A laminated tooth-shape coil winding based on interlayer phase and a design method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of electromagnetic coil technology and discloses a stacked toothed coil winding based on interlayer phase and its design method. The toothed coil significantly increases the number of effective winding sides and reduces the end length by using a multi-branch parallel connection method. At the same time, the gaps between the concave and convex teeth of the toothed coil provide sufficient space for winding components such as iron core, heat dissipation tubes, insulating materials, structural materials, and sensors, which is conducive to forming an integrated winding that combines magnetic concentration, heat dissipation, insulation, structural strength, and sensing control. Furthermore, this design method greatly facilitates the application and promotion of this type of winding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromagnetic coil technology, and in particular to a stacked toothed coil winding based on interlayer phase and its design method. Background Technology

[0002] The motor winding is the core and physical foundation of the motor, serving as the physical carrier and executor of electromagnetic energy conversion. It directly shapes the motor's core electromagnetic performance (torque, efficiency, noise, back EMF, inductance, etc.) and determines its key electrical parameters (voltage, current, power, speed, number of phases), significantly influencing the motor's power density, efficiency, and thermal performance. Traditional motor windings employ multiple concentrated slots or multiple conductors wound in rotation, feeding phase currents into different spaces within the same plane to form a rotating magnetic field or a linearly propulsive magnetic field. This invention proposes a layered toothed coil winding based on interlayer phase and its design method. This toothed coil significantly increases the number of effective winding sides and reduces end length through a multi-branch parallel connection. Simultaneously, the gaps between the concave and convex teeth of the toothed coil provide sufficient space for winding components such as the iron core, heat dissipation pipes, insulation materials, structural materials, and sensors, facilitating the formation of an integrated winding that combines magnetization, heat dissipation, insulation, structural strength, and sensing control. Furthermore, this design method greatly facilitates the application and promotion of this type of winding. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to improve the copper full rate of the winding, forming an integrated winding that combines magnetization, heat dissipation, insulation, structural strength, and sensing control. At the same time, it provides a design method for stacked toothed coil windings based on interlayer phase.

[0004] Based on the above objectives, the present invention proposes the following solution: A stacked toothed coil winding based on interlayer phase and its design method are characterized by: 1) The toothed coil is one phase of the winding. After energizing, the magnetic polarity inside and outside the toothed coil is different. 2) The number of slots in the toothed coil winding is Z, the number of phases is m, the number of teeth is p (the number of pole pairs), the number of effective sides in the toothed coil structure is Z / m, and the number of parallel connections is Z / (2pm); the rotational mechanical angle of the rotary motor is 2π / (pm), and the slot occupancy angle is 2π / Z; the pole pitch of the linear motor is d, the slot pitch is 2dp / Z, and the distance between adjacent phase slots is 2d / m, where Z, m, and p are all natural numbers, and Z≥12, m≥3, and p≥2; 3) The toothed coil consists of an effective edge, an end, a convex tooth, a concave tooth, an inlet end, and an outlet end. The teeth of the toothed coil are centrally symmetrical coil structures, with the number of teeth being the number of pole pairs p. Each concave or convex tooth occupies a central angle of π / p. In a multi-effective-edge toothed coil structure with a parallel number of Z / (2pm), after the Z / (2pm) toothed coils are rotated by an angle of 2π / Z or shifted by a distance of 2dp / Z in sequence, the effective edges are connected in parallel at the end of the toothed coil, the inlet end, and the outlet end, forming a same-layer structure. 4) n layers of toothed coils are stacked vertically or n layers of toothed coils with successively decreasing axial radii are stacked radially to form a toothed coil rotation or offset unit. The connection method of the n layers of toothed coils in the toothed coil rotation or offset unit includes series connection and parallel connection, where n is the number of toothed coil stacking layers and n≥1; 5) m toothed coil rotating units are stacked in rotation or nested in rotation to form an m-phase 2p pole nm layer rotary motor coil winding with an angle of 2π / (pm) between adjacent phases; m toothed coil offset units are stacked in offset to form an m-phase 2p pole nm layer linear motor coil winding with an offset distance of 2d / m between adjacent phases. 6) The coil winding phase is set in different toothed coil rotation or offset units, using an m-phase power supply topology, with an adjacent phase difference of 2π / m; 7) The coil winding manufacturing process includes PCB process, additive manufacturing process, and traditional winding process. In the traditional winding process, the gaps between the convex and / or concave teeth of the toothed coil are provided with one or more sensors, and / or functional materials, and / or structural materials. Functional materials include magnetic materials, insulating materials, heat dissipation materials and tubing. Structural materials include one or more of silicon steel sheets, electrical steel, titanium alloys, aluminum alloys, stainless steel, engineering plastics, carbon fiber composites, and chopped fiber composites.

