An oil leakage prevention mechanism, an oil tank and a railway vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses an oil leakage prevention mechanism, an oil tank and a railway vehicle, and relates to the technical field of rail transportation. The oil leakage prevention mechanism comprises a first-stage buffer structure and a second-stage buffer structure. The first-stage buffer structure is arranged on an oil storage tank body. The first-stage buffer structure is provided with a through hole communicating with the oil storage tank body, and is used for limiting the rising height of an oil surface in the oil storage tank body. The second-stage buffer structure is arranged on the first-stage buffer structure and communicates with the first-stage buffer structure. The second-stage buffer structure is provided with at least two sequentially communicating buffer cavities, so that oil liquid entering the second-stage buffer structure from the first-stage buffer structure sequentially flows through each buffer cavity and reduces the flow rate in each cavity. The oil leakage prevention mechanism solves the problem that the oil tank of the railway vehicle is prone to causing oil liquid to leak from the vent pipe opening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rail transit technology, and in particular to an oil leak prevention mechanism, an oil tank, and a rail vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, diesel locomotives and hybrid electric multiple units generally use diesel engines as the sole or backup power source, which can directly drive the wheelsets or supply power to the traction system through generator sets.

[0003] In the existing system, vehicles need to be equipped with large-capacity fuel tanks to ensure long-distance operation. Large-capacity fuel tanks must be equipped with vent pipes. Currently, the vent pipe is usually placed in the middle or end area of ​​the fuel tank, with a portion of its length extended upwards and outwards, so that the vent pipe opening is perpendicular to the ground to maintain internal pressure balance. On the one hand, this prevents the formation of a vacuum inside the tank when the fuel is continuously consumed, ensuring the smooth operation of the fuel supply system; on the other hand, it avoids the accumulation of a large amount of fuel gas, which would cause the pressure to rise and eliminate safety hazards.

[0004] Compared to moving machinery like automobiles, the unique operating conditions of high-speed trains lie in the long duration and large amplitude of acceleration and deceleration. Taking high-speed braking at speeds above 200 km / h as an example, the train needs to decelerate to a stop at a constant speed within nearly a minute. During this period, the continuous acceleration causes significant tilting and violent sloshing of the hydraulic fluid inside the tank. Although optimizing suspension parameters can suppress these fluctuations to some extent, the fluid level shift caused by prolonged and significant acceleration and deceleration can still easily lead to fluid leakage from the vent pipe, posing a fire risk, resulting in fluid loss, environmental pollution, and increased subsequent maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide an oil leak prevention mechanism, an oil tank, and a rail vehicle, which solves the problem that the oil tank of a rail vehicle is prone to oil leakage from the vent pipe.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides an oil leakage prevention mechanism, which is installed between the oil storage tank body and the vent pipe of the oil tank, comprising:

[0007] The first-stage buffer structure is located on the oil storage tank. The first-stage buffer structure has a through hole that connects to the oil storage tank. The first-stage buffer structure is used to limit the rise height of the oil level in the oil storage tank.

[0008] The second-stage buffer structure is located on top of and connected to the first-stage buffer structure. The second-stage buffer structure has at least two sequentially connected buffer chambers, so that the oil entering the second-stage buffer structure from the first-stage buffer structure flows through each buffer chamber in sequence and the flow rate is reduced in each chamber.

[0009] In some embodiments, a third-level buffer structure is also included, which is connected to the second-level buffer structure. At least a portion of the third-level buffer structure has a preset tilt angle with the plane where the first-level buffer structure is located, so that the oil flows back to the second-level buffer structure.

[0010] In some embodiments, the third-stage buffer structure includes a buffer inclined conduit and a buffer connecting pipe. The buffer inclined conduit is connected to the second-stage buffer structure through the buffer connecting pipe so that the oil flows back to the second-stage buffer structure through the buffer connecting pipe.

