Movable heat preservation cover of explosive long storage stability test system

Abstract

The application provides a movable heat preservation sleeve of a fire explosive long storage stability test system, which comprises a fixing base, the fixing base comprises an inner cylinder, an annular support base is coaxially and integrally arranged at the bottom of the inner cylinder, and the inner cylinder and the annular support base are vertically arranged; a heat preservation sleeve pipe is sleeved outside the inner cylinder, a metal cover is sleeved outside the heat preservation sleeve pipe, the bottom end of the heat preservation sleeve pipe and the bottom end of the metal cover are all abutted on the annular support base; a ring-shaped heat insulation cover is detachably sleeved at the top of the inner cylinder, and the central hole of the ring-shaped heat insulation cover, the central cavity of the inner cylinder and the central hole of the annular support base form a reactor through cavity which is through at both ends. The movable heat preservation sleeve of the application provides a special movable heat preservation sleeve for the fire explosive long storage stability test system; the movable heat preservation sleeve provides multiple designs for improving the heat preservation performance of different components, and meanwhile, the overall strength, sealing property, convenience and other requirements are considered, so that the movable heat preservation sleeve has good heat preservation effect and practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of explosives technology, and relates to explosives performance testing, specifically to a movable insulation sleeve for a long-term storage stability testing system for explosives. Background Technology

[0002] Explosives are a major strategic resource and security foundation for the nation, as well as a significant potential source of danger for national security, public safety, and environmental safety. Their fundamental characteristics include easy decomposition, flammability, explosiveness, and sympathetic detonation. Explosives decompose upon heating and are prone to chain reactions leading to explosion. Stability refers to the ability of explosives to maintain their performance within permissible ranges under certain conditions, delaying decomposition, hydrolysis, oxidation, and autocatalytic reactions. It is a key technical indicator for evaluating the safety of explosives during research, production, transportation, storage, and use. Accurately understanding and evaluating the stability of explosives is crucial for developing safety control measures, effectively preventing and reducing industry safety risks, and ensuring the safe research, development, production, and use of explosive products. Summary of the Invention

[0003] During long-term storage stability testing of explosives, the sealed reactor enters and exits through an opening at the top of the testing system before and after the test. If the reactor is not insulated, the significant temperature difference between the heating furnace and the external environment will cause heat dissipation at the top of the reactor, resulting in uneven temperature distribution within the reactor. This affects the temperature uniformity during the test, increases the power consumption of the testing system, and also affects the accuracy of pressure measurement. Therefore, an insulating jacket must be placed outside the sealed reactor.

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a movable insulation sleeve for a long-term storage stability testing system for explosives, thereby solving the technical problem that the heat insulation capacity of sealed reactors in existing technologies needs to be further improved.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A movable insulation sleeve for a long-term storage stability testing system for explosives includes a fixed base. The fixed base includes an inner cylinder, and an annular support base is integrally formed on the bottom of the inner cylinder. The inner cylinder and the annular support base are vertically arranged.

[0006] The inner cylinder is fitted with an insulation sleeve, and the insulation sleeve is fitted with a metal cover. The bottom ends of the insulation sleeve and the metal cover rest on the annular support base.

[0007] The top of the inner cylinder is detachably fitted with an annular heat insulation cover. The central hole of the annular heat insulation cover, the central cavity of the inner cylinder, and the central hole of the annular support base form a reactor through cavity that runs through both ends.

[0008] The present invention also has the following technical features: The bottom of the annular support base is coaxially provided with a first lower boss.

[0009] The top is coaxially provided with a first upper boss.

[0010] The insulation sleeve is made of gypsum material; the thickness of the insulation sleeve is 21mm.

[0011] The metal cover is a perforated mesh structure.

[0012] The annular heat insulation cover is made of ABS plastic material.

[0013] The lower part of the annular heat insulation cover is provided with a second lower protrusion, and the upper part of the annular heat insulation cover is provided with a second upper protrusion.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: (I) The movable insulation sleeve of the present invention provides a dedicated movable insulation sleeve for the long-term storage stability tester of explosives; the movable insulation sleeve proposes a variety of designs to improve the insulation performance for different components, while taking into account the requirements of overall strength, sealing and convenience, and has good insulation effect and practicality.