[0005] A method for designing a layered toothed coil rotary motor winding, characterized by the following coil winding design steps: 1) Clearly define the coil windings Z, m, p, and n; 2) Calculate the number of teeth, effective side number Z / m, parallel number Z / (2pm), and slot occupancy angle 2π / Z of the toothed coil; 3) Design the toothed coil structure based on the number of teeth, effective sides, number of parallel connections, slot occupancy angle parameters, and characteristics of the toothed coil, and stack the toothed coils to form an n-layer toothed coil rotating unit; 4) After rotating m n-layer toothed coil rotating units sequentially by an angle of 2π / (pm), they are stacked to form an m-phase 2p pole nm-layer coil winding.

[0006] A method for designing a layered toothed coil linear motor winding, characterized by the following coil winding design steps: 1) Clearly define the coil winding parameters Z, m, p, d, and n; 2) Calculate the number of teeth, effective side number Z / m, number of parallel connections Z / (2pm), and slot pitch 2dp / Z of the toothed coil; 3) Design the toothed coil structure based on the number of teeth, effective sides, number of parallel connections, slot pitch parameters, and characteristics of the toothed coil, and stack the toothed coils to form n layers of toothed coil offset units; 4) After offsetting m n-layer toothed coil offset units by a distance of 2d / m in sequence, they are stacked to form an m-phase 2p pole nm-layer coil winding.

[0007] The coil winding is characterized in that it is an axial flux coil winding, and m toothed coil rotating units of the same size are stacked after each rotating by a mechanical angle of 2π / (pm) in sequence, and the base plane projection of the center point of all coil teeth is evenly distributed on the circumference centered on the geometric center of the coil winding.

[0008] The coil winding is characterized in that it is a radial flux coil winding, in which m toothed coil rotating units with gradually decreasing radial radius are nested and stacked, each rotating by a mechanical angle of 2π / (pm) in sequence, and the center points of all the coil teeth are projected onto the central axis of the coil winding and converge to a single point.

[0009] The coil winding is characterized in that it is a linear motor coil winding, and m toothed coil offset units of the same size are stacked after each offset by 2d / m. The base plane projection of the center point of all coil teeth is evenly distributed on the straight line connecting the center points of the coil winding teeth.

[0010] The coil winding is characterized in that it is formed by winding a wire, and the gaps between the convex or concave teeth of the toothed wire are embedded with a stacked silicon steel sheet or a soft magnetic composite die-cast iron core and a heat dissipation pipe; the stacked silicon steel sheet or soft magnetic composite die-cast iron core is provided with fixing holes, the included angle between the fixing holes is a mechanical angle of 2π / (pm) or the distance between the phases is 2d / m; the heat dissipation pipe is provided with connecting holes, the included angle between the connecting holes of the heat dissipation pipe is a mechanical angle of 2π / (pm) or the distance between the phases is 2d / m.

[0011] The coil winding is characterized in that a magnetic sensor or temperature sensor is embedded in the gap between the inner and outer teeth of the toothed coil inside the coil winding, for real-time monitoring of the magnetic field or coil temperature, and feeding the data back to the control system.

[0012] The coil winding is characterized in that it is manufactured using a PCB or additive manufacturing technology, or is wound with wire.

[0013] The coil winding is characterized in that the output terminals of each phase of the stacked coil winding are short-circuited to form a squirrel-cage equivalent rotor of the asynchronous motor.

[0014] The base plane described in this invention is a reference plane common to all coil layers, or a projection plane perpendicular to the stacking direction, and the base point is a common reference point for all coil layer stacks / units.

[0015] The radially concentric stacking described in this invention is a radially concentric stacking with the central axis as a reference.

