BIM-based steel structure color steel plate layout optimization and cutting system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of intelligent construction and building engineering, and particularly relates to a steel structure color steel plate layout optimization and cutting system based on BIM; comprising: fusing BIM geometric structure parameters and construction progress data, clustering the plates to installation package units and marking hoisting priority; deducing logistics stacking order meeting the last-in-first-out principle according to the priority, converting it into layout time constraints; combining space-time constraints to perform layout search within the inventory boundary, generating digital cutting instructions and logistics packaging schemes. The present application ensures the direct matching of plate factory stacking order and on-site hoisting order, effectively solves the problems of on-site secondary sorting and working hour consumption caused by supply-demand misalignment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent construction and building engineering technology, specifically to a BIM-based steel structure color steel plate layout optimization and material cutting system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of steel structure enclosure engineering construction, Building Information Modeling (BIM) is widely used to guide the design and construction of color steel plate components. This process involves the extraction of geometric parameters of a large number of plates, layout and cutting, and on-site installation scheduling. Existing layout optimization schemes generally adopt a static nesting strategy based on two-dimensional geometry. Its core logic is to use algorithms to tightly arrange the geometric shapes of the plates within the boundaries of the roll material specifications, with the sole goal of maximizing material utilization. Although this scheme can theoretically reduce raw material procurement costs, it severs the connection between the design model and construction data, ignores the objective spatiotemporal flow logic of the construction site and the structural logistics characteristics of the plates themselves, resulting in a serious disconnect between the stacking order of components produced in the factory and the last-in-first-out requirement of on-site hoisting. This supply and demand mismatch forces the construction site to carry out frequent secondary handling and time-consuming material retrieval and sorting. Moreover, due to the lack of layout constraints on structural attributes such as wave crest spacing and overlap direction, it is easy to produce components with cutting lines located on the sidewalls of the wave crests, which do not conform to the installation process, thereby reducing on-site installation efficiency and increasing overall construction costs.

[0003] Therefore, how to break down the information silos between design and construction, and establish a collaborative layout mechanism that balances material cost savings with the orderly time and space of on-site logistics, has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a BIM-based steel structure color steel plate layout optimization and cutting system. Specifically, the technical solution of this invention includes:

[0005] A BIM-based steel structure color steel plate layout optimization and cutting system includes:

[0006] The multi-dimensional data fusion module is used to extract the geometric parameters and structural logistics characteristics of the board material from the building information model, and to obtain the preset construction schedule data and inventory roll material specification data.

[0007] The spatiotemporal clustering grouping module is used to cluster the geometric parameters of the plate into discrete installation package units based on the spatial flow segment division and time hoisting sequence in the construction progress plan data, and to assign an installation priority label to each installation package unit and its internal plate based on the hoisting sequence.

[0008] The reverse constraint layout module is used to deduce the logistics stacking order that satisfies the last-in-first-out principle on site based on the installation priority label, and to convert the logistics stacking order into the time dimension constraint condition of the layout operation.

[0009] The multi-objective optimization solution module is used to combine the spatial dimension constraints and the time dimension constraints defined by the constructed logistics features to perform a layout path search within the boundary of the inventory roll material specification data and generate a target layout scheme.

[0010] The production collaboration output module is used to generate digital cutting instructions containing component identification and a logistics packaging scheme corresponding to the installation package unit based on the target layout scheme.

[0011] Preferably, the multidimensional data fusion module is specifically used for:

[0012] The building information model is analyzed to extract the geometric parameters of the board material, including its length, width, material, and color.

[0013] Identify the wave crest spacing, effective coverage width, overlap direction, and board joint position of the board in the building information model, and define them as the structural logistics features;

[0014] Read the construction schedule data and establish a four-dimensional spatiotemporal matrix that includes construction zones and work times.

[0015] Preferably, the spatiotemporal clustering grouping module is specifically used for:

[0016] Call the geometric parameters of the plate material and the four-dimensional spacetime matrix;

[0017] Determine which construction zone of the four-dimensional spatiotemporal matrix the spatial coordinates of the plate's geometric parameters fall into, and associate the corresponding operation time;

[0018] Boards with the same or adjacent working times should be grouped into the same installation package unit, and boards with non-adjacent working times should not be mixed together.

