Mouse osa monitoring device

Abstract

This invention provides a mouse OSA monitoring device, comprising: a sleep monitoring chamber for providing a sleep area for the mouse; a living area cage for providing an activity area for the mouse, the sleep monitoring chamber being embedded within the living area cage; sensors for monitoring OSA-related physiological data of the mouse, the sensors being installed within the sleep monitoring chamber; and a sliding mechanism including a slider and a slide rail, the slider being installed on the upper and lower outer surfaces of the sleep area, and the slide rail being installed on the upper and lower inner surfaces of the living area cage; the sliding mechanism is used to pull the sleep monitoring chamber out of the living area cage or push the sleep monitoring chamber into the living area cage. This invention realizes an adaptive mouse OSA monitoring platform based on a retractable, nested cage and machine vision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of animal experimental equipment technology, and in particular to a mouse OSA monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] In the prior art, the feeding monitoring devices used for monitoring OSA (Obstructive Sleep Apnea) in mice have the following significant drawbacks: (1) They are mostly single, fixed-volume cages, which occupy a large amount of valuable incubator or laboratory space when not in use during the experimental period, making storage and transportation inconvenient; (2) Traditional fixed sleep monitoring chambers are integrated with the living area, making cleaning and disinfection difficult; (3) The sensor positions are fixed and cannot adapt to changes in the mouse's body position when it moves freely, resulting in significant monitoring blind spots; (4) They lack the ability to monitor and adaptively adjust the mouse's sleep position in real time, making it impossible to establish correlation data between OSA events and body position, thus affecting the accuracy and comparability of the monitoring data. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field for a mouse OSA monitoring device that can effectively save space, is easy to maintain, and can achieve fully automatic, high-precision, and blind-spot-free monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a mouse OSA monitoring device to address the shortcomings of existing mouse OSA monitoring devices, such as large space occupation, inconvenient cleaning, numerous monitoring blind spots, and poor adaptability. It realizes an adaptive mouse OSA monitoring platform based on a retractable cage and machine vision. It is an intelligent monitoring device with a retractable cage structure and integrated visual positioning, active tracking, and individualized adaptation functions.

[0004] This invention provides a mouse OSA monitoring device, comprising:

[0005] A sleep monitoring chamber, used to provide a sleep area for mice;

[0006] The living area cage is used to provide an activity area for mice, and the sleep monitoring chamber is embedded in the living area cage;

[0007] A sensor for monitoring OSA-related physiological data of the mouse is installed inside the sleep monitoring chamber;

[0008] A sliding mechanism, comprising a slider and a slide rail, wherein the slider is mounted on the upper outer surface and the lower outer surface of the sleeping area, and the slide rail is mounted on the upper inner surface and the lower inner surface of the living area cage.

[0009] The slide rail on the upper inner surface of the living area cage contacts the slider on the upper outer surface of the sleep monitoring cabin, and the slide rail on the lower inner surface of the living area cage contacts the slider on the lower outer surface of the sleep monitoring cabin.

[0010] The sliding mechanism is used to pull the sleep monitoring cabin out of the living area cage or push the sleep monitoring cabin into the living area cage by controlling the slider to slide on the contacting slide rail.

[0011] According to the present invention, a mouse OSA monitoring device includes a sensor comprising:

[0012] Infrared thermopile array for monitoring respiratory thermal signals in mice;

[0013] A microphone is used to monitor the respiratory sound signals of mice;

[0014] The radar vital signs monitoring module is used to sense the chest wall movement of mice through radar waves and determine whether a respiratory effort signal is present.

[0015] Near-infrared blood oxygen monitoring module is used to monitor blood oxygen saturation in mice.

[0016] The mouse OSA monitoring device provided by the present invention further includes an intelligent fusion decision system for:

[0017] When the respiratory thermal signal or respiratory sound signal disappears, the respiratory effort signal is present, and the blood oxygen saturation decreases, an OSA event is determined in the mouse.

