An electronic device-based test fixture and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a test fixture and method based on electronic equipment, including a control box, two workpiece stages fixed at the top left and right positions of the control box in a mirror-symmetrical structure, and a platform plate set directly above the two workpiece stages. Two inclined blocks are fixed to the top edge of each workpiece stage on its far side. A servo pressing assembly for driving the platform plate to move vertically is installed at the top of the control box. This invention transforms the vertical movement of the platform plate into the horizontal movement of a horizontally adjustable impact block assembly through a wedge-block traction structure. The horizontally adjustable impact block assembly and inclined blocks limit the PCBA board in the horizontal direction until the PCBA board completes electrical measurement and functional verification. This allows the same fixture base to adapt to the testing requirements of PCBA boards of different specifications, thereby improving the flexibility of the test fixture while maintaining testing accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of PCB test fixture technology, specifically to a test fixture and method based on electronic devices. Background Technology

[0002] PCB testing fixtures are widely used in the electronics manufacturing industry for ICT (In-Circuit Testing) and FCT (Functional Testing) fixtures. Their core function is to achieve efficient and accurate verification of the electrical performance, soldering quality, and basic functions of PCBs. Specifically, the fixture uses its precise probe system to contact pre-set test points on the PCB, forming a test loop. High-precision positioning and clamping mechanisms ensure that each circuit board is quickly and accurately fixed and aligned. It can also integrate necessary signal conditioning or analog modules to create specific conditions for testing. Structurally, a fixture mainly consists of a support frame (base...) The fixture consists of a board and frame, a spring probe system for testing, a positioning clamping mechanism to ensure repeatability, and an interface cable system for signal transmission. Some complex fixtures may also have a built-in power supply or adapter module. In actual production testing, the operator precisely clamps the PCB onto the fixture positioning system. After the test is started, the fixture automatically presses together to make the probes make stable contact with the test points. The test program runs automatically and completes a series of electrical measurements and functional verifications. The operator then classifies and transfers or sends the board under test for repair based on the "pass / fail" results and specific fault location information displayed on the screen.

[0003] For example, the PCBA testing fixture based on SKD (Skimmed Component Delivery) disclosed in patent announcement number CN219105095U includes: a frame, a worktable mounted on the frame, a vertical cylinder, a horizontal cylinder, an upper needle bed, and a lower needle bed. The worktable is horizontally positioned on the frame, the vertical cylinder is vertically positioned above the worktable, the upper needle bed is connected to the vertical cylinder, and the lower needle bed is positioned on the worktable for placing the PCBA board to be tested. The horizontal cylinder faces the PCBA board, and its output end is equipped with a P-type connector. This automatic control of the cylinder's operating sequence prevents damage to the fixture caused by improper operation, as is common in traditional manual fixtures. It can be seen that the above technology... When using tooling to limit the position of the PCBA board to be tested, the solution requires creating grooves on the lower needle bed or workpiece carrier table for the PCBA board to be limited in the left and right, front and back, and to be placed in. Once the length, width, and height specifications of the PCBA board change, the existing tooling design, which is optimized for PCBA boards of specific sizes and specifications, cannot adapt to the new specifications when the size of the PCBA board changes. At this time, the staff needs to change and redesign the tooling and connecting rod pressure testing structure on the entire workpiece carrier table. The cycle from design, processing to assembly and debugging can be as long as several weeks, which cannot meet the needs of product design changes, model iterations, or multi-variety small-batch production scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a testing fixture and method based on electronic equipment. The PCBA board to be tested is placed on the workpiece stage, and one long side of the PCBA board contacts two inclined blocks. Then, the Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly and the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly are adjusted according to the height and width of the PCBA board until the upper probe bed and the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly are exactly matched with the specifications of the PCBA board when they reach the end point of subsequent movements. During testing, the servo pressing assembly is started through the control box. The servo pressing assembly drives the stage, the Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly, and the upper probe bed to move downward until the probe contacts the test point of the PCBA board. During this process, the vertical movement of the stage is converted into the horizontal movement of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly through the wedge block traction structure. In this way, the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly and the inclined blocks limit the PCBA board in the horizontal direction until the PCBA board completes electrical measurement and functional verification, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a test fixture based on electronic equipment, comprising a control box, two workpiece stages fixed at the top left and right positions of the control box in a mirror-symmetrical structure, and a platform set directly above the two workpiece stages. Two inclined blocks are fixed to the top edge of the two workpiece stages on the side that is far apart from each other. A servo pressing assembly for driving the platform to move up and down in the vertical direction is installed at the top of the control box. Upper probe beds are set on both sides below the platform. A Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly for adjusting the height position of the upper probe beds is installed at the bottom of the platform.