[0019] Preferably, the reverse constraint typesetting module is specifically used for:

[0020] Obtain the installation priority label to determine the order of on-site hoisting;

[0021] Based on the last-in-first-out (LIFO) logic, a logistics stacking order is constructed that is the reverse of the on-site hoisting sequence.

[0022] Assign a cutting sequence index to the boards, wherein the boards at the bottom of the logistics stacking order are set to have an earlier cutting sequence index than the top boards, and establish a hierarchical overlay constraint to prevent boards with high installation priority labels from being placed under the overlay layer of boards with low installation priority labels.

[0023] Preferably, the multi-objective optimization solution module performs the following spatial dimension constraint operations when performing layout path search:

[0024] Invoke the crest spacing and overlap direction in the constructed logistics features;

[0025] Establish module alignment constraints to restrict the layout cutting line from falling on the trough or the preset module node, and prohibit the cutting line from crossing the sidewall of the crest.

[0026] Establish texture direction constraints and lock the rotation angle of the sheet material on the stock roll according to the overlap edge direction to prevent the sheet material from rotating relative to the rolling direction of the stock roll.

[0027] Preferably, the multi-objective optimization solution module is also used for:

[0028] Construct a loss function that includes a material waste item and a sequence disorder item, wherein the material waste item is calculated based on the area of ​​the remaining material, and the sequence disorder item is calculated based on the number of inversions between the cutting sequence and the stacking order of the logistics.

[0029] During the layout path search process, the sequence deviation value of the current layout scheme relative to the logistics stacking order is calculated;

[0030] If the sequence deviation value is greater than the preset deviation threshold, the weight coefficient of the sequence disorder term in the loss function is increased to correct the layout order so that it matches the installation priority label.

[0031] Preferably, the production collaboration output module is specifically used for:

[0032] Based on the unique identification code in the building information model, generate QR code data containing information such as installation area, board number, and installation orientation;

[0033] The QR code data is embedded into the digital cutting instructions, driving the inkjet printer to complete the coding process while the sheet material is being cut.

[0034] Output the logistics packaging scheme, wherein the logistics packaging scheme limits the boards in the same package to belong to the same installation package unit.

[0035] Preferably, the visualization feedback module is used to respond to the scanning operation of the QR code data by the mobile terminal and highlight the installation position of the corresponding board and the overlapping relationship of adjacent boards in the building information model view of the mobile terminal.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. This invention incorporates spatial flow segments and temporal hoisting sequences from the construction schedule into the layout logic through multi-dimensional data fusion and spatiotemporal clustering. It uses a reverse constraint layout module to deduce the logistics stacking order that satisfies the last-in-first-out principle on site. This mechanism breaks the limitation of traditional layout that only focuses on material utilization, leading to supply and demand mismatch. It ensures that the logistics stacking order of the boards after leaving the factory directly matches the on-site hoisting order, thereby achieving near-zero sorting of components, significantly reducing the shift cost of on-site lifting equipment and the time consumed by manual material sourcing, and improving on-site installation efficiency.

[0038] 2. This invention addresses the problem of traditional layout easily resulting in cutting lines located on the sidewalls of wave crests, which do not meet process requirements. In its optimized solution, this invention establishes spatial constraints such as module alignment and texture direction. The system can automatically identify the wave crest spacing, effective coverage width, and overlap direction, forcibly restricting the cutting line from falling on the center line of the wave trough or a preset module node, strictly prohibiting it from crossing the sidewalls of the wave crests. This approach effectively avoids quality defects such as suspended edges and inability to interlock caused by improper cutting positions, ensuring the installation accuracy and airtight waterproof performance of steel structure enclosure projects from the source.

[0039] 3. This invention employs a comprehensive loss function that includes material waste and sequence disorder terms. It not only pursues the utilization rate of the substrate but also incorporates the compliance of the logistics sequence into the optimization objective. When the sequence deviation of the layout scheme exceeds a threshold, the algorithm automatically adjusts the weights, sacrificing a slight increase in material utilization to achieve a highly ordered stacking scheme. This mechanism resolves the contradiction of solely pursuing material saving while causing significant waste on-site. Although it may theoretically slightly reduce material utilization, it ultimately achieves a significant reduction in the overall project cost by drastically reducing on-site logistics and labor costs.

