A flexible counter-rotating lapping station for inner steps of a ring

Abstract

The application discloses a flexible counter-rotating grinding station for inner step of ring, which comprises a moving load and a plurality of grinding units arranged on the moving load. Each grinding unit is coaxially arranged from top to bottom by a flexible lifting platform, an adjustable pressing platform and a supporting turntable. The flexible lifting platform is driven by a linear module and is provided with an axial elastic buffer structure comprising a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a gripper and a spring, so that controllable flexible pressure is realized on the workpiece. The adjustable pressing platform is driven by a rotating disc and three sets of radial adjusting mechanisms consisting of adjusting screws, sliding blocks, connecting rods and three-crank discs, so that three half-moon pressing blocks are synchronously moved to adaptively clamp the workpiece from the top and the side. The supporting turntable is driven by a lower rotating motor to rotate the grinding platform, the rotating direction of the supporting turntable is always opposite to that of the adjustable pressing platform, so that reverse composite grinding motion is formed, and a pressure sensor is integrated to monitor the grinding pressure in real time. The application realizes the automation and parameterization of the grinding process, liberates manpower, improves the production capacity, and ensures the stability and consistency of the machining quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromechanical equipment technology, specifically to a ring-shaped flexible counter-rotating grinding station. Background Technology

[0002] like Figure 1 The image shows a ring-shaped part. The inner bore stepped surface needs to be ground to achieve a low surface roughness and flatness. The current processing method involves the operator placing the part on a grinding table, manually rotating it, and maintaining continuous pressure to grind the bottom surface of the bore. This method requires significant physical strength from the operator, makes it difficult to maintain stable downward pressure, limits production capacity, and results in inconsistent part quality.

[0003] To liberate labor and improve processing quality and efficiency, the mechanization and automation of grinding operations are inevitable directions. Currently, various grinding devices exist. For example, Chinese patent document CN109701709B discloses a grinding machine that uses a motor to drive grinding balls to grind food on a grinding table and includes a movable receiving plate with a brush rod to solve the problem of cleaning the grinding table. However, it is mainly used in the food processing field, and its structural and functional design does not address the specific requirements of precision pressure control, part clamping and centering, and efficient composite grinding motion needed for grinding the bottom of holes in industrial ring-shaped parts. Another example is Chinese patent document CN108481185A, which discloses a double-sided grinding machine. Its upper grinding disc mechanism achieves power transmission and floating through a ball hinge, simplifying the transmission structure. However, it focuses on double-sided grinding, and the ball hinge-type floating is mainly used to adapt to the parallelism of the workpiece, rather than realizing a quantifiable and adjustable flexible downward pressure application system for grinding the bottom of holes. It also lacks a quick clamping mechanism suitable for multiple sizes of a single part.

[0004] In summary, existing manual methods suffer from high labor intensity, unstable pressure, and low consistency in production capacity and quality. Related mechanical equipment either has applications outside its core problem or fails to fully address the integrated requirements of flexible and controllable pressure application, reverse compound grinding motion, and rapid adaptation of multi-sized parts in hole bottom grinding. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new type of automated equipment specifically for hole bottom grinding of ring-shaped parts, to liberate labor, increase production capacity, and ensure stable and highly consistent product technical condition. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flexible counter-rotating grinding station for inner ring components, which can free up labor, increase product capacity, and ensure that the technical condition of products meets standards and is consistent.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention: a ring-shaped flexible counter-rotating grinding station, which consists of a moving load and several grinding units disposed thereon; The grinding unit includes a flexible lifting platform with a guide rail structure. The lower end of the flexible lifting platform is connected to an adjustable clamping platform with a claw-like structure. A support turntable is provided below the adjustable clamping platform, and the central axes of the two are collinear. The flexible lifting platform includes a support frame driven by a linear module for lifting, and an upward rotation drive assembly mounted on the support frame. The output end of the upward rotation drive assembly is connected to an adjustable pressing platform via an axial elastic buffer structure, so that the adjustable pressing platform can float axially relative to the upward rotation drive assembly and provide adjustable flexible downward pressure. The adjustable clamping table includes a rotary disk connected to an axial elastic buffer structure, at least three radially movable clamping assemblies disposed on the rotary disk, and an adjustment mechanism for driving the clamping assemblies to move radially synchronously. The clamping assemblies are used to clamp the workpiece to be ground from above and the side. The support turntable includes a down-rotating motor fixed on a moving load and a grinding table driven by the down-rotating motor. The grinding table is used to carry and drive the workpiece to be ground to rotate, and its rotation direction is opposite to the rotation direction of the adjustable clamping table.

