Layered oil extraction equipment for oil well

Abstract

The oil well layering oil extraction equipment comprises a sleeve, an oil pipe, a pump truck, an upper packer, a lower packer and a layering control device, wherein the pump truck, the upper packer, the lower packer and the layering control device are located on the ground. The oil well layered oil production equipment has a lower layer production state, a two-layer commingled production state and an upper layer production state, in the lower layer production state, an inner oil inlet of a first center pipe is not communicated with an outer oil inlet of an outer working barrel, a steel ball moves freely, and a positioning pin is located on a first track; in a two-layer commingling production state, the inner oil inlet is communicated with the outer oil inlet, the steel ball is in a free state, and the positioning pin is located on the second track; when an upper layer position is produced, the inner oil inlet is communicated with the outer oil inlet, the steel ball and the bottom end of the first center pipe are sealed, and the positioning pin is located on a third rail. The oil well layering oil extraction equipment can meet the field production requirement, and is simple in structure and convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oilfield development technology, and more specifically to oil well stratified oil production equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Layered oil recovery technology is a critical issue that urgently needs to be addressed in oilfield production. There are no mature technologies available for selection or put into production, both domestically and internationally, making it a technological gap. If layered oil recovery technology becomes feasible, it will effectively increase the number of working wellheads, thus relatively reducing the number of development wells.

[0003] While mature stratification technologies exist both domestically and internationally, they are designed for large casings (outer diameter greater than 241.3 mm). These technologies cannot be applied to wells with casing sizes less than 177.8 mm. This is primarily because in wells with casing diameters greater than 241.3 mm, double tubing or double-layer tubing can be used to achieve stratified oil production. The packer can be hydraulically set, relying on a hydraulic piston to pressurize and open the packer's sealing rubber. While hydraulic packers with pistons and other components have larger outer diameters, making them suitable for large casings, they cannot be implemented in wells with diameters less than 177.8 mm, mainly due to the limitations imposed by the well casing size. Therefore, the technology cannot be directly copied. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an oil well stratified oil production equipment, which can not only realize stratified oil production, but also meet the needs of on-site production, has a simple structure and is relatively easy to use.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A layered oil well production equipment includes casing, tubing, and a pump truck located on the surface. An annulus exists between the casing and the tubing. The equipment also includes an upper packer, a lower packer, and a layered control device located between the upper and lower packers. The tubing includes an upper tubing and a lower tubing. The upper packer is connected to the upper tubing, and the lower packer is connected to the lower tubing. The upper packer has a circulation hole, one end of which is connected to the annulus, and the other end is connected to the first central pipe of the layered control device.