[0018] According to the present invention, a mouse OSA monitoring device is provided with a side door with a latch on the side of the cage in the living area away from the sleep monitoring chamber.

[0019] A grooved handle is provided on the side of the sleep monitoring chamber away from the living area cage for pulling the sleep monitoring chamber out of the living area cage; an opening is provided on the side closer to the living area cage for the mouse to pass through.

[0020] According to the present invention, a mouse OSA monitoring device is provided, wherein a locking mechanism is provided on the lower outer surface of the sleep monitoring chamber, and the locking mechanism is a mechanical elastic pressure plate;

[0021] When the sleep monitoring chamber is pulled out of the living area cage to a preset position, the mechanical elastic pressure plate engages with the groove on the lower inner surface of the living area cage.

[0022] According to the present invention, a mouse OSA monitoring device is provided, wherein the inner wall of the sleep monitoring chamber is provided with ventilation holes and a flexible heating film is attached thereto.

[0023] A mouse OSA monitoring device according to the present invention further includes:

[0024] A machine vision positioning system is used to track the head position and posture of the mouse in real time. The machine vision positioning system is installed at the top of the interior of the sleep monitoring chamber.

[0025] An adaptive 3D adjustment system is provided, wherein the input end of the adaptive 3D adjustment system is connected to the output end of the machine vision positioning system, and the adaptive 3D adjustment system is used to automatically adjust the position of the sensor according to the head position and posture of the mouse.

[0026] According to the present invention, a mouse OSA monitoring device is provided, wherein the adaptive three-dimensional adjustment system is a four-degree-of-freedom robotic arm installed at the top of the inside of the sleep monitoring chamber;

[0027] The four-degree-of-freedom robotic arm includes a base providing horizontal rotational motion, a main arm providing pitch motion, a telescopic arm providing linear telescopic motion, and an end effector for adjusting the attitude of a sensor platform, wherein the sensor is integrated on the sensor platform.

[0028] According to the mouse OSA monitoring device provided by the present invention, it further includes a state sensing module, which is used to determine whether the mouse is in a sleeping state or an awake state.

[0029] When the mouse is awake, the four-degree-of-freedom robotic arm retracts to a preset safe holding position;

[0030] When the mouse is asleep, the four-degree-of-freedom robotic arm automatically adjusts the position of the sensors according to the mouse's head position and posture.

[0031] The advantages and positive effects of the mouse OSA monitoring device provided by this invention are as follows:

[0032] 1. Revolutionary improvement in space utilization: Through a unique nested frame structure, the device's volume is minimized during periods of inactivity, saving more than 60% of storage space and greatly alleviating the space pressure in the laboratory.

[0033] 2. Fully automated and precise monitoring and intelligent obstacle avoidance: The four-degree-of-freedom robotic arm guided by machine vision enables fully automated, blind-spot-free dynamic tracking and positioning of the mouse's nasal area by sensors; the innovative state perception and safe dwell design can automatically retract the robotic arm when the mouse wakes up, completely eliminating potential harm to the animal and reflecting advanced animal experiment ethics.

[0034] 3. Multi-dimensional data fusion: The near-infrared blood oxygen monitoring module, combined with multi-modal sensors, provides a more complete assessment system for the physiological impact of OSA.

[0035] 4. Intelligent closed-loop control: Through a vision-motion-sensing closed-loop control architecture, the monitoring process is fully automated, which greatly improves experimental efficiency and reliability.

