A method and system for improving the resource utilization efficiency of an FSDM network

Abstract

This invention relates to a method and system for improving the utilization efficiency of FSDM network resources. The method includes: Step S1: Constructing an IP-over-FSDM network architecture, which includes an IP layer and an FSDM optical layer; Step S2: Constructing a hybrid traffic routing mechanism based on the IP-over-FSDM network architecture, wherein the hybrid traffic routing mechanism includes a single-hop path service routing mechanism and a multi-hop path service routing mechanism; Step S3: Optimizing the operation of the hybrid traffic routing mechanism in the IP-over-FSDM network architecture using an integer linear programming model. This invention can effectively realize the utilization of FSDM network resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of network resource utilization technology, and in particular to a method and system for improving the efficiency of FSDM network resource utilization. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, data traffic in mobile wireless, fixed access, supercomputers, and data centers has grown exponentially, constantly pushing the transmission capacity limits of existing standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) networks. To address this challenge, space division multiplexing (SDM) combined with super-channel (SCH) technology has emerged as a promising solution for enhancing optical network capacity. Super-channel technology is a relatively new technology that allows the formation of optical channels for data transmission within the same spectrum of different optical fibers. Meanwhile, SDM can be implemented in various ways, including multi-core fiber-based SDM (MCF-SDM) and fiber space division multiplexing (FSDM). While MCF-SDM uses multi-core fibers, its application is not widespread, and this technology also needs to address issues such as inter-core crosstalk. In contrast, the large number of SSMF cables already buried underground allows FSDM to create super-channels by combining the same spectrum across multiple fibers. Besides abundant SSMF optical cables and mature transmission technology, FSDM has another advantage: it can share common laser sources (LSs) and local oscillators (LOs), allowing signals on different fibers to operate on the same spectrum. This significantly reduces system design, cost, and energy consumption, while avoiding inter-core crosstalk problems present in MCF-SDM. Currently, FSDM networks using the coarsest-grained spatial hyperchannel have proven to be the most cost-effective. In other words, bundling all fibers into a single logical link maximizes the shared utilization of common laser sources (LSs) and local oscillators (LOs). However, this method has the lowest spectral efficiency. Because the fibers are bundled together, a large number of frequency slots (FSs) are wasted, thus limiting the flexibility of spectrum allocation.

[0003] In summary, while existing methods aim to improve the efficiency and cost of FSDM network resource utilization (i.e., spectrum resources and the number of transceivers used), effectively addressing traffic routing issues is particularly crucial in FSDM networks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problems of low resource utilization efficiency and high cost of FSDM networks in the prior art.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for improving the resource utilization efficiency of FSDM networks, comprising:

[0006] Step S1: Construct an IP-over-FSDM network architecture, which includes an IP layer and an FSDM optical layer;

[0007] Step S2: Construct a hybrid traffic routing mechanism based on the IP-over-FSDM network architecture. The hybrid traffic routing mechanism includes a single-hop path service routing mechanism and a multi-hop path service routing mechanism. The single-hop path service routing mechanism is used to aggregate service traffic between the same node pairs at the IP layer to the corresponding spectrum block at the FSDM optical layer. The multi-hop path service routing mechanism is used to aggregate service traffic between different node pairs at the IP layer, so that they can share the common spectrum block at the FSDM optical layer through relays at intermediate IP nodes.

[0008] Step S3: Optimize the operation of the hybrid traffic routing mechanism in the IP-over-FSDM network architecture using an integer linear programming model. The integer linear programming model aims to minimize the number of occupied frequency slots and the number of transceivers used during the optimization process, and constructs constraints to improve the resource utilization efficiency of the FSDM network.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, step S3 optimizes the operation of the hybrid traffic routing mechanism in the IP-over-FSDM network architecture using an integer linear programming model, including: constructing an optimization objective, expressed as:

[0010] (1);

[0011] in, As weight, Number of FS used in the network; This represents the total number of transceivers in use.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, step S3 optimizes the operation of the hybrid traffic routing mechanism in the IP-over-FSDM network architecture using an integer linear programming model, including constructing constraints, wherein the constraints include constructing constraints regarding the IP layer:

[0013] First constraint: Business flow splitting and linearization, expressed as:

[0014] (2);

[0015] (3);

[0016] in, For the parent business , To divert sub-businesses, For business Available flow For business Bandwidth traffic; For if business Traffic diverted to sub-business The value is 1 if it is 1, otherwise it is 0. For business Traffic diverted to sub-business The offloading bandwidth; For a set of business functions; For business Corresponding sub-business set;

[0017] The second constraint: Sub-business path selection constraint, expressed as:

[0018] (4);

[0019] (5);

[0020] (6);

[0021] in, Indicates if business Sub-business Select route If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. It is the maximum value. To determine business Sub-business Do you want to select a space selection method? ; A set of selection methods for spatial channels;

[0022] Third constraint: Routing and modulation formats must be consistent, expressed as:

[0023] (7);

[0024] in, Indicates if business Sub-business The modulation format is If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates if business Sub-business Select route If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. If path Select modulation format If the value is 1, then the value is 0; For subsidiary businesses , Corresponding alternative route set; It can provide a set of modulation formats for the network.

[0025] In one embodiment of the invention, the constraints further include constructing a first conversion constraint regarding the conversion from the IP layer to the FSDM optical layer:

[0026] Fourth constraint: Sub-business The corresponding uplink routing uses consistency, represented as follows:

[0027] (8);

[0028] (9);

[0029] in, Indicates if business Sub-business Optical channel in path link If the value is 1, then the value is 1; otherwise, the value is 0. For business Sub-business Optional routes ; For routing The included links ; Indicates routing Includes a set of links; For routing The included links ; For routing The included links ;

[0030] Fifth constraint: The number of File Systems (FS) required to map IP layer service traffic to the optical layer, expressed as:

[0031] (10);

[0032] (11);

[0033] in, Indicates the spatial channel selection method Corresponding space dimensions; Indicates business Sub-business In the path Choose space selection method Lower Space Channel Required number of FS; Representing a path Corresponding to the highest modulation efficiency; This represents the size of the basic frequency band corresponding to a single FS;

[0034] Sixth constraint: Sub-business Use routing and links Triggering conditions used:

[0035] (12);

[0036] (13);

[0037] in, Indicates business Sub-business In the path link Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel Required number of FS; Indicates the space selection method Lower First Space Passage; Representation of space selection method The second space passage and They can be the same or different; Indicates business Sub-business In the path link Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel Occupied spectrum block starting frequency slot index value; Indicates business Sub-business In the path link Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel Occupied spectrum block start slot index value, and They can be the same or different;

[0038] Seventh constraint: Sub-business In routing Using modulation format Required number of FS , represented as:

[0039] (14);

[0040] (15);

[0041] (16);

[0042] in, Indicates business Sub-business In the path Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel Using modulation format Required number of FS; Indicates business Sub-business In the path Using modulation format The number of FS required.

