A full-geologic-condition stepped reaming tool and method

Abstract

The application discloses a full-geological-condition grading reaming tool and a grading reaming method. The tool comprises a drill bit connecting rod connected with a drill rod, a reaming structure connected with the drill bit connecting rod, and a long-distance diamond drill bit arranged at the lower end of the reaming structure. The reaming structure is configured to be rotatable relative to the drill bit connecting rod. The tool further comprises a movable drill bit connected with the lower end of the drill bit connecting rod and provided with a short-distance diamond drill bit. When the tool is located in a borehole and the drill rod is positively rotated, the movable drill bit can move upward along the axial direction of the drill bit connecting rod and drive the reaming structure to rotate relative to the drill bit connecting rod to form an open state, and the reaming operation of the borehole is performed through the open reaming structure. The grading reaming tool can adapt to all geological conditions, and can realize the drilling and reaming of soft and hard geological conditions. The tool structure is novel, the operation is convenient, and the tool can control the reaming diameter to a certain extent, thereby meeting the requirements of reaming with different diameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a graded hole-reaming tool and method for all geological conditions. Background Technology

[0002] With urbanization, geological issues are no longer a primary consideration in building site selection. Instead, various foundation types and reinforcement methods are employed. Enclosed anchor bolts are one measure to address the impact of groundwater levels on buildings. Conventional methods involve using high-pressure gas or water to enlarge the borehole, but this is limited to soft foundations and cannot be used for moderately or strongly weathered rock formations. Furthermore, the borehole diameter cannot be controlled.

[0003] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, those skilled in the art urgently need to develop a graded borehole enlargement tool and method for all geological conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a graded hole reaming tool and method for all geological conditions. This graded hole reaming tool can adapt to all geological conditions, and can achieve drilling and hole reaming in both soft and hard geological conditions. The tool has a novel structure, is easy to operate, and can play a certain control role in the hole reaming diameter, meeting the requirements of hole reaming of different diameters.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a graded reaming tool for all geological conditions. The graded reaming tool is mounted on the drill rod of a drilling machine. The graded reaming tool includes: The drill bit connecting rod that connects to the drill pipe; A reaming structure connected to the drill bit connecting rod, wherein the lower end of the reaming structure has a long-pitch diamond drill bit; The reaming structure is configured to rotate relative to the drill bit connecting rod; The graded hole-reaming tool also includes: A movable drill bit connected to the lower end of the drill bit connecting rod and having a short-pitch diamond drill bit, when the tool is in the borehole and the drill rod is rotating forward, the movable drill bit can move upward along the axial direction of the drill bit connecting rod and drive the reaming structure to rotate relative to the drill bit connecting rod to form an open state, and perform borehole reaming operation through the open reaming structure.

[0006] Furthermore, the drill bit connecting rod includes: A drill bit connecting rod connector is connected to the drill rod, and the drill bit connecting rod connector is threadedly connected to the drill rod via an upper screw. A connecting rod is formed at the lower end of the drill bit connecting rod connector, and the connecting rod is divided into an upper connecting rod part and a lower screw part; The movable drill bit is threadedly connected to the screw section, and moves upward along the axial direction of the drill bit connecting rod when the drill rod rotates forward through the threaded connection with the screw section; The drill bit connecting rod has multiple locking pins that pass through the connecting rod radially, and the connecting rod is divided into multiple connecting rod segments by the multiple locking pins. The locking pins are used to limit the stroke of the movable drill bit along the axial direction of the drill bit connecting rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the connecting rod has six locking pins distributed along the axial direction, and the connecting rod is divided into five-stage enlarged hole sections by the six locking pins.

[0008] Furthermore, the movable drill bit is divided into short movable drill bits and long movable drill bits; The connecting rod consists of a first-stage reaming section, a second-stage reaming section, a third-stage reaming section, a fourth-stage reaming section, and a fifth-stage reaming section, from bottom to top. The short movable drill bit is used for the first-stage reaming section, the second-stage reaming section, and the third-stage reaming section; The long movable drill bit is used for the fourth-stage and fifth-stage reaming sections.

