Asynchronous energy dissipation expansion and contraction device and design method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of highway bridge expansion joint, and discloses an asynchronous energy dissipation expansion joint and a design method, which comprises obtaining basic parameters of a target road applicable vehicle, wherein the parameters at least include wheel track, wheel width and wheel diameter; the parameters are statistically analyzed to determine the main distribution interval of the vehicle wheel track; according to the distribution interval, the pitch and amplitude of the wave geometric structure of the expansion joint are set to make the left and right wheels of the vehicle produce time staggered impact when passing through the expansion joint. The present application can solve the problems of sudden increase of local stress and relatively large vibration and noise.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of highway bridge expansion joint technology, specifically to an asynchronous energy dissipation expansion joint device and its design method. Background Technology

[0002] By 2024, my country had over one million bridges, and its bridge design, construction, and operation and maintenance technologies were quite mature. However, during normal operation, an increasing number of bridge components gradually revealed durability issues, causing various bridge defects to appear before some bridges reached their designed service life. For example, bridge deck expansion joints were damaged due to long-term vehicle loads or excessive longitudinal displacement of the beams. The operational wear and tear of these important bridge components directly affected their subsequent normal use.

[0003] Common telescopic devices include:

[0004] 1. Modular expansion joints, common defects: steel section fracture, anchor bar detachment from steel section, concrete anchorage zone damage, fracture of middle beam, cross beam, etc., void at the bottom of displacement box, and water leakage due to damage to waterproof rubber strip;

[0005] 2. Common problems with comb-plate type expansion joints: loose or missing bolts, comb plates falling off, foreign objects stuck inside the plates causing the plates to lift up, and water leakage at the expansion joints.

[0006] One of the main causes of the disease is long-term exposure to vehicle loads, especially large and heavy-duty vehicles.

[0007] The top surface of conventional telescopic devices is mostly a continuous, flat structure, while the tires of a vehicle are symmetrically distributed in pairs when the vehicle is traveling. When a vehicle passes through a telescopic device, the left and right wheels on the same axle will simultaneously contact the top surface of the telescopic device, causing the load to be concentrated on the stress area of ​​the telescopic device (such as the steel beam tooth tip and the concrete in the anchorage area) at the same moment, forming a momentary concentrated impact of the load.

[0008] This concentrated load will cause two problems:

[0009] 1. Sudden increase in local stress: Stress concentration is likely to occur in the steel structure (such as steel beams) and the concrete in the anchorage area of ​​the expansion joint, which can easily lead to steel beam fracture and concrete damage after long-term use.

[0010] 2. At the same time, the vibration and noise phenomena are relatively large. Summary of the Invention

[0011] Based on the above description, the present invention provides an asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device and its design method to solve the problems of sudden increase in local stress and relatively large vibration and noise phenomena.

[0012] In a first aspect, the technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a design method for an asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0013] Obtain the basic parameters of vehicles suitable for the target road, including at least the wheel track width, wheel width, and wheel diameter;

[0014] Statistical analysis of the parameters was performed to determine the main distribution range of vehicle wheelbase.

[0015] Based on the distribution range, the pitch and amplitude of the waveform geometry of the telescopic device are set so that the left and right wheels of the vehicle generate staggered impacts when passing through the telescopic device.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, this invention obtains key parameters of vehicles applicable to the target road, including wheel track, wheel width, and wheel diameter, and then performs statistical analysis to construct a design parameter system for the expansion joint. This allows for the reasonable setting of the geometric shape of the expansion joint for actual traffic conditions. By causing the left and right wheels to generate staggered impacts when crossing the expansion joint, the instantaneous impact force of the vehicle's dynamic load on the bridge structure is effectively dispersed, reducing the impact concentration effect and improving the fatigue life of the structure and driving comfort. This invention is particularly suitable for high-speed bridge application scenarios with high traffic volume and complex vehicle types.

[0017] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0018] Furthermore, the statistical sample of wheel track covers at least three types of vehicles: passenger cars, light trucks, and heavy trucks, and the distribution interval is determined using a 95% confidence interval in statistics.