[0011] In some embodiments, the inner cavity of the second-stage buffer structure is provided with a first partition and a second partition, which are arranged in parallel to divide the inner cavity of the second-stage buffer structure into a first cavity, a second cavity, and a third cavity that are connected in sequence. The first partition is provided with a first through hole for communication between the first cavity and the second cavity, and the second partition is provided with a second through hole for communication between the second cavity and the third cavity.

[0012] In some embodiments, the volumes of the first cavity, the second cavity, and the third cavity are increased sequentially.

[0013] In some embodiments, the inner cavity of the second-stage buffer structure is further provided with a first inclined baffle. The height of the first inclined baffle increases from the first cavity to the third cavity. The first ends of the first partition and the second partition are flush with each other, and the other ends extend to the first inclined baffle.

[0014] In some embodiments, the inner cavity of the second-stage buffer structure is further provided with a second inclined baffle, the height of which decreases from the first cavity to the third cavity, so as to form a fourth cavity inside the second-stage buffer structure. The first partition is provided with a third through hole for communication between the second cavity and the fourth cavity.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first-stage buffer structure is a flat boss structure with a flat buffer cavity; and / or, an elastic diaphragm is provided between the first-stage buffer structure or between the first-stage buffer structure and the second-stage buffer structure, the elastic diaphragm being used to suppress oil surface fluctuations.

[0016] The oil tank provided in this application includes an oil storage tank body and a vent pipe, and also includes an oil leakage prevention mechanism disposed between the oil storage tank body and the vent pipe, as described in the above specific embodiments.

[0017] The rail vehicle provided in this application includes the fuel tank described in the above specific embodiments.

[0018] Compared to the aforementioned background technology, the oil leakage prevention mechanism provided in this application embodiment is used to be installed between the oil storage tank body and the vent pipe of the oil tank. The oil leakage prevention mechanism includes a first-stage buffer structure and a second-stage buffer structure. The first-stage buffer structure is disposed on the oil storage tank body and has a through hole communicating with the oil storage tank body. The first-stage buffer structure is used to limit the rise height of the oil level in the oil storage tank body. The second-stage buffer structure is disposed on the first-stage buffer structure and communicates with it. The second-stage buffer structure has at least two sequentially connected buffer chambers, so that the oil entering the second-stage buffer structure from the first-stage buffer structure flows sequentially through each buffer chamber and its flow rate is reduced in each chamber.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this leak-proof mechanism mainly include:

[0020] The first-stage buffer structure first smooths the oil level, limiting the surge in oil height caused by continuous acceleration to a controllable range. Then, the oil enters the series of chambers in the second-stage buffer structure, where it is decelerated step by step, its kinetic energy continuously dissipated. This prevents the oil from retaining sufficient kinetic energy to overflow the vent, fundamentally eliminating the risk of leakage under continuous acceleration conditions. In this way, after eliminating oil spillage, the surfaces of high-temperature components under the vehicle and along the track are no longer contaminated by oil droplets, significantly reducing the probability of fire. It also reduces oil loss and ground cleaning costs caused by leaks, improving overall lifecycle economics. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the oil leak prevention mechanism in the embodiments of this application.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the fuel tank in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fuel tank in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] in:

[0026] 10 - First-stage buffer structure; 11 - Flat buffer cavity;

[0027] 20 - Second-stage buffer structure; 21 - First partition; 22 - Second partition; 23 - First cavity; 24 - Second cavity; 25 - Third cavity; 26 - First inclined baffle; 27 - Second inclined baffle; 28 - Fourth cavity;

[0028] 30 - Third-stage buffer structure; 31 - Buffer inclined conduit; 32 - Buffer connecting pipe;

[0029] 40 - Oil reservoir body;

[0030] 50 - Ventilation tube. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] It should be noted that the directional terms such as "upper end," "lower end," "left side," and "right side" mentioned below are defined based on the accompanying drawings in the instruction manual.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the oil leak prevention mechanism in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the fuel tank in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fuel tank in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] The oil leak prevention mechanism provided in this application embodiment is used to be installed between the oil storage tank 40 and the vent pipe 50 of the oil tank. The oil leak prevention mechanism includes a first-stage buffer structure 10 and a second-stage buffer structure 20.

