Multi-dimensional parameter collaborative control method and system for laser cladding welding process of molds

Abstract

This invention relates to the technical field of programmed control systems for mold cladding welding, and discloses a multi-dimensional parameter collaborative control method and system for the mold laser cladding welding process. By intelligently analyzing the unit mass melt volume parameters of the cladding filler used in mold repair based on the characteristic information of the cladding filler used in mold repair, combined with intelligent recognition algorithms and data-based melting volume data of different cladding fillers per unit mass, the method achieves quantitative calculation of the required cladding filler mass for the mold repair area based on the physical characteristics of the cladding material. Furthermore, based on the mold repair filler volume data and the current cladding filler unit mass melt volume data, the method performs adaptive measurement of the current cladding filler mass used in mold repair, achieving precise control of mold laser cladding welding based on multi-source parameters including the volume of the mold repair area, the mold repair machining allowance, and the characteristics of the cladding filler, thereby improving the accuracy and intelligence of mold laser cladding welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of programmed control systems for mold cladding welding, specifically to a multi-dimensional parameter collaborative control method and system for the laser cladding welding process of molds. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cladding welding for molds is an advanced remanufacturing technology used to repair and strengthen mold surfaces. The process is similar to "minimally invasive precision welding": a high-energy laser beam is used as a heat source, precisely irradiating the area of ​​the mold to be repaired, while specialized metal powder is simultaneously fed into the molten pool. The powder melts instantly and forms a strong metallurgical bond with the mold substrate, forming a high-performance cladding layer upon cooling. The core advantages of this technology are precision, efficiency, and strength: minimal heat-affected zone: the highly concentrated laser energy minimizes thermal damage to the mold body, greatly avoiding deformation and performance degradation. Excellent bonding strength: the cladding layer and substrate are metallurgically bonded, strong and dense, and not easily peeled off. Customizable performance: by changing the powder material (such as wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and high-hardness alloys), the local performance of the mold can be specifically improved, far exceeding the original level. High repair precision: it can achieve precise local repair of complex shapes with minimal subsequent processing. In the mold industry, it is mainly used to repair high-value molds (such as die-casting molds, stamping molds, and injection molds) that have failed due to wear, corrosion, or cracks. It can not only restore dimensions but also improve the performance of key parts and significantly extend the mold life. It is a key technology for cost reduction and efficiency improvement. However, existing mold laser cladding welding cannot accurately control the quality of cladding filler based on multi-dimensional parameters such as the volume characteristics of the mold repair part, the mold repair machining allowance, and the characteristics of the cladding filler. This results in problems such as low precision in mold laser cladding welding and excessive filler.

[0003] Chinese invention patent application CN120560166A, published on August 29, 2025, discloses a real-time feedback control method and system for laser welding penetration stability. It acquires the plasma electron temperature characteristics during the laser welding process in real time and correlates them with penetration fluctuations as the core input signal for feedback control. This signal, with its wide-band coverage and multi-dimensional information acquisition capabilities, combined with a more efficient data parsing method, provides better real-time performance and more accurate feature extraction in laser welding real-time feedback control. A parallel self-learning fuzzy neural network controller is used to execute the real-time feedback control output for laser welding penetration fluctuations. In the control architecture, a traditional PD controller and a fuzzy neural network are connected in parallel, serving as the PD control module and the fuzzy neural network control module, respectively. However, the above technical solution cannot achieve precise control of the filler material in the penetration area during laser welding. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To address the issues of low precision and excessive filler in existing mold laser cladding welding processes, which cannot accurately control the quality of the cladding filler based on multi-dimensional parameters such as the volumetric characteristics of the mold repair area, the mold repair machining allowance, and the characteristics of the cladding filler, this paper aims to achieve the following: accurately collect point cloud information of the mold repair area, mold repair machining allowance, and mold repair cladding filler information; accurately measure the volume of the mold repair filler; scientifically analyze the unit mass melt volume of the mold repair cladding filler; digitally measure the quality of the mold repair cladding filler; intelligently and efficiently control the mold laser cladding welding process; and improve the precision and economy of mold laser cladding welding.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a multi-dimensional parameter collaborative control method for the laser cladding welding process of molds, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] The process involves collecting point cloud data of the mold repair area, mold repair machining allowance data, and mold repair cladding filler characteristic information; constructing and processing a three-dimensional spatial surface model of the mold repair area based on the point cloud parameters to obtain the three-dimensional surface model data of the mold repair area; constructing and processing a three-dimensional spatial surface model of the filler required for mold repair based on the mold repair machining allowance to obtain the three-dimensional surface model data of the mold repair filler and measuring the volume data of the mold repair filler; analyzing and processing the unit mass melt volume parameter of the cladding filler used in mold repair based on the mold repair cladding filler information to obtain the current unit mass melt volume data of the mold repair cladding filler, measuring and processing the mass of the cladding filler used in the current mold repair to obtain the current mold repair cladding filler mass data; constructing control data for mold laser cladding welding filler and executing the mold laser cladding welding filler operation.