[0007] Furthermore, the upward rotation drive assembly includes a bracket, an upward rotation motor fixedly mounted on the bracket, and an output shaft of the upward rotation motor coaxially connected to a drive shaft via a coupling. The lower part of the drive shaft is supported in a bearing housing by an angular contact ball bearing, and the bearing housing is fixedly mounted on the bracket. The upward rotation motor drives the drive shaft to achieve torque transmission.

[0008] Furthermore, the axial elastic buffer structure includes a driven shaft that is axially slidably sleeved on the driving shaft, and a clamp connected to the end of the driven shaft. The clamp has a deformation hole that can be locked or released, for transmitting the rotational torque of the driving shaft to the driven shaft when locked, and allowing the driven shaft to float axially relative to the driving shaft when released. A spring is pre-compressed between the end of the drive shaft and the inner cavity end face of the driven shaft, forming an elastic element that gives the driven shaft a downward tendency to move. The lower end of the driven shaft is connected to the rotating disk of the adjustable clamping table.

[0009] Furthermore, the linear module is fixedly mounted on the desktop of the moving load via a module bracket. The linear module is equipped with a slider, which is fixedly connected to the slide table connecting frame. The bracket of the flexible lifting platform is fixedly mounted on the slide table connecting frame, so that the linear module can drive the bracket and the components mounted on it to move in the vertical direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotating disk is integrally formed by a central disk and three fan-shaped protruding support plates evenly distributed along its circumference. The upper surface of the central disk is provided with an axial boss, and the lower end face of the protruding support plate of the rotating disk is provided with a cross roller guide rail. The cross roller guide rail is composed of three guide rails that can slide against each other, and the middle guide rail is connected to the protruding support plate by screws.

[0011] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes an active slider, the upper part of which is slidably connected to the guide rails on both sides of the cross roller guide rail, and the lower part of which is connected to a driven slider. The outer end face of the driven slider contacts a stud, the stud is horizontally connected to a fixed head, the fixed head is connected to the end of the rotating disk protruding from the support plate, and the inner end face of the driven slider is connected to a connecting rod. Rotating the stud provides the driven slider with a clamping force toward the center of the adjustable clamping table. The driven slider is connected to a crescent-shaped pressure block at the bottom. The bottom surface of the crescent-shaped pressure block is provided with a rubber pad 1 for pressing the upper end face of the workpiece; its inner arc surface is provided with a rubber pad 2 for holding the outer cylindrical surface of the workpiece.

[0012] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment screw rotatably mounted on the active slider, an active slider driven by the adjustment screw, a driven slider, and a three-cranked disk. The driven slider and the three-cranked disk are hinged together by a connecting rod to form a planar linkage mechanism. When the adjustment screw is rotated to drive the active slider to move linearly, the planar linkage mechanism drives the three-cranked disk to rotate and synchronously drives the other two driven sliders to move, thereby achieving radial synchronous opening and closing of all pressing components.

[0013] Furthermore, the mobile load includes a frame, a desktop plate fixedly mounted on the top of the frame, and multiple casters mounted on the bottom of the frame. The desktop plate is used to mount the grinding unit.

[0014] Furthermore, the support turntable includes a downward rotating motor and a pressure sensor mounted on the desktop; the pressure sensor supports a turntable via a bearing, and the turntable is connected to the output shaft of the downward rotating motor; the grinding table is detachably positioned and mounted on the turntable, and the pressure sensor is used to detect the axial pressure acting on the grinding table in real time during the grinding process.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) Flexible and controllable pressure application: The flexible lifting platform uses springs to form a flexible pressure application system, making the process of applying grinding pressure to the parts a flexible process. The unsprung mass is used as the pressure application source, and the pressure rises linearly from 0. The pressure is indirectly monitored by the pressure sensor and calculated by the controller. The operator can quantitatively adjust the pressure and summarize the pressure parameters in combination with the grinding technology requirements. By solidifying the parameters, a stable output of product quality can be formed.