[0036] 5. Postural correlation analysis: For the first time, a precise correlation between body position and OSA events was achieved in mouse OSA monitoring, providing a new technical means for the study of OSA mechanisms. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mouse OSA monitoring device in the contraction state provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mouse OSA monitoring device provided by the present invention in its deployed state;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sleep monitoring chamber structure in the mouse OSA monitoring device provided by the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the robotic arm and sensor platform structure in the mouse OSA monitoring device provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of the machine vision guidance principle in the mouse OSA monitoring device provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of simultaneous monitoring of multimodal signals and blood oxygen saturation in the mouse OSA monitoring device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0045] The following is combined Figure 1 and Figure 2 A mouse OSA monitoring device according to the present invention includes:

[0046] Sleep monitoring chamber 4, used to provide a sleep area for mice;

[0047] The living area cage 1 is used to provide an activity area for mice, and the sleep monitoring chamber 4 is embedded in the living area cage 1;

[0048] Sensors are used to monitor the physiological data of the mice related to OSA, and the sensors are installed in the sleep monitoring chamber 4;

[0049] The sliding mechanism includes a slider 5 and a slide rail 3. The slider 5 is installed on the upper outer surface and the lower outer surface of the sleep monitoring cabin 4, and the slide rail 3 is installed on the upper inner surface and the lower inner surface of the living area cage 1.

[0050] The slide rail 3 on the upper inner surface of the living area cage 1 contacts the slider 5 on the upper outer surface of the sleep monitoring chamber 4, and the slide rail 3 on the lower inner surface of the living area cage 1 contacts the slider 5 on the lower outer surface of the sleep monitoring chamber 4.

[0051] The sliding mechanism is used to pull the sleep monitoring cabin 4 out of the living area cage 1 or push the sleep monitoring cabin 4 into the living area cage 1 by controlling the slider 5 to slide on the contacting slide rail 3.

[0052] The core of the mouse OSA monitoring device in this embodiment is the use of a nested retractable cage structure, which consists of a living area cage 1 as the outer frame and a sleep monitoring chamber 4 as the inner frame, nested together by a sliding mechanism.

[0053] The sleep monitoring chamber 4 can be made of a one-piece molded dark or opaque shell (such as black ABS engineering plastic) to effectively block light and simulate the dark environment of a cave. Its internal space can be precisely designed to provide a moderate sense of restraint while meeting the basic needs of the mouse to turn around, simulating the narrow nest in its natural habitat, thereby effectively inducing and maintaining its natural sleep state. The living area cage 1 can be made of mesh material to form the shell.

[0054] The living area cage 1 serves as a fixed outer shell, with a side-opening door 2 equipped with a latch on one side. The sleep monitoring chamber 4 serves as the inner liner, and is connected to the sliding rails 3 on the living area cage 1 via sliders 5 installed on its top and bottom.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, when the mouse OSA monitoring device retracts, the sleep monitoring chamber 4 is almost completely embedded inside the living area cage 1, forming a compact whole. Figure 2 As shown, when the mouse OSA monitoring device is deployed, grasp the hidden grooved handle 6 and pull the sleep monitoring chamber 4 outward until the locking mechanism 9 engages, thus fixing it in the working position. At this time, the living area and the sleeping area together form a complete activity space for the mouse.

[0056] In this embodiment, the sleep monitoring chamber is embedded in the cage of the living area, and a sliding mechanism is used to realize the contraction and expansion of the mouse OSA monitoring device. This frame structure realizes efficient use of space and is easy to store and clean.

[0057] Based on the above embodiments, the sensor in this embodiment includes:

[0058] Infrared thermopile array for monitoring respiratory thermal signals in mice;

[0059] A microphone is used to monitor the respiratory sound signals of mice;

[0060] The radar vital signs monitoring module is used to sense the chest wall movement of mice through radar waves and determine whether a respiratory effort signal is present.

[0061] Near-infrared blood oxygen monitoring module is used to monitor blood oxygen saturation in mice.

[0062] To achieve fully automated and high-precision OSA monitoring, this platform integrates multiple monitoring components with different functions, which work together to form an intelligent closed-loop system.