[0019] The above technical solution uses three representative vehicle types, including cars, light trucks, and heavy trucks, as samples to ensure that the vehicle track width parameters are representative and universal. By introducing the 95% confidence interval in statistics, it is ensured that the selected waveform pitch can cover the track width range of most actual vehicles, thereby enhancing the versatility and adaptability of the device, avoiding structural design failure due to deviation from mainstream parameters, and improving the reliability and standardization of engineering applications.

[0020] Furthermore, the parameters include at least the wheel track. Wheel width and wheel diameter or grounding length and design speed Statistical analysis of the parameters is performed to determine the main distribution range of vehicle wheelbase.

[0021] Determine the waveform geometry of the expansion joint so that the horizontal projection of the boundaries of the two opposing steel plates is a sine curve, satisfying the following conditions. ;

[0022] in, For wavelength, For amplitude, The relationship with the vehicle's track width is as follows: ;in It is a non-negative integer;

[0023] Set the minimum structural gap between the two steel plates And define the overlap between the two steel plates: ;

[0024] based on , , and Calculate the time staggered amount of the left and right wheels passing through the telescopic device: ;

[0025] And choose accordingly , and The combination of these elements causes the left and right wheels of the vehicle to experience staggered impacts when passing through the telescopic device.

[0026] Through the above technical solution, this invention introduces a precise geometric design formula, establishing a mathematical mapping relationship between the waveform pitch λ and the vehicle wheelbase L: L = (n+0.5)λ. The steel plate boundary of the expansion joint is designed as a sinusoidal waveform y(x) = A·sin(2πx / λ), achieving a controllable waveform structure. Furthermore, the relationship between amplitude A, minimum gap δ, and overlap O is defined, and the "time shift" Δt of the left and right wheels of the vehicle is calculated using mathematical formulas, enabling quantitative parameter adjustment capabilities in the structural design. This method not only enhances the structure's decoupling ability from traffic impacts but also improves the accuracy and scientific rigor of the design, providing a foundation for energy dissipation optimization under different traffic conditions.

[0027] Furthermore, the parameter selection satisfies at least one of the following constraints:

[0028] Time-staggered volume Limited to The target range;

[0029] Under heavy-duty truck-dominated operating conditions, amplitude Select And satisfy ;

[0030] The expansion gap is set according to the temperature expansion and contraction requirements to meet the needs. ,in For design temperature difference, The coefficient of linear expansion of steel, This is the effective length of the bridge deck.

[0031] The above technical solution establishes multiple constraints to ensure the performance boundaries of the telescopic device, such as... Controlled Range, ensuring a balance between driving safety and structural response for peak-shifting effects; amplitude control under heavy vehicle operating conditions. Between 35mm and 45mm, and meeting the requirements The elastic deformation conditions enhance the ability to absorb heavy-load impacts; at the same time, the expansion gap is adjusted. In conjunction with the expansion requirements due to temperature changes in bridges, the coefficient of linear expansion of the material is introduced. With the effective length of the bridge deck The coupling design enhances the device's adaptability to seasonal structural deformation, achieving dual functionality compatibility of "dynamic impact + temperature expansion and contraction".

[0032] Furthermore, when the applicable vehicle's wheelbase... When the depth is 1.50–1.65m, select Make the waveform pitch (wavelength) satisfy ,thereby ;amplitude Expansion gap and satisfy .

[0033] Using the above technical solution, when the vehicle wheelbase is concentrated in the range of 1.50–1.65m, the following method is adopted. Set the waveform pitch λ to 1.00–1.10 m, and match it with an amplitude of 20–28 mm. With a telescoping gap of 18–32 mm This design allows the structure to meet peak energy dissipation requirements while maintaining the compactness and material economy of the corrugated structure. This combination is suitable for urban bridges and expressways primarily used by cars and light trucks, balancing structural simplicity with traffic stability, and improving the operational comfort and structural lifespan of economical bridges.

[0034] Furthermore, when the applicable vehicle's wheelbase... When the depth is 1.70–1.85m, select Make the waveform pitch (wavelength) satisfy ,thereby ;amplitude Expansion gap and satisfy .