[0043] In one embodiment of the invention, the constraints further include constructing a second conversion constraint regarding the conversion from the IP layer to the FSDM optical layer:

[0044] Eighth constraint: Sub-business The spectral continuity of an optical path is expressed as:

[0045] (17);

[0046] (18);

[0047] (19);

[0048] in, Indicates business Sub-business In the path Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel The index value of the end of the frequency slot of the occupied spectrum block; Indicates business Sub-business In path p Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel The starting frequency slot index value of the occupied spectrum block; Indicates if business Sub-business path via link If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates the number of file systems (FS) that can be supported on the link;

[0049] Ninth constraint: Non-overlapping spectrum of optical paths:

[0050] business Sub-business With business Sub-business The spectra do not overlap :

[0051] (20);

[0052] (twenty one);

[0053] in, Indicates if business Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value of the reserved spectrum is greater than the service frequency slot index value. Sub-business path The starting frequency slot index value for the reserved spectrum; Indicates if business Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value of the reserved spectrum is greater than the service frequency slot index value. Sub-business path The starting frequency slot index value for the reserved spectrum is 1 if it is set to 1, and 0 otherwise. Indicates business Corresponding sub-business set; Indicates business Corresponding sub-business Optional route set; Indicates business Sub-business In the path Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel The index value of the end of the frequency slot of the occupied spectrum block; Indicates business Sub-business In path p Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel The starting frequency slot index value of the occupied spectrum block; Indicates if business Sub-business path via link If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates if business Sub-business path via link If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates if business Sub-business Do you want to select a space selection method? If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates if business Sub-business Do you want to select a space selection method? Then it is 1; otherwise, it is 0.

[0054] Tenth constraint: Business Sub-business With sub-business The spectra do not overlap :

[0055] (twenty two);

[0056] (twenty three);

[0057] in, Indicates if business Sub-business , in the path The starting frequency slot index value of the reserved spectrum is greater than the service frequency slot index value. Sub-business , in path The starting frequency slot index value for the reserved spectrum is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates if business Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value of the reserved spectrum is greater than the service frequency slot index value. Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value for the reserved spectrum is set to 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates business Corresponding sub-business Optional route set; Indicates business Corresponding sub-business Optional route set; Indicates if business Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value of the reserved spectrum is greater than the service frequency slot index value. Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value for the reserved spectrum is set to 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates routing Includes a set of links; Represents routing Includes a set of links.

[0058] In one embodiment of the invention, the constraint further includes constructing a summation constraint for FS in the FSDM optical layer:

[0059] Eleventh constraint: Calculate the total number of frequency slots (FS) used by the network:

[0060] (twenty four);

[0061] in, This indicates the number of filesystems (FS) occupied in the network.

[0062] In one embodiment of the invention, the constraints further include constructing a first constraint regarding the transceiver in the FSDM optical layer:

[0063] Twelfth constraint: Constraint (25) indicates that the modulation format is path Aggregate on FS:

[0064] (25);

[0065] in, The modulation format is indicated as The path is Total number of FS required;

[0066] Thirteenth constraint: Constraint conditions (26-27) determine the modulation format as follows. path Use or not:

[0067] (26);

[0068] (27);

[0069] in, The modulation format is indicated as path Whether it is used;

[0070] Fourteenth Constraint: Constraint Conditions (28-29) Determine the Path Use or not:

[0071] (28);

[0072] (29);

[0073] in, Indicates the path to be judged Whether it is used;

[0074] Fifteenth Constraint: Constraint Condition (30) Determines the Path Should a transceiver be assigned? :

[0075] (30);

[0076] in, Indicates the path to be judged Assign to transmitter If used, it is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Represents an integer;

[0077] Sixteenth constraint: Constraint conditions (31-32) determine the path. At the node Is a transceiver used? :

[0078] (31);

[0079] (32);

[0080] in, Indicates the path to be judged Should a transmitter be used? The value is 1 if used, otherwise it is 0; Representing a path starting point; Indicates business Sub-business In the path Number of FS; Representing a path end;

[0081] Seventeenth constraint: Constraint condition (33) represents the node Transceiver Match a modulation format :

[0082] ;

[0083] in, Indicates the decision node The modulation format is transmitter Whether it is used; if used, it is 1, otherwise it is 0. Indicates the decision node The modulation format is receiver Whether it is used; if used, it is 1, otherwise it is 0. Indicates the number of transceivers under different modulation formats;

[0084] Eighteenth constraint: Constraints (34-35) represent the path. Modulation used Its transceiver modulation format is consistent with that of the source and destination nodes:

[0085] (34);

[0086] (35);

[0087] in, Indicates the path to be judged Assign to transmitter If used, it is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates the path to be judged Is it assigned to the receiver? The value is 1 if used, otherwise it is 0; The modulation format is indicated as path Whether it is being used.

[0088] In one embodiment of the invention, the constraints further include constructing a second constraint regarding the transceiver in the FSDM optical layer:

[0089] Nineteenth constraint: Linearization of constraint conditions (36-37) , AND linearization, if path Assigned transceiver Then the corresponding modulation format is assigned as follows: transceiver :

[0090] (36);

[0091] (37);

[0092] in, The ternary product represents the transmitter's carrying capacity constraint; The ternary product representing the receiver's carrying capacity constraint;

[0093] 20th Constraint: Linearization of Constraints (38-39) , The modulation format is calculated as follows: path Number of FS used At the nodes representing the start and end points Whether to use modulation format transceiver :

[0094] = (38);

[0095] = (39);

[0096] in, Indicates the number of FS used by the transmitter; ; The modulation format is indicated as The path is Total number of FS required;

[0097] Constraint 21: Constraint (40-41) indicates that if the path At the nodes representing the start and end points The modulation format used is transceiver The total number of FS they use cannot exceed the transceiver's. Number of individual FS available:

[0098] (40);

[0099] (41);

[0100] in, This indicates the number of frequency slots (FS) that each transceiver can support;

[0101] The 22nd constraint: Constraint (42) indicates that if node The modulation format used is transceiver The total number of FS they use cannot exceed the transceiver's. Total number of FS available:

[0102] (42);

[0103] The 23rd constraint: Constraint conditions (43-44) indicate that if the nodes representing the start and end points... The modulation format used is transceiver The modulation format is then path Select this transceiver:

[0104] (43);

[0105] (44).

[0106] In one embodiment of the invention, the constraints further include constructing a third constraint regarding the transceiver in the FSDM optical layer:

[0107] 24. Constraint (45): Calculate the total number of transceivers used in the FSDM network.