[0015] (II) The advantages of the movable insulation sleeve of the long-term storage stability tester for explosives proposed in this invention are: first, it matches well with the structure of the sealed reactor; second, it has a low heat transfer rate and good insulation effect; third, it is movable, flexible to use, and convenient to maintain. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the long-term storage stability testing system for explosives.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a long-term storage stability testing system for explosives.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the reactor.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gas pressure measurement transmission tube.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the gas pressure measurement transmission tube, the reactor, and the pressure sensor.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the movable insulation sleeve.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the movable insulation sleeve.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the fixed base.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular heat insulation cover.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating the long-term storage stability test method for explosives.

[0026] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Pressure-time curves of typical explosive samples at 110℃ in the method.

[0027] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1-reactor, 2-pressure measurement and transmission pipe, 3-pressure sensor, 4-outer shell, 5-furnace support, 6-furnace body, 7-heater, 8-reactor heating chamber, 9-movable insulation sleeve, 10-glass fiber outer insulation cylinder, 11-glass fiber inner insulation cylinder, 12-stainless steel sleeve, 13-top ceramic insulation plate, 14-furnace body support plate.

[0028] 101-Volume reaction tube, 102-Fastening nut, 103-Gas guide head, 104-Sealing ring, 105-Capillary pressure transmission tube, 106-Reinforcing layer, 107-Heat sink, 108-Connecting hole, 109-Fastening screw.

[0029] 201-Pressure transmission sleeve, 202-Pressure probe, 203-Connector, 204-Connecting nut, 205-Protective sleeve, 206-Sheath tube, 207-Screw.

[0030] 901-Fixed base, 902-Insulation sleeve, 903-Metal cover, 904-Annular heat insulation cover, 905-Reactor through cavity.

[0031] 90101-Inner cylinder, 90102-Annular support base, 90103-First lower boss, 90104-First upper boss.

[0032] 90401 - Second lower boss, 90402 - Second upper boss.

[0033] The specific content of the present invention will be further explained in detail below with reference to the embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0034] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all components and equipment in this invention are based on components and equipment known in the prior art.

[0035] To address the current lack of domestic technologies for evaluating the stability of explosives using the gas-volume method with continuous real-time pressure monitoring, and the requirement for insulation and heat preservation of the sealed reactor in long-storage stability testing instruments for explosives, a movable insulation sleeve composed of a fixed base, insulation tube, metal cover, and annular heat-insulating cover was designed. The design and assembly methods for this movable insulation sleeve are proposed. It adopts an integral tubular structure, incorporating a gypsum insulation layer and a perforated mesh metal cover, achieving a dedicated fit for the sealed reactor and excellent insulation performance. Simultaneously, the design of the movable insulation sleeve maintains its overall integrity and ease of use, providing strong technical support for improving the temperature control stability and measurement accuracy of long-storage stability testing instruments for explosives.

[0036] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments. All equivalent modifications made based on the technical solutions of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1: This embodiment provides a movable insulation sleeve for a long-term storage stability testing system for explosives, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, it includes a fixed base 901, which includes an inner cylinder 90101. The bottom of the inner cylinder 90101 is coaxially and integrally formed with an annular support base 90102. The inner cylinder 90101 and the annular support base 90102 are vertically arranged.

[0038] like Figure 7 As shown, the inner cylinder 90101 is fitted with an insulation sleeve 902, and the insulation sleeve 902 is fitted with a metal cover 903. The bottom ends of the insulation sleeve 902 and the metal cover 903 are both resting on the annular support base 90102.

[0039] like Figure 7 As shown, the top of the inner cylinder 90101 is detachably fitted with an annular heat insulation cover 904. The central hole of the annular heat insulation cover 904, the central cavity of the inner cylinder 90101, and the central hole of the annular support base 90102 form a reactor through cavity 905 with both ends connected.

[0040] In this embodiment, the fixing base 901 is used for fixed support of the overall structure and is located in the innermost and bottommost layers of the overall structure. The insulation sleeve 902 is used for insulation and is located between the fixing base 901 and the metal cover 903. The metal cover 903 is used to fix the insulation sleeve 902 and also serves as external support, located in the outermost layer of the overall structure. The annular heat insulation cover 904 is used for heat insulation to prevent damage caused by the insulation sleeve moving when the temperature is too high after the test, and is located in the topmost layer of the overall structure.

