Dust-toxin synergistic purification and ultra-clean fresh air stable supply system

Abstract

The application discloses a dust-toxin cooperative purification and super-clean fresh air stable supply system, which comprises a water excitation removal device, a filtering device, an automatic dust cleaning device, a air supply device, a main control box and a spray purification device. The spray purification device adopts a double-layer annular nozzle design, and sprays dust-toxin cooperative purification agents to realize preliminary purification of dust and toxins. The water excitation removal device comprises a wind pipe, a water tank, a baffle, a sludge discharge mechanism, a liquid level meter and an automatic water replenishing device. The filtering device comprises a fine filter plate and a dust collecting mechanism. The automatic dust cleaning device comprises a gas storage tank, a pulse valve, a spray pipe, a drainage pipe and a conical flow guide. The air supply device adopts a double design of 'cabin air supply + air curtain isolation' which can adjust the air volume, and can flexibly adjust the air volume to provide clean fresh air for the operator and block the invasion of contaminated air. The main control box controls the cooperative operation of various components, and the system as a whole realizes synchronous removal of dust and toxins and stable supply of super-clean fresh air, and is suitable for underground coal mine excavation and transportation equipment, and guarantees the health and safety of operators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of dust control technology in mining, specifically relating to a dust and toxic substance synergistic purification and ultra-clean fresh air stable supply system. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mine tunneling operations generate dust, mainly coal dust and rock dust, and harmful gases, mainly methane, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and hydrogen sulfide, which together create a "dust-toxicity synergistic pollution" effect. While the large-scale application of tunneling machines has improved the level of mechanization and efficiency of mining, it has further aggravated the degree of dust and toxicity pollution. This not only seriously threatens the health of underground workers and induces a variety of irreversible occupational diseases, but also accelerates the wear and corrosion of mechanical and electronic equipment, shortens the service life of equipment, and increases mining costs.

