A charging pile with a self-locking anti-falling direct-current charging gun

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of charging pile, and specifically discloses a charging pile with a self-locking anti-falling direct-current charging gun, which comprises a charging pile body, a charging gun and a cable, the charging gun comprises a shell and a locking arm, a self-locking mechanism and a protection mechanism are arranged in the charging gun, the self-locking mechanism comprises a sliding sleeve, a sliding block and a connecting piece, the locking arm is provided with a locking part and an unlocking part, the protection mechanism comprises a movable block, a return spring and an overload spring, and the cable has a length redundancy reserved in the charging gun; the self-weight of the cable drives the displacement of the sliding sleeve, drives the sliding block to move to the lower side of the locking arm to form physical support, realizes self-locking, prevents poor contact, drives the sliding block to pass through the locking part and forcibly triggers the unlocking of the locking arm when overload tension such as vehicle sliding is encountered, and cooperates with the overload spring to push the charging gun to automatically separate; the present application solves the problems that the charging gun is prone to loosening due to cable dragging and cannot automatically trip in danger, and realizes the unity of rigid safety and flexible protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of charging pile technology, and specifically to a charging pile equipped with a self-locking anti-drop DC charging gun. Background Technology

[0002] As a core energy replenishment infrastructure for new energy vehicles, the construction speed and technological level of electric vehicle charging piles directly affect the development prospects of the entire industry. Among the many charging methods, DC fast charging, with its advantages of high power and fast charging speed, has become the mainstream configuration in public charging networks and highway service areas. However, in order to withstand a continuous current of hundreds of amperes and effectively control temperature rise, modern DC charging cables typically use large-section copper cores and integrate liquid-cooled circulation pipes and thick insulating shielding layers, significantly increasing their weight per unit length. This heavy cable presents a severe challenge to the mechanical connection between the charging gun and the vehicle socket in actual use. Chinese patent document CN221519320U discloses a locking device for a charging gun in a new energy charging pile, comprising a fixing component, a groove component, a locking component, a telescopic component, a side connecting component, and a control component. The fixing component has a side connecting component on one side for stable locking of the charging gun, a groove component on the other side, a locking component above the groove component, a telescopic component below the groove component, and a control component on one side of the groove component. By incorporating multiple locking methods in the new energy charging pile charging gun locking device, the charging gun is initially fixed and then further secured and locked using electronic control. This allows for stable locking of the charging gun even after accidental activation of a mechanical switch, preventing it from falling and being damaged.

[0003] While the aforementioned locking device can prevent the charging gun from falling and being damaged to some extent, the following problems still exist: First, this locking device only serves to hold the charging gun in place and cannot generate active clamping force. Under the long-term drag of the heavy cable, a slight relative displacement or sinking will still occur between the gun tip terminal and the vehicle socket, i.e., a loose connection, which will lead to increased contact resistance, abnormal heating, or even burning of the interface. Second, this locking device is a rigid lock. When an accident occurs, such as the driver forgetting to remove the charging gun and starting the vehicle directly, or the vehicle's brakes failing and causing the vehicle to roll away, the cable will be subjected to a tensile force of thousands of Newtons. Since the locking device will not automatically disengage, the huge tensile force will directly act on the charging pile and the vehicle socket, causing the charging pile to be uprooted or the charging socket on the vehicle to be torn, resulting in economic losses and safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a charging station with a self-locking anti-drop DC charging gun, aiming to solve the problems in related technologies where charging guns cannot eliminate the loose connection caused by cable gravity and cannot automatically trip in case of danger when facing heavy cables and complex outdoor stress environments.

[0005] A charging pile with a self-locking anti-drop DC charging gun includes a charging pile body, a charging gun and a cable. The charging gun includes a shell and a locking arm, and a self-locking mechanism and a protective mechanism are provided inside the charging gun. The self-locking mechanism includes a sliding sleeve that is slidably installed in a groove at the rear of the housing, a slider located next to the locking arm, and a connector connecting the two. The locking arm is provided with a locking part and an unlocking part. The cable is fixedly passed through the sliding sleeve, and the cable located inside the housing has a length redundancy. The protective mechanism includes a movable block that slides within a groove, and a return spring and an overload spring connected in series. The return spring connects the sliding sleeve to the movable block, and the overload spring connects the movable block to the outer shell. The stiffness of the overload spring is much greater than that of the return spring. When the cable is subjected to its own weight or a small amount of tension, the sliding sleeve compresses the return spring, causing displacement. This displacement drives the slider to move to the locking part through the connector and forms a physical support, thus achieving self-locking. When subjected to overload tension, the return spring is compressed to its limit, pushing the movable block to compress the overload spring. This causes the slider to pass over the locking part and trigger the unlocking part, driving the locking arm to unlock. Then, the overload spring releases its stored energy, pushing the outer shell to move and achieving automatic disengagement of the charging gun.

