Elliptical surface high-precision manufacturing device and method

Abstract

The application relates to an ellipsoidal surface high-precision manufacturing device and method, which comprises an assembling platform, a lifting appliance, ellipsoidal surface machining equipment and a positioning tool; the positioning tool comprises a tool base and a guide seat, a supporting block, an annular cushion block and a support fixed on the tool base; after the to-be-machined film tire and the positioning tool are assembled on the assembling platform, the film tire is hoisted to the ellipsoidal surface machining equipment through the lifting appliance to be manufactured. The application solves the problems of insufficient tool assembling precision, part positioning deviation, large size error and poor surface quality caused by non-uniform film tire installation reference in the existing ellipsoidal surface manufacturing process, provides an innovative solution for ellipsoidal surface component machining with high precision requirements in the fields of aerospace, precision instruments and high-end equipment, and effectively fills the precision short board of high-end ellipsoidal surface manufacturing technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical manufacturing technology, specifically to a high-precision manufacturing device and method for ellipsoidal surfaces, applicable to manufacturing scenarios with high precision requirements for ellipsoidal surface parts, such as the processing and production of ellipsoidal surface components in aerospace, precision instruments, and high-end equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, ellipsoidal parts are widely used in various key equipment due to their unique geometric characteristics and excellent mechanical properties. However, the special structural features of ellipsoidal surfaces pose many challenges to their manufacturing process, especially in ensuring manufacturing precision.

[0003] Currently, existing methods for manufacturing ellipsoidal surfaces often suffer from problems during processing, such as insufficient tooling assembly precision, inaccurate positioning between components, and inconsistent reference points during membrane installation. These issues result in significant dimensional and shape deviations in the final manufactured ellipsoidal surfaces, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision equipment for ellipsoidal surface parts. For example, the lack of effective positioning and adjustment methods during the assembly of the tooling base and related components easily leads to large relative positional deviations between components. Furthermore, if the flushness accuracy between the membrane step plane and the mounting surface cannot be guaranteed during membrane installation, it directly affects the accuracy of subsequent ellipsoidal surface machining, thereby reducing the overall quality and performance of the ellipsoidal surface part and failing to meet the demands of high-end applications for high-precision ellipsoidal surface parts.

[0004] Therefore, developing a method that can effectively improve the assembly and positioning accuracy of various components, ensure the flush installation accuracy of the membrane tire, and thus achieve high-precision manufacturing of ellipsoidal surfaces has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of mechanical manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a high-precision manufacturing device and method for ellipsoidal surfaces.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A high-precision manufacturing device for ellipsoidal surfaces includes an assembly platform, a lifting device, an ellipsoidal surface processing equipment, and a positioning fixture. The positioning fixture includes a fixture base and a guide seat, a support block, an annular pad, and a support fixed on the fixture base. The bottom surface of the support block is in contact with the bottom mounting surface of the guide seat, and the top of the support block is flush with the top of the annular pad. The annular pad is located outside the guide seat. An inner lifting support and an outer lifting support are fixed above the support block and the annular pad, respectively. The support is located outside the outer lifting support, and the side of the support is perpendicular to the reference plane of the fixture base. The mold to be processed is fixed on the fixture base. After the mold to be processed and the positioning fixture are assembled on the assembly platform, they are lifted onto the ellipsoidal surface processing equipment by the lifting device for manufacturing.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are: It solves the problems of insufficient tooling assembly accuracy, component positioning deviation, and large dimensional errors and poor surface quality caused by inconsistent membrane installation benchmarks in the existing ellipsoidal surface manufacturing process. It provides an innovative solution for the processing of ellipsoidal surface components with stringent precision requirements in aerospace, precision instruments, high-end equipment and other fields, and effectively fills the precision gap in high-end ellipsoidal surface manufacturing technology.

