A geological body monitoring method for the entire grouting process based on the theory of effective sedimentation.

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for monitoring geological bodies throughout the grouting process based on the effective sedimentation theory, comprising the following steps: S1, measuring the baseline permeability of the section to be grouted; S2, recording the actual construction data during the grouting process and processing it into effective construction data that can be used for calculation; S3, calculating the adaptability coefficient of the grout material based on the stable section data in the effective construction data, which is used to characterize the adaptability level of the grout material to the formation; S4, calculating the real-time apparent permeability, and outputting the corrected real-time apparent permeability. This invention can achieve online inversion and continuous output of permeability, is suitable for complex working conditions, and has stability and interpretability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of monitoring and quality evaluation of grouting construction process in geotechnical engineering, and in particular to a method for monitoring geological bodies throughout the grouting process based on the theory of effective sedimentation. This method converts real-time grouting construction data into formation permeability to achieve continuous measurement of permeability and real-time characterization of the geological body state during the grouting process. Background Technology

[0002] Curtain grouting is a crucial process in the seepage prevention system of water conservancy, hydropower, and underground engineering, directly affecting the seepage prevention effect and operational safety of dam foundations, underground caverns, and tunnels. With the expansion of project scale and the increasing complexity of geological conditions, the grouting target has gradually shifted from relatively homogeneous fractured rock masses to complex media jointly controlled by fractures, weak interlayers, karst channels, and stress disturbances. This results in a larger number of borehole segments, more frequent grouting cycles, and more frequent changes in grout type, significantly increasing the nonlinearity and uncertainty of the construction process. Against this backdrop, although continuous construction data such as pressure, flow rate, and water-cement ratio can be obtained on-site, these process variables do not have a stable correspondence with the evolution of the formation's permeability structure. Influenced by the coupling effects of fracture connectivity, aperture distribution, surrounding rock stress state, and groundwater conditions, the construction data exhibits strong time-varying characteristics. Simply relying on indirect indicators such as pressure, flow rate, injection volume, or pressure stabilization time is insufficient to stably reflect the changes in the true permeability of the formation and the seepage prevention effect.

[0003] Current construction control often relies on empirical thresholds and indirect criteria for process management, such as using pressure stabilization time, changes in grout absorption, grout stop flow rate, or pressure upper limit as the basis for grout changes and grouting cessation. While this method is feasible when empirical conditions are sufficient and the geology is relatively uniform, it essentially substitutes observable process quantities for the target seepage prevention quantity. The core indicator for seepage prevention design and acceptance is usually the target permeability, but the lack of a stable, interpretable, and online-calcifiable correspondence between process indicators and the target permeability leads to two typical problems under complex geological conditions or multi-level water-cement ratio grout changes. First, the process is controllable but the effect is unclear; even when apparent indicators such as pressure and flow rate meet empirical criteria, whether permeability meets seepage prevention standards cannot be confirmed during grouting. Second, feedback on the effect is delayed; often, it is necessary to rely on post-grouting inspection holes or random water pressure tests to discover substandard sections, leading to re-grouting, rework, and project delays, and even leaving long-term leakage risks. Especially in areas with strong permeability or karst development, process indicators may show apparent convergence but insufficient deep improvement. If there is a lack of real-time identification of permeability evolution, the best treatment window may be missed.

