A modular multifunctional river silt measuring rod

Abstract

This invention relates to a modular, multifunctional river silt measuring rod for use in river management and testing. It includes an outer measuring cylinder and an inner measuring cylinder that slides through the outer cylinder. The lower end of the inner measuring cylinder has an inlet / outlet port with an inner diameter smaller than that of the inner measuring cylinder. A variable-diameter through-hole is formed inside the inner measuring cylinder, connecting the inlet / outlet port to the upper part of the inner measuring cylinder. A sealing plug is movably installed inside the inner measuring cylinder. An annular gap exists between the periphery of the sealing plug and the inner wall of the inner measuring cylinder, allowing silt to pass through. An operating rod is fixed to the top of the sealing plug. A bracket is fixed to the top of the inner measuring cylinder, allowing the operating rod to slide through. The upper end of the operating rod extends above the inner measuring cylinder and is fixed with a first handle. When the sealing plug is pressed down, it embeds into the variable-diameter through-hole and closes the through-hole. This structure integrates depth measurement and silt sampling functions, significantly reducing the operating cost of river silt testing. Its modular design further enhances the applicability and ease of maintenance of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a river surveying tool, and more particularly to a modular, multifunctional river silt measuring rod for use in the field of river management and inspection. Background Technology

[0002] River silt depth detection is an important hydraulic engineering technology used to measure the depth and distribution of silt in river channels, so that timely dredging measures can be taken to ensure the smooth flow of waterways and the effective utilization of water resources.

[0003] Chinese patent CN220690124U discloses a river silt measuring rod, comprising a rod body and a sleeve. The sleeve includes a connecting part and a vibrating part arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The connecting part is a cylindrical structure with a threaded hole at its top. The top of the rod body has a sleeve, and the bottom end of the rod body is screwed to the threaded hole. The vibrating part is a frustum structure with a vibration motor inside. A probe, which is conical in shape, is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the vibrating part. This river silt measuring rod, with a probe connected to its rod body, can be used to detect organisms or metallic elements in the silt, thus improving the practicality of the measuring rod. Furthermore, Chinese patent CN110118519B discloses a river silt measuring rod, comprising an upper silt measuring rod, a silt positioning plate at the bottom of the upper silt measuring rod, a lower silt measuring rod slidably disposed within the upper silt measuring rod, and a silt probe head at the head of the lower silt measuring rod. The upper and lower silt measuring rods are engraved with matching scale lines, and the silt probe vibrates when it detects the lower silt layer. This river silt measuring rod can effectively read river depth and silt depth while simultaneously providing precise positioning.

[0004] Based on the above search and combined with existing technologies, it was found that existing river silt measuring rods are generally only used for measuring silt thickness (depth). However, silt measurement not only requires measuring depth, but also requires sampling and analysis of the specific composition of the silt. Existing technologies require additional sampling through samplers (silt samplers / takers, etc.), resulting in high overall measurement (sampling) equipment costs. Furthermore, the single function of existing measuring rods cannot meet diverse usage needs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to provide a multifunctional river silt measuring rod that can both perform simple measurement of silt thickness and silt sampling.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a modular multifunctional river silt measuring rod, comprising a measuring outer cylinder and a measuring inner cylinder that slides through the measuring outer cylinder. Both the measuring outer cylinder and the measuring inner cylinder are provided with scales on their outer sides, and a positioning plate is fixedly sleeved on the lower end of the measuring outer cylinder. The lower end of the measuring inner cylinder is provided with an inlet / outlet port with an inner diameter smaller than that of the measuring inner cylinder, and a variable diameter through hole is formed inside the measuring inner cylinder to connect the inlet / outlet port with the upper part of the measuring inner cylinder. A sealing plug is movably installed inside the measuring inner cylinder. There is an annular gap between the periphery of the sealing plug and the inner wall of the measuring inner cylinder for silt to pass through. An operating rod is fixed to the top of the sealing plug. A bracket for the operating rod to slide through is fixed to the top of the measuring inner cylinder. The upper end of the operating rod extends to the top of the measuring inner cylinder and is fixed with a first handle. After the sealing plug is pressed down, it is embedded in the variable diameter through hole and the variable diameter through hole is closed. A transparent observation window is also fixedly embedded in the lower part of the measuring inner cylinder, and another scale corresponding to the transparent observation window is set on the outer wall of the measuring inner cylinder.