[0040] 4. This invention utilizes a production collaboration output module to generate digital instructions and QR codes containing unique component identifiers, installation areas, and orientation information, and completes the coding during the cutting process. Combined with a visualization feedback module, construction personnel only need to scan the QR code on the board to view the highlighted BIM model installation location and adjacent overlap relationships on a mobile terminal. This WYSIWYG interactive method not only eliminates installation errors but also achieves precise data flow from the BIM model to the construction site, improving the digitalization level of project management. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0044] Example 1:

[0045] Please see Figure 1 A BIM-based steel structure color steel plate layout optimization and cutting system, including:

[0046] The multi-dimensional data fusion module is used to extract the geometric parameters and structural logistics characteristics of the panels from the building information model, and to obtain the preset construction schedule data and inventory roll material specification data; the spatiotemporal clustering grouping module is used to cluster the geometric parameters of the panels into discrete installation package units based on the spatial flow segment division and time hoisting sequence in the construction schedule data, and to assign installation priority labels to each installation package unit and its internal panels based on the hoisting sequence; the reverse constraint layout module is used to deduce the logistics stacking order that satisfies the last-in-first-out principle on site based on the installation priority labels, and to convert the logistics stacking order into the time dimension constraint condition for layout calculation;

[0047] The multi-objective optimization solution module combines the spatial and temporal constraints defined by the constructed logistics characteristics to perform a layout path search within the boundaries of the inventory roll material specification data, generating a target layout scheme. The production collaboration output module generates digital cutting instructions containing component identification and a logistics packaging scheme corresponding to the installation package unit based on the target layout scheme.

[0048] This embodiment details the overall architecture and operating logic of the system, aiming to solve the problem that traditional typesetting technology only focuses on material utilization rate while ignoring the spatiotemporal logic and structural logistics characteristics of the construction site, resulting in high secondary handling costs and low installation efficiency on site;

[0049] The multi-dimensional data fusion module breaks down the information silos between design models and construction data. By connecting building information modeling software and enterprise resource planning systems through API interfaces, it not only extracts the static geometric parameters of the panels, but more importantly, it extracts the structural logistics characteristics, dynamic construction schedule data, and inventory roll material specification data. The spatiotemporal clustering and grouping module establishes an intermediate logical layer of installation package units. Based on the spatial flow segments and time hoisting sequences in the construction schedule, it clusters massive discrete panels into several discrete installation package units, and assigns a unique installation priority label to each installation package unit and each panel within it based on the hoisting sequence.

[0050] The reverse constraint layout module establishes a logical mapping between the installation sequence in the logistics world and the production sequence in the factory. It derives the logistics stacking sequence required for on-site stacking based on the installation priority label and transforms this logistics stacking sequence into a time-dimensional constraint for layout calculation. On this basis, the multi-objective optimization solution module combines the spatial-dimensional constraint defined by the constructed logistics features with the aforementioned time-dimensional constraint to perform a layout path search within the boundary of the inventory roll material specification data, generating a target layout scheme that takes into account both material cost and construction efficiency.

[0051] The production collaborative output module generates digital cutting instructions containing component identification based on the target layout scheme, and generates a logistics packaging scheme corresponding to each installation package unit. To verify the technical effectiveness of this system, a comparative experiment was conducted in a 20,000-square-meter logistics warehousing project. The control group used conventional layout software, while the experimental group used this system. The results showed that the control group experienced 156 secondary handling operations on-site, with a total material retrieval and sorting time of 128 man-hours. In contrast, the experimental group, with its installation package units and reverse constraint mechanism, achieved near-zero sorting of components on-site and minimized secondary handling. Under the condition of algorithm convergence, secondary handling approached zero, and the installation efficiency was improved by 25%. Although the average material utilization rate of the experimental group (96.5%) was slightly lower than that of the control group (97.2%), the overall project construction cost was reduced by 12.4%, strongly supporting the cost advantage of this system.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] The multidimensional data fusion module is specifically used for: parsing the building information model and extracting the geometric parameters of the boards, including length, width, material, and color; identifying the peak spacing, effective coverage width, overlap direction, and board seam location of the boards in the building information model and defining them as structural logistics features; and reading construction schedule data to establish a four-dimensional spatiotemporal matrix containing construction zones and operation times.