[0006] A partition is fixed to the top of the control box between the two workpiece stages, and wedge-shaped moving structures are provided on both the left and right outer walls of the partition. Two horizontally adjustable impact block assemblies are installed at the drive end of the wedge-shaped moving structures. When the stage is driven downwards by the servo pressing assembly, the wedge-shaped moving structures convert the vertical downward movement of the stage into the horizontal movement of the horizontally adjustable impact block assemblies, causing the horizontally adjustable impact block assemblies to move closer to the inclined block until the PCBA board is clamped by the inclined block and the horizontally adjustable impact block assemblies. The output end of the control box is electrically connected to the input ends of the servo pressing assembly and the Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the servo pressing assembly includes guide posts fixed at the top corner of the control box, a top plate fixed at the upper ends of the four guide posts, and a servo electric cylinder installed at the center of the top of the top plate. The lower end of the piston rod of the servo electric cylinder is fixed to the top of the platform, the input end of the servo electric cylinder is electrically connected to the output end of the control box, and hollow sleeves for sliding cooperation with the guide posts are fixed at the bottom corners of the platform.

[0008] Preferably, the Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly includes a U-shaped frame fixed at the left and right positions inside the platform, a double-rod cylinder installed on the top of one of the U-shaped frames, and a connecting plate slidably installed inside the U-shaped frame in the vertical direction. The bottom ends of the two connecting plates are fixed with I-beams, and the upper probe bed is detachably installed on the bottom end of the I-beams. The bottom end of the piston rod of the double-rod cylinder is fixedly connected to the top end of one of the connecting plates.

[0009] Preferably, the partition has a rectangular notch inside for the I-beam to slide up and down in the vertical direction.

[0010] Preferably, the wedge-shaped moving structure includes two crossbeams slidably mounted on one side of the outer wall of the partition via a vertical track, and an inclined side platform slidably mounted on the top of the workpiece table in the front-to-back width direction. The side of the crossbeam away from the partition is provided with an inclined section, and the inclined section and the inclined side platform are slidably engaged. A horizontal plate is fixed between the two inclined side platforms, and a horizontally adjustable impact block assembly is mounted on one side of the outer wall of the horizontal plate. The top of the crossbeam and the bottom of the table are fixedly connected.

[0011] Preferably, a sliding sleeve is fixed on the inclined surface of the crossbeam, and a linear guide rail is fixed on the outer wall of the inclined side platform, with the linear guide rail and the sliding sleeve in sliding engagement.

[0012] Preferably, a U-shaped block is fixed between the opposite ends of the two crossbeams on the same side, a C-shaped seat is bolted to the top of the crossbeam, the upper end of the C-shaped seat is bolted to the bottom end of the platform, a tongue is fixed to the end of the crossbeam away from the U-shaped block, and a photoelectric switch for detecting the position of the tongue is installed on the outer wall of one side of the partition.

[0013] Preferably, the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly includes a support plate fixed to one outer wall of the horizontal plate, a concave base plate slidably mounted at the bottom end of the support plate toward the inclined block, and an inclined impact block elastically mounted on the outer wall of the concave base plate away from the partition. A pulley linear module for driving the concave base plate and the inclined impact block to slide linearly is installed at the bottom end of the support plate. A worm gear driver for outputting rotational power to the pulley linear module is installed at the top end of the support plate. The upper surface of the workpiece table is in contact with the lower surface of the concave base plate and the inclined impact block.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of T-shaped shafts are slidably installed inside the concave base. One end of each T-shaped shaft is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the inclined impact block. A helical spring is fitted on the outer circumference of the T-shaped shaft. A square stop block is also fixed to one end of the surface of the T-shaped shaft. One side of the outer wall of the square stop block abuts against one end of the helical spring.