[0016] (2) Reverse motion: The rotation of the grinding table is always opposite to that of the adjustable clamping table. That is, while the grinding table provides grinding for the part, the part itself also rotates in the opposite direction relative to the grinding table, forming a reverse compound motion. The reverse compound motion increases the grinding linear speed and provides continuous disturbance to the grinding fluid, causing the grinding particles to generate nonlinear and complex flow trajectories in the grinding fluid, thereby increasing the material removal rate, reducing directional scratches on the grinding surface, and improving the consistency of grinding.

[0017] (3) Adaptation to parts of various sizes: The adjustable clamping table adjusts the radial opening and closing of the three crescent-shaped clamping blocks through the three-crank slider mechanism, so that it can be adapted to parts of different diameters. At the same time, it is necessary to replace the grinding table with one of different diameters.

[0018] (4) Applicability to other rotating parts: For disc-shaped and ring-shaped parts, the grinding process of the end face of such parts can be performed if the diameter of the grinding table allows and the adjustable clamping table can be used for clamping.

[0019] (5) Equipment mobility and efficiency improvement: A flexible counter-rotating grinding station with an inner ring is equipped with a mobile load, which can be flexibly arranged in a suitable location in the factory to serve lean production of products. Multiple grinding units can be set up to maximize the use of equipment space and can start processing parts simultaneously to increase production capacity. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a ring-shaped component. Figure 2 This is the assembly drawing of the flexible counter-rotating grinding station with inner ring components. Figure 3 Exploded view of the grinding unit; Figure 4 This is a sectional view of the flexible lifting platform; Figure 5 Exploded view of the flexible lifting platform; Figure 6 A simplified diagram illustrating the motion principle of a flexible lifting platform; Figure 7 This is a sectional view of the adjustable clamping table; Figure 8 Exploded view of the adjustable clamping platform; Figure 9 A simplified diagram of the radial adjustment mechanism of the adjustable clamping table; Figure 10To support the sectional view of the turntable; Figure 11 To support the exploded view of the turntable; Figure 12 This is a diagram of the control panel; Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a mobile load and its accessories; Figure 14 The initial state of the installed parts; Figure 15 Preparing the machine for machining after clamping is complete; Reference numerals: 1 - Grinding unit, 2 - Moving load, 3 - Flexible lifting platform, 4 - Adjustable clamping platform, 5 - Support turntable, 6 - Upward rotating motor, 7 - Coupling, 8 - Drive shaft, 9 - Angular contact ball bearing I, 10 - Bearing housing I, 11 - Snapping ring I, 12 - Clamping device, 13 - Driven shaft, 14 - Rubber pad I, 15 - Spring, 16 - Rubber pad II, 17 - Back plate, 18 - Bracket, 19 - Slide connecting frame, 20 - Linear module, 21 - Module bracket, 22 - Rotary disk, 23 - Double row bearing housing, 24 - Double row angular contact ball bearing, 25 - Snapping ring II, 26 - Three-crank disc, 27 - Crossed roller guide, 28 - Snapping ring III 29 - Active slider; 30 - Single-row bearing housing; 31 - Angular contact ball bearing II; 32 - Snap ring IV; 33 - Adjusting screw; 34 - Snap ring V; 35 - Connecting rod; 36 - Pin; 37 - Snap ring VI; 38 - Crescent-shaped pressure block; 39 - Rubber pad I; 40 - Rubber pad II; 41 - Stud; 42 - Fixed head; 43 - Driven slider; 44 - Grinding table; 45 - Turntable; 46 - Tapered roller bearing; 47 - Bearing housing II; 48 - Pressure sensor; 49 - Desktop panel; 50 - Mounting plate; 51 - Downward-spinning motor; 52 - Control panel; 53 - Storage rack; 54 - Handrail; 55 - Frame; 56 - Casters; 57 - Control cabinet. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, it should not be construed that the scope of the subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. All modifications, substitutions and alterations made based on ordinary technical knowledge and common practices in the art without departing from the above-described technical concept of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

[0023] A flexible counter-rotating grinding station with an inner ring, as shown in the reference Figure 2 It consists of a grinding unit 1 and a moving load 2, wherein the moving load 2 carries four grinding units 1. The grinding unit 1 consists of a flexible lifting platform 3, an adjustable pressing platform 4, a support turntable 5, and a control unit, see [link to details]. Figure 3 .