[0041] In this embodiment, to ensure the strength of the fixed support, the fixing base 901 is made of 304 stainless steel. Since the movable insulation sleeve 9 needs to be fitted over the outside of the sealed reactor 1, an inner cylinder 90101 needs to be designed in the vertical direction. To match the size of the reactor 1 and ensure that the reactor 1 can pass through the inner cylinder 90101, an inner cylinder 90101 with an inner diameter of 10.2 mm and a length of 87 mm is used for vertical fixation. Considering the assembly of the annular heat insulation cover 904, a 6 mm high thread is designed on the top of the inner cylinder 90101 for connection with the annular heat insulation cover 904.

[0042] In this embodiment, the movable insulation sleeve 9 is an independent accessory, and the bottom also requires a ring support base 90102. In order to match the overall size of the movable insulation sleeve 9, a ring support base 90102 with a diameter of 35mm is designed for bottom support.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, such as Figure 8 As shown, a first lower boss 90103 is coaxially provided at the bottom of the annular support base 90102. In this embodiment, to avoid the problem of excessively rapid heat transfer caused by the annular support base 90102 being in close contact with the sealed reactor 1, a first lower boss 90103 with a diameter of 16mm and a height of 1mm is designed at the lower part of the annular support base 90102 to reduce the contact area between the movable insulation sleeve 9 and the reactor 1 and reduce the heat transfer rate.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, such as Figure 8 As shown, a first upper boss 90104 is coaxially provided on the top. In this embodiment, to accommodate the installation of the metal cover 903, the upper part of the annular support base 90102 is designed with a first upper boss 90104 with a diameter of 32.5mm and a height of 1mm, which is used to limit the metal cover 903.

[0045] In this embodiment, considering the firmness and stability of the support, the inner cylinder 90101 and the annular support base 90102 are designed to be integrally formed as a component of the movable insulation sleeve 9.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the insulation sleeve 902 is made of gypsum material; the thickness of the insulation sleeve 902 is 21mm. Gypsum has a low thermal conductivity, making it a low-thermal-conductivity material with slow heat transfer. It performs excellently in thermal insulation, is easy to fix and mold, and can better adapt to tubular insulation sleeve structures. It also avoids the risk of accidental injury from touching insulation materials such as fiberglass due to their small size and high brittleness. To match the height of the vent pipe of the sealed reaction vessel, the height of the insulation sleeve 902 is designed to be 78mm; to match the diameter of the inner cylinder 90101 in the fixing seat 901, ensuring that the insulation sleeve 902 can pass through the inner cylinder 90101, the inner diameter of the insulation sleeve 902 is designed to be 11.5mm; to ensure the insulation effect, the outer diameter of the insulation sleeve 902 is designed to be 32.5mm, that is, it has a 21mm thick gypsum layer for insulation.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the metal cover 903 has a perforated mesh structure. In this embodiment, the metal cover 903 is used to fix the insulation sleeve 902 and also serves as an external support. To ensure the strength of the fixing support, the metal cover 903 is made of 304 stainless steel. Although the annular support base 90102 of the fixing seat 901 has been designed with a first lower boss 90103 with a height of 1mm to reduce the contact area with the reactor 1 and reduce the heat transfer rate, the temperature of the fixing seat 901 is still very high due to the heat conduction of air at high temperatures. The metal cover 903 is in contact with the fixing seat 901, and due to the heat conduction of metal, the temperature of the metal cover 903 is also inevitably relatively high. To reduce the heat transfer effect of the metal cover 903 itself, the metal cover 903 is designed as a perforated mesh to increase thermal resistance, reduce the heat transfer rate, and enhance the overall insulation performance of the movable insulation sleeve 9. To ensure the uniformity of insulation, the metal cover has 18 rows × 18 columns of perforated round holes with a diameter of 4mm evenly distributed.

[0048] In this embodiment, to match the outer diameter of the insulation sleeve 902, the inner diameter of the metal cover 903 is designed to be 34mm; to match the outer diameter of the annular support base 90102 of the fixing seat 901, the outer diameter of the metal cover 903 is designed to be 35mm; to match the height of the vertical inner cylinder 90101 of the fixing seat 901, the height of the metal cover 903 is designed to be 81mm, which is the size after deducting the reserved thread height of 6mm from the length of the inner cylinder 90101 of the fixing seat 901, which is 87mm.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, the annular heat insulation cover 904 is made of ABS plastic material. In this embodiment, the annular heat insulation cover 904 and the top of the inner cylinder 90101 are connected by threads to achieve a detachable assembly.