[0009] Preferably, the steps of collecting point cloud data of the mold repair area, mold repair machining allowance data, and mold repair cladding filler feature information; constructing and processing a three-dimensional model of the spatial curved surface of the mold repair area based on the point cloud parameters of the mold repair area to obtain three-dimensional model data of the mold repair area surface; and constructing and processing a three-dimensional model of the spatial curved surface of the filler required for mold repair based on the mold repair machining allowance to obtain three-dimensional model data of the mold repair filler surface and measuring the volume data of the mold repair filler include the following steps:

[0010] Point cloud data of the inner surface of the pit to be repaired on the mold is acquired online using a 3D laser scanner, and point cloud data of the mold repair area is generated. The point cloud data of the mold repair area represents the spatial coordinate data of discrete points on the inner surface of the pit to be repaired. The information acquisition terminal of the mold laser cladding welding control terminal acquires online the reserved cladding layer thickness data for mechanical finishing after the mold has been repaired by laser cladding welding, and generates mold repair machining allowance data, the unit of which is millimeters. The information acquisition terminal of the mold laser cladding welding control terminal acquires online the characteristic information of the cladding powder material used for mold laser cladding welding repair, and generates mold repair cladding filler characteristic information. The mold repair cladding filler characteristic information includes the type and particle size of the cladding powder material, wherein the cladding powder material type includes cobalt-based alloy, iron-based alloy, nickel-based alloy and special stainless steel powder.

[0011] Based on the point cloud data of the mold repair area, a three-dimensional model of the spatial surface of the mold repair area is constructed to obtain the three-dimensional model data of the surface of the mold repair area.

[0012] Based on the three-dimensional model data of the curved surface of the mold repair part and the processing allowance data of the mold repair, the spatial curved surface three-dimensional model of the filler required for mold repair is constructed to obtain the three-dimensional model data of the mold repair filler surface;

[0013] Based on the three-dimensional model data of the mold repair filler surface, the volume of the filler space required for mold repair is measured and processed to obtain the volume data of the mold repair filler.

[0014] Preferably, the process of constructing a three-dimensional spatial surface model of the mold repair area based on the point cloud data of the mold repair area to obtain the three-dimensional surface model data of the mold repair area includes the following steps:

[0015] A Gaussian filtering algorithm was used to perform point cloud data denoising on the point cloud data of the mold repair area to obtain denoised point cloud data of the mold repair area.

[0016] A 3D reconstruction software is used to construct a 3D model of the continuous curved surface of the inner surface of the mold repair pit based on the point cloud noise reduction data of the mold repair area, and generate 3D model data of the mold repair filler surface. The 3D model data of the mold repair filler surface represents a 3D model of the continuous curved surface of the inner surface of the mold repair pit with an opening. The 3D reconstruction software includes any one of Geomagic, PolyWorks, and GOMIn.

[0017] Preferably, the process of constructing a three-dimensional model of the curved surface of the mold repair area based on the three-dimensional model data of the mold repair area and the mold repair machining allowance data, to obtain the three-dimensional model data of the mold repair filler surface includes the following steps:

[0018] Based on the 3D reconstruction software, according to the mold repair machining allowance data, the 3D model corresponding to the mold repair filler surface 3D model data is subjected to equal-length stretching along the tangent direction of the opening surface at the opening position of the 3D model data, thereby constructing the 3D machining allowance model data of the mold repair filler surface.

[0019] The three-dimensional model corresponding to the three-dimensional machining allowance model data of the mold repair filler surface is subjected to planar closure processing by three-dimensional reconstruction software to construct the three-dimensional model data of the mold repair filler surface. The three-dimensional model data of the mold repair filler surface represents a closed three-dimensional model of the continuous curved surface of the inner surface of the mold to be repaired pit and the reserved cladding layer thickness for mechanical finishing.

[0020] Preferably, the process of measuring the volume of the filler space required for mold repair based on the three-dimensional model data of the mold repair filler surface to obtain the mold repair filler volume data includes the following steps:

[0021] The volume parameters of the closed-space continuous surface three-dimensional model corresponding to the three-dimensional model data of the mold repair filler surface were measured and processed using three-dimensional reconstruction software, and the volume data of the mold repair filler was obtained. The unit of the volume data of the mold repair filler was cubic millimeters.

[0022] Preferably, the process of analyzing and processing the unit mass melt volume parameter of the cladding filler used in mold repair based on the mold repair cladding filler information to obtain the current unit mass melt volume data of the mold repair cladding filler, and measuring and processing the mass of the cladding filler used in the current mold repair to obtain the current mold repair cladding filler mass data includes the following steps:

[0023] Based on the characteristic information of the mold repair cladding filler and the data matrix of the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair, the unit mass melt volume parameter of the cladding filler used for mold repair is analyzed and processed to obtain the current unit mass melt volume data of the mold repair cladding filler;

[0024] Based on the mold repair filler volume data and the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data, the mass of the cladding filler used for current mold repair is measured and processed to obtain the current mold repair cladding filler mass data.

[0025] Preferably, the process of analyzing and processing the unit mass melt volume parameters of the cladding filler used in mold repair based on the characteristic information of the mold repair cladding filler and the data matrix of the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair, to obtain the current unit mass melt volume data of the mold repair cladding filler, includes the following steps:

[0026] Establish a data matrix of unit mass melt volume for mold repair of different cladding fillers ,in Indicates the first The data on the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair corresponding to different types of cladding powder materials, wherein the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair represents the spatial volume parameter occupied by a unit mass of cladding powder material in a completely molten state under laser heating when different types of cladding powder materials used in mold laser cladding welding are completely molten. The unit of the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair is cubic millimeters per gram.

[0027] The characteristic information of the mold repair cladding filler is compared with the data matrix of the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair. Data on the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair described in the article By performing text information matching of cladding powder material type, the unit mass melt volume data of different cladding fillers for mold repair corresponding to the characteristic information of the cladding filler for mold repair are retrieved. The specific steps for generating the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data are as follows: The data is then identified and used to generate the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data.