[0004] Furthermore, the geological conditions vary significantly across different engineering sections, exhibiting strong heterogeneity in fracture size and connectivity, groundwater dynamics, distribution of weak interlayers, and surrounding rock stress environment. While a single, fixed grouting strategy may be highly efficient in areas with favorable geology, it could pose risks in areas with poor geology or well-developed permeable channels. Excessive pressurization may induce fracture widening or grout cross-contamination, causing the diffusion path to deviate from the design and increasing seepage channels; premature concentration may lead to blockage near the borehole, resulting in inefficient grouting that only seals the opening without achieving sufficient depth; and overly conservative grouting variation and grouting cessation strategies may result in insufficient injection and inadequate improvement, affecting the curtain's continuity and seepage prevention level. Therefore, grouting process control needs to shift from fixed threshold-driven approaches to real-time monitoring and adaptive adjustment centered on the target permeability rate, enabling differentiated and interpretable decision-making for construction strategies under different geological conditions.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a geological monitoring method for the entire curtain grouting process, which can be used to establish online permeability monitoring results without significantly increasing the burden of field testing. This would generate an evaluation quantity that directly corresponds to the seepage prevention standard, and based on this, adaptive construction control suggestions for different geological conditions could be made, thereby improving the verifiability of grouting quality and construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved One of the technical problems that this invention aims to solve is the deficiency of existing grouting monitoring methods, which rely solely on discrete pre-grouting and post-grouting tests and cannot continuously characterize the evolution of geological body states.

[0007] Another technical problem that this invention aims to solve is that under complex working conditions such as multi-level water-cement ratios, slurry rheology, and injection rejection stages, the systematic deviation of permeability inversion is too high, the risk of misjudgment is too great, and it is impossible to provide a basis for state judgment and early warning that can be used for rapid on-site response.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a method for monitoring geological bodies throughout the grouting process based on the theory of effective sedimentation. The method includes the following steps: S1. Measure the baseline permeability of the section to be grouted; S2. Record the actual construction data during the grouting process and process it into valid construction data that can be used for calculation. S3. Calculate the adaptability coefficient of the grout material based on the stable section data in the effective construction data. This coefficient is used to characterize the adaptability level of the grout material to the formation. S4. Calculate the real-time apparent permeability during actual grouting construction, and output the corrected real-time apparent permeability.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S3 includes: S3.1 Calculate the grout penetration rate of the stable section based on the effective construction data. The grout penetration rate refers to the value measured by a water pressure test using grout as the medium. S3.2 Calculate the kinematic viscosity of the slurry in the stable section based on the effective construction data; S3.3. For the grout permeability of the stable section, the kinematic viscosity ratio of the grout and water is used for correction to obtain the apparent permeability of the stable section. S3.4 Calculate the adaptability coefficient based on the apparent permeability of the stable section and the reference permeability.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3.3, the slurry permeability of the stable section is converted into the apparent water permeability of the stable section using the following formula: , in L wg0 The apparent permeability of the stable section, L g0 For the slurry penetration rate of the stable section, n w The kinematic viscosity of water, n g0 The kinematic viscosity of the slurry in the stable section is given by the subscript. g Indicates slurry, subscript g0 This indicates the slurry in the stable section.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3.4, the fitness coefficient is calculated by the following formula: ,in AC The adaptability coefficient of the slurry material. L wg0 The apparent permeability of the stable section calculated in step S3.3 is... L w The baseline permeability is calculated in step S1.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S4 includes: S4.1 Calculate the real-time apparent permeability during actual grouting construction; S4.2, Correct the real-time apparent permeability for residual permeability and initial viscosity; S4.3 Output the corrected real-time apparent permeability as the real-time permeability.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4.1, the first step is to calculate the effective construction data provided in step S2. t Slurry penetration rate at any given time: , c g ( t )= r g ( t )· g’ ,in, L g ( t ) is the first t The rate of slurry penetration at any given time. P g ( t ) is the first t Grouting pressure at all times Q g ( t ) is the first t slurry flow rate at any given time r g ( t ) is the first t The density of the slurry at that moment, L The length of the grouting hole section, subscript g Indicates slurry, g’ Represents gravitational acceleration; Then perform kinematic viscosity ratio conversion to obtain the first... t Apparent permeability at time: ,in, L wg ( t ) is the first t Apparent permeability at time, n g ( t ) is the first t The kinematic viscosity of the slurry at any given time.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4.2, the residual permeability is corrected using the following formula: L wr ( t )= L wg ( t )+ L r ,in, L wr ( t () is the residual permeability after correction t Apparent permeability at any time L r Residual permeability, L r =(1- AC )L w .