[0050] In this embodiment, the annular heat insulation cover 904 is used for heat insulation. To ensure heat insulation effect and high impact resistance, the annular heat insulation cover 904 is made of ABS plastic material. The metal cover 903 will have a high temperature due to the influence of heat conduction from the heating furnace body and air. Therefore, the annular heat insulation cover 904 made of plastic is designed to facilitate operators in handling the movable insulation sleeve 9 and subsequently processing the test samples in the sealed reactor 1. Considering the integrity and robustness of the movable insulation sleeve 9 as an independent component, it is designed to be threadedly connected to the vertical inner cylinder 90101 in the fixed base 901, facilitating the overall assembly and disassembly of the movable insulation sleeve 9.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, such as Figure 9 As shown, the annular heat insulation cover 904 has a second lower boss 90401 at its lower part and a second upper boss 90402 at its upper part. In this embodiment, to match the outer diameter of the sealed gas outlet pipe of reactor 1 and ensure that the gas outlet pipe of reactor 1 can pass through, the annular heat insulation cover 904 has a circular hole with a diameter of 10.2 mm in the middle. To increase heat insulation and airtightness, the lower part of the annular heat insulation cover 904 is designed with a second lower boss 90401 with a diameter of 32.5 mm and a height of 2 mm; to improve the ease of handling for operators, the upper part of the annular heat insulation cover 904 is designed with a second upper boss 90402 with a diameter of 45 mm and a height of 10 mm, and a diamond pattern is designed on the outer edge of the second upper boss 90402 to increase friction and prevent slippage.

[0052] In this embodiment, the method of using the movable insulation sleeve 9 includes the following steps: Step 1, Assemble the movable insulation sleeve 9: The movable insulation sleeve 9 is assembled into a whole by assembling the fixing base 901, insulation sleeve 902, metal cover 903 and annular heat insulation cover 904, so that the movable insulation sleeve 9 can be used directly as an independent component.

[0053] Step 101: The fixed seat 901 serves as a fixed support for the overall structure and is placed in the innermost and bottommost layers of the overall structure. During assembly, it is first placed on a plane with the direction of vertical upward of the inner cylinder 90101. Step 102: The insulation sleeve 902 is used for insulation and is located between the fixed seat 901 and the metal cover 903. During assembly, the insulation sleeve 902 is inserted into the vertical inner cylinder 90101 of the fixed seat 901 from top to bottom until it contacts the annular support base 90102 of the fixed seat 901.

[0054] Step 103: The metal cover 903 is used to fix the insulation sleeve 902 and also serves as an external support. It is located on the outermost layer of the overall structure. During assembly, the metal cover 903 is inserted into the vertical inner cylinder 90101 of the fixing seat 901 and the insulation sleeve 902 from top to bottom until it contacts the annular support base 90102 of the fixing seat 901. It is placed on the outside of the insulation sleeve 902 to ensure that the outer diameter of the metal cover 903 matches the outer diameter of the annular support base 90102 of the fixing seat 901.

[0055] Step 104: The annular heat insulation cover 904 is used for heat insulation to prevent damage caused by the movement of the insulation sleeve when the temperature is too high after the test. It is located on the top layer of the overall structure. During assembly, align the annular heat insulation cover 904 with the upper external thread of the vertical inner cylinder 90101 of the fixed seat 901 and tighten it to ensure that the lower end of the annular heat insulation cover 904 has good contact with the upper end of the metal cover 903. After the annular heat insulation cover 904 is assembled, the movable insulation sleeve 9 has no loose parts and can be used directly.

[0056] Step 2: Assemble the movable insulation sleeve 9 with the sealed reactor 1: The movable insulation sleeve 9 is inserted from top to bottom into the capillary pressure transmission tube 105 of the sealed reactor 1, positioned outside the capillary pressure transmission tube 105, and in contact with the upper part of the fastening nut 102. The fastening nut 102 also serves as a limiting device. After the movable insulation sleeve 9 is assembled, the upper end of the sealed reactor 1 will have all its external threads exposed, which are used for threaded connection between the capillary pressure transmission tube 105 of the sealed reactor 1 and the connecting nut 204 at one end of the pressure measuring transmission tube 2.

