A wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment and its preparation method.

Abstract

This invention discloses a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easily de-icing coating for power equipment and its preparation method, relating to the field of coating technology. The wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easily de-icing coating for power equipment comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of waterborne fluorocarbon resin dispersion, 5-15 parts of perfluorosilane surface-modified filler, 3-10 parts of light-absorbing and heat-generating material, 0.5-2 parts of wetting and dispersing agent, 0.2-0.6 parts of defoamer, 0.2-1 part of leveling agent, 0.5-1 part of anti-aging agent, 15-25 parts of deionized water, and 12-20 parts of waterborne isocyanate curing agent. The perfluorosilane surface-modified filler is obtained by modifying a filler with a perfluorosilane coupling agent; the light-absorbing and heat-generating material is a Fe3O4 / C composite material or a Fe3O4 / C composite material further modified with a vinylsilane coupling agent, and then grafted with an amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coating technology, specifically to a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of my country's power grid, especially the rapid development of ultra-high voltage transmission lines, many transmission lines need to traverse complex environments with high humidity and low temperatures, such as high mountains and hills. In winter or early spring, the surfaces of power equipment (conductors, ground wires, insulators, tower components, etc.) in these areas are extremely prone to icing. Icing can directly or indirectly lead to serious accidents, posing a huge threat to the safe and stable operation of the power grid. For example, icing increases the load on power equipment, which in turn causes increased sag and galloping of conductors and ground wires, and cracking and detachment of insulators. Even worse, it can cause serious accidents such as phase-to-phase short circuits, line breaks, and tower collapses, posing a huge threat to the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0003] To address the problem of icing on power equipment, existing technologies are mainly divided into two categories: active de-icing and passive anti-icing. Active de-icing methods primarily include mechanical de-icing and thermal melting; however, these methods have limitations such as high cost, low efficiency, potential damage to power equipment, and the need for power outages, thus limiting their practical application. Passive anti-icing methods mainly involve achieving anti-icing or easy de-icing effects through functional coatings; due to their economic efficiency, convenience, and preventative nature, this method has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of power equipment de-icing.

[0004] Currently, anti-icing strategies based on coating technology mainly include: (1) superhydrophobic coating: constructing micro-nano composite rough structures and modifying low surface energy materials to make the coating surface have extremely high water contact angle and extremely low roll-off angle, thereby achieving anti-icing effect by delaying water droplet freezing and reducing ice adhesion; (2) photothermal / joule thermal coating: adding light-absorbing and heat-generating materials (such as carbon nanomaterials, metal oxides, etc.) to the coating, and actively melting the ice by using the heat generated by sunlight or electric current. However, the above anti-icing strategies all have certain defects, such as: the mechanical durability of superhydrophobic coatings is poor, and they are easily worn and damaged by external forces such as wind, sand, rain, ice and snow, and maintenance. At the same time, their aging resistance is also poor, and they are also easily affected by environmental factors such as ultraviolet rays, temperature, and humidity, thus losing their anti-icing performance; photothermal / joule thermal coatings need to be under strong light conditions to play a strong role, and the dispersion compatibility of light-absorbing and heat-generating materials in resin has not been effectively solved, so their practical application is poor.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies struggle to simultaneously meet the stringent requirements of power equipment for anti-icing coatings in terms of efficiency, durability, abrasion resistance, environmental adaptability, and ease of application. Therefore, to address this issue, this invention provides a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easily de-icing coating for power equipment, along with its preparation method, which has significant implications and application value. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment and its preparation method, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of waterborne fluorocarbon resin dispersion, 5-15 parts of modified filler, 3-10 parts of light-absorbing and heat-generating material, 0.5-2 parts of wetting and dispersing agent, 0.2-0.6 parts of defoamer, 0.2-1 parts of leveling agent, 0.5-1 parts of anti-aging agent, 15-25 parts of deionized water, and 12-20 parts of waterborne isocyanate curing agent.

[0008] Furthermore, the aqueous fluorocarbon resin dispersion is a hydroxyl-type aqueous fluorocarbon resin emulsion with a solid content of 40-50 wt% and a hydroxyl value of 60-80 mg KOH / g.

[0009] Further, the modified filler is prepared by dispersing the filler in an 85-95 wt% ethanol aqueous solution, adding a perfluorosilane coupling agent and acetic acid, refluxing at 50-70°C for 2-4 hours, and then filtering, washing, and drying to obtain the modified filler.

[0010] Furthermore, the ratio of the filler, ethanol aqueous solution, perfluorosilane coupling agent, and acetic acid is (0.8~1.2)g:(10~15)mL:(0.015~0.03)g:(0.005~0.01)g.

[0011] Furthermore, the filler is obtained by mixing and compounding nano-silica, micro-silica, and boron nitride in a mass ratio of (5~6):(3~4):(1~2).

[0012] Furthermore, the particle size of the nano-silica is 10~50nm; the particle size of the micron-sized silica is 1~5μm; and the particle size of the boron nitride is 0.5~3μm.

