Energy-saving graphite crucible high-temperature carbonization equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses energy-saving graphite crucible high-temperature carbonization equipment, which comprises a furnace body and a furnace cover, and is characterized in that the furnace body is composed of a wall body structure, the interior of the furnace body is of a multi-chamber annular structure, and the furnace cover movably covers the upper part of the furnace body; the wall structure comprises concrete, three red brick layers, three refractory brick layers, two fiber blanket layers and two ceramic fiber plates. The invention relates to the technical field of carbonization furnaces, and has the beneficial effects that by adopting a multi-chamber annular structure and a pulse type direct injection combustion system, large-scale batch production and extremely high heat energy utilization efficiency are realized, the productivity is remarkably improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbonization furnace technology, and in particular to an energy-saving high-temperature carbonization device for graphite crucibles. Background Technology

[0002] High-temperature carbonization of graphite crucibles is a key process in the preparation of high-performance graphite materials, and it needs to be carried out in a specific high-temperature environment.

[0003] Traditional carbonization furnace equipment generally suffers from problems such as high energy consumption, poor temperature uniformity, low thermal efficiency, significant environmental pollution, and low automation. For example, common single-chamber or continuous furnace structures often struggle to balance the contradiction between large-scale production and flexible control; combustion systems are mostly continuous or simply controlled, leading to insufficient fuel utilization and frequent local overheating or underheating; flue gas emission systems are simply designed, making waste heat recovery difficult and environmental treatment ineffective; in addition, insufficient furnace insulation and sealing further exacerbate heat loss.

[0004] In light of this, in-depth research into the aforementioned issues led to the creation of this case. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems by designing an energy-saving high-temperature carbonization device for graphite crucibles, which solves the problems existing in the current carbonization furnace technology.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to achieve the above objectives is as follows: an energy-saving graphite crucible high-temperature carbonization device, comprising a furnace body and a furnace cover, characterized in that the furnace body is composed of a wall structure, the interior of the furnace body has a multi-chamber ring structure, and the furnace cover is movably mounted on the top of the furnace body; The wall structure includes: concrete, three layers of red brick, three layers of firebrick, two layers of fiber blanket, and two layers of ceramic fiber board; The outer wall and bottom of the furnace are made of concrete. Three layers of red bricks are laid on the bottom of the furnace, and three layers of refractory bricks are laid on the red bricks. The red bricks and refractory bricks are laid alternately to form ventilation holes on the surface of the furnace. Two layers of fiber blankets are fixedly laid on the outside of the outer wall of the furnace, and two layers of ceramic fiber boards are fixedly installed on the outer layer of the fiber blankets. The multi-chamber annular structure includes: multiple furnace chambers, fire channels, combustion components, and a flue system; The furnace body has multiple furnace chambers inside, and each furnace chamber is provided with a fire channel. The combustion component is fixedly installed in the fire channel, and the flue assembly is located inside the furnace body and is connected to the fire channel. The flue system includes: a branch pipe for the chimney, a main pipe for the chimney, a main exhaust pipe, and a chimney ash removal assembly; The pipe branch is movably fitted at the end of the fire duct, the main pipe is installed at the end of the pipe branch and connected to it, the main pipe is connected to the main exhaust pipe, and the smoke pipe ash removal assembly is fixedly installed inside the main exhaust pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the combustion assembly includes: a combustion gas pipeline, a combustion-supporting gas pipeline, an inner cavity, a connecting pipe, a ceramic burner nozzle, and a pulse igniter; The combustion gas pipeline is fixedly installed on the left rear end of the inner cavity and communicates with the inner cavity. The combustion-supporting gas pipeline is fixedly installed on the right rear end of the inner cavity and communicates with the inner cavity. Each of the combustion gas pipeline and the combustion-supporting gas pipeline is equipped with a solenoid valve and a pressure gauge. The connecting pipe is fixedly installed on the front end of the inner cavity and communicates with it. The ceramic burner nozzle is installed on the front end of the connecting pipe. The pulse igniter is fixedly installed inside the ceramic burner nozzle.

[0008] Preferably, the flue dust removal assembly includes: a fixed frame, a motor, a first gear, a mounting frame, a second gear, a connecting shaft, two scrapers, and fan blades; The mounting bracket is fixedly installed above the main exhaust duct. The motor is fixedly installed on the mounting bracket, and the motor output shaft passes through the main exhaust duct. The first gear is fixedly installed on the motor output shaft. The mounting bracket is fixedly installed inside the main exhaust duct. The second gear is installed on the mounting bracket through a bearing, and the second gear meshes with the first gear. The connecting shaft is fixedly installed on the second gear. The two scrapers are fixedly installed on the connecting shaft, and the fan blades are fixedly installed at the front end of the connecting shaft.