[0006] Its effects are as follows: This invention resolves the contradiction between connection reliability under cable weight and equipment safety under extreme tension by setting up an interconnected self-locking mechanism and a protective mechanism. First, by using a design that fixes the cable through the sliding sleeve and provides redundant length, the cable's weight or slight external tension is converted into a displacement driving force for the sliding sleeve. This force, through the connector, moves the slider to the locking part to form physical support, thereby utilizing the cable's gravity to achieve adaptive mechanical self-locking and solve the problem of loose interfaces. Second, by setting a series of return springs and overload springs with significantly different stiffnesses, a graded mechanical response mechanism is constructed. When encountering overload tension such as vehicle slippage, the protective mechanism can automatically identify and bypass the locked state, using the slider to abut against the unlocking part to force the locking arm to unlock, and using the stored force of the overload spring to push the charging gun to separate from the vehicle socket, greatly reducing the risk of damage to the vehicle and charging station caused by accidents.

[0007] Preferably, the locking part is located on the lower surface of the locking arm, and the lower end has two continuously arranged inclined surfaces, one and two. Inclined surface one is located in front of inclined surface two, and the inclination angle of inclined surface one relative to the horizontal plane is smaller than that of inclined surface two relative to the horizontal plane. When the cable is only subjected to its own weight or slight tension, the slider moves and abuts against inclined surface one, using inclined surface one to provide initial support for the locking arm. When the cable is subjected to a larger external force, the slider moves and abuts against inclined surface two, using a larger inclination angle to further push and tighten the locking arm upwards. The effect is that by setting continuous inclined surfaces one and two with increasing inclination angles on the lower surface of the locking part, a graded enhancement of the locking effect is achieved. When only subjected to its own weight, the slider stays on the small-angle inclined surface one, providing basic support; when subjected to accidental pulling, the slider slides into the large-angle inclined surface two, generating a greater vertical tightening force. The greater the pulling force, the tighter the lock, effectively preventing the gun head from vibrating and falling off due to human contact.

[0008] Preferably, an elastic reset member is provided between the locking arm and the inner wall of the housing to keep the locking arm in a locked state. The unlocking part is located on the upper surface of the locking arm, and the front end of the unlocking part has an inclined surface. When the slider passes the locking part under the action of overload tension, the inner top wall of the slider abuts against the inclined surface, pushing the locking arm to move downward, forcing the elastic reset member to deform and store force, thereby putting the charging gun in an unlocked state.

[0009] Preferably, a sliding boss is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve near the front end. The sliding sleeve slides with the sliding boss through the sliding boss. A fixed boss is fixedly provided in the sliding groove near the rear end. The movable block is located between the sliding boss and the fixed boss. A return spring is connected between the sliding boss and the movable block. An overload spring is connected between the movable block and the fixed boss.

[0010] Preferably, the protective mechanism further includes a first telescopic rod and a second telescopic rod. The first telescopic rod is connected between the sliding boss and the movable block, and the return spring is sleeved on the outside of the first telescopic rod. The second telescopic rod is connected between the movable block and the fixed boss, and the overload spring is sleeved on the outside of the second telescopic rod. The effect is that by adding the first and second telescopic rods, not only is a guiding function provided to prevent lateral buckling of the spring during compression, but the mutual abutment at the end of the telescopic rods' stroke also achieves mechanical limiting. This ensures that after the return spring is compressed to the predetermined stroke, the sliding sleeve and the movable block can form a rigid connection, thereby ensuring that the overload force can be accurately and without damage transmitted to the overload spring, improving the accuracy of threshold judgment.

[0011] Preferably, the slider has a ring-shaped structure and is movably fitted around the outer periphery of the locking arm. Several rollers are provided on the inner side of the slider, allowing it to roll against the outer surface of the locking arm via these rollers. The housing contains guide grooves for the slider to slide along the length of the locking arm. The effect is that the ring-shaped structure and internal rollers of the slider convert the sliding friction between the slider and the locking arm surface into rolling friction, significantly reducing transmission resistance.