[0007] The layered control device includes an outer working cylinder, a reversing ball, a steel ball, a positioning sleeve, a positioning pin, and an elastic component located below the positioning pin. One end of the positioning pin is fixedly connected to the outer working cylinder, and the other end is located in the positioning sleeve. The first central tube is located between the reversing ball and the steel ball, and the first central tube drives the positioning sleeve to move. The oil well layered production equipment has a lower production layer state, a two-layer combined production state, and an upper production layer state. In the lower production layer state, the inner oil inlet of the first central tube and the outer oil inlet of the outer working cylinder are not connected, the steel ball moves freely, and the positioning pin is located in the first track of the positioning sleeve. In the two-layer combined production state, the inner oil inlet and the outer oil inlet are connected, the steel ball is in a free state, and the positioning pin is located in the second track of the positioning sleeve. In the upper production layer state, the inner oil inlet and the outer oil inlet are connected, the steel ball and the bottom end of the first central tube are sealed, and the positioning pin is located in the third track of the positioning sleeve.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the layered control device further includes a retaining ring assembly, wherein the elastic component and the retaining ring assembly are located below the positioning slide sleeve; the elastic component includes a first elastic element, a second elastic element, a third elastic element, and a fourth elastic element, and the retaining ring assembly includes a first retaining ring, a second retaining ring, a third retaining ring, and a fourth retaining ring; the first elastic element is located between the positioning slide sleeve and the first retaining ring; the second elastic element is located between the first retaining ring and the second retaining ring; the third elastic element is located between the second retaining ring and the third retaining ring; and the fourth elastic element is located between the steel ball and the fourth retaining ring.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the first elastic element, the second elastic element, the third elastic element, and the fourth elastic element are respectively a first spring, a second spring, a third spring, and a fourth spring, with the mean diameter of the first spring, the second spring, the third spring, and the fourth spring gradually increasing; when the production lower layer state is converted to the two-layer combined mining state, the first spring is compressed; when the two-layer combined mining state is converted to the production upper layer state, the first spring and the second spring are compressed.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, when the upper production layer state is converted to the lower production layer state, the first spring, the second spring, the third spring, and the fourth spring are in a compressed state.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a locking ball is provided between the first central tube and the positioning sleeve.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the lower packer comprises a first external connector and a first internal connector. The first internal connector includes a first upper connector, a first reversing track tube, a first drag-reducing short circuit, a second central tube, a first pressure-transmitting retaining ring, a slipper climbing ring, a climbing ring limiting pin, a climbing ring spring, a spring protective cover, a spring retaining ring, and a first lower connector. The first external connector includes a first dust cover, a first reversing pin, a first reversing sliding sleeve, a first drag-reducing short circuit sealing sleeve, a first sealing glue barrel cap, a first sealing glue barrel, a first sealing support tube, a first sealing retaining ring, a straightening cylinder, a first pressure-transmitting crescent ring, a first crescent ring support ring, a straightening friction block, a straightening friction block spring, and slippers. The first internal connector is movable relative to the first external connector.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the lower packer has a pre-setting state and a post-setting state. In the pre-setting state, the first reversing pin is located on the first short track of the first reversing track tube, and in the post-setting state, the first reversing pin is located on the first long track of the first reversing track tube.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the upper packer is composed of a second external connector and a second internal connector. The second internal connector includes a second upper joint, a second reversing track tube, a second drag-reducing short circuit, a third central tube, and a second pressure-transmitting retaining ring. The second external connector includes a second dust cover, a second reversing pin, a second reversing sliding sleeve, a setting pin, a second drag-reducing short circuit sealing sleeve, a second sealing glue barrel cap, a second sealing support tube, a second sealing glue barrel, a second sealing retaining ring, a second pressure-transmitting crescent ring, a second crescent ring support ring, a pressure-transmitting connecting sleeve, and a second lower connector. The second internal connector is movable relative to the second external connector.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the upper packer has a pre-setting state and a post-setting state. In the pre-setting state, the second reversing pin is located on the second short track of the second reversing track tube. In the post-setting state, the second reversing pin is located on the second long track of the second reversing track tube. When the pre-setting state is converted to the post-setting state, the setting pin is disengaged.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the layered control device has a third upper connector and a third lower connector, the third upper connector being threadedly connected to the second lower connector of the upper packer, the third lower connector being threadedly connected to the first upper connector of the lower packer, the first upper connector being connected to the upper oil pipe, and the second lower connector being connected to the lower oil pipe.

[0017] The present invention adopts the above solution, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0018] The oil well stratified oil production equipment of the present invention first lowers the upper packer, stratification control device, and lower packer, which are connected in series, into the oil well. Then, the upper and lower packers are used to seal the annulus of the casing and tubing. At this time, the positioning pin is in the first track, and the equipment produces the lower oil layer. When it is necessary to change layers, liquid is directly pumped into the annulus of the casing and tubing using a pump truck. The liquid enters the stratification control device through the circulation hole. The reversing ball and the first central tube move downward against the elastic force of the elastic component. The pump truck stops working, and the elastic component drives the positioning sleeve to move. The positioning pin is moved to the second or third track, realizing the change of layer production. In this embodiment, liquids of different pressures are injected into the stratification control device through the circulation hole to switch different production states. It is suitable for casings with smaller diameters. It can not only realize stratified oil production, but also meet the needs of on-site production. It has a simple structure and is easy to use. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an oil well stratified oil production equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the upper packer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the first reversing pin;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lower packer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the second reversing pin;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a layered control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the positioning pin is located on the first track.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a layered control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the positioning pin is located on the second track.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a layered control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the positioning pin is located on the third track.

[0028] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the positioning pin according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the production of the lower layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a two-layer combined mining state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the production of the upper layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] in,

[0033] 1. Casing; 2. Annulus; 3. Oil pump;

[0034] 4. Lower packer; 41. First internal connector; 411. First upper connector; 412. First reversing rail tube; 413. First drag-reducing short circuit; 414. Second center tube; 415. First pressure-transmitting retaining ring; 416. Climbing ring with locking teeth; 417. Climbing ring limiting pin; 418. Climbing ring spring; 419. Spring protective cover; 420. Spring retaining ring; 4200. First lower connector; 42. First external connector; 421. First dust cover; 422. 423. First reversing pin; 424. First reversing sleeve; 425. First drag-reducing short-circuit sealing sleeve; 426. First sealing glue barrel pressure cap; 427. First sealing glue barrel; 428. First sealing support tube; 429. First sealing retaining ring; 430. Straightening cylinder body; 431. First pressure transmitting crescent ring; 432. First crescent ring support ring; 433. Straightening friction block; 434. Straightening friction block spring; 435. Vault tooth; 46. First short rail; 47. First long rail;