[0108] (45).

[0109] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a system for improving the resource utilization efficiency of FSDM networks, comprising:

[0110] The first building module is used to construct an IP-over-FSDM network architecture, which includes an IP layer and an FSDM optical layer.

[0111] The second building module is used to build a hybrid traffic routing mechanism based on the IP-over-FSDM network architecture. The hybrid traffic routing mechanism includes a single-hop path service routing mechanism and a multi-hop path service routing mechanism. The single-hop path service routing mechanism is used at the FSDM optical layer, and the multi-hop path service routing mechanism is used at the IP layer.

[0112] Optimization module: This module is used to optimize the operation of the hybrid traffic routing mechanism in the IP-over-FSDM network architecture using an integer linear programming model. The integer linear programming model aims to minimize the number of occupied frequency slots and the number of transceivers used during the optimization process, and constructs constraints to improve the resource utilization efficiency of the FSDM network.

[0113] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0114] This invention introduces traffic routing technology into FSDM networks to improve resource utilization efficiency. It proposes an IP-over-FSDM network architecture and a traffic routing mechanism, and constructs an integer linear programming (ILP) model for this purpose. First, the invention proposes an IP-over-FSDM network architecture and, for this architecture, a hybrid traffic routing mechanism covering single-hop and multi-hop path service routing. Second, the invention uses mathematical language to describe the traffic routing mechanism's operation in IP-over-FSDM, constructing an integer linear programming (ILP) model to jointly minimize the number of occupied frequency slots (FSs) and the number of transceivers used.

[0115] Simulation results show that, compared with FSDM networks that do not use traffic routing technology, the FSDM network using traffic routing technology in this invention can effectively improve network resource utilization efficiency, mainly reflected in the effective reduction of the number of frequency slots (FS) used by the network and the number of transceivers used. Attached Figure Description

[0116] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0117] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0118] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the frequency slot waste in an FSDM network under the coarsest-grained spatial hyperchannel configuration.

[0119] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the IP-over-FSDM network architecture in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0120] Figure 4(a) is a schematic diagram of the present invention without FSB aggregation in an FSDM network;

[0121] Figure 4(b) is a schematic diagram of the present invention with FSB aggregation in an FSDM network;

[0122] Figure 5(a) is a schematic diagram of the IP-over-FSDM network multi-hop service without de-splitting technology of the present invention;

[0123] Figure 5(b) is a schematic diagram of the traffic offloading technology for multi-hop services in the IP-over-FSDM network of the present invention;

[0124] Figure 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the 3-node network of the present invention;

[0125] Figure 6(b) is a schematic diagram of the 4-node network of the present invention;

[0126] Figure 7(a) is a schematic diagram of the number of network slots (FS) and transceivers used in the 3-node network of the present invention with and without traffic routing.

[0127] Figure 7(b) is a schematic diagram of the number of network slots (FS) and transceivers used in the 4-node network of the present invention with and without traffic routing. Detailed Implementation

[0128] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0129] Example 1

[0130] Reference Figure 1 As shown, this invention relates to a method for improving the resource utilization efficiency of FSDM networks, comprising:

[0131] Step S1: Construct an IP-over-FSDM network architecture, which includes an IP layer and an FSDM optical layer;

[0132] Step S2: Construct a hybrid traffic routing mechanism based on the IP-over-FSDM network architecture. The hybrid traffic routing mechanism includes a single-hop path service routing mechanism and a multi-hop path service routing mechanism. The single-hop path service routing mechanism is used to aggregate service traffic between the same node pairs at the IP layer to the corresponding spectrum block at the FSDM optical layer. The multi-hop path service routing mechanism is used to aggregate service traffic between different node pairs at the IP layer, so that they can share the common spectrum block at the FSDM optical layer through relays at intermediate IP nodes.

[0133] Step S3: Optimize the operation of the hybrid traffic routing mechanism in the IP-over-FSDM network architecture using an integer linear programming model. The integer linear programming model aims to minimize the number of occupied frequency slots and the number of transceivers used during the optimization process, and constructs constraints to improve the resource utilization efficiency of the FSDM network.

[0134] The following is a detailed description of this embodiment:

[0135] 1. Spectrum wastage in FSDM systems

[0136] Previous research has demonstrated that FSDM networks with the coarsest spatial superchannel (Spa SCh) granularity are the most cost-effective—that is, bundling all fibers into a single link to maximize the sharing of a common laser source (LS) and local oscillator (LO). However, this approach suffers from the lowest spectral efficiency because the bundling of fibers results in a significant waste of bandwidth (FS), thus limiting the flexibility of spectrum allocation.

[0137] Figure 2 An example of bandwidth wastage in an FSDM network is given. Figure 2 In this context, LS represents the laser source, LO represents the local oscillator, Tr (corresponding to Transmitter) and Re (corresponding to Receiver) represent the Spatial Scheduling (SSC) transmitter and receiver, respectively. FSwaste indicates wasted bandwidth, Occupied FS indicates occupied bandwidth, and Cable represents the link. A link consists of four optical fibers, with the vertical dimension representing the fiber dimension and the horizontal dimension representing the spectrum dimension. Specifically, Figure 2 Each link in the middle ( Figure 2 The cable contains four optical fibers (F=4) and uses the coarsest Spa-SCh granularity. =4), at which point a pair of LS and LO can be shared among four fibers. Here, FS represents the spectral granularity, and its spacing can be as coarse as 50 GHz in FSDM networks. A frequency slot block (FSB) consists of several frequency slots (FS) used to construct a Spatial Schew. For example, in Figure 2 In this context, the FSB consists of four FSs, each originating from one of four optical fibers. If each LFB contains... If there are 10 optical fibers, and each fiber uses 0 fiber optic cables (FS), then the size of the FSB is 0. ×o FS. To build a system that requires... For each FS Spa SCh, a size not less than 1 must be assigned. FSB, i.e. .

[0138] However, in FSDM networks, a mismatch between the bandwidth required by the Spatial Scheduling (SPAS) and the capacity of the FSB often leads to wasted bandwidth. For example, in... Figure 2 In this example, the FSB has a size of 4 FS, while the Spa SCh only requires 3 FS, resulting in a waste of 1 FS. Since the wasted FS cannot be reused by other services, it directly reduces spectral efficiency. At the same time, this waste also affects the transceiver utilization efficiency, because each optical path requires a pair of transceivers at the source and destination nodes.

