A special machine tool for machining three wire holes on the end face of axles

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of axle assembly machining, specifically to a special machine tool for machining three-hole threads on the end face of an axle. It includes a machine base with a clamp at one end, a horizontally adjustable housing at the upper part of the machine base, and a coaxial reversing device in the middle of the housing. The device's two output ends are coaxially aligned and rotate in opposite directions, respectively fixed to a main plate and a secondary plate. The main plate is coaxially keyed to a base plate, which has three plate seats arranged in a uniform circumferential array along its circumference. Each plate seat is fixed to a drive device, and the output end of the drive device is fixed to a twist drill. The secondary plate is coaxially fixed to a bearing plate, which has three rotating drums arranged in a uniform circumferential array along its circumference. Each drum has two symmetrically arranged drive devices, respectively fixed to a boring bar and a tap. This machine tool integrates drilling, reaming, and tapping processes through the coordinated operation of its components, achieving uninterrupted continuous machining without frequent transfers or repeated clamping. It effectively solves the defects of low machining efficiency and insufficient positioning accuracy in existing equipment, ensuring machining quality and adapting to the needs of large-scale axle production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of axle assembly machining, specifically to a special machine tool for machining three wire holes on the end face of an axle. Background Technology

[0002] As a core load-bearing component in rail transit, heavy vehicles, and other equipment, the three-hole end face of the axle is a crucial structural element for connecting the axle to components such as the wheel hub and brake disc. The machining accuracy and efficiency of these holes directly affect the assembly quality and service life of the axle, thus impacting the safety and stability of the equipment operation. Therefore, machining the three-hole end face of the axle is a critical process in axle production, placing extremely high demands on the professionalism and reliability of the machining equipment. Currently, the industry mainly relies on conventional general-purpose machine tools or simple combined machining equipment for machining the three-hole end face of axles. These machines generally suffer from numerous technical defects, the most prominent and urgent being low machining efficiency and disjointed process connections. This severely restricts the demand for large-scale axle production and makes it difficult to guarantee consistent machining accuracy.

[0003] When machining three-hole axle end faces using existing processing equipment, three core processes—drilling, reaming, and tapping—must be completed independently, making it impossible to achieve integrated continuous operation. Specifically, firstly, pre-drilled holes must be drilled on the axle end face using drilling equipment. After drilling, the axle must be manually removed from the drilling equipment and transferred to reaming equipment for repositioning and clamping to complete the reaming process. After reaming, the axle must be removed again and transferred to tapping equipment, repeating the positioning and clamping process before tapping. During this process, the axle transfer, repeated positioning, and clamping between processes consume a significant amount of time, resulting in excessively long processing cycles for a single axle and extremely low processing efficiency, failing to meet the capacity requirements of large-scale production. Furthermore, multiple positioning and clamping operations can easily lead to positioning deviations, making it difficult to guarantee the coaxiality and positional accuracy of drilling, reaming, and tapping. This can easily result in quality problems such as thread hole size deviations and thread stripping, increasing the axle scrap rate and raising production costs.

[0004] In summary, to address the core shortcomings of existing three-wire hole machining tools for axle end faces, such as disjointed processes, low processing efficiency, and insufficient positioning accuracy, we need to develop a special-purpose machining tool that can achieve uninterrupted continuous processing of the three processes of hole opening, hole enlargement, and tapping, with precise positioning and convenient operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a special machine tool for machining three wire holes on the end face of axles to address the existing technical problems.

[0006] To solve the problems of the prior art, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A special machine tool for machining three-wire holes on the end face of an axle includes:

[0008] A machine base with a clamp at the end has a housing that is adjustable in the horizontal direction at the upper end of the machine base. A coaxial reversing device is set in the middle of the housing. The two output ends of the coaxial reversing device are set on the same axis and rotate in opposite directions. The output end closer to the housing is fixedly connected to the main disk, and the output end farther away from the housing is fixedly connected to the auxiliary disk.

[0009] The main disk is coaxially connected to the base disk, and the base disk is arranged with three disk seats at equal angles along the circumference. Each disk seat is fixedly connected to a drive device, and the output end of each drive device is fixedly connected to a twist drill for machining preset holes on the axle.