[0024] See Figure 4 - Figure 6The flexible lifting platform 3 consists of an upward rotating motor 6, a coupling 7, a drive shaft 8, an angular contact ball bearing I9, a bearing seat I10, a snap ring I11, a clamping device 12, a driven shaft 13, a rubber pad I14, a spring 15, a rubber pad II16, a back plate 17, a bracket 18, a slide connecting frame 19, a linear module 20, and a module bracket 21.

[0025] The rotary motor 6 is mounted to the bracket 18 with screws. The bearing housing I10 is also mounted to the bracket 18 with screws, and two angular contact ball bearings I9 pass through the housing holes at both ends of the bearing housing I10. The drive shaft 8 passes through the inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing I9, with its shoulder pressed against the end face of the inner ring of one side of the angular contact ball bearing I9. A snap ring I11 is embedded in the snap ring groove of the drive shaft 8 and pressed against the end face of the inner ring of the other side of the angular contact ball bearing I9. A coupling 7 is coaxially mounted on the drive shaft 8 and the output shaft of the rotary motor 6. Tightening the screws on the coupling 7 secures the two shafts together, achieving torque transmission. The clamping device 12 is installed on the driven shaft 13 via screws that mate with the holes provided in the driven shaft 13. The fixed inner hole of the clamping device 12 mates with the shaft of the driven shaft 13, and the deformation hole of the clamping device 12 mates with the clearance hole of the driving shaft 8. The deformation hole of the clamping device 12 has an opening and closing groove along one side of the generatrix. Tightening the screw connecting the opening and closing groove can prevent the groove from completely closing, clamping the deformation hole and further clamping the driving shaft 8, thus achieving torque transmission between the driving shaft 8 and the driven shaft 13. The back plate 17 is installed on the driving shaft 8 via screws that mate with the threaded holes provided on the end face of the driving shaft 8. Rubber gasket II 16 is placed on the back plate 17, and rubber gasket I 14 is placed on the end face of the inner cavity of the driven shaft 13. The two ends of the spring 15 are respectively pressed against rubber gasket I 14 and rubber gasket II 16. Rubber gasket I 14 and rubber gasket II 16 are used to prevent the spring 15 from moving radially. Figure 6 In the non-working state, the clamp 12 is in a relaxed state, the driven shaft 13 and its accessories sink under gravity, and the drive spring 15 is in a compressed state. The bracket 18 is mounted on the slide connecting frame 19 by screws, and the slide connecting frame 19 is mounted on the slider of the linear module 20 by screws. The linear module 20 is mounted on the module bracket 21 by screws. The module bracket 21 is mounted on the desktop plate 49 by screws.

[0026] See Figure 7 - Figure 9 The adjustable pressing table 4 consists of a rotating disk 22, a double-row bearing seat 23, a double-row angular contact ball bearing 24, a retaining ring II 25, a three-crank disk 26, a crossed roller guide 27, a retaining ring III 28, an active slider 29, a single-row bearing seat 30, an angular contact ball bearing II 31, a retaining ring IV 32, an adjusting screw 33, a retaining ring V 34, a connecting rod 35, a pin 36, a retaining ring VI 37, a crescent-shaped pressure block 38, a rubber pad I 39, a rubber pad II 40, a stud 41, a fixed head 42, and a driven slider 43.