[0035] 5. Upper packer; 51. Circulation hole; 52. Second external connector; 521. Second dust cover; 522. Second reversing pin; 523. Second reversing sleeve; 524. Setting pin; 525. Second drag-reducing short-circuit sealing sleeve; 526. Second sealing glue barrel cap; 527. Second sealing support tube; 528. Second sealing glue barrel; 529. Second sealing retaining ring; 5291. Second pressure transmitting crescent ring; 5292. Second crescent ring support ring; 5293. Pressure transmitting connecting sleeve; 5294. Second lower connector; 53. Second internal connector; 531. Second upper connector; 532. Second reversing rail tube; 533. Second drag-reducing short-circuit; 534. Third center tube; 535. Second pressure transmitting retaining ring; 54. Second short rail; 55. Second long rail;

[0036] 6. Layered control device; 61. First central pipe; 611. Inner oil inlet; 62. Outer working cylinder; 621. Outer oil inlet; 63. Reversing ball; 64. Positioning pin; 641. First track; 642. Second track; 643. Third track; 65. Steel ball; 66. Positioning sleeve; 671. First spring; 672. Second spring; 673. Third spring; 674. Fourth spring; 681. First retaining ring; 682. Second retaining ring; 683. Third retaining ring; 684. Fourth retaining ring; 69. Third upper connector; 691. Third lower connector; 692. Locking ball; 7. Oil pipe torque anchor. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is for the purpose of aiding understanding the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 12 As shown, this embodiment provides an oil well stratified oil production equipment, including casing 1, tubing (not shown in the figure), pump truck located on the ground, oil pump 3, upper packer 5, lower packer 4, stratification control device 6 located between upper packer 5 and lower packer 4, and torque anchor 7. When the above components are in operation, they are connected in series and lowered into the oil well to produce oil corresponding to different oil layers.

[0039] Furthermore, an annulus 2 exists between the casing 1 and the tubing. An upper packer 5 and a lower packer 4 are used to seal the annulus 2 to isolate different formations. Even further, the tubing includes an upper tubing and a lower tubing. The upper packer 5 is connected to the upper tubing, and the lower packer 4 is connected to the lower tubing. Specifically, the lower packer 4 has a first upper connector 411 and a first lower connector 4200, the upper packer 5 has a second upper connector 531 and a second lower connector 5294, the layer control device 6 has a third upper connector 69 and a third lower connector 691, the second upper connector 531 of the upper packer 5 is threaded to the upper tubing, the second lower connector 5294 of the upper packer 5 is threaded to the third upper connector 69, the first upper connector 411 and the third lower connector 691 of the lower packer 4 are threaded to each other, and the second lower connector 5294 of the lower packer 4 is threaded to the lower tubing. The sequence of running the packer down the well is: lower packer, layer reversing device, and upper packer. The three components cannot be interchanged. Before entering the well, they are threadedly connected to other commonly used production components (such as oil pumps, tubing anchors, gas anchors, etc.) and run into the well.

[0040] Reference Figure 4As shown, the lower packer 4 is composed of a first internal connector 41 and a first external connector 42. The first internal connector 41 and the first external connector 42 are two relatively independent bodies. The first internal connector 41 includes a first upper connector 411 arranged vertically, a first reversing track tube 412, a first drag-reducing short circuit 413, a second central tube 414, a first pressure-transmitting retaining ring 415, a toothed climbing ring 416, a climbing ring limiting pin 417, a climbing ring spring 418, a spring protective cover 419, and a spring retaining ring 420. The first reversing track tube 412 is connected to the first upper connector 411. The climbing ring limiting pin 417 is located on the second central tube 414. The first drag-reducing short circuit 413 is located between the second central tube 414 and the first reversing track tube 412. The toothed climbing ring 416 is connected to the first reversing track tube 412 through the second central tube 414. The ring spring 418 is located between the slipper climbing ring 416 and the spring retaining ring 420, and the spring protective cover 419 covers the climbing ring spring 418. The first external connecting body 42 includes a first dust cover 421 arranged vertically, a first reversing pin 422, a first reversing slide sleeve 423, a first drag-reducing short-circuit sealing sleeve 424, a first sealing glue barrel cap 425, a first sealing glue barrel 426, a first sealing support tube 427, a first sealing retaining ring 428, a straightening cylinder 429, a first pressure transmitting crescent ring 430, a first crescent ring support ring 431, a straightening friction block 432, a straightening friction block spring 433, and a slipper 434. One end of the first reversing pin 422 is fixed on the first reversing slide sleeve 423, and the other end is located in the first reversing track tube 412. The first pressure transmitting retaining ring 415 is located between the first crescent ring support ring 431 and the straightening cylinder 429.