[0035] Using the above technical solution, when the vehicle's wheelbase is mainly between 1.70 and 1.85 meters, the following method is selected: ,amplitude ,gap The combination of these features effectively adapts to bridge environments where light and medium-sized trucks and some heavy vehicles share the road. This design maintains off-peak traffic conditions. While maintaining the target range, it enhances the absorption capacity for larger impact energy, making it suitable for the design of expansion joints on municipal trunk roads and provincial highways, improving fatigue control and driving stability under medium traffic loads.

[0036] Furthermore, when the applicable vehicle's wheelbase... When the depth is 1.80–2.20m, select Make the waveform pitch (wavelength) satisfy ,thereby ;amplitude Expansion gap and satisfy .

[0037] The above technical solution is suitable for traffic environments dominated by heavy trucks with wheelbases between 1.80 and 2.20 meters. ,amplitude Expansion gap The combined design can ensure the target of peak shifting. This design also provides greater elastic displacement space for the waveform, effectively mitigating the enormous impact force generated when heavy vehicles pass by and reducing fatigue damage to the bridge deck structure. This solution is particularly suitable for high-load, high-traffic scenarios such as highways and cross-river bridges, significantly improving the durability and safety of bridge expansion joints.

[0038] Secondly, the technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: An asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device, characterized in that it includes a telescopic joint plate with a waveform based on the above-mentioned method, wherein the telescopic joint plate is provided with two sets of complementary shapes.

[0039] The side wall of the expansion joint vertical plate is fixedly connected with several anchor plates and horizontally arranged horizontal plates. The anchor plates have through holes for pre-embedded steel bars to pass through, and the space between the two expansion joint vertical plates is filled with an elastic waterstop.

[0040] Through the above technical solutions, the two sets of expansion joint vertical plates can form a relatively staggered interlocking under vehicle load, thereby producing shock absorption and staggered traffic effects. The expansion joint vertical plates can be reliably connected to the bridge deck concrete structure by setting lateral anchor plates and horizontal cross plates, improving the overall structural stability and pull-out resistance. The through-hole design facilitates positioning and connection with pre-embedded steel bars, improving construction and installation efficiency and mechanical force transmission continuity. At the same time, the elastic waterstop filling the gaps between the expansion joint vertical plates can effectively seal the gaps, enhance the waterproofing ability of the bridge expansion device during deformation, and ensure the safety of the bridge deck structure in long-term service.

[0041] Thirdly, the technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: An asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device, characterized in that it includes a telescopic slit tooth block with a waveform based on the above-mentioned method, wherein the telescopic slit tooth block is provided with two sets of complementary shapes.

[0042] The expansion joint tooth block is provided with multiple uniformly vertically arranged through slots, and two adjacent through slots form a connecting tooth;

[0043] The sidewall of the expansion joint tooth block is fixedly connected with several anchor plates, and the anchor plates have through holes for pre-embedded steel bars to pass through. An elastic waterstop is filled between two expansion joint teeth blocks.

[0044] Compared to traditional planar or sliding joint plates, the above technical solution achieves stronger peak-shaving and shock-absorbing capabilities and lateral displacement adaptability, more effectively dispersing the dynamic impact of vehicles. The expansion joint teeth are also equipped with anchor plates and through-holes to ensure structural anchoring and force transmission integrity. This structure retains the asynchronous peak-shaving function while also considering the constructability and water-proofing performance of the waveform device, making it more applicable and durable in actual bridge engineering.

[0045] Furthermore, a horizontally arranged transverse plate is fixed to the side wall of the expansion joint tooth block, and the anchor plate is fixedly connected to the transverse plate.