[0057] Example 2: This embodiment provides a long-term storage stability testing system for explosives, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a pressure measurement module, which includes at least one reactor 1 and at least one pressure measurement transmission tube 2. One end of each pressure measurement transmission tube 2 is connected to the air outlet at the upper end of the reactor 1, and the other end of each pressure measurement transmission tube 2 is connected to the measurement port of the pressure sensor 3.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a constant temperature heating module, which includes a housing 4, inside which is fitted a stainless steel sleeve 12. A furnace support plate 14 is provided at the bottom of the stainless steel sleeve 12. A furnace body 6 is installed on the furnace support plate 14 via a furnace body bracket 5. A heater 7 for heating the furnace body 6 is installed on the furnace support plate 14. At least one reactor heating chamber 8 is installed inside the furnace body 6. A movable insulation sleeve 9 is coaxially provided on each reactor heating chamber 8. The top of the movable insulation sleeve 9 extends to the top of the housing 4. The reactor 1 can enter the reactor heating chamber 8 through the movable insulation sleeve 9 and be heated by the constant temperature heating module.

[0059] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, it includes a top-open constant-volume reaction tube 101, with a gas guide head 103 covering the opening of the constant-volume reaction tube 101 by a fastening nut 102. Sealing rings 104 are respectively provided between the constant-volume reaction tube 101 and the fastening nut 102 and between the constant-volume reaction tube 101 and the gas guide head 103. The gas guide head 103 is connected to the lower end of the capillary pressure transmission tube 105, and the upper end of the capillary pressure transmission tube 105 is connected to one end of the pressure measurement transmission tube 2. The capillary pressure transmission tube 105 is covered with a reinforcing layer 106, and the upper section of the reinforcing layer 106 is set as a heat sink 107.

[0060] In this embodiment, the constant volume reaction tube 101 is cylindrical with an inner diameter of 8.5 mm, an outer diameter of 20 mm, a height of 110 mm, a bottom thickness of 2 mm, and an internal volume of 25 ml ± 0.5 ml, and is used to hold the explosive sample.

[0061] In this embodiment, the fastening nut 102 is hexagonal on the outside and is used to connect the constant volume reaction tube 101 and the gas guide head 103. The constant volume reaction tube 101 is pre-fitted with a locking screw 109, and the locking screw 109 and the fastening nut 102 are locked together by thread engagement.

[0062] In this embodiment, the sealing ring 104 is annular and is used for sealing between the two.

[0063] In this embodiment, the upper end of the capillary pressure transmission tube 105 is provided with an external thread, which facilitates threaded connection with the connecting nut 204 at one end of the pressure measurement transmission tube 2.

[0064] In this embodiment, the reinforcing layer 106 is welded to the outside of the capillary pressure conduction tube 105 to protect the capillary pressure conduction tube 105. The upper half of the reinforcing layer 106 is a heat sink 107 for heat dissipation of the capillary pressure conduction tube 105.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, a connecting hole 108 is radially formed on the sidewall of the reinforcing layer 106 between the heat sinks 107. In this embodiment, the connecting hole 108 is used to prevent the formation of a sealed structure between the reinforcing layer 106 and the capillary pressure conduction tube 105, which could lead to damage to the capillary pressure conduction tube 105 due to thermal expansion and contraction of the gas.

[0066] In this embodiment, the constant volume reaction tube 101, fastening nut 102, capillary pressure transmission tube 105, reinforcing layer 106 and heat sink 107 are made of stainless steel; the sealing ring 104 is made of fluororubber or soft aluminum.

[0067] In this preferred embodiment, the outer shell 4 is provided with a placement seat for placing the reactor 1, which is used to place the reactor 1 when the reactor 1 is not heated.

[0068] The reactor of this invention can ensure that there is sufficient space for dangerous samples such as explosives during the test process, and has good sealing performance, which can ensure that the gas released from the constant temperature decomposition of the sample is completely discharged to the pressure measurement module.

[0069] The internal volume of the reactor in this invention is determined by constant volume, ensuring that the test results are comparable to those of the traditional gas measurement method.

