A smelting slagging agent for copper alloy and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a copper alloy smelting slagging agent and a preparation method and application thereof. The slagging agent comprises, in mass fraction, calcium fluoride 20-40%, sodium fluoride 15-30%, sodium chloride 8-20%, boric acid 5-15% and calcium carbonate 10-20%, wherein the purity of the calcium fluoride and / or the sodium fluoride is not less than 98.5%. The preparation method comprises batching, drying and grinding to 150-200 meshes. In application, the slagging agent is added into a furnace bottom with the first batch of furnace charges, and after smelting is completed, slag gathering above the metal liquid is subjected to slagging treatment. The copper alloy smelting slagging agent and the preparation method and application thereof strictly limit the purity of fluorides in the slagging agent, combine the synergistic effect of the components, build a high-activity and low-viscosity slagging system, and effectively solve the technical problems of serious furnace wall slagging, great metal burning loss and short service life of the furnace lining of copper alloys, especially special copper alloys containing active elements such as titanium, beryllium, nickel and silicon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of alloy smelting technology, and specifically relates to a slag agent for copper alloy smelting, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] In the production process of melting copper alloys in medium-frequency induction furnaces, especially for the metallurgical production of copper alloys such as titanium copper, beryllium copper, Monel, C70250, 19 series, 18 series, and copper-chromium-zirconium, copper and alloying elements readily combine with oxygen after melting to form high-viscosity, high-melting-point, and high-hardness oxides, i.e., slag. As the molten copper alloy gradually rises from the bottom of the crucible, this slag continuously adheres to various heights on the furnace wall, forming a thick slag layer. This leads to a gradual decrease in the effective volume of the furnace and a reduction in production efficiency. Due to the extremely high hardness and viscosity of this slag, high-strength cleaning tools, such as electric or pneumatic tools, are usually required to remove it from the furnace lining. However, using these tools often breaks and damages the sintered layer of the furnace lining, causing numerous cracks and reducing its service life. This also increases the risk of furnace leakage and perforation, severely impacting both the furnace lining's lifespan and production efficiency.

[0003] To address the issues of slag melting and cleaning, the industry has developed various fluoride-containing slag fluxes. These slag fluxes are widely used in the steel, ferroalloy, and ferrosilicon industries, with decades of experience accumulated. The fluoride concentration in these slag fluxes is typically 20%–50%, with main impurities including silica, alumina, and calcium oxide, predominantly silica. For these industries, the slag is also primarily composed of silica, alumina, calcium oxide, iron oxide, sulfides, and phosphides. These impurities have much lower melting points than the metal oxides formed in copper alloy smelting. Therefore, the fluorides added during smelting break down the Si-O-Si network structure in the silicates formed by these impurities, creating a more fluid silicate with a fluoride-containing mesophase, facilitating the separation of molten metal and slag.

[0004] Applying fluoride-containing slag fluxes used in the steel, ferroalloy, and ferrosilicon industries to the aforementioned copper alloy smelting industry has proven ineffective in removing slag, and the slag buildup on the furnace lining remains unresolved. This phenomenon leads those skilled in the art to conclude that fluorides cannot react with high-melting-point, high-viscosity oxides, such as Cr2O3 and ZrO2, to form low-melting-point, highly fluid fluorides, thus resulting in slag failure.

[0005] Chinese patent application CN118639055A discloses a nickel-boron-aluminum master alloy for high-temperature alloys and its preparation method. Although it also involves the use of high-purity fluoride raw materials, its technical purpose is mainly to ensure the homogeneity and purity of the alloy itself and to prevent impurity elements from entering the alloy matrix, rather than to address the problem of slag buildup on the furnace walls that is unique to copper alloy smelting.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a special slag agent solution that is tailored to the smelting characteristics of copper alloys and can achieve efficient online slag removal and furnace wall maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical effect to be achieved by this application is to provide a slag agent for copper alloy smelting, its preparation method and application, which can achieve efficient online slag removal and furnace wall maintenance based on the characteristics of copper alloy smelting.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, this application provides a slag flux for copper alloy smelting, comprising the following components by mass fraction:

[0009] Calcium fluoride 20-40%, sodium fluoride 15-30%, sodium chloride 8-20%, boric acid 5-15%, calcium carbonate 10-20%;

[0010] The purity of the calcium fluoride and / or sodium fluoride is not less than 98.5%.