[0010] The auxiliary plate is coaxially fixed to the bearing plate, and the bearing plate is arranged with three rotating cylinders in an equidistant array along the circumference. Each rotating cylinder is symmetrically arranged with two driving devices along the circumference. The output end of one driving device is fixed to a boring tool for enlarging the preset hole of the axle, and the output end of the other driving device is fixed to a tap for tapping the preset hole after enlarging.

[0011] Furthermore, translation devices are provided on both sides of the housing, and the translation devices are fixedly connected to the machine base and the output end is fixedly connected to the housing.

[0012] Furthermore, the main disk has guide grooves arranged at equal angles along the circumference, and the base disk has guide keys fixed at equal angles along the circumference on the side near the center, with the guide keys slidingly connected to the guide grooves.

[0013] Furthermore, cylinders are arranged in an equidistant array along the circumference of the base plate at one end of the shell, and a turntable is rotatably connected to the base plate at one end of the shell on the same axis.

[0014] The fixed end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the housing, and the output end is fixedly connected to the turntable.

[0015] Furthermore, a cylinder seat is provided on the side of the rotating cylinder near the bearing plate, which is slidably connected to the bearing plate, and the rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the cylinder seat;

[0016] The bearing plate is slidably arranged in an angular array along the circumference, and a slide table that moves along the radius of the bearing plate is provided. A fine-tuning mechanism is provided on the side of the slide table near the cylinder seat, and the slide table drives the cylinder seat to move through the fine-tuning mechanism.

[0017] Furthermore, the fine-tuning mechanism includes a connecting plate fixedly connected to the side of the cylinder seat near the bearing plate, with both sides of the connecting plate slidably connected to the bearing plate, and a pad slidably connected to the bearing plate on the side of the connecting plate near the slide table, the pad being fixedly connected to the slide table.

[0018] Two connecting grooves are provided in the middle of the pad, and the connecting plate is adjustablely connected to the connecting grooves by bolts.

[0019] Furthermore, a guide plate is provided on the side of the pad near the slide table, with one side of the guide plate abutting against the pad and the other side abutting against the slide table;

[0020] The guide plate has a clearance hole in the middle, and the connecting part of the slide passes through the clearance hole and is fixed to the pad.

[0021] Furthermore, a clamping platform is fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder base near the shell, a motor is fixedly connected to the middle of the clamping platform, and a chuck is fixedly connected to the other end of the rotating cylinder near the clamping platform on the same axis, with the output end of the motor fixedly connected to the chuck.

[0022] Furthermore, an air jet device for cleaning drill cuttings is fixed to the side of the rotating drum near the center. The air jet device is located on the side of the rotating drum where the two drive devices are close to each other.

[0023] Furthermore, the rotating cylinder has weight-reducing holes arranged at equal angles along the circumference.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0025] Firstly, this machine tool integrates three types of machining tools—twist drills, boring tools, and taps—through the coordinated operation of the machine base, housing, coaxial reversing device, main plate, auxiliary plate, base plate, bearing plate, and rotating drum. This enables uninterrupted continuous machining of three processes—opening, reaming, and tapping—on the end face of the axle. It eliminates the need for transferring the axle, repeated clamping, and tool switching, reducing the time spent on process connections, significantly shortening the machining cycle of a single axle, and improving the efficiency of large-scale production. At the same time, the simultaneous drilling of three twist drills on the base plate and the simultaneous operation of three rotating drums on the bearing plate further improves machining efficiency, meeting the needs of large-scale axle production.

[0026] Secondly, this machine tool achieves precise axle fixation through the fixture at the end of the machine table. The base plate and the main plate are connected by a sliding connection to ensure accurate positioning of the twist drill. The coaxial reversing device drives the main plate and the auxiliary plate to rotate in opposite directions, achieving precise switching of tool positions and avoiding interference. The rotating drum ensures that the boring tool, tap and preset hole are precisely aligned. Combined with the stable feed of the housing, it effectively ensures the consistency of coaxiality and position of hole opening, hole reaming and tapping, reducing quality problems such as hole size deviation and thread stripping. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram from another angle of the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the translation device and the housing in the embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 3Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 5 This is an exploded three-dimensional structural diagram of the coaxial reversing device and the housing in the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a top view of the coaxial reversing device and the rotating drum in the embodiment;

[0034] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Half-section view of the three-dimensional structure at point YY;

[0035] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Enlarged view of the structure at point C;

[0036] Figure 10 This is an exploded three-dimensional structural diagram of the bearing plate and rotating cylinder in the embodiment;

[0037] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Enlarged view of the structure at point D.