[0015] This invention also provides a testing method for electronic devices, using the testing fixture described above, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S101: Adjust the height of the upper probe bed and the horizontal position of the adjustable horizontal block assembly according to the model of the PCBA board to be tested. Fine-tune the Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly through the control box. The adjustment goal is to ensure that when the pressing action of the upper probe bed reaches the end point, the probe has a compression stroke that exactly meets the design requirements. Then adjust the preset position of the adjustable horizontal block assembly. The initial width between the adjustable horizontal block assembly and the inclined block is set to be slightly larger than the actual width of the current PCBA board, so as to reserve space for the board to be placed between the adjustable horizontal block assembly and the inclined block and for subsequent automatic clamping.

[0017] S102: After debugging, the PCBA board is placed on the workpiece table, and one long side of the PCBA board rests stably against two mirror-fixed inclined blocks.

[0018] S103: The servo pressing assembly drives the platform and its integrated Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly and upper probe bed to move smoothly downwards. The wedge block traction structure converts the vertical downward movement of the platform into the horizontal outward movement of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly. Then, the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly moves synchronously and smoothly towards the PCBA board. When the probe tip of the upper probe bed contacts the test point on the PCB surface, the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly also contacts the side of the PCB and works in conjunction with the inclined block on the opposite side to firmly limit the PCB in the horizontal direction. The probe on the upper probe bed forms electrical contact with the test point under the preset pressure. The control box triggers the test machine to start executing the preset electrical measurement and functional verification program.

[0019] S104: After the test is completed, the servo pressing assembly drives the platform, Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly, and upper probe bed to rise and reset at a constant speed. During the rise, the wedge block traction structure releases the drive of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly. The horizontally adjustable impact block assembly automatically returns to the pre-adjusted position, releasing the clamping of the PCB. The operator takes out the PCBA board that has been tested and places it in the corresponding circulation area according to the test results.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The electronic device-based testing fixture and method are configured with a control box, workpiece stage, inclined blocks, servo pressing assembly, platform, Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly, upper probe bed, wedge block traction structure, and horizontally adjustable impact block assembly, etc., which cooperate with each other. One long side of the PCBA board contacts two inclined blocks. Then, the Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly and the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly are adjusted according to the height and width of the PCBA board until the upper probe bed and the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly are exactly matched with the PCBA board specifications when the subsequent action reaches the end point. During testing, the servo pressing is started through the control box. The assembly, servo pressing assembly, drives the stage, Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly, and upper probe bed to move downwards until the probe contacts the test point of the PCBA board. During this process, the vertical movement of the stage is converted into the horizontal movement of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly through the wedge block traction structure. In this way, the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly and inclined block limit the PCBA board in the horizontal direction until the PCBA board completes electrical measurement and functional verification. By introducing mechanical adjustment, the same set of fixture base can adapt to the testing requirements of PCBA boards of different specifications, thereby improving the flexibility and economy of the test fixture while maintaining test accuracy.

[0021] Traditional fixtures require a work stoppage and waiting for the design, fabrication, and debugging of a new fixture if any dimension (length, width, or height) of the PCBA board changes, a process that can take several weeks. This new solution, however, only requires adjusting the Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly to accommodate the board thickness and setting up a horizontally adjustable impact block assembly to accommodate the board width, allowing for rapid fixture reconfiguration. This reduces the time and cost of redesigning and replacing fixtures due to specification changes, enabling the test line to respond more quickly to product specification changes. Furthermore, the vertical downward pressing motion of the test bench is synchronously converted into a horizontally adjustable impact block through a wedge-driven traction structure. The lateral clamping of the PCBA board by the assembly, that is, the combination of the vertical and horizontal adjustable impact block assembly of the upper probe bed, automatically completes the final and most secure positioning of the PCB during the dynamic process when the test probe is about to make contact. It does not rely on the static accuracy of the PCB placement by the operator. This reduces uneven test pressure or poor contact caused by manual placement deviation. Furthermore, the mechanical forced centering compensates for the small positional tolerance of the PCBA board itself on the workpiece stage. Thus, while adapting to various board types, it can still ensure the consistency of electrical contact during each test.