[0016] The stacked coil windings of this invention can be applied to axial flux motor systems, radial flux motor systems, linear motor systems, linear accelerator systems, magnetic levitation systems, magnetic bearing systems, magnetic stirring systems, etc.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The toothed coil of the present invention has parallel branches connected in parallel at the ends of the toothed structure, which can significantly reduce the end length, increase the number of effective sides, and improve the copper full coverage of the winding.

[0018] 2. The coil of this invention adopts a toothed structure, which makes full use of the different polarities of the magnetic fields inside and outside the teeth after the toothed coil is energized. The stacked design of the toothed coil can concentrate the use of magnetic fields of different polarities, significantly reduce copper loss, improve the electromagnetic utilization rate of the conductor, and significantly enhance the air gap magnetic field strength.

[0019] 3. The toothed coil stacked structure of the present invention makes full use of the gaps between the convex or concave teeth of the toothed coil to set up a heat dissipation pipeline / hole system, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation performance of the winding.

[0020] 4. The toothed coil stacked structure of the present invention makes full use of the gaps between the convex or concave teeth of the toothed coil to fill magnetic conductive material, thereby improving the overall magnetic concentration performance of the winding. For example, the gaps inside and outside each layer of coil teeth are filled with thin silicon steel sheets with prefabricated interlayer fixing holes and heat dissipation pipeline holes, which improves the overall magnetic conductivity of the winding and increases the structural strength performance of the winding.

[0021] 5. The toothed coil stacked structure of the present invention significantly reduces the number of interlayer drilling holes during the PCB stator manufacturing process, and can adopt through-hole design for all layers, significantly reducing the cost of blind and buried holes, thereby reducing the production cost of PCB windings and facilitating the promotion and application of PCB motors.

[0022] 6. The coil winding of the present invention adopts a toothed coil structure, which can significantly flatten and miniaturize the motor structure through the stacking method.

[0023] 7. The coil winding of this invention adopts a toothed coil stacked structure, which is easy to produce mechanically and expand modularly. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a toothed coil structure; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a 72-slot, 4-pole winding structure. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a 72-slot, 6-pole winding structure. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a 72-slot, 8-pole winding structure. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a 72-slot, 12-pole winding structure. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a 24-slot, 4-pole winding structure. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a 36-slot, 6-pole winding structure. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a 54-slot, 6-pole winding structure. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a 48-slot, 8-pole winding structure. Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a 24-slot, 4-pole winding core and a heat pipe structure. Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the winding structure of a 60-slot, 10-pole linear motor. In the picture: 1001, Effective edge; 1002, End; 1003, Convex tooth or gap in convex tooth; 1004, Concave tooth or gap in concave tooth; 1005, Current input terminal of conductor; 1006, Current output terminal of conductor; 1007, Parallel branch; 1008, Center of concave tooth or center of convex tooth; 1009, Inner boundary of planar winding or lower boundary of three-dimensional winding; 1010, Outer boundary of planar winding or upper boundary of three-dimensional winding; 1011, Series connection point; 1012, Parallel connection point; 1013, Heat dissipation groove; 1014, Iron core; 1015, Iron core fixing hole; Figure 1 , Figure 10 When used as a structural view of an axial flux winding, the schematic diagram is a top view of the planar structure. Figure 1 , Figure 10 When viewed as a radial flux winding structure, the schematic diagram is shown as a top view of the three-dimensional structure from the center. The conductors, iron core, and heat dissipation grooves are all tightly attached to the inside of the cylindrical winding. The conductors with convex teeth are located at the upper part of the cylindrical conductor's axis, and the conductors with concave teeth are located at the lower part of the cylindrical conductor's axis. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1: Toothed coil structure with 2 teeth Appendix Figure 1 The diagram shows a toothed coil structure with two teeth. The small diagram in the upper right corner shows a single-wire toothed coil structure, which is formed by connecting four effective sides 1001 and three end sides 1002 in series. 1005 is the current inflow end of the conductor, and 1006 is the current outflow end of the conductor. The four effective sides divide the circumference into four equal parts, each occupying an angle of π / 2. The left and right parts are concave toothed parts 1004, and the upper and lower parts are convex toothed parts 1003. The center 1008 of each part is indicated by a circle, and all four centers are on the same circumference.