[0063] The multimodal sensor array, acting as the platform's "core stethoscope," is responsible for acquiring direct respiratory physiological signals, including:

[0064] Infrared thermopile arrays are used for non-contact monitoring of respiratory airflow. By detecting minute temperature differences between the exhaled airflow in the mouse's nasal and oral regions and the environment, they generate respiratory thermal signals, which are crucial for determining whether respiratory airflow is interrupted.

[0065] Miniature microphones are used to monitor breathing sounds. They capture the sound signals produced during breathing, and the signal strength is related to the airflow speed. This can be used as an auxiliary verification of breathing airflow. When breathing stops, the breathing sounds disappear synchronously.

[0066] The miniature radar vital signs monitoring module is used for non-contact, simultaneous monitoring of respiratory effort and heart rate. It senses subtle movements of the chest wall via radar waves, thus reflecting the presence or absence of respiratory effort. In obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the presence or even enhancement of respiratory effort signals is a key indicator for distinguishing between obstructive and central sleep apnea. Simultaneously, the heart rate variability data it provides can serve as an auxiliary indicator for assessing the cardiovascular impact of OSA.

[0067] The near-infrared oximetry module, serving as the platform's "physiological effect assessor," monitors oxygen saturation (SpO2). The direct physiological consequence of OSA events is intermittent hypoxemia. This module provides quantitative indicators of OSA event severity (such as the depth and frequency of oxygen saturation decline) by irradiating and analyzing the oxygen levels in subcutaneous capillaries, making it an indispensable part of assessing the pathophysiological impact of OSA.

[0068] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment also includes an intelligent fusion decision-making system, used for:

[0069] When the respiratory thermal signal or respiratory sound signal disappears, the respiratory effort signal is present, and the blood oxygen saturation decreases, an OSA event is determined in the mouse.

[0070] The intelligent fusion decision system achieves automatic optimization of monitoring parameters and intelligent determination of OSA events based on the fusion of multi-source information.

[0071] The intelligent fusion decision-making system, acting as the "brain" of the platform, receives and integrates multi-source information from all sensors. It intelligently determines OSA events based on the logic of the disappearance of respiratory airflow / sound signals, the presence of respiratory effort signals, and a decrease in blood oxygen saturation.

[0072] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, a side door 2 with a latch is provided on the side of the living area cage 1 away from the sleep monitoring chamber 4;

[0073] A grooved handle 6 is provided on the side of the sleep monitoring chamber 4 away from the living area cage 1 for pulling the sleep monitoring chamber out of the living area cage; an opening is provided on the side closer to the living area cage for mice to pass through.

[0074] On the inner wall of the panel at the right end of the sleep monitoring chamber 4, there is a hidden recessed handle 6. This design avoids interference and space waste caused by protruding handles when the cage is retracted and stored, and also provides the operator with a clear point of force to facilitate the smooth pulling out of the sleep monitoring chamber.

[0075] Two anti-slip feet 8 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom right corner of the sleep monitoring chamber 4. At the left entrance of the sleep monitoring chamber 4, an integrally formed opening-type door frame 11 is provided to effectively induce mice to enter.

[0076] Based on the above embodiments, a locking mechanism 9 is provided on the lower outer surface of the sleep monitoring chamber 4 in this embodiment. The locking mechanism 9 is a mechanical elastic pressure plate 10.

[0077] When the sleep monitoring chamber 4 is pulled out from the living area cage 1 to a preset position, the mechanical elastic pressure plate 10 engages with the groove on the lower inner surface of the living area cage 1.

[0078] The locking mechanism 9 is located below the bottom plate of the sleep monitoring chamber 4 and is a mechanical elastic pressure plate. When the sleep monitoring chamber 4 is pulled out to the working position, the mechanical elastic pressure plate 10 engages with the slot preset on the bottom plate of the living area cage 1, making a "click" sound, and firmly fixes it to prevent it from accidentally retracting due to the movement of the mouse during the monitoring process.

[0079] Based on the above embodiments, the sleep monitoring chamber 4 in this embodiment has ventilation holes 7 on its inner wall and a flexible heating film 12 is attached thereto.