[0013] Furthermore, the perfluorosilane coupling agent includes, but is not limited to, one or more combinations of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane.

[0014] Further, the preparation method of the light-absorbing and heat-generating material is as follows: (1) Add ferric chloride hexahydrate and sodium acetate to ethylene glycol, ultrasonically disperse for 10-20 min, then transfer the solution to a high-pressure reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, react at 195-205℃ for 8-12 h, and obtain Fe3O4 particles by magnetic separation, washing and vacuum drying; (2) Add Fe3O4 particles and glucose to deionized water, ultrasonically disperse for 10-20 min, then transfer the solution to a high-pressure reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, react at 175-185℃ for 4-8 h, and obtain Fe3O4 / C composite material by magnetic separation, washing and vacuum drying, and use it as a light-absorbing and heat-generating material.

[0015] Furthermore, the ratio of ferric chloride hexahydrate, sodium acetate, and ethylene glycol is (0.8~1.2)g:(2~3)g:(20~30)mL.

[0016] Furthermore, the ratio of Fe3O4 particles, glucose, and deionized water is (0.8~1.2)g:(3~5)g:(70~80)mL.

[0017] Furthermore, the Fe3O4 / C composite material is further modified by a vinyl silane coupling agent, and then grafted with an amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide to obtain a light-absorbing and heat-generating material; the preparation method is as follows: (1) the Fe3O4 / C composite material is dispersed in an 85~95wt% ethanol aqueous solution, a vinyl silane coupling agent and acetic acid are added to it, and the mixture is refluxed at 50~70℃ for 2~4h, filtered, washed and vacuum dried to obtain a vinyl-modified Fe3O4 / C composite material; (2) the vinyl-modified Fe3O4 / C composite material and an amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide are added to tetrahydrofuran, the pH is adjusted to 8~9, and the mixture is stirred at 70~90℃ for 3~6h, filtered, washed and vacuum dried to obtain a light-absorbing and heat-generating material.

[0018] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the Fe3O4 / C composite material, ethanol aqueous solution, vinyl silane coupling agent, and acetic acid is (0.8~1.2)g:(10~15)mL:(0.015~0.03)g:(0.005~0.01)g.

[0019] Furthermore, the vinyl silane coupling agent is any one of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and acrylamidopropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0020] Furthermore, the ratio of the vinyl-modified Fe3O4 / C composite material, the amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide, and the tetrahydrofuran is (0.8~1.2)g:(0.4~0.8)g:(10~20)mL.

[0021] Furthermore, the wetting and dispersing agent is any one of polyether-modified polysiloxane dispersants or polyacrylate ammonium salt dispersants.

[0022] Furthermore, the defoamer is an organosilicon defoamer.

[0023] Furthermore, the leveling agent is a polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane leveling agent.

[0024] Furthermore, the anti-aging agent is obtained by mixing and compounding ultraviolet absorber, light stabilizer and antioxidant in a mass ratio of (2~5):(1~4):(1~3).

[0025] Furthermore, the ultraviolet absorber is any one of benzophenone-based ultraviolet absorbers or benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorbers.

[0026] Furthermore, the light stabilizer is a low-alkalinity hindered amine light stabilizer.

[0027] Furthermore, the antioxidant is obtained by mixing and compounding phenolic antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants in a mass ratio of (5~8):(2~5).

[0028] Furthermore, the water-based isocyanate curing agent has a solid content of 70-80 wt% and an NCO content of 9-18 wt%.

[0029] Furthermore, the preparation method of the wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment includes the following steps: S1: Add the wetting and dispersing agent, defoamer, and anti-aging agent to the deionized water and stir to mix evenly; S2: Add the modified filler and light-absorbing and heat-generating material to the solution obtained in S1, and stir to mix evenly; S3: Add the aqueous fluorocarbon resin dispersion to deionized water and stir to mix evenly; S4: Add the solution obtained in S2 to the solution obtained in S3, stir and mix evenly, then add the leveling agent and continue stirring and mixing evenly. S5: Before construction, add the water-based isocyanate curing agent to the solution obtained in S4, stir and mix evenly to obtain a wear-resistant, anti-icing and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: (1) The present invention selects hydroxyl-type waterborne fluorocarbon resin dispersion and waterborne isocyanate curing agent as the film-forming system of coating; fluorocarbon resin has low surface energy and certain hydrophobicity, which can play a certain role in preventing icing; and the high fluorocarbon bond can effectively resist the influence of ultraviolet rays, temperature, humidity and other environmental factors, making it more suitable for the outdoor service environment of power equipment.