[0022] Finally, the traditional method of replacing the entire fixture requires technicians to perform complex disassembly, installation and calibration. In this solution, the skill requirements for operators are relatively reduced during the changeover and debugging process, and the repeatability is stronger. Since the core frame and drive part are always kept fixed, the structural deformation, loose screws or wear of positioning references that may be caused by frequent disassembly and assembly of the fixture base are reduced, so that the fixture body can maintain stable accuracy for a long time. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the servo pressing assembly and Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly in their mating state according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly of the present invention in three dimensions;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the wedge block traction structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Control box; 2. Servo pressing assembly; 201. Guide post; 202. Top plate; 203. Hollow sleeve; 204. Servo electric cylinder; 3. Table; 4. Inclined stop block; 5. Upper probe bed; 6. Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly; 601. Recurved frame; 602. Double-rod cylinder; 603. Connecting plate; 604. I-beam; 7. Workpiece table; 8. Partition plate; 801. Rectangular notch; 802. Photoelectric switch; 9. Wedge block traction structure; 901 9011. Crossbeam; 902. Sloping section; 903. U-shaped block; 904. Sloping side platform; 905. Horizontal plate; 906. Linear guide rail; 907. Sliding sleeve; 908. C-shaped seat; 909. Tongue; 10. Horizontally adjustable impact block assembly; 1001. Support plate; 1002. Concave base platform; 1003. T-shaped shaft; 1004. Helical spring; 1005. Sloping impact block; 1006. Pulley linear module; 1007. Worm gear drive. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1, by Figures 1 to 7The present invention includes a control box 1, two workpiece stages 7 fixed at the top left and right positions of the control box 1 in a mirror symmetrical structure, and a platform 3 set directly above the two workpiece stages 7. Two inclined blocks 4 are fixed on the top edge of the two workpiece stages 7 on the side that is far apart. A servo pressing assembly 2 for driving the platform 3 to move up and down in the vertical direction is installed at the top of the control box 1. Upper probe beds 5 are set on both sides below the platform 3. A Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly 6 for adjusting the height position of the upper probe beds 5 is installed at the bottom of the platform 3.

[0039] A partition plate 8 is fixed at the top of the control box 1 between the two workpiece stages 7, and wedge block traction structures 9 are provided on the left and right outer walls of the partition plate 8. Two horizontally adjustable impact block assemblies 10 are installed at the drive end of the wedge block traction structure 9. When the stage 3 is driven to move downward by the servo pressing assembly 2, the wedge block traction structure 9 converts the vertical downward movement of the stage 3 into the horizontal movement of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10, so that the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10 moves closer to the inclined block 4 until the PCBA board is clamped by the inclined block 4 and the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10. The output end of the control box 1 is electrically connected to the input end of the servo pressing assembly 2 and the Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly 6.

[0040] In the prior art, in order to complete the electrical measurement and functional verification of the PCB, the control box 1 needs to integrate a programmable power supply and a power load module. The programmable DC power supply is responsible for providing the PCBA under test with a precise power supply of various voltage levels required for its normal operation, and can perform power-on, power-off or voltage biasing operations as needed in the test sequence. The electronic load module is used to simulate the actual load that the PCBA needs to drive in the real working state. The signal conditioning circuit is responsible for amplifying, attenuating, filtering or analog-to-digital conversion of the raw signal from the board under test, so that its format meets the input requirements of the test instrument. Finally, the optocoupler isolation relay and overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit ensure that even if there is a short circuit or high voltage abnormality on the board under test, each electrical part can be effectively protected.

[0041] The upper probe bed 5 integrates all the test probes, thus serving as the final physical interface for electrical test signals. When the PCB board under test is replaced in the future, the upper probe bed 5 also needs to be redesigned and replaced. The workpiece stage 7 provides a stable and horizontal reference mounting surface, while the two inclined blocks 4 on the same side of the workpiece stage 7 serve as the initial positioning reference, allowing the operator to quickly and roughly align the long side of the PCB. The inclined design also helps to guide the PCB into place and compensate for minor placement deviations.

[0042] Since there are workpiece stages 7, wedge block traction structures 9, and horizontally adjustable collision block assemblies 10 on both sides of the partition 8, the fixture can clamp at least two PCBA boards to be tested at one time. Compared with traditional fixtures, its workpiece clamping capacity is also improved.