[0080] Ventilation holes 7 can be opened on the front wall of the sleep monitoring chamber 4, and a flexible heating film 12 can be attached to the rear inner wall to maintain a suitable temperature inside the chamber. The temperature inside the chamber can be stably maintained in the thermoneutral range of 28-30℃ for mice, reducing environmental stress and laying the foundation for obtaining high-quality physiological data.

[0081] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment also includes:

[0082] A machine vision positioning system is used to track the head position and posture of the mouse in real time. The machine vision positioning system is installed at the top of the interior of the sleep monitoring chamber.

[0083] An adaptive 3D adjustment system is provided, wherein the input end of the adaptive 3D adjustment system is connected to the output end of the machine vision positioning system, and the adaptive 3D adjustment system is used to automatically adjust the position of the sensor according to the head position and posture of the mouse.

[0084] In existing technologies, the sensor position is fixed and cannot adapt to changes in the mouse's body position when it moves freely, resulting in significant monitoring blind spots.

[0085] The machine vision positioning system, acting as the "eyes" of the entire platform, has the core function of capturing and identifying the mouse's head position and posture in real time and without contact. Through deep learning algorithms, it outputs precise three-dimensional head coordinates (x, y, z), providing target guidance for the accurate positioning of all subsequent sensors and is a key technology for eliminating monitoring blind spots.

[0086] The machine vision positioning system, located at the top of the sleep monitoring chamber 4, includes an 850nm infrared camera and an infrared illumination module for real-time tracking of the mouse's head position and posture. It identifies the mouse's head from images captured by a target recognition algorithm, then determines the head's position, including its height, based on coordinate transformation. The mouse's posture, including facial orientation, can be determined using a trained neural network (such as a CNN).

[0087] The adaptive 3D adjustment system, acting as the platform's "execution arm," automatically adjusts the sensor position based on visual positioning data, enabling the sensor platform to quickly and accurately locate and dynamically track the mouse's nasal region at any position within the cabin. This maintains the distance between the sensor and the nasal region within the optimal detection range. Together, these systems ensure the continuous optimization of the monitoring point location.

[0088] This embodiment uses a machine vision system to track the mouse's head position in real time, guiding a four-degree-of-freedom robotic arm to automatically optimize the monitoring position. It integrates a multimodal sensor array and a near-infrared blood oxygen monitoring module, and features state perception and safety avoidance capabilities, achieving fully automated, high-precision, and high-safety OSA monitoring in mice. This solves the technical challenges of blind spots, poor adaptability, and animal safety associated with traditional devices, providing an advanced technical means for sleep apnea research.

[0089] Based on the above embodiments, the adaptive three-dimensional adjustment system in this embodiment is a four-degree-of-freedom robotic arm installed at the top of the inside of the sleep monitoring cabin 4;

[0090] The four-degree-of-freedom robotic arm includes a base 14 that provides horizontal rotational motion, a main arm 15 that provides pitch motion, a telescopic arm 16 that provides linear telescopic motion, and an end effector for adjusting the attitude of a sensor platform 17, wherein the sensor is integrated on the sensor platform.

[0091] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the adaptive three-dimensional adjustment system adopts a four-degree-of-freedom robotic arm structure, receives instructions from the vision system, and adjusts the sensor position through rotation, pitch, extension, and end-effector posture.

[0092] The internal integration of the sleep monitoring cabin 4 is as follows: an 850nm infrared camera and an infrared LED array 13 are integrated at the top center of the cabin, forming a machine vision positioning system.

[0093] The sleep monitoring chamber 4 has a robotic arm base fixed at the top center. The robotic arm consists of a base 14, a main arm 15, a telescopic arm 16, and a sensor platform 17 at the end, realizing four degrees of freedom of movement: rotation, pitch, extension, and end-effector attitude adjustment.