[0027] Appendix Figure 1 The large image shows a 2-tooth coil structure with 2 parallel connections, and 2 attached... Figure 1 In the small figure, after one of the two toothed coils is rotated by 5°, the two toothed coils are connected in parallel at the overlapping position of the end 1002, the current inflow end 1005, and the current outflow end 1006, forming a two-toothed coil structure with 8 effective sides and 2 parallel branches 1007 in the same layer. In this structure, the two protruding teeth 1003 are each increased by 5°.

[0028] When attached Figure 1 When used as a structural view of an axial flux winding, the schematic diagram is a top view of the planar structure; when Figure 1 When viewed as a radial flux winding structure, the schematic diagram is shown as a top view of the center of the three-dimensional structure. The conductors are all tightly attached to the inside of the cylindrical winding. The conductors with convex teeth are located at the upper part of the cylindrical conductor along the axis, and the conductors with concave teeth are located at the lower part of the cylindrical conductor along the axis.

[0029] Example 2: Design method for a three-phase, 72-slot, 4-pole, 3-layer stacked toothed coil rotary motor winding 1) Coil winding Z=72, m=3, p=2, n=3; 2) The calculation shows that the number of teeth of the toothed coil is 2, the number of effective sides is 72 / 3=24, the number of parallel connections is 72 / (2×2×3)=6, and the angle occupied by the wire groove is 360 / 72=5°; 3) Design the toothed coil structure based on the number of teeth, effective sides, number of parallel connections, slot occupancy angle parameters, and characteristics of the toothed coil, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 2 The top left small image shows a toothed coil with 24 effective sides 1001, each tooth with 6 parallel branches 1007 and 3 end sides 1002. The included angle between adjacent effective sides is θ=5°. Compared to the top right small image, each convex tooth 1003 in the top left small image has an increased range of 25°. Three of the above toothed coils are stacked vertically to form a 3-layer toothed coil rotating unit. 4) The three 3-layer toothed coil rotating units are sequentially rotated by an angle of 360 / (2×3)=60° and stacked to form a three-phase, 4-pole, 72-slot rotating motor coil winding with 3 layers per phase and a total of 9 layers. For example... Figure 2 In the large diagram, the center points of all toothed coils are projected onto the 1008 base plane and distributed on the circumference centered on the geometric center of the coil winding. The NS section in the middle represents the three-phase angle range occupied by each pole of the winding. A, B, and C are the three-phase current input terminals, with the angle between phases A and B being 60° and the angle between phases B and C being 60°. X, Y, and Z are the three-phase current output terminals. Connecting X, Y, and Z in a star, delta, or star-delta configuration will form a three-phase winding.

[0030] Example 3: Design method for a three-phase, 72-slot, 6-pole, 5-layer stacked toothed coil rotary motor winding 1) Coil winding Z=72, m=3, p=3, n=5; 2) The calculated number of teeth in the toothed coil is 3, the number of effective sides is 72 / 3=24, the number of parallel connections is 72 / (2×3×3)=4, and the angle occupied by the wire groove is 360 / 72=5°; 3) Design the toothed coil structure based on the number of teeth, effective number of sides, number of parallel connections, slot occupancy angle parameters, and characteristics of the toothed coil, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 3 The top left small image shows a toothed coil with 24 effective sides 1001, each tooth with 4 parallel branches 1007 and 5 end sides 1002. The included angle between adjacent effective sides is θ=5°. Compared to the top right small image, each convex tooth 1003 in the top left small image has an increased range of 15°. Five of the above toothed coils are stacked vertically to form a 5-layer toothed coil rotating unit. 4) The three 5-layer toothed coil rotating units are sequentially rotated by an angle of 360 / (3×3)=40° and stacked to form a three-phase 6-pole 72-slot rotary motor coil winding with 5 layers per phase, totaling 15 layers. For example... Figure 3 In the large diagram, the NS section in the middle represents the three-phase angle range occupied by each pole of the winding. A, B, and C are the three-phase current input terminals, with the angle between phases A and B being 40° and the angle between phases B and C being 40°. X, Y, and Z are the three-phase current output terminals. Connecting X, Y, and Z in a star, delta, or star-delta configuration will form a three-phase winding.

