Application of demethylated sprout lactone in promoting rice heading and flowering and increasing yield in soda saline-alkali soil

Abstract

The application of demethylated germinone in promoting rice heading and flowering and increasing yield in soda saline-alkali soil, and the application relates to the rice planting technical field, in particular to an application of demethylated germinone in promoting rice heading and flowering and increasing yield in soda saline-alkali soil. The application is to solve the problems of low thousand-grain weight, yield reduction and quality decline caused by soil salinization. The application of demethylated germinone in promoting rice heading and flowering and increasing yield in soda saline-alkali soil promotes rice heading and flowering and increases yield in soda saline-alkali soil by soaking seeds and spraying a demethylated germinone dimethyl sulfoxide solution with a concentration of 0.1-10 micromoles per liter at the tillering stage. The method can be applied to large-area saline-alkali soil rice production, effectively improve yield components such as effective panicle number per plant, grains per panicle, seed setting rate and thousand-grain weight, and significantly improve the yield level of saline-alkali soil rice.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rice cultivation technology, specifically to an application method that utilizes demethyl germinolide treatment to promote heading and flowering of rice in soda saline-alkali soil and increase yield. Background Technology

[0002] Soil salinization is a global challenge for agricultural production, posing a serious threat to approximately 1 billion hectares of arable land worldwide. Currently, soil salinization is becoming increasingly severe in major grain-producing areas of Northeast, North, and Northwest my country. Therefore, improving and utilizing saline-alkali land and enhancing crop adaptability to salt-alkali stress have become urgent issues to address. As a salt-alkali sensitive grain crop, rice is adversely affected by salt-alkali stress throughout its entire growth cycle. During the vegetative growth stage, salt-alkali stress leads to stunted growth, yellowing leaves, and insufficient tillering. After entering the tillering stage, salt-alkali stress further restricts the formation of effective tillers and the accumulation of biomass. In the reproductive growth stage, it manifests as inhibited panicle differentiation, delayed heading, weakened pollen activity, and decreased seed setting rate. Simultaneously, grain filling and starch synthesis are hindered, ultimately leading to reduced thousand-grain weight, yield, and quality.

[0003] Currently, the improvement and utilization of saline-alkali land mainly relies on two technical approaches: soil improvement and enhancing crop salt and alkali tolerance. Based on this, developing novel plant growth regulators that can effectively increase crop yields in saline-alkali land is of great significance for improving agricultural productivity in such areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems of reduced thousand-grain weight, reduced yield and decreased quality caused by soil salinization, and to provide an application of demethyl germination lactone to promote heading and flowering of rice in soda saline-alkali land and increase yield.

[0005] The application of demethyl germinating lactone to promote heading and flowering of rice in soda saline-alkali soil: During the seed soaking period, a demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution with a concentration of 0.1 μmol / L-10 μmol / L was used to promote heading and flowering of rice in soda saline-alkali soil.

[0006] The application method of the demethyl germinolide in promoting heading and flowering of rice in soda-saline-alkali soil is as follows:

[0007] I. Disinfection treatment of rice seeds: Take rice seeds, first soak them in 75% ethanol for 30 seconds to wash away surface impurities, then rinse them with distilled water 3-4 times, and then use 1% sodium hypochlorite solution to disinfect them by shaking at 22℃ and 130 rpm for 30-40 minutes. After disinfection, rinse them repeatedly with distilled water 8-10 times.

[0008] II. Rice Seed Soaking Treatment: Place the disinfected seeds from step one into glass culture bottles containing a 0.1 μmol / L-10 μmol / L demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution. Soak the seeds in the dark at 30℃ for 48 hours, changing the demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution every 24 hours. After soaking, transfer the seeds to a greenhouse for seedling cultivation for one month. Subsequently, follow normal rice field management to complete the application of demethyl germinating lactone in promoting heading and flowering of rice in soda saline-alkali soil.