[0003] To effectively control high concentrations of dust and harmful gases in tunneling faces, domestic and international researchers have developed dust control technologies such as spray dust suppression, baghouse dust collection, and high-pressure water jet dust collection, as well as harmful gas control technologies such as gas extraction, ventilation dilution, and catalytic oxidation. Some technologies have even achieved synergistic purification of dust and toxic gases. However, existing technologies still have many shortcomings, such as the inability of a single technology to simultaneously address the needs of dust and toxic gas control, unstable control efficiency under complex deep well conditions, and high application costs that worsen the working environment. These issues urgently need to be addressed. Furthermore, for tunneling machine operators, who are a key target for protection, traditional protective devices typically rely on simple ventilation systems and basic dust masks. These protective measures cannot effectively filter dust and harmful gases to ensure the health and safety of operators during tunneling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dust and toxic gas synergistic purification and ultra-clean fresh air stable supply system, which can filter and purify dust and harmful gases under harsh environmental conditions, and protect the safety and health of operators to the greatest extent.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a dust and toxic substance synergistic purification and ultra-clean fresh air stable supply system, including a tunneling machine body, on which a main control box is connected and controlled by a spray purification device, a water jet removal device, a filter device, an automatic dust removal device and an air supply device. The water-jet removal device includes a water tank, a duct with an opening facing the tunneling direction of the tunneling machine body is connected to the side of the water tank, an S-shaped airflow channel is provided inside the water tank in connection with the duct, the air outlet is on the side of the water tank away from the duct, a vertically installed baffle is provided inside the water tank below the air outlet, a level gauge and an automatic water replenishment device linked to the level gauge are installed on the side wall of the water tank, and a mud discharge mechanism is connected to the bottom of the water tank. The spray purification device includes a nozzle, which is installed at the rear end of the cutting head on the main body of the tunneling machine. The nozzle is connected to two annular water tanks. The two annular water tanks are connected to a water filtration device through an inlet pipe. The water filtration device is located inside the water tank. A pressure pump, a flow monitor, and a flow control valve are installed sequentially on the inlet pipe. The annular water tanks are connected to nozzles one by one through several water delivery pipes. The air inlet of the filter device is sealed to the air outlet of the water tank through a conical air guide hood and a ventilation duct connected in sequence. The filter device is equipped with a fine filter plate inside. A dust collection bin with a drawer-type dust collection mechanism is connected below the fine filter plate. A sealing cover is connected above the fine filter plate. A fixed plate is provided at the end of the sealing cover away from the ventilation duct. An air outlet connected to the air supply device is provided on the fixed plate. The air supply device includes a turbocharger fan connected to the air outlet of the filter device, and an exhaust mechanism connected to the exhaust end of the turbocharger fan. The exhaust port of the exhaust mechanism corresponds to the cab on the main body of the tunneling machine. The automatic dust removal device includes an air tank, which is located outside the filter device and equipped with a pressure gauge. The air tank has an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is connected to an external high-pressure air source, and the air outlet is connected to a spray pipe through a pressure-resistant pipeline. The spray pipe is arranged corresponding to the dust collection bin, and a pulse valve is provided on the end of the spray pipe near the air tank.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention: the bottom of the water tank is a slope, and a groove is formed at the lowest end of the slope. The sludge discharge mechanism includes a drive motor, a sludge discharge shaft, and a sludge collection box. The drive motor is located on the outer wall of the water tank and connected to the drive sludge discharge shaft. The sludge discharge shaft is located in the groove. The sludge collection box is located outside the water tank and is connected to the output end of the sludge discharge shaft.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: a differential pressure detector for detecting the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the fine filter plate is installed on the fine filter plate.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the exhaust mechanism includes an electric hydraulic rod, a telescopic disc mechanism, an air curtain guide plate, and an exhaust plate; The retractable disc mechanism is placed parallel to the air outlet of the turbocharger fan at the center of the exhaust mechanism. The retractable disc mechanism consists of four fan-shaped parts, of which the upper, left and right fan-shaped parts are fixed and adjusted by electric hydraulic rods set on both sides. All four fan-shaped parts are connected to the air curtain guide plate. The air curtain deflector is arranged in an expanding manner from the inside out, and forms three air curtain outlets at the top, left and right sides with the outer cover of the exhaust mechanism, while maintaining a sealed connection with the lower part of the outer cover of the exhaust mechanism. The exhaust plate includes a fixed perforated plate, and a slidable perforated plate is connected to the fixed perforated plate via a sliding rail.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention, the automatic dust removal device also includes a diversion pipe with its opening facing downwards and connected to the nozzle. The diversion pipe is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, and its interior is divided into multiple diversion chambers of different lengths by a partition. Each diversion chamber is equipped with a conical guide.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention, an induction suction hole is provided on the side wall of the drainage cavity.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: two annular water storage tanks are installed in parallel, with the nozzle orifice diameter on the front annular water storage tank being 1-5mm and the nozzle orifice diameter on the rear annular water storage tank being 5-10mm.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: a dust and toxic substance synergistic purification liquid is placed in the water tank. The components of the dust and toxic substance synergistic purification liquid include, by mass percentage: sodium carbonate 3%-3.5%, sodium bicarbonate 2%-2.5%, piperazine 0.1%-0.15%, methyl diethanolamine 0.25%-0.35%, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9) 0.15%-0.2%, sodium polyacrylate 0.4%-0.5%, polyether defoamer (GP-330) 0.03%-0.05%, phytic acid 0.02%-0.1%, and the remainder being water.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention integrates a spray purification device with an ultra-clean fresh air stable supply system, combining three core technologies: spray purification, water jet removal, and fine filtration. It is also equipped with a dedicated dust and toxic gas synergistic purification agent. The spray purification achieves the initial settling and absorption of dust particles and toxic gases such as hydrogen sulfide. The water jet removal device further removes dust particles and toxic gases, and the fine filter plate deeply filters fine dust, greatly improving the purification effect of dust and toxic gases and achieving "simultaneous removal of dust and toxic gases".

[0014] 2. The dust and toxic gas synergistic purification agent formula used in this invention is scientific. Sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate can neutralize acidic harmful gases, piperazine and methyl diethanolamine can improve the solubility of hydrogen sulfide in the liquid phase, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9) reduces surface tension and wets dust, sodium polyacrylate enhances the dust agglomeration and sedimentation and moisturizing effect, polyether defoamer (GP-330) inhibits foam generation and ensures spraying effect, and phytic acid reduces the corrosive effect on metal equipment. The synergistic effect of each component greatly improves the purification efficiency under complex working conditions.