[0038] The numbers on the map are:

[0039] 1. Machine base; 2. Housing; 3. Translation device; 4. Coaxial reversal device; 5. Main plate; 6. Base plate; 7. Plate seat; 8. Cylinder; 9. Turntable; 10. Guide groove; 11. Guide key; 12. Slide table; 13. Fine adjustment mechanism; 14. Pad plate; 15. Connecting groove; 16. Connecting plate; 17. Guide plate; 18. Clearance perforation; 19. Secondary plate; 20. Support plate; 21. Rotary cylinder; 22. Air jet device; 23. Weight reduction hole; 24. Chuck; 25. Cylinder seat; 26. Motor; 27. Clamping table; 28. Twist drill; 29. ​​Boring tool; 30. Tap. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] refer to Figures 1 to 11 A special machine tool for machining three-wire holes on the end face of an axle, comprising:

[0042] A machine base 1 with a clamp at the end is provided. A housing 2 is adjustable in the horizontal direction at the upper end of the machine base 1. A coaxial reversing device 4 is provided in the middle of the housing 2. The two output ends of the coaxial reversing device 4 are coaxially arranged and rotate in opposite directions. A main disk 5 is fixedly connected to the output end closer to the housing 2, and a secondary disk 19 is fixedly connected to the output end farther away from the housing 2.

[0043] The main disk 5 is coaxially connected to the base disk 6. The base disk 6 is arranged with three disk seats 7 at equal angles along the circumference. Each disk seat 7 is fixedly connected to a drive device. The output end of each drive device is fixedly connected to a twist drill 28 for machining preset holes on the axle.

[0044] The auxiliary disk 19 is coaxially fixed to the bearing disk 20. The bearing disk 20 is arranged with three rotating cylinders 21 in an equidistant array along the circumference. Each rotating cylinder 21 is symmetrically arranged with two driving devices along the circumference. The output end of one driving device is fixedly connected to a boring tool 29 for enlarging the preset hole of the axle, and the output end of the other driving device is fixedly connected to a tap 30 for tapping the preset hole after enlarging.

[0045] When this machine tool is running, the axle is first precisely fixed by the fixture at the end of the machine base 1, ensuring that the axle does not shift and is accurately positioned during machining. Then, the base plate 6 moves along the axial direction towards the fixture until the three twist drills 28 on the base plate 6 abut against the preset machining positions on the axle end face. Immediately afterwards, the three drive devices at the base plate 6 start synchronously, drilling preset holes in the axle end face using the twist drills 28. During drilling, the housing 2 moves towards the fixture for the first time, providing power for the feed motion of the twist drills 28 and ensuring precise and controllable drilling depth. After the twist drills 28 complete drilling, the base plate 6 moves away from the fixture, returning to its initial position, and the drilling process ends.

[0046] After the drilling process is completed, the coaxial reversing device 4 is activated, and the main disk 5 and the auxiliary disk 19 rotate in opposite directions, so that the three twist drills 28 are completely misaligned with the positions of the three pre-drilled holes, avoiding interference in subsequent processes. At the same time, the bearing disk 20, which is fixed to the auxiliary disk 19, synchronously drives the three rotating drums 21 to rotate until the three rotating drums 21 are aligned with and positioned at the positions of the three pre-drilled holes. Subsequently, the three rotating drums 21 rotate synchronously, so that the boring tools 29 used for hole enlargement on each rotating drum 21 are aligned with the corresponding pre-drilled holes; then, the housing 2 moves towards the fixture for the second time, providing power for the feed of the boring tools 29. The boring tools 29 perform precise hole enlargement on the pre-drilled holes. After the hole enlargement is completed, the boring tools 29 are reset with the drive device and separated from the axle end.

[0047] After the reaming process is completed, the three rotating drums 21 rotate synchronously again until the taps 30 on each drum 21 are aligned with the pre-set holes after reaming. Finally, the housing 2 moves towards the fixture for the third time to provide power for the feed of the taps 30, which then precisely tap the holes after reaming. Thus, the axle end face completes the three processes of opening, reaming, and tapping in sequence, achieving uninterrupted continuous machining of the three-wire holes and effectively improving machining efficiency and accuracy.