[0031] Example 4: Design method for a three-phase, 72-slot, 8-pole, 5-layer stacked toothed coil rotary motor winding 1) Coil winding Z=72, m=3, p=4, n=5; 2) The calculated number of teeth in the toothed coil is 4, the number of effective sides is 72 / 3=24, the number of parallel connections is 72 / (2×4×3)=3, and the angle occupied by the wire groove is 360 / 72=5°; 3) Design the toothed coil structure based on the number of teeth, effective sides, number of parallel connections, slot occupancy angle parameters, and characteristics of the toothed coil, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 4 The top left small image shows a toothed coil with 24 effective sides 1001, each tooth with 3 parallel branches 1007 and 7 end sides 1002. The included angle between adjacent effective sides is θ=5°. Compared to the top right small image, each convex tooth 1003 in the top left small image has an increased range of 10°. Five of the above toothed coils are vertically stacked to form a 5-layer toothed coil rotating unit. 4) The three 5-layer toothed coil rotating units are sequentially rotated by an angle of 360 / (4×3)=30° and stacked to form a three-phase 8-pole 72-slot rotary motor coil winding with 5 layers per phase, totaling 15 layers. For example... Figure 4 In the large diagram, the NS section in the middle represents the three-phase angle range occupied by each pole of the winding. A, B, and C are the three-phase current input terminals, with the angle between phases A and B being 30° and the angle between phases B and C being 30°. X, Y, and Z are the three-phase current output terminals. Connecting X, Y, and Z in a star, delta, or star-delta configuration will form a three-phase winding.

[0032] Example 5: Design method for a three-phase 72-slot 12-pole toothed coil rotary motor winding with 4 layers per phase. 1) Coil winding Z=72, m=3, p=6, n=4; 2) The calculated number of teeth in the toothed coil is 6, the number of effective sides is 72 / 3=24, the number of parallel connections is 72 / (2×6×3) =2, and the angle occupied by the wire groove is 360 / 72=5°; 3) Design the toothed coil structure based on the number of teeth, effective sides, number of parallel connections, slot occupancy angle parameters, and characteristics of the toothed coil, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 5 The top left small image shows a toothed coil with 24 effective edges 1001, each tooth with 2 parallel branches 1007 and 11 end edges 1002. The included angle between adjacent effective edges is θ=5°. Compared to the top right small image, each convex tooth 1003 in the top left small image has an increased range of 5°. Four of the above toothed coils are vertically stacked to form a 4-layer toothed coil rotating unit. 4) The three 4-layer toothed coil rotating units are sequentially rotated by an angle of 360 / (6×3)=20° and stacked to form a three-phase 12-pole 72-slot rotary motor coil winding with 4 layers per phase for a total of 12 layers. For example... Figure 5 In the large diagram, the NS section in the middle represents the three-phase angle range occupied by each pole of the winding. A, B, and C are the three-phase current input terminals, with the angle between phases A and B being 20° and the angle between phases B and C being 20°. X, Y, and Z are the three-phase current output terminals. Connecting X, Y, and Z in a star, delta, or star-delta configuration will form a three-phase winding.

[0033] Example 6: Three-phase 24-slot 4-pole stacked toothed coil rotary motor winding The design method is similar to that of Example 2. The number of teeth in the toothed coil is 2, the number of effective sides is 24 / 3=8, the number of parallel connections is 24 / (2×2×3)=2, and the angle occupied by the wire groove is 360 / 24=15°.

[0034] Toothed coil design such as Figure 6 The small image in the upper left shows how a three-phase winding can be formed by rotating the three-phase windings sequentially by 360 / (2×3)=60° to create a three-phase, 24-slot, 4-pole stacked toothed coil rotary motor winding. Figure 6 In the large image, the center points of all toothed coils are projected onto the 1008 base plane and distributed on the circumference centered on the geometric center of the coil winding. The NS section in the middle represents the three-phase angle range occupied by each pole of the winding.

[0035] Example 7: Three-phase 36-slot 6-pole stacked toothed coil rotary motor winding The design method is similar to that of Example 3. The number of teeth in the toothed coil is 3, the number of effective sides is 36 / 3=12, the number of parallel connections is 36 / (2×3×3)=2, and the angle occupied by the wire groove is 360 / 36=10°.

[0036] Toothed coil design such as Figure 7 The small image in the upper left corner shows how rotating the three-phase windings sequentially by 360 / (3×3)=40° can form a three-phase 36-slot 6-pole stacked toothed coil rotary motor winding, as shown below. Figure 7 In the large diagram, A, B, and C are the three-phase current input terminals, with the angle between phases A and B being 40° and the angle between phases B and C being 40°. X, Y, and Z are the three-phase current output terminals. Connecting X, Y, and Z in a star, delta, or star-delta configuration will form a three-phase winding.