[0046] By employing the aforementioned technical solutions and connecting the horizontal plate and anchor plate to form an "L-shaped" or "T-shaped" composite anchoring structure, the embedding effect and shear strength of the expansion joint in concrete are significantly improved. This structure enhances the stability and anti-detachment capability of the toothed blocks under vehicle impact and temperature-induced deformation, while facilitating prefabrication and on-site positioning and installation, thus improving construction efficiency and quality control. This design, while ensuring structural reliability, further strengthens the multi-directional deformation coordination capability of the device, making it suitable for high-intensity operating environments such as highways and heavy-load bridges.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0048] 1. This invention provides a design method for an asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device based on vehicle wheelbase statistical analysis. The core of this method lies in setting the waveform pitch λ and amplitude. This causes a time shift when the vehicle's left and right wheels pass through the device. This breaks the traditional symmetrical impact resistance pattern of expansion joint structures. Vehicle wheelbase. The pitch λ satisfies In conjunction with the filling structure of the elastic waterstop, it can induce buffering and energy absorption behavior under vehicle loads. Through this design, the dynamic load of the vehicle is no longer concentrated on a single section instantaneously, but is gradually released in a time-staggered manner, which significantly reduces the local fatigue accumulation rate of the bridge, improves the service life and impact resistance stability of the overall structure, and is especially suitable for high-frequency, high-speed and heavy-load highway bridge environments.

[0049] 2. This invention collects data on the wheelbase, wheel width, and wheel diameter of typical vehicle types such as cars, light trucks, and heavy trucks, and combines this data with the design speed. Statistical analysis was conducted to establish a basis for setting the wheel spacing distribution with a 95% confidence interval, thus enabling the design of the waveform pitch. gap with structure It possesses high adaptability. Matching parameters are set for different wheelbase ranges, such as 1.50–1.65m, 1.70–1.85m, and 1.80–2.20m. , and This allows for the creation of standardized, mass-producible design templates, facilitating project selection. Simultaneously, staggered peak loads are implemented. By incorporating temperature expansion and contraction constraints, the device is ensured to maintain stable performance under both dynamic and thermodynamic coupling. This method balances quantitative controllability with broad applicability, providing a reusable modular energy dissipation unit system for bridge design.

[0050] 3. This invention not only optimizes waveform parameters geometrically but also proposes an asynchronous energy dissipation expansion joint form that can be industrially manufactured and efficiently installed. Specifically, it includes corrugated vertical plates and toothed blocks with complementary shapes, each equipped with sidewall anchor plates, horizontal plates, and through holes for pre-embedded reinforcing bars, forming a complete anchoring-force transmission-stabilization system. The combination of the horizontal plates and anchor plates enhances the overall structural integrity and shear bearing capacity. The through grooves and connecting teeth in the toothed blocks provide deformation buffering under stress, while the elastic waterstop between the two components improves the overall waterproofing capability. This design ensures superior performance in load-bearing capacity, fatigue resistance, and waterproofing, while also providing good on-site construction adaptability and long-term operational reliability, making it suitable for widespread application in standard prefabrication and standardized construction systems. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a telescopic device in the prior art;

[0052] Figure 2 Here is a table of basic parameters for some vehicles;

[0053] Figure 3 A table showing the basic parameters of a small truck;

[0054] Figure 4 A table of basic parameters for heavy-duty trucks;

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device design method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device design method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structural relationship between wheel track and waveform geometry in this invention;

[0058] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0060] Attached reference numerals: 1. Expansion joint vertical plate; 11. Anchor plate; 12. Horizontal plate; 13. Through hole;

[0061] 2. Expansion joint teeth; 21. Through groove; 23. Connecting teeth. Detailed Implementation

[0062] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0063] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0064] For ease of understanding, the parameters involved in this article are limited as follows:

[0065] Vehicle parameters: wheel track (Distance between the center lines of the left and right wheels on the same axis), wheel width Wheel diameter (or grounding length) Design speed .

[0066] Waveform parameters: wavelength / pitch ,amplitude The relative boundaries of the two steel plates in the horizontal plane satisfy the following: ;

[0067] Construction parameters: Minimum structural clearance between two steel plates .

[0068] Derived quantity: Overlap quantity Time-based peak shifting amount: ;

[0069] other: It is a non-negative integer used to represent the integer multiple relationship between wheel pitch and wavelength.

[0070] Example 1:

[0071] refer to Figures 2-7 A design method for an asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device includes the following steps:

[0072] S001 Obtain the basic parameters of the vehicle applicable to the target road, including at least the wheel track, wheel width, and wheel diameter;

[0073] S002 performs statistical analysis on the parameters to determine the main distribution range of vehicle wheel track;

[0074] S003 sets the pitch and amplitude of the waveform geometry of the telescopic device according to the main distribution range, so that the left and right wheels of the vehicle will generate staggered impact when passing through the telescopic device.