[0007] In the aforementioned modular multifunctional river silt measuring rod, the mating structure of the outer and inner measuring cylinders, combined with a positioning plate, enables preliminary positioning and depth measurement. During measurement, the measuring rod is inserted entirely into the riverbed, with the positioning plate contacting the silt surface. The inner measuring cylinder is then pressed down until its bottom contacts the hard subsurface beneath the silt layer. At this point, the insertion encounters resistance distinct from the silt layer. The silt depth can be quickly read using the scales on the outer and inner measuring cylinders. Simultaneously, during the pressing down of the inner measuring cylinder, silt from the riverbed enters through the inlet / outlet port at the bottom of the inner measuring cylinder. Due to the measurement... The inner cylinder is hollow. As water and silt from the river gradually enter the inner cylinder, they expel the air inside, preventing silt from entering. Furthermore, there is an annular gap between the sealing plug and the inner wall of the inner cylinder, allowing silt to pass through. When the lower end of the inner cylinder touches the bottom, the operator can press down the first handle to lower the operating rod and push the sealing plug down. The silt inside the inner cylinder is then passively moved through the annular gap between the sealing plug and the inner cylinder to the top of the sealing plug. The sealing plug eventually embeds into the variable-diameter through-hole and closes the through-hole, thus sealing the silt inside the inner cylinder and achieving the silt sampling function.

[0008] As a further supplement to this application, an elastic pressure ring is fixed to the inner wall of the measuring inner cylinder. The lower end of the elastic pressure ring abuts against the top opening of the variable diameter through hole. When the sealing plug is pressed down, it squeezes the elastic pressure ring, causing the elastic pressure ring to deform. When the sealing plug is embedded in the variable diameter through hole, the inner side wall of the elastic pressure ring abuts against the periphery of the sealing plug and the top edge of the sealing plug.

[0009] As a further supplement to this application, an annular groove is provided on the inner side wall of the inlet / outlet port. The annular groove is located below the connection between the inlet / outlet port and the lower end of the variable diameter through hole. An elastic sealing ring is fixed in the annular groove. The upper and lower ends of the elastic sealing ring are fixed to the inner top wall and inner bottom wall of the annular groove, respectively. After the elastic sealing ring is deformed, it forms an annular bladder that blocks the inlet / outlet port. The inner cylinder of the measuring device is also equipped with a compressed air structure for pressing air into the annular groove to deform the elastic sealing ring.

[0010] As a further supplement to this application, the compressed air structure includes an air chamber, a connecting channel, a piston, and a pressure rod. Both the air chamber and the connecting channel are opened inside the cylinder wall of the measuring inner cylinder. The air chamber extends along the axial direction of the measuring inner cylinder, and the lower end of the air chamber is connected to the annular groove through the connecting channel. The piston is slidably embedded in the air chamber, and the periphery of the piston is sealed and abutted against the periphery of the air chamber. The lower end of the pressure rod is fixed to the top of the piston, and the upper end of the pressure rod slides through the inner wall of the measuring cylinder and extends to the top of the measuring inner cylinder.

[0011] As a further supplement to this application, the air chamber is a vertical cavity with a C-shaped horizontal cross-section, the piston is a C-shaped plug adapted to the air chamber, and the transparent observation window is offset from the air chamber.

[0012] As a further supplement to this application, at least two pressure bars are provided and symmetrically distributed along the axis of the measuring inner cylinder, and the upper ends of the two pressure bars are jointly fixed with a second handle; The first grip is located below the second grip. When the second grip is pressed down to its lowest position, it is located above the first grip when it is not pressed down, and there is a gap between the second grip and the first grip.