[0031] (2) To enhance the performance of the coating, this invention uses a mixture of nano-silica, micro-silica, and boron nitride as fillers. Nano-silica and micro-silica primarily provide the necessary micro-nano roughness to improve the wear resistance of the coating layer. Their inherent low surface energy, combined with the resin material, further reduces the overall surface energy of the coating layer, preventing increased ice adhesion due to high filler surface energy during wear. Boron nitride primarily enhances the thermal conductivity of the coating layer, allowing the heat generated by current transmission in the conductor and the heat obtained from subsequent light absorption conversion to be better transferred to the coating surface, thus clearing ice buildup. By limiting the particle size of nano-silica, micro-silica, and boron nitride, the design achieves better dense filling, improving the smoothness and density of the subsequent coating, thereby enhancing coating performance. Furthermore, the addition of fillers can also enhance the anti-aging properties of the coating to some extent. Finally, this invention further uses a perfluorosilane coupling agent to modify the filler, introducing perfluoro segments on the filler surface. On the one hand, this can enhance the dispersion performance of the filler in the resin, and on the other hand, it can further reduce the surface energy of the coating and enhance the anti-icing performance.

[0032] (3) The Fe3O4 / C composite material prepared in this invention is used as a heat-absorbing and light-emitting material. It has excellent photothermal conversion ability and can play a role in light absorption to promote ice melting or inhibit ice formation when applied in coatings. In order to improve the applicability of Fe3O4 / C composite material, this invention uses a vinyl silane coupling agent to modify and graft Fe3O4 / C composite material, introduces vinyl groups on its surface, and then grafts end-amino hyperbranched polyamides on its surface through Michael addition reaction to modify Fe3O4 / C composite material accordingly. Due to the introduction of hyperbranched polyamide segments on its surface, the dispersibility of Fe3O4 / C composite material in coating is enhanced, and the amide groups of polyamide can form hydrogen bonds with fluorocarbon resin, which helps to improve the interfacial bonding ability between the two. At the same time, the amino groups remaining on the subsequent light-absorbing and heat-emitting material can further react with isocyanate-based curing agents to anchor the light-absorbing and heat-emitting material in the coating. Although the introduction of hyperbranched polyamide segments reduces the hydrophobicity of the coating to some extent, it enhances the dispersion of the heat-absorbing and heat-generating material, allowing it to better function in the coating by absorbing light and promoting ice melting or inhibiting ice formation. Furthermore, the heat-absorbing and heat-generating material also possesses a certain degree of UV protection.

[0033] (4) The present invention incorporates relevant additives, each of which is adapted to the water-based system and can improve the workability and service life of the coating; the present invention selects a combination of ultraviolet absorber, light stabilizer and antioxidant as an anti-aging agent, and the three work together to play an anti-aging role.

[0034] (5) The wear-resistant, anti-icing and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment prepared by the present invention uses water as the dispersion medium, has low VOC content, meets environmental protection requirements, is packaged in two components, is stable in storage, and has a simple construction process.

[0035] In summary, this invention modifies the fluorocarbon resin film-forming system by modifying fillers, light-absorbing and heat-generating materials, and related additives to obtain a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easily de-icing coating for power equipment. This coating not only prevents icing due to its low surface energy but also promotes melting or inhibits icing through light absorption by the light-absorbing and heat-generating materials. Furthermore, the cured coating exhibits excellent wear resistance and aging resistance, making it more suitable for the outdoor service environment of power equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a SEM image of the Fe3O4 / C composite material. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that the following quantities are by weight, and there are no special restrictions on the suppliers of all raw materials involved in this invention. Exemplary examples include: In the following embodiments, Ti3C2T x MXene, catalog number 924962; nano silica, particle size 20~30nm; micro silica, particle size 3~4μm; boron nitride, particle size 1~2μm; all purchased from Merck. Graphene oxide, single layer, sheet diameter <10μm, thickness 10nm, purchased from Shanghai Buwei Applied Materials Technology Co., Ltd. N101 type amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide, purchased from Hyperbranched Resin Technology Co., Ltd. YPWF-3202A type waterborne fluorocarbon resin dispersion, with a solid content of 45wt% and a hydroxyl value of 60mgKOH / g, was purchased from Kaiyin Chemical Co., Ltd. TSI-316 polyether-modified polysiloxane wetting and dispersing agent was purchased from Tuoxin Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. SGR 1830 silicone defoamer, purchased from Aokai Chemical Co., Ltd. BYK-333 polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane leveling agent was purchased from BYK Additives (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. S-208 type water-based isocyanate curing agent, with a solid content of 80wt% and an NCO content of 16.3±2wt%, was purchased from Shiquanxing New Material Technology Co., Ltd.; all other raw materials were commercially available; each part by weight is 10g.

[0039] Preliminary preparations: 1. Nano-silica, micro-silica, and boron nitride are mixed and compounded in a mass ratio of 5.5:3.5:1.5 to obtain the filler; 2. (1) Antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are mixed and compounded in a mass ratio of 6.5:3.5 to obtain an antioxidant; (2) UV-531 ultraviolet absorber, UV-123 light stabilizer and antioxidant are mixed and compounded in a mass ratio of 3.5:2.5:2 to obtain an anti-aging agent.