[0009] The application of demethyl germinating lactone to promote rice yield in soda saline-alkali land was achieved by spraying a demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution with a concentration of 0.1 μmol / L-10 μmol / L during the tillering stage.

[0010] The application method of the demethyl germinolide in promoting rice yield increase in soda-saline-alkali land is as follows:

[0011] I. Disinfection treatment of rice seeds: Take rice seeds, first soak them in 75% ethanol for 30 seconds to wash away surface impurities, then rinse them with distilled water 3-4 times, and then use 1% sodium hypochlorite solution to disinfect them by shaking at 22℃ and 130 rpm for 30-40 minutes. After disinfection, rinse them repeatedly with distilled water 8-10 times.

[0012] II. Soaking treatment of rice seeds: Place the disinfected seeds in a glass culture bottle containing distilled water and soak them in the dark in a constant temperature incubator at 30℃ for 48 hours. Change the distilled water every 24 hours. After soaking, transfer the seeds to a greenhouse for seedling cultivation. Transplant the seedlings in the field after 25-35 days of seedling cultivation.

[0013] 3. 40-50 days after rice transplanting, calculate the concentration ratio according to 50 L / mu, i.e., for an area of ​​38.7 m². 2 Spraying a dimethyl sulfoxide solution of demethyl germinol at a concentration of 0.1 μmol / L to 10 μmol / L at a dosage of 3L completes the application of demethyl germinol to promote heading and yield increase of rice in soda saline-alkali land.

[0014] Desmethyl type germinone A (dMGer) is a novel synthetic compound derived from the precursor germinone A (Ger) by removing a methyl group at the C-3 position of the five-membered furan ring. As a novel plant growth regulator, this compound has been reported to induce Arabidopsis seed germination in a gibberellin-independent manner, revealing its regulatory role in plant growth and development. Germinone significantly improves seed germination rate and seedling survival in rice under saline-alkali stress. Desmethyl type germinone exhibits even stronger biological activity and specificity, further enhancing rice's tolerance to saline-alkali stress, indicating its key role in the regulatory mechanism of rice's saline-alkali stress response and demonstrating good potential for application in saline-alkali land agricultural production.

[0015] The effects of different concentrations and treatments of demethyl germinolide on the growth, development, and yield of rice in soda-alkali soil are of great significance for elucidating its application value as a novel plant growth regulator in saline-alkali crops.

[0016]

[0017] The demethylgerminolide of this invention, as a novel plant growth regulator, effectively promotes the heading and grain-filling process of rice and increases yield per unit area, regardless of whether it is applied through seed soaking or treatment during the tillering stage. Seed soaking treatment has a more significant promoting effect on rice growth and development. Different concentrations of demethylgerminolide showed slightly different effects under different treatment methods, with the 10 μM concentration showing the best overall effect. In particular, the combination of 10 μM concentration and seed soaking treatment has a significant effect on alleviating salt-alkali stress, promoting rice heading and grain-filling, and increasing yield.

[0018] The method described in this invention is applicable to rice production on large areas of saline-alkali land and can effectively increase yield components such as the number of effective panicles per rice plant, the number of grains per panicle, the seed setting rate, and the thousand-grain weight, thereby significantly improving the yield level of rice in saline-alkali land.

[0019] This invention provides a sound foundation for agricultural production practices that promote the growth and yield of rice in saline-alkali land. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a comparative graph showing the effects of different concentrations (0.1 μmol / L, 1 μmol / L, 10 μmol / L) of demethyl germinating lactone on the chlorophyll content of rice during its vegetative growth stage, as described in Example 1.

[0021] Figure 2This is a comparison chart of chlorophyll content in rice treated with demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution at concentrations of 0.1 μmol / L, 1 μmol / L, and 10 μmol / L during the tillering stage in Example 2, compared with the control group.