[0070] The reinforced structure and spiral heat dissipation structure of the reactor design of this invention can ensure gas conduction while reducing stress at the weld joints, extending the service life of the reactor, and improving the connection efficiency between the reactor and the pressure measurement module.

[0071] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the pressure measurement transmission tube 2 includes a hollow pressure transmission sleeve 201. One end of the pressure transmission sleeve 201 is connected to the pressure measuring head 202, and the other end of the pressure transmission sleeve 201 is connected to the connector 203. The connector 203 is fitted with a connecting nut 204.

[0072] like Figure 5 As shown, the lower end of the pressure measuring head 202 is provided with an external thread; the pressure measuring head 202 is connected to the measuring port of the pressure sensor 3 by a thread; the connecting nut 204 is connected to and sealed to the air outlet at the upper end of the reactor 1 by a thread. The pressure sensor 3 adopts a pressure sensor commonly known in the art.

[0073] In this embodiment, the pressure transmission sleeve 201 is a 316 stainless steel microporous metal tube with an outer diameter of 1.588 mm, a wall thickness of 0.508 mm, a length of 400.0 mm, and a volume of approximately 0.103 mL. Its pore size and volume are much smaller than the inner diameter of reactor 1, which is approximately 17 mm, and its volume is approximately 25 mL. Through laser precision welding, a pressure measuring head 202 is welded to one end of the pressure transmission sleeve 201, and a connector 203 is welded to the other end.

[0074] In this embodiment, a connecting pipe is provided outside the upper through hole of the pressure measuring head 202. The outer diameter and wall thickness are the same as those of the pressure transmission sleeve 201, and the pipe is connected to the port of the pressure transmission sleeve 201 by welding.

[0075] In this embodiment, the connector 203 is a stainless steel cylinder with a through hole. The through hole is divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part of the through hole has the same diameter as the inner diameter of the pressure transmission sleeve 201, while the lower part has a slightly larger diameter. This allows it to fit tightly with the upper outlet of the reactor 1 and be sealed by the connecting nut 204. A connecting pipe is provided outside the through hole at the upper end of the cylinder. The inner and outer diameters of the pipe are the same as those of the pressure transmission sleeve 201, and the pipe is connected to the other end of the pressure transmission sleeve 201 by laser welding.

[0076] In this embodiment, the connecting nut 204 is a standard part. When welding the connector 203, the connecting nut 204 must first be fitted onto the outside of the pressure transmission sleeve 201. The connecting nut 204 is connected through the external thread of the gas outlet end of the reactor 1.

[0077] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the pressure transmission ferrule 201 is covered with a protective sleeve 205, which is a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tube. In this embodiment, the protective sleeve 205 is used to protect the metal pressure transmission ferrule 201 from deformation and breakage under external force or bending. The inner diameter of the protective sleeve 205 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the ferrule, approximately 2 mm, and the outer diameter is 4 mm. Its length is the same as that of the pressure transmission ferrule 201, which is 400 mm. When welding the pressure measuring head 202 and the connector 203, the PTFE protective sleeve 205 must first be fitted onto the pressure transmission ferrule 201.

[0078] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, a protective sleeve 206 is installed at the connection position between the pressure transmission sleeve 201 and the pressure probe 202, and at the connection position between the pressure transmission sleeve 201 and the connector 203. The protective sleeve 206 is a stainless steel metal tube.

[0079] In this embodiment, since the wall thickness of the microporous metal pressure transmission sleeve 201 is relatively thin, about 0.508 mm, and the welded part is relatively weak, a protective sleeve 206 is installed at each of the welded parts at both ends of the pressure transmission sleeve 201; the pressure measuring head 202 is a stainless steel external hexagonal threaded through-hole connector, and the inner diameter of its through hole is consistent with the inner diameter of the pressure transmission sleeve 201.

[0080] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the sheath tube 206 is 10mm, and its inner diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the protective sleeve 205, which is 4mm. It is fixed to the welding parts at both ends of the pressure transmission sleeve tube 201 by four embedded screws 207 to protect the welding parts from external bending.

[0081] The pressure measurement transmission tube of the present invention has a slender microporous structure, is covered with a polytetrafluoroethylene protective sleeve, and is designed with heating and constant temperature control at its connection with the reactor. This effectively solves the problems of high temperature gas thermal diffusion affecting the measurement accuracy of high-precision pressure sensors, drastic fluctuations in ambient temperature affecting accurate gas pressure measurement, and phase transitions of explosive gas products affecting accurate pressure measurement, thereby improving the pressure measurement accuracy of the testing system.