[0040] Example 1: A method for preparing a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment: 1. Preparation of modified filler: The filler was dispersed in a 90wt% ethanol aqueous solution, and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane and acetic acid were added. The mixture was refluxed at 60℃ for 3 hours. After filtration, washing, and drying, the modified filler was obtained. The ratio of filler, ethanol aqueous solution, perfluorosilane coupling agent, and acetic acid was 1g:12.5mL:0.0225g:0.0075g. 2. Preparation of light-absorbing and heat-generating material (Fe3O4 composite material): (1) Add ferric chloride hexahydrate and sodium acetate to ethylene glycol, disperse ultrasonically for 15 min, and then transfer the solution to a high-pressure reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene. React at 200℃ for 10 h, and obtain Fe3O4 particles by magnetic separation, washing and vacuum drying. The ratio of ferric chloride hexahydrate, sodium acetate and ethylene glycol is 1 g: 2.5 g: 25 mL. (2) Add Fe3O4 particles and glucose to deionized water, disperse ultrasonically for 15 min, and then transfer the solution to a high-pressure reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene. React at 180℃ for 6 h, and obtain Fe3O4 / C composite material by magnetic separation, washing and vacuum drying. Use it as light-absorbing and heat-generating material. The ratio of Fe3O4 particles, glucose and deionized water is 1 g: 4 g: 75 mL. 3. Preparation of wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coatings for power equipment: S1: Take 10 parts of deionized water, add 1.25 parts of TSI-316 type polyether modified polysiloxane wetting and dispersing agent, 0.4 parts of SGR 1830 type organosilicon defoamer, and 0.75 parts of anti-aging agent, and stir and mix at 600 r / min for 15 min. S2: Add 10 parts of modified filler and 8 parts of light-absorbing and heat-generating material to the solution obtained in S1, and stir and mix at a speed of 1200 r / min for 30 min; S3: Add 50 parts of YPWF-3202A type waterborne fluorocarbon resin dispersion to 10 parts of deionized water and stir at 600 r / min for 15 min. S4: Add the solution obtained in S2 to the solution obtained in S3, stir and mix at 1200 r / min for 20 min, then add 0.6 parts of BYK-333 type polyether modified polydimethylsiloxane leveling agent, and continue stirring and mixing for 10 min; S5: Before construction, add 16 parts of S-208 type water-based isocyanate curing agent to the solution obtained in S4, and stir and mix at a speed of 600r / min for 15min to obtain wear-resistant, anti-icing and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment.

[0041] Example 2: A method for preparing a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment: Example 2 is based on Example 1, with the following adjustments: the Fe3O4 / C composite material is further modified with a vinyl silane coupling agent, and then grafted with amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide. Other processes remain unchanged. Specifically: 1. Preparation of modified filler: The filler was dispersed in a 90wt% ethanol aqueous solution, and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane and acetic acid were added. The mixture was refluxed at 60℃ for 3 hours. After filtration, washing, and drying, the modified filler was obtained. The ratio of filler, ethanol aqueous solution, perfluorosilane coupling agent, and acetic acid was 1g:12.5mL:0.0225g:0.0075g. 2. Preparation of light-absorbing and heat-generating materials: (1) Add ferric chloride hexahydrate and sodium acetate to ethylene glycol, ultrasonically disperse for 15 min, then transfer the solution to a high-pressure reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, react at 200℃ for 10 h, and obtain Fe3O4 particles by magnetic separation, washing and vacuum drying, wherein the ratio of ferric chloride hexahydrate, sodium acetate and ethylene glycol is 1 g: 2.5 g: 25 mL; (2) Add Fe3O4 particles and glucose to deionized water, ultrasonically disperse for 15 min, then transfer the solution to a high-pressure reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, react at 180℃ for 6 h, and obtain Fe3O4 / C composite material by magnetic separation, washing and vacuum drying, wherein the ratio of Fe3O4 particles, glucose and deionized water is 1 g: 4 g: 75 mL; (3) Disperse the Fe3O4 / C composite material Add methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and acetic acid to a 90wt% ethanol aqueous solution, reflux at 60℃ for 3h, filter, wash and vacuum dry to obtain vinyl-modified Fe3O4 / C composite material, wherein the mass ratio of Fe3O4 / C composite material, ethanol aqueous solution, vinyl silane coupling agent and acetic acid is 1g:12.5mL:0.0225g:0.0075g; (4) Add vinyl-modified Fe3O4 / C composite material and amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide to tetrahydrofuran, adjust pH to 8.5, stir and react at 80℃ for 4.5h, filter, wash and vacuum dry to obtain light-absorbing and heat-generating material, wherein the ratio of vinyl-modified Fe3O4 / C composite material, amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide and tetrahydrofuran is 1g:0.6g:15mL; 3. Preparation of wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coatings for power equipment: S1: Take 10 parts of deionized water, add 1.25 parts of TSI-316 type polyether modified polysiloxane wetting and dispersing agent, 0.4 parts of SGR 1830 type organosilicon defoamer, and 0.75 parts of anti-aging agent, and stir and mix at 600 r / min for 15 min. S2: Add 10 parts of modified filler and 8 parts of light-absorbing and heat-generating material to the solution obtained in S1, and stir and mix at a speed of 1200 r / min for 30 min; S3: Add 50 parts of YPWF-3202A type waterborne fluorocarbon resin dispersion to 10 parts of deionized water and stir at 600 r / min for 15 min. S4: Add the solution obtained in S2 to the solution obtained in S3, stir and mix at 1200 r / min for 20 min, then add 0.6 parts of BYK-333 type polyether modified polydimethylsiloxane leveling agent, and continue stirring and mixing for 10 min; S5: Before construction, add 16 parts of S-208 type water-based isocyanate curing agent to the solution obtained in S4, and stir and mix at a speed of 600r / min for 15min to obtain wear-resistant, anti-icing and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment.