[0048] To achieve stable horizontal movement of the housing 2, the following features are specifically designed:

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, translation devices 3 are respectively provided on both sides of the housing 2. The translation devices 3 are fixedly connected to the machine base 1 and their output ends are fixedly connected to the housing 2.

[0050] Under the action of the translation device 3, the housing 2 can be moved stably along the horizontal direction of the upper end of the machine table 1, providing stable power support for the feed motion of the twist drill 28, boring tool 29, and tap 30, ensuring that the housing 2 moves without deviation or shaking, thereby ensuring the accuracy of tool feed in each processing step. With the three feed actions of the housing 2, the drilling, reaming, and tapping processes can be accurately connected. At the same time, it can adapt to the processing requirements of axles of different lengths and specifications, improving the versatility of the equipment.

[0051] To achieve coaxial displacement between the base disk 6 and the main disk 5 without relative rotation, the following features are specifically designed:

[0052] like Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, the main disk 5 has guide grooves 10 arranged at equal angles along the circumference, and the base disk 6 has guide keys 11 fixed at equal angles along the circumference on the side near the center. The guide keys 11 are slidably connected to the guide grooves 10.

[0053] Under the sliding engagement of the guide key 11 and the guide groove 10, the base plate 6 can be smoothly displaced along the axis of the main plate 5, while the relative rotation between the base plate 6 and the main plate 5 is restricted. This ensures that the main plate 5 can rotate synchronously with the base plate 6, so that the three twist drills 28 on the base plate 6 always maintain an equiangular array state, accurately aligning with the preset machining position on the axle end face, avoiding drilling position deviation due to the offset of the base plate 6, and ensuring the consistency of the position of the three preset holes.

[0054] In order to move the base plate 6 without interfering with its rotation, the following features are specifically designed:

[0055] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, cylinders 8 are arranged in an equiangular array along the circumference of the base plate 6 at one end of the housing 2 near the base plate 6, and a turntable 9 is rotatably connected to the base plate 6 at one end of the base plate 6 near the housing 2 on the same axis.

[0056] The fixed end of cylinder 8 is fixedly connected to housing 2, and the output end is fixedly connected to turntable 9.

[0057] When cylinder 8 is started, its output end can push turntable 9 to move along the axial direction. Since turntable 9 and base plate 6 are coaxially rotatably connected, they can drive base plate 6 to move synchronously along the axial direction, realizing the contact and separation of twist drill 28 and axle end face. At the same time, the rotatable connection design of turntable 9 and base plate 6 can avoid the cylinder 8 from interfering with the rotation of base plate 6 with the rotation of main plate 5 when it pushes base plate 6 to move. This ensures that base plate 6 can not only realize axial displacement to complete drilling feed, but also realize position switching with the rotation of main plate 5, ensuring the smoothness of process connection.

[0058] To prevent the drive unit at the base plate 6 and the rotating cylinder 21 at the bearing plate 20 from colliding when the coaxial reversing device 4 is started, the following features are specifically provided:

[0059] like Figure 4 and Figure 10 As shown, a cylinder seat 25 is provided on the side of the rotating cylinder 21 near the bearing plate 20, which is slidably connected to the bearing plate 20, and the rotating cylinder 21 is rotatably connected to the cylinder seat 25.

[0060] The bearing plate 20 is slidably arranged in an angular array along the circumference, and a slide table 12 is moved along the radius of the bearing plate 20. A fine adjustment mechanism 13 is provided on the side of the slide table 12 near the cylinder seat 25. The slide table 12 drives the cylinder seat 25 to move through the fine adjustment mechanism 13.

[0061] When the coaxial reversing device 4 is activated and drives the main disk 5 and the auxiliary disk 19 to rotate in opposite directions, the slide table 12 can move along the radius of the bearing disk 20. In conjunction with the fine-tuning mechanism 13, it drives the cylinder seat 25 and the rotating cylinder 21 to move synchronously, thereby adjusting the distance between the rotating cylinder 21 and the center of the bearing disk 20, avoiding collision interference between the rotating cylinder 21 and the drive device on the base disk 6. At the same time, the sliding connection between the cylinder seat 25 and the bearing disk 20, and the rotational connection between the rotating cylinder 21 and the cylinder seat 25, can ensure that the rotating cylinder 21 can not only switch positions with the bearing disk 20, but also switch between the boring tool 29 and the tap 30 through its own rotation, and can also achieve fine-tuning of position through the movement of the slide table 12, improving the flexibility and safety of processing.