[0022] Figure 3 These are comparative photographs showing the effects of Example 1 (dMGer seed soaking treatment) and Example 2 (dMGer tillering stage treatment) on rice heading and the entire growth period.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a comparative graph showing the effects of different concentrations of demethyl germinolide in dimethyl sulfoxide solution on the plant height and effective panicle number of mature rice in Example 1 (dMGer seed soaking treatment). In the figure, A represents the overall growth of rice plants after demethyl germinolide seed soaking treatment, B represents the statistical results of the plant height of mature rice under different concentrations and treatment methods, and C represents the comparative graph of the statistical results of the effective panicle number of rice under different treatments. A P value < 0.05 indicates that the difference between samples is statistically significant. The P value marked in red indicates that the statistical value of the treatment group is significantly higher than that of the control group (independent samples t test, n=15).

[0024] Figure 5 This is a comparative graph showing the effects of different concentrations of demethyl germinolide dimethyl sulfoxide solution on the plant height and effective panicle number of mature rice in Example 2 (dMGer tillering stage treatment). In the figure, D represents the overall growth of rice plants after treatment with demethyl germinolide at the tillering stage, E represents the statistical results of plant height at maturity under different concentrations and treatment methods, and F represents the comparative graph of the statistical results of the effective panicle number of rice under different treatments. A p-value < 0.05 indicates that the difference between samples is statistically significant. The p-values ​​marked in red indicate that the statistical values ​​of the treatment group are significantly higher than those of the control group (independent samples t-test, n=15).

[0025] Figure 6 These are photographs of rice panicle morphology after treatment with different concentrations of demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution in Example 1 (seed soaking);

[0026] Figure 7 These are photographs of rice panicle morphology after treatment with different concentrations of demethyl germinolide dimethyl sulfoxide solution in Example 2 (spraying during the tillering stage);

[0027] Figure 8 This is a statistical comparison chart of the panicle length, number of panicle branches, number of grains per panicle, and seed setting rate of rice treated with different concentrations of demethyl germinolide dimethyl sulfoxide solution in Example 1 (seed soaking) compared with the control group. A P value < 0.05 indicates that the difference is statistically significant. The P value marked in red indicates that the statistical value of the treatment group is significantly higher than that of the control group (independent samples t test, n=15). Where B represents panicle length, C represents number of panicle branches, D represents number of grains per panicle, and E represents seed setting rate.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a statistical comparison chart of the panicle length, number of panicle branches, number of grains per panicle, and seed setting rate of rice treated with different concentrations of demethyl germinolide dimethyl sulfoxide solution in Example 2 (spraying during the tillering stage) compared with the control group. A P value < 0.05 indicates that the difference is statistically significant. The P value marked in red indicates that the statistical value of the treatment group is significantly higher than that of the control group (independent samples t test, n=15). Where G represents panicle length, H represents number of panicle branches, I represents number of grains per panicle, and J represents seed setting rate.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a comparative graph showing the effects of different concentrations of demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution on rice grain traits in Example 1. A p-value < 0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference. Red indicates that the treatment group was significantly higher than the control group (independent samples t-test, n=15, mean value of 10 grains per replicate). In the graph, A represents rice grain length, B represents rice grain width, and C represents rice thousand-grain weight.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a comparative graph showing the effects of different concentrations of demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution on rice grain traits in Example 2. A p-value < 0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference. Red indicates that the treatment group was significantly higher than the control group (independent samples t-test, n=15, mean value of 10 grains per replicate). In the graph, D represents rice grain length, E represents rice grain width, and F represents rice thousand-grain weight.

[0031] Figure 12 This is a comparative graph showing the effects of different concentrations of demethyl germinolide dimethyl sulfoxide solution on rice yield in Example 1. A P-value < 0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference. The red P-values ​​indicate that the yield of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The "↑" in the graph indicates the percentage increase in yield of the treatment group compared to the control group (independent samples t-test; yield per plant n=15; yield per hectare n=3, converted from yield per 1m² to yield per hectare). Figure A is a statistical graph of the yield per rice plant after soaking (Example 1) with different concentrations of demethyl germinolide. Figure B shows the statistical results of the yield per unit area of ​​rice (tons / hectare).