[0036] The first-stage buffer structure 10 is provided on the oil storage tank 40. The first-stage buffer structure 10 has a through hole that connects to the oil storage tank 40. The first-stage buffer structure 10 is used to limit the rise height of the oil level in the oil storage tank 40.

[0037] The second-stage buffer structure 20 is disposed on the first-stage buffer structure 10 and is connected to the first-stage buffer structure 10. The second-stage buffer structure 20 is provided with at least two sequentially connected buffer chambers so that the oil entering the second-stage buffer structure 20 from the first-stage buffer structure 10 flows through each buffer chamber in sequence and the flow rate is reduced in each chamber.

[0038] The oil leak prevention mechanism is designed in this way. The first-stage buffer structure 10 first reduces the peak of the liquid level, limiting the height of the oil level that rises due to continuous acceleration to a controllable range. Then the oil enters the series chambers of the second-stage buffer structure 20, where it decelerates step by step in each chamber. The kinetic energy is continuously dissipated, so that the oil cannot maintain enough kinetic energy to rise to the vent, thus fundamentally eliminating the risk of leakage under continuous acceleration conditions.

[0039] In this way, after eliminating oil spills, the surfaces of high-temperature components under the vehicle and along the track are no longer contaminated by oil droplets, significantly reducing the probability of fire. At the same time, it reduces oil loss and ground cleaning costs caused by leaks, improving the overall economic efficiency throughout the vehicle's life cycle.

[0040] In some embodiments, the first-stage buffer structure 10 may be a flat boss structure with a flat buffer cavity 11, the bottom of which is provided with an oil inlet hole. When the vehicle is running at operating speed and the gear is shifted to emergency braking mode, the flat boss structure first plays the role of the first-stage buffer, and its boss structure allows the oil entering the oil inlet hole to flow slowly into the flat buffer cavity 11.

[0041] On the one hand, the flat boss structure is low-profile and does not encroach on the effective oil storage volume of the oil tank body 40.

[0042] On the other hand, the flat boss structure has a large cross-section in the horizontal direction and strong instantaneous peak reduction capability. The flat cavity has a horizontal buffer area several times larger than the through hole area in the normal direction of the liquid surface, which can instantly spread the liquid surface surge caused by acceleration into a thin layer, and the kinetic energy is quickly converted into surface energy, effectively suppressing the oil surface surge during braking, reducing the impact height of the oil in the normal direction of the liquid surface, and creating low energy inlet conditions for the deceleration of the subsequent second-stage buffer structure 20.

[0043] When the first-stage buffer structure 10 is insufficient to accommodate the change in oil volume caused by the tilt of the oil surface, the oil enters the upper space through the connecting circular hole between the first-stage buffer structure 10 and the second-stage buffer structure 20.

[0044] In some embodiments, the inner cavity of the second-stage buffer structure 20 is provided with a first partition 21 and a second partition 22. The first partition 21 and the second partition 22 are arranged parallel to each other in a vertical position to divide the inner cavity of the second-stage buffer structure 20 into a first cavity 23, a second cavity 24, and a third cavity 25 that are connected in sequence. At the same time, the first partition 21 is provided with a first through hole for communicating between the first cavity 23 and the second cavity 24, and the second partition 22 is provided with a second through hole for communicating between the second cavity 24 and the third cavity 25.

[0045] The volumes of the first cavity 23, the second cavity 24, and the third cavity 25 increase sequentially.