[0054] This embodiment further specifies the data extraction and processing logic of the multi-dimensional data fusion module. First, the module parses the building information model using the IFC standard format or a dedicated plug-in interface, traversing all the building envelope elements in the model. Besides extracting the geometric parameters of the panels, such as the length, width, material, and color of the foundation, the key focus is on identifying structural logistics characteristics. These characteristics are crucial attributes determining the interlocking quality and waterproofing performance of the panels. Specifically, they include identifying the rib height, rib top width, and rib spacing of the panel cross-section to determine the crest spacing, where the rib top width... Specifically refers to the width of the horizontal straight section at the top of the crest section, used to define the projection range of the crest sidewall; identify the actual projection width of the plate after installation, i.e. the effective coverage width, and identify the direction of the male and female fasteners on both sides of the plate, i.e. the overlap direction, while extracting the preset expansion joint or light-transmitting strip interface position in the model as the plate joint position.

[0055] The module reads the construction schedule data, maps the construction zones to the work time, and establishes a four-dimensional spatiotemporal index table containing the construction zones and work time, which is the sparse storage form of the four-dimensional spatiotemporal matrix.

[0056] The index table is stored using a key-value pair structure, specifically based on discrete time points on the time axis. The key is the set of space partitions that are in the pending installation state at that point in time. For values; in physical storage, construct sequence mappings. ,in Indicates the first A discrete time point, Indicates a point in time The first one in the pending installation state A set of spatial partitions; among which... , This mapping is used to quickly retrieve valid construction areas within any time window, accurately describing which areas are in the installation-ready state at any point in time, thus avoiding the waste of computational resources caused by using sparse high-dimensional matrices.

[0057] Example 3:

[0058] The spatiotemporal clustering grouping module is specifically used for: calling the geometric parameters of the board material and the four-dimensional spatiotemporal matrix; determining which construction zone of the four-dimensional spatiotemporal matrix the spatial coordinates of the board material's geometric parameters fall into, and associating the corresponding operation time; grouping boards with the same or adjacent operation time into the same installation package unit, and prohibiting the mixing of boards that cross non-adjacent operation times.

[0059] This embodiment is a further specification of the clustering logic of the spatiotemporal clustering grouping module; the module calls the geometric parameters of the board and the four-dimensional spatiotemporal matrix, and determines which construction zone of the four-dimensional spatiotemporal matrix the geometric center point of each board falls into through spatial coordinate determination; the system associates the corresponding operation time of the construction zone in the schedule plan, and sets a time threshold.

[0060] This time threshold The value is set based on the average workload of a single shift on site, and typically ranges from [value range missing]. The time range is set based on the fact that 4 hours corresponds to half a standard shift and 8 hours corresponds to a full standard shift. Setting the threshold within this range aims to ensure that the number of boards in the same installation package can be consumed by the on-site installation team within half a working day to avoid the risk of rust or loss due to the boards being left on-site overnight after unpacking.

[0061] Time threshold The specific calculation basis is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] in, The maximum total area of ​​sheet metal allowed to be stacked for a single installation package unit is limited by pallet load or lifting weight limit; The number of installation workers deployed for this construction zone; The average installation speed per person is expressed in square meters per person per hour. The time calculated using this formula ensures that the size of the installation package matches the actual on-site processing capacity.

[0064] Clustering is performed to group boards with the same operation time or operation time difference within a threshold range into the same installation package unit. During this process, the module sets hard constraints, which prohibits mixing boards that span non-adjacent operation times. For example, it prohibits mixing boards scheduled for different cycles into the same installation package. Even if such mixing can improve material utilization, it must take priority over time logic.

[0065] Example 4:

[0066] The reverse constraint layout module is specifically used for: obtaining installation priority labels to determine the order of on-site hoisting; constructing a logistics stacking order that is the reverse of the on-site hoisting order based on last-in-first-out logic; assigning cutting sequence indices to the boards, wherein the boards at the bottom of the logistics stacking order are set to have an earlier cutting sequence index than the top board, and establishing hierarchical overlay constraints to prohibit boards with high installation priority labels from being placed under the overlay layer of boards with low installation priority labels.