[0062] To further elaborate on the specific structure of the fine-tuning mechanism 13, the following features are also provided:

[0063] like Figure 4 and Figure 11 As shown, the fine-tuning mechanism 13 includes a connecting plate 16 fixedly connected to the side of the cylinder seat 25 near the bearing plate 20. The two sides of the connecting plate 16 are slidably connected to the bearing plate 20 respectively. A pad 14 slidably connected to the bearing plate 20 is provided on the side of the connecting plate 16 near the slide table 12. The pad 14 is fixedly connected to the slide table 12.

[0064] Two connecting grooves 15 are provided in the middle of the pad 14, and the connecting plate 16 is adjustablely connected to the connecting grooves 15 by bolts.

[0065] When fine-tuning of the position of the rotating drum 21 is required, loosening the bolts can push the connecting plate 16 to slide along the connecting groove 15 on the pad 14, thereby driving the drum seat 25 and the rotating drum 21 to move synchronously, achieving precise fine-tuning of the position of the rotating drum 21. After fine-tuning, tightening the bolts can fix the connecting plate 16 and the pad 14, ensuring the stability of the rotating drum 21 and preventing displacement during processing. The sliding connection between the connecting plate 16 and the bearing plate 20, and the sliding connection between the pad 14 and the bearing plate 20, can ensure the smooth movement of the drum seat 25 during fine-tuning, while adapting to the processing requirements of different specifications of axles and improving the adaptability of the equipment.

[0066] In order to guide and limit the side of the pad 14 near the slide table 12, the following features are specifically provided:

[0067] like Figure 11 As shown, a guide plate 17 is provided on the side of the pad 14 near the slide table 12. One side of the guide plate 17 abuts against the pad 14, and the other side abuts against the slide table 12.

[0068] The guide plate 17 has a clearance hole 18 in the middle, and the connecting part of the slide table 12 passes through the clearance hole 18 and is fixedly connected to the pad plate 14.

[0069] When the slide table 12 moves the pad 14, the guide plate 17 can guide and limit the movement of the pad 14 along the radius of the bearing plate 20, preventing the pad 14 from shifting or tilting during movement, and ensuring that the pad 14 moves smoothly with the connecting plate 16, the cylinder seat 25 and the rotating cylinder 21. The avoidance hole 18 on the guide plate 17 can avoid the connection part of the slide table 12, preventing interference between the guide plate 17 and the connection part of the slide table 12, while further strengthening the connection stability between the slide table 12 and the pad 14, ensuring the normal operation of the fine adjustment mechanism 13, and indirectly improving the machining accuracy.

[0070] To achieve stable rotation of the rotating drum 21, the following features are specifically designed:

[0071] like Figure 5 and Figure 10 As shown, a clamping platform 27 is fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder base 25 near the housing 2, and a motor 26 is fixedly connected to the middle of the clamping platform 27. A chuck 24 is coaxially fixed to one end of the rotating cylinder 21 near the clamping platform 27, and the output end of the motor 26 is fixedly connected to the chuck 24.

[0072] When it is necessary to switch between the boring bar 29 and the tap 30 on the rotating drum 21, the motor 26 starts, and its output drives the chuck 24 to rotate synchronously. Since the chuck 24 and the rotating drum 21 are coaxially fixed, the rotating drum 21 can be driven to rotate stably on the drum base 25, realizing the rapid switching between the boring bar 29 and the tap 30. The chuck 27 can provide fixed support for the motor 26, ensuring the stability of the motor 26 during operation, preventing the rotating drum 21 from rotating off-center due to the shaking of the motor 26, ensuring that the boring bar 29 and the tap 30 can be accurately aligned with the preset hole, improving the efficiency and accuracy of process switching, and helping to achieve smooth continuous processing.

[0073] To clean debris from the working holes and prevent it from affecting the machining process during assembly, the following features are specifically included:

[0074] like Figure 10 As shown, an air jet device 22 for cleaning drill cuttings is fixed to the side of the rotating drum 21 near the center. The air jet device 22 is located on the side of the rotating drum 21 where the two drive devices are close to each other.