[0011] As a preferred option, the purity of the calcium fluoride and / or sodium fluoride is not less than 99%.

[0012] As a preferred option, the purity of the calcium fluoride and / or sodium fluoride is not less than 99.5%.

[0013] As a preferred option, by mass fraction, it also includes the following components: 1-5% rare earth oxides or rare earth-copper master alloys.

[0014] Furthermore, the rare earth oxide includes one or more of cerium oxide, lanthanum oxide, and yttrium oxide.

[0015] Furthermore, the rare earth content in the rare earth-copper master alloy is 10-30%.

[0016] To achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, this application also provides a method for preparing a slag flux for copper alloy smelting, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Weigh each component raw material that meets the purity requirements according to the mass percentage of the slag agent for copper alloy smelting described in any of the above items, and control the batching accuracy within ±0.5%.

[0018] Grind the weighed components to control the particle size between 150 mesh and 200 mesh.

[0019] To achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, this application also provides an application of the slag flux for copper alloy smelting described in any of the above-mentioned claims in copper alloy smelting, comprising:

[0020] The slag agent is added to the bottom of the smelting furnace along with the first batch of furnace charge. After smelting is completed, the slag that has accumulated on the top of the molten metal is skimmed off.

[0021] As a preferred option, the amount of slag agent added is 1‰ to 6‰ of the mass of the copper alloy smelting raw materials.

[0022] As a preferred option, the amount of slag agent added is 1‰ to 4‰ of the mass of the copper alloy smelting raw materials.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0024] 1. This invention reveals the influence of fluoride ion concentration on reducing the melting point of high-hardness, high-viscosity metal oxides and improving their fluidity. In the above-mentioned scheme, the purity of calcium fluoride and / or sodium fluoride is required to be no less than 98.5%. The embodiments of this invention also disclose that the slag-making effect improves with increasing purity of calcium fluoride and / or sodium fluoride. Unlike the iron and steel smelting, ferroalloy, and ferrosilicon industries, the slag in copper alloy smelting industries such as titanium copper, beryllium copper, Monel, C70250, 19 series, 18 series, and copper-chromium-zirconium mainly consists of high-melting-point, high-viscosity metal oxides such as titanium oxide, chromium oxide, zirconium oxide, beryllium oxide, and nickel oxide. When the purity of fluoride in the slag flux is low, the fluoride preferentially reacts with impurities such as silica to form low-melting-point silicates containing fluoride ions as intermediate phases. These low-melting-point slag fluxes are less likely to adhere to the furnace wall and are more likely to flow into the molten pool. The aforementioned metal oxides formed during copper alloy smelting, due to their high viscosity, easily adhere to the furnace wall. Therefore, the lower the purity of the fluoride, the worse its effect on removing slag adhering to the furnace wall. Higher fluoride purity results in the retention of more high-melting-point fluorides in the slag flux. This allows the slag flux particles to "adhere" or "embed" into the surface of the high-temperature furnace slag layer in solid form, reacting at the contact point to form metallic fluorides. This achieves targeted and efficient removal of the slag, while significantly reducing the risk of physical corrosion to other parts of the furnace lining. The solution provided in this application increases the purity of the core fluoride component to no less than 98.5%, reducing the initial reaction between fluoride ions and impurities and avoiding the formation of low-melting-point intermediate phases. High-purity fluorides adhere to the slag layer surface in solid particle form and react at the contact point to form metallic fluorides, achieving targeted and efficient removal of the slag, thereby improving the cleaning effect of slag on the furnace wall. Based on this, and by combining the synergistic effects of components such as sodium chloride, boric acid, and calcium carbonate, a high-purity and highly reactive slag system was constructed, which effectively reduced the melting point of the slag, ensured that the slag had good fluidity, and accelerated the floating and removal of the slag.