[0043] This embodiment of a testing method for electronic devices, using the aforementioned testing fixture, includes the following steps:

[0044] S101: Adjust the height of the upper probe bed 5 and the horizontal position of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10 according to the model of the PCBA board to be tested. Fine-tune the Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly 6 through the control box 1. The adjustment goal is to ensure that when the pressing action of the upper probe bed 5 reaches the end point, the probe has a compression stroke that exactly meets the design requirements. Then adjust the preset position of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10. The initial width between the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10 and the inclined block 4 is set to be slightly larger than the actual width of the current PCBA board, so as to reserve space for the board to be placed between the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10 and the inclined block 4 and for subsequent automatic clamping.

[0045] S102: After debugging, the PCBA board is placed on the workpiece stage 7, and one long side of the PCBA board rests stably against the two mirror-fixed inclined blocks 4.

[0046] S103: The servo pressing assembly 2 drives the platform 3 and the integrated Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly 6 and upper probe bed 5 to move down smoothly as a whole. The wedge block traction structure 9 converts the vertical downward movement of the platform 3 into the horizontal outward movement of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10. Then, the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10 moves synchronously and smoothly towards the PCBA board. When the probe tip of the upper probe bed 5 contacts the test point on the PCB surface, the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10 also just contacts the side of the PCB and works in conjunction with the inclined block 4 on the opposite side to firmly limit the PCB in the horizontal direction. The probe on the upper probe bed 5 forms electrical contact with the test point under the preset pressure. The control box 1 triggers the test machine to start executing the preset electrical measurement and functional verification program.

[0047] S104: After the test is completed, the servo pressing assembly 2 drives the platform 3, Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly 6, and upper probe bed 5 to rise and reset at a constant speed. During the rising process, the wedge block traction structure 9 releases the drive of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10. The horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10 automatically returns to the adjusted pre-position, releasing the clamping of the PCB. The operator takes out the PCBA single board that has been tested and places it in the corresponding circulation area according to the test results.

[0048] Example 2, based on Example 1, is... Figure 8 and Figure 9The servo pressing assembly 2 includes guide posts 201 fixed at the top corner of the control box 1, a top plate 202 fixed on the upper end of the four guide posts 201, and a servo electric cylinder 204 installed at the center of the top of the top of the top plate 202. The lower end of the piston rod of the servo electric cylinder 204 is fixed to the top of the platform 3. The input end of the servo electric cylinder 204 is electrically connected to the output end of the control box 1. Hollow sleeves 203 for sliding cooperation with the guide posts 201 are fixed at the bottom corner of the platform 3. When the servo pressing assembly 2 is working, the servo electric cylinder 204 receives control commands from the control box 1. The piston rod of the servo electric cylinder 204 pushes the platform 3, hollow sleeves 203, Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly 6, and upper probe bed 5 to move up and down along the axis of the guide posts 201, thereby realizing height-controllable up and down movement. The servo control system of the servo electric cylinder 204 itself can provide precise pressure control according to the product testing needs, ensuring that the force applied by the probe when in contact is moderate and avoiding damage to the circuit board.

[0049] Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly 6 includes a U-shaped frame 601 fixed at the left and right positions inside the platform 3, a double-rod cylinder 602 installed on the top of one of the U-shaped frames 601, and a connecting plate 603 slidably installed inside the U-shaped frame 601 in the vertical direction. I-beams 604 are fixed to the bottom ends of the two connecting plates 603. The upper probe bed 5 is detachably installed at the bottom end of the I-beam 604. The bottom end of the piston rod of the double-rod cylinder 602 is fixed to the top end of one of the connecting plates 603. When adjusting the working height of the upper probe bed 5, the double-rod cylinder 602 can be controlled by the control box 1 to work. The double-rod cylinder 602 drives the connecting plate 603 and the I-beam 604 to adjust in the Z direction, thereby allowing the operator to finely adjust the overall initial height of the upper probe bed 5 according to the current PCB thickness. This ensures that when the pressing reaches the end point, all probes can obtain the designed optimal compression stroke, ensuring contact reliability while protecting the probes and test points.

