A reversible clamped laser welding machine

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of laser welding equipment, and discloses a reversible clamping type laser welding machine tool; the workpiece is welded by a liftable laser welding head; the process of ascending and descending of the laser welding head is utilized to process a joint position; on one hand, the joint position is expanded to improve the smoothness of the joint position; on the other hand, the distance between the laser welding head and the workpiece is changed in the process of ascending and descending, the complement of twice welding of the joint position is realized, and the smoothness is further improved; the welding position is limited by positioning clamps, the stability of welding is ensured, the accurate control of the welding path of the workpiece is realized by adopting an inductive rotary encoder, the accuracy of welding is ensured, the joint roller is driven to rotate by the rotation of the workpiece, the auxiliary thread on the joint roller plays a role of extrusion in the process of rotation, the weld is extruded, and the welding effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser welding equipment technology, and in particular to a flip-type clamping laser welding machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] A laser welding machine tool is a device that uses laser as an energy source. A high-energy laser beam is generated by a laser generator and focused by an optical system onto the weld area of ​​the workpiece, causing the workpiece material to melt and solidify instantly, thus achieving precise welding of the workpiece. The core components include laser emission, welding execution, and workpiece positioning and clamping. It can be adapted to the welding processing of various metal and some non-metal workpieces.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN114571115B discloses a laser welding machine with a flip-type fixture, comprising a frame, a welding machine body, a rotating disk, a first clamping mechanism, a second clamping mechanism, a pushing mechanism, and a flipping mechanism. The rotating disk is circumferentially arranged with a front processing station and a back processing station. This invention utilizes the first and second clamping mechanisms to place weldments transported from two different conveyor belts at the front processing station. The pushing mechanism enables the welding machine body to perform welding operations on the target welding line formed by the contact between the first and second weldments. After the front welding operation is completed, the flipping mechanism flips the welded target weldments to the back processing station, allowing the welding machine body to weld the back of the target weldments. This method improves welding efficiency and reduces safety hazards by replacing manual labor with a machine.

[0004] The above-mentioned and existing related technologies have the following drawbacks: When using existing reversible clamping laser welding machine tools, in order to improve the welding quality of the weld joint at the beginning and end of the laser welding, a repair welding method is used to treat the joint. However, during the repair welding process, the joint position is prone to fusion welding or undercut due to secondary welding, which ultimately destroys the smoothness of the joint position. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing technology has the disadvantage that the welding joint smoothness is damaged by the welding repair. To this end, we propose a flip-type clamping laser welding machine tool.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a flip-type clamping laser welding machine tool, comprising: a laser welding machine tool body, a laser welding device fixedly connected to the top of the laser welding machine tool body, a lifting mechanism slidably connected to the side of the laser welding device, a mounting frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting mechanism, a welding head lifting rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting frame, a laser welding head disposed at the bottom of the welding head lifting rod, a balance plate fixedly connected to the side of the laser welding head, a spherical protrusion fixedly connected to the bottom of the balance plate, an inductive rotary encoder disposed at the bottom of the spherical protrusion, a drive shaft rotatably connected to the bottom of the inductive rotary encoder, a positioning gripper rotatably connected to the side of the drive shaft, an auxiliary roller rotatably connected to the inner wall of the positioning gripper, a connecting roller fixedly connected to the side of the auxiliary roller, an auxiliary thread fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting roller, and a controller fixedly connected to the bottom of the drive shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the lifting mechanism slides vertically along the side of the laser welding device, and the lifting mechanism drives the mounting frame to move vertically up and down synchronously.

[0008] Preferably, the balance plate and the mounting bracket are slidably connected, and the mounting bracket is U-shaped.

[0009] Preferably, the spherical bump is adapted to the sensing end of the inductive rotary encoder, and when the laser welding head is raised and lowered to the designated welding position, the spherical bump comes into contact with the sensing end of the inductive rotary encoder.

[0010] Preferably, the inductive rotary encoder is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket, and a pair of inductive rotary encoders are symmetrically arranged about the vertical central axis of the mounting bracket.

[0011] Preferably, the inductive rotary encoder is used to detect the real-time rotation path of the auxiliary roller and convert the path detection signal into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the controller. The controller receives the electrical signal and performs data calculations.