[0042] Example 3: A method for preparing a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment: Example 3 is based on Example 2, with adjustments made to the following: the amount of raw material components in the wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment; other processes remain unchanged, as follows: 1. Preparation of modified filler: The filler was dispersed in a 90wt% ethanol aqueous solution, and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane and acetic acid were added. The mixture was refluxed at 60℃ for 3 hours. After filtration, washing, and drying, the modified filler was obtained. The ratio of filler, ethanol aqueous solution, perfluorosilane coupling agent, and acetic acid was 1g:12.5mL:0.0225g:0.0075g. 2. Preparation of light-absorbing and heat-generating materials: (1) Add ferric chloride hexahydrate and sodium acetate to ethylene glycol, ultrasonically disperse for 15 min, then transfer the solution to a high-pressure reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, react at 200℃ for 10 h, and obtain Fe3O4 particles by magnetic separation, washing and vacuum drying, wherein the ratio of ferric chloride hexahydrate, sodium acetate and ethylene glycol is 1 g: 2.5 g: 25 mL; (2) Add Fe3O4 particles and glucose to deionized water, ultrasonically disperse for 15 min, then transfer the solution to a high-pressure reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, react at 180℃ for 6 h, and obtain Fe3O4 / C composite material by magnetic separation, washing and vacuum drying, wherein the ratio of Fe3O4 particles, glucose and deionized water is 1 g: 4 g: 75 mL; (3) Disperse the Fe3O4 / C composite material Add methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and acetic acid to a 90wt% ethanol aqueous solution, reflux at 60℃ for 3h, filter, wash and vacuum dry to obtain vinyl-modified Fe3O4 / C composite material, wherein the mass ratio of Fe3O4 / C composite material, ethanol aqueous solution, vinyl silane coupling agent and acetic acid is 1g:12.5mL:0.0225g:0.0075g; (4) Add vinyl-modified Fe3O4 / C composite material and amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide to tetrahydrofuran, adjust pH to 8.5, stir and react at 80℃ for 4.5h, filter, wash and vacuum dry to obtain light-absorbing and heat-generating material, wherein the ratio of vinyl-modified Fe3O4 / C composite material, amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide and tetrahydrofuran is 1g:0.6g:15mL; 3. Preparation of wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coatings for power equipment: S1: Take 7.5 parts of deionized water, add 0.5 parts of TSI-316 type polyether modified polysiloxane wetting and dispersing agent, 0.2 parts of SGR 1830 type organosilicon defoamer, and 0.5 parts of anti-aging agent to it, and stir and mix at 600 r / min for 15 min; S2: Add 5 parts of modified filler and 3 parts of light-absorbing and heat-generating material to the solution obtained in S1, and stir and mix at a speed of 1200 r / min for 30 min; S3: Add 40 parts of YPWF-3202A type waterborne fluorocarbon resin dispersion to 7.5 parts of deionized water and stir at 600 r / min for 15 min; S4: Add the solution obtained in S2 to the solution obtained in S3, stir and mix at 1200 r / min for 20 min, then add 0.2 parts of BYK-333 type polyether modified polydimethylsiloxane leveling agent, and continue stirring and mixing for 10 min; S5: Before construction, add 12 parts of S-208 type water-based isocyanate curing agent to the solution obtained in S4, and stir and mix at a speed of 600r / min for 15min to obtain wear-resistant, anti-icing and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment.