[0037] Example 8: Three-phase 54-slot 6-pole stacked toothed coil rotary motor winding The design method is similar to that of Example 7. The number of teeth in the toothed coil is 3, the number of effective sides is 54 / 3=18, the number of parallel connections is 54 / (2×3×3)=3, and the angle occupied by the wire groove is 360 / 54=6.67°.

[0038] Toothed coil design such as Figure 8 The small image in the upper left shows how rotating the three-phase windings sequentially by 360 / (3×3)=40° can form a three-phase 54-slot 6-pole stacked toothed coil rotary motor winding, as shown below. Figure 8 In the large diagram, A, B, and C are the three-phase current input terminals, with the angle between phases A and B being 40° and the angle between phases B and C being 40°. X, Y, and Z are the three-phase current output terminals. Connecting X, Y, and Z in a star, delta, or star-delta configuration will form a three-phase winding.

[0039] Example 9: Three-phase 48-slot 8-pole stacked toothed coil rotary motor winding The design method is similar to that of Example 4. The number of teeth in the toothed coil is 4, the number of effective sides is 48 / 3=16, the number of parallel connections is 48 / (2×3×4)=2, and the angle occupied by the wire groove is 360 / 48=7.5°.

[0040] Toothed coil design such as Figure 9 The small image in the upper left shows how rotating the three-phase windings sequentially by 360 / (4×3)=30° can form a three-phase 48-slot 8-pole stacked toothed coil rotary motor winding, as shown below. Figure 9 In the large diagram, A, B, and C are the three-phase current input terminals, with the angle between phases A and B being 40° and the angle between phases B and C being 40°. X, Y, and Z are the three-phase current output terminals. By connecting X, Y, and Z in a star configuration to form the neutral terminal N, a three-phase winding can be formed with A, B, and C as the three-phase input terminals and N as the neutral terminal.

[0041] Example 10: 24-slot, 4-pole toothed coil winding filled with heat dissipation slots and an iron core like Figure 10 As shown in the large figure, the toothed coil structure design is the same as that in Example 6. The number of teeth in the toothed coil is 2, the number of effective sides is 24 / 3=8, the number of parallel connections is 24 / (2×2×3)=2, and the angle occupied by the wire groove is 360 / 24=15°.

[0042] In this embodiment, heat dissipation grooves 1013 are provided in the gaps between the concave and convex tooth portions. The heat dissipation grooves are located at the projection positions of the base planes of the B-phase and C-phase conductors. The openings of the heat dissipation grooves in the concave tooth portion gaps face the outer boundary 1010 of the winding, and the openings of the heat dissipation grooves in the convex tooth portion gaps face the inner boundary 1009 of the winding. Air-cooled or liquid-cooled media or heat dissipation pipes can be input and output from the openings of the heat dissipation grooves. Figure 10 In the middle, each of the two concave toothed parts is provided with two outward heat dissipation grooves 1013, and each of the two convex toothed parts is provided with two inward heat dissipation grooves 1013.

[0043] In this embodiment, an iron core 1014 is provided in the gaps between the concave and convex tooth portions. The iron core 1014 is a die-cast iron core made of laminated silicon steel sheets or soft magnetic composite material, which is tightly embedded between the wires and the heat dissipation groove. The iron core 1014 is provided with alternating fixing holes 1015. The included angle between adjacent fixing holes 1015 distributed in the same circumference is a mechanical angle of 360 / (2×3)=60°. Figure 10 The angle between adjacent holes of the six alternating fixing holes 1015 near the outer boundary 1010 of the winding is 60°, and the angle between adjacent holes of the six alternating fixing holes 1015 near the inner boundary 1009 of the winding is also 60°.

[0044] By sequentially rotating the three toothed coils filled with heat dissipation grooves 1013 and iron cores 1014 by an angle of 360 / (2×3)=60° and stacking them, a structure can be formed. Figure 10The upper right small diagram shows the structure. In the diagram, 18 heat dissipation slots 1013 are evenly distributed on the coil winding. Nine heat dissipation slots 1013 have their openings facing inward, and nine have their openings facing outward. The projection of the base plane of the three-phase conductors coincides with the projection of the center line of the slot of the heat dissipation slot 1013. After rotating 60°, the three layers of phase fixing holes 1015 coincide. Magnetic conductive material is used to fill and lock the interlayer of each fixing hole 1015 of the three-layer coil winding, which can significantly enhance the strength performance of the winding structure.