[0012] Preferably, an elastic reset component 2 is also provided between the slider and the housing. When the tension of the cable disappears or the sliding sleeve resets, the elastic reset component 2 is used to drive the slider to slide and reset along the guide groove to the front end, thereby releasing the limit on the locking arm.

[0013] Preferably, the length of the redundant extended cable inside the housing is greater than the maximum stroke of the sliding sleeve within the groove. The effect is that by limiting the length of the redundant extended cable inside to be greater than the maximum stroke of the sliding sleeve, the cable connection points inside will not be subjected to any mechanical pulling regardless of how the sliding sleeve moves, thus eliminating the fire hazard caused by internal wire breakage or poor contact due to cable stress.

[0014] Preferably, a steering wheel is rotatably mounted at the rear end of the guide groove, and the connecting piece is made of flexible material. One end of the connecting piece is connected to the slider, and the other end passes around the steering wheel and is connected to the sliding sleeve. The effect is that by using the steering wheel in conjunction with the flexible connecting piece, the transmission problem of the narrow internal space and winding path of the gun body is cleverly solved, the wear of the connecting piece at the corner is greatly reduced, and the smooth force transmission and long-term durability of the self-locking mechanism are ensured.

[0015] Preferably, the rear end of the outer casing is provided with an elastic bellows. One end of the elastic bellows is sealed to the rear end of the outer casing, and the other end is sealed to the rear end of the sliding sleeve. The elastic bellows can expand and contract with the axial displacement of the sliding sleeve to cover the sliding gap between the sliding sleeve and the outer casing. The effect is that the elastic bellows expands and contracts with the sliding sleeve, always covering the sliding gap, achieving dynamic sealing protection during the sliding sleeve's displacement, effectively preventing rainwater and sand from entering the gun body, and extending the product's service life.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention features a self-locking mechanism. By using a cable that is fixed through the sliding sleeve and has a reserved length redundancy, the cable's own weight or slight external tension can be converted into a displacement driving force for the sliding sleeve. This force, through the connector, moves the slider to the locking part of the locking arm to form physical support, thus achieving adaptive mechanical self-locking by using the cable's gravity to solve interface loosening. The continuous inclined surfaces one and two at the lower end of the locking part provide basic support when only subjected to its own weight, and generate a greater vertical clamping force when subjected to external pulling force, achieving graded enhancement of the locking effect. This effectively prevents micro-movement wear and arcing caused by vibration or human touch, significantly improving the connection stability of high-power DC charging.

[0017] 2. This invention is equipped with a protective mechanism. By connecting a reset spring and an overload spring with significantly different stiffnesses in series, a precise graded mechanical response mechanism is constructed. When encountering overload tension, it can automatically identify and break through the locked state, allowing the slider to pass over the locking part and abut against the unlocking part, converting horizontal kinetic energy into vertical pressure, forcing the locking arm to unlock, and using the stored force of the overload spring to release the outer shell and separate it from the vehicle socket. This achieves a perfect unity of rigid locking and flexible protection, ensuring reliable connection while protecting the vehicle socket and charging pile body from structural damage to the greatest extent. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the charging gun of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the outer shell and the locking arm of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the charging gun of the present invention cut along its longitudinal direction.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the protective mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the shell of the present invention cut longitudinally.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the locking arm and the slider of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the locking arm of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the slider of the present invention in its initial position.

[0027] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the slider of the present invention when it is located in the locking part.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the slider of the present invention when it is located in the unlocking part.

[0029] Figure label: 1. Charging pile body; 2. Charging gun; 21. Outer shell; 211. Slide groove; 212. Fixed boss; 213. Guide groove; 22. Plug-in terminal; 23. Locking arm; 231. Locking head; 232. Pressing part; 24. Locking part; 25. Unlocking part; 3. Cable; 41. Sliding sleeve; 411. Sliding boss; 42. Slider; 421. Roller; 43. Connector; 44. Steering wheel; 51. Movable block; 52. Return spring; 53. Overload spring; 54. Telescopic rod one; 55. Telescopic rod two. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] like Figures 1-11 As shown, a charging station with a self-locking anti-drop DC charging gun includes a charging station body 1, a charging gun 2, and a cable 3. The charging gun 2 is internally equipped with a self-locking mechanism and a protective mechanism triggered by the tension of the cable 3.