[0032] Figure 13This is a comparative graph showing the effects of different concentrations of demethyl germinolide dimethyl sulfoxide solution on rice yield in Example 2. A P-value < 0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference. The red P-values ​​indicate that the yield of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The "↑" in the graph indicates the percentage increase in yield of the treatment group compared to the control group (independent samples t-test; yield per plant n=15; yield per hectare n=3, converted from yield per 1m² to yield per hectare). In the graph, C is a statistical graph of the yield per rice plant after different concentrations of demethyl germinolide were sprayed during the tillering stage (Example 2). In the graph, D represents the statistical results of the yield per unit area of ​​rice (tons / hectare).

[0033] Figure 14 This is a comparative table of the effects of Example 1 (dMGer seed soaking treatment) and Example 2 (dMGer tillering stage treatment) on rice heading and the entire growth period. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, but also includes any combination of the specific embodiments.

[0035] Specific implementation method one: This implementation method is used to promote the heading and flowering of rice in soda saline-alkali soil by using demethyl germinolide dimethyl sulfoxide solution with a concentration of 0.1 μmol / L-10 μmol / L during the seed soaking period.

[0036] Specific Implementation Method Two: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One in that the concentration of the demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution is 0.1 μmol / L. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0037] Specific Implementation Method 3: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method 1 or 2 in that the concentration of the demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution is 1 μmol / L. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method 1 or 2.

[0038] Specific Implementation Method Four: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Three in that the concentration of the demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution is 10 μmol / L. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Methods One to Three.

[0039] Specific Implementation Method Five: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Four in that the application method of the demethyl germinolide in promoting heading and flowering of rice in soda-saline-alkali land is as follows.

[0040] I. Disinfection treatment of rice seeds: Take rice seeds, first soak them in 75% ethanol for 30 seconds to wash away surface impurities, then rinse them with distilled water 3-4 times, and then use 1% sodium hypochlorite solution to disinfect them by shaking at 22℃ and 130 rpm for 30-40 minutes. After disinfection, rinse them repeatedly with distilled water 8-10 times.

[0041] II. Rice Seed Soaking Treatment: Place the disinfected seeds from step one into glass culture bottles containing a 0.1 μmol / L-10 μmol / L demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution. Soak the seeds in the dark at 30℃ for 48 hours, changing the demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution every 24 hours. After soaking, transfer the seeds to a greenhouse for seedling cultivation for one month. Subsequently, follow normal rice field management to complete the application of demethyl germinating lactone in promoting heading and flowering of rice in soda saline-alkali soil.

[0042] Specific Implementation Method Six: This implementation method promotes the yield increase of rice in soda saline-alkali land by applying a demethyl germinating lactone solution with a concentration of 0.1 μmol / L-10 μmol / L during the tillering stage.

[0043] Specific Implementation Method Seven: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method Six in that the concentration of the demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution is 0.1 μmol / L. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method Six.

[0044] Specific Implementation Method Eight: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method Six or Seven in that the concentration of the demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution is 1 μmol / L. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method Six or Seven.

[0045] Specific Embodiment Nine: This embodiment differs from Specific Embodiments Six to Eight in that the concentration of the demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution is 10 μmol / L. Everything else is the same as in Specific Embodiments Six to Eight.

[0046] Specific Implementation Method Ten: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods Six to Nine in that the application method of the demethyl germination lactone in promoting rice yield increase in soda-saline-alkali land is as follows.

[0047] I. Disinfection treatment of rice seeds: Take rice seeds, first soak them in 75% ethanol for 30 seconds to wash away surface impurities, then rinse them with distilled water 3-4 times, and then use 1% sodium hypochlorite solution to disinfect them by shaking at 22℃ and 130 rpm for 30-40 minutes. After disinfection, rinse them repeatedly with distilled water 8-10 times.