[0012] Preferably, the auxiliary rollers are evenly spaced about the inner wall of the positioning gripper, and a pair of positioning grippers are symmetrically arranged about the vertical central axis of the laser welding head.

[0013] Preferably, a pair of auxiliary threads are symmetrically arranged about the vertical centerline of the connecting roller, and the auxiliary threads are in contact with the welding fixture.

[0014] Preferably, a fixed plate is fixedly connected to the side of the laser welding machine tool body, an electric rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed plate, an electric telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the side of the electric rotating shaft, a fixed gripper is fixedly connected to one end of the electric telescopic rod, and welding fixtures are provided on the side of the fixed gripper.

[0015] Preferably, a pair of fixed grippers are symmetrically arranged about the vertical central axis of the welding fixture, and the fixed grippers are used to clamp the welding fixture.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0017] In this invention, a liftable laser welding head is used to weld the workpiece. The rising and falling of the laser welding head processes the connection point, expanding it to improve its smoothness. Furthermore, the change in distance between the laser welding head and the workpiece during the rising and falling process allows for complementary welding at the connection point, further enhancing smoothness. Positioning grippers limit the welding position to ensure welding stability. Simultaneously, an inductive rotary encoder precisely controls the welding path, ensuring welding accuracy. The workpiece rotation drives the connecting roller to rotate, and the auxiliary threads on the connecting roller exert a squeezing effect during rotation, compressing the weld seam and improving the welding effect. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The disclosure of this invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view of the reversible clamping laser welding machine tool of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser welding device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing claw part of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting bracket portion of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the inductive rotary encoder portion of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning gripper portion of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting roller portion of the present invention.

[0027] Legend: 1. Laser welding machine body; 2. Fixed plate; 3. Electric rotating shaft; 4. Electric telescopic rod; 5. Fixed gripper; 6. Welding fixture; 7. Laser welding device; 8. Lifting mechanism; 9. Mounting frame; 10. Welding head lifting rod; 11. Laser welding head; 12. Balance plate; 13. Spherical protrusion; 14. Inductive rotary encoder; 15. Drive shaft; 16. Positioning gripper; 17. Auxiliary roller; 18. Connecting roller; 19. Auxiliary thread; 20. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0028] It is readily understood that, based on the technical solution of this invention, those skilled in the art can propose various interchangeable structural methods and implementations without altering the essential spirit of the invention. Therefore, the following detailed embodiments and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative examples of the technical solution of this invention and should not be considered as the entirety of the invention or as limitations or restrictions on the technical solution of this invention.

[0029] According to the embodiments of the present invention, Figures 1 to 8 As shown.

[0030] Laser welding machine tools are core high-precision welding equipment in modern manufacturing. Their core working principle uses laser as a high-energy-density welding heat source. A laser generator converts electrical energy into a high-purity, highly directional laser beam. This beam is conducted and focused by a precision optical system composed of mirrors and focusing lenses, concentrating the laser energy into an extremely small spot. This spot precisely targets the pre-defined weld area on the workpiece. Under the instantaneous irradiation of the high-energy laser, the material at the weld joint rapidly absorbs the laser energy and melts instantly, forming a uniform molten pool. After the laser beam is removed, the liquid metal in the molten pool rapidly dissipates at room temperature. Rapid cooling and solidification enable metallurgical bonding and precise welding of the workpiece. This type of equipment comprises three key component modules: first, a laser emission module, responsible for laser generation and initial control, with core components including a laser generator, power supply, and energy regulation unit; second, a welding execution module, responsible for laser beam transmission, focusing, and welding action execution, mainly including optical transmission components, laser welding head 11, and lifting and adjustment mechanisms; and third, a workpiece positioning and clamping module, used to achieve stable fixation and precise positioning of the workpiece, with common components including various grippers, welding fixtures 6, and rotary worktables, which can be flexibly adapted according to the shape of the workpiece and welding requirements.