[0075] The air jet device 22 is used after each of the drilling, reaming, and tapping processes is completed. Driven by the rotary drum 21, it rotates to the corresponding hole position to clean the hole with air before proceeding to the next machining step. Specifically, after drilling, the rotary drum 21 drives the air jet device 22 to align with the preset hole and sprays gas to clean away residual drilling debris. After reaming, the rotary drum 21 drives the air jet device 22 to align with the hole again to clean away debris generated during reaming. Before tapping, the air jet device 22 cleans the reamed hole to prevent debris from affecting the tapping quality. This thoroughly removes residual debris inside and around the hole, preventing debris from affecting subsequent machining accuracy, while also reducing tool wear and extending tool life.

[0076] To reduce the weight of the rotating drum 21, the following features are specifically designed:

[0077] like Figure 10 As shown, the rotating cylinder 21 has weight-reducing holes 23 arranged at equal angles along the circumference.

[0078] Without affecting the structural strength and performance of the drum 21, the weight reduction hole 23 can effectively reduce the overall weight of the drum 21, reduce the load when the motor 26 drives the drum 21 to rotate, reduce the energy consumption of the motor 26, and at the same time improve the flexibility and stability of the drum 21 rotation, speed up the switching speed of the boring tool 29 and the tap 30, and help improve the efficiency of process connection.

[0079] The detailed working principle of this machine tool is as follows:

[0080] Before operating the machine tool, adjust the positions of the rotary drum 21 and twist drill 28 using the fine-tuning mechanisms 13 according to the axle specifications and the requirements for machining the three-wire holes to ensure accurate machining positions. Simultaneously, check the operating status of each drive unit, translation device 3, cylinder 8, motor 26, and other components to ensure normal equipment operation. During operation, first place the axle in the fixture at the end of the machine base 1. The fixture precisely fixes the axle to prevent displacement during machining, ensuring subsequent machining accuracy.

[0081] After fixing, cylinder 8 starts, and its output end pushes the turntable 9 to move, which in turn drives the base plate 6 to move along the axis of the main plate 5 towards the fixture until the three equally angled array of twist drills 28 on the base plate 6 precisely abuts against the preset machining position on the axle end face. Subsequently, the drive devices at the three plate seats 7 on the base plate 6 start synchronously, driving the twist drills 28 to rotate at high speed. At the same time, the translation device 3 drives the housing 2 to move horizontally towards the fixture for the first time, providing stable power for the feed motion of the twist drills 28 and ensuring precise and controllable drilling depth. After drilling is completed, the drive device stops running, and cylinder 8 drives the base plate 6 to return to its initial position away from the fixture, completing the drilling process.

[0082] Subsequently, the drive device corresponding to the boring bar 29 on the rotary drum 21 is activated, causing the boring bar 29 to rotate at high speed. The translation device 3 drives the housing 2 to move towards the fixture for the second time, providing power for the feed of the boring bar 29. The boring bar 29 performs precise reaming of the preset hole. After the reaming is completed, the drive device stops running, the boring bar 29 returns to its original position and separates from the end of the axle. At this time, the rotary drum 21 drives the air jet device 22 to rotate to the position of the reamed hole, and the air jet device 22 is activated to clean the reamed debris in the hole. After cleaning, the reaming process is officially completed.

[0083] After the reaming process is completed, motor 26 restarts, driving drum 21 to rotate. First, the air jet device 22 moves away from the hole, then rotates until tap 30 is aligned with the pre-set hole after reaming. Motor 26 then stops. Immediately afterward, the drive device corresponding to tap 30 starts, driving tap 30 to rotate at high speed. Translation device 3 moves housing 2 towards the fixture for the third time, providing power for tap 30 feed. Tap 30 performs precise tapping on the reamed hole. After tapping is complete, the drive device stops, tap 30 resets, and drum 21 drives air jet device 22 to align with the tapped hole again, cleaning any remaining debris. Then, translation device 3 moves housing 2 back to its initial position.

[0084] Finally, the fixture is released, and the machined axle is removed, completing the entire machining process for the three-wire holes on the end face of a single axle. Throughout the process, the three processes of drilling, reaming, and tapping are carried out continuously without interruption, eliminating the need for manual transfer, repeated clamping of workpieces, and tool switching, thus significantly improving machining efficiency and accuracy.