[0043] Example 4: A method for preparing a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment: Example 4 is based on Example 2, with adjustments made to the following: the amount of raw material components in the wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment; other processes remain unchanged, as follows: 1. Preparation of modified filler: The filler was dispersed in a 90wt% ethanol aqueous solution, and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane and acetic acid were added. The mixture was refluxed at 60℃ for 3 hours. After filtration, washing, and drying, the modified filler was obtained. The ratio of filler, ethanol aqueous solution, perfluorosilane coupling agent, and acetic acid was 1g:12.5mL:0.0225g:0.0075g. 2. Preparation of light-absorbing and heat-generating materials: (1) Add ferric chloride hexahydrate and sodium acetate to ethylene glycol, ultrasonically disperse for 15 min, then transfer the solution to a high-pressure reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, react at 200℃ for 10 h, and obtain Fe3O4 particles by magnetic separation, washing and vacuum drying, wherein the ratio of ferric chloride hexahydrate, sodium acetate and ethylene glycol is 1 g: 2.5 g: 25 mL; (2) Add Fe3O4 particles and glucose to deionized water, ultrasonically disperse for 15 min, then transfer the solution to a high-pressure reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, react at 180℃ for 6 h, and obtain Fe3O4 / C composite material by magnetic separation, washing and vacuum drying, wherein the ratio of Fe3O4 particles, glucose and deionized water is 1 g: 4 g: 75 mL; (3) Disperse the Fe3O4 / C composite material Add methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and acetic acid to a 90wt% ethanol aqueous solution, reflux at 60℃ for 3h, filter, wash and vacuum dry to obtain vinyl-modified Fe3O4 / C composite material, wherein the mass ratio of Fe3O4 / C composite material, ethanol aqueous solution, vinyl silane coupling agent and acetic acid is 1g:12.5mL:0.0225g:0.0075g; (4) Add vinyl-modified Fe3O4 / C composite material and amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide to tetrahydrofuran, adjust pH to 8.5, stir and react at 80℃ for 4.5h, filter, wash and vacuum dry to obtain light-absorbing and heat-generating material, wherein the ratio of vinyl-modified Fe3O4 / C composite material, amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide and tetrahydrofuran is 1g:0.6g:15mL; 3. Preparation of wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coatings for power equipment: S1: Take 12.5 parts of deionized water, add 2 parts of TSI-316 type polyether modified polysiloxane wetting and dispersing agent, 0.6 parts of SGR 1830 type organosilicon defoamer, and 1 part of anti-aging agent, and stir and mix at 600 r / min for 15 min. S2: Add 15 parts of modified filler and 10 parts of light-absorbing and heat-generating material to the solution obtained in S1, and stir and mix at a speed of 1200 r / min for 30 min; S3: Add 60 parts of YPWF-3202A type waterborne fluorocarbon resin dispersion to 12.5 parts of deionized water and stir at 600 r / min for 15 min; S4: Add the solution obtained in S2 to the solution obtained in S3, stir and mix at 1200 r / min for 20 min, then add 1 part of BYK-333 type polyether modified polydimethylsiloxane leveling agent, and continue stirring and mixing for 10 min; S5: Before construction, add 20 parts of S-208 type water-based isocyanate curing agent to the solution obtained in S4, and stir and mix at a speed of 600r / min for 15min to obtain wear-resistant, anti-icing and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment.

[0044] The following is a control experiment based on Example 2, with comparative examples 1 to 6, as detailed below: Comparative Example 1: Comparative Example 1 is based on Example 2, with the following adjustment: only single nano-silica is used as the filler, while other processes remain unchanged, as follows: A method for preparing a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment: 1. Preparation of modified filler: Nano-silica was dispersed in a 90wt% ethanol aqueous solution, and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane and acetic acid were added. The mixture was refluxed at 60℃ for 3h, and after filtration, washing and drying, the modified filler was obtained. The ratio of nano-silica, ethanol aqueous solution, perfluorosilane coupling agent and acetic acid was 1g:12.5mL:0.0225g:0.0075g.

[0045] Comparative Example 2: Comparative Example 2 is based on Example 2, with the following adjustment: no modification treatment is performed on the filler, and other processes remain unchanged, as follows: A method for preparing a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment: 3. Preparation of wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coatings for power equipment: S1: Take 10 parts of deionized water, add 1.25 parts of TSI-316 type polyether modified polysiloxane wetting and dispersing agent, 0.4 parts of SGR 1830 type organosilicon defoamer, and 0.75 parts of anti-aging agent, and stir and mix at 600 r / min for 15 min. S2: Add 10 parts of filler and 8 parts of light-absorbing and heat-generating material to the solution obtained in S1, and stir and mix at a speed of 1200 r / min for 30 min; S3: Add 50 parts of YPWF-3202A type waterborne fluorocarbon resin dispersion to 10 parts of deionized water and stir at 600 r / min for 15 min. S4: Add the solution obtained in S2 to the solution obtained in S3, stir and mix at 1200 r / min for 20 min, then add 0.6 parts of BYK-333 type polyether modified polydimethylsiloxane leveling agent, and continue stirring and mixing for 10 min; S5: Before construction, add 16 parts of S-208 type water-based isocyanate curing agent to the solution obtained in S4, and stir and mix at a speed of 600r / min for 15min to obtain wear-resistant, anti-icing and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment.

[0046] Comparative Example 3: Comparative Example 3 is based on Example 2, with the following adjustment: no modified filler was added, while other processes remained unchanged, as follows: A method for preparing a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment: 3. Preparation of wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coatings for power equipment: S1: Take 10 parts of deionized water, add 1.25 parts of TSI-316 type polyether modified polysiloxane wetting and dispersing agent, 0.4 parts of SGR 1830 type organosilicon defoamer, and 0.75 parts of anti-aging agent, and stir and mix at 600 r / min for 15 min. S2: Add 8 portions of light-absorbing and heat-generating material to the solution obtained in S1, and stir and mix at a speed of 1200 r / min for 30 min; S3: Add 50 parts of YPWF-3202A type waterborne fluorocarbon resin dispersion to 10 parts of deionized water and stir at 600 r / min for 15 min. S4: Add the solution obtained in S2 to the solution obtained in S3, stir and mix at 1200 r / min for 20 min, then add 0.6 parts of BYK-333 type polyether modified polydimethylsiloxane leveling agent, and continue stirring and mixing for 10 min; S5: Before construction, add 16 parts of S-208 type water-based isocyanate curing agent to the solution obtained in S4, and stir and mix at a speed of 600r / min for 15min to obtain wear-resistant, anti-icing and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment.