[0015] 3. The automatic dust removal device of the present invention achieves uniform diffusion of pulsed airflow through the design of multiple drainage chambers of different lengths in the drainage pipe, conical guide and induced suction hole, and efficiently removes the dust accumulated on the inner wall of the fine filter plate. It is equipped with a differential pressure detector to monitor the status of the fine filter plate in real time, and realizes intelligent dust removal by linking the pulse valve through the controller.

[0016] 4. The ventilation mechanism of this invention adopts a dual design of "cabin air supply + air curtain isolation". A portion of the purified ultra-clean fresh air is delivered to the driver's cab through the exhaust plate. The air volume can be controlled by adjusting the overlap of the holes on the fixed perforated plate and the sliding perforated plate, which can provide the driver with continuous clean air and directly ensure the breathing safety of the operator. The other portion forms a protective air curtain through the air curtain outlet to block the intrusion of unpurified external air into the cab area. The width of the air curtain outlet channel can be controlled by the controller to change the air volume, which greatly improves the health protection of the driver.

[0017] 5. The double-layer annular nozzle design of the present invention improves the dust reduction and detoxification effect. The small-diameter nozzle at the front end (1-5mm) enables fine mist settling, while the large-diameter nozzle at the rear end (5-10mm) enhances coverage. At the same time, in conjunction with the flow monitoring meter and flow control valve, the spray volume can be precisely adjusted to ensure that the purified liquid evenly covers the dust-generating area, quickly settles the dust, reduces dust diffusion, and reduces the risk of pollution from the source. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention installed on a tunneling machine; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the water-jet desorption device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic dust removal device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air curtain adjustment structure in the exhaust mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust adjustment structure in the exhaust mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view along the CC direction of the double-layer annular nozzle of the spray device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the gas purification and air supply process of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Tunneling machine body, 2. Spray purification device, 3. Water jet removal device, 4. Filter device, 5. Automatic dust removal device, 6. Turbocharger fan, 7. Exhaust mechanism, 8. Main control box. 21. Sprinkler head; 22. Inlet pipe; 23. Flow monitor; 24. Flow control valve; 25. Pressure pump; 26. Water filtration device; 27. Annular water tank; 28. Water delivery pipe; 29. ​​Nozzle. 31. Air duct; 32. Water tank; 33. Sludge discharge mechanism; 34. Baffle plate; 35. Liquid level gauge; 36. Automatic water replenishment device. 331. Drive motor; 332. Sludge discharge shaft; 333. Sludge collection box; 41. Fine filter plate; 42. Fixed vertical plate; 43. Dust collection bin; 44. Differential pressure detector; 51. Gas storage tank; 52. Pulse valve; 53. Nozzle; 54. Drain pipe; 55. Drain chamber; 56. Conical guide; 57. Induction suction hole; 58. Pressure gauge. 511. Air inlet; 512. Air outlet; 71. Electro-hydraulic rod; 72. Telescopic disc mechanism; 73. Air curtain deflector; 74. Exhaust plate; 75. Air curtain outlet. 741. Fixed perforated plate; 742. Sliding perforated plate; 743. Sliding track. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, a dust and toxic substance synergistic purification and ultra-clean fresh air stable supply system includes a tunneling machine body 1, on which a main control box 8 is connected and controlled by a spray purification device 2, a water-cooled removal device 3, a filter device 4, an automatic dust removal device 5, and an air supply device. like Figure 2 As shown, the water-jet removal device 3 includes a water tank 32. A duct 31 with an opening facing the tunneling direction of the tunneling machine body 1 is connected to the side of the water tank 32. The air inlet of the duct 31 is designed in a trumpet shape. An S-shaped airflow channel is provided inside the water tank 32, connected to the duct 31. The S-shaped airflow channel has a large inlet cross-section and gradually narrows at the outlet, allowing the airflow carrying dust particles and harmful gases to accelerate through and impact the dust-toxicity co-purification liquid inside the water tank 32, thereby achieving efficient absorption and purification. The side of the water tank 32 away from the duct 31 is the air outlet. Inside the tank 2, a vertically installed baffle 34 is located below the air outlet. When the humid air escaping from the dust and toxic synergistic purification liquid passes through the baffle 34 from bottom to top, the water mist it carries is effectively intercepted and removed, ensuring that the exhaust gas is relatively dry. The basic water level of the purification liquid in the water tank 32 is set at 50cm above the lowest point of the upper wall of the S-shaped airflow channel. A level gauge 35 and an automatic water replenishment device 36 linked to the level gauge 35 are installed on the side wall of the water tank 32. A sludge discharge mechanism 33 is connected to the bottom of the water tank 32 for periodically cleaning the deposited sludge and impurities. like Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, the spray purification device 2 includes a nozzle 21, which is installed at the rear end of the cutting head on the main body 1 of the tunneling machine. The nozzle 21 is connected to two annular water storage tanks 27. The two annular water storage tanks 27 are connected to a water filtration device 26 through an inlet pipe 22. The water filtration device 26 is located inside the water tank 32. A pressure pump 25, a flow monitor 23, and a flow control valve 24 are sequentially installed on the inlet pipe 22 to monitor and adjust the dynamic parameters of the water flow in real time to ensure drainage efficiency. The annular water storage tanks 27 are connected to nozzles 29 one by one through several water supply pipes 28. The internal structure of the water filtration device 26, from the outside to the inside along the water inlet direction, consists of a coarse filter screen, filter media, and a fine filter screen. The filter media on the side closer to the water inlet direction is tightly attached to the inner surface of the coarse filter screen, while the other side of the filter media is tightly attached to the inner surface of the fine filter screen, thus forming a multi-layer composite filtration system that can effectively remove impurities and particulate matter from the water.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the filter device 4 has a box-shaped structure. The air inlet of the filter device 4 is sealed to the air outlet of the water tank 32 through a conical air guide hood and a ventilation duct connected in sequence. The filter device 4 is equipped with a fine filter plate 41 inside. The filter device 4 is connected to a dust collection chamber 43 equipped with a drawer-type dust collection mechanism below the fine filter plate 41. The filter device 4 is connected to a sealing cover above the fine filter plate 41. The end of the sealing cover away from the ventilation duct is equipped with a fixed upright plate 42. The fixed upright plate 42 is equipped with an air outlet connected to the air supply device. The air purified by the water jet removal device 3 enters the filter device 4. The remaining fine dust is intercepted on the surface of the fine filter plate 41. The clean air rises from inside the fine filter plate 41 and is discharged to the air outlet of the filter device 4 through the space enclosed by the sealing cover. The intercepted dust particles fall into the dust collection chamber 43 and are cleaned and maintained regularly by the drawer-type dust collection mechanism.