[0032] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the charging pile body 1, serving as the load-bearing frame and energy supply unit of the entire device, is typically made of high-strength steel plate through welding or casting, possessing sufficient rigidity and stability to resist stress generated during long-term outdoor use and accidental pulling. The charging gun 2 mainly consists of a housing 21, a plug-in terminal 22, and a locking arm 23. The housing 21, serving as the load-bearing frame of the entire charging gun 2, is typically made of high-strength insulating engineering plastic through injection molding. The shape of the housing 21 is not a simple straight cylinder, but rather an ergonomically designed pistol-shaped or elbow-shaped structure with a certain bending angle for easy gripping by the user. The plug-in terminal 22 is rigidly installed at the front opening of the housing 21 for inserting into the vehicle socket to transmit electrical energy. The rear end of the housing 21 is designed as an open inlet port for the cable 3 to pass through. One end of the cable 3 is connected to the power module of the charging pile body 1, and the other end passes through the rear end of the housing 21 and connects to the plug-in terminal 22.

[0033] like Figures 3-6As shown, the locking arm 23 is a long, rigid beam structure. The front end of the locking arm 23 extends out of the outer shell 21, forming a locking head 231, which is used to engage with the slot of the vehicle's connector when it floats upwards. A raised pressing part 232 is located at the top of the rear end of the locking arm 23, protruding from the surface of the outer shell 21 for the user to press with their fingers. Inside the outer shell 21, there is a movement trajectory channel, namely a vertical limiting cavity at the top for accommodating the locking arm 23. This vertical limiting cavity restricts the horizontal displacement of the locking arm 23 relative to the outer shell 21, allowing the locking arm 23 to only perform vertical translational movement relative to the outer shell 21. Between the locking arm 23 and the inner wall of the outer shell 21, there is an elastic reset member (not shown in the figure), which can be a compression spring located below the locking arm 23. In its natural state, the elastic reset member always pushes the locking arm 23 upwards, keeping it in a high position, i.e., the locking head 231 is in a locked state. When the user presses down on the pressing part 232, it overcomes the resistance of the elastic reset member 1, the locking arm 23 descends vertically as a whole, and the locking head 231 disengages from the slot, thus unlocking the device.

[0034] like Figures 4-7 As shown, the self-locking mechanism includes a sliding sleeve 41, a slider 42, and a connecting piece 43 that connects the two. The sliding sleeve 41 is a precision-machined cylindrical part. Its inner hole is rigidly fixed to the outer sheath of the cable 3 through an interference fit or an internal claw structure, ensuring that the axial tension of the cable 3 can be transmitted to the sliding sleeve 41 without damage. The sliding sleeve 41 is installed in a groove 211 integrally injection-molded on the inner wall of the tail of the housing 21. The inner wall of the groove 211 is ground or made of a low-friction coefficient self-lubricating material to ensure that the sliding sleeve 41 can reciprocate with minimal frictional resistance.

[0035] To accommodate the vertically lifting locking arm 23, the slider 42 is designed as a ring-shaped frame structure. The slider 42 is movably fitted around the outside of the locking arm 23 along its length, meaning the locking arm 23 passes through the central cavity of the slider 42. To reduce friction, miniature rollers 421 are installed on the inner top and bottom sides of the slider 42. These rollers 421 are made of high-hardness, self-lubricating engineering plastics or stainless steel precision bearings, transforming the high-friction sliding contact between the slider 42 and the locking arm 23 surface into a low-friction rolling contact, greatly improving the mechanism's responsiveness to changes in tension. A horizontal guide groove 213 is provided on the inner wall of the outer casing 21 corresponding to the position of the slider 42, restricting the slider 42 to move precisely along a preset path and preventing it from deflecting or jamming under force.

[0036] Since the internal space of the charging gun 2 is often bent, the connector 43 is made of a flexible non-elastic material, preferably high-strength nylon. Its two ends are rigidly fixed to the sliding sleeve 41 and the slider 42 by insert injection molding or threaded connection, which can not only adapt to the complex spatial orientation inside the charging gun 2, but also ensure that there is no elastic deformation during the transmission of tensile force.

[0037] Furthermore, at the rear end of the guide groove 213, i.e., at the corner inside the housing 21, a steering wheel 44 is rotatably mounted. One end of the connector 43 is connected to the rear of the slider 42, and the other end passes around the steering wheel 44, extends downward and rearward, and connects to the sliding sleeve 41. Through the reversing action of the steering wheel 44, the backward pulling force of the sliding sleeve 41 is converted into the backward pulling force of the slider 42. At the same time, an elastic reset element two (not shown in the figure) is also connected between the slider 42 and the front end of the housing 21. The elastic reset element two can be a tension spring. When the user manually lifts the cable 3 before pulling out the gun, so that the tension of the cable 3 is completely eliminated, the sliding sleeve 41 returns to its initial position under the push of the reset spring 52, the connector 43 relaxes, and at this time the elastic reset element two can pull the slider 42 back to the front end of the guide groove 213, ensuring that the locking arm 23 is in a pressable free state.