[0094] The multimodal sensor array is integrated into the end-effector sensor platform of the robotic arm, including an infrared thermopile array, a miniature microphone, and a miniature radar vital signs monitoring module;

[0095] The near-infrared blood oxygen monitoring module is integrated into the end effector sensor platform of the robotic arm. It uses a dual-wavelength LED light source and a photodetector to monitor changes in blood oxygen saturation.

[0096] The sensor platform 17 integrates an infrared thermopile array 18, a miniature microphone 19, a miniature radar vital signs monitoring module 20, and a near-infrared blood oxygen monitoring module 21.

[0097] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further includes a state perception module, which is used to determine whether the mouse is in a sleeping or awake state.

[0098] When the mouse is awake, the four-degree-of-freedom robotic arm retracts to a preset safe holding position;

[0099] When the mouse is asleep, the four-degree-of-freedom robotic arm automatically adjusts the position of the sensors according to the mouse's head position and posture.

[0100] The intelligent fusion decision-making system includes a state perception module, which is used to determine whether the mouse is in a sleep or awake state based on its behavior and physiological signals, and accordingly control the robotic arm to switch between the monitoring position and the safe dwell position to ensure the animal's safety. It also records the synchronous body position information when an OSA event occurs, providing a data foundation for in-depth research on the correlation between body position and OSA.

[0101] The state perception module runs a state perception algorithm that integrates the mouse's body posture, activity level, and respiratory rhythm characteristics to determine the mouse's sleep / wake state in real time. When the mouse is determined to be asleep, the system controls the robotic arm to move the sensor platform 17 to the optimal monitoring position directly above the nose area; when the mouse is determined to be awake, the safety protocol is immediately triggered, and the robotic arm is controlled to quickly retract to the safe dwell position on the top of the chamber.

[0102] Methods for monitoring OSA in mice using the above-mentioned device include:

[0103] Step 1: Pull the sleep monitoring chamber out of the living area cage and secure it to create a complete activity space for the mouse;

[0104] Step two: Track the position and height of the mouse's head in real time using a machine vision system;

[0105] Step 3: Determine the mouse's sleep or wakefulness state using the state perception module;

[0106] Step 4: When the mouse is asleep, control the robotic arm to move to the optimal monitoring position; when the mouse wakes up, control the robotic arm to retract to the safe holding position.

[0107] Step 5: Synchronously acquire respiratory thermal signals, respiratory sound signals, and respiratory effort signals using a multimodal sensor array;

[0108] Step 6: Monitor changes in blood oxygen saturation using a near-infrared oxygenation module;

[0109] Step 7: Use a multimodal fusion algorithm to comprehensively analyze physiological signals. When the respiratory airflow signal disappears but the respiratory effort signal exists, accompanied by a decrease in blood oxygen saturation, it is determined to be an OSA event.

[0110] Step 8: Record the body position information when the OSA event occurs and establish a database linking body position and OSA.

[0111] like Figure 5As shown, after the system starts, it enters the automatic monitoring mode: the vision system locates the mouse's head → the state perception system determines the sleep / wake state → if it is in a sleep state, the control system calculates the optimal monitoring position of the robotic arm → the robotic arm moves to the target position → the multimodal sensor begins data acquisition (infrared thermopile monitors respiratory airflow, microphone monitors respiratory sounds, radar module monitors respiratory effort and heart rate) → the blood oxygen module monitors synchronously → data fusion analysis → when OSA event characteristics appear, the system automatically records and associates the body position information; if it is in a wake state, the robotic arm retracts to a safe position.

[0112] like Figure 6 As shown, an OSA monitoring experiment was conducted using the platform of this invention. In the multimodal signal curves, during an OSA event, the amplitude of the respiratory thermal signal (blue curve) significantly decreased, the energy of the respiratory sound signal (orange curve) decreased, while the respiratory effort signal (yellow curve) measured by the radar module still existed or even increased. Simultaneously, blood oxygen saturation (purple curve) decreased significantly from the baseline of 98%, and heart rate (green curve, superimposed on the respiratory effort signal, which can be separated by an algorithm) may fluctuate. This phenomenon of coordinated changes in multiple signals—"disappearance / weakening of respiratory airflow but presence of respiratory effort accompanied by a decrease in blood oxygen"—provides sufficient physiological evidence for OSA event determination.

