Railway engineering bim inspection pricing method and system based on multi-dimensional mapping and blockchain credible evidence

Abstract

The present application provides a railway engineering BIM inspection valuation method and system based on multi-dimensional mapping and blockchain trusted record, the method comprises the following steps: decomposing railway engineering according to railway engineering EBS to obtain a plurality of EBS nodes, constructing EBS code for each EBS node, and obtaining railway engineering BIM model; constructing four-dimensional code mapping; obtaining inspection batch state data, determining EBS node state based on inspection batch state data by using four-dimensional code mapping, when detecting that the state of an EBS node changes to acceptance completion, extracting the engineering quantity increment corresponding to the EBS node whose state changes to acceptance completion; extracting the list quantity of the EBS node whose state changes to acceptance completion by using the mapping between EBS code in four-dimensional code mapping and bill of quantities to generate a structured form, auditing the structured form on the blockchain according to the set process, and recording the audit on the blockchain for global consensus; when the audit of the structured form passes according to the set process, triggering the payment link, and storing the payment record on the chain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of information technology integration in construction engineering and blockchain, and in particular to a method and system for BIM-based construction project verification and pricing in railway engineering based on multi-dimensional mapping and blockchain trusted storage. Background Technology

[0002] BIM-based verification and pricing in railway engineering refers to the scientific and standardized methods used in railway construction project management to verify and price completed work quantities, providing a basis for project payment, cost control, and final settlement. With the intelligent transformation of railway engineering construction, traditional BIM verification and pricing methods are facing increasingly prominent issues of efficiency and reliability due to insufficient technological integration.

[0003] The problems with existing technologies include: (1) Although current BIM technology can realize the digital construction of engineering models, the lack of dynamic linkage mechanism between model data and Engineering Breakdown Structure (EBS) and Bill of Quantities leads to the reliance on manual analysis for quantity extraction, which cannot respond to changes in project progress in real time. (2) Current applications of blockchain technology in the engineering field are mostly limited to static data storage, lacking deep integration with dynamic business processes such as BIM model updates and EBS status transitions, making it difficult to achieve full-process credible traceability of audit records and quantity data. (3) The current mapping relationship between BIM models and EBS levels relies on manual maintenance. When engineering design changes or construction progress is adjusted, model data cannot automatically trigger quantity calculation and pricing logic, resulting in pricing results lagging behind actual project progress. (4) In the traditional audit process, the storage method of quantity data and audit records lacks anti-tampering capabilities. Once a dispute arises, it is difficult to quickly verify the integrity of the data through technical means, increasing project management risks.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a railway engineering BIM-based acceptance and pricing method with automated processing capabilities, reliable full-process traceability, and real-time pricing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a method and system for railway engineering BIM verification and pricing based on multidimensional mapping and blockchain trusted evidence storage, in order to eliminate or improve one or more defects existing in the prior art.

[0006] One aspect of the present invention provides a BIM-based method for railway engineering construction verification and pricing based on multi-dimensional mapping and blockchain trusted evidence storage, the method comprising the following steps: The railway project is decomposed into multiple EBS nodes according to the EBS structure. An EBS code is constructed for each EBS node, and the railway project BIM model is obtained. The railway project BIM model includes a unique component identifier for each component. Constructing a four-dimensional coding mapping includes: establishing a mapping between the EBS code and the inspection lot, establishing a mapping between the EBS code and the bill of quantities, and establishing a mapping between the EBS code and the components included in the BIM model; Obtain inspection batch status data, and use the four-dimensional encoding mapping to determine the EBS node status based on the inspection batch status data. When an EBS node status change is detected as acceptance completed, extract the incremental work volume corresponding to the EBS node whose status change is acceptance completed. The EBS node status includes acceptance completed, partial acceptance, and acceptance not started. By utilizing the mapping between EBS codes and bill of quantities in the four-dimensional coding mapping, a structured form including the incremental quantity of the project, pricing details, and audit signature is generated. The structured form is audited on the blockchain according to the set process, and the audit record is recorded in the blockchain network consensus. Once the structured form has been approved according to the set process, the payment process is triggered, and the payment record is stored on the blockchain.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the batch number includes project number, work point type, work point sequence number, hierarchical code and batch number; the EBS code includes project number, work point type, work point sequence number and hierarchical code; the component unique identifier belongs to the UUID-4 standard random code; the bill of quantities code includes contract number and parent code, the contract number corresponds to the bid section, and the parent code and EBS node can establish a mapping relationship.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, establishing the mapping between the EBS code and the inspection batch includes: creating a batch attribute table under the EBS last-level node, where the hierarchical code included in the inspection batch number matches the hierarchical code included in the EBS code, and the batch number is stored as an attribute field to realize the mapping between the EBS code and the inspection batch; establishing the mapping between the EBS code and the bill of quantities includes: extracting the codes of the EBS code and the bill of quantities, and establishing the mapping between the EBS node and the parent and child codes in the bill of quantities level by level based on a preset mapping table.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the determination of the EBS node status based on the inspection batch status data using the four-dimensional coding mapping includes: obtaining the inspection batch status data of all inspection batches under the current EBS node; when all inspection batch status data indicate that the current EBS node has passed, the status of the current EBS node is considered to be completed; wherein, the engineering quantity for railway engineering BIM verification and pricing refers to the engineering quantity of the components corresponding to the completed EBS node; the method further includes: based on the mapping relationship between EBS codes and BIM models in the four-dimensional coding mapping, visually displaying the EBS structure in the form of a tree diagram using BIM, and using different colors to distinguish the status of EBS nodes.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method further includes a quantity verification step, comprising: calculating the full quantity of work for railway engineering BIM verification and pricing according to a set time frequency, verifying the quantity increment based on the full quantity of work; and / or comparing the quantity increment calculated through different data sources, calculating the quantity increment deviation, and triggering an early warning when the quantity increment deviation exceeds a set threshold.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the basic information of the incremental quantity of work includes the name of the newly accepted project, the section, the construction unit and the audit date; the pricing details include the code, name, unit, quantity in the bill of quantities, BIM quantity, audited quantity, unit price and total price; and the audit signatures include the electronic signature fields of the professional supervisor, the chief supervisor and the construction unit.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the setting process includes: a professional supervisor reviewing the consistency between the BIM component status and the site, a chief supervisor reviewing the logical consistency between the total EBS quantity and the BIM engineering quantity, and the construction unit reviewing the compliance of the unit price and the completeness of the payment conditions.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the payment process includes: when it is detected that the review of a structured form has been fully approved according to the set process, a payment notification is sent to the finance department, and the payment voucher uploaded by the finance department is received, the hash value of the payment voucher is generated, and the hash value, EBS code and payment timestamp of the payment voucher are used as payment records for on-chain storage.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the blockchain includes a main chain and a side chain. The main chain is used to store structured data including inspection batch numbers, EBS codes, audit signatures, and payment instructions. The side chain is used to store BIM models, construction images, and payment vouchers.