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4.2, the initial viscosity force is corrected using the following formula: L real ( t )= L wr ( t ) ·R ( r g ( t )), in, L real ( t The real-time apparent permeability is the result of initial viscoelasticity correction. R ( r g ( t )) is a multiplier function.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multiplier function R ( r g ( t This can be obtained through the following steps: Several borehole sections were selected in the grouting test area, and the permeability of the corresponding inspection boreholes was given as a reference permeability after grouting. L ref and take L wr ( t Post-irrigation permeability L wr ( t end Calculate the multiplier ratio: , Will Ratio With the corresponding r g ( t The standard samples were composed, and statistical analysis was performed by grouping them according to the water-cement ratio and then fitting the data. R ( r g ( t ).

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4.3, the real-time permeability curve is output. L real ( t When ), synchronously output intermediate values. L wg ( t )、L wr ( t ).

[0018] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: Firstly, without increasing the frequency of additional in-situ tests, the permeability can be online inverted and continuously output using only the pressure, flow rate, and grout density information readily available at the grouting construction site.

[0019] Secondly, by introducing a material adaptability coefficient AC The residual permeability term and viscosity correction improve the applicability and stability under common and complex working conditions such as insufficient grouting material entry capacity, grout rejection, and thick grout rheology.

[0020] Third, the output results have clear engineering meaning, can provide interpretable quantitative basis for pitch change, pressurization, pitch cessation and abnormal handling, and can be easily deployed in software. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the overall process of monitoring geological bodies during the grouting process based on the effective sedimentation theory of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of grouting data recorded in real time during grouting of a certain borehole section, as shown in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of step S3 of the geological body monitoring method for the entire grouting process based on the effective sedimentation theory of the present invention, which calculates the adaptability coefficient of the grout material based on the stable section data in the effective construction data.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of step S4 of the geological body monitoring method for the entire grouting process based on the effective sedimentation theory of the present invention, which calculates the real-time apparent permeability during actual grouting construction and outputs the result after correcting the real-time apparent permeability according to the residual permeability and the initial viscosity.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the magnification error of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a permeability monitoring interface according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the spatial distribution of porous segments according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a geological body monitoring method for the entire grouting process based on the effective sedimentation theory. The effective sedimentation theory posits that not all grout entering the formation during grouting contributes to the reduction in permeability. Only the portion of grout that forms a continuous filling, impediment, or blockage effect in the seepage channel, through solid-phase deposition, causes a reduction in the effective cross-section of the channel, leading to a decrease in equivalent permeability and ultimately a continuous decrease in the permeability of the pore section. The portion that does not form effective filling or is only briefly retained before being washed away has a limited contribution to the decrease in permeability. Based on this theory, this invention considers the decrease in permeability as the grouting project progresses as an external manifestation of the gradual weakening of the effective capacity of the seepage channel. Real-time construction data such as pressure, flow rate, and grout mix ratio during the grouting process are converted into monitoring results under the equivalent pressure water test to reflect the changing trend of the channel's effective capacity.

[0029] Based on this, the present invention establishes a pre-grouting benchmark and introduces mechanisms such as residual permeability correction and viscosity correction during the grouting process, enabling real-time monitoring results to maintain stable engineering meaning under different geological conditions and multi-stage grouting variations. Therefore, the present invention can output the evolution curve of permeability in real time during grouting construction, characterizing the change in the permeability state of the geological body as the grouting process progresses, and providing quantitative basis for construction process control and software applications. Specifically, the method of the present invention includes the following steps: S1. Measure the baseline permeability of the section to be grouted.

[0030] The first aspect of this invention is the establishment of a pre-grouting benchmark model, which is used for pre-grouting quality assessment and serves as the starting point for real-time monitoring curves during subsequent grouting. Since pressure test data typically includes records of pressure and flow rates changing over time, this invention preferably selects test records from the pressure stabilization phase as valid test data to reduce the impact of start-stop transients and short-term fluctuations on the benchmark.