[0041] The components of the first internal connector 41 are threaded together, and the components of the second external connector 42 are threaded together. The first internal connector 41 and the first external connector 42 can move or rotate relative to each other axially. The movement or rotation is mainly controlled by the position of the first reversing pin 422 and the friction of the straightening friction block 432. Without external force, under the control of the friction of the straightening friction block 432, the entire first external connector 42 can stay at any position on the oil well casing.

[0042] The oil well stratified oil production equipment also includes a surface lifting device, which is used to pull the tubing to drive the first internal connecting body 41 to rotate or move upward. (See reference...) Figure 5As shown, the lower packer 4 has a pre-setting state and a post-setting state. In the pre-setting state, the first reversing pin 422 is located on the first short track 44; in the post-setting state, the first reversing pin 422 is located on the first long track 45. Specifically, in the pre-setting state, due to the limited movement distance of the first reversing pin 422, the lower packer 4 will not begin setting work regardless of whether the oil pipe is raised or lowered. When the ground operation lifting equipment drives the first upper connector 411 to rotate clockwise through the upper oil pipe, the first external connector 42 cannot rotate or rotates only slightly under the frictional control of the straightening friction block 423. When a speed difference occurs between the first external connector 42 and the first internal connector 41, the first external connector 42 and the first internal connector 41 will rotate relative to each other. At this time, the first reversing pin 422 and the first external connector 42 do not rotate, and the first reversing track tube 412 rotates clockwise. The first reversing pin 422 then moves from the first short track 44 of the first reversing track tube 412 into the first long track 45 of the first reversing track tube 412, and then continues to move upwards. The lifting pipe drives the first reversing track pipe 412 to move upward, and the first reversing pin 422 moves to the lower end of the first long track 45 relative to the smooth path. At the same time, when the first internal connecting body 41 moves upward, it drives the slip tooth climbing ring 416 to move upward continuously, which pushes the slip tooth 434 together with the external connecting body 42 radially open and locks it in the inner wall of the casing 1. The greater the upward pulling force, the more firmly the slip tooth 434 is locked. When the slip tooth climbing ring 416 can no longer move upward, the climbing ring spring 418 is compressed, and the first internal connecting body 41 can continue to move upward. When the first internal connecting body 41 drives the first pressure transmission retaining ring 415 to continue to move upward, it transmits the lifting force on the ground to the first pressure transmission crescent ring 430, thereby pushing the first sealing retaining ring 428 to compress the first sealing rubber barrel 426 and expand radially. This process is the stroke of the lower packer 4 to complete the setting work. During unsealing, the oil pipe is lowered under the action of the lifting equipment. The first reversing pin 422 returns from the first long track 45 to the first short track 44 before setting, completing self-locking. The slip tooth climbing ring 416 also moves downward, the slip tooth 434 retracts radially, and at the same time, the first pressure transmission ring 415 also moves downward, the first sealing rubber barrel 426 also returns to its original state, and the lower packer 4 returns to its state before setting, thus enabling normal pipe lifting operation.

[0043] Reference Figure 2As shown, the upper packer 5 consists of a second external connector 52 and a second internal connector 53. The ground lifting equipment can drive the second internal connector 53 to move upward. The second internal connector 53 includes a second upper joint 531 arranged vertically, a second reversing track pipe 532, a second drag-reducing short circuit 533, a third central pipe 534, and a second pressure-transmitting retaining ring 535. The second upper joint 531 is connected to the second reversing track pipe 532, the second drag-reducing short circuit 533 is located between the third central pipe 534 and the second reversing track pipe 532, and the second pressure-transmitting retaining ring 535 is located below the third central pipe 534. The second external connector 52 includes a second dustproof... The components include: sleeve 521, second reversing pin 522, second reversing sliding sleeve 523, setting pin 524, second drag-reducing short-circuit sealing sleeve 525, second sealing glue bucket pressure cap 526, second sealing support tube 527, second sealing glue bucket 528, second sealing retaining ring 529, second pressure transmitting crescent ring 5291, second crescent ring support ring 5292, pressure transmitting connecting sleeve 5293, and second lower connector 5294. One end of the second reversing pin 522 is fixed on the second reversing sliding sleeve 523, and the other end is located in the second reversing track tube 532. One end of the setting pin 524 is connected to the second reversing sliding sleeve 523, and the other end is connected to the second reversing track tube 532. The second external connector 52 and the second internal connector 53 form two relatively independent bodies in the entire upper packer 5 assembly. They can move or rotate relative to each other axially. The movement or rotation is mainly controlled by the position of the second reversing pin 522 and the setting pin 524. Without external force, the entire second external connector 52 and the second internal connector 53 form a fixed whole under the control of the setting pin 524. When an external force cuts the setting pin 524, the upper packer 5 starts to work under the action of the external force.

