Photovoltaic tracking linkage structure and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of solar power generation equipment, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic tracking linkage structure, comprising a photovoltaic assembly, a stand column and a base, and two vertical plates arranged on the top of the base, wherein the photovoltaic assembly is hinged to the upper end of the stand column, and a first force arm is hinged to the bottom of the photovoltaic assembly; the lower end of the stand column is hinged between the two vertical plates, and a first linear motor is arranged on one side of the stand column, and the upper end of the other side is hinged to a second force arm, and the lower end of the first force arm is hinged to the output end of the first linear motor; a second linear motor is arranged between the two vertical plates, and the output end of the second linear motor is hinged to the lower end of the second force arm; the present application cooperates with two sets of linear motors and force arm mechanisms to realize the folding of the stand column, the stacking of the photovoltaic assembly, and the close attachment of the photovoltaic assembly to the base, thereby significantly reducing the ground clearance, and further improving the wind resistance safety and structural stability under strong wind conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar power generation equipment technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic tracking linkage structure and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous growth of global demand for renewable energy, photovoltaic tracking systems are widely used as a key technology to improve the efficiency of solar power generation. This system adjusts the azimuth and / or tilt angle of photovoltaic modules in real time to ensure they are always facing the direction of solar incidence, thereby significantly increasing the amount of solar radiation received and improving the power output per unit installed capacity.

[0003] To reduce ground shading and optimize sunlight reception angle, photovoltaic modules are typically mounted on elevated support structures, resulting in a higher center of gravity and a larger windward area. In strong winds, these elevated structures are susceptible to impacts and significant wind loads, potentially leading to safety incidents such as support deformation, foundation loosening, or even complete collapse. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a photovoltaic tracking linkage structure and method, which uses two sets of linear motors and lever arm mechanism to achieve the lowering of the column and the stacking of photovoltaic modules, so that the photovoltaic modules are close to the base, significantly reducing the height above the ground, thereby improving the wind resistance safety and structural stability under strong wind conditions. It can solve the problem that the existing elevated photovoltaic tracking system has insufficient wind resistance and difficulty in ensuring structural safety in strong wind environments.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: On one hand, the present invention provides a photovoltaic tracking linkage structure, including photovoltaic modules, a column and a base, and two vertical plates disposed on the top of the base, wherein, The photovoltaic module is hinged to the upper end of the column, and a first lever arm is hinged to its bottom. The lower end of the column is hinged between the two vertical plates, and a first linear motor is provided on one side of the column, while a second lever arm is hinged to the upper end of the other side. The lower end of the first lever arm is hinged to the output end of the first linear motor. A second linear motor is provided between the two upright plates, and the output end of the second linear motor is hinged to the lower end of the second lever arm.

[0006] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the central axes of the column, the first lever arm, the second lever arm, the first linear motor, and the second linear motor are all located in the same vertical plane.

[0007] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the bottom of the photovoltaic module is provided with a first hinge support and a second hinge support from front to back, wherein, The first hinge support is hinged to the upper end of the first lever arm; The second hinge support is hinged to the upper end of the column.

[0008] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, each of the uprights is provided with a windbreak assembly on its outer side. The windbreak assembly includes a wheel frame, a windbreak plate, and an elastic band. The wheel frame is slidably disposed on the side of the upright plate in the front-back direction, with one end fixedly connected to the output end of the second linear motor and the other end rotatably provided with a drive wheel. The front end of the wind deflector protrudes forward from the front end of the vertical plate, and its front side is hinged to the front side of the vertical plate, and its side surface abuts against the wheel surface of the drive wheel. The rear side of the upright plate has a through hole, and a reversing wheel is rotatably installed on the inner side of the front end. One end of the elastic band passes through the through hole, goes around the reversing wheel, and is tensioned and fixed to the output end of the second linear motor.

[0009] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the top of the windbreak is provided with a tongue and groove, and the front end of the photovoltaic module is connected and fitted with the tongue and groove.

[0010] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, both the front end of the wind deflector and the front end of the base are provided with a front-bottomed and rear-high wind-guiding slope, and the top surface of the base is a slope shape with the front bottomed and the rear high.