[0045] Example 11: Three-phase 60-slot 10-pole 6-layer stacked linear motor winding 1) Coil winding Z=60, m=3, p=5, n=6; 2) The calculated number of teeth in the toothed coil is 5, the effective number of sides is 60 / 3=20, the number of parallel connections is 60 / (2×5×3)=2, and the slot pitch is d / 6; 3) Design the toothed coil structure based on the number of teeth, effective sides, number of parallel connections, slot occupancy angle parameters, and characteristics of the toothed coil, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 11 (d) The toothed coil in the figure has 20 effective sides 1001, each tooth has 2 parallel branches 1007, the distance between adjacent slots is d / 6, and 10 end sides 1002. Compared with Figure (a), Figure (d) adds a space for the protruding tooth portion 1003. Figure (b) and Figure (a) are toothed coils with opposite tooth directions. Figure (c) is a double-layer coil formed by connecting Figures (a) and (b) through a series connection point 1011. Figure (e) is a double-layer toothed coil formed by connecting two toothed coils from Figure (b) in series, creating two parallel branches 1007. Figure (f) is a three-phase 60-slot 10-pole 6-layer stacked toothed coil linear motor winding formed by stacking three toothed coil offset units from Figure (e) after being offset by a distance of 2d / 3 in sequence. In Figure (f), the centers of the teeth of the three-phase toothed coils A, B, and C are arranged in a straight line at equal distances (1008). A, B, and C are the three-phase current input terminals. The distance between the slots of phases A and B is 2d / 3, and the distance between the slots of phases B and C is 2d / 3. X, Y, and Z are the three-phase current output terminals. A three-phase winding can be formed by connecting X, Y, and Z in a star, delta, or star-delta configuration.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as the number of slots, poles, and winding layers are used only to describe the technical solution of this invention and are intended to limit the scope of this invention.

[0047] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A stacked toothed coil winding based on interlayer phase, characterized in that: 1) The toothed coil is one phase of the winding. After energizing, the magnetic polarity inside and outside the toothed coil is different. 2) The number of slots in the toothed coil winding is Z, the number of phases is m, the number of teeth is p (the number of pole pairs), the number of effective sides in the toothed coil structure is Z / m, and the number of parallel connections is Z / (2pm); the rotational mechanical angle of the rotary motor is 2π / (pm), and the slot occupancy angle is 2π / Z; the pole pitch of the linear motor is d, the slot pitch is 2dp / Z, and the distance between adjacent phase slots is 2d / m, where Z, m, and p are all natural numbers, and Z≥12, m≥3, and p≥2; 3) The toothed coil consists of an effective edge, an end, a convex tooth, a concave tooth, an inlet end, and an outlet end. The teeth of the toothed coil are centrally symmetrical coil structures, with the number of teeth being the number of pole pairs p. Each concave or convex tooth occupies a central angle of π / p. In a multi-effective-edge toothed coil structure with a parallel number of Z / (2pm), after the Z / (2pm) toothed coils are rotated by an angle of 2π / Z or shifted by a distance of 2dp / Z in sequence, the effective edges are connected in parallel at the end of the toothed coil, the inlet end, and the outlet end, forming a same-layer structure. 4) n layers of toothed coils are stacked vertically or n layers of toothed coils with successively decreasing axial radii are stacked radially to form a toothed coil rotation or offset unit. The connection method of the n layers of toothed coils in the toothed coil rotation or offset unit includes series connection and parallel connection, where n is the number of toothed coil stacking layers and n≥1; 5) m toothed coil rotating units are stacked in rotation or nested in rotation to form an m-phase 2p pole nm layer rotary motor coil winding with an angle of 2π / (pm) between adjacent phases; m toothed coil offset units are stacked in offset to form an m-phase 2p pole nm layer linear motor coil winding with an offset distance of 2d / m between adjacent phases. 6) The coil winding phase is set in different toothed coil rotation or offset units, using an m-phase power supply topology, with an adjacent phase difference of 2π / m; 7) The coil winding production process includes PCB process, additive manufacturing process, and traditional winding production process. In the traditional winding production process, the gaps between the convex teeth and / or concave teeth of the toothed coil are provided with one or more sensors, functional materials, and structural materials. The functional materials include magnetic conductive materials, insulating materials, and heat dissipation materials. The structural materials include one or more of silicon steel sheets, electrical steel, titanium alloys, aluminum alloys, stainless steel, engineering plastics, carbon fiber composite materials, and chopped fiber composite materials.