[0027] The rotating disk 22 is mounted on the driven shaft 13 by screws, and the boss on the rotating disk 22 forms a hole-shaft fit with the hole on the driven shaft 13. The double-row bearing housing 23 forms a hole-shaft fit with the rotating disk 22 and is mounted on the rotating disk 22 by screws. The double-row angular contact ball bearing 24 is mounted in the housing hole of the double-row bearing housing 23, and the outer ring of the double-row angular contact ball bearing 24 is flush with the stepped surface of the housing hole. A retaining circlip II 25 is embedded in the retaining circlip groove of the double-row bearing housing 23 and is flush with the other end of the outer ring of the double-row angular contact ball bearing 24. The three-crank disc 26 forms a hole-shaft fit with the inner ring of the double-row angular contact ball bearing 24, and the stepped surface of the three-crank disc 26 is flush with the end face of the inner ring of the double-row angular contact ball bearing 24. The three-crank disc 26 is mounted on the inner ring of the double-row angular contact ball bearing 24 by screws and nuts. The crossed roller guide 27 consists of three sliding guides. The middle guide is mounted on the rotating disk 22 with screws, and the two side guides are connected to the driving slider 29 with screws. Angular contact ball bearing II31 is installed in the seat hole of the single-row bearing housing 30. One end of the outer ring of angular contact ball bearing II31 is pressed against the stepped surface of the seat hole of the single-row bearing housing 30, and the other end is pressed against the snap ring IV32 embedded in the snap ring groove of the single-row bearing housing 30. The two single-row bearing housings 30 and their accessories are mounted on both sides of one side of the rotating disk 22 with screws. The two ends of the adjusting screw 33 are engaged with the inner rings of the corresponding angular contact ball bearing II31. Two snap rings III28 are respectively embedded in the snap ring grooves at both ends of the adjusting screw 33 and are pressed against the end faces of the inner rings of the corresponding angular contact ball bearing II31, providing axial positioning for the adjusting screw 33. The threaded section of the adjusting screw 33 engages with the threaded hole of the driving slider 29. Rotating the adjusting screw 33 drives the driving slider 29 to move horizontally. The crescent-shaped pressure block 38 is mounted on the driving slider 29 with screws. Rubber pads I 39 and II 40 are bonded to the crescent-shaped pressure block 38 with adhesive to provide sufficient static friction to the parts during operation. Two fixing heads 42 are respectively mounted on the ends of the remaining two support sides of the rotating disk 22 with screws. The driven sliders 43 are respectively mounted on the two guide rails of the corresponding crossed roller guides 27 with screws. The stud 41 engages with the threaded hole of the fixing head 42 through its full thread, and one end is tightly attached to the side wall of the driven slider 43. Rotating the stud 41 can further provide the driven slider 43 with a clamping force toward the center of the adjustable clamping table 4. The two crescent-shaped pressure blocks 38 are mounted on the corresponding driven sliders 43 with screws. Similarly, rubber pads I 39 and II 40 are bonded to the corresponding crescent-shaped pressure blocks 38 with adhesive. Hinge holes are provided on the three crank disc 26, driven slider 43, and driving slider 29. The through holes at both ends of the three connecting rods 35 are coaxial with the corresponding hinge holes and are connected by a pin 36. Snap rings VI37 are embedded in the snap ring grooves at both ends of the pin 36 to maintain the axial positioning of the pin 36.

[0028] See Figure 10 and Figure 11 The support turntable 5 consists of a grinding table 44, a turntable 45, a tapered roller bearing 46, a bearing housing II 47, a pressure sensor 48, a mounting plate 50, and a downward rotating motor 51.

[0029] Pressure sensor 48 is mounted on desktop plate 49 with screws. Mounting plate 50 is mounted on desktop plate 49 with screws, and the boss on mounting plate 50 forms a hole-shaft fit with the positioning hole on desktop plate 49. Down-rotating motor 51 is mounted on mounting plate 50 with screws, and the boss on down-rotating motor 51 forms a hole-shaft fit with the positioning hole on mounting plate 50. Bearing housing II 47 is mounted on pressure sensor 48 with screws, and the positioning hole on bearing housing II 47 forms a hole-shaft fit with the boss on pressure sensor 48. Tapered roller bearing 46 is installed in the seat hole of bearing housing II 47. Turntable 45 is mounted on the inner ring of tapered roller bearing 46, and the cylindrical surface of turntable 45 forms a hole-shaft fit with the inner wall of the inner ring of tapered roller bearing 46. The stepped surface of turntable 45 is in close contact with the end face of the inner ring of tapered roller bearing 46. The keyway through hole of turntable 45 fits with the output shaft of down-rotating motor 51 with a flat key for transmitting torque. The grinding table 44 is placed on the turntable 45, and the cylindrical boss on the grinding table 44 and the positioning hole on the turntable 45 form a hole-shaft fit.