[0139] Based on the FSDM example above, this embodiment defines several key concepts as follows. First, a Link Fiber Bundle (LFB) refers to all optical fibers sharing a single laser source and local oscillator. For example... Figure 2 In this embodiment, the fiber bundle (LFB) contains four optical fibers. Furthermore, this embodiment defines a frequency block (FSB) as the set of all frequency slots (FS) that constitute the hyperchannel. For example, Figure 2 In this context, an FSB contains four FSs, one in each fiber. When each LFB contains... Each optical fiber (which can be defined as the spatial granularity of spatial Sch) When each fiber has o FS, the size of the FSB can be calculated as follows: ×o FS. Figure 2 In this context, the size of the FSB is four FSs, i.e. ( =4, o=1).

[0140] 2. IP-over-FSDM network architecture and traffic routing mechanism

[0141] (1) IP-over-FSDM network architecture

[0142] To improve resource utilization efficiency, this embodiment introduces an upper IP layer into the FSDM-based optical layer network and proposes an IP-over-FSDM network architecture scheme. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the IP-over-FSDM network architecture consists of two layers: the IP layer (which can be understood as the layer carrying electrical data) and the FSDM optical layer (which can be understood as the layer carrying optical data). In this architecture, each node consists of a pair of core routers and a differential multiplexer (ROADM). The core routers are connected to the ROADMs via short-range optical interfaces supporting FSDM to establish a Spatial Hyperchannel (Spa SCh). The structure of the ROADM node is basically the same as that of nodes in current Elastic Optical Networks (EON), the difference being that its internal arrayed waveguide gratings (AWG) and wavelength selective switches (WSS) support more flexible spectral spacing. Figure 3In this context, all router nodes interconnected via optical virtual links constitute the IP layer, while all optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) nodes interconnected via multi-fiber links constitute the optical layer.

[0143] (2) Traffic diversion mechanism

[0144] (a) Traffic routing mechanism for single-hop services: To address the issue of wasted optical fibers (FS) within a frequency slot block (FSB), this embodiment proposes an FSB aggregation technique based on the optical layer. This method can aggregate optical paths between different node pairs, thereby sharing the FS within the FSB. As shown in Figures 4(a) and 4(b), in an example of FSB aggregation between nodes A and B in an FSDM network, one link contains two optical fibers ( =2, =2). Figure 4(a) shows the case without FSB aggregation: business requirements (Required number of frequency slots = 3) and (Required number of frequency slots = 1) Optical paths are established separately, forming FSBs of sizes 2×2 and 2×1 respectively. In this case, two pairs of transceivers need to be configured between node pairs. In contrast, Figure 4(b) shows the case using FSB aggregation: Service requirements Demand can be utilized This reduces the wasted bandwidth in the FSB, thereby improving spectrum utilization and reducing the number of transceivers required between node pairs. It should be noted that the transceiver limit (i.e., the maximum number of bandwidths a single transceiver can support) largely determines the aggregation effect; in actual devices, the bandwidth limit supported by a transceiver may be much greater than the assumptions in theoretical modeling, meaning that there may be stronger aggregation potential in engineering implementation.

[0145] (2) Traffic routing mechanism for multi-hop services: In the second method, this embodiment splits the service flow between node pairs for transmission, that is, it carries the service through multiple different paths in the IP layer, thereby making full use of the remaining capacity in the virtual link bands (LFBs) traversed by these paths. As shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b), this is an example of multi-hop service routing in the IP-over-FSDM network architecture.

[0146] Figure 5(a) illustrates the scenario without traffic offloading: when demands A-B, B-D, A-C, C-D, and A-D are established, virtual LFBs A-B, B-D, A-C, C-D, and A-D are correspondingly generated to provide bandwidth between node pairs. The result is the establishment of five Spatial Hyperchannels (SpaSCh) in the FSDM optical layer and the configuration of five transceiver pairs for the SpaSCh in the IP layer. In contrast, Figure 5(b) illustrates the scenario with traffic offloading: the 70 Gb / s demand of node pair A-D is divided into two parts, 30 Gb / s and 40 Gb / s, which utilize the remaining bandwidth on other virtual LFBs. Specifically, the 30 Gb / s service is transmitted via path A-B-D, while the 40 Gb / s service is transmitted via path A-C-D. Therefore, traffic offloading enables scheduling to be completed without establishing a separate direct Spatial SCh for node pair (A, D), thereby reducing the number of occupied FSBs in the optical layer and the number of transceivers in use.

[0147] 3. Linear Programming and Modeling

[0148] (1) Problem Description

[0149] In the service routing process of the IP-over-FSDM architecture, the FSDM optical layer needs to comprehensively consider factors such as transceivers, routing, spatial dimensions, and spectrum dimensions. The goal of this embodiment is to minimize the number of frequency slots (FS) and the number of spatial hyperchannel (Spa SCh) transceivers used. To this end, this embodiment proposes an integer linear programming (ILP) model and a scalable heuristic algorithm to solve this problem. The ILP model transforms the problem into a rigorous mathematical description, and optimal solutions can be obtained using commercial solvers. These optimal solutions are further used to verify the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.

[0150] (2) Modeling process

[0151] Note: In this model, "business" can refer to both parent and sub-businesses, and is used broadly to refer to these businesses. A sub-business is defined relative to a parent business; a parent business can be branched into multiple sub-businesses.

[0152] Optimization goal:

[0153] (1)

[0154] Constraints:

[0155] First constraint: Business flow splitting and linearization:

[0156] (2)

[0157] (3)

[0158] Constraint (2) Ensure the parent business Sub-services can be distributed (Here, this embodiment assumes a parent business) It can be divided into at most 3 sub-businesses. ), and the total bandwidth of the sub-services is equal to that of the parent service. Constraint (3) means that if the service Choose to redirect to sub-business Then the business Distributable flow The range is 0~ .

[0159] Second constraint: Sub-business path selection constraint:

[0160] (4)

[0161] (5)

[0162] (6)

[0163] Constraints (4-5) ensure that the sub-businesses of each business... Only one route can be selected. Constraint (6) ensures that each sub-business Choose only one space selection method .

[0164] Third constraint: Routing-modulation format consistency:

[0165] (7)

[0166] Constraint (7) ensures that each business Sub-business Selected route Then, select the corresponding modulation format. (Select based on physical path length, then select the modulation format).

[0167] Fourth constraint: Sub-business The corresponding uplink routing maintains consistency:

[0168] (8)

[0169] (9)

[0170] Constraint (8-9) indicates that if the parent business Sub-business Selected route Then the route All links They will all be occupied.

[0171] Fifth constraint: Number of File Systems (FS) required to map IP layer service traffic to the optical layer:

[0172] (10)

[0173] (11)

[0174] Constraints (10-11) indicate that, based on business... Sub-business Traffic bandwidth (Unit: GB) to calculate this service Sub-business In routing link and spatial methods spatial passage Number of FS required .