[0048] II. Soaking treatment of rice seeds: Place the disinfected seeds in a glass culture bottle containing distilled water and soak them in the dark in a constant temperature incubator at 30℃ for 48 hours. Change the distilled water every 24 hours. After soaking, transfer the seeds to a greenhouse for seedling cultivation. Transplant the seedlings in the field after 25-35 days of seedling cultivation.

[0049] 3. 40-50 days after rice transplanting, calculate the concentration ratio according to 50 L / mu, i.e., for an area of ​​38.7 m². 2 Spraying a dimethyl sulfoxide solution of demethyl germinol at a concentration of 0.1 μmol / L to 10 μmol / L at a dosage of 3L completes the application of demethyl germinol to promote heading and yield increase of rice in soda saline-alkali land.

[0050] The effects of the present invention were verified using the following embodiments:

[0051] The rice variety (Oryza sativa L.) used in the experiments in this specification is the salt-tolerant variety Dongdao 122.

[0052] Example 1:

[0053] The application method of methyl germination lactone to promote heading and flowering of rice in soda-alkali soil is as follows:

[0054] I. Disinfection treatment of rice seeds: Take Dongdao 122 seeds, first soak them in 75% ethanol for 30 seconds to wash away surface impurities, then rinse them with distilled water 3-4 times, and then use 1% sodium hypochlorite solution to disinfect them by shaking at 22℃ and 130 rpm for 30-40 minutes. After disinfection, rinse them repeatedly with distilled water 8-10 times.

[0055] II. Rice Seed Soaking Treatment: After disinfection in step one, the seeds were placed in glass culture bottles containing demethyl germinating lactone (DML) solutions at concentrations of 0.1 μmol / L, 1 μmol / L, and 10 μmol / L. The seeds were soaked in the dark at 30℃ for 48 hours, with the DML solution being replaced every 24 hours. After soaking, the seeds were transferred to a greenhouse for seedling cultivation. The control group was soaked in distilled water under the same conditions. Following the soaking treatment, seedlings were cultivated in the greenhouse using conventional methods for one month, after which they were transplanted into the field. Subsequent management followed normal rice field practices, thus completing the application of demethyl germinating lactone to promote heading and flowering in rice grown in soda-alkali soil.

[0056] III. Field Experiment Design. In May 2025, rice seedlings were transplanted to soda-saline-alkali paddy fields at the Alkali Land Ecological Experimental Station in Da'an City, Jilin Province (45.6°N, 123.5°E). The soil pH of the experimental field was 8.5, and the electrical conductivity (EC) was 1295 μS / cm. A randomized block design was used, with each treatment plot having an area of ​​38.7 m² (approximately 3 × 12.9 = 38.7 m²). 2 The dosage is 3 L. The planting specifications are 15 cm between plants, 30 cm between rows, and 50 cm between rows. Each plant is planted with one plant per hole.

[0057] IV. Field Management. Fertilization Method: Nitrogen fertilizer (calculated as urea) application rate is 15 kg N / mu, and phosphorus fertilizer (calculated as superphosphate) and potassium fertilizer (calculated as potassium chloride) application rate are both 6 kg / mu. Of this, 50% of the nitrogen fertilizer is applied as basal fertilizer, 25% as tillering fertilizer, and 25% as heading fertilizer; all phosphorus fertilizer is applied as basal fertilizer; 70% of the potassium fertilizer is applied as basal fertilizer, and 30% as heading fertilizer. Ensure uniform fertilizer application in all treatment areas.

[0058] V. Field Survey and Variety Evaluation. During the late vegetative growth stage of rice (60 days after sowing), chlorophyll content in the field was measured using a handheld chlorophyll analyzer between 9:00 AM and 12:00 PM. At maturity, 15 representative rice plants were selected from each plot to investigate plant height and the number of effective panicles. One representative panicle from each plant was selected for variety evaluation, with measured indicators including panicle length, number of panicle branches, total number of grains per panicle, and seed setting rate. Grain evaluation indicators included grain length, grain width, and thousand-grain weight. Finally, yield per plant and yield per unit area were calculated based on yield components.