[0015] Corresponding to the above methods, the present invention also provides a railway engineering BIM verification and pricing system based on multidimensional mapping and blockchain trusted evidence storage, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program / instructions stored in the memory. The processor is used to execute the computer program / instructions. When the computer program / instructions are executed, the system implements the steps of any of the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0016] The railway engineering BIM verification and pricing method and system proposed in this invention, based on multi-dimensional mapping and blockchain trusted evidence storage, helps to solve the data silo problem by constructing a four-dimensional mapping, which improves the efficiency and accuracy of data association and facilitates real-time extraction of project progress. On the other hand, the dual-chain blockchain evidence storage and on-chain multi-level auditing ensure the immutability of railway engineering BIM verification and pricing data and the credibility of data throughout the entire process, thereby improving project management efficiency and risk control capabilities.

[0017] Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and will also become apparent in part to those skilled in the art upon studying the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained by means of the structures specifically pointed out in the description and drawings.

[0018] Those skilled in the art will understand that the objectives and advantages achievable with the present invention are not limited to those specifically described above, and that the above and other objectives achievable with the present invention will become clearer from the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a railway engineering BIM-based project acceptance and pricing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the railway engineering BIM inspection and pricing process in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the dynamic mapping between BIM, bill of quantities, and EBS in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a blockchain evidence storage architecture in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the computer equipment included in the system. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this invention are used to explain the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention.

[0025] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and / or processing steps closely related to the solution according to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to the invention are omitted.

[0026] It should be emphasized that the term "including / comprises" as used herein refers to the presence of a feature, element, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, steps, or components.

[0027] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the term "connection" in this article can refer not only to a direct connection, but also to an indirect connection involving an intermediary.

[0028] In the following description, embodiments of the invention will be illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same or similar parts, or the same or similar steps.

[0029] To overcome the problems of existing technologies, this invention proposes a railway engineering BIM inspection and pricing method and system based on multi-dimensional mapping and blockchain trusted evidence storage. This method solves the data silo problem by constructing a four-dimensional coding mapping of inspection batch-EBS-BIM-list, ensures data immutability by introducing dual-chain blockchain evidence storage and on-chain multi-level audit, automatically triggers payment by introducing smart contract technology, and significantly saves manpower through fully automated online railway engineering BIM inspection and pricing.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a BIM-based project verification and pricing method for railway engineering, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes the following steps: Step S110: Decompose the railway project according to the EBS to obtain multiple EBS nodes, construct an EBS code for each EBS node, and obtain the railway project BIM model; wherein, the railway project BIM model includes the unique component identifier of each component.

[0031] Step S120: Construct a four-dimensional coding mapping, including: establishing a mapping between the EBS code and the inspection batch, establishing a mapping between the EBS code and the bill of quantities, and establishing a mapping between the EBS code and the components included in the BIM model.

[0032] Step S130: Obtain inspection batch status data, and determine the EBS node status based on the inspection batch status data using the four-dimensional coding mapping. When an EBS node status change is detected as acceptance completed, extract the incremental engineering quantity corresponding to the EBS node whose status change is acceptance completed. The EBS node status includes acceptance completed, partial acceptance, and acceptance not started.