[0044] Reference Figure 3As shown, the upper packer 5 has a pre-setting state and a post-setting state. In the pre-setting state, the second reversing pin 522 is located in the second short rail 54; in the post-setting state, the second reversing pin 522 is located in the second long rail 55. When the pre-setting state is converted to the post-setting state, the setting pin 524 is disengaged. Specifically, when the upper packer 5 is lowered to the designed position of the well, the second reversing pin 522 is in the second short rail 54. At this time, whether the tubing is raised or lowered, the upper packer 5 will not set, and is completely controlled by the preset shearing force of the setting pin 524. When the matching lower packer 4 is working, since the second external connector 52 is connected to the lower packer 4 through the layered control device 6 and cannot move, raising the second upper connector 531 will cause relative movement between the second external connector 52 and the second internal connector 53. When the raising force is greater than the setting force, the upper packer 52 will be disengaged. When the preset shearing pull of pin 524 is reached, the setting pin 524 shears off. Under the continued strong upward force, the second reversing track tube 532 moves, and the second reversing pin 522 moves relative to the second short track 54 to the second long track 55. At the same time, the second internal connecting body 53 drives the second pressure transmitting retaining ring 535 to continue moving upward, thus transmitting the lifting force on the ground to the second pressure transmitting crescent ring 5291, thereby pushing the second sealing retaining ring 529 to compress the second sealing glue barrel 528 and expand radially. This process is the stroke of the upper packer 5 to complete the setting operation. When unsealing, the oil pipe is lowered, and the second reversing pin 522 returns from the second long track position to the second short track position to complete self-locking. At the same time, the second pressure transmitting retaining ring 535 also moves downward, and the second sealing glue barrel 528 also returns to its original position. The upper packer 5 returns to the state before setting, thus enabling normal pipe lifting operation. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first reversing pin 422 and the second reversing pin 522 are fixed, while the first reversing track tube 412 and the second reversing track tube 532 move under the action of external force. The first reversing pin 422 moves with the first reversing track tube 412 and is located on the first short track 44 or the first long track 45 of the first reversing track tube 412. The second reversing pin 522 moves with the second reversing track tube 532 and is located on the second short track 54 or the second long track 55 of the second reversing track tube 532.

[0045] Existing conventional packers rely on the weight of the tubing run into the well to compress the packer's sealing rubber barrel and achieve stratification. However, current wells are generally shallow, typically within 800 meters in depth, and some even less than 500 meters. Relying on tubing weight to compress the packer is insufficient for proper setting. The corresponding packers generally require a depth of over 1000 meters to function properly, or at least achieve poor setting, failing to compact the sealing rubber barrel and thus hindering stratified oil production. This embodiment achieves setting by pulling up the workpiece, offering higher reliability and applicability to wells at depths of 200-800 meters, making it more convenient to use.

[0046] Furthermore, the upper packer 5 has a circulation hole 51, one end of which is connected to the annulus 2, and the other end is connected to the first central pipe 61 of the layer control device 6. The first central pipe 61, the aforementioned second central pipe 414, and the aforementioned third central pipe 534 are interconnected. The second central pipe 414 is connected to the upper oil pipe, and the third central pipe 534 is connected to the lower oil pipe. Depending on production needs, the oil production equipment can be controlled by the layer control device 6 to produce the lower layer, the upper layer, or both layers simultaneously. Different modes correspond to different reversing pressures. The oil production of a single layer is measured for a certain period, and then both layers are simultaneously produced. During simultaneous production, the production of each layer is calculated using the single-layer production calibration value. To ensure accurate measurement, after a period of production, the upper or lower oil layer is produced separately by the layer control device 6, and the single-layer oil production is remeasured. Then, the simultaneous production of both layers is repeated, achieving the requirement of layered measurement during simultaneous production. Throughout the entire layer-changing process, liquids of different pressures can be injected into the annulus 2 of the oil jacket to achieve layer-changing production. The controlled production layer can be accurately determined according to the set pressure of the layer control device 6. If the operation fails, it can be cycled once to achieve precise opening or closing of the oil layer.