[0031] Existing reversible clamping laser welding machine tools, while adaptable to welding needs of multi-angle and multi-type workpieces due to their reversible clamping feature, inevitably exhibit defects such as minute gaps, localized incomplete fusion, surface steps, and uneven weld reinforcement at the weld seam junction. To improve the welding quality at the weld seam junction, the industry commonly employs rework welding for secondary processing of the junction. However, in the rework welding operation, due to the difference in heat conduction characteristics between the rework area and the original weld, the special spatial location of the junction, and the difficulty in precisely controlling the laser energy parameters, coupled with uneven local temperature field distribution during the secondary welding process, the junction is prone to fusion welding or undercut due to secondary heating and melting, ultimately destroying the smoothness of the junction and potentially exacerbating stress concentration at the junction, even leading to new welding hazards such as localized cracking, slag inclusions, and porosity. This reduces the quality consistency of the entire weld seam and the reliability of the workpiece in subsequent use. To solve this problem, this invention incorporates the following design in a reversible clamping laser welding machine tool:

[0032] A reversible clamping laser welding machine tool includes: a laser welding machine tool body 1, which is a core piece of equipment for high-precision welding in modern industrial production. Its core operating logic uses a high-energy laser as the welding heat source to achieve efficient and stable welding of workpieces through a complete precision system. A laser welding device 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the laser welding machine tool body 1, and a lifting mechanism 8 is slidably connected to the side of the laser welding device 7. The lifting mechanism 8 is a core height adjustment component, assembled on the side of the laser welding device 7, and is typically electrically driven, allowing it to move along the laser welding device 7. The vertical slide rail slides smoothly. A mounting bracket 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting mechanism 8. A welding head lifting rod 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting bracket 9. A laser welding head 11 is installed at the bottom of the welding head lifting rod 10. The laser welding head 11 is a core component in the laser welding machine tool used to conduct and focus the laser beam, precisely applying it to the weld area of ​​the workpiece to achieve fusion welding. It can be used with lifting and displacement adjustment to adapt to welding requirements. A balance plate 12 is fixedly connected to the side of the laser welding head 11. A spherical protrusion 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the balance plate 12. An induction sensor is installed at the bottom of the spherical protrusion 13. The rotary encoder 14, an inductive rotary encoder 14, is a detection component that senses rotational motion and converts the rotation angle, speed, or rotation path into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the controller 20 to achieve precise measurement and linkage control. A drive shaft 15 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inductive rotary encoder 14. A positioning gripper 16 is rotatably connected to the side of the drive shaft 15. An auxiliary roller 17 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the positioning gripper 16. A connecting roller 18 is fixedly connected to the side of the auxiliary roller 17. An auxiliary thread 19 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting roller 18. The bottom of the drive shaft 15 is fixedly connected to... The system is equipped with a controller 20, which is the core control hub. It is electrically connected to key components such as the electric rotating shaft 3, the electric telescopic rod 4, the lifting mechanism 8, the welding head lifting rod 10, the laser welding head 11, the inductive rotary encoder 14, and the drive rotating shaft 15. Its core function is to receive the signals fed back by each component, process them, and then accurately issue control commands to coordinate the work of each component. This enables the entire process of welding fixture 6 clamping, flipping, and positioning; laser welding head 11 lifting and welding; weld seam extrusion; and the connection of the first and last weld seams to be fully automated and precisely controlled, ensuring welding quality and smoothness of the connection.