[0009] Preferably, a ceramic fiber sealing layer is provided between the furnace cover and the furnace body.

[0010] Preferably, both the first gear and the second gear are helical gears.

[0011] Preferably, the first gear and the second gear have the same module.

[0012] Preferably, the pressure angles of the first gear and the second gear are equal.

[0013] Preferably, the ceramic burner nozzle has air inlet holes evenly distributed at its upper end.

[0014] Preferably, the two scrapers are symmetrically mounted on the connecting shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the scraper is a long, arc-shaped strip.

[0016] This invention, through the adoption of a multi-chamber ring structure, a composite wall insulation system, and a ceramic fiber sealing layer on the furnace lid, achieves internal circulation and efficient isolation of thermal energy, significantly improving thermal efficiency and reducing energy consumption. The furnace bottom, with its staggered brick layers forming uniform ventilation holes, combined with a direct-injection burner with precise control, ensures the uniformity and stability of temperature distribution within the furnace, thereby improving the consistency of carbonized product quality. The multiple independent furnace chamber design allows for a maximum loading capacity of 240 crucibles per furnace, significantly increasing production capacity and adapting to the needs of large-scale production. Furthermore, the equipment is equipped with an automatic flue dust removal system, which uses helical gear transmission to drive the scraper and fan blades, achieving self-cleaning of the flue and unobstructed flue gas flow, reducing manual maintenance and enhancing operational continuity and reliability. This achieves clean production. The entire equipment achieves fully automated operation from ignition and combustion to flue gas exhaust, possessing high reliability, high stability, and significant comprehensive economic and technical advantages. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a first front-view three-dimensional structural diagram of an energy-saving graphite crucible high-temperature carbonization device according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a second main view structural schematic diagram of an energy-saving graphite crucible high-temperature carbonization device according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top cross-sectional view of the energy-saving graphite crucible high-temperature carbonization equipment described in this invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a front-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the firing component of an energy-saving graphite crucible high-temperature carbonization device according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a front cross-sectional view of the firing assembly of an energy-saving graphite crucible high-temperature carbonization device according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a front-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the smoke pipe ash removal component of an energy-saving graphite crucible high-temperature carbonization equipment according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a left-side sectional view of the ash removal component of the flue of an energy-saving graphite crucible high-temperature carbonization equipment according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the wall of an energy-saving graphite crucible high-temperature carbonization device according to the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Furnace body, 2. Furnace cover, 3. Concrete, 4. Red brick layer, 5. Refractory brick layer, 6. Fiber blanket layer, 7. Ceramic fiberboard, 8. Furnace chamber, 9. Fire passage, 10. Pipeline of flue, 11. Main pipe of flue, 12. Main exhaust pipe, 13. Combustion gas pipe, 14. Combustion-supporting gas pipe, 15. Inner cavity, 16. Connecting pipe, 17. Ceramic burner nozzle, 18. Pulse igniter, 19. Fixing frame, 20. Motor, 21. First gear, 22. Mounting frame, 23. Second gear, 24. Connecting shaft, 25. Scraper, 26. Fan blade. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, such as... Figure 1-8 As shown, an energy-saving high-temperature carbonization device for graphite crucibles is presented.

[0027] Example: An energy-saving graphite crucible high-temperature carbonization device, comprising a furnace body 1 and a furnace cover 2, characterized in that the furnace body 1 is composed of a wall structure, the interior of the furnace body 1 has a multi-chamber ring structure, and the furnace cover 2 is movably mounted on top of the furnace body 1. The wall structure includes: 3 layers of concrete, 4 layers of three red bricks, 5 layers of three firebricks, 6 layers of two fiber blankets, and 7 layers of two ceramic fiberboards. The outer wall and bottom of the furnace body 1 are made of concrete 3. Three layers of red brick 4 are laid on the bottom of the furnace, three layers of refractory brick 5 are laid on the red brick 4, two layers of fiber blanket 6 are fixedly laid on the outer side of the outer wall of the furnace body 1, and two layers of ceramic fiber board 7 are fixedly installed on the outer layer of the fiber blanket.