[0023] The air supply device includes a turbocharger fan 6 connected to the air outlet of the filter device 4. The exhaust end of the turbocharger fan 6 is connected to an exhaust mechanism 7. The exhaust port of the exhaust mechanism 7 corresponds to the cab on the main body 1 of the tunneling machine. like Figure 3 As shown, the automatic dust removal device 5 includes an air storage tank 51, which is located outside the filter device 4 and equipped with a pressure gauge 58 for real-time detection and display of the pressure inside the air storage tank 51. This ensures that the high-pressure gas inside the air storage tank 51 always maintains a stable working pressure. The air storage tank 51 is provided with an air inlet 511 and an air outlet 512. The air inlet 511 is connected to an external high-pressure air source, preferably a high-pressure air pipe at the tunneling face. The air outlet 512 is connected to a nozzle 53 through a pressure-resistant pipe. The nozzle 53 is arranged corresponding to the dust collection chamber 43. A pulse valve 52 is provided at one end of the nozzle 53 near the air storage tank 51. The pulse valve 52 controls the nozzle 53 to spray air, thereby achieving the cleaning effect on the fine filter plate 41.

[0024] The water-cooled removal device 3, together with the filter device 4 and the air supply device, forms an ultra-clean fresh air stable supply system. The spray purification device 2 is integrated with the ultra-clean fresh air stable supply system. The spray purification device 2 and the water-cooled removal device 3 share the same dust and toxic substance synergistic purification liquid in the same water tank 32. During the tunneling operation, dust and toxic substances such as hydrogen sulfide generated in the working environment are first initially absorbed and purified by the dust and toxic substance synergistic purification agent sprayed by the spray device. Under the suction action of the turbocharger fan 6, the airflow in the working environment that has been initially purified is processed by the water-cooled removal device 3 and the filter device 4 in sequence and then discharged through the exhaust mechanism 7.