[0033] Specifically, the number of EBS nodes that have been accepted is extracted by using the mapping between EBS codes and bill of quantities in the four-dimensional coding mapping, and a structured form is generated by combining the number of EBS nodes that have been accepted.

[0034] Step S140: Using the mapping between EBS code and bill of quantities in the four-dimensional coding mapping, generate a structured form including the incremental quantity of the project, pricing details and audit signature. Audit the structured form on the blockchain according to the set process, and record the audit on the blockchain for network consensus.

[0035] Step S150: When the structured form has been fully approved according to the set process, the payment process is triggered, and the payment record is stored on the blockchain.

[0036] Among them, work completion verification and valuation is a complete process in project management and engineering construction, with the core objective of determining and paying for the project. The work completion verification and valuation process can be divided into three stages: work completion verification (acceptance of the project), valuation (calculation of the price), and payment (payment of the project funds).

[0037] By adopting this embodiment of the invention, on the one hand, the construction of a four-dimensional mapping helps to solve the problem of data silos and improve the efficiency and accuracy of data association. The four-dimensional mapping also facilitates the real-time extraction of project progress. On the other hand, the dual-chain storage and multi-level on-chain auditing of blockchain help to ensure the immutability of railway engineering BIM verification and pricing data and the credibility of the entire process data, thereby improving project management efficiency and risk control capabilities.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, the coding of each dimension is as follows: (1) The number of the inspection batch includes the project number, work point type, work point sequence number, level code and batch number; (2) The EBS coding includes the project number, work point type, work point sequence number and level code; (3) The unique identifier of the component belongs to the UUID-4 standard random code; (4) The coding of the bill of quantities includes the contract number and the parent code, the contract number corresponds to the bid section, and the parent code and the EBS node can establish a mapping relationship.

[0039] By adopting this embodiment of the invention, the proposed coding rules for four dimensions—inspection batch, EBS, BIM, and bill of quantities—can achieve subsequent four-dimensional coding mapping. Based on the four-dimensional coding mapping, the quantity of work can be extracted automatically in real time, which helps to get rid of the dependence on manual labor for railway work inspection and pricing, and can respond to changes in project progress in real time.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, establishing the mapping between the EBS code and the inspection batch includes: creating a batch attribute table under the EBS last-level node, matching the hierarchical code included in the inspection batch number with the hierarchical code included in the EBS code, and storing the batch number as an attribute field to realize the mapping between the EBS code and the inspection batch.

[0041] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, establishing the mapping between the EBS code and the bill of quantities includes: extracting the EBS code and the code of the bill of quantities, and establishing the mapping between the EBS node and the parent and child codes in the bill of quantities layer by layer based on a preset mapping table.

[0042] The present invention provides a specific implementation path for four-dimensional encoding mapping, which is beneficial for solving the data silo problem and for the dynamic extraction of subsequent engineering quantities.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the EBS node status is determined based on the inspection batch status data using the four-dimensional coding mapping, including: obtaining the inspection batch status data of all inspection batches under the current EBS node; when all inspection batch status data indicate that the current EBS node has passed, the status of the current EBS node is determined to be completed; wherein, the engineering quantity of railway engineering BIM verification and pricing refers to the engineering quantity of the components corresponding to the completed EBS node.

[0044] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: based on the mapping relationship between EBS encoding and BIM model in the four-dimensional encoding mapping, visually displaying the EBS structure in the form of a tree diagram using BIM, and using different colors to distinguish the status of EBS nodes.

[0045] By employing this embodiment of the invention, the four-dimensional coding mapping can be used to achieve real-time synchronization of construction progress and pricing data, and to automatically extract the quantity of work, which helps to eliminate errors caused by human intervention.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method further includes a quantity verification step, comprising: calculating the full quantity of work for railway engineering BIM verification and pricing according to a set time frequency, verifying the quantity increment based on the full quantity of work; and / or comparing the quantity increment calculated through different data sources, calculating the quantity increment deviation, and triggering an early warning when the quantity increment deviation exceeds a set threshold.

[0047] By adopting this embodiment of the invention, the risk of deviation in the verification and pricing of work can be reduced through engineering quantity verification technology, which helps to ensure the accuracy of the verification and pricing and effectively avoids errors caused by manual statistics.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, the basic information of the incremental quantity of work includes the name of the newly accepted project, the section, the construction unit and the audit date; the pricing details include the code, name, unit, quantity in the bill of quantities, BIM quantity, audited quantity, unit price and total price; and the audit signatures include the electronic signature fields of the professional supervisor, the chief supervisor and the construction unit.

[0049] By employing this embodiment of the invention, the structured form can be consensus-based on the blockchain, thereby enabling the review process to be conducted on-chain. This is beneficial for ensuring the immutability of the review process in the work verification and pricing process, as well as for ensuring data security and the traceability of the review process.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, the setting process includes: a professional supervisor reviewing the consistency between the BIM component status and the site, a chief supervisor reviewing the logical consistency between the total EBS and the BIM engineering quantity, and the construction unit reviewing the compliance of the unit price and the completeness of the payment conditions.