[0028] It should be noted that the furnace body 1, as the main structure and skeleton of this device, is formed by pouring concrete 3. The furnace body 1 supports all other components and has a multi-chamber ring structure inside. The furnace cover 2 is movable and installed on top of the furnace body 1. First, the furnace bottom and the outer wall of the furnace body 1 are formed by pouring concrete 3. On the concrete furnace bottom, three layers of red brick 4 are laid. The red brick layer 4 has certain fire resistance and heat storage properties and mainly serves as a load-bearing and transition layer. On the red brick layer 4, three layers of refractory brick 5 are laid. The refractory brick layer 5 is the core layer that directly faces the high temperature inside the furnace. The refractory brick has extremely high refractoriness and high temperature strength and is used to directly support the crucible and withstand the high temperature. Two layers of fiber blanket 6 are fixedly laid on the outside of the concrete 3 outer wall. The fiber blanket layer 6 can effectively block the first heat loss. Then, two layers of ceramic fiber board 7 are fixedly installed on the outer layer of the fiber blanket layer 6. The ceramic fiber board 7 has stronger heat insulation ability and greatly reduces heat loss from the furnace wall.

[0029] Specifically, the multi-chamber annular structure includes: multiple furnace chambers 8, fire channels 9, combustion components, and a flue system; The furnace body 1 has multiple furnace chambers 8 inside, and each furnace chamber 8 has a fire channel 9. The combustion component is fixedly installed in the fire channel 9, and the flue component is located inside the furnace body 1 and is connected to the fire channel 9.

[0030] It should be noted that the furnace body 1 has a multi-chamber ring structure, which consists of multiple independent chambers separated by concrete walls 3, arranged in a ring array. Each furnace chamber 8 is a working area for carbonization of graphite crucibles. The ring arrangement allows heat to be transferred and circulated between adjacent furnace chambers 8, enabling batch and different-stage operations. Each furnace chamber 8 is surrounded by fire channels 9, and each fire channel 9 is equipped with an independently controlled firing assembly. The firing assembly directly heats the products in the furnace chamber 8, ensuring a uniform temperature distribution within the furnace and avoiding local overheating or undercooling, thus ensuring consistent product quality. The flue system allows the flue gas generated during combustion to be drawn out from each fire channel 9 and furnace chamber 8. At the same time, the high-temperature flue gas flows through the low-temperature furnace chamber 8, realizing spatial transfer and time-staggered utilization of heat.

[0031] Specifically, the flue system includes: a branch pipe 10, a main pipe 11, a main exhaust pipe 12, and a flue dust removal assembly; The pipe branch pipe 10 is movably fitted at the end of the fire duct 9. The main pipe pipe 11 is installed at the end of the pipe branch pipe 10 and connected to it. The main pipe pipe 11 is connected to the main exhaust pipe 12. The smoke pipe ash removal component is fixedly installed inside the main exhaust pipe 12.

[0032] It should be noted that the flue pipe 10 is directly connected to the outlet of the fire channel 9 of each furnace chamber 8. The flue pipe 10 flexibly draws flue gas from the fire channel 9 and collects these high-temperature waste gases into the main flue pipe 11. The main flue pipe 11 is connected to the main exhaust pipe 12 through the flue gas connecting seat pipe. Through the flue gas connecting seat pipe, the heat of the high-temperature flue gas can be circulated between the furnace chambers 8, maximizing the utilization rate of waste heat. The flue pipe ash removal component fixedly installed on the inner wall of the main exhaust pipe 12 also starts to work. The flue pipe ash removal component works regularly to ensure the smooth flow of the pipe and ensure that the flue gas flow is controllable.

[0033] Specifically, the combustion assembly includes: a combustion gas pipe 13, an oxidizing gas pipe 14, an inner cavity 15, a connecting pipe 16, a ceramic burner nozzle 17, and a pulse igniter 18; Combustion gas pipeline 13 is fixedly installed on the left rear end of inner cavity 15 and connected to inner cavity 15. Combustion-supporting gas pipeline 14 is fixedly installed on the right rear end of inner cavity 15 and connected to inner cavity 15. Each of combustion gas pipeline 13 and combustion-supporting gas pipeline is equipped with a solenoid valve and a pressure gauge. Connecting pipe 16 is fixedly installed on the front end of inner cavity 15 and connected to it. Ceramic burner nozzle 17 is installed on the front end of connecting pipe 16. Pulse igniter 18 is fixedly installed inside ceramic burner nozzle 17.