[0011] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the windbreak assembly further includes a side baffle, wherein, The side baffle is fixed to the side of the base, and its side end abuts against the side end of the photovoltaic module, and its front end is aligned with the front end of the base.

[0012] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, a damping spring is provided on the side of the wind deflector corresponding to the area of ​​the drive wheel, wherein... The damping spring elastically extends and retracts along a first preset direction, and its output end bottom surface always elastically abuts against the top surface of the drive wheel, and its elastic force is greater than the weight of the wind deflector. The windbreak and the upright are slidably disposed along a first preset direction; The elastic band and the wind deflector are slidably disposed along a first preset direction; The first preset direction is a straight line direction perpendicular to the top surface of the base.

[0013] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the base is provided with an electric rotary table at its bottom.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a photovoltaic tracking linkage method, which applies the photovoltaic tracking linkage structure described above, and includes the following steps: S1. When wind protection is required, start the first linear motor and the second linear motor; S2. Drive the lower end of the second lever arm forward by the second linear motor, so that the column is lowered down around the hinge point between it and the upright plate. At the same time, adjust the first lever arm synchronously by the first linear motor to control the pitch angle of the photovoltaic module and avoid interference between the photovoltaic module and the column or the base during the lowering process of the column. S3. When the column is completely laid down close to the base, the photovoltaic module is stacked on top of the column, forming a folded storage state.

[0015] The photovoltaic tracking linkage structure and method of the present invention have the following advantages over the prior art: (1) By setting up a vertical plate on the base and hinged the lower end of the column to it, and cooperating with two sets of linear motors and lever arms to drive the photovoltaic module pitching and the column tilting respectively, a mechanical linkage mechanism is formed. Under wind-resistant conditions, the column can be tilted down and the photovoltaic module attitude can be adjusted at the same time, so that the entire system is stacked close to the base, significantly reducing the height above the ground and the overall windward area, effectively improving the structural stability and safety under strong winds.

[0016] (2) By installing a windbreak assembly consisting of a wheel frame, a windbreak plate, and an elastic band on the outside of the upright plate, the second linear motor drives the wheel frame to move the drive wheel forward, pushing the windbreak plate forward to block the windward area at the front of the system, preventing strong winds from entering the bottom of the photovoltaic module and creating a negative pressure overturning effect, thus ensuring structural safety. The elastic band is used to keep the drive wheel and the windbreak plate in contact at all times, improving the stability of the windbreak plate after it is opened, and is also used to pull the windbreak plate back to its original position after a strong wind, achieving a synergy between active protection and passive reset, and significantly improving the wind resistance, sealing performance, and system self-adaptability.

[0017] (3) By setting tongue and groove, the front end of the photovoltaic module can be embedded into the tongue and groove at the top of the wind baffle when folded and stored, forming an overlapping front-end seal, effectively preventing airflow from entering the bottom through the front gap. Moreover, the wind baffle and the front-low and rear-high wind-guiding slope of the base work together to guide the incoming airflow smoothly over the system surface, reducing frontal impact and making the overall top tilt backward, reducing the direct load of wind on the top surface of the module. At the same time, the side baffle tightly abuts against the side of the photovoltaic module and is aligned with the front end of the base, sealing the channels on the left and right sides and preventing lateral air intake. The three together construct an enclosed wind field isolation system from the front end, sides to the bottom, improving the structural stability, anti-tipping ability and overall safety of the system under extreme wind conditions.

[0018] (4) By installing damping springs on the side of the wind deflector, it is easy to lift the wind deflector off the top surface of the base during the wind deflector flipping process, thus avoiding scratching. When the photovoltaic module presses down on the top of the wind deflector, the spring compression makes the bottom surface of the wind deflector fit tightly against the base, which, together with the overlap of the photovoltaic module in the tongue and groove, improves the sealing effect of the windward end of the system. At the same time, when the photovoltaic module is lifted, the spring rebounds and resets, so that the bottom of the wind deflector is separated from the base, realizing the automatic switching of "dynamic avoidance + static sealing", taking into account both smooth movement and wind resistance sealing.