[0067] This embodiment is a further specification of the logic mapping mechanism of the reverse constraint layout module; the module obtains the installation priority label and determines the order of on-site hoisting. For example, roof installation usually follows the order from the eaves to the ridge and from one end to the other; based on the last-in-first-out logic of on-site logistics, the logistics stacking order is constructed. That is, if board A needs to be installed before board B, then board B must be stacked under or outside board A in the transport vehicle or storage yard.

[0068] The module assigns cutting sequence indices to the boards, setting the cutting sequence index of boards at the bottom of the logistics stack to be earlier than that of the top-level boards. This means the system forces the generation of a reverse production plan. (This is for boards with installation priority tags.) The board with the smallest value needs to be installed earliest, and the system assigns it to the cutting sequence index. At the end of the process, the material is cut last on the logistics production line and directly stacked on the top layer of the pallet; conversely, for the lowest priority material, the system assigns it to the beginning of the cutting sequence, so that it is cut first and placed at the bottom; this ensures that the logistics stacking order of finished products directly meets the last-in-first-out retrieval needs on site, without the need for secondary handling.

[0069] This is because on a continuous roll production line, the first cut sheets are usually placed on the bottom tray first; based on this, a hierarchical overlay constraint is established, and the layout algorithm prohibits the layout of sheets with high installation priority labels (i.e., those that need to be installed early) under the overlay layer of sheets with low installation priority labels (i.e., those that need to be installed late).

[0070] Example 5:

[0071] When performing layout path search, the multi-objective optimization solution module performs the following spatial dimension constraint operations: calls the peak spacing and overlap direction in the constructed logistics features; establishes module alignment constraints to restrict the layout cutting line from falling on the trough or the preset module node, and prohibits the cutting line from crossing the sidewall of the peak; establishes texture direction constraints to lock the rotation angle of the sheet on the inventory roll according to the overlap direction, and prohibits the sheet from rotating relative to the rolling direction of the inventory roll.

[0072] This embodiment further specifies the spatial constraint logic of the multi-objective optimization solution module. When performing the layout path search, the module first calls the peak spacing and overlap direction in the constructed logistics features; establishes modular alignment constraints, restricting the layout cutting line to fall on the trough center line or a preset modular node. The system strictly prohibits the cutting line from crossing the sidewall of the peak. Specifically, a set of forbidden cutting zones is established. Let the width direction of the roll material be... The axis, with the origin located at the left edge of the roll material, identifies the initial phase offset of the first wave crest center relative to the origin. Combined with the extracted peak spacing and rib top width , define the first The sidewall projection range of each peak is:

[0073]

[0074] in, The sum of the sidewall inclination allowance and the safety margin is given in the following formula:

[0075]

[0076] In the formula: The vertical rib height of the corrugation of the sheet material (unit: mm);

[0077] The larger of the two values—either the maximum allowable tilt angle of the cutting equipment's blade or the rib slope angle of the sheet metal sidewall—is used to ensure the established layout clearance. It is sufficient to accommodate the tool's posture and effectively prevents accidental damage to the solid sidewalls of the wave crest;

[0078] The positioning error accuracy value of the cutting equipment is usually taken as 1mm to 3mm;

[0079] For the safety factor, the value range is: The safety factor is determined based on the following: considering the slight mechanical vibration of the conveyor rollers on the production line and the shaking error of the sheet metal during high-speed cutting, a margin of 1.2 to 1.5 times the equipment accuracy is required to prevent accidental cutting and damage to the sidewalls of the wave crest.

[0080] During layout calculations, for any board material to be cut... The vertical coordinate of the cutting edge The following geometric inequality constraints must be satisfied:

[0081]

[0082] in, This represents the total number of peaks along the width direction of the stock roll material; if this constraint is violated, the algorithm determines the cutting position to be illegal and forces the cut to be made illegal. Move to the center of the adjacent trough;

[0083] To prevent the edges of the sheet from being suspended and unable to engage with other accessories due to cutting on the sidewalls of the crest; at the same time, a texture direction constraint is established, and the rotation angle of the sheet on the stock roll is locked according to the direction of the overlap edge. The system prohibits the sheet from rotating at a specific angle relative to the rolling direction of the stock roll, depending on the symmetry of the sheet shape.