[0025] 2. This application introduces an appropriate amount of rare earth components into the slag flux. Without altering the existing smelting process conditions, the rare earth components preferentially react with oxygen and oxides in the copper alloy melt during high-temperature smelting and enter the slag phase. On one hand, the rare earth components can react with stable oxides formed in the copper alloy melt, weakening and depolymerizing the dense structure formed by refractory oxides such as TiO2 and BeO. This transforms the tightly bound, easily adhered-to-furnace-wall morphology into a dispersed state that is more easily encapsulated and carried by the slag phase, thereby promoting the transfer and enrichment of refractory oxides into the slag phase. On the other hand, rare earth oxides can regulate the microstructure of the slag in the slag system, helping to reduce the degree of local structural polymerization, improve the wetting and spreading characteristics of the slag on the molten metal, and make it easier for the slag to form a continuous and stable free slag layer on the surface of the molten metal. This free slag layer is usually loose and porous, which is conducive to the further adsorption, aggregation, and stable floating of inclusions and oxides, reducing the probability of small inclusions being re-entrained into the molten metal. Thus, while achieving a stable slag removal effect, it reduces metal entrainment in the slag, maintains the stability of the furnace environment, and ensures the continuous operation of the smelting process. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 The furnace conditions without using the slag flux of the present invention are shown;

[0027] Figure 2 The furnace conditions of the 8th heat after using the slag flux of this application are shown;

[0028] Figure 3 The furnace condition of the 32nd heat after using the slag flux of this application is shown;

[0029] Figure 4 The furnace condition of the 64th heat after using the slag flux of this application is shown;

[0030] Figure 5 The furnace condition of the 136th heat after using the slag agent of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will be described in detail below. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, and are therefore merely examples and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the following embodiments are all commercially available industrial-grade products.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Preparation and application of a slag flux for copper alloy smelting:

[0034] (1) Preparation of slag flux

[0035] Weigh the following raw materials by mass fraction:

[0036] Calcium fluoride (99.5% purity) 30%, sodium fluoride (99.5% purity) 20%, sodium chloride 15%, boric acid 10%, calcium carbonate 15%, cerium oxide 3%, lanthanum oxide 2%; the ingredient ratio is controlled within ±0.5%.

[0037] The above raw materials were dried in a 120℃ drying oven for 2 hours to remove moisture. Then, the dried components were fed into a ball mill and ground for 60 minutes. The mixture was then sieved, controlling the particle size to be between 150 and 200 mesh. The ground mixture was then thoroughly mixed and sealed in packaging for later use.

[0038] (2) Application of titanium-copper alloy smelting

[0039] A smelting test of titanium-copper alloy (containing 0.15-0.30% Ti) was conducted in a 500kg medium-frequency induction furnace, following these steps:

[0040] S1: Add 450kg of copper raw material and 45kg of titanium-copper master alloy as the first batch of furnace charge into the cold furnace, and at the same time add 1.5kg (accounting for 3‰ of the total charge mass) of the above-prepared slag agent to the bottom of the furnace.

[0041] S2: Start the medium-frequency induction furnace, control the power at 250kW and the frequency at 1000Hz, and wait for the furnace charge to be completely melted before the temperature rises to 1350℃±50℃.

[0042] S3: Keep warm for 5-15 minutes to allow the slag flux to fully function. Observe the slag gradually rising and gathering on the surface of the molten metal, in a loose state.

[0043] S4: Use a special slag removal tool to remove the slag that has accumulated on top of the molten metal. The slag removal time is about 3 minutes.