[0013] As another improvement of this application, a grip ring is fixedly sleeved on the upper end of the measuring inner cylinder, and several L-shaped clamping plates corresponding to the first grip and the second grip are fixed on the top of the measuring inner cylinder. The L-shaped clamping plates are inverted L-shaped plates. Both the first grip and the pressure bar are equipped with a locking and limiting mechanism that is compatible with the L-shaped locking plate.

[0014] As a further improvement to this application, each set of locking and limiting mechanisms includes a fixed plate and a rotating plate. The top of the fixed plate corresponding to the first grip is fixed to the bottom of the first grip, and the fixed plate corresponding to the pressure rod is adjustablely fixed to the pressure rod through a connector. The fixed plate is a horn block, and grooves are provided on the inner walls of both sides of the lower end of the fixed plate. The upper end of the rotating plate is integrally formed with a protruding head that slides and engages with the fixed plate. A connecting shaft is rotatably inserted inside the protruding head. Both ends of the connecting shaft are fixedly inserted into the grooves. A torsion spring is installed in each of the two grooves. One end of the torsion spring is fixed to the inner wall of the groove, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed to the side wall of the protruding head. The rotating plate is also provided with a card hole for the L-shaped card to be inserted. The rotating plate is initially vertical and is offset from the L-shaped clamp in the vertical direction. The torsion spring applies a spring force to the rotating plate to rotate it to one side of the L-shaped clamp.

[0015] As a further improvement to this application, the connector includes a connecting ring, which is fixed to the fixing plate. The connecting ring is slidably sleeved on the pressure rod. A stepped hole for countersunk bolts to be screwed into is provided on one side of the connecting ring. Several positioning holes for countersunk bolts to be inserted are provided on the pressure rod. The multiple positioning holes are distributed in an equidistant array along the axial direction of the pressure rod.

[0016] In summary, the sliding fit design of the outer and inner measuring cylinders allows for rapid reading of silt depth data using the outer scale. During the downward pressing of the inner measuring cylinder, silt enters the cylinder through the inlet and outlet ports. The elastic sealing ring initially allows free flow of water and silt. When sample sealing is required, pressing down the second handle moves the piston, forcing air in the air chamber through the connecting channel into the ring groove, compelling the elastic sealing ring to deform and form an annular capsule to seal the inlet and outlet ports, effectively preventing sample leakage. The locking and limiting mechanism, through the locking fit between the rotating plate and the L-shaped locking plate, maintains structural stability during measurement and allows for quick disassembly of the inner measuring cylinder for sample transfer or equipment maintenance by rotating the rotating plate. This device integrates depth measurement and silt sampling functions, significantly reducing the operating cost of river silt detection. Its modular design further enhances the applicability and ease of maintenance of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram showing the lower cross-section of the inner cylinder as described in a specific embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the piston and lower end structure of the pressure rod according to a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the sequential pressing process of the piston and sealing plug in a specific embodiment of this application. Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the snap-fit ​​limiting mechanism from another perspective of a specific embodiment of this application.