[0019] (5) By setting an electric rotary table at the bottom of the base, it is easy to adjust the orientation of the wind deflector to adapt to the wind direction. Combined with the circumferential sealing and aerodynamic flow guiding structure formed by the front wind deflector, side deflector and wind guide slope, the alignment and sealing of the windward surface can be achieved, further improving the system's wind resistance and protective adaptability under varying wind conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a photovoltaic tracking linkage structure according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial top view; Figure 4 A partial 3D view of the rear end region of the second linear motor; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 6 A partial 3D view of the front end area of ​​the second linear motor; Figure 7 This is a side view of the folded and stowed state of a photovoltaic tracking linkage structure according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the folded and stowed state of a photovoltaic tracking linkage structure according to the present invention; Figure 9 for Figure 8 A partial 3D view; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 11 for Figure 9 Enlarged view of point B; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation location of the side baffle area; In the diagram: 1. Photovoltaic module; 2. Column; 3. Base; 4. Windbreak assembly; 11. First lever arm; 12. First hinge support; 13. Second hinge support; 14. Third hinge support; 21. First linear motor; 22. Second lever arm; 31. Vertical plate; 32. Second linear motor; 41. Wheel frame; 42. Windbreak plate; 43. Elastic band; 44. Side baffle; 45. Damping spring; 201. Groove; 311. Reversing wheel; 31 2. Second hinge; 313. Hinge shaft; 314. Path hole; 315. Transition wheel; 321. Lead screw; 322. Slider; 323. Guide rod; 324. Motor; 325. Connecting plate; 411. Drive wheel; 421. First hinge; 422. Rod seat; 423. Upright rod; 431. Sleeve; 451. Fixed seat; 452. Support rail; 453. Spring telescopic rod; 3101. Through hole; 4201. Tongue and groove. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. Additionally, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided in this invention; however, those skilled in the art will recognize the applicability of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0028] like Figure 1-12 As shown, a photovoltaic tracking linkage structure of the present invention includes a photovoltaic module 1, a column 2, and a base 3. Two parallel vertical plates 31 are fixedly mounted on the top of the base 3. The photovoltaic module 1 is hinged to the upper end of the column 2, and a first lever arm 11 is hinged to its bottom. The lower end of the column 2 is hinged between the two vertical plates 31, forming a rotating joint that can be tilted downwards around the hinge point.

[0029] A first linear motor 21 is provided on one side of the column 2, and a second lever arm 22 is hinged to the upper end of the other side. The lower end of the first lever arm 11 is hinged to the output end of the first linear motor 21. At the same time, a second linear motor 32 is provided between the two upright plates 31. The output end of the second linear motor 32 is hinged to the lower end of the second lever arm 22 so as to drive the entire column 2 to be tilted down or reset around the bottom hinge point.

[0030] In daily operation, such as Figure 1As shown, the first linear motor 21 drives the first lever arm 11 to shift position, thereby adjusting the pitch angle of the photovoltaic module 1. In extreme weather conditions such as strong winds, the second linear motor 32 drives the second lever arm 22 to lower the entire column 2 downwards around its bottom hinge point. Simultaneously, the first linear motor 21 adjusts the attitude of the photovoltaic module 1 to prevent interference with the column 2 or the base 3 during the lowering process. Ultimately, the entire system is stacked and closely attached to the base 3, thereby reducing the ground clearance and windward area, and improving structural safety and stability under strong wind conditions.

[0031] In the above structure, the central axes of the column 2, the first lever arm 11, the second lever arm 22, the first linear motor 21, and the second linear motor 32 are all located in the same vertical plane. This coplanar design ensures that all moving parts experience consistent force directions and coordinated movement trajectories during linkage, avoiding additional bending moments or jamming due to eccentricity or torsion, thereby improving the stability and lifespan of the tilting and resetting process, and ensuring operational reliability, especially under frequent start-stop or high-wind load conditions.

[0032] The photovoltaic module 1 has a first hinge support 12 and a second hinge support 13 arranged sequentially from front to back at its bottom. The first hinge support 12 is hinged to the upper end of the first lever arm 11, and the second hinge support 13 is hinged to the upper end of the column 2, forming a four-bar linkage with double-point support. This structure ensures that the photovoltaic module 1 is subjected to uniform force and rotates smoothly during tracking or tilting, effectively suppressing the shaking or stress concentration that is easily caused by single-point hinges, and improving the structural stability during long-term operation.