[0044] S5: Adjust the temperature to 1550℃±50℃, and after sampling and analysis of the composition, cast the product into shape.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The difference from Example 1 is that 99% pure calcium fluoride and sodium fluoride are used. Other formulation components and process conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] The difference from Example 1 is that calcium fluoride and sodium fluoride with a purity of 98.5% are used. Other formulation components and process conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] The difference from Example 1 is that the slag flux does not contain rare earth oxides, and the other components are adjusted in proportion to 33% calcium fluoride (99.5% purity), 22% sodium fluoride (99.5% purity), 15% sodium chloride, 10% boric acid, and 20% calcium carbonate. Other process conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0051] Example 5

[0052] The difference from Example 1 is that the amount of slag agent added is 0.75 kg (accounting for 1.5‰ of the total charge mass), while other conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0053] Example 6

[0054] The difference from Example 1 is that the amount of slag agent added is 2.5 kg (accounting for 5‰ of the total charge mass), while other conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0055] Example 7

[0056] Application in the smelting of beryllium copper alloy C17200 (containing 1.8-2.0% Be): The difference between the slag flux composition and Example 1 is that the rare earth component is replaced with CuCe20 (addition amount 5%, rare earth content 20%), while the other components remain unchanged; the heating temperature in S5 is 1300℃±50℃, and the addition amount is 1kg (accounting for 2‰ of the total charge mass); the casting temperature in S7 is 1350℃±50℃, and other process flows are the same as in Example 1.

[0057] Example 8

[0058] For the smelting of Monel alloys (containing Ni: 63-70%): the composition of the slag flux is the same as in Example 1. The heating temperature in S5 is 1380℃±50℃, and the addition amount is 2kg (accounting for 4‰ of the total charge mass). The casting temperature in S7 is 1400℃±50℃. Other process flows are the same as in Example 1.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] Commercially available conventional slag flux (main components: calcium fluoride, sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, etc. with a purity of 40-50%) was used, with an addition amount of 1.5 kg (accounting for 3‰ of the total charge mass). Other conditions were the same as the process flow in Example 1, and it was applied to the smelting of titanium-copper alloy.

[0061] Comparative Example 2

[0062] The difference from Example 1 is that no slag agent is added, and the titanium-copper alloy is smelted using only conventional smelting processes.

[0063] Comparative Example 3

[0064] Commercially available low-melting-point salt flux (main components: 45% sodium chloride, 30% potassium chloride, 15% alkaline earth metal carbonates, free of fluorides and rare earth elements) was used in the smelting of titanium-copper alloys. The addition amount was 1.5 kg (accounting for 3‰ of the total charge mass). Other conditions were the same as the process flow in Example 1.

[0065] Comparative Example 4

[0066] The difference from Example 1 is as follows:

[0067] The slag flux does not contain rare earth oxide components. Other components are adjusted in proportion as follows: 30% calcium fluoride (60% purity), 20% sodium fluoride (60% purity), 15% sodium chloride, 10% boric acid, and 25% calcium carbonate.

[0068] Comparative Example 5

[0069] The formulation is the same as in Example 1, but the amount added is only 0.25 kg (0.5‰ of the total mass of the material). Other conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0070] Comparative Example 6

[0071] The formula is the same as that in Example 1, but the amount added is 3.5 kg (7‰ of the total mass of the material), and other conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0072] Table 1 Control conditions for each embodiment and comparative example

[0073]

[0074] The following performance tests were performed on each embodiment and comparative example:

[0075] 1) Single-furnace ingot length retention rate: In the continuous 8-furnace smelting test, each furnace melt was cast into a cylindrical ingot (ingot) with a diameter of 60 cm. After casting, the length of each ingot was measured with a tape measure with an accuracy of ±0.05m. The average ingot length of the first 3 furnaces was used as the baseline value, and the ingot length retention rate of subsequent furnaces was calculated. The retention rate of furnaces 6-8 was taken as the index under this condition.

[0076] 2) Slag Removal Amount: The slag removed from each furnace is weighed, and the average slag removal amount (unit: kg) for each of the eight consecutive furnace smelting processes is calculated. It should be noted that due to fluctuations in the state and oxidation degree of the furnace charge, the slag removal amount for each furnace may have a dispersion of approximately ±10%.

[0077] 3) Slag Volume Growth Rate: Using the average slag removal volume of Comparative Example 2 as a benchmark, according to the formula...