[0084] Example 6:

[0085] A loss function is constructed that includes a material waste item and a sequence disorder item, wherein the material waste item is calculated based on the area of ​​the remaining material, and the sequence disorder item is calculated based on the number of inversions between the cutting sequence and the stacking order of the logistics.

[0086] During the layout path search process, the sequence deviation value of the current layout scheme relative to the logistics stacking order is calculated;

[0087] If the sequence deviation value is greater than the preset deviation threshold, the weight coefficient of the sequence disorder term in the loss function is increased to correct the layout order so that it matches the installation priority label.

[0088] This embodiment uses a simulated annealing algorithm framework, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0089] Initialization: Set the initial temperature Termination temperature and cooling coefficient Set initial weight coefficients Alternatively, an initial board layout sequence can be randomly generated based on empirical values ​​set from historical data. ;

[0090] Layout generation: based on the current sequence The left-bottom-first strategy is invoked, which prioritizes searching for the feasible position with the smallest Y-axis coordinate. If the Y-axis coordinates are the same, the position with the smallest X-axis coordinate is selected. The boards are then placed one by one into the stock rolls. If the current placement of the board violates the spatial constraint, the next feasible position is searched along the length of the roll, with the search step size set to [value missing]. To skip the current peak forbidden zone;

[0091] Energy calculation: based on the formula Calculate the current energy value of the system, i.e., the total loss value;

[0092] State transition: by exchanging sequences Generate a new sequence from the positions of any two plates. Calculate the energy difference ;like If the answer is yes, then accept the new solution directly; otherwise, use probability. Accept the new interpretation;

[0093] Cooling Iteration: Execution ,in This is the current iteration number, until... Stop the current round of search;

[0094] Feedback adjustment: Check whether the sequence bias value of the current optimal solution meets the requirements. If the conditions are not met, then a weight update operation is performed. Simultaneously update And reset the temperature to The layout path search is restarted with the updated loss function until the deviation threshold is met or the maximum number of restarts is reached.

[0095] During the layout path search process, the sequence deviation value of the current layout scheme relative to the logistics stacking order is calculated; if the sequence deviation value is greater than the preset deviation threshold, the weight coefficient of the sequence disorder term in the loss function is increased to correct the layout order so that it matches the installation priority label.

[0096] This embodiment further specifies the optimization algorithm and loss function of the multi-objective optimization solution module. To find a balance between material saving and installation efficiency, this module constructs a comprehensive loss function that includes material waste terms and sequence disorder terms. The loss function formula is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] in, Total loss value, dimensionless;

[0099] Normalized adjustment weights, representing material cost weights and logistics efficiency weights respectively, and satisfying the following conditions: .

[0100] The area of ​​waste material generated by the current typesetting scheme, i.e., the surplus material area, is expressed in square meters. The calculation method is the total area of ​​the roll material minus the effective net area of ​​all parts;

[0101] Total area of ​​roll material used in typesetting, in square meters ( );

[0102] Sequence deviation value, also known as the inversion number, is used to quantify the degree of difference between the current cutting sequence and the ideal logistics stacking order. It is dimensionless.

[0103] : Maximum possible inversion number, used to... Normalization is performed; the calculation formula is:

[0104]

[0105] in, This represents the total number of boards used in the current typesetting task.

[0106] Regarding sequence bias value The specific calculation logic is as follows:

[0107] Parse the installation priority tag as a value ,Regulation The smaller the value, the earlier the on-site installation time;

[0108] Constructing an ideal logistics stacking sequence ,in ,Right now The total number of boards; based on the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) principle, a sequence is set. The sorting rule is by The values ​​are arranged in descending order, i.e. At this point, the subscript The board material represents the one that was installed last and had its base cut first.

[0109] Define position mapping function For boards In the ideal sequence The subscript index value in, for example ;

[0110] Get the actual cutting sequence generated by the current typesetting scheme ,in subscript This represents the actual time sequence of the cutting.