[0047] Reference Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the layered control device 6 includes an outer working cylinder 62, a reversing ball 63, a steel ball 65, a positioning pin 64, and an elastic component located below the positioning pin 64. The first central tube 61 is located between the reversing ball 63 and the steel ball 65. This oil well formation production equipment has a lower production layer state, a two-layer combined production state, and an upper production layer state. In the lower production layer state, refer to... Figure 6 As shown, the inner oil inlet 611 of the first central tube 61 and the outer oil inlet 621 of the outer working cylinder 62 are not connected, the steel ball 65 moves freely, and the positioning pin 64 is located on the first track 641; refer to Figure 7 As shown, in the two-layer combined mining state, the inner oil inlet 611 and the outer oil inlet 621 are connected, the steel ball 65 is in a free state, and the positioning pin 64 is located on the second track 624; refer to Figure 8 As shown, in the production upper layer state, the inner oil inlet 611 and the outer oil inlet 621 are connected, the bottom end of the steel ball 65 and the first central tube 61 are sealed, and the positioning pin 64 is located in the third track 643.

[0048] Furthermore, the layered control device 6 also includes a positioning sleeve 66 and a retaining ring assembly. The elastic component is located below the positioning sleeve 66. The first central tube 61 and the positioning sleeve 66 are connected by a locking ball 692, which supports the rotation of the positioning sleeve 66. One end of the positioning pin 64 is fixedly connected to the outer working cylinder 62, and the other end is located in the positioning sleeve 66. The first central tube 61 drives the positioning sleeve 66 to move. The elastic component includes a first elastic element, a second elastic element, a third elastic element, and a fourth elastic element. The retaining ring assembly includes a first retaining ring 681, a second retaining ring 682, a third retaining ring 683, and a fourth retaining ring 684. The first elastic element is located between the positioning sleeve 66 and the first retaining ring 681; the second elastic element is located between the first retaining ring 681 and the second retaining ring 682; the third elastic element is located between the second retaining ring 682 and the third retaining ring 683; and the fourth elastic element is located between the steel ball 65 and the fourth retaining ring 684. The retaining rings can position and limit the movement of the spring.

[0049] Specifically, the first, second, third, and fourth elastic elements are spring 671, spring 672, spring 673, and spring 674, respectively. The mean diameters of the springs 671, 672, 673, and 674 gradually increase, resulting in a stepped change in the elastic force of the four springs. This allows for a stepped difference in the pressure difference required during reversal, facilitating control and positioning of the reversal. When the production process transitions from the lower layer to a two-layer combined mining state, spring 671 is compressed. When the two-layer combined mining state transitions to the upper layer, springs 671 and 672 are compressed. When the production process transitions from the upper layer to the lower layer, springs 671, 672, 673, and 674 are in a compressed state.

[0050] After the stratified oil production process tubing is installed and set in the well, stratification can be performed using the stratification control device 6. The specific working principle of the stratification control device 6 is as follows:

[0051] When the layered control device 6 is lowered to the designed well position, the positioning pin 64 is in the first track 641, the inner oil inlet 611 of the first central tube 61 and the outer oil inlet 621 of the outer working cylinder 62 are not connected, and the bottom steel ball 65 can move freely without restraint. When the pressure liquid column above it is lower than the formation pressure, the steel ball 65 is opened to allow the formation fluid to enter the first central tube 61. At this time, only the lower oil layer is produced, and the fluid in the lower oil layer is as follows: Figure 10 The oil pipe screen, indicated by the black arrow, enters the lower oil pipe and is discharged to the surface along the section marked in yellow under the suction of the screw pump. It should be noted that the connection or positional relationship of the various components for producing the lower oil layer can be determined on the surface.

[0052] When a layer change is required, liquid is injected through the annulus 2 of the oil sleeve. The reversing ball 63, integrated with the first central tube 61, overcomes the elastic force of the first spring 671 and moves downward. The first spring 671 is in a compressed state, and the first central tube 61 and the positioning sleeve 66 move downward. Because one end of the directional pin 64 is fixedly connected to the outer working cylinder 62, the positioning pin 64 remains stationary. When the positioning sleeve 66 moves, the positioning pin 64 can move relative to the positioning sleeve 66. At this time, the positioning pin 64 moves along the first track 641 to the position shown in the image. Figure 9 In the transition section 644 shown, the ground pump truck stops working. Under the push of the first spring 671, the first central pipe 61 and the positioning sleeve 66 move upward. Since the positioning pin 64 is set in the positioning sleeve 66, the positioning pin 64 moves from the transition section 644 to the position of the second track 642. At this time, the inner oil inlet 611 of the first central pipe 61 and the outer oil inlet 621 of the outer working cylinder 62 are connected. The bottom steel ball 65 can move freely. In this state, the liquid of the lower layer opens the steel ball 65 and enters the first central pipe 61 by its own formation pressure. The liquid of the upper layer also enters the first central pipe 61 through the outer oil inlet 621 and the inner oil inlet 611 under its own formation pressure. Therefore, two oil layers are produced at this time, and the liquid of the upper and lower oil layers flows from the outer oil inlet 621 and the inner oil inlet 611. Figure 11 The outer oil inlet 621 of the outer working cylinder 62, indicated by the black arrow, and the oil pipe screen enter the inner cavity of the oil pipe and are discharged to the ground along the yellow marked section under the suction action of the screw pump.