[0028] Step 2121: Set the unit mass melt volume data for different cladding fillers in the mold repair process. Let be the current solution. The data matrix of unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers in the mold repair Set the initial temperature for starting annealing in the search space. Randomly generate an initial solution Randomly repair the unit mass melt volume data matrix of different cladding fillers in the mold. Search the search space for the characteristic information of the cladding filler for mold repair, and search for the corresponding unit mass melt volume data of different cladding fillers for mold repair. And calculate the initial solution. The corresponding objective function value ;

[0029] Step 2122: Generate the unit mass melt volume data of different cladding fillers for mold repair. The new solution and the data on the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers used in mold repair The difference in the current solution is used to repair the unit mass melt volume data of different cladding fillers based on the mold. For the current solution The perturbation is performed to generate a unit mass melt volume data for different cladding fillers used in mold repair, based on the characteristic information of the cladding filler used in the mold repair. New interpretation Calculate the objective function value of the current solution. and the objective function value of the new solution The change in the objective function is obtained. ;

[0030] Step 2123: Determine the unit mass melt volume data of the mold repair for different cladding fillers. Whether the new solution is accepted depends on the change in the objective function. <0, then the mold repair data for different cladding fillers per unit mass melt volume New interpretation Acceptable; if the change in the objective function ≥0, then the mold repair data for the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers. New interpretation They will be accepted with the following probabilities Represents the current temperature; the probability formula is: ,in Indicates the current temperature. Represents a random function that takes values ​​in the range (0, 1);

[0031] Step 2124: When the mold repairs the unit mass melt volume data of different cladding fillers When the new solution is accepted, the mold repairs the melt volume data per unit mass of different cladding fillers. New interpretation Data on the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers used as the mold for repair Current solution;

[0032] Step 2125: Repeat steps 2121 to 2124 at the current temperature. Under the condition of repetition The process of perturbation and acceptance is repeated, followed by the next step;

[0033] Step 2126: Finally, find the global optimal solution: Determine... Has the termination temperature been reached? If so, the algorithm terminates and outputs the unit mass melt volume data of different cladding fillers for mold repair that best matches the characteristic information of the mold repair cladding filler. If not, proceed to loop step 2125 to continue execution;

[0034] Step 2127: Obtain the mold repair data for different cladding fillers per unit mass from the output of step 2126. The data is generated by identifying the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data. The current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data represents the space volume parameter occupied by the cladding powder material used in the current mold laser cladding welding when the unit mass of cladding powder material is completely melted under the action of laser heating. The unit of the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data is cubic millimeters per gram.

[0035] Preferably, the process of measuring and processing the mass of the cladding filler used for current mold repair based on the mold repair filler volume data and the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data to obtain the current mold repair cladding filler mass data includes the following steps:

[0036] The volume data of the mold repair filler is divided by the unit mass melt volume data of the current mold repair cladding filler to obtain the current mold repair cladding filler mass data. The current mold repair cladding filler mass data represents the total mass of the cladding powder material used in the current mold laser cladding welding. The unit of the current mold repair cladding filler mass data is grams.

[0037] Preferably, the process of constructing control data for mold laser cladding welding filler and performing mold laser cladding welding filler operation includes the following steps:

[0038] The mold repair cladding filler feature information and the current mold repair cladding filler quality data are combined and identified to construct mold laser cladding welding filler control data;

[0039] The mold laser cladding welding control terminal performs mold laser cladding welding filler operations based on the type information and quality parameters of the cladding powder material corresponding to the mold laser cladding welding filler control data.

[0040] A multi-dimensional parameter collaborative control system for the mold laser cladding welding process is used to realize the multi-dimensional parameter collaborative control method for the mold laser cladding welding process. The system includes a mold laser repair volume detection module, a mold laser repair filler quality calculation module, and a mold laser repair filler control module.

[0041] The mold laser repair volume detection module includes a mold repair part point cloud acquisition unit, a mold repair machining allowance acquisition unit, a mold repair cladding filler information acquisition unit, a mold repair part surface model establishment unit, a mold repair filler surface model establishment unit, and a mold repair filler volume measurement unit.

[0042] The mold repair area point cloud acquisition unit acquires point cloud data of the mold repair area using a 3D laser scanner; the mold repair machining allowance acquisition unit acquires mold repair machining allowance data through the information acquisition terminal of the mold laser cladding welding control terminal; the mold repair cladding filler information acquisition unit acquires characteristic information of the mold repair cladding filler through the information acquisition terminal of the mold laser cladding welding control terminal; the mold repair area curved surface model establishment unit constructs a spatial curved 3D model of the mold repair area based on the mold repair area point cloud data and in conjunction with 3D reconstruction software, obtaining mold repair area curved surface 3D model data; the mold repair filler curved surface model establishment unit constructs a spatial curved 3D model of the filler required for mold repair based on the mold repair area curved surface 3D model data, the mold repair machining allowance data, and in conjunction with 3D reconstruction software, obtaining mold repair filler curved surface 3D model data; the mold repair filler volume measurement unit measures the spatial volume of the filler required for mold repair based on the mold repair filler curved surface 3D model data and in conjunction with 3D reconstruction software, obtaining mold repair filler volume data.

[0043] The mold laser repair filler quality calculation module includes a storage unit for the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair, a parameter analysis unit for the unit mass melt volume of the cladding filler for current mold repair, and a quality calculation unit for the cladding filler for current mold repair.

[0044] The storage unit for unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers used in mold repair is used to store unit mass melt volume data of different cladding fillers used in mold repair. The current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume parameter analysis unit analyzes and processes the unit mass melt volume parameter of the cladding filler used in mold repair based on the characteristic information of the cladding filler used in mold repair and the unit mass melt volume data of different cladding fillers used in mold repair, to obtain the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data. The current mold repair cladding filler mass measurement unit measures and processes the mass of the cladding filler used in current mold repair based on the mold repair filler volume data and the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data, to obtain the current mold repair cladding filler mass data.