[0085] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A machine tool for processing three wire holes of an axle end face, characterized in that, include: A machine base (1) with a clamp at the end is provided. A housing (2) is provided at the upper end of the machine base (1) in a horizontal direction. A coaxial reversing device (4) is provided in the middle of the housing (2). The two output ends of the coaxial reversing device (4) are coaxially arranged and rotate in opposite directions. The output end closer to the housing (2) is fixedly connected to the main disk (5), and the output end farther away from the housing (2) is fixedly connected to the auxiliary disk (19). The main disk (5) is coaxially connected to the base disk (6). The base disk (6) is arranged with three disk seats (7) at equal angles along the circumference. Each disk seat (7) is fixedly connected to a drive device. The output end of each drive device is fixedly connected to a twist drill (28) for machining preset holes on the axle. The auxiliary disk (19) is coaxially fixed to the bearing disk (20). The bearing disk (20) is arranged with three rotating cylinders (21) in an equiangular array along the circumferential direction. Each rotating cylinder (21) is symmetrically arranged with two driving devices along the circumferential direction. The output end of one driving device is fixed to a boring tool (29) for enlarging the preset hole of the axle. The output end of the other driving device is fixed to a tap (30) for tapping the preset hole after enlarging.

2. The special machine tool for machining three-wire holes on the end face of an axle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Translation devices (3) are provided on both sides of the housing (2). The translation devices (3) are fixedly connected to the machine base (1) and the output end is fixedly connected to the housing (2).

3. The special machine tool for machining three-wire holes on the end face of an axle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main disk (5) has guide grooves (10) arranged at equal angles along the circumference. The base disk (6) has guide keys (11) fixed at equal angles along the circumference on the side near the center. The guide keys (11) are slidably connected to the guide grooves (10).

4. A special machine tool for machining three-wire holes on the end face of an axle according to claim 3, characterized in that, Cylinders (8) are arranged in an equiangular array along the circumference of the base plate (6) at one end of the shell (2) near the base plate (6), and a turntable (9) is rotatably connected to the base plate (6) near the shell (2) on the same axis. The fixed end of the cylinder (8) is fixedly connected to the housing (2), and the output end is fixedly connected to the turntable (9).

5. A special machine tool for machining three-wire holes on the end face of an axle according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cylinder seat (25) is provided on the side of the rotating cylinder (21) near the bearing plate (20) and is slidably connected to the bearing plate (20). The rotating cylinder (21) and the cylinder seat (25) are rotatably connected. The bearing plate (20) is slidably arranged in an angular array along the circumference and has a slide table (12) that moves along the radius of the bearing plate (20). A fine adjustment mechanism (13) is provided on the side of the slide table (12) near the cylinder seat (25). The slide table (12) drives the cylinder seat (25) to move through the fine adjustment mechanism (13).

6. A special machine tool for machining three-wire holes on the end face of an axle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fine-tuning mechanism (13) includes a connecting plate (16) fixedly connected to the side of the cylinder seat (25) near the bearing plate (20). The two sides of the connecting plate (16) are slidably connected to the bearing plate (20). A pad (14) is provided on the side of the connecting plate (16) near the slide table (12) and is slidably connected to the bearing plate (20). The pad (14) is fixedly connected to the slide table (12). Two connecting grooves (15) are provided in the middle of the pad (14), and the connecting plate (16) is adjustablely connected to the connecting grooves (15) by bolts.

7. A special machine tool for machining three-wire holes on the end face of an axle according to claim 6, characterized in that, A guide plate (17) is provided on the side of the pad (14) near the slide (12). One side of the guide plate (17) abuts against the pad (14), and the other side abuts against the slide (12). The guide plate (17) has a clearance hole (18) in the middle. The connecting part of the slide (12) passes through the clearance hole (18) and is fixedly connected to the pad plate (14).

8. A special machine tool for machining three-wire holes on the end face of an axle according to claim 1, characterized in that, A clamping platform (27) is fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder base (25) near the shell (2). A motor (26) is fixedly connected to the middle of the clamping platform (27). A chuck (24) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating cylinder (21) near the clamping platform (27) along the same axis. The output end of the motor (26) is fixedly connected to the chuck (24).

9. A special machine tool for machining three-wire holes on the end face of an axle according to claim 8, characterized in that, A jetting device (22) for cleaning drill cuttings is fixed to one side of the rotating drum (21) near the center. The jetting device (22) is located on the side of the rotating drum (21) where the two drive devices are close to each other.

10. A special machine tool for machining three-wire holes on the end face of an axle according to claim 9, characterized in that, The rotating cylinder (21) has weight-reducing holes (23) arranged at equal angles along the circumference.

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