[0038] like Figures 4-11 As shown, the lower end face of the middle part of the locking arm 23 is not flat, but is precisely machined into a locking part 24 with a specific contour. To ensure the smooth movement of the slider 42, the distance between the top roller 421 and the bottom roller 421 of the slider 42 is greater than the sum of the heights of the middle part of the locking arm 23 and the locking part 24. The locking part 24 includes two continuous inclined surfaces: a gentler inclined surface one located on the front side, and a slightly steeper inclined surface two located on the rear side. When the sliding sleeve 41 moves backward along the slide groove 211 under the weight of the cable 3 or the action of external tension, the tension can be transmitted to the slider 42 through the connector 43, causing the slider 42 to move backward along the guide groove 213. Since the locking head 231 is in a locked state at this time, the locking arm 23 and the locking part 24 are kept in a high position, that is, there is space below the locking part 24, and the slider 42 can move directly to the locking part 24, while the roller 421 on its inner bottom wall moves to below the locking part 24. When the roller 421 rolls to the first inclined surface, the slider 42 provides physical support to the locking arm 23, generating a preliminary and stable wedge-shaped self-locking force. This force is sufficient to resist the weight of the cable 3 and prevent the charging gun 2 from shaking. As the external pulling force increases, the slider 42 continues to move backward, and the roller 421 is further pulled to the second inclined surface. Due to the larger wedge angle effect, the slider 42 pushes the locking arm 23 further upward, generating a greater vertical clamping force. This makes the lock tighter the greater the pulling force, effectively preventing the gun head from vibrating and falling off due to human touch.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, to ensure absolute reliability of the electrical connection, the section of cable 3 located inside the housing 21 is not straightened, but rather has a reserved length of S-shaped or Ω-shaped redundancy. The natural unfolded length of this redundant cable 3 is greater than the maximum physical stroke of the sliding sleeve 41 within the sliding groove 211, ensuring that no matter how the sliding sleeve 41 moves back and forth, the copper core terminals inside the cable 3 will not be subjected to any tensile stress, greatly improving the long-term electrical safety of the product.

[0040] To address the sealing issue caused by the movement of the sliding sleeve 41, an elastic bellows (not shown in the figure) is installed at the rear opening of the outer casing 21. One end of the elastic bellows is sealed to the edge of the rear opening of the outer casing 21 using a clamp or injection molding process, while the other end is similarly sealed to the exposed rear portion of the sliding sleeve 41. When the sliding sleeve 41 moves backward under force or moves forward to reset, the elastic bellows expands and contracts accordingly, always covering the sliding gap between the sliding sleeve 41 and the outer casing 21, effectively preventing rainwater and dust from entering the charging gun 2 and extending the equipment's service life.

[0041] like Figures 4-11 As shown, the protective mechanism is located within the slide groove 211 and consists of a movable block 51, a return spring 52, and an overload spring 53. A sliding boss 411 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the slide sleeve 41 near its front end, and the slide sleeve 41 slides in conjunction with the slide groove 211 via the sliding boss 411. A fixed boss 212 is integrally injection-molded within the slide groove 211 near the rear end of the outer shell 21. The movable block 51 is an independent sliding block positioned between the sliding boss 411 and the fixed boss 212, and it can slide freely along the slide groove 211. The return spring 52 is installed between the sliding boss 411 and the movable block 51, and the overload spring 53 is installed between the movable block 51 and the fixed boss 212.

[0042] Furthermore, the stiffness of the return spring 52 is designed to be relatively low. The force required for its complete compression is greater than the friction and damping of the charging gun 2 itself, but less than the weight of the cable 3 when it is suspended in the air during normal use or the pulling force generated by slight human dragging. This means that as long as the charging gun 2 is in operation, the return spring 52 will inevitably be compressed. The stiffness of the overload spring 53 is designed to be extremely high. The force required for its initial compression is much greater than that of the return spring 52. This means that under normal use or ordinary accidental human pulling, the overload spring 53 will not undergo visible deformation due to its enormous stiffness. Only in situations such as vehicle rollaway or driver mistakenly carrying the charging gun can this pulling force be transmitted to the movable block 51, overcoming the enormous resistance of the overload spring 53 and causing it to compress.