[0051] Using this embodiment of the invention is beneficial for achieving multi-level on-chain review with scientific division of labor.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the payment process includes: when it is detected that the review of a structured form has been fully approved according to the set process, a payment notification is sent to the finance department, and the payment voucher uploaded by the finance department is received, the hash value of the payment voucher is generated, and the hash value, EBS code and payment timestamp of the payment voucher are used as payment records for on-chain storage.

[0053] By employing this embodiment of the invention, trusted blockchain evidence storage can be achieved in the payment process, ensuring the traceability of the payment process.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, the blockchain includes a main chain and a side chain. The main chain is used to store structured data including inspection batch numbers, EBS codes, audit signatures and payment instructions. The side chain is used to store BIM models, construction images and payment vouchers.

[0055] Using a dual-chain blockchain storage method to ensure the immutability of data enables reliable data storage throughout the entire process of railway engineering BIM verification and pricing, which is conducive to improving project management efficiency and risk control capabilities.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the railway engineering BIM-based acceptance and pricing process in one embodiment of the present invention. The railway engineering BIM-based acceptance and pricing process, based on BIM dynamic mapping and blockchain trusted storage, includes three stages: data extraction and form generation, multi-level on-chain review, and blockchain storage and payment.

[0057] In the above embodiments, the data extraction and form generation process includes: (1) updating the inspection batch acceptance status; (2) updating the EBS distribution item status; (3) parsing the BIM engine to extract the engineering quantity and match the list item; and (4) generating a formatted form based on the extracted engineering quantity and the matched list item.

[0058] In the above embodiments, the multi-level chain review process includes: (1) submission / correction by the construction unit; (2) review by the review unit; (3) review by the construction unit; and (4) payment triggering.

[0059] In the above embodiments, the blockchain evidence storage and payment process includes: (1) Based on the dual-chain evidence storage mechanism, the main chain stores structured data such as inspection batch number, EBS code, engineering quantity hash (SHA-256 (engineering quantity data)), audit signature, and payment instructions, while the side chain stores data such as BIM model, construction images, and payment vouchers.

[0060] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the dynamic mapping between BIM, Bill of Quantities, and EBS in one embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides an example of the coding rules and mapping establishment steps for the four-dimensional dynamic mapping of inspection batches, EBS, BIM, and Bill of Quantities. By establishing a standardized association system for multi-source data, the problem of data silos in traditional models is solved, which is beneficial for achieving accurate mapping and dynamic linkage between inspection batches, EBS (Engineering Breakdown Structure), BIM models, and Bill of Quantities.

[0061] The coding rules for the four dimensions are as follows: (1) Inspection batch numbering rule format: Project number - Work point type - Work point sequence number - Hierarchical code - Batch number Example: xjgqtl-03-0001-030101010101010301-001. xjgqtl: Project unique identifier (such as the pinyin abbreviation of "New High-speed Railway Project"); 03: Work point type code (fixed code, such as "Bridge Engineering" corresponding to 03); 0001: Work point serial number; 030101010101010301: Level 6 EBS hierarchical code (Unit project → Sub-project → Item project → Inspection batch level); 001: Batch number (incremented when the same inspection batch is inspected multiple times). An inspection batch refers to the most basic and fundamental unit or batch used for quality inspection and classification. (2) EBS coding rule format: Project number - Work point type - Work point sequence number - Hierarchical code Example: xjgqtl-03-0001-030101010101010301. Characteristics: Consistent with the first four segments of the inspection batch number, omitting the batch number, realizing a one-to-many association between "EBS node - inspection batch". (3) BIM component unique identifier rule format: UUID-4 standard random code (e.g., 01e132d7-4036-43e8-9654-87520df69604). The UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) ​​in the component unique identifier is automatically generated by the BIM modeling software API and written into the component attributes to ensure that the model and physical components are bound together for life. (4) List coding rule format: Contract number - Parent code (e.g., xjgqtl-05010101010101). Mapping logic: Contract number corresponds to bid section, and the parent and child codes follow the "Railway Engineering Quantity List Pricing Specification" (e.g., 05010101010101 represents bridge pile foundation concrete).

[0062] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of establishing the four-dimensional coding mapping of inspection batch-EBS-BIM-list includes: (1) Establish the mapping between EBS nodes and the bill of quantities: ; in, Let i be the i-th node in the decomposition tree. For the j-th sub-item in the bill of quantities, This refers to the chapter number to which the sub-item belongs.

[0063] Extract the EBS code and the bill of quantities code, and convert them by setting a mapping table at each level (e.g., EBS code 0301 represents the substructure of the bridge = bill of quantities code 0501 represents the substructure of the bridge), to realize the mapping between the parent and child codes of EBS and the bill of quantities.

[0064] (2) Establish the mapping between EBS nodes and inspection batches: Create a batch attribute table under the EBS last-level node. The hierarchical code of the inspection batch number is completely matched with the EBS code. The batch number is stored as an attribute field to support quick query of related inspection batches.