[0008] Furthermore, the membrane substrate to be processed includes membrane substrate I, membrane substrate II, and membrane substrate III, which are fixedly connected to the inner lifting support, outer lifting support, and support, respectively. This zoned fixing enhances the stability of the membrane substrate, preventing localized deformation caused by insufficient rigidity of the overall membrane substrate, ensuring that the flatness error of the membrane substrate after installation is ≤0.03mm. Moreover, the one-to-one correspondence design between the membrane substrate and its corresponding support ensures that the installation reference of each membrane substrate unit completely coincides with the positioning reference of the lifting support and the support, eliminating step errors at the membrane substrate splicing points, and improving the contour accuracy of the ellipsoidal surface processing to ±0.08mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the tooling base is provided with screw holes corresponding to the mounting holes on the guide seat and the mounting screw holes on the annular pad, and pin holes corresponding to the positioning pin holes on the guide seat. This ensures that the alignment accuracy of the screw holes between the guide seat and the tooling base is ≤0.03mm, and the coaxiality error of the pin holes is ≤0.01mm, providing a precise foundation for subsequent tapered pin positioning and bolt fixing.

[0010] Furthermore, both the inner and outer lifting supports are pre-set with mounting grooves, and guide bearings are installed in the mounting grooves. The pre-set guide bearings in the mounting grooves of the inner and outer lifting supports reduce the coefficient of friction during the lifting support's movement, improving the lifting stability of the lifting support by 40%, preventing tilting of the lifting support due to uneven friction, and ensuring the horizontal accuracy of the membrane installation.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of both the inner and outer lifting supports are connected to the output end of the lifting cylinder. This ensures that the mounting bottom surface of the inner and outer lifting supports is completely in contact with the supporting surface, with a contact gap of ≤0.02mm, preventing the lifting supports from tilting due to uneven supporting surfaces and ensuring that the horizontal error of the lifting supports is ≤0.02mm / m.

[0012] A high-precision manufacturing method for ellipsoidal surfaces includes the following steps: S1. Preparation for tooling base installation Clean the assembly platform and place adjusting shims and spherical shims at the preset positions on the assembly platform; S2, Fixture base hoisting Hoist the tooling base to the top of the adjusting shims on the assembly platform, adjust its position so that the screw holes on the tooling base are aligned with the corresponding mounting holes on the adjusting shims and spherical shims, and then lower it down. S3, guide seat and related component assembly After hoisting the guide seat above the fixture base and aligning it precisely with the fixture base, assemble the support block and guide seat in sequence; S4. Pin hole fitting and tapered pin installation Using the positioning pin hole on the guide seat as a reference, make a pin hole on the tooling base and press in a tapered pin; S5, Annular pad fixing Hoist the annular pad above the fixture base and adjust its position so that the mounting screw holes on the annular pad are accurately aligned with the corresponding screw holes on the fixture base. After alignment, fix the two in place. S6. Machining of the top of the support block and the annular pad block The top surfaces of the support block and the annular pad are re-machined; S7, Guide Bearing Installation Install the guide bearing in the preset mounting slots on the inner and outer lifting supports and fix it in place; S8, inner and outer lifting support fixing Hoist the inner and outer lifting supports to the top of the support block, adjust their positions so that the mounting holes on the inner lifting support are accurately aligned with the corresponding screw holes on the support block, and then fix them in place. S9, Support Fixation Determine the installation position of the support on the tooling base, draw the installation reference line of the support on the tooling base, and fix the support after adjusting the installation accuracy; S10, Installation of the film-formed tire to be processed After cleaning the membrane to be processed, fix membrane III, membrane II, and membrane I to the support, outer lifting support, and inner lifting support respectively with bolts from the outside to the inside, and ensure that the step plane of membrane II is flush with the installation surface of membrane I with a tolerance of ±0.02mm. S11, Ellipsoidal Surface Machining The tooling base, after completing all the above assembly steps, is transferred as a whole to the ellipsoidal surface processing equipment, and the ellipsoidal surface is processed according to the preset process parameters.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S4, the pin hole is machined using a CNC drilling machine, and the diameter tolerance of the pin hole after machining is ±0.01mm, and the coaxiality error does not exceed 0.01mm.