[0050] Example 3, based on Example 2, by Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 The partition 8 has a rectangular notch 801 inside for the I-beam 604 to slide vertically. The wedge block traction structure 9 includes two crossbeams 901 that are slidably installed on one side of the outer wall of the partition 8 via a vertical track, and an inclined side platform 903 that is slidably installed on the top of the workpiece table 7 in the front-to-back width direction. The side of the crossbeam 901 away from the partition 8 has an inclined part 9011. The inclined part 9011 and the inclined side platform 903 are slidably engaged. A horizontal plate 904 is fixed between the two inclined side platforms 903. A horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10 is installed on one side of the outer wall of the horizontal plate 904. The top of the crossbeam 901 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the table 3.

[0051] A sliding sleeve 906 is fixed on the inclined part 9011 of the crossbeam 901, and a linear guide rail 905 is fixed on the outer wall of the inclined side platform 903. The linear guide rail 905 and the sliding sleeve 906 are in sliding engagement. When the servo pressing assembly 2 drives the platform 3 to move down, since the crossbeam 901 is fixed to the lower end of the platform 3 through the C-shaped seat 907, all the crossbeams 901 in the length direction of the partition 8 move down together. During the downward movement, since the sliding sleeve 906 and the linear guide rail 905 are in sliding engagement, the inclined side platform 903, the cross plate 904 and the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10 are transformed into horizontal outward movement without delay through the mechanical principle of the inclined plane. Thus, the mechanical linkage is used to ensure the synchronization of positioning accuracy and pressing action.

[0052] A U-shaped block 902 is fixed between the opposite ends of two crossbeams 901 on the same side. A C-shaped seat 907 is bolted to the top of the crossbeam 901. The upper end of the C-shaped seat 907 is bolted to the bottom end of the platform 3. A tongue 908 is fixed to the end of the crossbeam 901 away from the U-shaped block 902. A photoelectric switch 802 for detecting the position of the tongue 908 is installed on the outer wall of one side of the partition 8. During the lifting and lowering of the crossbeam 901 and the sliding sleeve 906, the rectangular notch 801 provides space for the I-beam 604 to move downward. The photoelectric switch 802 and the tongue 908 work together to indicate the position status of the crossbeam 901, so as to reflect to the control box 1 whether the PCB board is clamped at the current moment.

[0053] The horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10 includes a support plate 1001 fixed on one side of the outer wall of the horizontal plate 904, a concave base 1002 slidably mounted at the bottom end of the support plate 1001 toward the inclined block 4, and an inclined impact block 1005 elastically mounted on the outer wall of the concave base 1002 away from the partition plate 8. A pulley linear module 1006 for driving the concave base 1002 and the inclined impact block 1005 to slide linearly is installed at the bottom end of the support plate 1001. A worm gear driver 1007 for outputting rotational power to the pulley linear module 1006 is installed at the top end of the support plate 1001. The upper surface of the workpiece table 7 is in contact with the lower surface of the concave base 1002 and the inclined impact block 1005.

[0054] When adjusting the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10 according to the width of the PCBA board, the operator manually operates the worm gear driver 1007. The worm gear driver 1007 drives the pulley linear module 1006 to work. The pulley linear module 1006 then drives the concave base 1002 and the inclined impact block 1005 to move closer to or further away from the inclined stop block 4, thereby adjusting the distance between the inclined impact block 1005 and the inclined stop block 4, thus preparing the clamping boundary for PCBA boards of different sizes.

[0055] Several T-shaped shafts 1003 are slidably installed inside the concave base 1002. One end of the T-shaped shaft 1003 is fixed to one side of the outer wall of the inclined block 1005. A helical spring 1004 is fitted on the outer circumference of the T-shaped shaft 1003. A square stop is also fixed to one end of the surface of the T-shaped shaft 1003. One side of the outer wall of the square stop abuts against one end of the helical spring 1004. When the servo pressing assembly 2 performs a downward movement, the wedge block pulling structure 9 will force the inclined block 1005 to approach the PCBA board until the PCBA board is limited and clamped by the inclined block 1005 and the inclined stop 4. During this process, the inclined block 1005 can drive the T-shaped shaft 1003 to move backward, so that the helical spring 1004 is compressed, realizing flexible clamping in the width direction and reducing board damage caused by rigid clamping.