[0046] It should be noted that the second-stage buffer structure 20 is a rectangular box structure. Two vertical parallel baffles divide the inner cavity of the second-stage buffer structure 20 into a series flow channel of the first cavity 23, the second cavity 24 and the third cavity 25. The volumes of the first cavity 23, the second cavity 24 and the third cavity 25 increase sequentially. This causes the oil to decelerate and accumulate in each cavity due to the sudden expansion of volume, and the kinetic energy is continuously dissipated, thereby significantly reducing the energy margin of the oil when it flows over to the vent pipe 50.

[0047] In addition, the inner cavity of the second-stage buffer structure 20 is provided with a first inclined baffle 26. The height of the first inclined baffle 26 increases from the first cavity 23 to the third cavity 25. The first ends of the first partition 21 and the second partition 22 are flush with each other, and the other ends extend to the first inclined baffle 26 respectively.

[0048] Furthermore, the first and second through holes are staggered in the height (vertical direction) or lateral position of the partition plate, and the oil is in a jet diffusion state between adjacent chambers. The flow velocity is first concentrated and then suddenly expanded, generating additional turbulent dissipation and pressure recovery, which is equivalent to a fixed throttle valve without moving parts. The damping effect automatically increases with the flow rate.

[0049] In this way, the slope setting of the first inclined baffle 26 and the staggered arrangement of the first through hole and the second through hole in the vertical direction make the first baffle 21, the second baffle 22 and the first inclined baffle 26 together form a coupled damping flow channel with the cooperation of steps and slope, so that the oil forms a deceleration mechanism in the adjacent buffer chambers, further improving the kinetic energy dissipation rate of the oil.

[0050] As can be seen from the above, the second-stage buffer structure 20 with the above configuration can make the oil undergo sudden expansion and deceleration each time it crosses the baffle. The flow velocity decreases stepwise as the flow area increases. Kinetic energy is continuously converted into static pressure and heat energy through turbulent mixing and pressure recovery. Efficient and reliable three-stage energy dissipation can be achieved without any moving parts, which significantly weakens the inertia of the oil and thus blocks the risk of leakage of the vent pipe 50 under long-term acceleration and deceleration conditions.

[0051] In some embodiments, the inner cavity of the second-stage buffer structure 20 is further provided with a second inclined baffle 27, the height of which decreases from the first cavity 23 to the third cavity 25, so as to form a fourth cavity 28 inside the second-stage buffer structure 20, and the first partition 21 is provided with a third through hole for communication between the second cavity 24 and the fourth cavity 28.

[0052] For example, the first partition 21 can have a first through hole at a corresponding position at its bottom and a third through hole at a corresponding position at its top.

[0053] In this way, the second inclined baffle 27 forms a slope with increasing height at the tail section of the second-stage buffer structure 20, naturally forming the fourth cavity 28 with the top wall of the second-stage buffer structure 20 and the first partition 21. After the oil flows along the original three-cavity channel, as the liquid level continues to rise, the oil is screened by the high-level third through hole, and only low-kinetic-energy oil droplets can cross the first partition 21 and enter the fourth cavity 28. In the cavity, the oil is decelerated again by the inclined plate, and finally flows back to the second cavity 24 quickly along the slope, realizing the synergistic separation effect of top interception, secondary settling and gravity return, further eliminating the hidden danger of oil rushing into the vent pipe 50 due to continuous acceleration.

[0054] In some embodiments, the oil leakage prevention mechanism further includes a third-level buffer structure 30, which is connected to the second-level buffer structure 20. At least a portion of the structure of the third-level buffer structure 30 has a preset tilt angle with the plane on which the first-level buffer structure 10 is located, so that the oil flows back to the second-level buffer structure 20.

[0055] In this embodiment, the third-stage buffer structure 30 includes a buffer inclined conduit 31 and a buffer connecting pipe 32. The buffer inclined conduit 31 is connected to the second-stage buffer structure 20 through the buffer connecting pipe 32, so that the oil flows back to the second-stage buffer structure 20 through the buffer connecting pipe 32.