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S6, the top of the support block and the annular pad is machined using a CNC milling machine, which is performed in two stages: rough milling and finish milling. After finish milling, the surface flatness error is ≤0.1mm, the surface roughness Ra is ≤1.6μm, and the height dimension deviation is ±0.1mm.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S10, during the installation of the film to be processed, a dial indicator is used to monitor the flushing accuracy in real time, and the bolts are fixed by symmetrical synchronous tightening. After tightening, the flushing accuracy is checked again.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S11, the ellipsoidal surface is machined using a CNC machining center in conjunction with a ball end mill, and is carried out in three steps: roughing, semi-finishing, and finishing. During the machining process, a laser tracker detects dimensional deviations and adjusts parameters in real time. The final ellipsoidal surface dimensional accuracy is ±0.1mm, and the surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning tooling according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the positioning fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the guide bearing of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tooling base structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the guide seat structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the external lifting support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal lifting support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Tooling base, 2. Support block, 3. Guide seat, 31. Mounting hole, 32. Locating pin hole, 4. Support, 5. Outer lifting support, 6. Inner lifting support, 7. Membrane I, 8. Membrane II, 9. Membrane III, 10. Annular pad, 11. Inner guide bearing, 12. Outer guide bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0020] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this technology based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] In the description of this application, spatial relation terms such as "below," "under," "below," "below," "above," "over," etc., are used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figures and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figures, spatial relation terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figures is flipped, an element or feature described as "below" or "under" or "below" of other elements or features will be oriented "above" other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary terms "below" and "under" can include both upper and lower orientations. Furthermore, the device may also include other orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptive terms used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0022] In the description of this application, the term "for example" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration, or description." Any embodiment described as "for example" in this application is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. Details are set forth in the following description for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be made without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes will not be described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the invention with unnecessary detail. Therefore, the invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0023] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 7As shown, this embodiment provides a high-precision manufacturing device for ellipsoidal surfaces, including an assembly platform, a lifting fixture, an ellipsoidal surface processing equipment, and a positioning fixture. The positioning fixture includes a fixture base 1 and a guide seat 3, a support block 2, an annular pad 10, and a support 4 fixed on the fixture base 1. The bottom surface of the support block 2 is in contact with the bottom mounting surface of the guide seat 3, and the top of the support block 2 is flush with the top of the annular pad 10. The annular pad 10 is located outside the guide seat 3. An inner lifting support 6 and an outer lifting support 5 are fixed above the support block 2 and the annular pad 10, respectively. The support 4 is located outside the outer lifting support 5, and the side of the support 4 is perpendicular to the reference plane of the fixture base 1. The mold to be processed is fixed on the fixture base 1. After the mold to be processed and the positioning fixture are assembled on the assembly platform, they are lifted by the lifting fixture to the ellipsoidal surface processing equipment for manufacturing (the assembly platform, lifting fixture, and ellipsoidal surface processing equipment can all adopt existing technologies, such as an electric hoist for the lifting fixture and a five-axis linkage machining center for the ellipsoidal surface processing equipment). The purpose of this embodiment is to solve the problems of insufficient tooling assembly accuracy, component positioning deviation, large dimensional errors and poor surface quality caused by inconsistent membrane installation benchmarks in the existing ellipsoidal surface manufacturing process. It provides an innovative solution for the processing of ellipsoidal surface components with stringent accuracy requirements in aerospace, precision instruments, high-end equipment and other fields, and effectively fills the precision gap in high-end ellipsoidal surface manufacturing technology.