[0031] Specifically, before grouting begins, this invention conducts a water pressure test on the target borehole section to obtain the test pressure and flow rate during the pressure stabilization phase. Combined with basic information such as borehole length, the baseline permeability parameters of the borehole section are calculated to form the pre-grouting baseline permeability rate. Preferably, before step S1, this invention also includes a borehole section basic information filing step, whereby the borehole length, borehole number, test conditions, and data acquisition conditions, along with the water pressure test results, are written into the borehole section ledger and the intelligent grouting software to ensure the traceability and verifiability of subsequent real-time calculations.

[0032] S2. Record the actual construction data during the grouting process and process it into valid construction data that can be used for calculation.

[0033] The second aspect of this invention establishes a real-time data acquisition and preprocessing model. This model is used to record pressure data, flow data, and water-cement ratio data generated during grouting construction in real time, and to synchronize, clean, and identify effective segments of the recorded data, outputting effective construction data that can be used for real-time calculation.

[0034] Specifically, during the grouting process, various sensors and the mixing system continuously output multi-channel data. Different channels have different sampling frequencies and timestamp deviations, and may contain noise, missing values, and abnormal jumps. To ensure the stability and reliability of subsequent monitoring results, this invention preferably performs time alignment on the multi-channel data, mapping the data uniformly onto the same time axis, and removing obviously unreasonable data points.

[0035] Furthermore, the present invention preferably uses 5 minutes after the grouting data screening and alignment as the effective time window required for calculation.

[0036] S3. Calculate the adaptability coefficient of the grout material based on the stable section data in the effective construction data. This coefficient is used to characterize the adaptability level of the grout material to the formation.

[0037] In a third aspect, the present invention establishes a material compatibility calculation model, which is used to calculate a material adaptability index based on the effective construction data output in step S2. This index is used to characterize the adaptability level between the current grout material and the formation.

[0038] Specifically, this invention argues that under the same formation conditions, different water-cement ratios and rheological properties of the grout can alter its ability to penetrate fractures and diffuse, thus affecting the accuracy of real-time monitoring results. When inappropriate grouting materials are used, the method described in this invention is not applicable. To enhance the interpretability of subsequent monitoring, this invention selects data from a stable section in the early stages of grouting as a representative sample of the material-formation interaction. Based on this representative sample, the adaptability coefficient of the grout material is calculated to reflect the degree of matching between the current material system and the formation conditions of that borehole section.

[0039] It should be noted that the adaptability coefficient of the slurry material in this invention is only used as input for material compatibility characterization and subsequent correction, and is not the final output. This invention uses this index to enable subsequent monitoring to not only provide permeability evolution results, but also to provide an explanation of the material compatibility leading to these evolution results, thereby improving the interpretability and engineering usability of process monitoring.

[0040] S4. Calculate the real-time apparent permeability during actual grouting construction, and output the corrected real-time apparent permeability.

[0041] The fourth aspect of this invention establishes a joint permeability correction model, which is used to form apparent monitoring results based on the effective construction data output in step S2, and introduces residual permeability correction and viscosity correction throughout the entire process to obtain real-time monitoring results that can characterize the evolution of the true permeability of the formation.

[0042] Specifically, monitoring results during the grouting process are affected by a variety of factors. On the one hand, insufficient material compatibility can restrict the entry and diffusion of grout, causing the apparent results obtained directly from construction data to deviate from the actual changes in the formation. On the other hand, even as grouting continues, there may still be micro-channels or groutable channels in the formation that have not been entered by the grout. Their contribution constitutes a persistent residual permeability, so the monitoring results should not be misjudged as approaching zero throughout the process. In addition, during the multi-stage grouting or thickening stages, the rheology and seepage state of the grout change, and a systematic ratio deviation may occur between the apparent monitoring results and the actual permeability.