[0078] The improvement in average slag removal volume compared to the traditional case without slag additives was calculated.

[0079] 4) Copper content in slag: After slag removal is completed for each furnace, slag samples are collected, crushed, ground, and mixed. The copper content in the slag is determined (expressed as mass percentage wt%) in accordance with GB / T 5121.27-2008 "Chemical Analysis Methods for Copper and Copper Alloys - Part 27: Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry".

[0080] 5) Slag condition observation: Visually observe the slag removed from each furnace and record the following characteristics: looseness (divided into: loose and porous, loose, relatively dense, dense), and ease of cleaning (divided into: easy, average, difficult, extremely difficult).

[0081] The test results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0082] Table 2. Test results of each embodiment and comparative example.

[0083]

[0084] Experimental conclusion:

[0085] The results from Examples 1, 2, and 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 4 show that the purity of calcium fluoride and sodium fluoride has a decisive impact on the smelting effect. When the purity decreased from 99.5% (Example 1) to 98.5% (Example 3), the slag removal amount decreased from 20.2 kg to 16.5 kg, the slag growth rate decreased by about 30%, and the copper content in the slag increased significantly from 8.5-9.5 wt% to 15.5-17.5 wt%. This indicates that high-purity raw materials can reduce the loss of fluoride ions due to impurities, ensuring that high-purity fluorides "attach" or "embed" in solid particle form to the surface of the slag layer in high-temperature furnaces, enabling targeted and efficient removal of the slag, disrupting the complex network structure of oxides such as TiO2 and BeO, and more effectively accumulating impurities into the slag phase. In contrast, using low-purity commercially available slag additives (Comparative Example 1) or insufficiently pure formulations (Comparative Example 4) resulted in viscous slag that was difficult to clean, leading to poor slag removal effect and economic benefits.

[0086] A comparison of Examples 1 and 4 shows that introducing 5% rare earth components increased the slag volume growth rate by approximately 25%, and reduced the copper content in the slag from 10.0-11.5 wt% to 8.5-9.5 wt%. This indicates that rare earth components can promote the transfer of refractory oxides to the slag phase through depolymerization and are efficiently removed. Specifically, Example 7, using a rare earth-copper master alloy (CuCe20) instead of rare earth oxides, achieved a similar slag-cleaning effect to Example 1. This further verifies that both rare earth-copper master alloys and rare earth oxides can effectively improve the microstructure of the slag in the molten slag system, achieving stable slag-cleaning and lining effects.

[0087] The comparison of Examples 1, 5, and 6 with Comparative Examples 5 and 6 shows that there is an optimal range for the amount of slag additive added:

[0088] When the amount added is too low (Comparative Example 5), an effective covering and reaction layer cannot be formed, the slag growth rate is too low, the slag is dense and difficult to clean, and the ingot length retention rate is as low as 78-82%.

[0089] When the addition amount is in the range of 1.5‰-5‰ (Examples 1, 5, 6), the slag is in a loose state, the copper content in the slag is less than 10 wt%, and the ingot length retention rate is maintained at more than 94%, achieving the best balance between slag cleaning, furnace protection and metal recovery.

[0090] When the amount of slag additive is too high (Comparative Example 6), the excessive amount of slag additive leads to an excessively high slag volume growth rate, and the copper content in the slag increases to 12.5-14.5 wt%, indicating that excessive addition will lead to an increase in slag volume and the risk of metal entrainment, an increased cleaning burden, and a decrease in economic benefits.

[0091] Example 8 shows that even under higher melting temperatures for Monel alloys, a 97-99% ingot length retention rate, a good slag growth rate, and a loose and porous slag state were still obtained, indicating that the slag flux of this application has good adaptability to different copper alloy systems and different temperature conditions, and can realize online slag cleaning and furnace wall maintenance in continuous production processes.

[0092] To verify the actual slag removal performance of the slag agent of this invention in complex alloy systems, an industrial comparative test was conducted on a copper-nickel-silicon (Cu-Ni-Si) alloy smelting production line of a copper processing company. This alloy smelting process produces a large amount of slag with high hardness, which easily forms stubborn slag deposits on the furnace wall.