[0075] Furthermore, the statistical sample for wheel track width covers at least three types of vehicles: passenger cars, light trucks, and heavy trucks (see details). Figures 2-4 The distribution interval was determined using the 95% confidence interval in statistics.

[0076] Furthermore, the parameters include at least the wheel track width. Wheel width and wheel diameter or grounding length and design speed Statistical analysis of the parameters is performed to determine the main distribution range of vehicle wheelbase.

[0077] Determine the waveform geometry of the expansion joint so that the horizontal projection of the boundaries of the two opposing steel plates is a sine curve, satisfying the following conditions. ;

[0078] in, For wavelength, For amplitude, The relationship with the vehicle's track width is as follows: ;in It is a non-negative integer;

[0079] Set the minimum structural gap between the two steel plates And define the overlap between the two steel plates: ;

[0080] based on , , and Calculate the time staggered amount of the left and right wheels passing through the telescopic device: ;

[0081] And choose accordingly , and The combination of these elements causes the left and right wheels of the vehicle to experience staggered impacts when passing through the telescopic device.

[0082] Furthermore, the parameter selection satisfies at least one of the following constraints:

[0083] Time-staggered volume Limited to The target range;

[0084] Under heavy-duty truck-dominated operating conditions, amplitude Select And satisfy ;

[0085] The expansion gap is set according to the temperature expansion and contraction requirements to meet the needs. ,in For design temperature difference, The coefficient of linear expansion of steel, This is the effective length of the bridge deck.

[0086] Example 2: A design method for an asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device, comprising the following steps:

[0087] S201 data acquisition involves collecting basic parameters of vehicles applicable to the target road, including at least... Data sources may include road traffic surveys, weighing monitoring, and vehicle registration databases.

[0088] S202 Statistical Analysis: Statistical processing is performed on the parameters. Focus on determining the wheel track Main distribution range ;

[0089] S203 Geometric Settings: Set the relative boundaries of the telescopic device to a sine curve within the horizontal plane, and confirm. and This causes a time-staggered impact when the left and right wheels cross the interface.

[0090] S204 Parameter combination ,comprehensive – Phase relationship, Formula and The construction constraints are obtained Feasible combinations;

[0091] S205 verification and output: Verify based on the target peak-shifting range and structural constraints, and output the final design parameters and construction suggestions;

[0092] Furthermore, Focus on determining the wheel track Main distribution range The specific steps are as follows:

[0093] The S2021 sample composition should include wheel track statistics samples that cover at least three typical vehicle types: passenger cars, light trucks, and heavy / medium-heavy trucks. The sample size should be ≥500 vehicles / direction to ensure the stability of the estimation.

[0094] The S2022 interval was determined using a statistical 95% confidence interval to define the "major distribution interval"; for near-normal samples, the following can be used: Estimate the confidence interval for the mean; for general distributions, nonparametric methods (bootstrapping / quantile methods) are preferred, using the 2.5% and 97.5% quantiles of the empirical distribution as the principal distribution endpoints;

[0095] S2023 cleaning and grouping: After removing significant outliers, statistical analysis can be performed by vehicle model grouping. The main interval, used for subsequent... Matching different Solution .

[0096] Furthermore, Matching different Solution To ensure that the left and right wheels naturally stagger when passing through expansion joints, the vehicle's track width is adjusted. With wavelength Set as: ;

[0097] This relationship means that when one wheel is in phase... At the half-wave point, the other wheel is positioned at an integer multiple of the full wave, thus achieving staggered timing. This is combined with different vehicle models... Main interval, can be:

[0098] Sedans: Common ,Pick ;

[0099] Light / medium-duty trucks: , take the same ;

[0100] Heavy trucks: ,Pick Or take according to the working conditions To increase the margin for peak shifting.

[0101] Furthermore, the coupling design of overlap and peak offset:

[0102] The actual effectiveness of the interlacing of the two steel plates in the horizontal plane is determined by the amount of overlap. reflect: ;

[0103] when hour, The interleaving disappears, which is not conducive to asynchronous effects; when At that time, there exists an effective staggered region. The time stagger amount is approximated using an engineering method: ;

[0104] This expression shows: Follow Increase and increase, with Increase and decrease, with Increases and increases; therefore, under the premise of satisfying structural and processing constraints, [the following can be done]: Collaborative selection is carried out to achieve the target off-peak interval.