[0043] Therefore, the present invention preferably introduces a residual permeability correction term throughout the entire process to ensure that the monitoring results remain at a reasonable lower limit at any stage; finally, a viscosity correction relationship is established to unify the scale of monitoring results when grouting with different water-cement ratios, so that system deviations under conditions such as thick grout can be compensated.

[0044] Preferably, the viscosity correction relationship can be calibrated based on historical engineering data or sampling data. That is, a ratio mapping between the apparent monitoring results and the reference results is established at several representative borehole sections or representative moments, and this mapping is used for real-time correction during the online phase, thereby improving the accuracy and consistency of the real-time monitoring results.

[0045] The invention outputs real-time monitoring results and their evolution curves over time, and uses the monitoring results for geological body state characterization and construction process control. At the same time, the method is integrated into intelligent grouting software to achieve real-time visualization and report output.

[0046] Specifically, during the online phase, the invention outputs at least the real-time permeability evolution curve of the pore section, key node information, and prompts related to material compatibility. It can also simultaneously output intermediate monitoring data for interpretation, meeting the needs of engineering verification and traceability. Based on the real-time monitoring results, on-site personnel can determine whether the formation permeability is continuously decreasing, whether it is approaching the target requirements, and the impact of different process adjustments on the monitoring results during construction. This avoids the problems of controllable processes but unclear effects and delayed feedback caused by relying solely on indirect indicators such as pressure, flow rate, and injection volume.

[0047] Furthermore, the present invention can embed the above-mentioned real-time monitoring method into intelligent grouting software to form an integrated application. The software can access field data in real time, dynamically display permeability curves and pore segment information, provide trend interpretation and report export functions, and form a spatial distribution display at the multi-pore segment level for the overall quality management of the curtain wall.

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the overall process of geological body monitoring during the grouting process based on the effective sedimentation theory of this invention. Figure 1 As shown, embodiments of the present invention include the following steps: S1. Measure the baseline permeability of the section to be grouted.

[0050] In step S1, a pre-grouting benchmark model is established, and this model is used to determine the benchmark permeability of a certain section of hole to be grouted. L w .

[0051] Specifically, a water pressure test is conducted on the section of the grouting hole before the curtain grouting begins, and the test pressure during the pressure stabilization phase is recorded. P w Test flow rate Q w The length of the hole segment is obtained from the hole segment ledger. L To reduce the impact of start-stop transients, it is preferable to use the average value during the voltage stabilization phase as a representative value.

[0052] Baseline permeability L w In this invention, the "reference benchmark" is calculated in one step S1 and remains unchanged throughout the entire process. Specifically, it is calculated using the following formula: , in c w The specific weight of water (can be taken according to the unified value of the project). The calculated baseline permeability. L w Stored in the borehole segment information, and used in S3 to calculate the adaptability coefficient of the slurry material. AC .

[0053] S2. Record the actual construction data during the grouting process and process it into valid construction data that can be used for calculation.

[0054] In S2, a real-time data acquisition and preprocessing model is established to obtain actual construction data during the grouting process and process it into effective construction data that can be used for calculation.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of grouting data recorded in real time during grouting of a certain borehole section, as shown in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 Figures (a), (b), and (c) show the grouting pressure, respectively. P g ( t ), slurry flow rate Q g ( t The data includes the changes in water-cement ratio over time. It should be noted that the above data are specific examples of actual construction data for this invention. In other embodiments, the actual construction data can also be other data generated during the grouting process. In this embodiment, the core actual construction data collected in real time includes grouting pressure. P g ( t ), slurry flow rate Q g ( t The data includes the water-cement ratio of the slurry, and the water-cement ratio data includes the slurry density. r g ( t ).

[0056] To ensure that multi-channel data from the same time period can be used for the same set of formula calculations, it is preferable to first perform time synchronization and quality control: P g ( t ), Q g ( t ), r g ( t Align the data to a unified time grid based on timestamps, remove or correct obviously unreasonable data points, and start considering data as valid once pressure and flow have stabilized.

[0057] S3. Calculate the adaptability coefficient of the grout material based on the stable section data in the effective construction data.