2. The stacked toothed coil winding based on interlayer phase according to claim 1, characterized in that... The coil winding is an axial flux coil winding. m toothed coil rotating units of the same size are stacked after each rotating by a mechanical angle of 2π / (pm). The base plane projection of the center point of all coil teeth is evenly distributed on the circumference centered on the geometric center of the coil winding.

3. The stacked toothed coil winding based on interlayer phase according to claim 1, characterized in that... The coil winding is a radial flux coil winding. The m toothed coil rotating units with gradually decreasing radial radius are nested and stacked, each rotating by a mechanical angle of 2π / (pm). The center points of all the coil teeth are projected onto the central axis of the coil winding and converge to a single point.

4. The stacked toothed coil winding based on interlayer phase according to claim 1, characterized in that... The coil winding is a linear motor coil winding. The same size m toothed coil offset units are stacked after each offset by 2d / m. The base plane projection of the center point of all coil teeth is evenly distributed on the straight line connecting the center points of the coil winding teeth.

5. The stacked toothed coil winding based on interlayer phase according to claim 1, characterized in that... The coil winding is formed by winding wire, and the gaps between the convex or concave teeth of the toothed wire are embedded with a stacked silicon steel sheet or soft magnetic composite die-cast iron core and heat dissipation pipes; the stacked silicon steel sheet or soft magnetic composite die-cast iron core is provided with fixing holes, the included angle between the fixing holes is a mechanical angle of 2π / (pm) or the distance between the phases is 2d / m, and the heat dissipation pipe is provided with connecting holes, the included angle between the connecting holes of the heat dissipation pipe is a mechanical angle of 2π / (pm) or the distance between the phases is 2d / m.

6. The stacked toothed coil winding based on interlayer phase according to claim 1, characterized in that... Magnetic or temperature sensors are embedded in the gaps between the inner and outer teeth of the toothed coil winding to monitor the magnetic field or coil temperature in real time and feed the data back to the control system.

7. The stacked toothed coil winding based on interlayer phase according to claim 1, characterized in that... The coil windings are manufactured using PCBs or additive manufacturing technology, or by winding with wire.

8. The stacked toothed coil winding based on interlayer phase according to claim 1, characterized in that... By short-circuiting the output terminals of each phase of the stacked coil winding, a squirrel-cage equivalent rotor of the asynchronous motor is formed.

9. A method for designing a stacked toothed coil rotary motor winding, applicable to the stacked toothed coil winding based on interlayer phase as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that... The steps for designing a coil winding are as follows: 1) Clearly define the coil windings Z, m, p, and n; 2) Calculate the number of teeth, effective side number Z / m, parallel number Z / (2pm), and slot occupancy angle 2π / Z of the toothed coil; 3) Design the toothed coil structure based on the number of teeth, effective sides, number of parallel connections, slot occupancy angle parameters, and characteristics of the toothed coil, and stack the toothed coils to form an n-layer toothed coil rotating unit; 4) After rotating m n-layer toothed coil rotating units sequentially by an angle of 2π / (pm), they are stacked to form an m-phase 2p pole nm-layer coil winding.

10. A method for designing a stacked toothed coil linear motor winding, applicable to the stacked toothed coil winding based on interlayer phase as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that... The steps for designing a coil winding are as follows: 1) Clearly define the coil winding parameters Z, m, p, d, and n; 2) Calculate the number of teeth, effective side number Z / m, number of parallel connections Z / (2pm), and slot pitch 2dp / Z of the toothed coil; 3) Design the toothed coil structure based on the number of teeth, effective sides, number of parallel connections, slot pitch parameters, and characteristics of the toothed coil, and stack the toothed coils to form n layers of toothed coil offset units; 4) After offsetting m n-layer toothed coil offset units by a distance of 2d / m in sequence, they are stacked to form an m-phase 2p pole nm-layer coil winding.

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