[0033] The lifting mechanism 8 slides vertically along the side of the laser welding device 7. The lifting mechanism 8 drives the mounting frame 9 to move vertically and synchronously. The balance plate 12 is slidably connected to the mounting frame 9. The mounting frame 9 is U-shaped. The spherical protrusion 13 is adapted to the sensing end of the inductive rotary encoder 14. When the laser welding head 11 is raised to the designated welding position, the spherical protrusion 13 contacts the sensing end of the inductive rotary encoder 14. The inductive rotary encoder 14 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 9. A pair of inductive rotary encoders 14 are symmetrically arranged about the vertical central axis of the mounting frame 9. The inductive rotary encoders 14 are used to detect the real-time rotation path of the auxiliary roller 17 and convert the path detection signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the controller 20. The controller 20 receives the electrical signal and performs data calculation. The auxiliary roller 17 is evenly spaced about the inner wall of the positioning gripper 16. The positioning gripper 16 is about the laser welding... A pair of auxiliary threads 19 are symmetrically arranged about the vertical center axis of the connector 11, and a pair of auxiliary threads 19 are symmetrically arranged about the vertical center axis of the connecting roller 18. The auxiliary threads 19 are in contact with the welding fixture 6. A fixed plate 2 is fixedly connected to the side of the laser welding machine tool body 1. An electric rotating shaft 3 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed plate 2. The electric rotating shaft 3 is the core driving component that drives the fixed jaw 5 and the welding fixture 6 to rotate at a constant speed, providing stable rotational power for laser welding operations. An electric telescopic rod 4 is rotatably connected to the side of the electric rotating shaft 3. The electric telescopic rod 4 is the adaptable driving component that drives the fixed jaw 5 to extend and retract horizontally, realizing the clamping and positioning calibration of the welding fixture 6. A fixed jaw 5 is fixedly connected to one end of the electric telescopic rod 4. The welding fixture 6 is arranged on the side of the fixed jaw 5. A pair of fixed jaws 5 are symmetrically arranged about the vertical center axis of the welding fixture 6. The fixed jaws 5 are used to clamp the welding fixture 6.

[0034] When using the device, the welding fixture 6 is placed in the position of the fixed clamp 5, and the fixed clamp 5 is used to fix the welding fixture 6. Then, the electric telescopic rod 4 is started to move the welding fixture 6 horizontally until the welding positions of the welding fixture 6 are close together and at the bottom of the laser welding head 11. Then, the lifting mechanism 8 is started, and the lifting mechanism 8 drives the mounting frame 9 to descend. At this time, the positioning clamp 16 is in the open state under the action of the drive shaft 15. When the laser welding head 11 is in the working position, the drive shaft 15 controls the positioning clamp 16 to close, and the positioning clamp 16 clamps and supports both sides of the weld of the welding fixture 6. During welding, the electric shaft 3 is started first, and the electric shaft 3 drives the welding fixture 6 to rotate at a constant speed. As the welding fixture 6 rotates, the auxiliary roller 17 starts to rotate. At this time, the welding head lifting rod 10 and the laser welding head 11 are started. The welding head lifting rod 10 drives the laser welding head 11 to begin to descend, and the laser welding head 11 is in the working position. During the descent, laser welding is performed on the weld. When the laser welding head 11 is at the designated welding position, the spherical protrusion 13 contacts the inductive rotary encoder 14. The inductive rotary encoder 14 works in conjunction with the controller 20 to calculate the rotation path of the auxiliary roller 17. When the calculated path is equal to the total welding path of the welding fixture 6 for the entire circle, minus the rotation path length of the welding fixture 6 during the descent of the laser welding head 11, the welding head lifting rod 10 drives the laser welding head 11 to rise. During the rise, the laser welding head 11 continues to weld the rotating fixture. The area welded during the rise of the laser welding head 11 is the same as the area welded during the descent of the laser welding head 11. At the same time, when the laser welding head 11 is welding at the designated welding position, the auxiliary roller 17 drives the connecting roller 18 and the auxiliary thread 19 to rotate. Under the action of the auxiliary thread 19, the weld position is squeezed.

[0035] A laser welding head 11, adjustable vertically, is used for precise welding of the workpiece weld. Utilizing the complete stroke of the laser welding head 11 during its descent and ascent, the connection between the first and last weld seams is treated as a single unit. This process expands the connection area, improving its smoothness. Furthermore, the change in distance between the laser welding head 11 and the workpiece during the ascent and descent ensures more concentrated laser energy focus during descent, guaranteeing full fusion at the root of the weld. During ascent, the laser energy coverage is wider, homogenizing and smoothing the surface of the weld. Through the synergistic complementarity of these two welding operations, the connection position is further optimized. To ensure the surface flatness and avoid defects such as local protrusions or depressions, the positioning jaws 16 limit the welding position to ensure welding stability. At the same time, the inductive rotary encoder 14 accurately controls the welding path of the workpiece to ensure welding accuracy. The rotation of the workpiece drives the connecting roller 18 to rotate. The auxiliary thread 19 on the connecting roller 18 plays a squeezing role during the rotation, squeezing the weld seam, effectively expelling the pores and micro-cracks inside the weld seam, promoting the densification of the weld metal, and further improving the overall welding quality and structural strength of the weld seam, achieving a dual guarantee of joint smoothness and weld strength.