[0053] When another layer needs to be changed, liquid is injected through the annulus 2. The reversing ball 63, integrated with the first central tube 61, overcomes the elastic force of the second spring 672 and the first spring 671 and moves downwards. Following the same principle, the pump truck on the ground stops working, and the positioning pin 64 is moved along the track to the third track 643. The inner oil inlet 611 of the first central tube 61 and the outer oil inlet 621 of the outer working cylinder 62 are connected. The steel ball 65, under the action of the spring, is firmly pressed against the lower sealing ring of the first central tube 61, preventing the liquid from the lower oil layer from entering the inner cavity of the production oil pipe. The bottom steel ball 65 cannot move freely. At this time, the upper oil layer is produced, and the liquid from the upper oil layer flows out from... Figure 12 The oil enters through the external oil inlet 621 and internal oil inlet 611 indicated by the black arrow, and is discharged to the ground along the yellow marked section under the suction of the screw pump. If it is necessary to switch to the lower layer for production again, liquid is pumped in through the annulus 2 of the oil jacket. The reversing ball 63 and the first central tube 61 are integrated and overcome the elastic force of springs 4, 3, 2 and 1 to move downwards. The ground pump truck stops working, and the positioning pin 64 is moved to the first track 641 along the track. The connection between the internal oil inlet 611 of the first central tube 61 and the external oil inlet 621 of the outer working cylinder 62 is closed. The seal between the bottom of the first central tube 61 and the steel ball 65 is released, and the bottom steel ball 65 resumes free movement. At this time, the lower oil layer is produced. This continuous cycle operation achieves the purpose of continuous layer switching production.

[0054] Depend on Figures 10 to 12 As shown, because the liquid from the upper and lower oil layers returns to the annulus 2 through the circulation hole 51, when the pump 3 stops working, due to the formation pressure, the liquid column pressure in the annulus 2 will not rise when it is the same as the formation pressure. At this time, the formation pressure can be calculated by testing the liquid column height. This process is the dynamic fluid level measurement function, which is not available in other mature stratified oil production processes. The dynamic fluid level measured during the production process is a display of the formation fluid supply capacity of the corresponding production layer. Once the well washing is completed, the production layer can be precisely adjusted according to the controlled casing pressure. The operation is simple. In addition, when the crude oil in the oil well is viscous or waxy and affects the production of the oil well, well washing fluid is directly injected into the annulus 2. The well washing fluid enters the tubing through the circulation hole 51 of the packer 5 to achieve circulation washing.

[0055] The oil well stratified oil production equipment of this embodiment solves at least the following technical problems:

[0056] (1) The packer is changed from being compressed and set by the weight of the tubing to being compressed and set by the working equipment, which solves the problem that mechanically set packers cannot be set and used in any oil well.

[0057] (2) To solve the problem that mature domestic and foreign stratified oil production technology cannot be used to achieve normal production in small casing wells on site, and to use stratified control devices for stratified oil production.

[0058] (3) In particular, it addresses the issue of shallow oil wells without packers that can be used in conjunction with other equipment. Specifically, for shallow wells with a depth of less than 500 meters, there are no follow-up treatment measures to address issues such as salt deposition, wax deposition, and crude oil viscosity, which affect the normal production of the oil wells.

[0059] As indicated in this specification and claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of expressly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list; the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any combination of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0060] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, when a feature is referred to as "fixed" or "connected" to another feature, it can be directly fixed or connected to the other feature, or indirectly fixed or connected to the other feature. Furthermore, the descriptions of "up," "down," "left," and "right" used in this invention are only relative to the relative positional relationships of the various components of the invention in the accompanying drawings.