[0056] Specifically, one end of the buffer connecting pipe 32 is connected to the buffer inclined conduit 31, and the other end is connected to the fourth cavity 28 of the second-stage buffer structure 20. The distance between the buffer inclined conduit 31 and the plane where the first-stage buffer structure 10 is located increases from the first cavity 23 to the third cavity 25.

[0057] When the three-chamber space of the second-stage buffer structure 20 is still insufficient to accommodate oil fluctuations, the oil enters the fourth chamber 28 through the upper hole of the first partition 21, and then is introduced into the buffer inclined guide tube 31 via the buffer connecting pipe 32.

[0058] Because the buffer inclined guide pipe 31 is set at a certain inclination angle, its slope surface can effectively inhibit the oil from continuing to flow to the outside of the oil tank. If local oil splashes into this area, the buffer inclined guide pipe 31 causes the oil to fall back along the slope surface and flow back to the second-stage buffer structure 20 through the buffer connecting pipe 32, realizing circulation guidance and multi-stage buffering.

[0059] As can be seen, the third-stage buffer structure 30 forms an external inclined reflux channel by combining the buffer inclined conduit 31 and the buffer connecting pipe 32: the buffer inclined conduit 31 is at a preset angle to the plane of the first-stage buffer structure 10, and its height increases from the first cavity 23 to the third cavity 25, which can capture the high-energy oil droplets that have passed the fourth cavity 28 and the buffer connecting pipe 32; the oil droplets are guided by the component of gravity to slide down rapidly on the inner wall of the buffer inclined conduit 31, and flow directly into the fourth cavity 28 of the second-stage buffer structure 20 through the buffer connecting pipe 32, achieving the effect of high-level interception and low-level reflux, avoiding the oil from being stagnant at the top and being carried away by the airflow again; this external inclined channel does not occupy the main cavity volume, but provides an additional gravity acceleration reflux path, so that the oil returns to the low-speed zone in a very short time, completely cutting off the leakage path of the vent pipe 50 under continuous acceleration, while keeping the breathing area of ​​the entire cavity unchanged, and having zero impact on the original pressure balance function of the oil tank.

[0060] In some embodiments, an elastic diaphragm is provided between the first-stage buffer structure 10 or between the first-stage buffer structure 10 and the second-stage buffer structure 20, and the elastic diaphragm is used to suppress oil surface fluctuations.

[0061] In this embodiment, the natural frequency f0 of the elastic diaphragm is tuned to 0.8-1.2 times the fundamental frequency f1 of the longitudinal impulse excitation of the train, so as to actively suppress the oil surface fluctuation by utilizing the diaphragm resonance energy absorption principle, and further reduce the height of the oil surface surge.

[0062] It should be noted that the periodic pulsating pressure applied to the diaphragm by the liquid surface induces velocity resonance. The diaphragm efficiently captures the pulsating energy through significant bending deformation. The diaphragm can employ a polymer-metal laminate structure, with a loss factor an order of magnitude higher than that of ordinary steel plates. During resonance, the bending strain energy is rapidly converted into material internal friction and micro-heat, continuously extracting the kinetic energy of the oil sloshing and reducing the height of the liquid surface rise. The entire energy absorption process requires no external energy or control signal; it achieves active suppression solely through the structure's own frequency matching and high damping characteristics. This active suppression does not refer to closed-loop control requiring external energy input, but rather utilizes the passive resonance characteristics of the elastic diaphragm itself to convert the mechanical energy of the oil sloshing into the diaphragm's high-damping internal friction, thereby significantly reducing the amplitude of the liquid surface sloshing.

[0063] It is important to note that the elastic diaphragm is a thin-walled flexible element suspended above the airflow channel, rather than a rigid baffle blocking the oil passage. The elastic diaphragm can be fixed by elastic support around its perimeter to the cavity wall, with a reserved flow channel for the oil. The central area of ​​the elastic diaphragm can vibrate up and down but always maintains a ventilation gap. The diaphragm only responds to the low-frequency pulsating pressure generated by the surging waves on the liquid surface and has almost no obstruction to steady-state or high-frequency airflow. Therefore, it can absorb the sloshing energy while maintaining sufficient gas flow area, without blocking the normal breathing and return of the oil.