[0056] In this embodiment, the first step is to confirm that the control box 1, servo pressing assembly 2, and Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly 6 are in a ready state, either powered on or connected to the corresponding air source. The workpiece stage 7 is then cleaned, and the probe arrays of the upper probe bed 5 and the inclined blocks 4 fixed on the workpiece stage 7 are visually inspected to ensure that the probe tips are not abnormal or free of debris. Then, the height of the upper probe bed 5 and the horizontal position of the adjustable horizontal stop assembly 10 are adjusted according to the model of the PCBA board to be tested. When adapting the board thickness, the Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly 6 is fine-tuned via the control box 1. The adjustment aims to ensure that when the pressing action of the upper probe bed 5 reaches its endpoint, the probe has a pressure that precisely meets the design requirements. The stroke is shortened to ensure reliable contact without damaging the pin tips or circuit board due to excessive compression. Next, board width adaptation is performed. The operator adjusts the preset position of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10, setting the initial width slightly larger than the actual width of the current PCBA board to allow space between the board and the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10, the inclined stop block 4, and subsequent automatic clamping. After debugging, the operator places a PCBA board on the workpiece stage 7. At this point, one long side of the PCBA board rests stably against the two mirror-fixed inclined stop blocks 4 for initial coarse positioning. The test cycle is then started on the control box 1, and the servo pressing assembly 2 drives the stage 3. The Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly 6 and the upper probe bed 5, integrated on the upper probe bed, move smoothly downwards as a whole. During the downward movement, the wedge block traction structure 9 converts the vertical downward movement of the platform 3 into the horizontal outward movement of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10. Then, the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10 moves synchronously and smoothly toward the PCBA board. At the instant the probe tip of the upper probe bed 5 contacts the test point on the PCB surface, the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10 also contacts the side of the PCB and works in conjunction with the opposite inclined stop block 4 to firmly limit the PCB in the horizontal direction. The probe on the upper probe bed 5 forms electrical contact with the test point under the preset pressure, and the control box 1 triggers the test machine to start executing the pre-adjustment. The electrical measurement and functional verification program is set up; the test program runs automatically, and the operator monitors the status of the external display interface. After the test is completed, the servo pressing assembly 2 drives the platform 3, Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly 6, and upper probe bed 5 to rise and reset at a constant speed. During the rising process, the wedge block traction structure 9 releases the drive of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10. The horizontally adjustable impact block assembly 10 automatically returns to the adjusted ready position, releasing the clamping of the PCB. The operator takes out the PCBA single board that has been tested and places it in the corresponding circulation area according to the test results. The entire fixture state automatically returns to the standby state where the next PCB of the same model can be placed, thus starting the next test cycle.

[0057] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0058] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A test fixture based on electronic equipment, comprising a control box, two workpiece stages fixed at the top left and right positions of the control box in a mirror-symmetrical structure, and a platform disposed directly above the two workpiece stages, wherein two inclined blocks are fixed to the top edge of each of the two workpiece stages on the side furthest from each other, characterized in that: The top of the control box is equipped with a servo pressing assembly for driving the platform to move up and down in the vertical direction. Upper probe beds are provided on both sides below the platform, and a Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly for adjusting the height of the upper probe beds is installed at the bottom of the platform. A partition is fixed at the top of the control box between the two workpiece stages, and wedge-block traction structures are provided on the left and right outer walls of the partition. Two horizontally adjustable impact block assemblies are installed at the drive end of the wedge-block traction structure. When the stage is driven to move downward by the servo pressing assembly, the wedge-block traction structure converts the vertical downward movement of the stage into the horizontal movement of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly, so that the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly moves closer to the inclined block until the PCBA board is clamped by the inclined block and the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly. The output end of the control box is electrically connected to the input end of the servo pressing assembly and the Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly. The wedge-shaped moving structure includes two crossbeams that are slidably mounted on the outer wall of one side of the partition via a vertical track, and an inclined side platform that is slidably mounted on the top of the workpiece table in the front-to-back width direction. The side of the crossbeam away from the partition is provided with an inclined part. The inclined part and the inclined outer wall of the inclined side platform are slidably engaged. A horizontal plate is fixed between the two inclined side platforms. A horizontally adjustable impact block assembly is mounted on the outer wall of one side of the horizontal plate. The top of the crossbeam and the bottom of the table are fixedly connected. A U-shaped block is fixed between the opposite ends of the two crossbeams on the same side. A C-shaped seat is bolted to the top of the crossbeam. The upper end of the C-shaped seat is bolted to the bottom end of the platform. A tongue is fixed to the end of the crossbeam away from the U-shaped block. A photoelectric switch for detecting the position of the tongue is installed on the outer wall of one side of the partition. The horizontally adjustable impact block assembly includes a support plate fixed to one outer wall of the horizontal plate, a concave base plate slidably mounted at the bottom end of the support plate toward the inclined block, and an inclined impact block elastically mounted on the outer wall of the concave base plate away from the partition. A pulley linear module for driving the concave base plate and the inclined impact block to slide linearly is installed at the bottom end of the support plate. A worm gear driver for outputting rotational power to the pulley linear module is installed at the top end of the support plate. The upper surface of the workpiece table is in contact with the lower surface of the concave base plate and the inclined impact block. Several T-shaped shafts are slidably installed inside the concave base. One end of each T-shaped shaft is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the inclined impact block. A helical spring is fitted on the outer circumference of the T-shaped shaft. A square stop block is also fixed to one end of the surface of the T-shaped shaft. The outer wall of one side of the square stop block abuts against one end of the helical spring.