[0024] In this embodiment, the membrane substrate to be processed includes membrane substrate I7, membrane substrate II8, and membrane substrate III9, which are fixedly connected to the inner lifting support 6, the outer lifting support 5, and the support 4 respectively by bolts. This zoned fixing enhances the stability of the membrane substrate, preventing local deformation caused by insufficient rigidity of the overall membrane substrate, ensuring that the flatness error of the membrane substrate after installation is ≤0.03mm. Furthermore, the one-to-one correspondence design between the membrane substrate and the corresponding support 4 ensures that the installation reference of each membrane substrate unit completely coincides with the positioning reference of the lifting support and the support 4, eliminating step errors at the membrane substrate splicing points and improving the contour accuracy of the ellipsoidal surface processing to ±0.08mm.

[0025] In this embodiment, the tooling base 1 is provided with screw holes corresponding to the mounting holes 31 on the guide seat 3 and the mounting screw holes on the annular pad 10, and pin holes corresponding to the positioning pin holes 32 on the guide seat 3. This ensures that the alignment accuracy of the screw holes between the guide seat 3 and the tooling base 1 is ≤0.03mm, and the coaxiality error of the pin holes is ≤0.01mm, providing a precise foundation for subsequent tapered pin positioning and bolt fixing.

[0026] In this embodiment, both the inner lifting support 6 and the outer lifting support 5 are pre-set with mounting grooves, and the inner guide bearing 11 and the outer guide bearing 12 are respectively installed in the mounting grooves. The pre-set guide bearings in the mounting grooves of the inner and outer lifting supports 5 reduce the coefficient of friction during the movement of the lifting supports, improve the lifting stability of the lifting supports by 40%, avoid the tilting of the lifting supports caused by uneven friction, and ensure the horizontal accuracy of the membrane installation.

[0027] In this embodiment, the bottoms of both the inner lifting support 6 and the outer lifting support 5 are connected to the output end of the lifting cylinder. This ensures that the mounting bottom surfaces of the inner and outer lifting supports 5 are completely in contact with the supporting surface, with a contact gap of ≤0.02mm, preventing the lifting supports from tilting due to unevenness of the supporting surface and ensuring that the horizontality error of the lifting supports is ≤0.02mm / m.

[0028] Example 2 Based on Example 1, this example provides a high-precision manufacturing method for an ellipsoidal surface, including the following steps: S1. Base Installation Preparation First, the assembly platform is thoroughly cleaned to remove oil, dust, impurities, and other contaminants, ensuring a flat and clean surface to provide a stable and accurate reference plane for subsequent component installation. Next, appropriate shims and spherical shims are selected and cleaned. Following a pre-defined layout, the shims are evenly distributed around the perimeter of the assembly platform, while the spherical shims are positioned in the center, forming a stable support structure. The height difference between the top surfaces of the shims and spherical shims is controlled within 0.05mm, laying the foundation for the stable placement and height adjustment of the tooling base 1.

[0029] S2, Fixture base hoisting Hoist the fixture base 1 onto the pre-placed adjusting shims on the assembly platform, and slowly lower it. During the lowering process, adjust the position of the fixture base 1 in real time using visual observation and auxiliary measuring tools (such as a level and a measuring tape). Specifically, two operators will stand on either side of the fixture base 1, using a level to monitor its levelness and simultaneously using a measuring tape to measure the distance between each screw hole on the fixture base 1 and the corresponding mounting holes on the adjusting shims and spherical shims, gradually adjusting the position of the fixture base 1. This ensures that each screw hole on the fixture base 1 is accurately aligned with the corresponding mounting holes on the adjusting shims and spherical shims, guaranteeing that the fixture base 1 can be placed stably and accurately on the adjusting shims. At this point, the levelness error of the fixture base 1 should be controlled within 0.02 mm / m to avoid subsequent installation difficulties or affecting the overall assembly accuracy due to screw hole alignment deviations.

[0030] S3, guide seat and related component assembly Using hoisting equipment, the guide seat 3 is lifted above the tooling base 1. During hoisting, the guide seat 3 is kept horizontal and stable to prevent tilting or collision. Then, with manual assistance and measuring tools, the guide seat 3 is precisely aligned with the tooling base 1, ensuring that the mounting holes on the guide seat 3 completely coincide with the corresponding screw holes on the tooling base 1. After alignment, the support block 2, guide seat 3, and tooling base 1 are assembled in the preset assembly sequence. First, the support block 2 is placed in the preset installation position on the tooling base 1, and its position is adjusted to ensure a tight fit with the mounting surface of the guide seat 3, with a gap of 0.02mm where a feeler gauge cannot penetrate. Then, the support block 2, guide seat 3, and tooling base 1 are initially fixed with bolts to ensure accurate relative positions between components.

[0031] S4. Pin hole fitting and tapered pin installation Using the pre-machined pin hole on guide seat 3 as a reference, a precision machining equipment (such as a ZK5140 CNC drilling machine) is used to machine a pin hole on tooling base 1. During the machining process, the dimensional accuracy, positional accuracy, and surface roughness of the pin hole are strictly controlled to ensure that the coaxiality error between the machined pin hole on tooling base 1 and the pin hole on guide seat 3 does not exceed the preset range. A step-by-step machining method is adopted during machining: first, a pilot hole is drilled, then the hole is enlarged and reamed. After reaming, the coaxiality error between the pin hole on tooling base 1 and the pin hole on guide seat 3 is controlled within 0.01mm. After the pin hole is machined, the tapered pin is slowly pressed into the finished pin hole. During the pressing process, ensure that the tapered pin and the pin hole fit tightly without any loosening. The tapered pin achieves precise positioning of the guide seat 3 and the tooling base 1. After pressing, use a dial indicator to check the relative displacement between the guide seat 3 and the tooling base 1 to ensure that the displacement does not exceed 0.01mm. This further improves the connection accuracy and stability between the two and prevents accuracy deviations caused by relative displacement during subsequent processing.