[0043] Similarly, the upper surface of the locking arm 23 is not flat, but is precisely machined into an unlocking part 25 with a specific contour. The unlocking part 25 is located above and behind the locking part 24, and its front end is designed as an inclined surface three with a specific angle. When situations such as vehicle rollaway or driver mistakenly carrying a gun occur, the sliding sleeve 41 will move to the end of the slide groove 211 under extreme overload tension, and pull the slider 42 to continue moving backward through the connecting piece 43, so that the roller 421 on the inner bottom wall passes the end of the inclined surface two and no longer provides upward support to the locking arm 23. The locking arm 23 is still kept in a high position under the action of the elastic reset piece one. Simultaneously, the roller 421 on the inner top wall of the slider 42 abuts against the inclined surface three of the unlocking part 25. Since the support below the locking part 24 disappears, the locking arm 23 returns to a freely movable state. The roller 421 on the top of the slider 42 presses against the inclined surface three on the unlocking part 25, utilizing the wedge effect to forcibly convert the horizontal movement of the slider 42 into a vertical downward pressure on the locking arm 23, forcing the locking arm 23 to overcome the resistance of the elastic reset member and move downwards as a whole. The locking head 231 then sinks down, disengaging from the vehicle socket slot, completing the mechanical unlocking. The guide groove 213 has a through-hole at its lower end. The width of the through-hole is smaller than the width of the slider 42 but larger than the width of the locking part 24. When the slider 42 slides within the guide groove 213, it is unaffected by the through-hole. However, when the locking arm 23 moves downwards, the locking part 24 moves downwards through the through-hole, allowing the locking arm 23 to unlock smoothly.

[0044] Therefore, when the cable 3 is only subjected to its own weight or a small tensile force, the sliding sleeve 41 compresses the return spring 52, causing displacement. This displacement drives the slider 42 to move below the locking part 24 via the connector 43, forming a physical support and achieving self-locking. When subjected to overload tension, the return spring 52 is compressed to its limit, which pushes the movable block 51 to compress the overload spring 53, causing the slider 42 to pass over the locking part 24 and abut against the unlocking part 25, driving the locking arm 23 to unlock. At the moment the locking arm 23 unlocks, since the gun head is no longer mechanically locked to the vehicle, the huge reaction force of the overload spring 53 will act on the outer shell 21 of the charging gun 2 through the fixed boss 212, generating a thrust away from the vehicle socket. This thrust is sufficient to overcome the friction between the plug terminal 22 and the vehicle socket, causing the charging gun 2 to quickly and automatically detach from the vehicle socket and fall to the ground, thus avoiding the consequences of the vehicle charging socket being torn or the charging pile body 1 being pulled down.

[0045] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, to prevent the return spring 52 and overload spring 53 from bending laterally during compression, a guide telescopic rod assembly is provided in the slide groove 211. Specifically, telescopic rod one 54 is connected between the sliding boss 411 and the movable block 51, and the return spring 52 is sleeved on the outside of telescopic rod one 54; telescopic rod two 55 is connected between the movable block 51 and the fixed boss 212, and the overload spring 53 is sleeved on the outside of telescopic rod one 54. Telescopic rod one 54 and telescopic rod two 55 not only serve a guiding function but also have a limiting function. For example, telescopic rod one 54 is designed with a mechanical limiting step. When the return spring 52 is compressed to a certain extent, the inner and outer tube walls of telescopic rod one 54 abut against each other. At this time, the slide sleeve 41 and the movable block 51 become a rigid connection, and the subsequent tension will no longer be borne by the return spring 52 but will be directly transmitted to the movable block 51 and the overload spring 53 behind it.

[0046] Based on the above-described device, the working process and working principle of the present invention are as follows: The user removes the charging gun 2 from the charging pile body 1 with one hand and holds the cable 3 with the other, at which point the user's arm bears most of the weight of the cable 3. The sliding sleeve 41, pushed by the return spring 52, is at the front end of the sliding groove 211. At this time, the connecting piece 43 is in a relaxed state. The slider 42, under the action of the elastic return member 2, is at the front end of the guide groove 213, completely not in contact with the locking part 24 of the locking arm 23. The locking arm 23 is in a freely movable state. The user presses the pressing part 232 with their finger to unlock the locking head 231, easily inserting the charging gun 2 into the vehicle's charging socket. After releasing the hand, the locking arm 23 springs back under the action of the elastic return member 1, and the locking head 231 snaps into the slot of the vehicle's socket.