[0113] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mouse OSA monitoring device, characterized by, include: A sleep monitoring chamber, used to provide a sleep area for mice; The living area cage is used to provide an activity area for mice, and the sleep monitoring chamber is embedded in the living area cage; A sensor for monitoring OSA-related physiological data of the mouse is installed inside the sleep monitoring chamber; A sliding mechanism, comprising a slider and a slide rail, wherein the slider is mounted on the upper outer surface and the lower outer surface of the sleeping area, and the slide rail is mounted on the upper inner surface and the lower inner surface of the living area cage. The slide rail on the upper inner surface of the living area cage contacts the slider on the upper outer surface of the sleep monitoring cabin, and the slide rail on the lower inner surface of the living area cage contacts the slider on the lower outer surface of the sleep monitoring cabin. The sliding mechanism is used to pull the sleep monitoring cabin out of the living area cage or push the sleep monitoring cabin into the living area cage by controlling the slider to slide on the contacting slide rail. The sensor includes: Infrared thermopile array for monitoring respiratory thermal signals in mice; A microphone is used to monitor the respiratory sound signals of mice; The radar vital signs monitoring module is used to sense the chest wall movement of mice through radar waves and determine whether a respiratory effort signal is present. Near-infrared blood oxygen monitoring module, used to monitor blood oxygen saturation in mice; It also includes an intelligent fusion decision-making system for: When the respiratory thermal signal or respiratory sound signal disappears, the respiratory effort signal is present, and the blood oxygen saturation decreases, an OSA event is determined in the mouse. Also includes: A machine vision positioning system is used to track the head position and posture of the mouse in real time. The machine vision positioning system is installed at the top of the interior of the sleep monitoring chamber. An adaptive 3D adjustment system is provided, wherein the input end of the adaptive 3D adjustment system is connected to the output end of the machine vision positioning system, and the adaptive 3D adjustment system is used to automatically adjust the position of the sensor according to the head position and posture of the mouse.

2. The mouse OSA monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein A side door with a latch is provided on the side of the living area cage away from the sleep monitoring chamber; A grooved handle is provided on the side of the sleep monitoring chamber away from the living area cage for pulling the sleep monitoring chamber out of the living area cage; an opening is provided on the side closer to the living area cage for the mouse to pass through.

3. The mouse OSA monitoring apparatus of claim 1, wherein A locking mechanism is provided on the lower outer surface of the sleep monitoring chamber. The locking mechanism is a mechanical elastic pressure plate. When the sleep monitoring chamber is pulled out of the living area cage to a preset position, the mechanical elastic pressure plate engages with the groove on the lower inner surface of the living area cage.

4. The mouse OSA monitoring apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The sleep monitoring chamber has ventilation holes on its inner wall and is fitted with a flexible heating film.

5. The mouse OSA monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive three-dimensional adjustment system is a four-degree-of-freedom robotic arm installed at the top of the interior of the sleep monitoring cabin; The four-degree-of-freedom robotic arm includes a base providing horizontal rotational motion, a main arm providing pitch motion, a telescopic arm providing linear telescopic motion, and an end effector for adjusting the attitude of a sensor platform, wherein the sensor is integrated on the sensor platform.

6. The mouse OSA monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a state perception module, which is used to determine whether the mouse is in a sleeping or awake state. When the mouse is awake, the four-degree-of-freedom robotic arm retracts to a preset safe holding position; When the mouse is asleep, the four-degree-of-freedom robotic arm automatically adjusts the position of the sensors according to the mouse's head position and posture.

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