[0033] A groove 201 is provided on the front side of the column 2, and the first linear motor 21 is embedded in the groove 201, so that the main body of the motor is not exposed, reducing wind resistance and avoiding damage from external impacts. At the same time, a third hinge support 14 is provided on the top rear side of the column 2, and the upper end of the second lever arm 22 is hinged to the third hinge support 14. This structure provides a stable upper hinge point for the second lever arm 22, ensuring that the column 2 is subjected to reasonable force and moves smoothly during the falling process, while maintaining a simple and compact overall appearance.

[0034] The first linear motor 21 adopts a linear motor (also known as a linear motor, linear actuator or electric actuator) in the prior art. Its specific structural form is not limited, as long as it can realize the linear reciprocating output function.

[0035] Based on the above structure, each upright plate 31 is provided with a windbreak assembly 4 on its outer side. This assembly includes a wheel frame 41, a windbreak plate 42, and an elastic band 43. The wheel frame 41 is slidably disposed on the side of the upright plate 31 in the front-back direction. One end of the wheel frame 41 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second linear motor 32, and the other end is rotatably disposed with a drive wheel 411. The front end of the windbreak plate 42 protrudes forward from the front end of the upright plate 31, and its front side is hinged to the front side of the upright plate 31, with its side surface abutting against the wheel surface of the drive wheel 411. The rear end side of the upright plate 31 has a through hole 3101, and a reversing wheel 311 is rotatably disposed on the inner side of the front end. One end of the elastic band 43 passes through the through hole 3101, wraps around the reversing wheel 311, and is tensioned and fixed to the output end of the second linear motor 32.

[0036] When the system enters the folding state, the second linear motor 32 pushes the wheel frame 41 forward, causing the drive wheel 411 to move forward and push the wind deflector 42 to open forward, thereby blocking the windward area at the front of the system and effectively preventing strong winds from entering the bottom of the photovoltaic module 1 and creating a negative pressure overturning effect. After the strong wind, the elastic band 43, under its own tension, automatically pulls the wind deflector 42 back to its original position via the reversing wheel 311, and always maintains a tight contact between the drive wheel 411 and the wind deflector 42, achieving a synergy between active protection and passive reset, significantly enhancing wind resistance, sealing, and system adaptability.

[0037] To facilitate the forward and backward movement of the wheel frame 41, a path hole 314 is provided on the side of the upright plate 31 at the position corresponding to the wheel frame 41. When the second linear motor 32 pushes the wheel frame 41 to move, the horizontal part of the wheel frame 41 moves horizontally inside the path hole 314, thereby achieving structural avoidance between the wheel frame 41 and the upright plate 31.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, during normal system operation, most of the length of the elastic band 43 is stored in the internal space between the two upright plates 31. This storage design ensures that the elastic band 43 has sufficient effective stroke, avoiding limitations on the full opening of the wind deflector 42 due to insufficient length. When the drive wheel 411 pushes the wind deflector 42 forward, it drives one end of the elastic band 43 forward synchronously. At the same time, the wind deflector 42 drives the other end of the elastic band 43 forward synchronously through the connection point, so that the elastic band 43 can be continuously and smoothly output from the through hole 3101, ensuring the continuity of the movement process and the stability of the tension.

[0039] Furthermore, a transition wheel 315 is rotatably disposed inside the through hole 3101, and an elastic band 43 is wound around the transition wheel 315 to reduce its frictional resistance in reciprocating motion and improve the reset response speed and service life.

[0040] Furthermore, when the wind deflector 42 is fully extended forward, its surface is perpendicular to the upright plate 31. For example... Figure 10As shown, the distance by which the front end of the wind deflector 42 protrudes forward from the front end of the vertical plate 31 is equal to half the distance between the two vertical plates 31. This allows the adjacent end faces of the wind deflectors 42 on both sides to close or tightly connect with each other after they are fully opened, thereby forming a continuous and seamless wind barrier at the front end of the system and further enhancing the sealing effect on the windward area.

[0041] Based on this, the top of the windbreak plate 42 is provided with a tongue and groove 4201, and the front end of the photovoltaic module 1 overlaps with the tongue and groove 4201. When the system is in the folded storage state, the front end of the photovoltaic module 1 is embedded in the tongue and groove 4201, forming a sealed fit with the upper and lower overlap. This structure can prevent airflow from entering the bottom from the front gap between the photovoltaic module 1 and the windbreak plate 42, avoiding the generation of local negative pressure and eddies, thereby further enhancing the sealing performance and anti-lifting stability of the windward end.