[0065] (3) Establish EBS node and BIM component mapping: Write EBS code into component parameters during the modeling stage; develop data interface to extract associated components in batches according to EBS node (for example, it could be "get all pile foundation components with EBS code xjgqtl-03-0001-030101010101010301").

[0066] Furthermore, the above four-dimensional coding mapping can be verified: a regular expression verification tool can be developed using the coding verification mechanism. The verification angles include: automatically checking the compliance of the coding format (such as checking whether the batch number contains 5 structural segments) and the consistency of hierarchical logic (such as whether the BIM component EBS code belongs to its parent EBS node).

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step of dynamic extraction and verification of engineering quantities based on EBS state-driven methods involves automatically triggering engineering quantity calculations based on EBS node states to achieve real-time synchronization of construction progress and pricing data, and to solve the problem of lag in manual marking. This step can be divided into three stages: inspection batch status update, BIM engine parsing and engineering quantity extraction, and engineering quantity verification.

[0068] In one embodiment of the present invention, the inspection batch status update includes: (1) The data acquisition interface obtains inspection batch status data from the construction management platform through API, including fields: acceptance in progress / passed / not passed. (2) State machine logic single batch status synchronization: When the inspection batch status is updated to "passed", the EBS node marks the batch as "accepted"; Node status determination: When all inspection batches under the EBS node are "passed", the EBS automatically marks it as "acceptance completed" and triggers the quantity extraction process. Further, in another embodiment, it may also include: (3) BIM visualization display of the EBS structure is displayed in a tree diagram, and the node color indicates the status (green: acceptance completed; yellow: partial acceptance; red: not started), and clicking can view the list of associated inspection batches and acceptance details.

[0069] In one embodiment of the present invention, BIM engine parsing and quantity extraction includes: (1) selecting a BIM engine that supports parsing IFC and RVT models, and calculating the BIM components marked "acceptance completed" on EBS based on the mapping between EBS and BIM models. (2) calculating the quantity of engineering work corresponding to the components of the EBS nodes that have been accepted based on the BIM engine. (3) using an incremental calculation mechanism to only calculate the components corresponding to the EBS nodes whose status has been updated to "acceptance completed", avoiding duplicate calculations by comparing timestamps.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present invention, the following steps may be included: (1) Dual data source comparison rule deviation threshold: when the deviation between the quantity of work calculated by the BIM engine and the quantity of work in the bill of quantities exceeds the threshold, an early warning is triggered. (2) Automatic verification process: full verification is performed daily at set times to generate a "Quantity Difference Report" (e.g., the BIM quantity of "Pile Foundation Concrete" in the bill of quantities is 1000m³, the quantity in the bill of quantities is 1050m³, and the deviation is -4.76%). Manual confirmation: the cost engineer compares the site images with the BIM lightweight tool to confirm the cause of the deviation (design change / model error / bill of quantities error) and records the processing results.

[0071] In one embodiment of the present invention, the generation of structured forms includes: (1) Design of structured form template: Design an XML-formatted structured form template with reference to the "Railway Inspection and Pricing Management Measures". The template includes: ① Basic information (for incremental quantities of work): Project name, section, construction unit, and review date; ② Pricing details: Code, name, unit, quantity in the bill of quantities, BIM quantity, reviewed quantity, unit price, and total price; ③ Review signature: Electronic signature fields for professional supervisors, chief supervisors, and construction units. (2) Use XSLT to automatically fill database data (such as bill of quantities items, quantities of work, and review results) into the XML template to generate a PDF form with bookmarks; Support batch generation of summary tables (such as unit project summary tables) and detailed tables (such as sub-project pricing details) according to EBS levels. (3) Embed IPFS links in the form to associate the hash values ​​of BIM models, inspection batch records, and on-site images to achieve "one-click traceability".

[0072] By using this embodiment of the invention, standardized forms can be generated using the list data and the extracted completed project quantity data, which can ensure the consistency of data format.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present invention, the designed on-chain multi-level review process and review rules can be as follows: (1) Review node responsibilities: professional supervising engineers review the consistency between the status of BIM components and the site; chief supervising engineers review the logical consistency between the total EBS and the BIM engineering quantity. The construction unit representative reviews the compliance of the unit price (consistent with the contract) and the completeness of the payment conditions (no quality problems); the verification is mainly achieved by retrieving the inspection batch records, image data, project engineering quantity list and other materials from the construction platform. (2) Blockchain evidence storage technology consensus mechanism: using the PBFT algorithm, the review record completes the consensus of the entire network within 3 seconds; using the ECC elliptic curve algorithm, the review opinion is signed by the private key and then uploaded to the chain; each record is attached with a UTC timestamp, and an immutable time chain is generated by SHA-256. (3) Process automation control state machine drive: the review process automatically flows in the order of "preliminary review → secondary review → final review", and the subsequent node is locked when the previous node is not completed.

[0074] Using this embodiment of the invention, the standardized form for work verification and pricing is audited via blockchain, which ensures that the audit records are tamper-proof and solves the problem of easy loss of paper audit records.