[0045] The mold laser repair filler control module includes a mold laser cladding welding filler control parameter construction unit and a mold laser cladding welding filler operation execution unit;

[0046] The mold laser cladding welding filler control parameter construction unit constructs mold laser cladding welding filler control data based on the mold repair cladding filler characteristic information, the current mold repair cladding filler quality data, and data processing; the mold laser cladding welding filler operation execution unit executes mold laser cladding welding filler operation based on the mold laser cladding welding filler control data and in conjunction with the mold laser cladding welding control terminal.

[0047] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0048] This invention provides a multi-dimensional parameter coordinated control method and system for the laser cladding welding process of molds. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] I. Accurately acquire point cloud data of the mold repair area using a 3D laser scanner, providing reliable data support for the precise construction of the 3D spatial surface features of the mold repair area; efficiently acquire mold repair processing allowance information and mold repair cladding filler characteristics through the information acquisition terminal of the mold laser cladding welding control end, providing accurate data support for the scientific calculation of the filler volume of the mold repair area; autonomously construct a 3D model of the spatial surface of the mold repair area based on the point cloud data of the mold repair area and in combination with 3D reconstruction software, realizing dynamic digital construction of the spatial features of the mold repair area during the mold laser cladding welding process; efficiently construct a 3D model of the spatial surface of the filler required for mold repair based on the 3D model data of the mold repair area surface, mold repair processing allowance data, and in combination with 3D reconstruction software, realizing accurate construction of the spatial features of the filler in the mold repair area during the mold laser cladding welding process; efficiently and accurately measure the spatial volume of the filler required for mold repair based on the 3D model data of the mold repair filler surface and in combination with 3D reconstruction software, realizing reliable measurement of the spatial volume parameters of the filler in the mold repair area during the mold laser cladding welding process, and improving the quality of mold laser cladding welding control.

[0050] Second, by combining the characteristic information of the cladding filler used in mold repair with intelligent recognition algorithms and data-based melting volume data of different cladding fillers per unit mass for mold repair, intelligent analysis of the melting volume parameters of the cladding filler used in mold repair is performed. This enables quantitative calculation of the required cladding filler mass for the mold repair area based on the physical characteristics of the cladding material, improving the scientific nature of mold laser cladding welding control. Furthermore, based on the mold repair filler volume data and the current melting volume data of the cladding filler per unit mass, adaptive measurement of the cladding filler mass used in the current mold repair is performed. This enables precise control of mold laser cladding welding based on multi-source parameters including the volume of the mold repair area, the mold repair machining allowance, and the characteristics of the cladding filler, improving the accuracy and intelligence of mold laser cladding welding.

[0051] Third, by dynamically and efficiently constructing mold laser cladding welding filler control data based on mold repair cladding filler characteristic information, current mold repair cladding filler quality data, and data processing, and combining this with the mold laser cladding welding control terminal to quickly and reliably respond to mold laser cladding welding filler operations, the safe and reliable acquisition of mold repair cladding filler parameters and the refined control of mold repair cladding filler during the mold laser cladding welding process are realized, thereby improving the economy and sensitivity of mold laser cladding welding. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the multi-dimensional parameter collaborative control system for the laser cladding welding process of molds provided by the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 A flowchart of the multi-dimensional parameter collaborative control method for the laser cladding welding process of molds provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] An example of the multi-dimensional parameter coordinated control method and system for the laser cladding welding process of the mold is as follows:

[0056] Example 1:

[0057] Please see Figures 1-2 A multi-dimensional parameter collaborative control method for the laser cladding welding process of molds, the method includes the following steps:

[0058] The process involves collecting point cloud data of the mold repair area, mold repair machining allowance data, and mold repair cladding filler characteristic information; constructing and processing a three-dimensional spatial surface model of the mold repair area based on the point cloud parameters to obtain the three-dimensional surface model data of the mold repair area; constructing and processing a three-dimensional spatial surface model of the filler required for mold repair based on the mold repair machining allowance to obtain the three-dimensional surface model data of the mold repair filler and measuring the volume data of the mold repair filler; analyzing and processing the unit mass melt volume parameter of the cladding filler used in mold repair based on the mold repair cladding filler information to obtain the current unit mass melt volume data of the mold repair cladding filler, measuring and processing the mass of the cladding filler used in the current mold repair to obtain the current mold repair cladding filler mass data; constructing control data for mold laser cladding welding filler and executing the mold laser cladding welding filler operation.

[0059] For further details, please refer to Figures 1-2 The process involves collecting point cloud data of the mold repair area, mold repair machining allowance data, and mold repair cladding filler feature information; constructing and processing a three-dimensional spatial surface model of the mold repair area based on the point cloud parameters to obtain the three-dimensional surface model data of the mold repair area; and constructing and processing a three-dimensional spatial surface model of the filler required for mold repair based on the mold repair machining allowance to obtain the three-dimensional surface model data of the mold repair filler and measuring the volume data of the mold repair filler. The steps include:

[0060] Step 11: Online acquisition of point cloud data of the inner surface of the pit to be repaired in the mold using a 3D laser scanner, and generation of point cloud data of the mold repair area; the point cloud data of the mold repair area represents the spatial coordinate data of discrete points on the inner surface of the pit to be repaired in the mold; online acquisition of the reserved cladding layer thickness data for mechanical finishing after laser cladding welding repair of the mold using the information acquisition terminal of the mold laser cladding welding control terminal, and generation of mold repair machining allowance data, the unit of which is millimeters; online acquisition of the characteristic information of the cladding powder material used for mold laser cladding welding repair using the information acquisition terminal of the mold laser cladding welding control terminal, and generation of mold repair cladding filler characteristic information, including the type and particle size of the cladding powder material, wherein the cladding powder material type includes cobalt-based alloy, iron-based alloy, nickel-based alloy and special stainless steel powder;

[0061] Step 12: Based on the point cloud data of the mold repair area, construct a three-dimensional model of the spatial curved surface of the mold repair area to obtain the three-dimensional model data of the curved surface of the mold repair area.