[0036] The core advantage of the reversible clamping laser welding machine is its ability to precisely address the critical issues of uneven weld seam connections and susceptibility to defects. Through two complementary welding operations during the lifting and lowering of the laser welding head 11, the smoothness of the connection position is effectively improved, avoiding problems such as localized protrusions and depressions. Simultaneously, the dual clamping of the fixed gripper 5 and the positioning gripper 16, combined with the position calibration of the electric telescopic rod 4, ensures the stability of the welding process. The synergistic effect of the inductive rotary encoder 14 and the controller 20 achieves precise control of the welding path. The auxiliary thread 19 on the connecting roller 18 synchronously squeezes the weld seam, expelling internal pores and micro-cracks, promoting weld metal densification, and significantly improving the overall welding quality and structural strength. Furthermore, the electric rotating shaft 3 can drive the tooling to rotate, adapting to multi-angle welding requirements. The automated linkage of all components ensures the consistency and reliability of the entire weld seam quality while improving the adaptability and efficiency of the welding operation.

[0037] The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content described above. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of this invention, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A flip-type clamping laser welding machine tool, characterized in that, include: A laser welding machine tool body, wherein a laser welding device is fixedly connected to the top of the laser welding machine tool body, a lifting mechanism is slidably connected to the side of the laser welding device, a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting mechanism, a welding head lifting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting frame, a laser welding head is provided at the bottom of the welding head lifting rod, a balance plate is fixedly connected to the side of the laser welding head, a spherical protrusion is fixedly connected to the bottom of the balance plate, an inductive rotary encoder is provided at the bottom of the spherical protrusion, a drive shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inductive rotary encoder, a positioning gripper is rotatably connected to the side of the drive shaft, an auxiliary roller is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the positioning gripper, a connecting roller is fixedly connected to the side of the auxiliary roller, an auxiliary thread is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting roller, and a controller is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drive shaft. When the calculated path is equal to the total welding path of the welding fixture for the entire circle, minus the rotation path length of the welding fixture during the descent of the laser welding head, the welding head lifting rod drives the laser welding head to rise. During the rise, the laser welding head continues to weld the rotating fixture. The area welded during the rise of the laser welding head is the same as the area welded during the descent of the laser welding head. When the laser welding head is welding at the designated welding position, the auxiliary roller drives the connecting roller and the auxiliary thread to rotate. Under the action of the auxiliary thread, the weld position is squeezed. The lifting mechanism slides vertically along the side of the laser welding device, and the lifting mechanism drives the mounting frame to move vertically and synchronously. The balance plate and the mounting bracket are slidably connected, and the mounting bracket is U-shaped. The spherical bump is adapted to the sensing end of the inductive rotary encoder. When the laser welding head is raised and lowered to the designated welding position, the spherical bump contacts the sensing end of the inductive rotary encoder. The inductive rotary encoder is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket, and a pair of inductive rotary encoders are symmetrically arranged about the vertical central axis of the mounting bracket; The inductive rotary encoder is used to detect the real-time rotation path of the auxiliary roller and convert the path detection signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the controller. The controller receives the electrical signal and performs data calculation. A fixed plate is fixedly connected to the side of the laser welding machine tool body. An electric rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed plate. An electric telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the side of the electric rotating shaft. A fixed clamp is fixedly connected to one end of the electric telescopic rod. Welding fixtures are provided on the side of the fixed clamp.

2. The flip-type clamping laser welding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary rollers are evenly spaced about the inner wall of the positioning gripper, and a pair of positioning grippers are symmetrically arranged about the vertical central axis of the laser welding head.

3. The flip-type clamping laser welding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary threads are arranged symmetrically about the vertical center axis of the connecting roller, and the auxiliary threads are in contact with the welding fixture.

4. The flip-type clamping laser welding machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pair of fixed grippers are symmetrically arranged about the vertical central axis of the welding fixture, and the fixed grippers are used to clamp the welding fixture.

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