[0009] Furthermore, the drill bit connecting rod connector has a connecting hole in its circumference; The hole-reaming structure is configured as four sets of hole-reaming blades arranged circumferentially along the drill bit connecting head. When the four sets of hole-reaming blades are in the closed state, the four sets of hole-reaming blades form a cylindrical structure located outside the connecting rod through their arc-shaped blade structure. The lower end of the reaming blade has the long-pitch diamond drill bit.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper end of the enlarged blade is a blade connector rotatably connected to the connecting hole, and the inner surface of the enlarged blade is a spacing strip.

[0011] Furthermore, the movable drill bit includes: Drill bit body; A tapered section is formed at the upper end of the drill bit body, and the tapered section cooperates with the spacing strip inside the reaming blade to drive the reaming blade to rotate relative to the drill bit connecting rod through the movement of the movable drill bit. The lower end of the drill bit body is a short-pitch diamond drill bit.

[0012] Furthermore, the length of the drill body of the short movable drill bit is less than the length of the drill body of the long movable drill bit.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a graded borehole enlargement method for all geological conditions, which is based on the aforementioned graded borehole enlargement tool.

[0014] Furthermore, the main steps include: S1. Construction preparation: Before construction, the site is cleared and the drilling rig and drill rod are in place; S2. Installation of the reaming drill bit: Connect the reaming drill bit and the drill rod through the screw and drill rod screw hole. Before drilling, check if the locking is in the first position. At this time, the reaming structure is not open when in the first position, and drilling can be carried out. S3. Drilling: The drilling rig drills downwards by rotating in the forward direction, and blows out the slag and rock inside the hole through the reaming drill bit using high-pressure gas. S4. Pull out the reaming drill bit: When the hole reaches the designed depth, pull out the reaming drill bit. S5. Remove the locking pin: Remove the locking pin according to the design hole enlargement diameter requirements. Each locking pin can enlarge the hole by 0.8 times the diameter of the drill bit. There are five locking pins in total, which can enlarge the hole by 4 times the drill bit diameter. Two movable drill bits are provided. The short movable drill bit is suitable for locking pins of levels one to three, and the long movable drill bit is suitable for locking pins of levels four to five. S6. Reaming: Insert the reaming drill bit into the hole again, apply downward force to make the movable drill bit rotate forward and lift upward, pushing the reaming blades open and reaming the hole; S7. Lifting the rod: After the hole is enlarged, reverse the force downward to make the enlargement blades retract. After the retraction is complete, lift the rod to complete the construction.

[0015] The present invention provides a graded borehole enlargement tool and method for all geological conditions, which has the following beneficial effects: The graded reaming tool of this invention can adapt to all geological conditions, and can achieve drilling and reaming in both soft and hard geological conditions. The tool has a novel structure, is easy to operate, and can play a certain control role in the reaming diameter, meeting the requirements of reaming holes of different diameters. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the closed state of a graded borehole enlargement tool for all geological conditions, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a graded borehole reaming tool for all geological conditions, which opens up using a short movable drill bit, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a graded borehole reaming tool for all geological conditions, which opens up using a long movable drill bit, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the drill bit connecting rod of a graded reaming tool for all geological conditions, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the expansion structure of a graded borehole reaming tool for all geological conditions provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a short movable drill bit for a graded borehole reaming tool under all geological conditions, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a long movable drill bit for a graded borehole reaming tool for all geological conditions, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Drill rod; 2. Drill bit connecting rod; 3. Reaming structure; 201. Drill bit connecting rod connector; 202. Upper screw rod; 203. Connecting rod part; 204. Screw rod part; 205. Lock; 206. Connecting hole; 301. Reamer blade; 302. Long-pitch diamond drill bit; 303. Blade connector; 304. Spacing strip; 401. Short movable drill bit; 402. Long movable drill bit; 403. Drill bit body; 404. Tapered section; 405. Short-pitch diamond drill bit. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] See Figures 1 to 7 As shown; This embodiment discloses a graded reaming tool for all geological conditions. The graded reaming tool is installed on the drill rod 1 of a drilling machine. The graded reaming tool includes: Drill bit connecting rod 2 is connected to drill pipe 1; A hole-reaming structure 3 is connected to the drill bit connecting rod 2, and the lower end of the hole-reaming structure 3 has a long-pitch diamond drill bit 302; The reaming structure 3 is configured to rotate relative to the drill bit connecting rod 2; The graded reaming tool also includes: The movable drill bit, which is connected to the lower end of the drill bit connecting rod 2 and has a short-pitch diamond drill bit 405, can move upward along the axis of the drill bit connecting rod 2 and drive the reaming structure 3 to rotate relative to the drill bit connecting rod 2 to form an open state when the tool is in the borehole and the drill rod 1 is rotated forward. The reaming operation of the borehole is performed through the open reaming structure 3.