[0061] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are preferred embodiments. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent transformations or modifications made according to the principles of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil well stratified oil production device, comprising casing, tubing, and a pump truck located on the surface, wherein an annulus exists between the casing and the tubing, characterized in that, The oil well stratified oil production equipment also includes an upper packer, a lower packer, and a stratification control device located between the upper packer and the lower packer that are interconnected. The tubing includes an upper tubing and a lower tubing. The upper packer is connected to the upper tubing, and the lower packer is connected to the lower tubing. The upper packer has a circulation hole. One end of the circulation hole is connected to the annulus of the casing and the other end is connected to the first central pipe of the stratification control device. The layered control device includes an outer working cylinder, a reversing ball, a steel ball, a positioning sleeve, a positioning pin, and an elastic component located below the positioning pin. One end of the positioning pin is fixedly connected to the outer working cylinder, and the other end is located in the positioning sleeve. The first central tube is located between the reversing ball and the steel ball, and the first central tube drives the positioning sleeve to move. The oil well layered production equipment has a lower production layer state, a two-layer combined production state, and an upper production layer state. In the lower production layer state, the inner oil inlet of the first central tube and the outer oil inlet of the outer working cylinder are not connected, the steel ball moves freely, and the positioning pin is located on the first track of the positioning sleeve. In the two-layer combined mining state, the inner oil inlet and the outer oil inlet are connected, the steel ball is in a free state, and the positioning pin is located in the second track of the positioning sleeve; In the upper production layer state, the inner oil inlet and the outer oil inlet are connected, the bottom end of the steel ball and the first central tube are sealed, and the positioning pin is located on the third track of the positioning sleeve.

2. The oil well stratified oil production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The layered control device further includes a retaining ring assembly. The elastic component and the retaining ring assembly are located below the positioning slide sleeve. The elastic component includes a first elastic element, a second elastic element, a third elastic element, and a fourth elastic element. The retaining ring assembly includes a first retaining ring, a second retaining ring, a third retaining ring, and a fourth retaining ring. The first elastic element is located between the positioning slide sleeve and the first retaining ring. The second elastic element is located between the first retaining ring and the second retaining ring. The third elastic element is located between the second retaining ring and the third retaining ring. The fourth elastic element is located between the steel ball and the fourth retaining ring.

3. The oil well stratified oil production equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first elastic element, the second elastic element, the third elastic element, and the fourth elastic element are respectively a first spring, a second spring, a third spring, and a fourth spring, with the mean diameter of the first spring, the second spring, the third spring, and the fourth spring gradually increasing; when the production lower layer state is converted to the two-layer combined mining state, the first spring is compressed; when the two-layer combined mining state is converted to the production upper layer state, the first spring and the second spring are compressed.

4. The oil well stratified oil production equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the upper production layer state is converted to the lower production layer state, the first spring, the second spring, the third spring, and the fourth spring are in a compressed state.

5. The oil well stratified oil production equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, A locking ball is provided between the first central tube and the positioning sleeve.

6. The oil well stratified oil production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower packer consists of a first external connector and a first internal connector. The first internal connector includes a first upper joint, a first reversing track tube, a first drag-reducing short circuit, a second central tube, a first pressure-transmitting retaining ring, a slipper climbing ring, a climbing ring limiting pin, a climbing ring spring, a spring protective cover, a spring retaining ring, and a first lower connector. The first external connector includes a first dust cover, a first reversing pin, a first reversing sliding sleeve, a first drag-reducing short circuit sealing sleeve, a first sealing glue barrel cap, a first sealing glue barrel, a first sealing support tube, a first sealing retaining ring, a straightening cylinder, a first pressure-transmitting crescent ring, a first crescent ring support ring, a straightening friction block, a straightening friction block spring, and slippers. The first internal connector is movable relative to the first external connector.

7. The oil well stratified oil production equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lower packer has a pre-setting state and a post-setting state. In the pre-setting state, the first reversing pin is located on the first short track of the first reversing track tube. In the post-setting state, the first reversing pin is located on the first long track of the first reversing track tube.

8. The oil well stratified oil production equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper packer is composed of a second external connector and a second internal connector. The second internal connector includes a second upper joint, a second reversing track tube, a second drag-reducing short circuit, a third central tube, and a second pressure-transmitting retaining ring. The second external connector includes a second dust cover, a second reversing pin, a second reversing sliding sleeve, a setting pin, a second drag-reducing short circuit sealing sleeve, a second sealing glue barrel cap, a second sealing support tube, a second sealing glue barrel, a second sealing retaining ring, a second pressure-transmitting crescent ring, a second crescent ring support ring, a pressure-transmitting connecting sleeve, and a second lower connector. The second internal connector is movable relative to the second external connector.

9. The oil well stratified oil production equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The upper packer has a pre-setting state and a post-setting state. In the pre-setting state, the second reversing pin is located on the second short track of the second reversing track tube. In the post-setting state, the second reversing pin is located on the second long track of the second reversing track tube. When the pre-setting state is converted to the post-setting state, the setting pin is disengaged.

10. The oil well stratified oil production equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that, The layered control device has a third upper connector and a third lower connector. The third upper connector is threadedly connected to the second lower connector of the upper packer, and the third lower connector is threadedly connected to the first upper connector of the lower packer. The first upper connector is connected to the upper oil pipe, and the second lower connector is connected to the lower oil pipe.

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