A large-torque tightening gun counterforce tool

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of automatic tightening and assembly technology. To address the problems of low efficiency and large torque accuracy deviation in traditional tightening methods, a high-torque tightening gun reaction tooling is provided. The tooling includes a tightening gun, a bearing housing, and a reaction tooling assembly. The tightening gun has several splines on its outer ring. The bearing housing is hollow and contains two deep groove ball bearings. Bearing end caps are provided at the ends of the bearing housings to restrict the axial movement of the deep groove ball bearings along the bearing housing. Expansion sleeves are embedded in the inner rings of the two deep groove ball bearings to ensure a tight fit between the bearings and the tightening gun. The reaction tooling assembly includes a reaction rod and a reaction arm. The reaction rod and reaction arm are threadedly connected, with one end of the reaction rod abutting against the workpiece. The reaction arm has several spline grooves that engage with corresponding splines to transmit the torque generated during tightening. This tooling can absorb the reaction force during the tightening process, improving operational safety and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of automatic tightening and assembly technology, and particularly relates to a high-torque tightening gun reaction tool. Background Technology

[0002] The tightening gun reaction tooling originates from the demand for high-precision, high-stability bolt tightening operations in industrial assembly. With the increasing automation and intelligence of production, traditional manual tightening methods have gradually revealed the following technical limitations: Traditional tightening tools generate a reaction force when applying torque, requiring operators to physically resist or use simple supports to disperse this force. This not only reduces work efficiency but also easily leads to torque accuracy deviations (±25%-40%). In high-end fields such as automotive manufacturing and aerospace, the clamping force accuracy requirements for bolt connections are extremely high. Research shows that only 10% of the torque can be converted into effective clamping force, with the remaining energy consumed in the friction pair. Conventional tools cannot monitor the torque-angle relationship in real time, making it difficult to meet process traceability requirements. Under the trend of intelligent manufacturing, assembly lines require equipment to have the ability to work collaboratively with robots. Traditional reaction devices are mostly rigid structures, unable to adapt to the needs of flexible production, and lack efficient linkage interfaces with servo control systems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a high-torque tightening gun reaction tool that improves work efficiency and applicability.

[0004] This invention provides a high-torque tightening gun reaction tooling, including a tightening gun, a bearing housing, and a reaction tooling assembly;

[0005] The outer ring of the tightening gun has several splines;

[0006] The bearing housing has a hollow structure, and two deep groove ball bearings are installed inside the bearing housing. The bearing end cap is provided at the end of the bearing housing. The bearing end cap is used to restrict the axial movement of the deep groove ball bearings along the bearing housing. The inner rings of the two deep groove ball bearings are fitted with shrink sleeves, which are used to make the deep groove ball bearings and the tightening gun form a tight fit.

[0007] The reaction tooling assembly includes a reaction rod and a reaction arm. The reaction rod and the reaction arm are threaded together, and one end of the reaction rod abuts against the workpiece. The reaction arm is provided with several spline grooves, which are fitted with several splines to transmit the torque generated when the tightening gun is working.

[0008] Optionally, it also includes a locking assembly, which is disposed on the outer side wall of the bearing housing and distributed along the circumference of the bearing housing. The clamping end of the locking assembly is disposed corresponding to the axial position of the expansion sleeve, and is used to form a radial clamping and fixing of the gun body of the tightening gun that passes through the expansion sleeve.

[0009] Optionally, the locking assembly includes a fixed seat, a clamping block, and an adjusting assembly. The fixed seat is connected to a bearing seat, the clamping block is slidably disposed on the side of the fixed seat facing the tightening gun, and the adjusting assembly passes through the fixed seat and is throttle-connected to the clamping block. The adjusting assembly is used to drive the clamping block to move in a direction closer to or further away from the tightening gun to adjust the clamping tension.

[0010] Optionally, a buffer is provided at the end of the reaction rod away from the reaction arm, and the buffer abuts against the workpiece.