[0105] Furthermore, to balance comfort, durability, and structural feasibility, parameter selection must meet at least one or more of the following constraints:

[0106] (1) During off-peak hours, the target is... The design was based on: Inversely calculate the feasible region of the parameters;

[0107] (2) For heavy-duty trucks, the preferred amplitude is selected. At the same time satisfy ,make sure ;

[0108] (3) Temperature structure constraints of expansion gaps. Based on the temperature expansion / contraction setting, it satisfies: ;

[0109] in To design temperature difference, The coefficient of linear expansion of steel. The effective length of the bridge deck; when When the temperature requirement is given and is relatively large, it can be appropriately increased. or reduce To maintain Within the target range.

[0110] Furthermore, Parameter combination The specific steps to solve this problem are as follows:

[0111] S2041 Preliminary Selection ,in accordance with Main range of vehicle type and target get Initial values ​​(recommended for passenger cars / light trucks) Heavy trucks may also have priority. If necessary, investigate Increase peak-shifting margin).

[0112] S2042 settings Based on road grade and vehicle operating conditions, the following is given: Candidate range: sedan medium-sized trucks Heavy trucks ;

[0113] S2043 constraint Calculation based on temperature structural constraints and guarantee ;

[0114] S2044 Verification ,by Check whether it has fallen into s; if insufficient, adjust. Increase or ( Increase); Decrease ( Increase); change if necessary (Influence level);

[0115] S2045 output and archiving, forming parameter triplets Its derivation basis, statistical summary and applicable vehicle models.

[0116] Furthermore, regarding the selection of materials and construction: the gap filling material should preferably be a weather-resistant elastomer (such as modified polyurethane or EPDM), meeting the requirements of a resilience rate ≥50% and a working temperature... The aging resistance is ≥10 years; the boundary processing is preferably CNC cutting + precision grinding to ensure the linear accuracy of the sinusoidal boundary in the horizontal plane, and the end can be set at 0.5. Smooth transition sections to reduce the rate of change of the planar angle at the entry / exit interface; waterproof construction: in Multiple waterproof lips or sealing strips are installed at the point, which, together with the elastomer, achieve the dual functions of seepage prevention and buffering.

[0117] Example 3:

[0118] refer to Figure 8An asynchronous energy dissipation expansion joint device includes a waveform expansion joint plate designed based on the method described in Example 1. The expansion joint plate is provided with two sets of complementary shapes. The side wall of the expansion joint plate is fixedly connected with a number of anchor plates and a horizontally arranged transverse plate. The anchor plates are provided with through holes for pre-embedded steel bars to pass through. An elastic waterstop is filled between the two expansion joint plates.

[0119] Preferably, the gap between the two expansion joint uprights is 18-32mm; when the installation temperature is 0°C, the gap between the two expansion joint uprights is 32mm; when the installation temperature is 10°C, the gap between the two expansion joint uprights is 30mm; when the installation temperature is 20°C, the gap between the two expansion joint uprights is 25mm; when the installation temperature is 30°C, the gap between the two expansion joint uprights is 18mm; when the installation temperature is 40°C, the gap between the two expansion joint uprights is 18mm.

[0120] When the installation temperature is below zero degrees Celsius, the gap between the two expansion joint uprights can be appropriately widened or adjusted according to the local ambient temperature; when the installation temperature is -10 degrees Celsius, the gap between the two expansion joint uprights is 40 mm.

[0121] Example 4:

[0122] refer to Figure 9 An asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device includes a telescopic joint toothed block with a waveform based on the method described in Embodiment 1. The telescopic joint toothed block is provided with two sets of complementary shapes. Multiple uniformly vertically arranged through slots are opened on the telescopic joint toothed block. Adjacent through slots are connected to each other as connecting teeth. The connecting teeth are inserted into the through slots on the opposite telescopic joint toothed blocks.