[0018] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Measuring outer cylinder; 11. Positioning plate; 2. Measuring inner cylinder; 21. Inlet / outlet port; 22. Transparent observation window; 23. Variable diameter through hole; 24. Air chamber; 25. Annular groove; 26. Connecting channel; 27. L-shaped clamping plate; 28. Grip ring; 3. Sealing plug; 4. Operating rod; 41. First grip; 5. Elastic pressure ring; 6. Piston; 7. Pressure rod; 71. Second grip; 72. Positioning hole; 8. Elastic sealing ring; 9. Snap-fit ​​limiting mechanism; 91. Fixing plate; 911. Embedded groove; 92. Rotating plate; 921. Snap hole; 922. Protruding head; 923. Connecting shaft; 93. Torsion spring; 94. Connecting ring; 941. Stepped hole. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Example 1: This invention provides a modular, multifunctional river silt measuring rod. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 - Figure 3 It includes a measuring outer cylinder 1 and a measuring inner cylinder 2 that slides through the measuring outer cylinder 1. Both the measuring outer cylinder 1 and the measuring inner cylinder 2 are provided with scales on their outer sides. A positioning plate 11 is fixedly sleeved on the lower end of the measuring outer cylinder 1. The lower end of the measuring inner cylinder 2 is provided with an inlet / outlet port 21 with an inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the measuring inner cylinder 2, and a variable diameter through hole 23 is formed inside the measuring inner cylinder 2 to connect the inlet / outlet port 21 with the upper part of the measuring inner cylinder 2. A sealing plug 3 is movably installed inside the measuring inner cylinder 2. There is an annular gap between the periphery of the sealing plug 3 and the inner wall of the measuring inner cylinder 2 for silt to pass through. An operating rod 4 is fixed to the top of the sealing plug 3. A bracket for the operating rod 4 to slide through is fixed to the top of the measuring inner cylinder 2. The upper end of the operating rod 4 extends to the top of the measuring inner cylinder 2 and is fixed with a first handle 41. After the sealing plug 3 is pressed down, it is embedded in the variable diameter through hole 23 and closes the variable diameter through hole 23. A transparent observation window 22 is also fixedly embedded in the lower part of the measuring inner cylinder 2. Another scale corresponding to the transparent observation window 22 is set on the outer wall of the measuring inner cylinder 2.

[0021] Based on the above structure, during the actual measurement process, the staff first inserts the inner measuring cylinder 2 into the outer measuring cylinder 1 to complete the assembly. Then, the measuring rod is inserted into the river channel as a whole, with the positioning plate in contact with the silt surface. The inner measuring cylinder 2 is then pressed down until its bottom contacts the hard bottom layer below the silt layer in the river channel. At this point, the insertion encounters resistance that is significantly different from that of the silt layer. The depth of the silt can be quickly read through the scales on the outside of the outer measuring cylinder 1 and the inner measuring cylinder 2. Simultaneously, during the pressing down of the inner measuring cylinder 2, the silt in the river channel enters the inner measuring cylinder 2 through the inlet / outlet port 21 at the lower end of the inner measuring cylinder 2. Because the inner measuring cylinder 2 is hollow, the water in the river channel... As the silt gradually enters the inner measuring cylinder 2, the air inside the inner measuring cylinder 2 is squeezed out, which does not hinder the entry of the silt. There is an annular gap between the periphery of the sealing plug 3 and the inner wall of the inner measuring cylinder 2 for the silt to pass through. When the lower end of the inner measuring cylinder 2 touches the bottom, the operator can press down the first handle 41 to make the operating rod 4 drive the sealing plug 3 to press down. The silt in the inner measuring cylinder 2 is passively moved to the top of the sealing plug 3 through the annular gap between the sealing plug 3 and the inner measuring cylinder 2. The sealing plug 3 is finally embedded in the variable diameter through hole 23 and closes the variable diameter through hole 23, thereby sealing the silt that has entered the inner measuring cylinder 2 and realizing the silt sampling function. Furthermore, after sampling, the measuring rod can be removed from the riverbed as a whole (the measuring rod should be kept vertical and not tilted too much to ensure that the silt in the inner measuring cylinder 2 does not overflow). Then, the inner measuring cylinder 2 can be pulled out from the outer measuring cylinder 1, and the height of the silt sample in the inner measuring cylinder 2 can be observed through the transparent observation window 22. The height can be compared with the preliminary measured silt height (or the average of the two) to improve the accuracy of the silt thickness measurement results. The modular design of the measuring rod allows for easy assembly and disassembly of the outer measuring cylinder 1 and the inner measuring cylinder 2, making it easy to carry, transport, and replace and maintain parts according to actual needs. This greatly improves the flexibility and convenience of the measuring rod, meets the diverse needs of river management and testing, and effectively solves the problem of the single function of existing river silt measuring rods.