[0042] Furthermore, both the front end of the wind deflector 42 and the front end of the base 3 are provided with a front-bottomed, rear-high wind-guiding slope, and the top surface of the base 3 is also sloped at the front and back. In the folded and stowed state, the incoming airflow smoothly crosses the system surface along the wind-guiding slope, reducing the frontal impact force. At the same time, the overall rearward tilting design of the top surface of the base 3 reduces the direct area and load of wind on the top surface of the photovoltaic module 1, optimizes the overall aerodynamic shape, improves the wind resistance stability of the system, and is beneficial to the protection of the top surface of the photovoltaic module 1.

[0043] Furthermore, a certain gap is reserved between the bottom of the second linear motor 32 and the top surface of the base 3, and combined with the inclined design of the top surface of the base 3, it makes it easier to remove debris (such as sand, gravel, and soil) in this area. Especially during the rainy season, rainwater can naturally drain along the inclined design of the top surface of the base 3, effectively washing away accumulated dirt, reducing the difficulty and cost of maintenance, and improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the system.

[0044] In addition, the windbreak assembly 4 also includes side baffles 44 fixed to the left and right sides of the base 3. The two side baffles 44 are symmetrically arranged on the sides of the base 3, and the space between them is used to store the photovoltaic module 1 in the folded state. Specifically, after the system is folded, the side ends of the side baffles 44 are tightly abutted against the side ends of the photovoltaic module 1, and their front ends are aligned with the front ends of the base 3, thereby effectively sealing the gaps on the left and right sides of the system and preventing strong winds from entering the bottom of the photovoltaic module 1 from the sides.

[0045] The side baffle 44 works in conjunction with the front windbreak 42 and the base 3 at the bottom to form an enclosed wind field isolation system from the front, sides to the bottom, which significantly improves the structural integrity and anti-tipping ability of the system under extreme wind conditions.

[0046] Furthermore, an electric rotary table (such as an electric slewing bearing in the prior art, the specific structure of which is not limited) is installed at the bottom of the base 3, and the electric rotary table is installed on the ground. The horizontal azimuth angle of the photovoltaic module 1 is adjusted by the electric rotary table, and the pitch angle is adjusted by the first linear motor 21 to realize the dual-axis solar tracking function.

[0047] When the system needs to enter the folded state, the electric rotary table first drives the base 3 to rotate, so that the photovoltaic module 1 is reset to the preset initial azimuth angle; such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the initial angle is the standard alignment position of the photovoltaic module 1 before folding, ensuring that its front end can be accurately embedded in the tongue and groove 4201 at the top of the windbreak plate 42, providing a structural prerequisite for subsequent upper and lower overlapping and sealing.

[0048] Furthermore, when the device is in the folded state, if it is necessary to change the windward angle, the entire base 3 can be rotated horizontally around the vertical axis by an electric rotary table, thereby adjusting the orientation of the wind deflector 42 so that it always faces the prevailing wind direction. This corner structure, combined with the circumferential sealing and aerodynamic flow guiding structure formed by the front wind deflector 42, the side deflectors 44, and the wind-guiding slope, enables the system to achieve precise alignment and efficient sealing of the windward surface, thereby further improving wind resistance and environmental adaptability under varying wind conditions.

[0049] Based on this, a damping spring 45 is provided on the side of the wind deflector 42 corresponding to the area of ​​the drive wheel 411. The damping spring 45 elastically expands and contracts along a first preset direction, and its bottom surface at the output end always elastically abuts against the top surface of the drive wheel 411, and its elastic force is greater than the weight of the wind deflector 42. The wind deflector 42 and the upright plate 31 are slidably arranged along the first preset direction. The elastic band 43 and the wind deflector 42 are slidably arranged along the first preset direction. The first preset direction is a straight line direction perpendicular to the top surface of the base 3.