[0021] Specifically, this embodiment discloses a staged reaming tool, which is used in conjunction with the drill rod 1 of a drilling machine. It mainly includes a drill bit connecting rod 2, a reaming structure 3, and a movable drill bit that can be selected according to the reaming requirements. The drill bit connecting rod 2 is connected to the drill rod of the drilling machine. Simultaneously, the reaming structure 3 is movably connected to the drill bit connecting rod 2. When reaming is not required, i.e., when the reaming structure 3 is not open, the tool performs drilling operations through the long-pitch diamond drill bit 302 at the lower end of the reaming structure 3. When reaming is required, the corresponding movable drill bit is installed, allowing the reaming structure 3 to open at a certain angle when needed, achieving the reaming effect.

[0022] Preferably, the drill bit connecting rod 2 in this embodiment includes a drill bit connecting rod connector 201 connected to the drill rod 1, and the drill bit connecting rod connector 201 is threadedly connected to the drill rod 1 through an upper screw 202; a connecting rod is formed at the lower end of the drill bit connecting rod connector 201, and the connecting rod is divided into an upper connecting rod part 203 and a lower screw part 204. The movable drill bit is threadedly connected to the screw section 204, and moves upward along the axis of the drill bit connecting rod 2 when the drill rod 1 rotates forward through the threaded connection with the screw section 204. The drill bit connecting rod 2 has multiple locking pins 205 extending radially along the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is divided into multiple connecting rod segments by the multiple locking pins 205. The locking pins 205 are used to limit the stroke of the movable drill bit along the axial movement of the drill bit connecting rod 2.

[0023] In addition, in this embodiment, the connecting rod is provided with six locking pins 205 along the axial direction, and the connecting rod is divided into five-stage expansion sections by the six locking pins 205.

[0024] See Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment further defines the structure of the drill bit connecting rod 2. Its main body is a drill bit connecting rod connector 201, which is configured as a cylindrical structure matching the diameter of the drill rod 1 and threadedly connected to the drill rod 1 via an upper screw 202. Secondly, the lower part of the drill bit connecting rod connector 201 is a connecting rod. In this embodiment, the connecting rod is divided into a connecting rod portion 203 and a screw portion 204. The screw portion 204 is threadedly connected to the movable drill bit and drives the movable drill bit to move axially along the connecting rod. Furthermore, based on the five-stage reaming sections derived from the six locking bolts 205, the corresponding locking bolts 205 can be selectively disassembled to perform reaming operations.

[0025] Preferably, the movable drill bit in this embodiment is divided into a short movable drill bit 401 and a long movable drill bit 402; The connecting rod consists of five stages of hole enlargement, from bottom to top: a first-stage hole enlargement stage, a second-stage hole enlargement stage, a third-stage hole enlargement stage, a fourth-stage hole enlargement stage, and a fifth-stage hole enlargement stage. The short movable drill bit 401 is used for the first-stage, second-stage, and third-stage reaming sections; The long movable drill bit 402 is used for the fourth and fifth stage reaming sections.

[0026] In this embodiment, the locking pin 205 is removed according to the design hole enlargement diameter requirement. Each locking pin 205 can enlarge the hole by 0.8 times the diameter of the drill bit. A total of five locking pins 205 are set, which can enlarge the hole by 4 times the drill bit diameter. Two movable drill bits are also provided. The short movable drill bit 401 is suitable for the first to third level locking pins, and the long movable drill bit 402 is suitable for the fourth to fifth level locking pins.

[0027] See Figure 5 As shown, in order to integrate the above-mentioned hole-enlarging structure 3, the drill bit connecting rod connector 201 of this embodiment has a connecting hole 206 in the circumferential direction; The reaming structure 3 is configured as four sets of reaming blades 301 arranged circumferentially along the drill bit connecting head 201. When the four sets of reaming blades 301 are in the closed state, the four sets of reaming blades 301 form a cylindrical structure located outside the connecting rod through their arc-shaped blade structure. The lower end of the reaming blades 301 has a long-pitch diamond drill bit 302.

