一种基于多目无人机的桥梁病害图像获取装置及病害检测方法

By combining multi-view drones with multi-functional shooting modules and the independently developed YOLO-FGE model, the problems of low efficiency and insufficient accuracy in traditional bridge defect detection have been solved. This has enabled comprehensive, blind-spot-free, and refined data collection and high-precision defect identification, improving detection efficiency and safety.

CN121725199BActive Publication Date: 2026-07-17CHANGSHA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
CHANGSHA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Filing Date
2025-12-09
Publication Date
2026-07-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Traditional bridge defect detection methods are inefficient and costly. Furthermore, they are difficult to obtain complete and high-definition images of defects at the bottom of bridges, on curved surfaces of piers, or in environments with insufficient lighting, resulting in insufficient detection accuracy and an inability to identify complex damage in a timely manner.

Method used

A bridge defect image acquisition device based on multi-view UAV is adopted, which combines a bottom binocular gimbal camera, a top vertically rotatable multi-functional shooting module and an automatic supplementary lighting system. The YOLO-FGE defect detection model is used for image preprocessing and recognition. The algorithm integrates frequency domain enhancement bottleneck structure, gated multi-scale feature fusion and multi-dimensional collaborative attention mechanism to achieve all-round, blind-spot-free fine data acquisition and defect identification.

Benefits of technology

It achieves comprehensive and blind-spot-free refined data collection, significantly improving the accuracy and robustness of disease identification, reducing false detection and missed detection rates, improving detection efficiency and safety, and avoiding the risks of personnel working at heights.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于多目无人机的桥梁病害图像获取装置及病害检测方法,该装置包括顶部和底部两个拍摄系统,共有三双目高清交互相机,底部拍摄系统能够使双目高清相机的成像平面上同时出现P的同名点P1、P2,保证双目高清相机对检测平面具有相同的拍摄区域,顶部拍摄系统可以进行水平拍摄与垂直拍摄,与底部的拍摄系统组成多目拍摄系统。病害检测方法的步骤包括:S1通过双目高清交互相机,从不同角度拍摄桥梁表面病害点的图像;S2对S1中拍摄的图像进行像素修正,将倾斜视角的图像统一校正为等效的垂直正射视图,并对图像进行预处理;S3构建YOLO‑FGE病害检测模型,识别桥梁的病害类型并精准定位其位置。
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