[0064] The oil tank provided in this application includes an oil storage tank body 40 and a vent pipe 50, and also includes an oil leakage prevention mechanism disposed between the oil storage tank body 40 and the vent pipe 50 as described in the above specific embodiments.

[0065] The rail vehicle provided in this application includes the fuel tank described in the above specific embodiments.

[0066] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0067] The oil leak prevention mechanism, oil tank, and rail vehicle provided in this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the solution and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this application without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An oil leakage prevention mechanism, used to be installed between the oil storage tank body (40) and the vent pipe (50) of an oil tank, characterized in that, include: The first-stage buffer structure (10) is provided on the oil storage tank (40). The first-stage buffer structure (10) is provided with a through hole that connects to the oil storage tank (40). The first-stage buffer structure (10) is used to limit the rise height of the oil surface in the oil storage tank (40). The second-level buffer structure (20) is disposed on the first-level buffer structure (10) and communicates with the first-level buffer structure (10). The second-level buffer structure (20) is provided with at least two sequentially connected buffer cavities so that the oil entering the second-level buffer structure (20) from the first-level buffer structure (10) flows through each of the buffer cavities in sequence and the flow rate is reduced in each cavity. The second-level buffer structure (20) is a rectangular box structure. The inner cavity of the second-level buffer structure (20) is provided with a first partition (21) and a second partition (22) arranged in parallel in a vertical posture to divide the inner cavity of the second-level buffer structure (20) into a first cavity (23), a second cavity (24) and a third cavity (25) connected in sequence. The first partition (21) is provided with a first through hole for the first cavity (23) and the second cavity (24) to communicate. The second partition (22) is provided with a second through hole for the second cavity (24) and the third cavity (25) to communicate. The first through hole and the second through hole are offset from each other in the height direction or lateral position of the partition plate; The volumes of the first cavity (23), the second cavity (24), and the third cavity (25) increase sequentially; The inner cavity of the second-stage buffer structure (20) is also provided with a first inclined baffle (26). The height of the first inclined baffle (26) increases from the first cavity (23) to the third cavity (25). The first ends of the first partition (21) and the second partition (22) are flush, and the other ends extend to the first inclined baffle (26). The inner cavity of the second-stage buffer structure (20) is also provided with a second inclined baffle (27). The height of the second inclined baffle (27) decreases from the first cavity (23) to the third cavity (25) to form a fourth cavity (28) inside the second-stage buffer structure (20). The first partition (21) is provided with a third through hole for communication between the second cavity (24) and the fourth cavity (28).

2. The oil leakage prevention mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a third-level buffer structure (30), which is connected to the second-level buffer structure (20). At least a portion of the third-level buffer structure (30) has a preset tilt angle with the plane where the first-level buffer structure (10) is located, so that the oil flows back to the second-level buffer structure (20).

3. The oil leakage prevention mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The third-level buffer structure (30) includes a buffer inclined conduit (31) and a buffer connecting pipe (32). The buffer inclined conduit (31) is connected to the second-level buffer structure (20) through the buffer connecting pipe (32) so that the oil flows back to the second-level buffer structure (20) through the buffer connecting pipe (32).

4. The oil leakage prevention mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first-stage buffer structure (10) is a flat boss structure, and the flat boss structure has a flat buffer cavity (11). And / or, an elastic diaphragm is provided between the first-stage buffer structure (10) or between the first-stage buffer structure (10) and the second-stage buffer structure (20), the elastic diaphragm being used to suppress oil surface fluctuations.

5. A fuel tank, comprising a fuel storage tank body (40) and a vent pipe (50), characterized in that, It also includes an oil leak prevention mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-4, located between the oil storage tank (40) and the vent pipe (50).

6. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the fuel tank as described in claim 5.

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