[0047] Comparative Example 4: Comparative Example 4 is based on Example 2, with the following adjustment: no light-absorbing and heat-generating material is added, while other processes remain unchanged, as follows: A method for preparing a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment: 3. Preparation of wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coatings for power equipment: S1: Take 10 parts of deionized water, add 1.25 parts of TSI-316 type polyether modified polysiloxane wetting and dispersing agent, 0.4 parts of SGR 1830 type organosilicon defoamer, and 0.75 parts of anti-aging agent, and stir and mix at 600 r / min for 15 min. S2: Add 10 parts of modified filler to the solution obtained in S1 and stir and mix at 1200 r / min for 30 min; S3: Add 50 parts of YPWF-3202A type waterborne fluorocarbon resin dispersion to 10 parts of deionized water and stir at 600 r / min for 15 min. S4: Add the solution obtained in S2 to the solution obtained in S3, stir and mix at 1200 r / min for 20 min, then add 0.6 parts of BYK-333 type polyether modified polydimethylsiloxane leveling agent, and continue stirring and mixing for 10 min; S5: Before construction, add 16 parts of S-208 type water-based isocyanate curing agent to the solution obtained in S4, and stir and mix at a speed of 600r / min for 15min to obtain wear-resistant, anti-icing and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment.

[0048] Comparative Example 5: Comparative Example 5 is based on Example 2, with the following adjustment: no anti-aging agent is added, while other processes remain unchanged, as follows: A method for preparing a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment: 3. Preparation of wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coatings for power equipment: S1: Take 10 parts of deionized water, add 1.25 parts of TSI-316 type polyether modified polysiloxane wetting and dispersing agent and 0.4 parts of SGR 1830 type organosilicon defoamer to it, and stir and mix at 600 r / min for 15 min. S2: Add 10 parts of modified filler and 8 parts of light-absorbing and heat-generating material to the solution obtained in S1, and stir and mix at a speed of 1200 r / min for 30 min; S3: Add 50 parts of YPWF-3202A type waterborne fluorocarbon resin dispersion to 10 parts of deionized water and stir at 600 r / min for 15 min. S4: Add the solution obtained in S2 to the solution obtained in S3, stir and mix at 1200 r / min for 20 min, then add 0.6 parts of BYK-333 type polyether modified polydimethylsiloxane leveling agent, and continue stirring and mixing for 10 min; S5: Before construction, add 16 parts of S-208 type water-based isocyanate curing agent to the solution obtained in S4, and stir and mix at a speed of 600r / min for 15min to obtain wear-resistant, anti-icing and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment.

[0049] Comparative Example 6: Comparative Example 6 is based on Example 2, with the following adjustments: no modified filler, light-absorbing and heat-generating material, and anti-aging agent were added, while other processes remained unchanged, as detailed below: A method for preparing a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment: 3. Preparation of wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coatings for power equipment: S1: Take 10 parts of deionized water, add 1.25 parts of TSI-316 type polyether modified polysiloxane wetting and dispersing agent and 0.4 parts of SGR 1830 type organosilicon defoamer to it, and stir and mix at 600 r / min for 15 min. S2: Add 50 parts of YPWF-3202A type waterborne fluorocarbon resin dispersion to 10 parts of deionized water and stir at 600 r / min for 15 min. S3: Add the solution obtained in S1 to the solution obtained in S2, stir and mix at 1200 r / min for 20 min, then add 0.6 parts of BYK-333 type polyether modified polydimethylsiloxane leveling agent, and continue stirring and mixing for 10 min; S4: Before construction, add 16 parts of S-208 water-based isocyanate curing agent to the solution obtained in S4, and stir and mix at a speed of 600 r / min for 15 min to obtain wear-resistant, anti-icing and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment.

[0050] Performance testing: The wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coatings for power equipment prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were applied to the sandblasted aluminum plate surface. The surface roughness of the aluminum plate was Ra=3.2±0.1μm. The coatings were dried and cured at 60℃ for 12h, with a dry film thickness of 80μm. The following performance tests were then performed on the coatings: 1. Hydrophobic properties: The water contact angle of the aluminum plate coating is tested according to GB / T 30693-2014 standard; if the water contact angle is >90°, it exhibits hydrophobicity. 2. Anti-icing performance: According to the standard T / CEC 184-2018, artificial ice was applied to the surface of the aluminum plate coating at -6℃, and then the shear strength of the ice was tested at a tensile speed of 50mm / min. 3. Wear resistance: According to GB / T 1768-2006 standard, using CS-10 grinding wheel, the aluminum plate coating surface was run for 1000r under a load of 1000g, and the hydrophobicity and anti-icing performance were tested. 4. Photothermal temperature rise: A solar simulator is used, with a power output of 1kW / m². 2 The power density was used to irradiate the aluminum plate coating surface for 10 minutes, and the temperature change was detected. 5. Aging resistance: Uses Type I UVA-340 fluorescent ultraviolet lamps at 0.51W / m 2 The aluminum plate coating was irradiated at 65℃ and 50% relative humidity for 6 hours, and then treated without irradiation at 65℃ and 50% relative humidity for 4 hours. This was repeated as one cycle. After 100 cycles, the hydrophobicity and anti-icing performance were tested.