[0082] The pressure measurement transmission tube of the present invention can accurately measure the pressure of high-temperature gas in the reactor of the test system to the room temperature environment outside the test system.

[0083] As a preferred embodiment, a temperature sensor is installed inside the furnace body 6; such as Figure 2 As shown, the stainless steel sleeve 12 is filled with a glass fiber outer insulation cylinder 10, and a glass fiber inner insulation cylinder 11 is installed inside the glass fiber outer insulation cylinder 10. The height of the glass fiber inner insulation cylinder 11 is less than the height of the glass fiber outer insulation cylinder 10. The furnace body 6 is located inside the glass fiber inner insulation cylinder 11. A top ceramic heat insulation plate 13 is installed on the top of the glass fiber inner insulation cylinder 11 for thermal insulation. The top opening of the movable insulation sleeve 9 extends out of the top ceramic heat insulation plate 13.

[0084] As a preferred embodiment, the furnace body 6 has a symmetrical cylindrical structure and is made of cast aluminum; there are eight pressure measurement and transmission pipes 2; there are eight reactor heating chambers 8, which are evenly distributed inside the furnace body 6.

[0085] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, such as Figures 6 to 9 As shown, the movable insulation sleeve 9 is the movable insulation sleeve of the long-term storage stability test system for explosives given in Example 1.

[0086] In the long-term storage stability test system for explosives of the present invention, the explosives are placed in the reactor 1 of the pressure measurement module during the test. The reactor 1 is heated to a given volume by the constant temperature heating module. The decomposition gas pressure value is transmitted to the remote pressure sensor 3 through the pressure measurement transmission tube 2. The temperature of the constant temperature heating module is controlled and the decomposition gas pressure value is recorded.

[0087] The long-term storage stability test method for explosives based on the long-term storage stability test system of the present invention is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, the method includes the following steps: Step 1, Preparation of explosive samples: In step one, the explosive sample has the following requirements: First, larger-sized explosives are pulverized into particles that can pass through a 5.0mm sieve, while smaller particles that pass through a 0.2mm sieve are removed.

[0088] Second, for explosive samples that can pass through a 5.0mm sieve without requiring crushing, the original samples were tested.

[0089] Third, the solid explosive samples used in the experiment were not artificially dried to ensure that the experimental conditions were consistent with the actual long-term storage conditions.

[0090] Step 2, rapid screening test: Differential thermal analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were used to conduct rapid screening tests on the thermal decomposition of the explosive samples to determine the melting temperature, thermal decomposition initiation temperature and decomposition peak temperature of the samples; this provides a basis for setting long-term storage stability test conditions.

[0091] In this embodiment, differential thermal analysis and differential scanning calorimetry are employed using differential thermal analysis and differential scanning calorimetry known in the art.

[0092] Step 3, setting up experimental conditions: Based on the melting temperature, thermal decomposition initiation temperature, and decomposition peak temperature of the sample to be tested obtained in step two, the long-term storage stability test conditions are set according to the characteristics of the sample to be tested.

[0093] The characteristics of the samples to be tested include single-base gunpowder, double-base gunpowder, triple-base gunpowder, composite solid propellants, and explosives.

[0094] The long-term storage stability test conditions include the test temperature and the holding time.

[0095] In step three, the test temperature for single-base propellant is set at 125℃ and the holding time is set at 4.5h; the test temperature for double-base propellant, triple-base propellant, composite solid propellant, and explosive is set at 110℃ and the holding time is set at 6h.

[0096] Step 4, Sample loading: Accurately weigh 1g of the explosive sample prepared in step one, put it into reactor 1 of the long-term storage stability test system for explosives and seal it. Record the ambient temperature and humidity during the test filling. At the same test temperature, at least two parallel explosive samples need to be filled.

[0097] In step four, the error should not exceed 0.001g.

[0098] Step 5: High-temperature constant temperature test and pressure monitoring: Reactor 1, filled with explosive samples, is simultaneously placed in the reactor heating chamber 8 of a stability testing system that has been kept at a preset test temperature under the same test temperature for a constant temperature and heat preservation test. At the same time, the pressure measurement module of the stability testing system is used to dynamically monitor the gas pressure generated by the thermal decomposition of the sample and obtain the pressure-time curve.