[0058] In step S3, a material compatibility calculation model is established, and the compatibility coefficient is calculated from the data of the initial stable section of grouting. AC The AC It is only used to characterize the adaptability of slurry materials to the formation.

[0059] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of sub-step S3 of the geological body monitoring method for the entire grouting process based on the effective sedimentation theory of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the calculation order of step S3 is as follows: first, obtain the representative value of the apparent permeability of the stable section based on the effective construction data within the stable section. Lwg0 Then compare with the pre-irrigation baseline permeability. L w Compared to obtaining the fitness coefficient AC .

[0060] S3.1 Calculate the grout penetration rate of the stable section based on the effective construction data.

[0061] First, use the stable segment as a representative value. P g0 , Q g0 Calculate the grout penetration rate of the stable section. L g0：

[0062] ,

[0063] in c g0 The density of the slurry in the stabilized section is given. If a densitometer is available on site, the density of the slurry in the stabilized section can be measured directly. r g0 The subsequent steps can be handled by c g0 = r g0 · g’ The subscript is obtained by conversion. g Indicates slurry, subscript g0 Indicates the slurry in the stable section. g’ This is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0064] S3.2 Calculate the kinematic viscosity of the slurry in the stable section based on the effective construction data.

[0065] First, obtain the grout density from the stable section data in the valid construction data. r g0 Convert the slurry density to solid volume fraction Ф: ,

[0066] in r L This is the density of the liquid phase (water). r S This refers to the solid density (cement particles).

[0067] Then, the ratio of the dynamic viscosity to the hydrodynamic viscosity of the slurry is estimated using the Krieger–Dougherty viscosity model: , where Φ m The maximum bulk volume fraction of the slurry, [ or [ ] represents the Einstein coefficient of the suspension system. m g The dynamic viscosity of the slurry is expressed in Pa·s. m w The dynamic viscosity of water (Pa·s) Finally, the kinematic viscosity of the slurry is calculated from the dynamic viscosity and the density of the slurry: ,

[0068] Obtain the kinematic viscosity of the slurry in the stable section. n g0 .

[0069] S3.3. For the slurry permeability of the stable section, the kinematic viscosity ratio of the slurry and water is used for correction to obtain the apparent permeability of the stable section.

[0070] When converting the slurry permeability of the stable section to the apparent permeability of the stable section under the meaning of the equivalent pressure test, it is done by using a kinematic viscosity ratio correction method: ,

[0071] in n w The kinematic viscosity of water, n g0 This refers to the kinematic viscosity of the grout used during grouting of the stable section. L g0 Slurry permeability in the stable section L wg0 The apparent permeability of the stable section.

[0072] The purpose of this conversion is to convert the flow difference between cement grout and water into a comparable permeability dimension, so that the grouting data can correspond to the results of water pressure tests on the same scale.

[0073] S3.4 Calculate the adaptability coefficient based on the apparent permeability and reference permeability of the stable section.

[0074] In obtaining L wg0 Then, compared with the benchmark permeability L w The ratio is the adaptability coefficient of the slurry material: ,

[0075] in L w This is derived from step S1 and remains unchanged. Step S3 is now complete. It is important to emphasize the fitness coefficient. AC In this invention, it is only used for material compatibility characterization and is not directly used as a result output.

[0076] Step S4: Calculate the apparent permeability at every moment of the entire grouting process, correct the apparent permeability, and output the real-time permeability.

[0077] Step S4 establishes a joint permeability correction model. Specifically, this model consists of two types of corrections: residual permeability correction and initial viscosity correction.

[0078] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of step S4 in the geological body monitoring method for the entire grouting process based on the effective sedimentation theory of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the overall calculation path for step S4 is as follows: first calculate the apparent permeability. L wg ( t Then, the residual terms are superimposed throughout the entire process to obtain... L wr ( t Finally, multiply by the multiplier function. R ( r g ( t ))get L real ( t ).

[0079] S4.1 Calculate the real-time apparent permeability during actual grouting construction.