[0047] The user releases their hand to begin the pre-charging process. At this point, the cable 3, previously supported by the arm, hangs down naturally. The weight of the cable 3 acts on the sliding sleeve 41, overcoming the initial resistance of the return spring 52 and pushing the sliding sleeve 41 backward along the groove 211. The displacement of the sliding sleeve 41 instantly tightens the connector 43, and through the guide wheel 44, transmits the pulling force to the slider 42. The slider 42 is pulled backward, and the roller 421 on its inner bottom wall rolls to the locking part 24 below the locking arm 23, stopping on a gently sloping surface. At this moment, the slider 42 physically fills and supports the space between the locking arm 23 and the outer casing 21, preventing the pressing part 232 of the locking arm 23 from being pressed down, thus firmly locking the charging gun 2 and eliminating safety hazards such as loose connections, shaking, and poor contact caused by the weight of the cable 3. After charging is complete, the weight is borne by the handheld cable 3, and the sliding sleeve 41 returns to the front end of the sliding groove 211 under the action of the return spring 52. At the same time, the slider 42 returns to the front end of the guide groove 213 under the action of the elastic return member 2, so that the locking arm 23 returns to a freely movable state. At this time, the user can press the pressing part 232 to unlock the locking arm 23 and unplug the charging gun 2 from the vehicle socket.

[0048] During charging, if a pedestrian accidentally trips over the cable 3 on the ground, or if an external force accidentally drags the cable 3, a relatively large pulling force, much greater than its own weight but not enough to cause damage, will be generated. This pulling force will cause the sliding sleeve 41 to continue moving backward, further compressing the return spring 52. The slider 42 will then be pulled, and the roller 421 on its inner bottom wall will continue to roll backward from the inclined surface one and abut against the inclined surface two, generating a greater vertical pressing force on the locking arm 23. At this time, a reinforced locking state is formed where the greater the pulling force, the tighter the lock, effectively resisting various accidental non-extreme pulls and ensuring that the charging process will not be easily interrupted.

[0049] Assuming the vehicle rolls away, or the driver forgets to remove the gun before starting the vehicle, cable 3 will be subjected to extreme overload tension instantly. First, the sliding sleeve 41 rapidly retracts under the enormous tension, instantly compressing the return spring 52 to its travel limit, triggering the mechanical limit of the telescopic rod 54. At this point, the sliding sleeve 41 and the movable block 51 physically become a rigid unit. Subsequently, the enormous tension acts directly on the movable block 51 through this rigid body, and begins to compress the extremely stiff overload spring 53. With the compression of the overload spring 53, the sliding sleeve 41 and the movable block 51 move backward significantly, and through the connector 43, pull the slider 42 backward, causing it to pass the end of the inclined surface two and simultaneously abut against the inclined surface three at the front end of the unlocking part 25, forcibly pressing down the locking arm 23 and completing the mechanical unlocking. At the moment the locking arm 23 unlocks, the overload spring 53, which has been compressed and stored with elastic potential energy, is released, generating a powerful thrust that propels the entire charging gun 2 outward. This causes the charging gun 2 to detach from the vehicle's charging socket and fall to the ground, thus preventing the vehicle's charging socket from being torn or the charging pile body 1 from being pulled down. Once the charging gun 2 has fallen and the external force has disappeared, all springs automatically reset, and the device returns to its initial standby state.