[0028] In this embodiment, the upper end of the enlarged blade 301 is a blade connector 303 rotatably connected to the connecting hole 206, and the inner side of the enlarged blade 301 is a spacing strip 304.

[0029] This embodiment further defines the structure of the hole-enlarging structure 3, which includes four sets of hole-enlarging blades 301. The upper end of the hole-enlarging blade 301 is a blade connector 303, which is used to connect with the connecting hole 206 corresponding to the drill bit connecting rod connector 201. The connecting part is a hinged part, and the hole-enlarging blade 301 can rotate around the hinged part.

[0030] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the short movable drill bit 401 and the long movable drill bit 402 in this embodiment have the same structure, only the lengths are different. Specifically, the movable drill bit includes a drill bit body 403; a tapered portion 404 formed at the upper end of the drill bit body 403, and the tapered portion 404 cooperates with the spacing strip 405 inside the reaming blade 301 to drive the reaming blade 301 to rotate relative to the drill bit connecting rod 2 through the movement of the movable drill bit; the lower end of the drill bit body 403 is a short-pitch diamond drill bit 405.

[0031] Among them, the length of the drill body 403 of the short movable drill bit 401 is less than the length of the drill body 403 of the long movable drill bit 402.

[0032] The present invention also discloses a graded borehole enlargement method for all geological conditions, which is based on the aforementioned graded borehole enlargement tool.

[0033] The main steps include: S1. Construction preparation: Before construction, the site is cleared and the drilling rig and drill rod 1 are in place; S2. Installation of the reaming drill bit: Connect the reaming drill bit and drill rod 1 through the screw and drill rod screw hole. Before drilling, check if the locking is in the first position. At this time, the reaming structure is not open when in the first position, and drilling can be carried out. S3. Drilling: The drilling rig drills downwards by rotating in the forward direction, and blows out the slag and rock inside the hole through the reaming drill bit using high-pressure gas. S4. Pull out the reaming drill bit: When the hole reaches the designed depth, pull out the reaming drill bit. S5. Remove the locking pin: Remove the locking pin 205 according to the designed enlargement diameter requirement. Each locking pin 205 can enlarge the hole by 0.8 times the diameter of the drill bit. A total of five locking pins 205 are set, which can enlarge the hole by 4 times the drill bit diameter. Two movable drill bits are provided. The short movable drill bit 401 is suitable for the first to third level locking pins, and the long movable drill bit 402 is suitable for the fourth to fifth level locking pins. S6. Reaming: Insert the reaming drill bit into the hole again, apply downward force to make the movable drill bit rotate forward and lift upward, pushing the reaming blade 301 open and reaming the hole. S7. Lifting the rod: After the hole is enlarged, reverse the force downward to make the enlargement blade 301 shrink. After shrinkage, lift the rod to complete the construction.

[0034] The present invention provides a graded borehole enlargement tool and method for all geological conditions, which has the following beneficial effects: The graded reaming tool of this invention can adapt to all geological conditions, and can achieve drilling and reaming in both soft and hard geological conditions. The tool has a novel structure, is easy to operate, and can play a certain control role in the reaming diameter, meeting the requirements of reaming holes of different diameters.