[0059] The effect of demethyl germinating lactone soaking treatment is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 12 As shown in the figure. Compared with the control, different concentrations of demethyl germinating lactone seed soaking treatments significantly increased the chlorophyll content of rice during the vegetative growth stage and enhanced the photosynthetic capacity of the plants. Figure 1 The 1 μmol / L concentration showed the best performance. Rice is more sensitive to salt-alkali stress during its reproductive growth stage, often manifesting as inhibited panicle differentiation and delayed heading. Figure 3 and Figure 14 As shown, rice treated with seed soaking exhibited significantly earlier heading and grain-filling processes, with the entire growth period shortened by approximately 5 days compared to the control group. Maturity survey results indicated that rice treated with demethyl germinolide seed soaking showed little difference in plant height compared to the control group, but significantly better results in the number of effective panicles. The 0.1 μmol / L concentration treatment had the most significant effect on increasing the number of effective panicles. Figure 4The results of the ear-type seed examination show that ( Figure 6 , Figure 8 All concentrations of demethyl germinol seed soaking treatment significantly increased panicle length, panicle branch number, grain number per panicle, and seed setting rate in rice. Grain quality assessment results showed that ( Figure 10 Different concentrations of demethyl germinating lactone soaking treatments all had positive effects on grain length, width, and thousand-grain weight, with the 1 μmol / L concentration showing the most significant increase in thousand-grain weight. Single-plant yield analysis showed ( Figure 12 All treatment groups showed significantly higher yields than the control group, with the 1 μmol / L seed soaking treatment showing the greatest increase. Yield per unit area analysis showed (…). Figure 12 (B) Demethyl germinating lactone seed soaking treatment increased rice yield in soda saline-alkali land by 15%-20%. Specifically, the 1 μmol / L concentration treatment increased rice yield per hectare by about 17.24% compared to the control group, showing the most significant effect; the 10 μmol / L concentration treatment had the second largest yield increase, at 15.64%.

[0060] This embodiment demonstrates that seed soaking with demethyl germinolide can effectively alleviate the inhibition of rice reproductive growth on the developmental stage by soda-saline-alkali soil, promoting earlier heading and flowering and shortening the growth period. Simultaneously, demethyl germinolide seed soaking can enhance plant photosynthetic capacity, promote biomass accumulation, and significantly increase yield components such as the number of effective panicles per plant, the number of grains per panicle, the seed setting rate, and the thousand-grain weight, ultimately leading to a significant increase in rice yield in soda-saline-alkali soil.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] The application methods of demethyl germination lactone in promoting rice yield increase in soda-saline-alkali land are as follows:

[0063] I. Disinfection treatment of rice seeds: Take rice seeds, first soak them in 75% ethanol for 30 seconds to wash away surface impurities, then rinse them 4 times with distilled water, and then use 1% sodium hypochlorite solution to disinfect them by shaking at 22℃ and 130 rpm for 30 minutes. After disinfection, rinse them repeatedly with distilled water 10 times.

[0064] II. Soaking treatment of rice seeds: After disinfection in step one, put the seeds into a glass culture bottle containing distilled water and soak them in the dark in a constant temperature incubator at 30℃ for 48 hours. Change the distilled water every 24 hours. After soaking, transfer the seeds to a greenhouse for seedling cultivation. Transplant the seedlings in the field after 35 days of seedling cultivation.

[0065] Field trial design. In May 2025, rice seedlings were transplanted into soda-saline-alkali paddy fields at the Alkali Land Ecological Experimental Station in Da'an City, Jilin Province (45.6°N, 123.5°E). The soil pH of the experimental field was 8.5, and the electrical conductivity (EC) was 1295 μS / cm. A randomized block design was used, with each treatment plot having an area of ​​38.7 m². The planting specifications were: plant spacing of 15 cm, row spacing of 30 cm, and aisle width of 50 cm. Single seedlings were planted per hill.