[0034] It should be noted that, firstly, the combustion gas pipeline 13 and the combustion-supporting gas pipeline 14 are ventilated. Two solenoid valves are opened by electromagnetic control. When the pressure gauge reading is normal, the two gases pass through the inner cavity 15 and the connecting pipe 16 in sequence, and the two gases are fully mixed, which can make the combustion gas burn more completely. The mixed gases reach the ceramic burner nozzle 17, and then are ignited by pulse ignition. The flame size is controlled by controlling the amount of combustion gas entering the furnace through the solenoid valve, which can accurately control the furnace temperature and greatly improve the heating uniformity in the furnace cavity.

[0035] Specifically, the flue dust removal assembly includes: a fixed frame 19, a motor 20, a first gear 21, a mounting frame 22, a second gear 23, a connecting shaft 24, two scrapers 25, and a fan blade 26; The mounting bracket 19 is fixedly installed above the main exhaust pipe 12. The motor 20 is fixedly installed on the mounting bracket 19, and the output shaft of the motor 20 passes through the main exhaust pipe. The first gear 21 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the motor 20. The mounting bracket 22 is fixedly installed inside the main exhaust pipe 12. The second gear 23 is installed on the mounting bracket 22 through a bearing, and the second gear 23 meshes with the first gear 21. The connecting shaft 24 is fixedly installed on the second gear 23. Two scrapers 25 are fixedly installed on the connecting shaft 24. The fan blade 26 is fixedly installed at the front end of the connecting shaft 24.

[0036] It should be noted that when the smoke extraction system needs cleaning after operating for a period of time, the motor 20 installed on the fixed bracket 19 is started. The fixed bracket 19 ensures that the entire assembly is stable above the duct. The output shaft of the motor 20 starts to rotate, driving the first gear 21 fixed at its end to rotate synchronously. The first gear 21 meshes with the second gear 23, changing the power and direction of motion by 90 degrees and transmitting it to the vertical second gear 23. The second gear 23 drives the two scrapers 25 and fan blades 26 on it to start to revolve around the axis of the connecting shaft 24 through the connecting shaft 24. During the rotation, the edges of the two scrapers 25 directly contact the inner wall of the duct, and use mechanical force to powerfully scrape off and peel off various types of firmly attached deposits, solving the fundamental problem of dust accumulation. At the same time, the fan uses the airflow or centrifugal force generated by the rotation to blow away the loose dirt scraped off by the scrapers 25, preventing secondary adhesion and ensuring that cleaning waste is effectively discharged, which is the key to improving cleaning efficiency.

[0037] Specifically, a ceramic fiber sealing layer is provided between the furnace cover 2 and the furnace body 1. The ceramic fiber material is soft and compressible, which can perfectly fill the tiny gaps between the furnace cover 23 and the furnace opening, achieving an airtight seal, reducing heat loss and maintaining stable pressure inside the furnace.

[0038] Specifically, both the first gear 21 and the second gear 23 are helical gears, with equal modules and pressure angles. Using helical gears with equal modules and pressure angles for transmission ensures smooth meshing, high torque transmission, and low operating noise, guaranteeing long-term reliable operation of the dust removal mechanism.

[0039] Specifically, the red brick layer 4 and the refractory brick layer 5 are laid alternately to form ventilation holes on the furnace surface. The alternating laying of the red brick layer 4 and the refractory brick layer 5 forms evenly distributed ventilation holes on the furnace surface at the bottom of the furnace, which helps the hot airflow to diffuse evenly at the bottom of the furnace chamber 8, thereby ensuring the uniformity of heating of materials in all parts of the furnace, especially at the bottom, and improving the consistency of carbonization product quality.

[0040] Specifically, the ceramic burner nozzle 17 has uniformly spaced air inlets at its upper end. The uniformly spaced air inlets are a key design feature to ensure combustion efficiency, flame stability, and temperature uniformity.

[0041] Specifically, the two scrapers 25 are symmetrically mounted on the connecting shaft 24, and the scrapers 25 are elongated arc-shaped. When the symmetrically arranged scrapers 25 rotate, they can generate a uniform force on the surrounding medium and materials, which is the core structural guarantee for realizing their design function. The elongated arc shape is usually to match the inner wall contour of the object being worked on, so as to ensure the maximum cleaning or contact area, while reducing resistance.