[0050] During the flipping process of the wind deflector 42, the damping spring 45 lifts it upwards away from the top surface of the base 3, effectively preventing scratches or wear on the surface of the base 3 during movement. When the system enters the folded state and the photovoltaic module 1 presses down on the top of the wind deflector 42, the damping spring 45 is compressed and contracts, causing the bottom surface of the wind deflector 42 to fit tightly against the top surface of the base 3. This works in conjunction with the tongue and groove 4201 and the overlapping structure formed by the front end of the photovoltaic module 1 to achieve a double seal at the windward end, significantly enhancing the wind resistance sealing performance. When the photovoltaic module 1 is lifted and reset, the damping spring 45 rebounds under its own elastic force, causing the wind deflector 42 to be lifted away from the base 3 again, returning to the avoidance state. Thus, the system achieves intelligent automatic switching between "dynamic avoidance" and "static sealing," ensuring smooth movement while guaranteeing a highly reliable sealing effect under extreme conditions.

[0051] In the aforementioned photovoltaic tracking linkage structure, the damping spring 45 includes a fixed base 451, a support rail 452, and a spring telescopic rod 453. The fixed base 451 is fixed to the side of the wind deflector 42. The support rail 452 is connected to the bottom of the fixed base 451 via the spring telescopic rod 453. The support rail 452 extends along the movement path of the drive wheel 411, and its top and bottom surfaces elastically abut against the top surface of the drive wheel 411.

[0052] Among them, the spring telescopic rod 453 is an existing mechanical elastic element, which usually includes a cylindrical telescopic rod and a built-in compression spring. It relies on the restoring force of the spring to achieve vertical elastic extension and contraction, thereby providing a stable upward elastic force for the wind deflector 42.

[0053] When the photovoltaic module 1 does not apply downward pressure to the wind deflector 42, the spring telescopic rod 453 is in a naturally extended state, so that the wind deflector 42 is lifted off the top surface of the base 3 as a whole, avoiding motion interference or scratches.

[0054] When the photovoltaic module 1 presses down on the top of the wind deflector 42, the fixing base 451 moves down accordingly, compressing and deforming the spring telescopic rod 453, which in turn causes the wind deflector 42 to descend and make its bottom surface fit tightly against the base 3, thus achieving a seal.

[0055] Meanwhile, as the drive wheel 411 moves back and forth, its top remains in contact with the support rail 452, ensuring that the baffle 42 maintains a stable lifting posture when flipped or opened, which not only ensures smooth movement but also provides a reliable pre-tightening foundation for subsequent pressure sealing.

[0056] To accommodate the vertical floating requirement of the wind deflector 42, a first hinge 421 is fixed to the side of the wind deflector 42, and a second hinge 312 is fixed to the corresponding position on the side of the upright plate 31. The two are arranged vertically at intervals along a first preset direction. A hinge shaft 313 is fixedly provided on the second hinge 312. The hinge shaft 313 slides through the second hinge 312 along the first preset direction and forms a sliding hinge engagement with the first hinge 421.

[0057] The hinge structure provides the wind deflector 42 with a floating degree of freedom in the first preset direction, so that it can adaptively fine-tune its vertical position when it is pressed down by the photovoltaic module 1 to adhere to the base 3 or lifted by the damping spring 45 to avoid it. This effectively avoids motion jamming, structural deformation or stress concentration caused by rigid constraints, and significantly improves the system's operational robustness and durability under complex wind load conditions.

[0058] Furthermore, a sleeve 431 is fixed to the end of the elastic band 43, and a rod seat 422 is fixed to the side of the wind deflector 42. A vertical rod 423 is fixed on the rod seat 422, and the vertical rod 423 slides through the sleeve 431 along a first preset direction. This structure allows the elastic band 43 to float synchronously with the rise and fall of the wind deflector 42, effectively adapting to its displacement and posture changes during movement. This prevents the elastic band 43 from becoming loose or overstretched due to angular deflection, ensuring that the elastic force acts continuously and stably on the wind deflector 42, guaranteeing its reliable reset and constant tension.