[0093] Figure 1 The furnace conditions without using the slag flux of this invention are shown. For example... Figure 1 As shown, severe "slag formation" was observed on the furnace wall during the 24th heat. An unevenly thick layer of grayish-black slag adhered to the furnace opening and the upper part of the furnace chamber, significantly reducing the inner diameter of the furnace and creating a bottleneck shape with a small opening and a large belly. This slag buildup severely encroached on the effective volume of the furnace, not only reducing the amount of charge per furnace but also affecting the induction heating efficiency due to the thickened slag layer, necessitating a furnace shutdown for slag removal.

[0094] Figures 2 to 5 The results of continuous furnace condition tracking after using the slag flux described in Example 5 of this invention are shown:

[0095] Figure 2 (8th furnace): In the initial stage of the new furnace lining, the furnace wall remained red-hot and clean, with no obvious slag residue on the edges.

[0096] Figure 3 (Burst 32): Although the inner wall of the furnace lost the smoothness of the new furnace lining, the overall outline still maintained a regular cylindrical shape, and no defects were observed. Figure 1 The furnace neck and thick slag layer are shown. The furnace bottom is clearly visible, indicating that the effective volume inside the furnace has been effectively maintained.

[0097] Figure 4 (64th heat): When smelting continuously up to the 64th heat, a small amount of oxides accumulated at the edge of the furnace mouth, but the inside of the furnace remained open and there was no furnace blockage caused by slag.

[0098] Figure 5 (136th heat): When smelting continuously up to the 136th heat, the surface of the furnace wall became rough and there were obvious traces of refractory material repair (gray mottled area), but the furnace chamber remained open and the bottom of the furnace was clearly visible.

[0099] In summary, the slag agent for copper alloy smelting provided in this application constructs a low-melting-point, highly active, and low-viscosity slag system by using high-purity calcium fluoride and / or sodium fluoride of no less than 98.5%, combined with a specific ratio of sodium chloride, boric acid, and calcium carbonate. This system can effectively solve the technical problems of severe slag buildup on the furnace wall, large metal loss, and short furnace lining life during the smelting of copper alloys (especially special copper alloys containing active elements such as titanium, beryllium, nickel, and silicon). Compared with traditional low-purity slag agents or processes without slag agents, it has achieved significant progress in slag removal efficiency, metal recovery, furnace lining protection, and ease of cleaning.

[0100] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of a slag flux for copper alloy smelting in copper alloy smelting, characterized in that, include: The slag flux is added to the bottom of the smelting furnace along with the first batch of furnace charge. After the smelting is completed, the slag that has accumulated on the top of the molten metal is skimmed off. The slag flux, by mass fraction, comprises the following components: Calcium fluoride 30-40%, sodium fluoride 20-30%, sodium chloride 15-20%, boric acid 10-15%, calcium carbonate 15-20%; The purity of the calcium fluoride and sodium fluoride is not less than 98.5%. The amount of slag agent added is 1‰ to 6‰ of the mass of the copper alloy smelting raw materials.

2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of slag agent added is 1‰ to 4‰ of the mass of the copper alloy smelting raw materials.

3. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The purity of the calcium fluoride and sodium fluoride is not less than 99%.

4. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The purity of the calcium fluoride and sodium fluoride is not less than 99.5%.

5. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag agent, by mass fraction, also includes the following components: 1-5% rare earth oxides or rare earth-copper master alloys.

6. The application according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rare earth oxides include one or more of cerium oxide, lanthanum oxide, and yttrium oxide.

7. The application according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rare earth content in the rare earth-copper master alloy is 10-30%.

8. The application according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The preparation process of the slag flux includes the following steps: Weigh each component raw material according to its mass fraction to ensure it meets the purity requirements, and control the batching accuracy within ±0.5%. Grind the weighed components to control the particle size between 150 mesh and 200 mesh.

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