[0075] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a blockchain evidence storage architecture in one embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the process of constructing a dual-chain evidence storage architecture includes: (1) The main chain (consortium chain) platform is built on Hyperledger Fabric, and the participants are certified by CA certificates; the evidence storage verification batch number, EBS code, engineering quantity hash (SHA-256 (engineering quantity data)), audit signature, payment instructions and other structured data are stored. (2) The side chain (IPFS) stores data such as BIM model, construction images, payment vouchers, etc.; the BIM model is converted into a lightweight format for storage and a CID is generated; the construction images (photos / videos) are stored in segments and multiple CID segments are generated; the payment voucher PDF is encrypted with AES-256 and stored, and the decryption key is bound to the main chain transaction ID. (3) The main chain transaction contains the side chain CID list. When verifying, the file hash is obtained through IPFS and compared with the dataHash stored in the main chain.

[0076] By employing this embodiment of the invention, a dual-chain evidence storage architecture can be constructed to achieve end-to-end data trustworthiness.

[0077] In another embodiment of the present invention, the payment process can be triggered after the review is approved and the payment conditions are met, including: (1) When the construction unit completes the on-chain review of the construction unit's work verification and pricing form (the status is marked as "final review passed"), the system automatically sends a payment notification to the finance department. (2) After the finance department completes the offline payment, it uploads the payment voucher (such as a bank receipt PDF) through the system. The system automatically extracts the key information of the voucher (such as the payment amount, payee, and payment time) and generates a hash value SHA-256 (payment voucher data). (3) The payment voucher hash value, EBS encoding, payment timestamp, and other information are stored on the chain to form an immutable payment record. The payment voucher PDF is encrypted and stored in IPFS to generate a CID. The CID is recorded in the main chain transaction to realize a complete evidence chain of "on-chain key data + off-chain original files".

[0078] By employing this embodiment of the invention, payments can be automatically executed through smart contracts, thus solving the problem of low efficiency in manual approval.

[0079] Based on the above embodiments, and taking a high-speed railway project (project number: xjgqtl) as an example, following the logic of "engineering EBS decomposition → BIM model creation → four-dimensional coding mapping → full process of work verification and pricing", the implementation process of railway engineering BIM work verification and pricing based on the method proposed in this invention is introduced: (1) Engineering Breakdown Structure (EBS) Decomposition and Coding Before the project is implemented, the project is decomposed and coded in accordance with the "Guideline for Decomposition of Railway Engineering Entity Structure". Taking bridge engineering as an example, the unit project is: New High-speed Railway Bridge Project (Project No.: xjgqtl), the work point type code is: 03; the work point serial number is: 0001. Taking pile foundation concrete as an example, the EBS level code is: 03010101010101, which means: Bridge Specialty - Substructure - Pile Foundation - Concrete.

[0080] Engineering Breakdown Structure (EBS) is a method for systematically and hierarchically decomposing complex engineering projects. Specifically, EBS decomposition breaks down railway engineering projects into smaller, more manageable modular components. It decomposes engineering entities from both functional and professional dimensions, assigning a unique code to each level and component, thus forming a hierarchical structure and coding system for railway engineering.

[0081] (2) BIM model creation and EBS mapping First, the project model is created using modeling software. During the creation process, the EBS code is written into the corresponding component attribute BIM_UID (e.g., xjgqtl-03-0001-03010101010101 in the bridge pile foundation component parameters) to achieve association with the sub-project "Pile Foundation Engineering".

[0082] Then, BIM processing software is used to lightweight the model, compressing the file size to 10% of the original model; the lightweight model is stored in the IPFS (InterPlanetary File System) distributed storage system, generating a content identifier (CID): QmXyZ, which is used for subsequent on-chain evidence storage.

[0083] Finally, the component parameters were queried through the modeling software API interface to verify the accuracy of EBS_CODE and BIM_UID; the IPFS gateway address was called to verify that the model could be accessed normally.

[0084] (3) Constructing a four-dimensional encoding mapping First, the project bill of quantities is instantiated in the system to complete the maintenance of the project bill of quantities pricing list.

[0085] Then, the inspection batch is mapped to the EBS node; when the pile foundation concrete inspection batch is accepted, the system automatically generates the number xjgqtl-03-0001-030101010101010301-00.

[0086] Finally, the EBS and the bill of quantities are mapped through mathematical expressions. For example, the EBS sub-item: bridge bored pile concrete (level code: 03010101010101) is mapped to the corresponding bill of quantities sub-item: bridge pile foundation concrete (code: xjgqtl-05010101010101).

[0087] (4) The entire process of work inspection and valuation First, when the EBS status in the construction management platform is updated, for example, when all three inspection batches (batch 001-003) have passed acceptance, it is automatically pushed to the work verification and pricing system. The system automatically marks the EBS node status as "acceptance completed", triggers the BIM engine to analyze the model, and starts quantity verification. It compares the deviation between the quantity calculated by the BIM analysis engine and the bill of quantities. If there is no deviation, it automatically proceeds to the next step of the process. If there is a deviation, it prompts for manual review.