[0011] Optionally, a flexible element is provided at the end of the buffer facing the workpiece.

[0012] Optionally, the reaction arm has at least two mounting holes for mounting reaction rods, and the mounting holes are spaced apart along the length of the reaction arm.

[0013] Optionally, the reaction rod is threaded with two nuts, which are respectively set at both ends along the axial direction of the mounting hole. Loosening the two nuts and rotating the reaction rod can adjust the extension length of the reaction rod relative to the reaction arm.

[0014] Optionally, a spacer is provided between the two deep groove ball bearings to adjust the axial clearance or preload between the two deep groove ball bearings.

[0015] Optionally, the tightening gun is provided with an interface at the end, which is used to switch between different sizes of bolt sleeves to adapt to the tightening of bolts of different sizes.

[0016] Optionally, it also includes a mounting plate, one side of which is connected to the outer periphery of the bearing housing, and the other side of which is connected to an external power assist device.

[0017] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0018] This invention provides a high-torque tightening gun reaction tooling. The tightening gun and the reaction arm are splinedly connected, forming a reaction force transmission path from the tightening gun, reaction arm, reaction rod to the workpiece. This transmits all the reverse force generated during high-torque tightening to the fixed workpiece, avoiding the operator having to endure torque backlash, reducing the impact of tool vibration on the operator's arm, and reducing the risk of occupational injury. The interference fit of the expansion sleeve eliminates the fit clearance, the surface contact force transmission of the spline groove avoids stress concentration, and the two deep groove ball bearings can suppress tool runout. The synergistic effect of the expansion sleeve, spline groove, and deep groove ball bearings ensures that the torque transmission deviation is reduced, ensuring torque transmission accuracy and reducing the probability of defects such as stripping and floating lock. At the same time, the expansion sleeve can be quickly tightened or unlocked by tightening or loosening the end face bolts. The installation or replacement of the tightening gun can be completed without disassembling the bearing seat or the reaction arm, which improves the adaptability of this tooling and reduces the cost of equipment replacement. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-torque tightening gun reaction tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the bearing end cap and the reaction arm according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the bearing housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] The components include: 1. Mounting plate; 2. Bearing housing; 3. Expansion sleeve; 4. Locking assembly; 5. Reaction rod; 6. Reaction arm; 7. Buffer; 8. Bearing end cover; 9. Spacer; 10. Deep groove ball bearing; 11. Mounting hole; 12. Tightening gun. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the solutions of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0026] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention, but the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-torque tightening gun reaction tooling, including a tightening gun 12, a bearing seat 2, a reaction tooling assembly, a locking component 4, and a mounting plate 1.

[0028] The mounting plate 1 connects the bearing housing 2 and the external power supply device. The bearing housing 2 is a hollow structure, and two deep groove ball bearings 10 are installed inside it. A bearing end cap 8 is provided at the end of the bearing housing 2 to restrict the axial movement of the deep groove ball bearings 10 along the bearing housing 2. An expansion sleeve 3 is embedded in the inner ring of each of the two deep groove ball bearings 10. The expansion sleeve 3 is tightened by end face bolts, radially expanding the expansion sleeve 3 to achieve a zero-clearance interference fit between the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing 10 and the outer circumferential surface of the tightening gun 12, completely eliminating clearance and ensuring torque stability. The torque is transmitted losslessly from the tightening gun 12 to the reaction arm 6. The reaction tooling assembly includes a reaction rod 5 and a reaction arm 6. The reaction rod 5 and the reaction arm 6 are threadedly connected, and one end of the reaction rod 5 abuts against the workpiece. The reaction arm 6 is provided with several spline grooves, which are matched with several splines to transmit the torque generated when the tightening gun 12 is working. The tightening gun 12 and the reaction arm 6 are splinedly connected, realizing the surface contact transmission of torque reaction force, avoiding the point contact stress concentration problem caused by traditional pin connection or bolt connection, and can withstand a larger peak torque.