[0062] Step 13: Based on the 3D model data of the curved surface of the mold repair area and the machining allowance data of the mold repair, construct the 3D model of the spatial curved surface of the filler required for mold repair to obtain the 3D model data of the curved surface of the mold repair filler.

[0063] Step 14: Based on the three-dimensional model data of the mold repair filler surface, measure and process the volume of the filler space required for mold repair to obtain the volume data of the mold repair filler.

[0064] The process of constructing a three-dimensional spatial surface model of the mold repair area based on the point cloud data of the mold repair area includes the following steps:

[0065] Step 121: Use Gaussian filtering algorithm to perform point cloud data denoising on the point cloud data of the mold repair area to obtain the denoised point cloud data of the mold repair area;

[0066] Step 122: Using 3D reconstruction software, construct a 3D model of the continuous curved surface of the inner surface of the pit to be repaired on the mold based on the point cloud noise reduction data of the mold repair area, and generate 3D model data of the mold repair filler surface; the 3D model data of the mold repair filler surface represents a 3D model of the continuous curved surface of the inner surface of the pit to be repaired on the mold with an opening. The 3D reconstruction software includes any one of Geomagic, PolyWorks, and GOMIn.

[0067] Based on the 3D model data of the curved surface of the mold repair area and the mold repair machining allowance data, the spatial curved 3D model of the filler required for mold repair is constructed, and the 3D model data of the mold repair filler surface includes the following steps:

[0068] Step 131: Based on the 3D reconstruction software, according to the mold repair machining allowance data, perform equal-length stretching of the surface at the opening position of the 3D model corresponding to the mold repair filler surface 3D model data along the tangent direction of the opening surface to construct the 3D machining allowance model data of the mold repair filler surface.

[0069] Step 132: Using 3D reconstruction software, perform planar closure processing on the 3D model stretching opening position corresponding to the 3D machining allowance model data of the mold repair filler surface to construct the 3D model data of the mold repair filler surface. The 3D model data of the mold repair filler surface represents the closed 3D model of the continuous curved surface of the inner surface of the pit to be repaired and the reserved cladding layer thickness for mechanical finishing.

[0070] The process of measuring and processing the volume of the filler space required for mold repair based on the three-dimensional model data of the mold repair filler surface to obtain the mold repair filler volume data includes the following steps:

[0071] Step 141: Use 3D reconstruction software to measure and process the volume parameters of the closed space continuous surface 3D model corresponding to the 3D model data of the mold repair filler surface, and obtain the volume data of the mold repair filler. The unit of the volume data of the mold repair filler is cubic millimeters.

[0072] Accurate point cloud data of the mold repair area is acquired using a 3D laser scanner, providing reliable data support for the precise construction of the 3D spatial surface features of the mold repair area. Information acquisition from the mold laser cladding welding control terminal efficiently obtains mold repair machining allowance information and mold repair cladding filler characteristics, providing accurate data support for the scientific calculation of the filler volume in the mold repair area. Based on the point cloud data of the mold repair area and combined with 3D reconstruction software, a 3D model of the spatial surface of the mold repair area is autonomously constructed, realizing the dynamic digital construction of the spatial features of the mold repair area during the mold laser cladding welding process. Based on the 3D model data of the mold repair area surface, mold repair machining allowance data, and combined with 3D reconstruction software, a 3D model of the spatial surface of the filler required for mold repair is efficiently constructed, achieving precise construction of the spatial features of the filler in the mold repair area during the mold laser cladding welding process. Based on the 3D model data of the mold repair filler surface and combined with 3D reconstruction software, the volume of the filler space required for mold repair is efficiently and accurately measured, achieving reliable measurement of the volume parameters of the filler space in the mold repair area during the mold laser cladding welding process, thus improving the quality of mold laser cladding welding control.

[0073] For further details, please refer to Figures 1-2 Based on the information on cladding filler used in mold repair, the unit mass melt volume parameter of the cladding filler used in mold repair is analyzed and processed to obtain the current unit mass melt volume data of the cladding filler used in mold repair. The mass of the cladding filler used in the current mold repair is measured and processed to obtain the current mass data of the cladding filler used in mold repair. The steps include:

[0074] Step 21: Based on the characteristic information of the cladding filler for mold repair and the data matrix of the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair, analyze and process the unit mass melt volume parameters of the cladding filler used for mold repair to obtain the current unit mass melt volume data of the cladding filler for mold repair.

[0075] Step 22: Based on the mold repair filler volume data and the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data, perform the current mold repair cladding filler mass measurement and processing to obtain the current mold repair cladding filler mass data.

[0076] Based on the characteristic information of cladding fillers used in mold repair and the data matrix of unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair, the unit mass melt volume parameter of cladding fillers used in mold repair is analyzed and processed to obtain the current unit mass melt volume data of cladding fillers for mold repair, including the following steps:

[0077] Step 211: Establish a data matrix of unit mass melt volume for mold repair of different cladding fillers. ,in Indicates the first The data on the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair corresponding to different types of cladding powder materials. The data on the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair represents the space volume parameter occupied by a unit mass of cladding powder material in a completely melted state under laser heating when different types of cladding powder materials are used in laser cladding welding of molds. The unit of the data on the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair is cubic millimeters per gram.