[0025] To facilitate the discharge of sludge from the water tank 32 and improve sludge collection efficiency, the bottom of the water tank 32 is sloped, with a groove formed at the lowest point of the slope. The sludge discharge mechanism 33 includes a drive motor 331, a sludge discharge shaft 332, and a sludge collection box 333. The drive motor 331 is mounted on the outer wall of the water tank 32 and connected to drive the sludge discharge shaft 332. The sludge discharge shaft 332 is located within the groove and has continuous and evenly distributed spiral grooves. The sludge collection box 333 is located outside the water tank 32 and connected to the output end of the sludge discharge shaft 332. The drive motor 331 drives the sludge discharge shaft 332 to rotate. As the sludge discharge shaft 332 rotates, the spiral grooves generate a continuous propulsive force, gradually conveying the accumulated sludge forward, thereby transporting the sludge deposited at the bottom of the water tank 32 to the sludge collection box 333, achieving efficient and automated sludge cleaning and collection.

[0026] Furthermore, a differential pressure detector 44 is installed on the fine filter plate 41 to detect the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the fine filter plate 41. The differential pressure detector 44 is electrically connected to the controller in the main control box 8 to monitor the pressure change inside the gas storage tank 51 in real time and feed the pressure data back to the control system, thereby ensuring that the equipment operates stably within a safe pressure range.

[0027] To more effectively ensure the health and safety of tunneling machine operators, further measures are needed, such as... Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the exhaust mechanism 7 includes an electric hydraulic rod 71, a telescopic disc mechanism 72, an air curtain guide plate 73, and an exhaust plate; The retractable disc mechanism 72 is placed parallel to the air outlet of the turbocharger fan 6 at the center of the exhaust mechanism 7. The retractable disc mechanism 72 consists of four fan-shaped parts, of which the upper, left and right fan-shaped parts are fixed and adjusted by electric hydraulic rods 71 ​​set on both sides. All four fan-shaped parts are connected to the air curtain guide plate 73. By controlling the extension and retraction state of the electric hydraulic rods 71, the retractable disc mechanism 72 is driven to expand and contract, thereby changing the distance between the air curtain guide plate 73 and the outer cover of the exhaust mechanism 7, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the air volume. The air curtain deflector 73 is arranged in an expanding manner from the inside out, and forms three air curtain outlets 75 on the upper, left and right sides with the outer cover of the exhaust mechanism 7, while maintaining a sealed connection with the lower part of the outer cover of the exhaust mechanism 7, so as to achieve directional guidance and effective isolation of airflow. The exhaust plate includes a fixed perforated plate 741, and a slidable perforated plate 742 is connected to the fixed perforated plate 741 via a sliding rail 743. By adjusting the position of the slidable perforated plate 742, the overlapping of the holes on the fixed perforated plate 741 and the slidable perforated plate 742 is controlled, thereby adjusting the air supply area and controlling the amount of fresh air supplied to the driver.

[0028] After being processed by the ventilation system 7, part of the fresh air enters the tunneling machine's cab through the exhaust plate. By sliding the perforated plate 742, the overlap ratio of the pores between the sliding perforated plate 742 and the fixed perforated plate 741 is changed, thus controlling the fresh air exhaust volume. The other part of the exhaust fresh air is ejected at a high speed through the specially designed air curtain outlet 75, forming a uniform and stable air curtain barrier. This air curtain barrier can effectively block the intrusion of high-concentration dust from the outside, providing the driver with a healthy and safe working environment.

[0029] To further improve the self-cleaning effect of the automatic dust removal device 5, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the automatic dust removal device 5 also includes a diversion pipe 54, which is connected to the nozzle 53 with its opening facing downwards. The diversion pipe 54 is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and its interior is divided into multiple diversion chambers 55 of different lengths by a partition. This design helps to form different pressure zones during gas flow, thereby improving the dust removal effect. Each diversion chamber 55 is equipped with a conical guide 56, which further optimizes the airflow distribution through its unique conical structure, ensuring that high-pressure gas can be blown evenly and efficiently onto the two inner walls of the filter plate, thereby enhancing the comprehensiveness and thoroughness of dust removal.

[0030] When the differential pressure detector 44 detects in real time that the differential pressure between the inside and outside of the fine filter plate 41 exceeds the preset safety threshold, the controller controls the pulse valve 52 to open. After the pulse valve 52 opens, the high-pressure gas stored in the gas storage tank 51 is rapidly released and flows into the drainage chamber 55 at high speed through the pulse valve 52 and the nozzle 53 connected to it. It is then sprayed out in a pulse manner and directly acts on the inner surface of the fine filter plate 41 to effectively remove the accumulated dust. After the dust removal process is completed, the controller controls the pulse valve 52 to close again.