[0175] Sixth constraint: Sub-business Use routing and links Triggering conditions used:

[0176] (12)

[0177] (13)

[0178] Constraints (12-13) indicate that once the business... Sub-business Selected route and space selection method Then the link to which the route belongs and the hyperchannel to which the spatial selection method belongs. They all need to be used. and They can be the same or different; and They can be the same or different.

[0179] Seventh constraint: Sub-business In routing Using modulation format Required number of FS :

[0180] (14)

[0181] (15)

[0182] (16)

[0183] Constraints (14-16) indicate that when the business... The sub-services selected routing Modulation format and space selection method Then, calculate the service in any spatial channel. Use the maximum number of FS .

[0184] Eighth constraint: Sub-business Spectral continuity of the optical path:

[0185] (17)

[0186] (18)

[0187] (19)

[0188] Constraint formulas (17) and (18) state that once a path is selected to establish an optical channel, the frequency slots allocated to that optical channel must be adjacent to each other in the frequency domain. Constraint formula (19) ensures that the ending frequency slot index of any optical channel must be less than the maximum frequency slot index that the optical fiber can support.

[0189] Ninth constraint: Non-overlapping spectrum of optical paths:

[0190] business Sub-business With business Sub-business The spectra do not overlap [Between Business Strategies]:

[0191] (20)

[0192]

[0193] (twenty one)

[0194] Tenth constraint: Business Sub-business With sub-business The spectra do not overlap [Between Sub-businesses in Business]:

[0195] (twenty two)

[0196]

[0197]

[0198] (twenty three)

[0199] Constraint formulas (20) and (21) ensure that any parent service passing through the same hyperchannel and The spectrum resources do not overlap. If services are used... path and business path Both established optical channels use links. Super Channel ,but , , and The value of all values ​​is 1. When When the value is 0, it means < Further, according to formula (21), we can obtain... ,Right now and All less than This ensures that the spectra of the two hyperchannels do not overlap. Similarly, constraint formulas (22) and (23) ensure that traffic passing through the same hyperchannel... Any sub-business and The spectrum resources do not overlap. As a special case, if the two optical channels do not use the same superchannel on the same link, the spectrum of the two optical channels will not affect each other, and in this case, formulas (21) and (23) always hold true.

[0200] Eleventh constraint: Calculate the total number of frequency slots (FS) used by the network:

[0201] (twenty four)

[0202] Constraint formula (24) calculates the number of FS actually used by the network.

[0203] Twelfth constraint: Constraint (25) indicates that the modulation format is path Aggregate on FS:

[0204] (25)

[0205] Thirteenth constraint: Constraint conditions (26-27) determine the modulation format as follows. path Use or not:

[0206] (26)

[0207] (27)

[0208] Fourteenth Constraint: Constraint Conditions (28-29) Determine the Path Use or not:

[0209] (28)

[0210] (29)

[0211] Fifteenth Constraint: Constraint Condition (30) Determines the Path Should a transceiver be assigned? (At most one path is allowed) (Shared by transceivers)

[0212] (30)

[0213] Sixteenth constraint: Constraint conditions (31-32) determine the path. At the node Are transceivers used at (start and end points)? :

[0214] (31)

[0215] (32)

[0216] Seventeenth constraint: Constraint condition (33) represents the node Transceiver Match a modulation format

[0217] (33)

[0218]

[0219] Eighteenth constraint: Constraints (34-35) represent the path. Modulation used Its transceiver modulation format is consistent with that of the source and destination nodes:

[0220] (34)

[0221] (35)

[0222] Nineteenth constraint: Linearization of constraint conditions (36-37) , If the path Assigned transceiver Then the corresponding modulation format is assigned as follows: transceiver :

[0223] (36)

[0224] (37)

[0225] 20th Constraint: Linearization of Constraints (38-39) , Ensure the modulation format is path Number of FS used Assigned to nodes (Start and end points) are modulation formats of transceiver :

[0226] = (38)

[0227] = (39)

[0228] Constraint 21: Constraint (40-41) indicates that if the path At the node (Start and end points) use the following modulation format: transceiver The total number of FS they use cannot exceed the number used by each transceiver. Number of FS available:

[0229] (40)

[0230] (41)

[0231] The 22nd constraint: Constraint (42) indicates that if node (Start and end points) use the following modulation format: transceiver The total number of FS they use cannot exceed the number of transceivers they use. Number of FS available:

[0232] (42)

[0233]

[0234] The twenty-third constraint: Constraint (43-44) indicates that if node (Start point or end point) uses the following modulation format: transceiver The modulation format is then path Select this transceiver:

[0235] (43)

[0236] (44)

[0237] 24. Constraint (45): Calculate the total number of transceivers used in the FSDM network.

[0238] (45)

[0239] Summary: Among the above constraints, formulas (2)-(7) are for constructing constraints about the IP layer, formulas (8)-(23) are for constructing constraints about the conversion of the IP layer to the FSDM optical layer, formula (24) is for the FS summation constraint in the FSDM optical layer, and formulas (25)-(45) are for the transceiver constraint in the FSDM optical layer.

[0240] The meanings of the characters in the above formula are as follows:

[0241] (a) Sets

[0242] The set of nodes in a network;

[0243] The set of links in a network;

[0244] : Business set;

[0245] :business The corresponding set of sub-businesses (assuming that a business can be divided into at most x sub-businesses);

[0246] The set of all routes in the network;

[0247] :business Corresponding alternative route set;

[0248] Sub-business , Corresponding alternative route set;

[0249] :routing Includes a set of links;

[0250] The network can provide a set of modulation formats;

[0251] :routing The starting set, ( , (See parameter definition);

[0252] :routing The final set, ( , (See parameter definition);

[0253] : A set of spatial channel selection methods, assuming that each link contains the same number of optical fibers. If there is one optical fiber, then the service has... A spatial selection method is used to establish a hyperchannel. For example, assuming each link contains 4 optical fibers, the set of spatial selection methods available for this service is as follows: ;

[0254] Space Channel The corresponding set of elements, for example, if each link contains the same number of optical fibers, which is 4 optical fibers, then the set of elements is: ;

[0255] (ii) Parameters

[0256] The number of optical fibers corresponding to the link;

[0257] : Integer, the number of file systems that can be supported on the link;

[0258] Integer, business Bandwidth traffic (unit: Gbs), of which ;

[0259] One FS corresponds to the basic unit size;

[0260] Integer, modulation efficiency, path Corresponding to the highest modulation efficiency, where ;

[0261] : binary, if path Select modulation format (highest). If it is 1, then it is 0; otherwise, it is 0. (The highest) of these is... ;

[0262] Total number of transceivers with different modulation formats;

[0263] : Integer, the number of frequency slots (FS) that each transceiver can support;

[0264] : Maximum value (taken as 100000);

[0265] : Minimum value (taken as 0.01);

[0266] :path The starting point, among which ;