[0030] See Figure 11 and Figure 12The control unit consists of an operation panel 52 and a control cabinet 57. The operation panel 52 comprises a display and adjustment keys. The display shows the grinding speed, remaining grinding time, and grinding pressure. The grinding speed is the sum of the speed of the lower rotary motor 51 and the working speed of the upper rotary motor 6. The remaining grinding time displays the difference between the calculated grinding start time and the set time. The downward pressure displays the downward pressure exerted on the part during grinding, which is the difference between the pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor 48 during operation and the fixed gravity. The fixed gravity is the gravity measured by the pressure sensor 48 before grinding begins. The adjustment keys consist of a speed knob, a rotation speed knob, an up button, a down button, a forward button, a reverse button, a stop / start button, a reset button, a time increment button, and a time decrement button. The speed knob is used to adjust the moving speed of the flexible lifting platform 3. When the adjustable pressing platform 4 driven by the flexible lifting platform 3 approaches the part, the moving speed can be reduced to allow the downward pressure to increase at a relatively slow rate, thus achieving more precise downward pressure adjustment. The speed knob simultaneously adjusts the speed of the lower rotary motor 51 and the upper rotary motor 6 to achieve different grinding speeds required for rough grinding, semi-fine grinding, and fine grinding. Continuous pressing of the up and down buttons raises and lowers the flexible lifting platform 3. A single press of the forward and reverse buttons rotates the lower rotary motor 51 and the upper rotary motor 6 in different directions, with the rotation directions of the lower rotary motor 51 and the upper rotary motor 6 always opposite. Setting the forward and reverse rotation functions ensures sufficient contact between the grinding paste and the grinding surface for higher grinding quality. The stop / start button stops or starts the rotation of the lower rotary motor 51 and the upper rotary motor 6. The reset button returns the equipment to its initial state. A single press of the reset button causes the flexible lifting platform 3 to rise uniformly to the high position, while the controller re-measures the fixed gravity. The hourly increment and hourly decrement buttons allow real-time adjustment of the grinding time when the equipment is working or not; repeated presses increase or decrease the grinding time in 1-minute increments. When the grinding time reaches zero, the speed of the lower rotary motor 51 and the upper rotary motor stop rotating, but the flexible lifting platform 3 remains under pressure. The control cabinet 57 is installed on the second layer of the moving load 2, and integrates power modules, controllers and other devices.

[0031] See Figure 13 The mobile load 2 consists of a desktop panel 49, storage racks 53, handrails 54, a frame 55, and casters 56. The desktop panel 49, two storage racks 53, and two handrails 54 are welded to the frame 55. The four casters 56 are mounted on the frame 55 with screws and nuts. The storage racks 53 are used to place grinding paste and other miscellaneous items, and the operator uses the handrails 54 to move the equipment to different locations.

[0032] Combination Figure 6 The principle of applying grinding pressure is as follows: In the pressure application system composed of the flexible lifting platform 3 and the adjustable clamping platform 4, the driven shaft 13, the clamping device 12, and the adjustable clamping platform 4 together form the unsprung part, while the drive shaft 8, the upper rotating motor 6, and the coupling 7 form the suprung part. The unsprung part provides downward pressure and clamping force to the parts. The driven shaft 13 can move axially on the drive shaft 8, and the clamping device 12 can lock the driven shaft 13 and the drive shaft 8 to achieve torque transmission and axial limitation.

[0033] The mass of the unsprung portion is called the unsprung mass. Since large downward pressure cannot be applied during grinding, and to ensure functional integrity, the unsprung mass of spring 15 is greater than the required downward pressure. Therefore, when applying downward pressure, the spring needs to provide a certain spring force to share a portion of the unsprung mass, so that the downward pressure can be applied from zero and controlled within a reasonable range. The pressure application system follows the formula: When no pressure is applied, spring 15 is compressed under the action of the unsprung mass. When at rest, the gravitational force generated by the unsprung mass is balanced by the spring force and satisfies Hooke's Law. in, l s is the free length of spring 15 when it is not subjected to any force, s is the length of spring 15 when it is subjected to compression, and G is the unsprung weight. k It refers to the spring stiffness.

[0034] When the flexible lifting platform 3 descends and applies pressure to the parts, the transient condition is satisfied as follows: in, It is the elongation of spring 15 when the rubber pad I39 contacts the upper surface of the part and the flexible lifting platform 3 is in contact. It is a variable. F is the downward pressure applied to the part by the pressure application system, which is also a variable.

[0035] As can be seen from the above, in the initial state, the unsprung weight is borne by spring 15. When the pressure application system applies pressure to the part, the spring force decreases, and the remaining force is borne by the part.