[0031] Furthermore, the sidewall of the drainage cavity 55 is provided with induction suction holes 57. When high-pressure gas flows through the drainage cavity 55, it can induce surrounding air to enter the drainage cavity 55 through these holes, thereby increasing the mixing effect and momentum of the airflow. This design not only helps to improve the intensity and coverage of the airflow during the dust removal process, but also effectively reduces the consumption of high-pressure gas and improves the energy efficiency of the entire automatic dust removal device 5.

[0032] To effectively optimize fluid distribution and improve spraying performance, ensuring uniform spraying of water mist at dust sources on the tunneling face, and thus enabling rapid settling of dust generated during tunneling, further... Figure 6 As shown, two annular water tanks 27 are installed in parallel. The nozzle 29 on the front annular water tank 27 has an orifice diameter of 1-5mm, and the nozzle 29 on the rear annular water tank 27 has an orifice diameter of 5-10mm. The front nozzle 21 sprays a finer water stream, which can quickly wet the dust, while the rear nozzle 21 sprays a wider coverage area, which can completely cover the dust source.

[0033] To further enhance the synergistic purification effect of dust and toxic gases, a dust-toxic gas synergistic purification liquid is added to water tank 32. The components of the dust-toxic gas synergistic purification liquid include, by mass percentage: sodium carbonate 3%-3.5%, sodium bicarbonate 2%-2.5%, piperazine 0.1%-0.15%, methyl diethanolamine 0.25%-0.35%, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9) 0.15%-0.2%, sodium polyacrylate 0.4%-0.5%, polyether defoamer (GP-330) 0.03%-0.05%, phytic acid 0.02%-0.1%, and the remainder is water.

[0034] The spray purification device 2 of this invention adopts a design of parallel installation of double-layer annular nozzles 21, which can effectively spray the dust and toxic gas synergistic purifier onto the cut-off part; the dust and toxic gas synergistic purifier formula is scientific, which can simultaneously achieve synergistic purification of dust particles and toxic gases; the spray purification device 2 is integrated with the ultra-clean fresh air stable supply system, and the air after preliminary purification by the spray purification device 2 passes through the combined treatment of the excision removal device and the filter device 4 in sequence, which can effectively filter dust particles and toxic gases; the automatic dust removal device 5 relies on the structural design of the multi-segment drainage chamber 55 of the drainage pipe 54, the conical guide 56 and the induction suction hole 57, combined with the intelligent linkage of the differential pressure detector 44 and the main control box 8, which can efficiently remove the dust accumulated on the filter plate; the exhaust mechanism 7 adopts a dual design of "cabin air supply + air curtain isolation" with adjustable air volume, which can not only deliver clean fresh air to the driver, but also form a protective air curtain to block the intrusion of unpurified air.