[0080] For every point in time during the entire grouting process t Using the valid construction data provided in step S2 P g ( t ), Q g ( t ), r g ( t Calculate the slurry penetration rate: , in c g ( t )= r g ( t )· g’ , Then, the kinematic viscosity ratio is converted to obtain the apparent permeability: , in c g ( t ), n g ( t The method for obtaining ) is the same as for S3, and can be done by pressing Figure 4 The link shown is updated hourly or segmented according to the pitch change stage.

[0081] S4.2. Correct the real-time apparent permeability for residual permeability and initial viscosity.

[0082] S4.2.1 Correcting the real-time apparent permeability for residual permeability. This invention posits that even if the permeability decreases significantly during grouting, residual permeability may still exist due to un-groutable cracks or microchannels. Therefore, residual permeability is introduced. L r To avoid the permeability value being completely zero after grouting, the residual term, after correcting the original theory, yields: L wr ( t )= L wg ( t )+ L r , in, L wr ( t () is the residual permeability after correction t Apparent permeability at time, residual permeability L r =(1- AC ) L w The significance of introducing this throughout the entire process is to avoid the misjudgment of "permeability approaching zero" caused by local blockage or short-term flow at any stage, making the output curve more consistent with engineering reality.

[0083] S4.2.2, Perform initial viscosity correction on the real-time apparent permeability.

[0084] Due to the significant rheological changes in slurry under multi-stage variable slurry and thick slurry conditions, there is a systematic ratio deviation between the apparent permeability and the actual permeability.

[0085] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the magnification error of the present invention, wherein (a) shows the change of water-cement ratio over time, and (b) shows the change of actual permeability and apparent permeability over time. Figure 5 Explains the system's scaling deviation as a function of slurry density r g A phenomenon that increases and intensifies. For example... Figure 5 As shown, according to construction specifications, the density of the cement grout used gradually increases, causing the difference between the apparent permeability and the actual permeability to become increasingly obvious. This error is caused by the rheological properties of the cement grout; cement grouts of different densities have different rheological properties, therefore this error is strictly related to the density of the cement grout.

[0086] To eliminate this systematic bias, a multiplier function is introduced. R ( r g ( t ))right L wr ( t After correction, the real-time permeability is obtained: L real ( t )= L wr ( t ) ·R ( r g ( t )) Where the multiplier function R ( r g ( t The specific method involves selecting several borehole sections in the grouting test area and providing the permeability of the corresponding inspection boreholes as a reference permeability after grouting. L ref and take L wr ( t Post-irrigation permeability L wr ( t end Calculate the multiplier ratio: ,

[0087] Will Ratio With the corresponding r g ( t The standard samples were composed, and statistical analysis was performed by grouping them according to the water-cement ratio and then fitting the data. R ( r g ( t )).

[0088] At this point, the final output has been completed and generated. L real ( t ).

[0089] S4.3 Output the corrected real-time apparent permeability as the real-time permeability.

[0090] In this embodiment, L real ( t It is presented in the form of curves and reports, and used for engineering management and software deployment.

[0091] This embodiment is preferably based on the real-time permeability curve of the output orifice section. L real (t Intermediate values ​​can be output synchronously. L wg ( t ) 、L wr ( t Compatibility coefficient with slurry materials AC To enhance explainability.

[0092] Furthermore, this invention can be integrated into intelligent grouting software to achieve online calculation and display. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a permeability monitoring interface according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the interface preferably displays the real-time permeability curve, pore section information, and the adaptability coefficient of the current water-cement ratio and slurry material. AC Features such as report export portals enable on-site personnel to directly view the evolution of permeability during construction and generate traceable records.

[0093] In engineering applications, the final values ​​of multiple hole segments can be used. L real ( t end The time required to reach the target permeability can be statistically analyzed and spatially visualized to create a spatial distribution map. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the spatial distribution of porous segments according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 The distribution diagram shown is used for regional management of the overall quality of the curtain line and to support the formulation of differentiated grouting strategies under different geological conditions.