[0032] S5, Annular pad fixing The annular pad 10 is hoisted to the top of the fixture base 1 using hoisting equipment. During hoisting, the level of the annular pad 10 is ensured to prevent deformation or damage. Then, the position of the annular pad 10 is adjusted so that the screw holes on the annular pad 10 are accurately aligned with the corresponding screw holes on the fixture base 1. After alignment, bolts are used to fix the annular pad 10 to the fixture base 1. During fixing, a diagonal tightening method is used, tightening in three stages. After each tightening, a dial indicator is used to check the fit gap between the annular pad 10 and the fixture base 1, ensuring the gap does not exceed 0.02mm. Tightening torque is gradually and evenly applied to ensure a tight and secure fit between the annular pad 10 and the fixture base 1, without gaps or looseness, thus guaranteeing the stability of the annular pad 10 during subsequent processing and use.

[0033] S6. Machining of the top of the support block and the annular pad block The tooling base 1, consisting of the assembled support block 2, guide seat 3, and annular pad 10, is transferred to a machining equipment (such as a CNC milling machine) for re-machining of the top surfaces of the support block 2 and annular pad 10. Before machining, the top surfaces of the support block 2 and annular pad 10 are aligned using a dial indicator, with the alignment error controlled within 0.02mm. During machining, according to the preset dimensional requirements and precision standards, precision machining is employed, with milling performed twice: rough milling and finish milling. After finish milling, the flatness error of the top surfaces of the support block 2 and annular pad 10 is controlled within 0.05mm, the surface roughness reaches Ra1.6μm, and the height deviation is controlled within ±0.05mm. This ensures that the top surfaces of the support block 2 and annular pad 10 are flat and smooth, and that the height dimensions meet the installation requirements of the subsequent inner and outer lifting supports, providing a reliable reference surface for the precise installation of subsequent components.

[0034] S7, Guide Bearing Installation Select guide bearings that meet design requirements, and clean and inspect their surfaces to ensure they are free of scratches, deformation, or other defects. Then, install the guide bearings into the pre-set mounting slots on the lifting support. During installation, ensure the clearance between the guide bearing and the mounting slot meets design requirements; the clearance should be 0.02mm, with a feeler gauge not penetrating. Secure the guide bearings with bolts to prevent displacement or detachment during lifting support movement, ensuring they function properly as guides.

[0035] S8, inner and outer lifting support fixing The inner and outer lifting supports are hoisted onto the support block 2 on the tooling base 1. The positions of the inner and outer lifting supports are adjusted to ensure accurate alignment between the mounting holes on the inner lifting support and the corresponding screw holes on the support block 2. Simultaneously, the levelness of the inner lifting support is checked using a level or other measuring tools, controlling the levelness error between the inner and outer lifting supports to within 0.02 mm / m. After alignment and leveling, the inner lifting support is fixed to the support block 2 using bolts. The bolts are tightened diagonally in three stages to prevent deformation of the inner lifting support due to excessive localized stress, ensuring a secure connection and accurate positioning between the inner lifting support and the support block 2, without any risk of loosening or displacement.

[0036] S9, Support Fixation According to the design drawings, determine the installation position of support 4 on the fixture base 1, and use a scribing tool to mark the installation reference line of support 4 on the fixture base 1. After placing support 4 at the marked position, use a right-angle ruler to check the perpendicularity of the side of support 4 to the reference surface of fixture base 1, ensuring that the perpendicularity error does not exceed 0.02mm / m. At the same time, attach a dial indicator to the surface of fixture base 1, with the contact tip touching the top surface of support 4, and slowly move the dial indicator to check the parallelism between the top surface of support 4 and the surface of fixture base 1. The parallelism error must be controlled within 0.01mm. If the perpendicularity or parallelism does not meet the standards, fine-tune by inserting precision copper sheets of different thicknesses at the bottom of support 4, and fix support 4 with bolts, ensuring that the fixing torque of each support 4 is consistent and that support 4 is not loose or tilted. After the installation accuracy of support 4 is adjusted, use bolts to fix support 4 to fixture base 1, ensuring that support 4 is firmly fixed and will not change position during subsequent membrane installation and ellipsoidal surface processing.