[0036] Combination Figure 9 The principle of part clamping is as follows: When the rubber pad I39 contacts the upper surface of the part and applies a certain downward pressure, the adjusting screw 33 is turned to move the active slider 29 towards the center. The active slider 29 pushes the connecting rod 35, which in turn pushes the three-crank disc 26 to rotate counterclockwise. The three-crank disc 26 pulls the remaining connecting rods 35, which in turn pulls the two driven sliders 43 towards the center, thereby causing the three crescent-shaped pressure blocks 38 to move towards the center. The rubber pad II 40 then contacts the outer circle of the part and centers it. When a greater clamping force is required on the driven slider 43, the adjusting stud 41 can be pressed against the driven slider 43 to produce a slight displacement, achieving further clamping.

[0037] The overall working principle of the equipment is as follows: Power on the equipment and press the reset button to ensure that the flexible lifting platform 3 is in the highest position.

[0038] Apply polishing paste to the annular surface of the polishing table 44. Place the part on the polishing table 44, ensuring the polishing surface is in contact with the table. Rotate the part to ensure the polishing paste makes even contact with the polishing surface. Operate the control panel 52, set the polishing time, and press and hold the descent button to lower the flexible lifting table 3. Visually stop the table when the crescent-shaped pressure block 38 is about to contact the part. Twist the adjusting screw 33 to ensure the rubber pads I39 of the three crescent-shaped pressure blocks 38 are in contact with the upper surface of the part. Adjust the speed knob to reduce the movement speed and press the descent button to gradually bring the rubber pads I39 into contact with the upper surface of the part. Observe the downward pressure reading in real time and stop when the appropriate value is reached. Tighten the screws on the clamping device 12 to lock the drive shaft 8 and driven shaft 13, thus maintaining a stable downward pressure output while transmitting torque. Twisting the adjusting screw 33 causes the three crescent-shaped pressure blocks 38 to move simultaneously towards the center and grip the outer circumference of the part. If a greater gripping force is required, adjusting the stud 41 drives the driven slider 43 to move a small distance towards the center. Set the grinding time, adjust the speed, and click the stop / start button to start the upper rotary motor 6 and the lower rotary motor 51 to rotate. At this time, the static friction of the grinding surface with the applied grinding paste is small, and the rubber pads I39 and II40 can drive the part to rotate on the grinding table 44 for grinding. When a bidirectional grinding step needs to be added, the reverse button can be clicked to drive the part to grind in the opposite direction. When the grinding time is exhausted, the operator can click the reset button, and after the flexible lifting table 3 returns to its position, the part can be removed. Other grinding units 1 can be started as needed to perform the grinding process according to the above steps. See details. Figure 14 and Figure 15 .