[0022] Furthermore, an elastic pressure ring 5 is fixed to the inner wall of the measuring inner cylinder 2 (the elastic pressure ring 5 is made of an elastic material that is commonly used in the prior art and suitable for this embodiment, such as nitrile rubber). The lower end of the elastic pressure ring 5 abuts against the top opening of the variable diameter through hole 23. When the sealing plug 3 is pressed down, it squeezes the elastic pressure ring 5, causing the elastic pressure ring 5 to deform. When the sealing plug 3 is embedded in the variable diameter through hole 23, the inner side wall of the elastic pressure ring 5 abuts against the periphery of the sealing plug 3 and the top edge of the sealing plug 3.

[0023] With the elastic pressure ring 5 in place, when the sealing plug 3 is inserted into the variable diameter through hole 23, the elastic pressure ring 5 can fit tightly against the sealing plug 3, effectively preventing the sludge after sampling from leaking out from the gap between the sealing plug 3 and the variable diameter through hole 23, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the sampling results; at the same time, the elasticity of the elastic pressure ring 5 also makes the sealing plug 3 easier to insert and remove from the variable diameter through hole 23, reducing the difficulty of operation and wear, and extending the service life of the measuring rod.

[0024] Furthermore, an annular groove 25 is provided on the inner side wall of the inlet / outlet port 21. The annular groove 25 is located below the connection between the inlet / outlet port 21 and the lower end of the variable diameter through hole 23. An elastic sealing ring 8 is fixed in the annular groove 25 (the elastic sealing ring 8 is also made of an elastic material that is commonly used in the prior art and suitable for this embodiment, such as nitrile rubber, etc. Of course, those skilled in the art can also select other materials that can achieve the same or similar effects according to actual use requirements, which will not be described in detail here). The upper and lower ends of the elastic sealing ring 8 are fixed to the inner top wall and inner bottom wall of the annular groove 25, respectively. After the elastic sealing ring 8 is deformed, it forms an annular bladder that blocks the inlet / outlet port 21. The inner cylinder 2 is also equipped with a compressed air structure for pressurizing air into the annular groove 25 to deform the elastic sealing ring 8. Specifically, the compressed air structure includes an air chamber 24, a connecting channel 26, a piston 6, and a pressure rod 7. The air chamber 24 and the connecting channel 26 are both opened inside the cylinder wall of the measuring inner cylinder 2. The air chamber 24 extends along the axial direction of the measuring inner cylinder 2, and the lower end of the air chamber 24 is connected to the annular groove 25 through the connecting channel 26. The piston 6 is slidably embedded in the air chamber 24, and the periphery of the piston 6 is sealed and abutted against the periphery of the air chamber 24. The lower end of the pressure rod 7 is fixed to the top of the piston 6, and the upper end of the pressure rod 7 slides through the wall of the measuring inner cylinder 2 and extends to the top of the measuring inner cylinder 2.

[0025] With the arrangement of air chamber 24, annular groove 25, connecting channel 26, piston 6, pressure rod 7, and elastic sealing ring 8, after the lower end of the measuring inner cylinder 2 touches the bottom, but before the sealing plug 3 is pressed down, the operator can drive the piston 6 to slide downward in the air chamber 24 by pressing down the pressure rod 7. The piston 6 forces the air in the air chamber 24 into the annular groove 25 through the connecting channel 26, causing the elastic sealing ring 8 to deform and form an annular bladder that seals the inlet and outlet ports 21 (see details). Figure 4 At this point, the lower end of the measuring inner cylinder 2 is sealed, and the sludge in the measuring inner cylinder 2 is trapped, effectively preventing the sludge from flowing out from the inlet / outlet port 21 during the pressing of the sealing plug 3. This ensures that the thickness of the sludge in the measuring inner cylinder 2 after sampling is more accurate, further improving the accuracy and reliability of sampling. At the same time, this design also allows the measuring inner cylinder 2 to form a bottom-sealed space after sampling, preventing the sludge sample from being lost due to shaking or tilting during the removal process, ensuring the integrity and usability of the sampling results.