[0094] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention can realize online inversion and continuous output of permeability, is suitable for complex working conditions, and has stability and interpretability.

[0095] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring geological bodies throughout the grouting process based on the theory of effective sedimentation, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1. Measure the baseline permeability of the section to be grouted; S2. Record the actual construction data during the grouting process and process it into valid construction data that can be used for calculation. S3. Calculate the adaptability coefficient of the grout material based on the stable section data in the effective construction data. This coefficient is used to characterize the adaptability level of the grout material to the formation. S4. Calculate the real-time apparent permeability during actual grouting construction, and output the corrected real-time apparent permeability. Step S3 includes: S3.1 Calculate the grout penetration rate of the stable section based on the effective construction data. The grout penetration rate refers to the value measured by a water pressure test using grout as the medium. S3.2 Calculate the kinematic viscosity of the slurry in the stable section based on the effective construction data; S3.

3. For the grout permeability of the stable section, the kinematic viscosity ratio of the grout and water is used for correction to obtain the apparent permeability of the stable section. S3.

4. Calculate the adaptability coefficient based on the apparent permeability of the stable section and the reference permeability using the following formula: ,in AC The adaptability coefficient of the slurry material. L wg0 The apparent permeability of the stable section calculated in step S3.3 is... L w The baseline permeability is calculated in step S1; Step S4 includes: S4.1 Calculate the real-time apparent permeability during actual grouting construction. First, use the valid construction data provided in step S2 to calculate the... t Slurry penetration rate at any given time: , γ g ( t )= ρ g ( t ) g’ ,in, L g ( t ) is the first t The rate of slurry penetration at any given time. P g ( t ) is the first t Grouting pressure at all times Q g ( t ) is the first t slurry flow rate at any given time ρ g ( t ) is the first t The density of the slurry at that moment, L The length of the grouting hole section, subscript g Indicates slurry, g’ Represents gravitational acceleration; Then perform kinematic viscosity ratio conversion to obtain the first... t Apparent permeability at time: ,in, L wg ( t ) is the first t Apparent permeability at time, ν g ( t ) is the first t The kinematic viscosity of the slurry at any given moment; S4.

2. Correct the real-time apparent permeability for residual permeability and initial viscosity. The residual permeability correction is performed using the following formula: L wr ( t )= L wg ( t )+ L r ,in, L wr ( t () is the residual permeability after correction t Apparent permeability at any time L r Residual permeability, L r =(1- AC ) L w ; The initial viscous force is corrected using the following formula: ， in, L real ( t The real-time apparent permeability is calculated after initial viscosity correction. R ( ρ g ( t )) is a multiplier function; The multiplier function R ( ρ g ( t This can be obtained through the following steps: Several borehole sections were selected in the grouting test area, and the permeability of the corresponding inspection boreholes was given as a reference permeability after grouting. L ref and take L wr ( t Post-irrigation permeability L wr ( t end Calculate the multiplier ratio: ， Will Ratio With the corresponding ρ g ( t The standard samples were composed, and statistical analysis was performed by grouping them according to the water-cement ratio and then fitting the data. R ( ρ g ( t )); S4.3 Output the corrected real-time apparent permeability as the real-time permeability.

2. The method for monitoring geological bodies throughout the grouting process based on the effective sedimentation theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3.3, the slurry permeability of the stable section is converted into the apparent permeability of the stable section using the following formula: ， in, L wg0 The apparent permeability of the stable section, L g0 For the slurry penetration rate of the stable section, ν w The kinematic viscosity of water, ν g0 The kinematic viscosity of the slurry in the stable section is given by the subscript. g Indicates slurry, subscript g0 This indicates the slurry in the stable section.

3. The method for monitoring geological bodies throughout the grouting process based on the effective sedimentation theory according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S4.3, the real-time permeability curve is output. L real ( t When ), synchronously output intermediate values. L wg ( t ) 、L wr ( t ).

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