Claims

1. A dust and toxic substance synergistic purification and ultra-clean fresh air stable supply system, comprising a tunneling machine body (1), characterized in that, The main control box (8) and its connected control spray purification device (2), water jet removal device (3), filter device (4), automatic dust removal device (5) and air supply device are connected to the main body (1) of the tunneling machine; The water-jet removal device (3) includes a water tank (32). The side of the water tank (32) is connected to an air duct (31) with an opening facing the tunneling direction of the tunneling machine body (1). The water tank (32) is connected to the air duct (31) and has an S-shaped airflow channel. The side of the water tank (32) away from the air duct (31) is the air outlet. The water tank (32) is provided with a vertically installed baffle plate (34) below the air outlet. The side wall of the water tank (32) is equipped with a level gauge (35) and an automatic water replenishment device (36) linked to the level gauge (35). The bottom of the water tank (32) is connected to a mud discharge mechanism (33). The bottom of the water tank (32) is a slope, and a groove is formed at the lowest end of the slope. The sludge discharge mechanism (33) includes a drive motor (331), a sludge discharge shaft (332), and a sludge collection box (333). The drive motor (331) is located on the outer wall of the water tank (32) and connected to the drive sludge discharge shaft (332). The sludge discharge shaft (332) is located in the groove. The sludge collection box (333) is located outside the water tank (32) and is connected to the output end of the sludge discharge shaft (332). The spray purification device (2) includes a nozzle (21), which is installed on the rear end of the cutting head on the main body (1) of the tunneling machine. The nozzle (21) is connected to two annular water tanks (27). The two annular water tanks (27) are connected to the water filtration device (26) through the water inlet pipe (22). The water filtration device (26) is located in the water tank (32). The water inlet pipe (22) is equipped with a pressure pump (25), a flow monitor (23) and a flow control valve (24) in sequence. The annular water tanks (27) are connected to nozzles (29) one by one through several water supply pipes (28). The air inlet of the filter device (4) is sealed to the air outlet of the water tank (32) through a conical air guide hood and a ventilation duct connected in sequence. The filter device (4) is equipped with a fine filter plate (41) inside. The filter device (4) is connected to a dust collection bin (43) equipped with a drawer-type dust collection mechanism below the fine filter plate (41). The filter device (4) is connected to a sealing cover above the fine filter plate (41). The end of the sealing cover away from the ventilation duct is provided with a fixed upright plate (42). The fixed upright plate (42) is provided with an air outlet connected to the air supply device. The air supply device includes a turbocharger fan (6) connected to the air outlet of the filter device (4), and an exhaust mechanism (7) connected to the exhaust end of the turbocharger fan (6). The exhaust port of the exhaust mechanism (7) corresponds to the cab on the main body (1) of the tunneling machine. The automatic dust removal device (5) includes an air storage tank (51), which is located outside the filter device (4) and equipped with a pressure gauge (58). The air storage tank (51) is provided with an air inlet (511) and an air outlet (512). The air inlet (511) is connected to an external high-pressure air source, and the air outlet (512) is connected to a spray pipe (53) through a pressure-resistant pipeline. The spray pipe (53) is arranged corresponding to the dust collection bin (43), and a pulse valve (52) is provided at one end of the spray pipe (53) near the air storage tank (51). The automatic dust removal device (5) also includes a drainage pipe (54), which is connected to the nozzle (53) with its opening facing downward. The drainage pipe (54) is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and its interior is divided into multiple drainage chambers (55) of different lengths by a partition. Each drainage chamber (55) is equipped with a conical guide (56).

2. The dust and toxic substance synergistic purification and ultra-clean fresh air stable supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A differential pressure detector (44) is installed on the fine filter plate (41) to detect the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the fine filter plate (41).

3. The dust and toxic substance synergistic purification and ultra-clean fresh air stable supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation mechanism (7) includes an electro-hydraulic rod (71), a telescopic disc mechanism (72), an air curtain guide plate (73), and an exhaust plate (74). The retractable disc mechanism (72) is placed parallel to the air outlet of the turbocharger fan (6) at the center of the exhaust mechanism (7). The retractable disc mechanism (72) consists of four fan-shaped parts, of which the upper, left and right fan-shaped parts are fixed and adjusted by electric hydraulic rods (71) set on both sides. All four fan-shaped parts are connected to the air curtain guide plate (73). The air curtain deflector (73) adopts an expansion arrangement from the inside to the outside, and forms three air curtain outlets (75) at the top, left and right sides with the outer cover of the exhaust mechanism (7), while maintaining a sealed connection with the lower part of the outer cover of the exhaust mechanism (7); The exhaust plate includes a fixed perforated plate (741), on which a slidable perforated plate (742) is connected via a sliding rail (743).

4. The dust and toxic substance synergistic purification and ultra-clean fresh air stable supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, An induction suction hole (57) is provided on the side wall of the drainage cavity (55).

5. The dust and toxic substance synergistic purification and ultra-clean fresh air stable supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two annular water storage tanks (27) are installed in parallel. The nozzle (29) on the front annular water storage tank (27) has an orifice diameter of 1-5mm, and the nozzle (29) on the rear annular water storage tank (27) has an orifice diameter of 5-10mm.

6. The dust and toxic substance synergistic purification and ultra-clean fresh air stable supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water tank (32) contains a dust and toxic substance synergistic purification liquid. The components of the dust and toxic substance synergistic purification liquid include, by mass percentage: sodium carbonate 3%-3.5%, sodium bicarbonate 2%-2.5%, piperazine 0.1%-0.15%, methyl diethanolamine 0.25%-0.35%, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9) 0.15%-0.2%, sodium polyacrylate 0.4%-0.5%, polyether defoamer (GP-330) 0.03%-0.05%, phytic acid 0.02%-0.1%, and the remaining component is water.

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