[0088] Then, a multi-level on-chain review is conducted: the professional supervisor reviews the consistency between the BIM component status and the site; the chief supervisor reviews the logical consistency between the EBS total quantity and the BIM engineering quantity; the construction unit reviews the compliance of the unit price in the bill of quantities and the completeness of the payment conditions; the verification is mainly achieved by retrieving inspection batch records, image data, project engineering quantity list and other data from the construction management platform.

[0089] Finally, the payment process is triggered and evidence is stored on the blockchain: After the finance department completes the offline transfer, it uploads the bank receipt (encrypted PDF storage, CID: QmCdD); the main chain of the consortium blockchain (HyperledgerFabric) stores the payment instruction hash, EBS encoding, and timestamp (SHA-256(600000+xjgqtl-03-0001-03010101010101+2025-06-0516:30)); the sidechain (IPFS) stores the encrypted receipt PDF, and the main chain records CID:QmCdD for cross-chain verification. By entering the EBS encoding through a blockchain explorer, the work verification and pricing table, audit records, and payment vouchers can be viewed simultaneously, ensuring data consistency. Here, CID:QmCdD refers to the IPFS Content Identifier (CID), where CID stands for Content Identifier, and QmCdD is the IPFS Content Identifier.

[0090] Corresponding to the above method, the present invention also provides a railway engineering BIM verification and pricing system based on multi-dimensional mapping and blockchain trusted evidence storage. The system includes a computer device, which includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores computer instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer instructions stored in the memory. When the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the system implements the steps of the method described above.

[0091] The above describes a construction project evaluation and pricing system built using the method proposed in this invention. This system is based on BIM dynamic data and grounded in blockchain technology. Its beneficial effects include, but are not limited to: (1) It can solve the problem of data silos, improve the efficiency and accuracy of data association, improve the linkage efficiency of data, automatically extract engineering quantities, get rid of the dependence on manual labor, and respond to changes in engineering progress in real time based on the four-dimensional coding mapping of inspection batch-EBS-BIM-list.

[0092] (2) It can deeply integrate dynamic business processes such as BIM model updates and EBS status transitions to achieve full-process reliable traceability of audit records and engineering quantity data. Based on EBS status-driven dynamic extraction and verification of engineering quantities, it can realize real-time synchronization of construction progress and pricing data. Experiments have shown that the verification and pricing cycle has been shortened from an average of 15 days to less than 3 days, improving efficiency by more than 80%. In addition, the automatic extraction of engineering quantities using the BIM model helps to eliminate errors caused by human intervention.

[0093] (3) It can realize automated mapping of BIM model and EBS level, and can perform railway engineering BIM verification and pricing in real time as engineering design changes or construction progress is adjusted, and use pricing results to synchronize with actual engineering progress.

[0094] (4) By introducing dual-chain blockchain storage and multi-level on-chain audit, it is beneficial to ensure that the data is tamper-proof, enhance the anti-tampering capability of the stored engineering quantity data and audit records, ensure the credibility of the entire process of railway engineering BIM verification and pricing, reduce the risk of audit record tampering to 0%, and, based on the constructed traceable payment basis system, the integrity of the data can be quickly verified when a dispute occurs, which is beneficial to ensuring the security of project management.

[0095] (5) This method aims to achieve full-process digital management of automatic extraction of engineering quantities, multi-party collaborative review, and intelligent payment. By automatically triggering payments through smart contracts, the credibility of payment basis can be improved, and manual intervention can be reduced. Experiments have shown that payment operation efficiency is increased by 95%, and labor costs are reduced by 70%. The review process is automated through blockchain smart contracts, shortening the pricing cycle. Furthermore, full-process online management can improve collaborative efficiency, and the error in engineering quantity calculation is controlled within ±2%, providing an effective solution for the digitalization, real-time operation, automation, and credibility of railway engineering management, with significant economic and management benefits.

[0096] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the computer equipment included in the system. See also... Figure 5The computer device 00 includes: a processor 01, a memory 02, and a computer program stored on the memory 02 and executable on the processor 01. When the processor 01 executes the computer program, it implements the method steps proposed in any of the above embodiments.

[0097] The processor 01 is connected to the memory 02, such as via a bus 03. The processor 01 can be a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a general-purpose processor, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It can implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this application. The processor 01 can also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, etc. The bus 03 may include a pathway for transmitting information between the aforementioned components. The bus 03 can be a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. The bus 130 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 5 The text uses only a single thick line to represent a bus, but this does not imply that there is only one bus or one type of bus. Memory 02 stores a computer program corresponding to the human factors data server access control method described in the above embodiments of this application. This computer program is executed under the control of processor 01. Processor 01 executes the computer program stored in memory 02 to implement the content shown in the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0098] Corresponding to the methods described above, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method as described in any of the above embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible storage medium, such as random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, register, floppy disk, hard disk, removable storage disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0099] Corresponding to the above methods, the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program / instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0100] Those skilled in the art will understand that the exemplary components, systems, and methods described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both. Whether implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention. When implemented in hardware, it can be, for example, electronic circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), appropriate firmware, plug-ins, function cards, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of this invention are programs or code segments used to perform the desired tasks. The programs or code segments can be stored in a machine-readable medium or transmitted over a transmission medium or communication link via data signals carried in a carrier wave.