[0037] S10, Installation of the film-formed tire to be processed First, the membrane substrate to be processed is cleaned and inspected to ensure that its surface is free of impurities and damage, and that its dimensions and shape meet the design requirements. Then, following a sequence from the outside in, membrane substrates III9, II8, and I7 are sequentially fixed to support 4, the outer lifting support 5, and the inner lifting support 6 respectively using bolts. During the fixing process, precision measuring tools such as dial indicators are used to monitor the flushness of the step plane of the membrane substrate to be processed with the mounting surface of the membrane substrate on the inner lifting support. By adjusting the position of the membrane substrates and the tightness of the mounting bolts, it is ensured that the step plane of membrane substrate I7 ​​is flush with the mounting surface of membrane substrate II8 on the inner lifting support, with a flushness tolerance controlled within ±0.02mm. After the membrane substrates to be processed are fixed, a comprehensive inspection of their installation accuracy is conducted again to ensure they meet the requirements before completing the installation.

[0038] S11, Ellipsoidal Surface Machining After completing all the above assembly steps, the tooling base 1 is transferred as a whole to an ellipsoidal surface machining equipment (such as the worktable of a five-axis linkage machining center, with a ball end mill). According to the preset ellipsoidal surface machining process parameters and machining program, the ellipsoidal surface of the mold installed on the tooling base 1 is machined. The machining process adopts a three-step method of "rough machining - semi-finishing - finishing". In the roughing stage, a carbide turning tool (TiAlN coating) is used, with a cutting speed of 80–120 m / min, a feed rate of 0.2–0.5 mm / r, and a depth of cut of 4–8 mm. Most of the excess material is removed through layered cutting. In the semi-finishing stage, the cutting speed is 100–150 m / min, the feed rate is 0.1–0.25 mm / r, and the depth of cut is 1–2 mm to optimize the shape accuracy of the ellipsoidal surface. In the finishing stage, the cutting speed is 120–180 m / min, the feed rate is 0.05–0.15 mm / r, and the depth of cut is 0.1–0.3 mm. Constant linear velocity cutting is used to avoid surface roughness differences caused by fluctuations in linear velocity for different diameters of the ellipsoidal surface, and to reduce tool wear and machining thermal deformation. After all machining is completed, fixture base 1 is removed, and a laser tracker is used to perform a comprehensive inspection of the ellipsoidal surface.

[0039] This invention uses the pin hole of the guide seat 3 as a reference to match the pin hole of the tooling base 1 and press in the tapered pin, which realizes the precise positioning of the guide seat 3 and the tooling base 1, further enhancing the connection stability and accuracy between the two, and avoiding the accuracy deviation caused by relative displacement during subsequent processing; the top of the support block 2 and the annular pad block 10 are re-machined to ensure the flatness and height accuracy of their top surfaces, providing a reliable guarantee for the precise installation of the inner lifting support and the outer lifting support.

[0040] During the membrane installation process, this invention strictly controls the flushing accuracy between the membrane step plane and the membrane installation surface on the inner lifting support, with the tolerance controlled within ±0.02mm. This effectively avoids machining errors of the ellipsoidal surface caused by membrane installation deviations, ensuring the final manufacturing accuracy of the ellipsoidal surface and meeting the needs of high-precision ellipsoidal surface parts in high-end fields such as aerospace and precision instruments.

[0041] While embodiments or examples of this disclosure have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments or examples, and the scope of the invention is not limited by these embodiments or examples, but only by the granted claims and their equivalents. Various elements in the embodiments or examples may be omitted or replaced by their equivalents. Furthermore, the steps may be performed in a different order than that described in this disclosure. Further, various elements in the embodiments or examples may be combined in various ways. Importantly, as the technology evolves, many elements described herein can be replaced by equivalents that appear after this disclosure.

Claims

1. A high-precision manufacturing device for ellipsoidal surfaces, characterized in that, This includes assembly platforms, lifting devices, ellipsoidal surface processing equipment, and positioning fixtures; The positioning fixture includes a fixture base and a guide seat, a support block, an annular pad, and a support fixed on the fixture base. The bottom surface of the support block is in contact with the bottom mounting surface of the guide seat, and the top of the support block is flush with the top of the annular pad. The annular pad is located outside the guide seat. An inner lifting support and an outer lifting support are fixed above the support block and the annular pad, respectively. The support is located outside the outer lifting support, and the side of the support is perpendicular to the reference surface of the fixture base. The film to be processed is fixed on the fixture base. After the mold to be processed and the positioning fixture are assembled on the assembly platform, they are hoisted to the ellipsoidal surface processing equipment by a lifting device for manufacturing.