[0267] :path The finish line, among which ;

[0268] Node symbol The corresponding numerical index, for example, node N0 → 0;

[0269] Integer, spatial channel selection method Corresponding space dimensions;

[0270] (III) Variables

[0271] Integer, business Sub-business In the path Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel The number of FS required (in the spectral dimension), of which , ;

[0272] Integer, business Sub-business In the path Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel (Spectral dimension) Using modulation format The required number of FS, of which ;

[0273] Integer, business Sub-business In the path Using modulation format The required number of FS, of which ;

[0274] Integer, business Sub-business In the path Number of FS (spectral dimension), where , ;

[0275] :business Sub-business In the path Number of FS;

[0276] Integer, business Sub-business In path p Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel The starting frequency slot index value of the occupied spectrum block, where , ;

[0277] Integer, business Sub-business In the path Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel The index value of the end of the frequency slot of the occupied spectrum block, where , ;

[0278] : Binary, if business To sub-business It is 1 if it is not 0 otherwise. ;

[0279] Integer, offload bandwidth, service Sub-business The offloading bandwidth (unit: Gbs), of which ;

[0280] : Binary variable, if business Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value of the reserved spectrum is greater than the service frequency slot index value. Sub-business path The starting frequency slot index value (spectral dimension) of the reserved spectrum, where , , , , , , ;

[0281] If business Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value of the reserved spectrum is greater than the service frequency slot index value. Sub-business path The starting frequency slot index value for the reserved spectrum is 1 if it is set to 1, and 0 otherwise.

[0282] :business Corresponding sub-business Optional route set;

[0283] : Binary variable, if business Sub-business path via link If the value is 1, then the value is 1; otherwise, the value is 0. , , ;

[0284] If business Sub-business path via link If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0.

[0285] If business Sub-business path via link If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0.

[0286] :routing Includes a set of links;

[0287] :routing Includes a set of links:

[0288] : Binary variable, if business Sub-business Optical channel in path link If the expression is true, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. , , ;

[0289] If business Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value of the reserved spectrum is greater than the service frequency slot index value. Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value for the reserved spectrum is set to 1; otherwise, it is 0.

[0290] : Binary variable, if business Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value of the reserved spectrum is greater than the service frequency slot index value. Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value for the reserved spectrum is 1; otherwise, it is 0. , , , , , ;

[0291] :business Corresponding sub-business Optional route set;

[0292] :business Corresponding sub-business Optional route set;

[0293] : Integer, the total number of transceivers used;

[0294] : Binary variable, if business Sub-business The modulation format is If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. , , ;

[0295] : Binary variable, if business Sub-business Select route If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. ;

[0296] Integer, business Sub-business The allocated bandwidth (unit: Gbs), of which ;

[0297] Binary, path determination Assign to transmitter If used, it is 1; otherwise, it is 0. , ;

[0298] Binary, path determination Is it assigned to the receiver? The value is 1 if used, and 0 otherwise. , ;

[0299] Binary, determine node Transmitter The value is 1 if used, otherwise 0. , ;

[0300] Binary, determine node The value is 1 if used, and 0 otherwise. , ;

[0301] Binary, determine node The modulation format is transmitter Whether it is used, the value is 1 if used, and 0 otherwise. in ;

[0302] Binary, determine node The modulation format is receiver Whether it is used, the value is 1 if used, and 0 otherwise. ;

[0303] Integer, modulation format is The path is The total number of FS required, of which ;

[0304] : Integer, the total number of FS used in the network;

[0305] Binary, modulation format is path Whether it is used, among which ;

[0306] : Integer, representing the number of FS used by the transmitter, where ;

[0307] : Integer, representing the number of FS used by the transmitter, where ;

[0308] Binary, path determination Whether it is used, among which ;

[0309] Binary, to determine business logic Sub-business Do you want to select a space selection method? , in ;

[0310] If business Sub-business Do you want to select a space selection method? If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0.

[0311] If business Sub-business Do you want to select a space selection method? Then it is 1; otherwise, it is 0.

[0312] : Binary, used for the ternary product of transmitter capacity constraints, where ;

[0313] : Binary, used for the ternary product of receiver capacity constraints, where ;

[0314] Weight;

[0315] Experimental Analysis

[0316] Considering the complexity of solving the ILP model due to network size, this embodiment uses two small networks: Figure 6(a) shows a 3-node, 2-link network, and Figure 6(b) shows a 4-node, 4-link network, with each link containing 2 optical fibers. Table 1 shows the capacity and supported physical distance of a single FS under different modulation formats. It is assumed that BPSK, QPSK, and QAM modulation formats are available, but more different modulation formats are actually available. The transceiver supports 16 FSs, and each optical fiber supports 50 FSs. For the 3-node network, it is assumed that there are services... , 2. Business The starting point is N0, the ending point is N1, and the traffic is 900 Gb / s; service The starting point is N0, the ending point is N2, and the traffic is 800 Gb / s. Each service has only one alternative route, which is found using Dijkstra's shortest route algorithm. For a 4-node network, assume there are services... , , 3, 4, 5, 6. Business The starting point is N0, the ending point is N1, and the traffic is 1000 Gb / s; service The starting point of 2 is N0, the ending point is N2, and the traffic is 1000 Gb / s; service The starting point of line 3 is N0, the ending point is N3, and the traffic is 900 Gb / s; (Service) The starting point is N1, the ending point is N2, and the traffic is 900 Gb / s; service The starting point is N1, the ending point is N3, and the traffic is 500 Gb / s; service The starting point of route 6 is N2, the ending point is N3, and the traffic is 500 Gb / s. Each service can have three alternative routes, which are found according to Dijkstra's shortest route algorithm. This embodiment uses commercial AMPL / Gurobi (version 12.0.1) to solve the established ILP model. When solving the ILP model, the relative optimal gap (MIPGAP) of mixed integer programming is set to 0.01% to ensure a balance between near-optimal results and computational efficiency. The ILP model sets... This speeds up the optimizer's solution process.

[0317] Table 1. Capacity and Physical Distance of a Single FS under Different Modulation Formats

[0318] Modulation format FS capacity (Gb / s) Accessible physical distance (km) BPSK 100 4000 QPSK 200 2000 8-QAM 300 1000

[0319] Figure 7(a) shows the number of frequency slots (FS) and transceivers used in a 3-node network with and without traffic routing, and Figure 7(b) shows the number of frequency slots (FS) and transceivers used in a 4-node network with and without traffic routing. The results show that the linear programming ILP model proposed in this embodiment can run smoothly and the results are correct. The FSDM network under the traffic routing mechanism is significantly better than the one without the traffic routing mechanism in terms of spectrum utilization and the number of transceivers used. This is because the traffic routing mechanism includes IP layer traffic routing and optical layer service aggregation. Without the traffic routing mechanism, services directly allocate spatial hyperchannels (Spa SCh) according to the required frequency slots (FS), resulting in a large amount of wasted frequency slots (FS), thereby reducing spectrum utilization efficiency and transceiver redundancy. In addition, this embodiment found that the performance of the 4-node network is significantly better than that of the 3-node network. As the number of services increases and the network topology dimension expands, the introduction of the spatial dimension in the FSDM network leads to more obvious spectrum waste, which allows the proposed IP-over-FSDM network architecture and traffic routing mechanism to play a greater optimization role.