[0026] Furthermore, the air chamber 24 is a vertical cavity with a C-shaped horizontal cross-section, and the piston 6 is a C-shaped plug adapted to the air chamber 24. This not only increases the contact area between the piston 6 and the air chamber 24 and improves the sealing effect, but also makes the piston 6 more stable during sliding, reducing the risk of operational difficulties or damage caused by deviation or jamming. The transparent observation window 22 is staggered from the air chamber 24, making the entire structure more compact, while ensuring that the transparent observation window 22 and the compressed air structure do not interfere with each other, making the overall layout of the measuring rod more reasonable and its usability stronger. Meanwhile, at least two pressure rods 7 are provided and symmetrically distributed along the axis of the measuring inner cylinder 2, and the upper ends of the two pressure rods 7 are jointly fixed with a second handle 71; The first grip 41 is located below the second grip 71. When the second grip 71 is pressed down to its lowest position, the second grip 71 is located above the first grip 41 that is not pressed down and there is a gap between the second grip 71 and the first grip 41. This avoids mutual interference between the two grips during operation, allowing the operator to operate more conveniently and accurately.

[0027] Example 2: Please see Figure 1 , Figure 5and Figure 6 A modular, multifunctional river silt measuring rod, which differs from Embodiment 1 in that: A grip ring 28 is fixedly sleeved on the upper end of the measuring inner cylinder 2, and several L-shaped clamping plates 27 corresponding to the first grip 41 and the second grip 71 are fixed on the top of the measuring inner cylinder 2. The L-shaped clamping plates 27 are inverted L-shaped plates. Both the first grip 41 and the pressure bar 7 are equipped with a snap-fit ​​limiting mechanism 9 that is compatible with the L-shaped card plate 27. Specifically, each set of locking and limiting mechanisms 9 includes a fixed plate 91 and a rotating plate 92. The top of the fixed plate 91 corresponding to the first grip 41 is fixed to the bottom of the first grip 41. The fixed plate 91 corresponding to the pressure rod 7 is adjustablely fixed to the pressure rod 7 through a connector. The fixed plate 91 is a horn block. The inner walls on both sides of the lower end of the fixed plate 91 are provided with grooves 911. The upper end of the rotating plate 92 is integrally formed with a protruding head 922 that slides and engages with the fixed plate 91. The lower end of the rotating plate 92 forms an inclined sidewall near the L-shaped card plate 27. A connecting shaft 923 is rotatably inserted inside the protruding head 922. Both ends of the connecting shaft 923 are fixedly inserted into the grooves 911. Torsion springs 93 are installed in both grooves 911. One end of the torsion spring 93 is fixed to the inner wall of the groove 911, and the other end of the torsion spring 93 is fixed to the sidewall of the protruding head 922. The rotating plate 92 is also provided with a card hole 921 for the L-shaped card plate 27 to be inserted. The rotating plate 92 is initially vertical and is offset from the L-shaped clamping plate 27 in the vertical direction. The torsion spring 93 applies a spring force to the rotating plate 92 to rotate it to one side of the L-shaped clamping plate 27.

[0028] With the L-shaped locking plate 27 and the locking and limiting mechanism 9 in place, when the operator presses down the operating lever 4 or the pressure lever 7, the corresponding locking and limiting mechanism 9 moves downward and approaches the L-shaped locking plate 27. This causes the lower end of the rotating plate 92 to first abut against the top of the horizontal extension of the L-shaped locking plate 27. Under the reaction force of the L-shaped locking plate 27, it overcomes the elastic force of the torsion spring 93 and deflects away from the L-shaped locking plate 27 until the locking hole 921 on the rotating plate 92 corresponds to the horizontal extension of the L-shaped locking plate 27. At this time, the rotating plate 92 and the L-shaped locking plate 27 are briefly separated and reset under the elastic force of the torsion spring 93, thus allowing the L-shaped locking plate to retract. The horizontal extension of plate 27 is inserted into the locking hole 921, so that the L-shaped locking plate 27 is engaged with the rotating plate 92 (at this time, the elastic sealing ring 8 has been transformed into an annular bladder, or the sealing plug 3 is just embedded in the variable diameter through hole 23 and seals the variable diameter through hole 23). This prevents the rotating plate 92 from moving upward in the opposite direction, ensuring the stability of the elastic sealing ring 8 and the sealing plug 3, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the measurement and sampling process. When it is necessary to unlock, the operator only needs to move the rotating plate 92 from the side to disengage the rotating plate 92 from the L-shaped locking plate 27, which facilitates the reset of the elastic sealing ring 8 and the sealing plug 3.