[0051] Table 1

[0052] Results Analysis: As can be seen from the data in Table 1 above, this invention modifies the fluorocarbon resin film-forming system by modifying fillers and light-absorbing and heat-generating materials, and comprehensively prepares a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment with excellent anti-icing performance, as well as excellent wear resistance and anti-aging properties.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment, characterized in that: The raw material components include the following parts by weight: 40-60 parts of waterborne fluorocarbon resin dispersion, 5-15 parts of perfluorosilane surface-modified filler, 3-10 parts of light-absorbing and heat-generating material, 0.5-2 parts of wetting and dispersing agent, 0.2-0.6 parts of defoamer, 0.2-1 part of leveling agent, 0.5-1 part of anti-aging agent, 15-25 parts of deionized water, and 12-20 parts of waterborne isocyanate curing agent; the light-absorbing and heat-generating material includes Fe3O4 / C composite material; The preparation method of the perfluorosilane surface-modified filler is as follows: the filler is dispersed in an ethanol aqueous solution, a perfluorosilane coupling agent and acetic acid are added to it, and the reaction is carried out to obtain the modified filler; The filler is obtained by mixing and compounding nano-silica, micron-silica, and boron nitride in a mass ratio of (5~6):(3~4):(1~2); The nano-silica has a particle size of 10~50nm; the micron-sized silica has a particle size of 1~5μm; and the boron nitride has a particle size of 0.5~3μm.

2. The wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the Fe3O4 / C composite material is as follows: ferric chloride hexahydrate and sodium acetate are added to ethylene glycol and subjected to hydrothermal reaction to obtain Fe3O4 particles; Fe3O4 particles and glucose are added to deionized water and subjected to secondary hydrothermal reaction to obtain Fe3O4 / C composite material, which is used as a light-absorbing and heat-generating material.

3. The wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratio of ferric chloride hexahydrate, sodium acetate, and ethylene glycol is (0.8~1.2)g:(2~3)g:(20~30)mL; the ratio of Fe3O4 particles, glucose, and deionized water is (0.8~1.2)g:(3~5)g:(70~80)mL.

4. The wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Fe3O4 / C composite material is further modified by a vinyl silane coupling agent, and then grafted with an amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide to obtain a light-absorbing and heat-generating material. The preparation method is as follows: (1) The Fe3O4 / C composite material is dispersed in an ethanol aqueous solution, and a vinyl silane coupling agent and acetic acid are added to it. The reaction is carried out to obtain a vinyl-modified Fe3O4 / C composite material; (2) The vinyl-modified Fe3O4 / C composite material and the amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide are added to tetrahydrofuran, the pH is adjusted to 8-9, and the reaction is carried out to obtain a light-absorbing and heat-generating material.

5. The wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the Fe3O4 / C composite material, ethanol aqueous solution, vinyl silane coupling agent, and acetic acid is (0.8~1.2)g:(10~15)mL:(0.015~0.03)g:(0.005~0.01)g; the ratio of the vinyl-modified Fe3O4 / C composite material, amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamide, and tetrahydrofuran is (0.8~1.2)g:(0.4~0.8)g:(10~20)mL.

6. The wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the filler, ethanol aqueous solution, perfluorosilane coupling agent, and acetic acid is (0.8~1.2)g:(10~15)mL:(0.015~0.03)g:(0.005~0.01)g.

7. The wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aqueous fluorocarbon resin dispersion is a hydroxyl-type aqueous fluorocarbon resin emulsion with a solid content of 40-50 wt% and a hydroxyl value of 60-80 mg KOH / g; the aqueous isocyanate curing agent has a solid content of 70-80 wt% and an NCO content of 9-18 wt%.

8. A method for preparing a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easily de-icing coating for power equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Add the wetting and dispersing agent, defoamer, and anti-aging agent to the deionized water and stir to mix evenly; S2: Add the modified filler and light-absorbing and heat-generating material to the solution obtained in S1, and stir to mix evenly; S3: Add the aqueous fluorocarbon resin dispersion to deionized water and stir to mix evenly; S4: Add the solution obtained in S2 to the solution obtained in S3, stir and mix evenly, then add the leveling agent and continue stirring and mixing evenly. S5: Add the water-based isocyanate curing agent to the solution obtained in S4, stir and mix evenly to obtain a wear-resistant, anti-icing, and easy-to-remove coating for power equipment.

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