[0320] Example 2

[0321] This embodiment provides a system for improving the efficiency of FSDM network resource utilization, including:

[0322] The first building module is used to construct an IP-over-FSDM network architecture, which includes an IP layer and an FSDM optical layer.

[0323] The second building module is used to construct a hybrid traffic routing mechanism based on the IP-over-FSDM network architecture. The hybrid traffic routing mechanism includes a single-hop path service routing mechanism and a multi-hop path service routing mechanism. The single-hop path service routing mechanism is used to aggregate service traffic between the same node pairs at the IP layer to the corresponding spectrum block at the FSDM optical layer. The multi-hop path service routing mechanism is used to aggregate service traffic between different node pairs at the IP layer, so that they can share the common spectrum block at the FSDM optical layer through relays at intermediate IP nodes.

[0324] Optimization module: This module is used to optimize the operation of the hybrid traffic routing mechanism in the IP-over-FSDM network architecture using an integer linear programming model. The integer linear programming model aims to minimize the number of occupied frequency slots and the number of transceivers used during the optimization process, and constructs constraints to improve the resource utilization efficiency of the FSDM network.

[0325] Example 3

[0326] This embodiment provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method for improving the utilization efficiency of FSDM network resources as described in Embodiment 1.

[0327] Example 4

[0328] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method for improving the utilization efficiency of FSDM network resources as described in Embodiment 1.

[0329] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The solutions in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in various computer languages, such as the object-oriented programming language Java and the interpreted scripting language JavaScript.

[0330] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0331] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0332] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0333] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0334] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the resource utilization efficiency of a FSDM network, characterized in that: include: Step S1: Construct an IP-over-FSDM network architecture, which includes an IP layer and an FSDM optical layer; Step S2: Construct a hybrid traffic routing mechanism based on the IP-over-FSDM network architecture. The hybrid traffic routing mechanism includes a single-hop path service routing mechanism and a multi-hop path service routing mechanism. The single-hop path service routing mechanism is used to aggregate service traffic between the same node pairs at the IP layer to the corresponding spectrum block at the FSDM optical layer. The multi-hop path service routing mechanism is used to aggregate service traffic between different node pairs at the IP layer, so that they can share the common spectrum block at the FSDM optical layer through relays at intermediate IP nodes. Step S3: Optimize the operation of the hybrid traffic routing mechanism in the IP-over-FSDM network architecture using an integer linear programming model. The integer linear programming model aims to minimize the number of occupied frequency slots and the number of transceivers used during the optimization process, and constructs constraints to improve the resource utilization efficiency of the FSDM network. Step S3 optimizes the hybrid traffic routing mechanism in the IP-over-FSDM network architecture using an integer linear programming model, including constructing an optimization objective, expressed as: （1）； wherein, is a weight, number of occupied FSs in the network; total number of transceivers used; The construction constraints include: constructing constraints on the IP layer, constructing a first conversion constraint on the conversion from the IP layer to the FSDM optical layer, constructing a second conversion constraint on the conversion from the IP layer to the FSDM optical layer, constructing a FS summation constraint in the FSDM optical layer, constructing a first constraint on the transceiver in the FSDM optical layer, constructing a second constraint on the transceiver in the FSDM optical layer, and constructing a third constraint on the transceiver in the FSDM optical layer.

2. The method for improving FSDM network resource utilization efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constraints regarding the IP layer are as follows: First constraint: Business flow splitting and linearization, expressed as: （2）； （3）； in, For the parent business , To divert sub-businesses, For business Available flow For business Bandwidth traffic; For if business Traffic diverted to sub-business The value is 1 if it is 1, otherwise it is 0. For business Traffic diverted to sub-business The offloading bandwidth; For a set of business functions; For business Corresponding sub-business set; The second constraint: Sub-business path selection constraint, expressed as: （4）； （5）； （6）； in, Indicates if business Sub-business Select route If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. It is the maximum value. To determine business Sub-business Do you want to select a space selection method? ; A set of selection methods for spatial channels; Third constraint: Routing and modulation formats must be consistent, expressed as: （7）； in, Indicates if business Sub-business The modulation format is If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates if business Sub-business Select route If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. If path Select modulation format If the value is 1, then the value is 0; For subsidiary businesses , Corresponding alternative route set; It can provide a set of modulation formats for the network.

3. The method for improving the utilization efficiency of FSDM network resources according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first conversion constraint for converting the IP layer to the FSDM optical layer is as follows: Fourth constraint: Sub-business The corresponding uplink routing uses consistency, represented as follows: （8）； （9）； in, Indicates if business Sub-business Optical channel in path link If the value is 1, then the value is 1; otherwise, the value is 0. For business Sub-business Optional routes ; For routing The included links ; Indicates routing Includes a set of links; For routing The included links ; For routing The included links ; Fifth constraint: The number of File Systems (FS) required to map IP layer service traffic to the optical layer, expressed as: （10）； （11）； in, Indicates the spatial channel selection method Corresponding space dimensions; Indicates business Sub-business In the path Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel Required number of FS; Representing a path Corresponding to the highest modulation efficiency; This represents the size of the basic frequency band corresponding to one FS; Sixth constraint: Sub-business Use routing and links Triggering conditions used: （12）； （13）； in, Indicates business Sub-business In the path link Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel Required number of FS; Representation of space selection method Lower First Space Passage; Representation of space selection method Lower Second Space Passage; Indicates business Sub-business In the path link Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel Occupied spectrum block starting frequency slot index value; Indicates business Sub-business In the path link Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel Occupied spectrum block starting frequency slot index value; Seventh constraint: Sub-business In routing Using modulation format Required number of FS , is represented as: （14）； （15）； （16）； in, Indicates business Sub-business In the path Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel Using modulation format Required number of FS; Indicates business Sub-business In the path Using modulation format The number of FS required.