[0123] The sidewalls of the expansion joint teeth are fixedly connected with several anchor plates, and the anchor plates have through holes for the pre-embedded steel bars to pass through. An elastic waterstop is filled between two expansion joint teeth.

[0124] Furthermore, the sidewall of the expansion joint toothed block is fixed with a horizontally set transverse plate, and the anchor plate is fixedly connected to the transverse plate.

[0125] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for an asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the basic parameters of vehicles applicable to the target road; Statistical analysis of the parameters was performed to determine the main distribution range of vehicle wheelbase. Based on the distribution range, the pitch and amplitude of the waveform geometry of the telescopic device are set so that the left and right wheels of the vehicle will generate time-staggered impacts when passing through the telescopic device. The parameters include at least the wheel track. Wheel width and wheel diameter or grounding length and design speed ; Statistical analysis of the parameters is performed to determine the main distribution range of vehicle wheelbase; Determine the waveform geometry of the expansion joint so that the horizontal projection of the boundaries of the two opposing steel plates is a sine curve, satisfying the following conditions. ; in, For wavelength, For amplitude, The relationship with the vehicle's wheelbase is as follows: ;in It is a non-negative integer; Set the minimum structural gap between the two steel plates And define the overlap between the two steel plates: ; based on , , and Calculate the time staggered amount of the left and right wheels passing through the telescopic device: ; And choose accordingly , and The combination of these elements causes the left and right wheels of the vehicle to experience staggered impacts when passing through the telescopic device. The parameter selection simultaneously satisfies the following constraints: Time-staggered volume Limited to The target range; Under heavy-duty truck-dominated operating conditions, amplitude Select And satisfy ; The expansion gap is set according to the temperature expansion and contraction requirements to meet the needs. ,in For design temperature difference, The coefficient of linear expansion of steel, This is the effective length of the bridge deck; The specific steps for solving the simultaneous parametric problem are as follows: Preliminary selection ,in accordance with Main range of vehicle type and target get Initial value; set up Based on road grade and vehicle operating conditions, the following is given: Candidate range: sedan medium-sized trucks Heavy trucks ; constraint Calculation based on temperature structural constraints and guarantee ; Verification ,by Check whether it has fallen into s; if insufficient, adjust. Increase or ; reduce .

2. The design method of the asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The statistical sample of wheel track covers at least three types of vehicles: passenger cars, light trucks, and heavy trucks. The distribution interval is determined using a 95% confidence interval in statistics.

3. The design method of the asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the wheelbase of the applicable vehicle When the depth is 1.50–1.65m, select Make the waveform pitch satisfy ,thereby ;amplitude ; Expansion gap and satisfy .

4. The design method of the asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the wheelbase of the applicable vehicle When the depth is 1.70–1.85m, select Make the waveform pitch satisfy ,thereby ;amplitude Expansion gap and satisfy .

5. The design method of the asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the wheelbase of the applicable vehicle When the depth is 1.80–2.20m, select Make the waveform pitch satisfy ,thereby ;amplitude Expansion gap and satisfy .

6. An asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device, characterized in that, The expansion joint upright plate includes a waveform of an expansion device designed based on any one of the methods of claims 1–5, wherein the expansion joint upright plate is provided with two sets of complementary shapes; The side wall of the expansion joint vertical plate is fixedly connected with several anchor plates and horizontally arranged horizontal plates. The anchor plates have through holes for pre-embedded steel bars to pass through, and the space between the two expansion joint vertical plates is filled with an elastic waterstop.

7. An asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device, characterized in that, The telescopic slit toothed block includes a waveform of a telescopic device designed based on the method of any one of claims 1–5, wherein the telescopic slit toothed block is provided with two sets of complementary shapes; The expansion joint tooth block is provided with multiple uniformly vertically arranged through slots, and two adjacent through slots form a connecting tooth; The sidewall of the expansion joint tooth block is fixedly connected with several anchor plates, and the anchor plates have through holes for pre-embedded steel bars to pass through. An elastic waterstop is filled between two expansion joint teeth blocks.

8. The asynchronous energy dissipation telescopic device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The side wall of the expansion joint toothed block is fixed with a horizontally arranged transverse plate, and the anchor plate is fixedly connected to the transverse plate.

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