[0099] In this embodiment, the pressure-time curve of a typical explosive sample at 110°C is shown below. Figure 11 As shown.

[0100] Step Six, Data Processing: Long-term storage stability test data are calculated according to P=P t -P1 formula processing: among the measurement data of at least two parallel explosive samples, the maximum value is taken as the measurement result; In the formula: P represents the gas pressure value generated by the decomposition of the explosive sample; P t This indicates the pressure value in reactor 1 when the explosive sample reaches the constant temperature holding time t (4.5h or 6h); P1 represents the pressure value in reactor 1 when the explosive sample is heated for 1 hour.

[0101] Step 7, Long-term storage stability evaluation: Using the stability threshold Pc as the evaluation criterion, when the gas pressure value P generated by the decomposition of the explosive sample is less than or equal to Pc, the long-term storage stability is qualified; otherwise, the long-term storage stability is unqualified.

[0102] The method of the present invention can evaluate the stability of solid explosives during storage and use, and solves the problems of lack of stability evaluation methods for solid explosives during storage and use, and large errors in the evaluation of long-term storage stability by existing methods.

[0103] This invention is based on real storage and use environment conditions. Under the condition of limited increase in storage environment temperature, it directly evaluates long-term storage stability by monitoring the gas pressure generated by the decomposition of explosives. The test conditions are more scientific and reasonable, which improves the accuracy of the test results. At the same time, the method is simple to operate, the test process is fully automated, and the requirements for experimental personnel are low.

Claims

1. A movable insulation sleeve for a long-term storage stability testing system for explosives, characterized in that, Includes a fixed base (901), the fixed base (901) includes an inner cylinder (90101), and an annular support base (90102) is integrally formed on the bottom of the inner cylinder (90101) and is vertically arranged between the inner cylinder (90101) and the annular support base (90102). The inner cylinder (90101) is fitted with an insulation sleeve (902), and the insulation sleeve (902) is fitted with a metal cover (903). The bottom ends of the insulation sleeve (902) and the metal cover (903) are both pressed against the annular support base (90102). The top of the inner cylinder (90101) is detachably fitted with an annular heat insulation cover (904). The central hole of the annular heat insulation cover (904), the central cavity of the inner cylinder (90101), and the central hole of the annular support base (90102) form a reactor through cavity (905) that is open at both ends. The bottom of the annular support base (90102) is coaxially provided with a first lower boss (90103); the top of the annular support base (90102) is coaxially provided with a first upper boss (90104). The lower part of the annular heat insulation cover (904) is provided with a second lower boss (90401), and the upper part of the annular heat insulation cover (904) is provided with a second upper boss (90402). The long-term storage stability testing system for explosives includes at least one reactor (1). The reactor (1) includes a top-open constant-volume reaction tube (101). A gas guide head (103) is covered on the opening of the constant-volume reaction tube (101) by a fastening nut (102). Sealing rings (104) are respectively provided between the constant-volume reaction tube (101) and the fastening nut (102) and between the constant-volume reaction tube (101) and the gas guide head (103). The gas guide head (103) is connected to the lower end of a capillary pressure transmission tube (105). The movable insulation sleeve (9) is inserted from top to bottom along the capillary pressure transmission tube (105) of the sealed reactor (1) and placed outside the capillary pressure transmission tube (105), in contact with the upper part of the fastening nut (102). The fastening nut (102) also serves as a limit. After the movable insulation sleeve (9) is assembled, the upper end of the sealed reactor (1) can expose all the external threads, which are used to connect the capillary pressure transmission tube (105) of the sealed reactor (1) with the connecting nut (204) at one end of the pressure measuring transmission tube (2) for threaded connection.

2. The movable insulation sleeve of the long-term storage stability testing system for explosives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation sleeve (902) is made of gypsum material; the thickness of the insulation sleeve (902) is 21mm.

3. The movable insulation sleeve of the long-term storage stability testing system for explosives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The metal cover (903) is a hollow mesh structure.

4. The movable insulation sleeve of the long-term storage stability testing system for explosives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The annular heat insulation cover (904) is made of ABS plastic material.

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