4. The method for improving the resource utilization efficiency of FSDM networks according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second conversion constraint for converting from the IP layer to the FSDM optical layer is as follows: Eighth constraint: Sub-business The spectral continuity of an optical path is expressed as: （17）； （18）； （19）； in, Indicates business Sub-business In the path Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel The index value of the end of the frequency slot of the occupied spectrum block; Indicates business Sub-business In path p Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel The starting frequency slot index value of the occupied spectrum block; Indicates if business Sub-business path via link If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates the number of file systems that can be supported on the link; Ninth constraint: Non-overlapping spectrum of optical paths: business Sub-business With business Sub-business The spectra do not overlap : （20）； （21）； in, Indicates if business Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value of the reserved spectrum is greater than the service frequency slot index value. Sub-business path The starting frequency slot index value for the reserved spectrum; Indicates if business Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value of the reserved spectrum is greater than the service frequency slot index value. Sub-business path The starting frequency slot index value for the reserved spectrum is 1 if it is set to 1, and 0 otherwise. Indicates business Corresponding sub-business set; Indicates business Corresponding sub-business Optional route set; Indicates business Sub-business In the path Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel The index value of the end of the frequency slot of the occupied spectrum block; Indicates business Sub-business In path p Select Space Selection Method Lower Space Channel The starting frequency slot index value of the occupied spectrum block; Indicates if business Sub-business path via link If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates if business Sub-business path via link If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates if business Sub-business Do you want to select a space selection method? If the result is positive, then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates if business Sub-business Do you want to select a space selection method? Then the value is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Tenth constraint: Business Sub-business With sub-business The spectra do not overlap : （22）； （23）； in, Indicates if business Sub-business , in the path The starting frequency slot index value of the reserved spectrum is greater than the service frequency slot index value. Sub-business , in path The starting frequency slot index value for the reserved spectrum is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates if business Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value of the reserved spectrum is greater than the service frequency slot index value. Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value for the reserved spectrum is set to 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates business Corresponding sub-business Optional route set; Indicates business Corresponding sub-business Optional route set; Indicates if business Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value of the reserved spectrum is greater than the service frequency slot index value. Sub-business In the path The starting frequency slot index value for the reserved spectrum is set to 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates routing Includes a set of links; Indicates routing Includes a set of links.

5. The method for improving the resource utilization efficiency of FSDM networks according to claim 4, characterized in that: The constraint for summing FS in the FSDM optical layer is as follows: Eleventh constraint: Calculate the total number of frequency slots (FS) used by the network: （24）； in, This indicates the number of filesystems (FS) occupied in the network.

6. The method for improving the resource utilization efficiency of FSDM networks according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first constraint regarding the transceiver in the FSDM optical layer is: Twelfth constraint: Constraint (25) indicates that the modulation format is path Aggregate on FS: （25）； in, The modulation format is indicated as The path is Total number of FS required; Thirteenth constraint: Constraint conditions (26-27) determine the modulation format as follows. path Use or not: （26）； （27）； in, The modulation format is indicated as path Whether it is used; Fourteenth Constraint: Constraint Conditions (28-29) Determine the Path Use or not: （28）； （29）； in, Indicates the path to be judged Whether it is used; Fifteenth Constraint: Constraint Condition (30) Determines the Path Should a transceiver be assigned? : （30）； in, Indicates the path to be judged Assign to transmitter If used, it is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Represents an integer; Sixteenth constraint: Constraint conditions (31-32) determine the path. At the node Is a transceiver used? : （31）； （32）； in, Indicates the path to be judged Should a transmitter be used? The value is 1 if used, otherwise it is 0; Representing a path starting point; Indicates business Sub-business In the path Number of FS; Representing a path end; Seventeenth constraint: Constraint condition (33) represents the node Transceiver Match a modulation format : （33）； in, Indicates the decision node The modulation format is transmitter Whether it is used; if used, it is 1, otherwise it is 0. Indicates the decision node The modulation format is receiver Whether it is used; if used, it is 1, otherwise it is 0. Indicates the number of transceivers under different modulation formats; Eighteenth constraint: Constraints (34-35) represent the path. Modulation used Its transceiver modulation format is consistent with that of the source and destination nodes: （34）； （35）； in, Indicates the path to be judged Assign to transmitter If used, it is 1; otherwise, it is 0. Indicates the path to be judged Is it assigned to the receiver? The value is 1 if used, otherwise it is 0; The modulation format is indicated as path Whether it is being used.

7. The method for improving the utilization efficiency of FSDM network resources according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second constraint regarding the transceiver in the FSDM optical layer is as follows: Nineteenth constraint: Linearization of constraint conditions (36-37) , AND linearization, if path Assigned transceiver Then the corresponding modulation format is assigned as follows: transceiver : （36）； （37）； in, The ternary product represents the transmitter's carrying capacity constraint; The ternary product representing the receiver's carrying capacity constraint; 20th Constraint: Linearization of Constraints (38-39) , The modulation format is calculated as follows: path Number of FS used At the nodes representing the start and end points Whether to use modulation format transceiver : = （38）； = （39）； in, Indicates the number of FS used by the transmitter; ; The modulation format is indicated as The path is Total number of FS required; Constraint 21: Constraint (40-41) indicates that if the path At the nodes representing the start and end points The modulation format used is transceiver The total number of FS they use cannot exceed the transceiver's. Number of individual FS available: （40）； （41）； in, This indicates the number of frequency slots (FS) that each transceiver can support; The 22nd constraint: Constraint (42) indicates that if node The modulation format used is transceiver The total number of FS they use cannot exceed the transceiver's. Total number of FS available: （42）； The 23rd constraint: Constraint conditions (43-44) indicate that if the nodes representing the start and end points... The modulation format used is transceiver The modulation format is then path Select this transceiver: （43）； （44）。 8. The method for improving the utilization efficiency of FSDM network resources according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third constraint regarding the transceiver in the FSDM optical layer is as follows:

24. Constraint (45): Calculate the total number of transceivers used in the FSDM network. （45）。 9. A system for improving the utilization efficiency of FSDM network resources, used to implement the method for improving the utilization efficiency of FSDM network resources as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: include: The first building module is used to construct an IP-over-FSDM network architecture, which includes an IP layer and an FSDM optical layer. The second building module is used to construct a hybrid traffic routing mechanism based on the IP-over-FSDM network architecture. The hybrid traffic routing mechanism includes a single-hop path service routing mechanism and a multi-hop path service routing mechanism. The single-hop path service routing mechanism is used to aggregate service traffic between the same node pairs at the IP layer to the corresponding spectrum block at the FSDM optical layer. The multi-hop path service routing mechanism is used to aggregate service traffic between different node pairs at the IP layer, so that they can share the common spectrum block at the FSDM optical layer through relays at intermediate IP nodes. Optimization module: This module is used to optimize the operation of the hybrid traffic routing mechanism in the IP-over-FSDM network architecture using an integer linear programming model. The integer linear programming model aims to minimize the number of occupied frequency slots and the number of transceivers used during the optimization process, and constructs constraints to improve the resource utilization efficiency of the FSDM network.

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