[0035] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A graded borehole reaming tool suitable for all geological conditions, characterized in that, The staged reaming tool is installed on the drill rod (1) of the drilling machine, and the staged reaming tool includes: Drill bit connecting rod (2) connected to drill rod (1); A reaming structure (3) is connected to the drill bit connecting rod (2), and the lower end of the reaming structure (3) has a long-pitch diamond drill bit (302). The reaming structure (3) is configured to rotate relative to the drill bit connecting rod (2); The graded hole-reaming tool also includes: The movable drill bit, which is connected to the lower end of the drill bit connecting rod (2) and has a short-pitch diamond drill bit (405), can move upward along the axis of the drill bit connecting rod (2) and drive the reaming structure (3) to rotate relative to the drill bit connecting rod (2) to form an open state when the tool is in the borehole and the drill rod (1) is rotating forward. The reaming operation of the borehole is performed through the open reaming structure (3). The drill bit connecting rod (2) includes: A drill bit connecting rod connector (201) is connected to the drill rod (1), and the drill bit connecting rod connector (201) is threadedly connected to the drill rod (1) via an upper screw (202); A connecting rod is formed at the lower end of the drill bit connecting rod connector (201), and the connecting rod is divided into an upper connecting rod part (203) and a lower screw part (204). The movable drill bit is threadedly connected to the screw part (204), and moves upward along the axis of the drill bit connecting rod (2) when the drill rod (1) rotates forward through the threaded connection with the screw part (204); The drill bit connecting rod (2) has multiple locking pins (205) that pass through the radial direction of the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is divided into multiple connecting rod segments by the multiple locking pins (205). The locking pins (205) are used to limit the stroke of the movable drill bit along the axial direction of the drill bit connecting rod (2). The connecting rod has six locking bolts (205) distributed along the axial direction, and the connecting rod is divided into five-stage enlargement sections by the six locking bolts (205); The movable drill bit is divided into a short movable drill bit (401) and a long movable drill bit (402). The connecting rod consists of a first-stage reaming section, a second-stage reaming section, a third-stage reaming section, a fourth-stage reaming section, and a fifth-stage reaming section, from bottom to top. The short movable drill bit (401) is used for the first-stage reaming section, the second-stage reaming section and the third-stage reaming section; The long movable drill bit (402) is used for the fourth-stage and fifth-stage reaming sections.

2. The graded borehole reamer tool for all geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill bit connecting rod connector (201) has a connecting hole (206) in the circumferential direction. The hole-expanding structure (3) is configured as four sets of hole-expanding blades (301) arranged circumferentially along the drill bit connecting head (201), and when the four sets of hole-expanding blades (301) are in the closed state, the four sets of hole-expanding blades (301) form a cylindrical structure located outside the connecting rod through their arc-shaped blade structure. The lower end of the reaming blade (301) has the long-pitch diamond drill bit (302).

3. The graded borehole enlargement tool for all geological conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper end of the enlarged blade (301) is a blade connector (303) rotatably connected to the connecting hole (206), and the inner side of the enlarged blade (301) is a spacing strip (304).

4. The graded borehole reaming tool for all geological conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The movable drill bit includes: Drill bit body (403); A tapered section (404) is formed on the upper end of the drill bit body (403), and the tapered section (404) cooperates with the spacing strip (405) inside the reaming blade (301) to drive the reaming blade (301) to rotate relative to the drill bit connecting rod (2) through the movement of the movable drill bit. The lower end of the drill bit body (403) is a short-pitch diamond drill bit (405).

5. A graded borehole reaming tool for all geological conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that, The length of the drill body (403) of the short movable drill bit (401) is less than the length of the drill body (403) of the long movable drill bit (402).

6. A graded borehole enlargement method for all geological conditions, characterized in that, This graded reaming method is based on the graded reaming tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The graded borehole enlargement method under all geological conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main steps include: S1. Construction preparation: Before construction, the site is cleaned and the drilling rig and drill rod (1) are in place; S2. Installation of the reaming drill bit: Connect the reaming drill bit and the drill rod (1) through the screw and drill rod screw hole. Before drilling, check whether the locking is in the first level. At this time, the reaming structure (3) is not open when in the first level position, and drilling can be performed. S3. Drilling: The drilling rig drills downwards by rotating in the forward direction, and blows out the slag and rock inside the hole through the reaming drill bit using high-pressure gas. S4. Pull out the reaming drill bit: When the hole reaches the designed depth, pull out the reaming drill bit. S5. Remove the locking pin (205): Remove the locking pin (205) according to the design hole enlargement diameter requirement. Each locking pin (205) can enlarge the hole by 0.8 times the diameter of the drill bit. A total of five locking pins (205) are set up, which can enlarge the hole by 4 times the drill bit diameter. Two movable drill bits are provided. The short movable drill bit (401) is suitable for the first to third level locking pins, and the long movable drill bit (402) is suitable for the fourth to fifth level locking pins. S6. Reaming: Insert the reaming drill bit into the hole again, apply downward force, and make the movable drill bit rotate forward and lift upward, pushing the reaming blade (301) open and reaming the hole; S7. Lifting the rod: After the hole is enlarged, reverse the force downward to make the hole enlargement blade (301) shrink. After shrinkage, lift the rod to complete the construction.

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