corresponding first rivet block and second rivet block. The centrifugal blades are radially positioned inside the cover. The top cylinder, bottom cylinder, and each rotary motor are electrically connected to the controller. Each first riveting block pre-bends the riveting piece by driving the riveting plate through the rotary motor, and then presses the pre-bent riveting piece onto the cover by driving the lifting bracket through the top cylinder or bottom cylinder. Each second riveting block pre-bends the riveting piece that is not in contact with the first riveting block by driving the riveting plate through the rotary motor, and then presses the pre-bent riveting piece onto the cover by driving the lifting bracket through the top cylinder or bottom cylinder.

2. The fully automatic riveting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first lifting bracket includes a first lifting plate slidably mounted on a riveting bracket, a plurality of first connecting columns mounted on the first lifting plate, and a first mounting plate slidably connected to each of the first connecting columns. The telescopic end of the top cylinder is fixed on the first lifting plate. The first damping plate is also slidably connected to each of the first connecting columns and located below the first mounting plate. Each of the first connecting columns is fitted with a first compression spring. The two ends of each first compression spring act on the first damping plate and the first mounting plate, respectively. The rotary motor on the first lifting bracket is mounted on the first mounting plate. The riveting plate is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate. The first damping plate is provided with an upper positioning hole that can position and press the upper cover and allows each of the first and second riveting blocks to pass through. The upper positioning hole positions and presses the cover at the upper end of the centrifugal impeller by driving the first lifting plate with the top cylinder and by the continuous force applied to the first damping plate by each of the first compression springs.

3. The fully automatic riveting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first lifting plate is equipped with a pressure sensor at its upper end. The telescopic end of the top cylinder is connected to the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller. The first lifting plate is equipped with multiple side adjustment rods on its side. The upper end of each side adjustment rod is rotatably set at the bottom of the first lifting plate. The lower end of each side adjustment rod is equipped with a threaded part. The positioning plate is equipped with threaded holes corresponding to each threaded part. The first lifting plate adjusts its initial height through the threaded engagement of the threaded part and the threaded hole.

4. The fully automatic riveting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The riveting bracket includes a positioning bracket fixed to the working platform and multiple positioning guide rods fixed to the positioning bracket. A first lifting plate is slidably connected to each positioning guide rod, and a positioning plate is also connected to each positioning guide rod. The positioning plate is located between the first lifting plate and the positioning bracket. The second lifting bracket includes multiple second connecting columns disposed on the positioning bracket and second damping plates slidably connected to each second connecting column. Each second connecting column is fixed to the positioning bracket and the positioning plate respectively. The telescopic end of the bottom cylinder is fixed to the second damping plate. Each second connecting column is fitted with a second compression spring, the two ends of which act on the second damping plate and the positioning plate respectively. The plate is provided with a lower positioning hole for positioning and pressing the cover at the lower end of the centrifugal impeller. The rivet plate located at the lower end of the positioning plate is fixedly mounted on the second damping plate. Each first rivet block extends into the cover body through the drive of the second damping plate by the bottom cylinder, and each rivet piece is pre-bent by the drive of the rivet plate by the rotary motor, and then each rivet piece is pressed and riveted by the drive of the second damping plate by the bottom cylinder. Each second rivet block extends into the cover body through the drive of the second damping plate by the bottom cylinder, and each rivet piece that is not in contact with the first rivet block is pre-bent by the drive of the rivet plate by the rotary motor, and then each rivet piece is pressed and riveted by the drive of the second damping plate by the bottom cylinder.

5. The fully automatic riveting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rotary motor is fixedly installed on both the first mounting plate and the second damping plate. Each rotary motor has a transmission gear at its output end. Each riveting plate has an external toothed part coaxially arranged with the riveting plate. The riveting plate on the first mounting plate is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate through the drive of the transmission gear by the rotary motor and the transmission engagement between the transmission gear and the external toothed part. The riveting plate on the second damping plate is rotatably connected to the second damping plate through the drive of the transmission gear by the rotary motor and the transmission engagement between the transmission gear and the external toothed part.