[0059] In the aforementioned photovoltaic tracking linkage structure, the second linear motor 32 adopts a modular integrated design, including a lead screw 321, a slider 322, a guide rod 323, a motor 324, and a connecting plate 325. Two connecting plates 325 are fixed front and rear between the two upright plates 31, with the motor 324 fixedly mounted at the rear end of the rear connecting plate 325. The lead screw 321 is rotatably mounted between the two connecting plates 325, with its rear end axially connected to the output end of the motor 324. The guide rod 323 is fixed between the two connecting plates 325, parallel to the lead screw 321, and located directly below the lead screw 321. The slider 322 is threadedly engaged with the lead screw 321 and slidably connected to the guide rod 323. The top of the slider 322 is hinged to the lower end of the second lever arm 22.

[0060] During operation, the motor 324 drives the lead screw 321 to rotate, which in turn drives the slider 322 to reciprocate linearly along the guide rod 323, thereby pushing or pulling the second lever arm 22 to realize the lowering or resetting of the column 2, and simultaneously driving the wheel frame 41 and the drive wheel 411 to move forward and backward.

[0061] During forward or backward movement, the wheel frame 41 drives the end of the elastic band 43 connected to it to move synchronously. This, combined with the opening or retraction of the baffle plate 42, ensures the smooth release or retraction of the elastic band 43. Because the elastic band 43 is positioned within the gap between the slider 322 and the corresponding side plate 31, and is arranged in an S-shaped path guided by the reversing wheel 311 and the transition wheel 315, it ensures that it has no contact with the lead screw 321 throughout its movement. This arrangement effectively avoids interference, friction, or wear during operation, significantly improving the service life of the elastic band 43 and the overall operational reliability of the system.

[0062] It should be noted that in the above-mentioned linkage structure, the electrical control technology of the linear motor and the electric rotary table can be implemented using existing technologies. For example, the first linear motor 21 and the second linear motor 32 can adopt a closed-loop control system with position feedback (such as a servo drive system based on encoders or Hall sensors) to achieve precise control of the output stroke and movement speed, ensuring the stability of the photovoltaic module 1's posture and synchronization of movement during tracking or folding. For the electric rotary table, a servo motor and angle encoder can be configured to form a high-precision rotary servo system, achieving precise angular positioning of the base 3 around the vertical axis, thereby dynamically aligning with the prevailing wind direction or the sun's position.

[0063] Similarly, wind direction monitoring can be achieved using existing meteorological sensing technologies. For example, ultrasonic anemometers or traditional wind measuring devices consisting of cup anemometers and mechanical wind vanes can be used to collect wind direction and speed data in real time and transmit the signals to the control system. The control system determines whether to trigger a wind-resistant mode based on the wind conditions: when the wind speed exceeds a preset threshold, the folding and storage procedure is automatically initiated; at the same time, during daily operation, the tracking strategy can also be optimized in conjunction with solar trajectory and wind direction information.

[0064] All of the above-mentioned electrical control units are connected to the central control console of the photovoltaic power station, which performs unified scheduling, status monitoring and safety interlock control, realizing integrated management of "photovoltaics-mechanics-electricity-control". This ensures the system's safety protection capability under extreme weather conditions, while also taking into account its high-efficiency power generation performance under good weather conditions.