[0078] Step 212: Combine the characteristic information of the cladding filler for mold repair with the data matrix of unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair. Data on melt volume per unit mass of different cladding fillers for mold repair By matching the text information of cladding powder material type, we can find the unit mass melt volume data of different cladding fillers for mold repair corresponding to the feature information of cladding fillers. The specific steps for generating the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data are as follows: The data is then identified and used to generate the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data.

[0079] Step 2121: Set mold repair data for unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers. Let be the current solution. Data matrix of unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers in mold repair Set the initial temperature for starting annealing in the search space. Randomly generate an initial solution Randomly repair the data matrix of melt volume per unit mass of different cladding fillers in the mold. The search space is used to search for characteristic information of cladding fillers for mold repair, and to find corresponding unit mass melt volume data of different cladding fillers for mold repair. And calculate the initial solution. The corresponding objective function value ;

[0080] Step 2122: Generate data on the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair. New interpretation and data on the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers in mold repair The difference in the current solution is based on the unit mass melt volume data of different cladding fillers used in mold repair. For the current solution The perturbation is performed to generate unit mass melt volume data for different cladding fillers used in mold repair, based on the characteristic information of the cladding filler. New interpretation Calculate the objective function value of the current solution. and the objective function value of the new solution The change in the objective function is obtained. ;

[0081] Step 2123: Determine the unit mass melt volume data of different cladding fillers for mold repair. Whether the new solution is accepted depends on the change in the objective function. <0, then the mold repair data for the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers. New interpretation Acceptable; if the change in the objective function ≥0 indicates the unit mass melt volume data for mold repair using different cladding fillers. New interpretation They will be accepted with the following probabilities Represents the current temperature; the probability formula is: ,in Indicates the current temperature. Represents a random function that takes values ​​in the range (0, 1);

[0082] Step 2124: When repairing molds, the unit mass melt volume data of different cladding fillers is analyzed. When the new solution is accepted, the mold repair data for the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers is used. New interpretation Used as a mold to repair the unit mass melt volume data of different cladding fillers Current solution;

[0083] Step 2125: Repeat steps 2121 to 2124 at the current temperature. Under the condition of repetition The process of perturbation and acceptance is repeated, followed by the next step;

[0084] Step 2126: Finally, find the global optimal solution: Determine... Has the termination temperature been reached? If so, the algorithm terminates and outputs the melt volume per unit mass of different cladding fillers for mold repair that best matches the characteristic information of the cladding filler for mold repair. If not, proceed to loop step 2125 to continue execution;

[0085] Step 2127: Repair the mold using the unit mass melt volume data of different cladding fillers output in step 2126. The data is generated by identifying the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data. The current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data represents the space volume parameter occupied by the cladding powder material used in the current mold laser cladding welding when the cladding powder material is completely melted under the action of laser heating. The unit of the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data is cubic millimeters per gram.

[0086] Based on the mold repair filler volume data and the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data, the current mold repair cladding filler mass measurement and processing is performed to obtain the current mold repair cladding filler mass data, including the following steps:

[0087] Step 221: Perform a numerical division between the mold repair filler volume data and the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data to calculate the current mold repair cladding filler mass data. The current mold repair cladding filler mass data represents the total mass of cladding powder material used in the current mold laser cladding welding. The unit of the current mold repair cladding filler mass data is grams.

[0088] By intelligently analyzing the unit mass melt volume parameters of cladding fillers used in mold repair based on the characteristic information of the cladding filler used in mold repair, combined with intelligent recognition algorithms and data-based melting volume data of different cladding fillers per unit mass, the required cladding filler mass for mold repair can be quantitatively calculated based on the physical characteristics of the cladding material, thus improving the scientific nature of mold laser cladding welding control. Furthermore, by adaptively measuring the cladding filler mass used in current mold repair based on the mold repair filler volume data and the current cladding filler unit mass melt volume data, the laser cladding welding of molds can be precisely controlled based on multi-source parameters including the volume of the mold repair area, the mold repair machining allowance, and the characteristics of the cladding filler, thereby improving the accuracy and intelligence of mold laser cladding welding.

[0089] For further details, please refer to Figures 1-2 The process of constructing control data for mold laser cladding welding filler and executing mold laser cladding welding filler operations includes the following steps:

[0090] Step 31: Combine and identify the characteristic information of mold repair cladding filler and the current quality data of mold repair cladding filler to construct mold laser cladding welding filler control data;

[0091] Step 32: Perform the mold laser cladding welding filler operation based on the type information and quality parameters of the cladding powder material corresponding to the mold laser cladding welding filler control data through the mold laser cladding welding control terminal.

[0092] By dynamically and efficiently constructing mold laser cladding welding filler control data based on mold repair cladding filler characteristic information, current mold repair cladding filler quality data, and data processing, and combining this with the mold laser cladding welding control terminal to quickly and reliably respond to mold laser cladding welding filler operations, the safe and reliable acquisition of mold repair cladding filler parameters and the refined control of mold repair cladding filler during the mold laser cladding welding process are realized, thereby improving the economy and sensitivity of mold laser cladding welding.

[0093] Example 2:

[0094] Please see Figures 1-2 A multi-dimensional parameter collaborative control system for the laser cladding welding process of molds is used to realize a multi-dimensional parameter collaborative control method for the laser cladding welding process of molds. The system includes a mold laser repair volume detection module, a mold laser repair filler quality calculation module, and a mold laser repair filler control module.

[0095] The mold laser repair volume detection module includes a mold repair area point cloud acquisition unit, a mold repair machining allowance acquisition unit, a mold repair cladding filler information acquisition unit, a mold repair area surface model establishment unit, a mold repair filler surface model establishment unit, and a mold repair filler volume measurement unit.