[0029] Furthermore, the connector includes a connecting ring 94, which is fixed to the fixing plate 91. The connecting ring 94 is slidably sleeved on the pressure rod 7. A stepped hole 941 for countersunk bolts to be screwed into is provided on one side of the connecting ring 94. Several positioning holes 72 for countersunk bolts to be inserted are provided on the pressure rod 7. The multiple positioning holes 72 are equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the pressure rod 7. By adjusting the position of the connecting ring 94 on the pressure rod 7, the operator can control the degree of deformation of the elastic sealing ring 8. Specifically, when a larger degree of deformation of the elastic sealing ring 8 is required to more tightly seal the inlet and outlet ports 21, the connecting ring 94 is moved upward along the pressure rod 7, causing the fixed plate 91 to drive the rotating plate 92 to move upward as a whole. In this way, when the pressure rod 7 is pressed down, the piston 6 has a longer downward stroke, resulting in more air being pressed into the ring groove 25. The elastic sealing ring 8 will be subjected to greater pressure, thus producing a greater degree of deformation. Conversely, when a smaller degree of deformation of the elastic sealing ring 8 is required, the connecting ring 94 is moved downward along the pressure rod 7, causing the fixed plate 91 and the rotating plate 92 to move downward as a whole. When the pressure rod 7 is pressed down, the pressure on the elastic sealing ring 8 is reduced, and the degree of deformation is correspondingly reduced. Meanwhile, the combination of the stepped hole 941, the positioning hole 72, and the countersunk bolts allows the connecting ring 94 to be easily fixed at a specific height on the pressure rod 7, ensuring that the connecting ring 94 will not move arbitrarily during measurement and sampling, thus guaranteeing the stability and reliability of the entire device. It also allows the measuring rod to flexibly adjust the deformation degree of the elastic sealing ring 8 according to different river silt conditions and sampling requirements, further improving the applicability and practicality of the measuring rod.