[0029] Furthermore, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the locking assembly 4 is disposed on the outer wall of the bearing seat 2 and distributed circumferentially along the bearing seat 2. The clamping end of the locking assembly 4 is disposed corresponding to the axial position of the expansion sleeve 3, and is used to form radial clamping and fixing of the body of the tightening gun 12 that passes through the expansion sleeve 3. Specifically, the locking assembly 4 includes a fixed seat, a clamping block and an adjusting assembly. The fixed seat is connected to the bearing seat 2. The clamping block is slidably disposed on the side of the fixed seat facing the tightening gun 12. The adjusting assembly passes through the fixed seat and is connected to the clamping block in a driving connection. The adjusting assembly is used to drive the clamping block to move in a direction close to or away from the tightening gun 12 to adjust the clamping tension. The cooperation between the locking assembly 4 and the expansion sleeve 3 realizes the stable clamping of the body of the tightening gun 12. By adjusting the clamping tension of the locking assembly, the angle and posture of the tightening gun 12 can be adjusted.

[0030] As can be seen, the expansion sleeve 3 can achieve rapid expansion or unlocking by tightening or loosening the end face bolts, and the installation or replacement of the tightening gun 12 can be completed without disassembling the bearing seat 2 or the reaction arm 6. The locking component 4 can be adapted to tightening guns 12 of different diameters by adjusting the clamping tension. When replacing with a high-torque tightening gun 12 of different models and diameters, only the expansion sleeve 3 and the locking component 4 need to be operated, without disassembling the entire tooling. It has high adaptability and reduces the cost of equipment replacement.

[0031] Reference Figure 3As shown, a spacer 9 is provided between the two deep groove ball bearings 10. The spacer is annular, and its outer circumferential surface is adapted to the inner circumferential surface of the bearing housing 2. The two end faces of the spacer 9 are respectively fitted with the opposite end faces of the two deep groove ball bearings 10. The spacer 9 is used to adjust the axial clearance or preload between the two deep groove ball bearings 10. The axial length of the spacer 9 can be selected according to the axial clearance requirements of the deep groove ball bearings 10. It is used to compensate for the dimensional deviation between the bearing housing 2 and the deep groove ball bearings 10, realize precise assembly, solve the problem of large radial runout and torque transmission offset that are easy to occur in traditional single bearing structures, and ensure the stability of the tool posture during tightening.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 As shown, a buffer 7 is provided at the end of the reaction rod 5 away from the reaction arm 6, and the buffer 7 abuts against the workpiece. A flexible part is provided at the end of the buffer 7 facing the workpiece, which avoids rigid contact between the reaction rod 5 and the workpiece and reduces scratches and impacts on the workpiece.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the reaction arm 6 has at least two mounting holes 11 for mounting the reaction rod 5. The mounting holes 11 are spaced apart along the length of the reaction arm 6. Specifically, for different workpiece bolt mounting positions, the corresponding mounting holes 11 can be selected to fix the reaction rod 5, so that the buffer 7 connected to the reaction rod 5 can be in vertical contact or fit against the workpiece surface at the optimal force angle, thereby avoiding the reaction rod 5 being subjected to oblique force due to an unsuitable angle, ensuring that the reaction force is transmitted along the axial direction of the reaction rod 5, thus ensuring the stability of the reaction force transmission. At the same time, the position of the mounting holes 11 determines the lever arm length of the reaction rod 5. Different lever arm lengths are suitable for different torque scenarios. Selecting the mounting hole 11 corresponding to the shorter lever arm, that is, the mounting hole 11 close to the axis of the tightening gun 12, can improve the rigidity of the reaction force transmission, avoid the reaction rod 5 from bending deformation or vibration due to excessive lever arm, and ensure the structural stability under high torque.