[0096] The system comprises the following components: a point cloud acquisition unit for mold repair areas, which acquires point cloud data of the mold repair area using a 3D laser scanner; a mold repair machining allowance acquisition unit, which acquires mold repair machining allowance data through the information acquisition terminal of the mold laser cladding welding control end; a mold repair cladding filler information acquisition unit, which acquires characteristic information of the mold repair cladding filler through the information acquisition terminal of the mold laser cladding welding control end; a mold repair area surface model establishment unit, which constructs a spatial surface 3D model of the mold repair area based on the point cloud data and 3D reconstruction software; a mold repair filler surface model establishment unit, which constructs a spatial surface 3D model of the filler required for mold repair based on the mold repair area surface 3D model data, mold repair machining allowance data, and 3D reconstruction software; and a mold repair filler volume measurement unit, which measures the spatial volume of the filler required for mold repair based on the mold repair filler surface 3D model data and 3D reconstruction software.

[0097] The mold laser repair filler quality calculation module includes a storage unit for the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair, a parameter analysis unit for the unit mass melt volume of the cladding filler for current mold repair, and a quality calculation unit for the cladding filler for current mold repair.

[0098] The system includes a storage unit for the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers used in mold repair, which stores data on the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers used in mold repair; a parameter analysis unit for the unit mass melt volume of cladding fillers used in current mold repair, which analyzes and processes the unit mass melt volume parameters of the cladding fillers used in mold repair based on the characteristic information of the cladding fillers used in mold repair and the data on the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers used in mold repair, to obtain the current data on the unit mass melt volume of the cladding fillers used in current mold repair; and a mass measurement unit for the current cladding fillers used in current mold repair, which measures and processes the mass of the cladding fillers used in current mold repair based on the volume data of the cladding fillers used in mold repair and the current data on the unit mass melt volume of the cladding fillers used in current mold repair, to obtain the current data on the mass of the cladding fillers used in current mold repair.

[0099] The mold laser repair filler control module includes a mold laser cladding welding filler control parameter construction unit and a mold laser cladding welding filler operation execution unit;

[0100] The mold laser cladding welding filler control parameter construction unit constructs mold laser cladding welding filler control data based on mold repair cladding filler characteristic information, current mold repair cladding filler quality data, and data processing; the mold laser cladding welding filler operation execution unit executes mold laser cladding welding filler operation based on mold laser cladding welding filler control data and in conjunction with the mold laser cladding welding control terminal.

[0101] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional parameter coordinated control method for the laser cladding welding process of molds, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: The process involves collecting point cloud data of the mold repair area, mold repair machining allowance data, and mold repair cladding filler feature information; constructing and processing a three-dimensional spatial surface model of the mold repair area based on the point cloud parameters to obtain the three-dimensional surface model data of the mold repair area; constructing and processing a three-dimensional spatial surface model of the filler required for mold repair based on the mold repair machining allowance to obtain the three-dimensional surface model data of the mold repair filler and measuring the volume data of the mold repair filler, including the following steps: Point cloud data of the inner surface of the pit to be repaired on the mold is collected online using a 3D laser scanner, and point cloud data of the mold repair area is generated. The information acquisition terminal of the mold laser cladding welding control terminal is used to collect online the reserved cladding layer thickness data for mechanical finishing after the mold has been repaired by laser cladding welding, and the mold repair machining allowance data is generated. The characteristic information of the cladding powder material used for mold laser cladding welding repair is collected online using the information acquisition terminal of the mold laser cladding welding control terminal, and the characteristic information of the mold repair cladding filler is generated. Based on the point cloud data of the mold repair area, a three-dimensional model of the spatial surface of the mold repair area is constructed to obtain the three-dimensional model data of the surface of the mold repair area. Based on the three-dimensional model data of the curved surface of the mold repair part and the processing allowance data of the mold repair, the spatial curved surface three-dimensional model of the filler required for mold repair is constructed to obtain the three-dimensional model data of the mold repair filler surface; Based on the three-dimensional model data of the mold repair filler surface, the volume of the filler space required for mold repair is measured and processed to obtain the mold repair filler volume data. Based on the information on cladding filler used in mold repair, the unit mass melt volume parameters of the cladding filler used in mold repair are analyzed and processed to obtain the current unit mass melt volume data of the cladding filler used in mold repair. The mass of the cladding filler currently used in mold repair is measured and processed to obtain the current mass data of the cladding filler used in mold repair. This includes the following steps: Based on the characteristic information of the mold repair cladding filler and the data matrix of the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair, the unit mass melt volume parameter of the cladding filler used for mold repair is analyzed and processed to obtain the current unit mass melt volume data of the mold repair cladding filler; Based on the mold repair filler volume data and the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data, the mass of the cladding filler used for current mold repair is measured and processed to obtain the current mold repair cladding filler mass data. The process of constructing control data for mold laser cladding welding filler and executing mold laser cladding welding filler operation includes the following steps: The mold repair cladding filler feature information and the current mold repair cladding filler quality data are combined and identified to construct mold laser cladding welding filler control data; The mold laser cladding welding control terminal performs mold laser cladding welding filler operations based on the type information and quality parameters of the cladding powder material corresponding to the mold laser cladding welding filler control data.