[0030] In light of current practical needs, the above-described embodiments adopted in this application are not limited to these. Any changes made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A modular multifunctional river silt measuring rod, comprising a measuring outer cylinder and a measuring inner cylinder that slides through the measuring outer cylinder, both the measuring outer cylinder and the measuring inner cylinder having graduations on their outer sides, and a positioning disc fixedly fitted onto the lower end of the measuring outer cylinder, characterized in that: The lower end of the measuring inner cylinder is provided with an inlet / outlet port with an inner diameter smaller than that of the measuring inner cylinder, and a variable diameter through hole is formed inside the measuring inner cylinder to connect the inlet / outlet port with the upper part of the measuring inner cylinder. A sealing plug is movably installed inside the measuring inner cylinder. There is an annular gap between the periphery of the sealing plug and the inner wall of the measuring inner cylinder for silt to pass through. An operating rod is fixed to the top of the sealing plug. A bracket for the operating rod to slide through is fixed to the top of the measuring inner cylinder. The upper end of the operating rod extends to the top of the measuring inner cylinder and is fixed with a first handle. After the sealing plug is pressed down, it is embedded in the variable diameter through hole and the variable diameter through hole is closed. A transparent observation window is also fixedly embedded in the lower part of the measuring inner cylinder. Another scale corresponding to the transparent observation window is set on the outer wall of the measuring inner cylinder. An elastic pressure ring is fixed to the inner wall of the measuring cylinder. The lower end of the elastic pressure ring abuts against the top opening of the variable diameter through hole. When the sealing plug is pressed down, it squeezes the elastic pressure ring, causing the elastic pressure ring to deform. When the sealing plug is embedded in the variable diameter through hole, the inner wall of the elastic pressure ring abuts against the periphery of the sealing plug and the top edge of the sealing plug. An annular groove is provided on the inner side wall of the inlet / outlet port. The annular groove is located below the connection between the inlet / outlet port and the lower end of the variable diameter through hole. An elastic sealing ring is fixed in the annular groove. The upper and lower ends of the elastic sealing ring are fixed to the inner top wall and inner bottom wall of the annular groove, respectively. After the elastic sealing ring is deformed, it forms an annular bladder that blocks the inlet / outlet port. The inner cylinder of the measuring device is also equipped with a compressed air structure for pressing air into the annular groove to deform the elastic sealing ring. The compressed air structure includes an air chamber, a connecting channel, a piston, and a pressure rod. Both the air chamber and the connecting channel are located inside the wall of the measuring inner cylinder. The air chamber extends along the axial direction of the measuring inner cylinder, and the lower end of the air chamber is connected to the annular groove through the connecting channel. The piston is slidably embedded in the air chamber, and the periphery of the piston is sealed and abutted against the periphery of the air chamber. The lower end of the pressure rod is fixed to the top of the piston, and the upper end of the pressure rod slides through the inner wall of the measuring cylinder and extends to the top of the measuring inner cylinder. A grip ring is fixedly fitted on the upper end of the measuring inner cylinder, and several L-shaped clamping plates corresponding to the first grip and the second grip are fixed on the top of the measuring inner cylinder. The L-shaped clamping plates are inverted L-shaped plates. Both the first grip and the pressure bar are equipped with a locking and limiting mechanism that is compatible with the L-shaped locking plate. Each set of locking and limiting mechanisms includes a fixed plate and a rotating plate. The top of the fixed plate corresponding to the first grip is fixed to the bottom of the first grip. The fixed plate corresponding to the pressure rod is adjustable and fixed to the pressure rod through a connector. The fixed plate is a horn block. The inner walls on both sides of the lower end of the fixed plate are provided with grooves. The upper end of the rotating plate is integrally formed with a protruding head that slides and engages with the fixed plate. A connecting shaft is rotatably inserted inside the protruding head. Both ends of the connecting shaft are fixedly inserted into the grooves. A torsion spring is installed in each of the two grooves. One end of the torsion spring is fixed to the inner wall of the groove, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed to the side wall of the protruding head. The rotating plate is also provided with a card hole for the L-shaped card to be inserted. The rotating plate is initially vertical and is offset from the L-shaped clamp in the vertical direction. The torsion spring applies a spring force to the rotating plate to rotate it to one side of the L-shaped clamp.

2. The modular multifunctional river silt measuring rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air chamber is a vertical cavity with a C-shaped horizontal cross-section, the piston is a C-shaped plug adapted to the air chamber, and the transparent observation window is offset from the air chamber.

3. The modular multifunctional river silt measuring rod according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least two pressure rods are provided and symmetrically distributed along the axis of the measuring inner cylinder, and the upper ends of the two pressure rods are jointly fixed with a second handle; In this configuration, the first grip is located below the second grip. When the second grip is pressed down to its lowest position, the second grip is located above the first grip when it is not pressed down, and there is a gap between the second grip and the first grip.

4. The modular multifunctional river silt measuring rod according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connector includes a connecting ring, which is fixed to the fixing plate. The connecting ring is slidably sleeved on the pressure rod. A stepped hole for countersunk bolts to be screwed into is opened on one side of the connecting ring. Several positioning holes for countersunk bolts to be inserted are opened on the pressure rod. The multiple positioning holes are distributed in an equidistant array along the axial direction of the pressure rod.

Images