6. The fully automatic riveting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positioning assembly includes a side bracket fixed to the positioning plate, a side cylinder fixed to the side bracket, a side mounting block fixed to the telescopic end of the side cylinder, and an arc-shaped pressure plate fixed to each side mounting block. The side cylinder is electrically connected to the controller. The sliding direction of each side mounting block is perpendicular to the axis of the pressure plate. The arc-shaped pressure plates on each side mounting block are arranged opposite to each other. Each arc-shaped pressure plate radially positions the blade assembly on the centrifugal impeller by driving the side mounting block through the side cylinder.

7. The fully automatic riveting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning plate is provided with oppositely arranged slide rail groups. Each slide rail group includes two parallel side slide rails. Each side mounting block is provided with a side slider that is adapted to each side slide rail. Each side mounting block is slidably connected to the positioning plate through the sliding cooperation of each side slider and the side slide rail.

8. The fully automatic riveting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The frame is equipped with oppositely arranged detection gratings, and each detection grating is electrically connected to the controller.

9. The fully automatic riveting machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The frame is also equipped with a control panel that is electrically connected to the controller, and the control panel has an operation panel.

10. A riveting method based on the fully automatic riveting machine according to claim 9, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. Product loading: The rivet pieces on each blade are installed to the cover by plugging them in to form a centrifugal impeller. The centrifugal impeller is placed on the positioning plate, and the cover at the lower end of the centrifugal impeller is pressed against the lower positioning hole of the positioning plate. S2, Axial Positioning: The controller sends a drive signal to the top cylinder. The top cylinder drives the first damping plate on the first lifting bracket to press against the cover at the top of the centrifugal impeller and then stops driving. Each of the first and second rivet blocks on the first lifting bracket extends into the cover at the top of the centrifugal impeller. The centrifugal impeller is axially positioned by pressing against the cover at the top of the centrifugal impeller through the upper positioning hole on the first damping plate and against the cover at the bottom of the centrifugal impeller through the lower positioning hole on the positioning plate. At the same time, the controller sends a drive signal to the bottom cylinder, which drives the second lifting bracket to lift. After the first and second rivet blocks on the second lifting bracket extend into the cover at the lower end of the centrifugal impeller, the bottom cylinder stops driving. S3, Radial Positioning: The controller sends drive signals to each side cylinder, and each side cylinder drives each side mounting block and the arc-shaped pressure plate on the side mounting block to press against the blade assembly, thereby achieving radial positioning of the centrifugal impeller. S4. Initial pre-bending and riveting: The controller sends a drive signal to each rotary motor. The rotary motor drives each riveting plate to rotate in the forward direction through the cooperation of the transmission gear and the external gear. During the forward rotation of the riveting plate, each first riveting block on the riveting plate presses against each corresponding riveting piece and forms a bend. After the bend is completed, each riveting plate stops rotating. The controller sends a drive signal to the top cylinder and the bottom cylinder. The riveting plates on the first lifting bracket and the second lifting bracket slide into the corresponding cover body. With the sliding of the riveting plate, each first riveting block rivets the bent riveting piece onto the corresponding cover body. After the riveting is completed, each riveting plate returns to the position in S2. S5. Secondary pre-bending and riveting: The controller sends a drive signal to each rotary motor. The rotary motor drives each riveting plate to rotate in the opposite direction through the cooperation of the transmission gear and the external gear. During the reverse rotation of the riveting plate, each second riveting block on the riveting plate presses against the rivet piece that did not contact the first riveting block during the initial pre-bending and riveting process and forms a bend. After the bend is completed, each riveting plate stops rotating. The controller sends a drive signal to the top cylinder and the bottom cylinder. The riveting plates on the first lifting bracket and the second lifting bracket slide into the corresponding cover body. With the sliding of the riveting plate, each second riveting block rivets the bent rivet piece onto the corresponding cover body. S6. Reset and unloading: The controller sends drive signals to the top cylinder and the bottom cylinder. The first lifting bracket is reset under the drive of the top cylinder, and the second lifting bracket is reset under the drive of the bottom cylinder. The controller sends drive signals to the side cylinders. Each side cylinder drives each arc-shaped pressure plate to reset, and then the centrifugal impeller after being pressed and riveted is taken out.

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