[0050] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A charging pile with a self-locking anti-drop DC charging gun, comprising a charging pile body (1), a charging gun (2), and a cable (3), wherein the charging gun (2) comprises a housing (21) and a locking arm (23), characterized in that, The charging gun (2) is equipped with a self-locking mechanism and a protective mechanism; The self-locking mechanism includes a sliding sleeve (41) that is slidably installed in a sliding groove (211) at the tail of the housing (21), a slider (42) located on the side of the locking arm (23), and a connector (43) connecting the two. The locking arm (23) is provided with a locking part (24) and an unlocking part (25). The cable (3) is fixedly passed through the sliding sleeve (41), and the cable (3) located inside the housing (21) has a length redundancy. The protective mechanism includes a movable block (51) that slides in the slide groove (211), and a reset spring (52) and an overload spring (53) connected in series. The reset spring (52) connects the slide sleeve (41) and the movable block (51), and the overload spring (53) connects the movable block (51) and the outer shell (21). The stiffness of the overload spring (53) is much greater than that of the reset spring (52). When the cable (3) is subjected to its own weight or a small tension, the sliding sleeve (41) compresses the return spring (52) to generate displacement, which drives the slider (42) to move to the locking part (24) through the connector (43) and forms a physical support, thus achieving self-locking; when subjected to overload tension, the return spring (52) is compressed to the limit state, pushing the movable block (51) to compress the overload spring (53), driving the slider (42) to pass over the locking part (24) and triggering the unlocking part (25), driving the locking arm (23) to unlock, and then the overload spring (53) stores and releases its force to push the outer shell (21) to move, thus achieving automatic disengagement of the charging gun (2); the locking part (24) is located on the lower surface of the locking arm (23), and the lower end has a continuously arranged inclined surface one and inclined surface two. The inclined surface one is located in front of the inclined surface two, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface one relative to the horizontal plane is smaller than the inclination angle of the inclined surface two relative to the horizontal plane. When the cable (3) is only subjected to its own weight or a small tension, the slider (42) moves and abuts against the inclined surface one, using the inclined surface to initially support the locking arm (23). When the cable (3) is subjected to a larger external force, the slider (42) moves and abuts against the inclined surface two, using a larger tilt angle to push the locking arm (23) further upward and tighten it. There is an elastic reset member one between the locking arm (23) and the inner wall of the outer shell (21) for keeping the locking arm (23) locked. The unlocking part (25) is located on the upper surface of the locking arm (23), and the front end of the unlocking part (25) has an inclined surface three. When the slider (42) passes over the locking part (24) under the action of overload tension, the inner top wall of the slider (42) abuts against the inclined surface three, pushing the locking arm (23) to move downward, forcing the elastic reset member one to deform and store force, thereby making the charging gun (2) in the unlocked state.

2. A charging pile with a self-locking anti-drop DC charging gun according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sliding boss (411) is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve (41) near the front end. The sliding sleeve (41) slides and engages with the slide groove (211) through the sliding boss (411). A fixed boss (212) is fixedly provided in the slide groove (211) near the rear end. The movable block (51) is located between the sliding boss (411) and the fixed boss (212). The reset spring (52) is connected between the sliding boss (411) and the movable block (51). The overload spring (53) is connected between the movable block (51) and the fixed boss (212).

3. A charging pile with a self-locking anti-drop DC charging gun according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective mechanism also includes a first telescopic rod (54) and a second telescopic rod (55). The first telescopic rod (54) is connected between the sliding boss (411) and the movable block (51). The return spring (52) is sleeved on the outside of the first telescopic rod (54). The second telescopic rod (55) is connected between the movable block (51) and the fixed boss (212). The overload spring (53) is sleeved on the outside of the second telescopic rod (55).

4. A charging pile with a self-locking anti-drop DC charging gun according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slider (42) has a ring-shaped structure and is movably sleeved on the outer periphery of the locking arm (23). Several rollers (421) are provided on the inner side of the slider (42). The slider (42) rolls and contacts the outer surface of the locking arm (23) through the rollers (421). The inner side of the outer shell (21) is provided with a guide groove (213) for the slider (42) to slide. The guide groove (213) is provided along the length extension direction of the locking arm (23).

5. A charging pile with a self-locking anti-drop DC charging gun according to claim 4, characterized in that, An elastic reset component 2 is also provided between the slider (42) and the outer shell (21). When the tension of the cable (3) disappears or the sliding sleeve (41) is reset, the elastic reset component 2 is used to drive the slider (42) to slide and reset along the guide groove (213) to the front end, thereby releasing the limit on the locking arm (23).

6. A charging pile with a self-locking anti-drop DC charging gun according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the cable (3) located inside the housing (21) is redundantly extended, which is greater than the maximum stroke of the sleeve (41) in the groove (211).

7. A charging pile with a self-locking anti-drop DC charging gun according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rear end of the guide groove (213) is rotatably mounted with a steering wheel (44), and the connector (43) is made of flexible material. One end of the connector (43) is connected to the slider (42), and the other end passes around the steering wheel (44) and is connected to the sliding sleeve (41).

8. A charging pile with a self-locking anti-drop DC charging gun according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail of the outer shell (21) is provided with an elastic bellows. One end of the elastic bellows is sealed to the rear end of the outer shell (21), and the other end is sealed to the rear end of the sliding sleeve (41). The elastic bellows can extend and retract with the axial displacement of the sliding sleeve (41) to cover the sliding gap between the sliding sleeve (41) and the outer shell (21).

Images