[0042] The above technical solutions only embody the preferred technical solutions of the present invention. Any modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art to certain parts thereof embody the principles of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving graphite crucible high-temperature carbonization equipment, comprising a furnace body (1), a furnace cover (2), characterized in that, The furnace body (1) is composed of a wall structure, and the furnace body (1) is internally a multi-chamber ring structure, and the furnace cover (2) is movably capped on the top of the furnace body (1); The wall structure comprises concrete (3), three layers of red brick layers (4), three layers of refractory brick layers (5), two layers of fiber blanket layers (6) and two layers of ceramic fiber boards (7); The outer wall and the bottom of the furnace body (1) are completed by pouring concrete (3), three layers of the red brick layers (4) are laid on the top of the bottom, three layers of the refractory brick layers (5) are laid on the top of the red brick layers (4), and the red brick layers (4) and the refractory brick layers (5) are alternately laid to form a kang surface air hole, two layers of the fiber blanket layers (6) are fixedly laid on the outside of the outer wall of the furnace body (1), and two layers of the ceramic fiber boards (7) are fixedly installed on the outer layer of the fiber blanket; The multi-chamber ring structure comprises a plurality of furnace chambers (8), flues (9), a spray burning assembly and a flue system; A plurality of the furnace chambers (8) are formed in the furnace body (1), each of the furnace chambers (8) is provided with a flue (9), the spray burning assembly is fixedly installed in the flue (9), and the flue assembly is located in the furnace body (1) and communicates with the flue (9); The flue system comprises a flue branch pipe (10), a flue main pipe (11), a main smoke exhaust pipe (12) and a smoke pipe ash removal assembly; The flue branch pipe (10) is movably sleeved on the end of the flue (9), the flue main pipe (11) is installed on the end of the flue branch pipe (10) and communicates with the flue branch pipe (10), the flue main pipe (11) is connected with the main smoke exhaust pipe (12), and the smoke pipe ash removal assembly is fixedly installed in the main smoke exhaust pipe (12).

2. The energy-saving graphite crucible high-temperature carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The spray burning assembly comprises a combustion gas pipe (13), a combustion-supporting gas pipe (14), an inner cavity (15), a connecting pipe (16), a ceramic burner nozzle (17) and a pulse igniter (18); The combustion gas pipe (13) is fixedly installed on the left side of the rear end of the inner cavity (15) and communicates with the inner cavity (15), the combustion-supporting gas pipe (14) is fixedly installed on the right side of the rear end of the inner cavity (15) and communicates with the inner cavity (15), the combustion gas pipe (13) and the combustion-supporting gas pipe are respectively provided with an electromagnetic valve and a pressure gauge, the connecting pipe (16) is fixedly installed on the front end of the inner cavity (15) and communicates with the inner cavity (15), the ceramic burner nozzle (17) is installed on the front end of the connecting pipe (16), and the pulse igniter (18) is fixedly installed in the ceramic burner nozzle (17).

3. The energy saving graphite crucible high temperature carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The smoke pipe ash removal assembly comprises a fixing frame (19), a motor (20), a first gear (21), a mounting frame (22), a second gear (23), a connecting shaft (24), two scrapers (25) and a fan blade (26); The fixed frame (19) is fixedly installed above the main smoke exhaust duct (12), the motor (20) is fixedly installed on the fixed frame (19), and the output shaft of the motor (20) penetrates the main smoke exhaust duct, the first gear (21) is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the motor (20), the mounting frame (22) is fixedly installed in the main smoke exhaust duct (12), the second gear (23) is installed on the mounting frame (22) through a bearing, and the second gear (23) is engaged with the first gear (21), the connecting shaft (24) is fixedly installed on the second gear (23), and two scraper plates (25) are fixedly installed on the connecting shaft (24), and the fan blade (26) is fixedly installed on the front end of the connecting shaft (24).

4. The energy saving graphite crucible high temperature carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The ceramic fiber sealing layer is arranged between the furnace cover (2) and the furnace body (1).

5. The energy saving graphite crucible high temperature carbonization apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by The first gear (21) and the second gear (23) are both helical gears.

6. The energy saving graphite crucible high temperature carbonization apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by The first gear (21) and the second gear (23) have equal module.

7. The energy saving graphite crucible high temperature carbonization apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by The first gear (21) and the second gear (23) have equal pressure angles.

8. The energy saving graphite crucible high temperature carbonization apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by, Uniform air inlet holes are formed in the upper end of the ceramic burner nozzle (17).

9. The energy saving graphite crucible high temperature carbonization apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by, Two scraper plates (25) are symmetrically installed on the connecting shaft (24).

10. The energy saving graphite crucible high temperature carbonization apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by, The scraper plate (25) is a long strip-shaped arc.

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