2. The multi-dimensional parameter coordinated control method for the laser cladding welding process of molds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of constructing a three-dimensional spatial surface model of the mold repair area based on the point cloud data of the mold repair area includes the following steps: A Gaussian filtering algorithm was used to perform point cloud data denoising on the point cloud data of the mold repair area to obtain denoised point cloud data of the mold repair area. Using 3D reconstruction software, a 3D model of the continuous curved surface of the inner surface of the mold repair pit is constructed based on the point cloud noise reduction data of the mold repair area, and 3D model data of the mold repair filler surface is generated; the 3D model data of the mold repair filler surface represents a 3D model of the continuous curved surface of the inner surface of the mold repair pit with an opening.

3. The multi-dimensional parameter coordinated control method for the laser cladding welding process of molds according to claim 2, characterized in that: Based on the 3D model data of the curved surface of the mold repair area and the machining allowance data of the mold repair, the spatial curved surface 3D model of the filler required for mold repair is constructed, and the 3D model data of the mold repair filler surface includes the following steps: Based on the 3D reconstruction software, according to the mold repair machining allowance data, the 3D model corresponding to the mold repair filler surface 3D model data is subjected to equal-length stretching along the tangent direction of the opening surface at the opening position of the 3D model data, thereby constructing the 3D machining allowance model data of the mold repair filler surface. The three-dimensional model corresponding to the three-dimensional machining allowance model data of the mold repair filler surface is subjected to planar closure processing by three-dimensional reconstruction software to construct the three-dimensional model data of the mold repair filler surface.

4. The multi-dimensional parameter coordinated control method for the laser cladding welding process of molds according to claim 3, characterized in that: Based on the three-dimensional model data of the mold repair filler surface, the volume of the filler space required for mold repair is measured and processed to obtain the mold repair filler volume data, including the following steps: The volume parameters of the closed-space continuous surface three-dimensional model corresponding to the three-dimensional model data of the mold repair filler surface were measured and processed using three-dimensional reconstruction software, and the volume data of the mold repair filler were obtained.

5. The multi-dimensional parameter coordinated control method for the laser cladding welding process of molds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the characteristic information of the cladding filler for mold repair and the data matrix of unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair, the unit mass melt volume parameter analysis of the cladding filler used for mold repair is performed to obtain the current unit mass melt volume data of the cladding filler for mold repair, including the following steps: Establish a data matrix of unit mass melt volume for mold repair of different cladding fillers The include ;in Indicates the first Data on the unit mass melt volume of different cladding fillers for mold repair corresponding to different types of cladding powder materials; The characteristic information of the mold repair cladding filler is combined with the... The above Perform text information matching of cladding powder material type to search for the characteristic information of the mold repair cladding filler corresponding to the text information. The specific steps for generating the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data are as follows: The data is then identified and used to generate the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data. Step 2121, Set the above Let be the current solution. In the Set the initial temperature for starting annealing in the search space. Randomly generate an initial solution Randomly in Search the search space for the corresponding feature information of the mold repair cladding filler. And calculate the initial solution. The corresponding objective function value ; Step 2122, generate the above New interpretation and the above The difference between the current solutions, according to the above For the current solution The disturbance is performed to generate a characteristic information of the cladding filler for mold repair. New interpretation Calculate the objective function value of the current solution. and the objective function value of the new solution Thus, the change in the objective function is obtained; Step 2123, determine the above Whether the new solution is accepted depends on the change in the objective function. <0, then the New interpretation Acceptable; if the change in the objective function ≥0, then the New interpretation They will be accepted with the following probability; the probability formula is: ,in Indicates the current temperature. Represents a random function that takes values ​​in the range (0, 1); Step 2124, when the... When the new solution is accepted, the New interpretation Treated as described Current solution; Step 2125: Repeat steps 2121 to 2124 at the current temperature. Under the condition of repetition The process of perturbation and acceptance is repeated, followed by the next step; Step 2126: Finally, find the global optimal solution: Determine... Has the termination temperature been reached? If so, the algorithm terminates and outputs the value that best matches the feature information of the mold repair cladding filler. If not, proceed to loop step 2125 to continue execution; Step 2127: The output of step 2126 The data is used to generate the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data.

6. The multi-dimensional parameter coordinated control method for the laser cladding welding process of molds according to claim 5, characterized in that: Based on the mold repair filler volume data and the current mold repair cladding filler unit mass melt volume data, the mass measurement and processing of the cladding filler used for current mold repair is performed to obtain the current mold repair cladding filler mass data, including the following steps: The volume data of the mold repair filler is divided by the unit mass melt volume data of the current mold repair cladding filler to obtain the current mold repair cladding filler mass data, which represents the total mass of cladding powder material used in the current mold laser cladding welding.

7. A multi-dimensional parameter collaborative control system for the laser cladding welding process of molds, used to implement the multi-dimensional parameter collaborative control method for the laser cladding welding process of molds as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The system includes a mold laser repair volume detection module, a mold laser repair filler quality calculation module, and a mold laser repair filler control module. The mold laser repair volume detection module is used to collect point cloud data of the mold repair area, mold repair machining allowance data, and mold repair cladding filler characteristic information; Based on the point cloud parameters of the mold repair area, a three-dimensional model of the spatial surface of the mold repair area is constructed and processed to obtain the three-dimensional model data of the mold repair area surface; based on the mold repair machining allowance, a three-dimensional model of the spatial surface of the filler required for mold repair is constructed and processed to obtain the three-dimensional model data of the mold repair filler surface and the volume data of the mold repair filler is measured. The mold laser repair filler quality calculation module analyzes and processes the unit mass melt volume parameter of the cladding filler used in mold repair based on the mold repair cladding filler information, obtains the current unit mass melt volume data of the mold repair cladding filler, and measures and processes the quality of the cladding filler used in the current mold repair to obtain the current mold repair cladding filler quality data. The mold laser repair filler control module is used to construct mold laser cladding welding filler control data and execute mold laser cladding welding filler operation.

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