[0039] The above provides a detailed description of the flexible counter-rotating grinding station with an inner ring structure provided by the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the structure and working principle of the invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible contra-rotating lapping station for inner steps of a ring, characterized in that: It consists of a moving load (2) and several grinding units (1) disposed thereon; The grinding unit includes a flexible lifting platform (3) with a guide rail structure. The lower end of the flexible lifting platform (3) is connected to an adjustable clamping platform (4) with a claw-like structure. A support turntable (5) is provided below the adjustable clamping platform (4), and the central axes of the two are collinear. The flexible lifting platform (3) includes a support (18) driven by a linear module (20) for lifting, and an upward rotation drive assembly set on the support (18). The output end of the upward rotation drive assembly is connected to the adjustable pressing platform (4) through an axial elastic buffer structure, so that the adjustable pressing platform (4) can float axially relative to the upward rotation drive assembly and provide adjustable flexible downward pressure. The adjustable clamping table (4) includes a rotary disk (22) connected to an axial elastic buffer structure, at least three radially movable clamping components disposed on the rotary disk (22), and an adjustment mechanism for driving the clamping components to move radially synchronously. The clamping components are used to clamp the workpiece to be ground from above and from the side. The support turntable (5) includes a down-rotating motor (51) fixed on the moving load (2) and a grinding table (44) driven to rotate by the down-rotating motor (51). The grinding table (44) is used to carry and drive the workpiece to be ground to rotate, and its rotation direction is opposite to the rotation direction of the adjustable clamping table (4). The axial elastic buffer structure includes a driven shaft (13), which is axially slidably sleeved on the drive shaft (8). A clamp (12) is provided on the end of the driven shaft (13). The clamp (12) has a deformation hole that can be locked or released. It is used to transmit the rotational torque of the drive shaft (8) to the driven shaft (13) when locked and to allow the driven shaft (13) to float axially relative to the drive shaft (8) when released. A spring (15) is provided to be pre-compressed between the end of the drive shaft (8) and the inner cavity end face of the driven shaft (13), forming an elastic element that gives the driven shaft (13) a downward tendency. The lower end of the driven shaft (13) is connected to the rotating disk (22) of the adjustable pressing table (4). The linear module (20) is fixedly mounted on the desktop plate (49) of the mobile load (2) via a module bracket (21). A slider is provided on the linear module (20), which is fixedly connected to the slide table connecting frame (19). The bracket (18) of the flexible lifting platform (3) is fixedly mounted on the slide table connecting frame (19), so that the linear module (20) can drive the bracket (18) and the components mounted on it to move in the vertical direction. The clamping assembly includes an active slider (29), the upper part of which is slidably connected to the guide rails on both sides of the cross roller guide rail (27), and the lower part of which is connected to a driven slider (43). The outer end face of the driven slider (43) is in contact with a stud (41). The stud (41) is horizontally connected to a fixed head (42). The fixed head (42) is connected to the end of the rotating disk (22) protruding from the support plate. The inner end face of the driven slider (43) is connected to a connecting rod (35). The connecting rod (35) is connected to a three-crank disk (26). Rotating the stud (41) provides the driven slider (43) with a clamping force toward the center of the adjustable clamping table (4). The lower part of the driven slider (43) is connected to a crescent-shaped pressure block (38). The bottom surface of the crescent-shaped pressure block (38) is provided with a rubber pad I (39) for pressing the upper end face of the workpiece; its inner arc surface is provided with a rubber pad II (40) for holding the outer cylindrical surface of the workpiece.

2. The inner step flexible matched spin polishing station of claim 1, wherein: The upward rotation drive assembly includes a bracket (18), an upward rotation motor (6) fixedly mounted on the bracket (18), the output shaft of the upward rotation motor (6) is coaxially connected to the drive shaft (8) through a coupling (7), the lower part of the drive shaft (8) is supported in the bearing seat (10) by an angular contact ball bearing (9), the bearing seat (10) is fixedly mounted on the bracket (18), and the upward rotation motor (6) drives the drive shaft (8) to achieve torque transmission.

3. The ring-shaped flexible counter-rotating grinding station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating disk (22) is integrally formed by a central disk and three fan-shaped protruding support plates evenly distributed along its circumference. The upper surface of the central disk is provided with an axial boss, and the lower end face of the protruding support plate of the rotating disk (22) is provided with a cross roller guide (27). The cross roller guide (27) is composed of three guide rails that can slide against each other, and the middle guide rail is connected to the protruding support plate by screws.

4. The ring-shaped flexible counter-rotating grinding station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment screw (33) rotatably mounted on the active slider (29), a driven slider (43), and a three-crank disk (26). The driven slider (43) and the three-crank disk (26) are hinged together by a connecting rod (35) to form a planar linkage mechanism. When the adjustment screw (33) drives the active slider (29) to move linearly, the planar linkage mechanism drives the three-crank disk (26) to rotate and synchronously drives the other two driven sliders (43) to move, thereby realizing the radial synchronous opening and closing of all pressing components.

5. The ring-shaped flexible counter-rotating grinding station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile load (2) includes a frame (55), a desktop plate (49) fixedly mounted on the frame (55), and multiple casters (56) mounted on the bottom of the frame (55). The desktop plate (49) is used to mount the grinding unit (1).

6. The ring-shaped flexible counter-rotating grinding station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support turntable (5) includes a down-rotating motor (51) and a pressure sensor (48) mounted on a desktop plate (49); a turntable (45) is supported on the pressure sensor (48) by a bearing, and the turntable (45) is connected to the output shaft of the down-rotating motor (51) via a transmission connection. The grinding table (44) is detachably mounted on the turntable (45), and the pressure sensor (48) is used to detect the axial pressure acting on the grinding table (44) in real time during the grinding process.

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