2. The high-precision manufacturing device for ellipsoidal surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The membrane to be processed includes membrane I, membrane II, and membrane III, which are fixedly connected to the inner lifting support, the outer lifting support, and the support, respectively.

3. The high-precision manufacturing device for ellipsoidal surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling base is provided with screw holes corresponding to the mounting holes on the guide seat and the mounting screw holes on the annular pad, and pin holes corresponding to the positioning pin holes on the guide seat.

4. The high-precision manufacturing device for ellipsoidal surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the inner and outer lifting supports are pre-set with mounting grooves, and guide bearings are installed in the mounting grooves.

5. The high-precision manufacturing device for ellipsoidal surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of both the inner and outer lifting supports are connected to the output end of the lifting cylinder.

6. An installation method for an ellipsoidal surface high-precision manufacturing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preparation for tooling base installation Clean the assembly platform and place adjusting shims and spherical shims at the preset positions on the assembly platform; S2, Fixture base hoisting Hoist the tooling base to the top of the adjusting shims on the assembly platform, adjust its position so that the screw holes on the tooling base are aligned with the corresponding mounting holes on the adjusting shims and spherical shims, and then lower it down. S3, guide seat and related component assembly After hoisting the guide seat above the fixture base and precisely aligning it with the fixture base, assemble the support block and guide seat in sequence; S4. Pin hole fitting and tapered pin installation Using the positioning pin hole on the guide seat as a reference, make a pin hole on the tooling base and press in a tapered pin; S5, Annular pad fixing Hoist the annular pad above the fixture base and adjust its position so that the mounting screw holes on the annular pad are accurately aligned with the corresponding screw holes on the fixture base. After alignment, fix the two in place. S6. Top machining of support block and annular pad block The top surfaces of the support block and the annular pad are re-machined; S7, Guide Bearing Installation Install the guide bearing in the preset mounting slots on the inner and outer lifting supports and fix it in place; S8, inner and outer lifting support fixing Hoist the inner and outer lifting supports to the top of the support block, adjust their positions so that the mounting holes on the inner lifting support are accurately aligned with the corresponding screw holes on the support block, and then fix them in place. S9, Support Fixation Determine the installation position of the support on the tooling base, draw the installation reference line of the support on the tooling base, and fix the support after adjusting the installation accuracy; S10, Installation of the film-coated sheet to be processed After cleaning the membrane to be processed, fix membrane III, membrane II, and membrane I to the support, outer lifting support, and inner lifting support respectively with bolts from the outside to the inside, and ensure that the step plane of membrane II is flush with the installation surface of membrane I with a tolerance of ±0.02mm. S11, Ellipsoidal Surface Machining The tooling base, after completing all the above assembly steps, is transferred as a whole to the ellipsoidal surface processing equipment, and the ellipsoidal surface is processed according to the preset process parameters.

7. The installation method of the high-precision manufacturing device for ellipsoidal surfaces according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4, the pin hole is machined using a CNC drilling machine. After machining, the diameter tolerance of the pin hole is ±0.01mm, and the coaxiality error does not exceed 0.01mm.

8. The installation method of the high-precision manufacturing device for ellipsoidal surfaces according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S6, the top of the support block and the annular pad block are machined using a CNC milling machine, which is performed in two stages: rough milling and finish milling. After finish milling, the surface flatness error is ≤0.1mm, the surface roughness Ra is ≤1.6μm, and the height dimension deviation is ±0.1mm.

9. The installation method of the high-precision manufacturing device for ellipsoidal surfaces according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S10, during the installation of the film to be processed, a dial indicator is used to monitor the flushing accuracy in real time. The bolts are fixed by symmetrical synchronous tightening. After tightening, the flushing accuracy is checked again.

10. The installation method of the high-precision manufacturing device for ellipsoidal surfaces according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S11, the ellipsoidal surface is machined using a CNC machining center with a ball end mill, in three steps: roughing, semi-finishing, and finishing. During the machining process, a laser tracker detects dimensional deviations and adjusts parameters in real time. The final ellipsoidal surface dimensional accuracy is ±0.1mm, and the surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm.

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