[0034] Furthermore, the reaction rod 5 is threaded with two nuts, which are respectively set at both ends along the axial direction of the mounting hole 11. The nuts and the threaded engagement of the reaction rod 5 have a locking and positioning function. When the nuts are tightened, the position of the reaction rod 5 relative to the reaction arm 6 can be fixed to prevent the reaction rod 5 from axially moving or rotating during operation, thus ensuring the stability of the reaction force transmission. When the two nuts are loosened, the reaction rod 5 can be freely rotated and adjusted. Since the reaction rod 5 and the reaction arm 6 are threadedly engaged, when the reaction rod 5 is rotated, the helical transmission of the thread will convert the rotational motion into axial linear motion, thereby adjusting the extension length of the reaction rod 5 relative to the reaction arm 6 to adapt to workpieces of different heights.

[0035] The tightening gun 12 has an interface at its end, which is used to switch between different specifications of bolt sleeves to adapt to the tightening of bolts of different sizes. The reaction arm 6 and the tightening gun 12 can be quickly replaced by a spline. The interface at the end of the tightening gun 12 supports the quick switching of different specifications of bolt sleeves, which improves the applicability of this tooling.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0037] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A large torque gun counterforce tool, characterized by, Includes a tightening gun (12), a bearing housing (2), a locking assembly (4), and a reaction tooling assembly; The outer ring of the tightening gun (12) has several splines; The bearing housing (2) is a hollow structure. Two deep groove ball bearings (10) are installed inside the bearing housing (2). The bearing end cap (8) is installed at the end of the bearing housing (2). The bearing end cap (8) is used to restrict the deep groove ball bearings (10) from moving along the axial direction of the bearing housing (2). The inner rings of the two deep groove ball bearings (10) are fitted with expansion sleeves (3). The expansion sleeves (3) are used to make the deep groove ball bearings (10) and the tightening gun (12) form a tight fit. The locking assembly (4) is disposed on the outer side wall of the bearing seat (2) and distributed along the circumference of the bearing seat (2). The clamping end of the locking assembly (4) is disposed in accordance with the axial position of the expansion sleeve (3) and is used to form radial clamping and fixing of the gun body of the tightening gun (12) passing through the expansion sleeve (3). The locking assembly (4) includes a fixed seat, a clamping block and an adjusting assembly. The fixed seat is connected to the bearing seat (2). The clamping block is slidably disposed on the side of the fixed seat facing the tightening gun (12). The adjusting assembly passes through the fixed seat and is connected to the clamping block in a transmission manner. The adjusting assembly is used to drive the clamping block to move in a direction close to or away from the tightening gun (12) to adjust the clamping tension. The reaction tooling assembly includes a reaction rod (5) and a reaction arm (6). The reaction rod (5) is threadedly connected to the reaction arm (6), and one end of the reaction rod (5) abuts against the workpiece. The reaction arm (6) has at least two mounting holes (11) for mounting the reaction rod (5). Each mounting hole (11) is spaced apart along the length of the reaction arm (6). The reaction arm (6) is provided with several spline grooves, which are fitted with several splines to transmit the torque generated when the tightening gun (12) is working.

2. The high-torque tightening gun reaction tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the reaction rod (5) away from the reaction arm (6) is provided with a buffer (7), and the buffer (7) abuts against the workpiece.

3. The high-torque tightening gun reaction tooling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The buffer (7) has a flexible part at the end facing the workpiece.

4. The high-torque tightening gun reaction tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction rod (5) is threaded with two nuts, which are respectively set at both ends of the mounting hole (11) axially. Loosen the two nuts and rotate the reaction rod (5) to adjust the extension length of the reaction rod (5) relative to the reaction arm (6).

5. The high-torque tightening gun reaction tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, A spacer (9) is provided between the two deep groove ball bearings (10). The spacer (9) is used to adjust the axial clearance or preload between the two deep groove ball bearings (10).

6. The high-torque tightening gun reaction tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the tightening gun (12) is provided with an interface for switching between different specifications of bolt sleeves to adapt to the tightening operation of bolts of different sizes.

7. The high-torque tightening gun reaction tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a mounting plate (1), one side of which is connected to the outer periphery of the bearing housing (2), and the other side of which is connected to an external power supply device.

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