[0066] Field Management. Fertilization Method: Nitrogen fertilizer (calculated as urea) was applied at a rate of 15 kg N / mu, while phosphorus fertilizer (calculated as superphosphate) and potassium fertilizer (calculated as potassium chloride) were both applied at a rate of 6 kg / mu. Of this, 50% of the nitrogen fertilizer was applied as basal fertilizer, 25% as tillering fertilizer, and 25% as heading fertilizer; all phosphorus fertilizer was applied as basal fertilizer; and 70% of the potassium fertilizer was applied as basal fertilizer and 30% as heading fertilizer. Ensure uniform and consistent fertilizer application across all treatment areas.

[0067] 3. 40-50 days after rice transplanting, using a concentration of 50 L / mu, each block of soda-sodium saline-alkali land will have approximately 3 m × 12.9 m = 38.7 m of soil. 2 That is, an area of ​​38.7 m² 2 Spraying with dimethyl sulfoxide solutions of demethyl germinating lactone at concentrations of 0.1 μmol / L, 1 μmol / L, and 10 μmol / L (the stock solution is prepared at 50 mmol / L, using DMSO as the solvent; 1 μmol / L working solution requires 3 L of water to dilute 60 μL of stock solution, and 10 μmol / L working solution requires 3 L of water to dilute 600 μL of stock solution) at a dosage of 3 L completes the application of demethyl germinating lactone to promote heading and yield increase in rice in soda saline-alkali land.

[0068] One week after spraying, chlorophyll content was measured using a handheld chlorophyll analyzer between 9:00 AM and 12:00 PM. The experiment was conducted in three replicates, with the average chlorophyll content of 10 rice plants in each replicate serving as the representative value (n=3, 10 plants per replicate). A p-value < 0.05 indicated statistical significance, and a p-value marked in red indicated that the chlorophyll content in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (independent samples t-test). In field rice chlorophyll content measurement, 15 representative rice plants were selected from each plot at maturity to investigate plant height and number of effective panicles. One representative panicle from each plant was selected for seed testing, measuring panicle length, number of branches, total number of grains per panicle, and seed setting rate. Grain length, grain width, and thousand-grain weight were measured for seed testing. Finally, yield per plant and yield per unit area were calculated based on yield components.

[0069] The effect of spraying with demethyl germinol during the tillering stage is shown in the figure. Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 14 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 , Figure 13 The results showed that foliar spraying of different concentrations of demethyl germinolide during the rice tillering stage could also increase the chlorophyll content of the plants. Figure 2 ), accelerating the heading and grain-filling process of rice ( Figure 3 However, its improvement was slightly lower than that of the seed soaking treatment. Field agronomic trait survey results showed that spraying demethyl germinol during the tillering stage had a certain promoting effect on increasing rice plant height and effective panicle number. Figure 5 The results of the ear trait evaluation showed that the sprayed treatment group performed better than the control group in terms of ear length, number of branches per ear, and total number of grains per ear. Figure 7 , Figure 9 The results of grain trait testing showed that spraying during the tillering stage significantly promoted grain development, and the grain length, grain width, and thousand-grain weight of each concentration treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Among them, the effect of spraying with 10 μM concentration of demethyl germination lactone was the most significant. Figure 11 Yield analysis showed that spraying during the tillering stage increased rice yield in soda-saline-alkali soil by approximately 5%-10%, a smaller increase than that of seed soaking treatment (15%-20%). Figure 13 In conclusion, spraying demethyl germinol during the rice tillering stage can also accelerate the heading and grain filling of rice in soda-saline-alkali soil and increase yield, but its yield-increasing effect is not as good as that of seed soaking treatment.

Claims

1. The application of demethyl germinolide in promoting heading and flowering and increasing yield of rice in soda-saline-alkali soil, characterized in that... During the seed germination stage, soaking the seeds in a solution of demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide at a concentration of 0.1 μmol / L-10 μmol / L promotes heading, flowering, and yield increase in rice grown in soda-saline-alkali soil.