[0111] Calculate the number of inversions : Statistical analysis of all conditions that meet the requirements and Integer pairs The number of; the logistical meaning of this condition is: if the actual number of plates cut first... index in the ideal sequence Larger than the material cut later subscript ,Right now For earlier installation times, this is considered a violation of stacking logic and is recorded. count;

[0112] Regarding deviation threshold Setting:

[0113] Preset deviation threshold The calculation is based on dynamic calculations using project cost parameters. The formula is as follows:

[0114]

[0115] In the formula, Material cost per unit area of ​​board material, unit: yuan / It originates from the project procurement contract price;

[0116] : Unit time shift cost of on-site lifting equipment, unit: yuan / hour, sourced from equipment rental guide price;

[0117] Preset standard installation efficiency, unit: / hour, this parameter is obtained by calculating the weighted average of the past three historical data of the same project in the enterprise's ERP system;

[0118] : Dimensionless adjustment coefficient, with a value of 0.1; the physical meaning of setting it to 0.1 is that: the problem of disorder is only allowed to be ignored when the potential secondary handling cost caused by disorder is significantly lower than 10% of the material waste cost; this coefficient is used to balance cost items of different dimensions;

[0119] During the typesetting path search process, if the sequence deviation value ratio The system automatically adjusts the weighting coefficients, and the specific formula is as follows: Simultaneously update .in This is the penalty acceleration factor, typically set at 1.5. In practical applications, a value range of [missing value] is recommended. This range of values ​​is derived based on convergence tests of a large number of examples:

[0120] when When the weight adjustment is too small, the algorithm is too slow to escape local optima; when At this point, excessive weight oscillations make it difficult for the algorithm to converge; therefore, 1.5 is selected as an empirically optimal value to balance search speed and stability; this forces the optimization algorithm to abandon some solutions with higher material utilization rates and turn to solutions whose search order better matches the installation priority labels; at this time, due to the increase in the weight of the out-of-order items, the optimization algorithm will tend to accept values ​​with slightly higher material waste rates but lower sequence deviations in energy calculations. Smaller solutions allow for compliance with logistics sequences at minimal material costs.

[0121] Example 7:

[0122] The production collaboration output module is specifically used to: generate QR code data containing installation area, board number and installation orientation information based on the unique identification code in the building information model; embed the QR code data into digital cutting instructions to drive the coding equipment to complete the coding while the board is being cut; and output a logistics packaging solution, in which the logistics packaging solution limits the boards in the same package to belong to the same installation package unit.

[0123] This embodiment further specifies the coding and packaging logic of the production collaborative output module. Based on the unique identification code of each component in the building information model, this module generates QR code data. This data includes not only the standard board number but also the installation area, installation orientation information, and the ID of the associated installation package. The system embeds the QR code data into digital cutting instructions, such as the M instruction in G code, driving the inkjet printer to complete coding on the non-visible side of the board, i.e., the overlapping inner side, while the board is being cut. The system outputs a logistics packaging plan, which, in the form of drawings or a list, specifies that the boards within the same packaging pallet must belong to the same installation package unit and clearly defines the stacking hierarchy of each package.

[0124] Example 8:

[0125] The system also includes a visualization feedback module, which responds to the scanning operation of QR code data by the mobile terminal and highlights the installation position of the corresponding board and the overlapping relationship of adjacent boards in the building information model view of the mobile terminal.

[0126] This embodiment further specifies the interactive logic of the visualization feedback module. The module runs on mobile terminals such as industrial tablets or smartphones. When on-site workers scan the QR code on the board using their mobile terminals, the module parses the QR code data and calls the lightweight building information model in the cloud or locally. In response to the scanning operation, the module highlights the accurate installation position of the corresponding board in the model view. At the same time, the system automatically retrieves and displays the installed or uninstalled boards adjacent to the board, clearly indicating their overlapping relationship, such as prompting that the left side of this board should be pressed on top of a board with a specific number.