2. The test fixture based on electronic equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The servo pressing assembly includes guide posts fixed at the top corner of the control box, a top plate fixed at the top of the four guide posts, and a servo electric cylinder installed at the center of the top of the top plate. The lower end of the piston rod of the servo electric cylinder is fixed to the top of the platform, and the input end of the servo electric cylinder is electrically connected to the output end of the control box. Hollow sleeves for sliding cooperation with the guide posts are fixed at the bottom corner of the platform.

3. The test fixture based on electronic equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly includes a U-shaped frame fixed at the left and right positions inside the platform, a double-rod cylinder installed on the top of one of the U-shaped frames, and a connecting plate slidably installed inside the U-shaped frame in the vertical direction. The bottom ends of the two connecting plates are fixed with I-beams, and the upper probe bed is detachably installed on the bottom end of the I-beams. The bottom end of the piston rod of the double-rod cylinder is fixedly connected to the top end of one of the connecting plates.

4. The test fixture based on electronic equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The partition plate has a rectangular notch inside for the I-beam to slide up and down in the vertical direction.

5. The test fixture based on electronic equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding sleeve is fixed on the inclined part of the crossbeam, and a linear guide rail is fixed on the outer wall of the inclined side platform. The linear guide rail and the sliding sleeve are in sliding engagement.

6. A testing method based on electronic devices, using the testing fixture as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S101: Adjust the height of the upper probe bed and the horizontal position of the adjustable horizontal block assembly according to the model of the PCBA board to be tested. Fine-tune the Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly through the control box. The adjustment goal is to ensure that when the pressing action of the upper probe bed reaches the end point, the probe has a compression stroke that exactly meets the design requirements. Then adjust the preset position of the adjustable horizontal block assembly. The initial width between the adjustable horizontal block assembly and the inclined block is set to be slightly larger than the actual width of the current PCBA board, so as to reserve space for the board to be placed between the adjustable horizontal block assembly and the inclined block and for subsequent automatic clamping. S102: After debugging, the PCBA board is placed on the workpiece table, and one long side of the PCBA board rests stably against two mirror-fixed inclined blocks. S103: The servo pressing assembly drives the platform and its integrated Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly and upper probe bed to move smoothly downwards. The wedge block traction structure converts the vertical downward movement of the platform into the horizontal outward movement of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly. Then, the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly moves synchronously and smoothly towards the PCBA board. When the probe tip of the upper probe bed contacts the test point on the PCB surface, the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly also contacts the side of the PCB and works in conjunction with the inclined block on the opposite side to firmly limit the PCB in the horizontal direction. The probe on the upper probe bed forms electrical contact with the test point under the preset pressure. The control box triggers the test machine to start executing the preset electrical measurement and functional verification program. S104: After the test is completed, the servo pressing assembly drives the platform, Z-axis pre-adjustment assembly, and upper probe bed to rise and reset at a constant speed. During the rise, the wedge block traction structure releases the drive of the horizontally adjustable impact block assembly. The horizontally adjustable impact block assembly automatically returns to the pre-adjusted position, releasing the clamping of the PCB. The operator takes out the PCBA board that has been tested and places it in the corresponding circulation area according to the test results.

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