2. The application of the demethyl germinolide according to claim 1 in promoting heading and flowering and increasing yield of rice in soda-saline-alkali soil, characterized in that... The concentration of the demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution is 0.1 μmol / L.

3. The application of the demethyl germinolide according to claim 1 in promoting heading and flowering and increasing yield of rice in soda-saline-alkali soil, characterized in that... The concentration of the demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution is 1 μmol / L.

4. The application of the demethyl germinolide according to claim 1 in promoting heading and flowering and increasing yield of rice in soda-saline-alkali soil, characterized in that... The concentration of the demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution is 10 μmol / L.

5. The application of the demethyl germination lactone according to claim 1 to promote heading and flowering and increase yield of rice in soda-saline-alkali land, characterized in that... The application method of the demethyl germinolide in promoting heading, flowering, and yield increase of rice in soda-saline-alkali soil is as follows: I. Disinfection treatment of rice seeds: Take rice seeds, first soak them in 75% ethanol for 30 seconds to wash away surface impurities, then rinse them with distilled water 3-4 times, and then use 1% sodium hypochlorite solution to disinfect them by shaking at 22℃ and 130 rpm for 30-40 minutes. After disinfection, rinse them repeatedly with distilled water 8-10 times. II. Rice Seed Soaking Treatment: Place the disinfected seeds from step one into glass culture bottles containing a 0.1 μmol / L-10 μmol / L demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution. Soak the seeds in the dark at 30℃ for 48 hours, changing the demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution every 24 hours. After soaking, transfer the seeds to a greenhouse for seedling cultivation for one month. Subsequently, follow normal rice field management to complete the application of demethyl germinating lactone in promoting heading, flowering, and yield increase in rice in soda saline-alkali soil.

6. The application of demethyl germinolide in promoting heading, grain filling, and grain development in rice grown in soda-saline-alkali soil, characterized by... Rice yield in soda-saline-alkali land can be increased by spraying a solution of demethyl germinating lactone (0.1 μmol / L-10 μmol / L) during the tillering stage. The application method of the demethyl germinolide in promoting rice yield increase in soda-saline-alkali land is as follows: I. Disinfection treatment of rice seeds: Take rice seeds, first soak them in 75% ethanol for 30 seconds to wash away surface impurities, then rinse them with distilled water 3-4 times, and then use 1% sodium hypochlorite solution to disinfect them by shaking at 22℃ and 130 rpm for 30-40 minutes. After disinfection, rinse them repeatedly with distilled water 8-10 times. II. Rice seed soaking treatment: Place the disinfected seeds from step one into a glass culture bottle containing distilled water and soak them in a 30℃ constant temperature incubator for 48 hours, changing the distilled water every 24 hours. After soaking, transfer the seeds to a greenhouse for seedling cultivation. Transplant the seedlings in the field after 25-35 days of seedling cultivation.

3. 40-50 days after rice transplanting, calculate the concentration ratio according to 50 L / mu, i.e., for an area of ​​38.7 m². 2 Spraying a dimethyl sulfoxide solution of demethyl germinolide at a concentration of 0.1 μmol / L-10 μmol / L at a dosage of 3 L completes the application of demethyl germinolide to promote increased rice yield in soda-saline-alkali land.

7. The application of the demethyl germination lactone according to claim 6 in promoting heading, grain filling, and grain development in rice grown in soda-saline-alkali soil, characterized in that... The concentration of the demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution is 0.1 μmol / L.

8. The application of the demethyl germination lactone according to claim 6 in promoting heading, grain filling, and grain development in rice grown in soda-saline-alkali soil, characterized in that... The concentration of the demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution is 1 μmol / L.

9. The application of the demethyl germinolide according to claim 6 in promoting heading, grain filling, and grain development in rice grown in soda-saline-alkali soil, characterized in that... The concentration of the demethyl germinating lactone dimethyl sulfoxide solution is 10 μmol / L.

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