[0127] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based steel structure color steel plate layout optimization and cutting system, characterized in that, include: The multi-dimensional data fusion module is used to extract the geometric parameters and structural logistics characteristics of the board material from the building information model, and to obtain the preset construction schedule data and inventory roll material specification data. The spatiotemporal clustering grouping module is used to cluster the geometric parameters of the plate into discrete installation package units based on the spatial flow segment division and time hoisting sequence in the construction progress plan data, and to assign an installation priority label to each installation package unit and its internal plate based on the hoisting sequence. The reverse constraint layout module is used to deduce the logistics stacking order that satisfies the last-in-first-out principle on site based on the installation priority label, and to convert the logistics stacking order into the time dimension constraint condition of the layout operation. The multi-objective optimization solution module is used to combine the spatial dimension constraints and the time dimension constraints defined by the constructed logistics features to perform a layout path search within the boundary of the inventory roll material specification data and generate a target layout scheme. The production collaboration output module is used to generate digital cutting instructions containing component identification and a logistics packaging scheme corresponding to the installation package unit based on the target layout scheme. The multidimensional data fusion module is specifically used for: The building information model is analyzed to extract the geometric parameters of the board material, including its length, width, material, and color. Identify the wave crest spacing, effective coverage width, overlap direction, and board joint position of the board in the building information model, and define them as the structural logistics features; Read the construction schedule data and establish a four-dimensional spatiotemporal matrix that includes construction zones and work times.

2. The BIM-based steel structure color steel plate layout optimization and cutting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spatiotemporal clustering grouping module is specifically used for: Call the geometric parameters of the plate material and the four-dimensional spacetime matrix; Determine which construction zone of the four-dimensional spatiotemporal matrix the spatial coordinates of the plate's geometric parameters fall into, and associate the corresponding operation time; Boards with the same or adjacent working times should be grouped into the same installation package unit, and boards with non-adjacent working times should not be mixed together.

3. The BIM-based steel structure color steel plate layout optimization and cutting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse constraint typesetting module is specifically used for: Obtain the installation priority label to determine the order of on-site hoisting; Based on the last-in-first-out (LIFO) logic, a logistics stacking order is constructed that is the reverse of the on-site hoisting sequence. Assign a cutting sequence index to the boards, wherein the boards at the bottom of the logistics stacking order are set to have an earlier cutting sequence index than the top boards, and establish a hierarchical overlay constraint to prevent boards with high installation priority labels from being placed under the overlay layer of boards with low installation priority labels.

4. The BIM-based steel structure color steel plate layout optimization and cutting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When performing layout path search, the multi-objective optimization solution module performs the following spatial dimension constraint operations: Invoke the crest spacing and overlap direction in the constructed logistics features; Establish module alignment constraints to restrict the layout cutting line from falling on the trough or the preset module node, and prohibit the cutting line from crossing the sidewall of the crest. Establish texture direction constraints and lock the rotation angle of the sheet material on the stock roll according to the overlap edge direction to prevent the sheet material from rotating relative to the rolling direction of the stock roll.

5. The BIM-based steel structure color steel plate layout optimization and cutting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-objective optimization solution module is also used for: Construct a loss function that includes a material waste item and a sequence disorder item, wherein the material waste item is calculated based on the area of ​​the remaining material, and the sequence disorder item is calculated based on the number of inversions between the cutting sequence and the stacking order of the logistics. During the layout path search process, the sequence deviation value of the current layout scheme relative to the logistics stacking order is calculated; If the sequence deviation value is greater than the preset deviation threshold, the weight coefficient of the sequence disorder term in the loss function is increased to correct the layout order so that it matches the installation priority label.

6. The BIM-based steel structure color steel plate layout optimization and cutting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The production collaboration output module is specifically used for: Based on the unique identification code in the building information model, generate QR code data containing information such as installation area, board number, and installation orientation; The QR code data is embedded into the digital cutting instructions, driving the inkjet printer to complete the coding process while the sheet material is being cut. Output the logistics packaging scheme, wherein the logistics packaging scheme limits the boards in the same package to belong to the same installation package unit.

7. The BIM-based steel structure color steel plate layout optimization and cutting system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The visualization feedback module is used to respond to the scanning operation of the QR code data by the mobile terminal and highlight the installation position of the corresponding board and the overlapping relationship of adjacent boards in the building information model view of the mobile terminal.

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