[0101] It should be clarified that the present invention is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and shown in the figures. For the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of known methods are omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method process of the present invention is not limited to the specific steps described and shown. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order of steps, after understanding the spirit of the present invention.

[0102] In this invention, features described and / or illustrated for one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, and / or combined with or in place of features of other embodiments.

[0103] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for BIM-based acceptance and valuation of railway engineering projects based on multi-dimensional mapping and blockchain trusted storage, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: The railway project is decomposed into multiple EBS nodes according to the EBS structure. An EBS code is constructed for each EBS node, and the railway project BIM model is obtained. The railway project BIM model includes a unique component identifier for each component. Constructing a four-dimensional coding mapping includes: establishing a mapping between the EBS code and the inspection lot, establishing a mapping between the EBS code and the bill of quantities, and establishing a mapping between the EBS code and the components included in the BIM model; Obtain inspection batch status data, and use the four-dimensional encoding mapping to determine the EBS node status based on the inspection batch status data. When an EBS node status change is detected as acceptance completed, extract the incremental work volume corresponding to the EBS node whose status change is acceptance completed. The EBS node status includes acceptance completed, partial acceptance, and acceptance not started. By utilizing the mapping between EBS codes and bill of quantities in the four-dimensional coding mapping, a structured form including the incremental quantity of the project, pricing details, and audit signature is generated. The structured form is audited on the blockchain according to the set process, and the audit record is recorded in the blockchain network consensus. Once the structured form has been approved according to the set process, the payment process is triggered, and the payment record is stored on the blockchain. The batch number includes project number, work site type, work site sequence number, level code and batch number; The EBS code includes project number, work site type, work site sequence number, and level code; The unique identifier of the component belongs to the UUID-4 standard random code; The coding of the bill of quantities includes a contract number and a parent code, the contract number corresponds to a bid section, and the parent code and EBS node can be mapped to each other. The process of establishing the mapping between the EBS code and the inspection batch includes: creating a batch attribute table under the EBS last-level node, matching the hierarchical code included in the inspection batch number with the hierarchical code included in the EBS code, and storing the batch number as an attribute field to realize the mapping between the EBS code and the inspection batch. Establishing the mapping between the EBS code and the bill of quantities includes: extracting the EBS code and the code in the bill of quantities, and establishing the mapping between the EBS node and the parent and child codes in the bill of quantities layer by layer based on a preset mapping table.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The EBS node status is determined based on the inspection batch status data using the four-dimensional coding mapping, including: obtaining the inspection batch status data of all inspection batches under the current EBS node; when all inspection batch status data indicate that the current EBS node has passed, the status of the current EBS node is considered to be completed; wherein, the engineering quantity of railway engineering BIM verification and pricing refers to the engineering quantity of the components corresponding to the completed EBS node. The method further includes: based on the mapping relationship between EBS encoding and BIM model in the four-dimensional encoding mapping, using BIM to visualize the EBS structure in the form of a tree diagram, and using different colors to distinguish the status of EBS nodes.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method also includes a quantity verification step, comprising: Calculate the total quantity of work for railway engineering BIM verification and pricing according to a set time frequency, and verify the increment of work quantity based on the total quantity of work; and / or The incremental quantities of work calculated from different data sources are compared to calculate the deviation of the incremental quantities of work. When the deviation of the incremental quantities of work exceeds a set threshold, an early warning is triggered.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic information of the incremental project quantity includes the name, section, construction unit and audit date of the newly accepted project. The pricing details include the code, name, unit, quantity in the bill of quantities, BIM quantity, audited quantity, unit price and total price. The audit signatures include the electronic signature fields of the professional supervisor, chief supervisor and construction unit.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The setup process includes: professional supervisors reviewing the consistency between the BIM component status and the site; chief supervisors reviewing the logical consistency between the total EBS quantity and the BIM engineering quantity; and the construction unit reviewing the compliance of the unit price and the completeness of the payment conditions.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The payment process includes: When it is detected that the review of a structured form has been fully approved according to the set process, a payment notification is sent to the finance department, and the payment voucher uploaded by the finance department is received. The hash value of the payment voucher is generated, and the payment record is stored on the blockchain using the hash value, EBS code and payment timestamp of the payment voucher.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blockchain includes a main chain and side chains. The main chain is used to store structured data including inspection batch numbers, EBS codes, audit signatures, and payment instructions. The side chains are used to store BIM models, construction images, and payment vouchers.

8. A railway engineering BIM-based construction verification and pricing system based on multi-dimensional mapping and blockchain trusted storage, comprising a processor, a memory, and computer programs or instructions stored in the memory, characterized in that, The processor is configured to execute the computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are executed, the system implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images