[0065] Based on the above photovoltaic tracking linkage structure, the present invention provides a photovoltaic tracking linkage method, comprising the following steps: S1. Under normal operating conditions, the first linear motor 21 drives the first lever arm 11 to adjust the pitch angle of the photovoltaic module 1. At the same time, the electric rotary table drives the base 3 to rotate horizontally around the vertical axis to adjust the horizontal azimuth angle of the photovoltaic module 1. S2. When wind protection is required, the base 3 is first rotated to the initial azimuth angle by driving the electric rotary table, so that the front end of the photovoltaic module 1 can be accurately embedded in the tongue and groove 4201 on the top of the windbreak plate 42. Then, the lower end of the second lever arm 22 is moved forward by the second linear motor 32, so that the column 2 is lowered down around its hinge point with the upright plate 31. At the same time, the first lever arm 11 is adjusted synchronously by the first linear motor 21 to control the pitch angle of the photovoltaic module 1, so as to avoid interference between the photovoltaic module 1 and the column 2 or the base 3 during the lowering process. S3. When the column 2 is completely laid down close to the base 3, the photovoltaic module 1 is stacked on top of the column 2, forming a folded storage state, reducing the system's height from the ground and windward area. S4. After the strong winds subside or the weather returns to normal, the second linear motor 32 drives the second lever arm 22 to move upward, so that the column 2 returns to the support state. At the same time, the first linear motor 21 synchronously adjusts the posture of the photovoltaic module 1 to restore it to the optimal power generation angle.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic tracking linkage structure, characterized in that: Includes photovoltaic modules (1), columns (2), and bases (3), as well as two uprights (31) on top of the bases (3), wherein, The photovoltaic module (1) is hinged to the upper end of the column (2), and a first lever arm (11) is hinged to its bottom. The lower end of the column (2) is hinged between the two vertical plates (31), and a first linear motor (21) is provided on one side of the column (2), and a second lever arm (22) is hinged to the upper end of the other side. The lower end of the first lever arm (11) is hinged to the output end of the first linear motor (21). A second linear motor (32) is provided between the two upright plates (31), and the output end of the second linear motor (32) is hinged to the lower end of the second lever arm (22); Each of the uprights (31) has a windbreak assembly (4) on its outer side, the windbreak assembly (4) including a wheel frame (41), a windbreak plate (42), and an elastic band (43), wherein, The wheel frame (41) is slidably disposed on the side of the upright plate (31) in the front-back direction. One end of the wheel frame is fixedly connected to the output end of the second linear motor (32), and the other end is rotatably disposed with a drive wheel (411). The front end of the wind deflector (42) protrudes forward from the front end of the upright plate (31), and its front side is hinged to the front side of the upright plate (31), and its side surface abuts against the wheel surface of the drive wheel (411). The vertical plate (31) has a through hole (3101) on the rear side and a reversing wheel (311) is rotatably provided on the inner side of the front end. One end of the elastic band (43) passes through the through hole (3101), goes around the reversing wheel (311), and is tensioned and fixed to the output end of the second linear motor (32); The top of the windbreak plate (42) is provided with a tongue and groove (4201), and the front end of the photovoltaic module (1) is connected to the tongue and groove (4201) in an overlapping manner.

2. The photovoltaic tracking linkage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The central axis of the column (2) and the first lever arm (11), the second lever arm (22), the first linear motor (21), and the second linear motor (32) are all located in the same vertical plane.

3. The photovoltaic tracking linkage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module (1) is provided with a first hinge support (12) and a second hinge support (13) from front to back at its bottom. The first hinge support (12) is hinged to the upper end of the first lever arm (11); The second hinge support (13) is hinged to the upper end of the column (2).

4. The photovoltaic tracking linkage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the wind deflector (42) and the front end of the base (3) are both provided with a front bottom and a rear top wind guide slope, and the top surface of the base (3) is a front bottom and a rear top slope.

5. A photovoltaic tracking linkage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The wind deflector (42) is provided with a damping spring (45) in the area corresponding to the drive wheel (411) on its side. The damping spring (45) stretches and contracts elastically in a first preset direction, and its output end bottom surface always elastically contacts the top surface of the drive wheel (411), and its elastic force is greater than the weight of the windshield (42). The wind deflector (42) and the upright plate (31) are slidably disposed along a first preset direction; The elastic band (43) and the wind deflector (42) are slidably disposed along a first preset direction; The first preset direction is a straight line direction perpendicular to the top surface of the base (3).

6. The photovoltaic tracking linkage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The windshield assembly (4) also includes a side baffle (44), wherein, The side baffle (44) is fixed to the side of the base (3), and its side end abuts against the side end of the photovoltaic module (1), and its front end is aligned with the front end of the base (3).

7. The photovoltaic tracking linkage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The base (3) is equipped with an electric rotary table at its bottom.

8. A photovoltaic tracking linkage method, using the photovoltaic tracking linkage structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. When wind protection is required, start the first linear motor (21) and the second linear motor (32). S2. Drive the lower end of the second lever arm (22) forward by the second linear motor (32) so that the column (2) is lowered around the hinge point with the upright plate (31). At the same time, adjust the first lever arm (11) synchronously by the first linear motor (21) to control the pitch angle of the photovoltaic module (1) and avoid interference between the photovoltaic module (1) and the column (2) or the base (3) during the process of the column (2) being lowered. S3. When the column (2) is completely laid down close to the base (3), the photovoltaic module (1) is stacked on top of the column (2) to form a folded storage state.

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