A part turning device for gantry shear production

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of part turning, and particularly discloses a part turning device for gantry shear production, which comprises a mounting seat, a turning tool fixed on the mounting seat and a three-jaw chuck, two groups of fixing seats are arranged on the mounting seat and located at the front and back sides of the turning tool, a mounting ring concentrically arranged with the three-jaw chuck is rotationally arranged on the fixing seat, at least two abutting pieces are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the mounting ring, the abutting pieces elastically slide along the radial direction of the mounting ring, a driving piece for driving the abutting pieces to move towards the shaft center of the mounting ring is arranged on the mounting ring, and the mounting ring rotates along with the part after the abutting pieces abut against the part; an alternating starting mechanism of the two driving pieces is that when the turning tool feeds forward, the driving piece located in front of the turning tool is controlled to act, so that the abutting piece in front clamps the surface to be machined of the part, and the abutting piece in back is loosened at this time, so that force is not applied to the flat surface which has completed turning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of parts turning technology, specifically to a parts turning device for gantry shear production. Background Technology

[0002] Gantry shears withstand enormous impact loads and alternating stresses during operation. Key components such as blades, blade holders, guide columns, and pins must possess high hardness, high wear resistance, and good fatigue resistance. The machining quality of these key components directly determines the assembly accuracy, operational stability, and service life of the gantry shear. Turning is an important process in the production of gantry shear parts, mainly used for machining rotating surfaces, end faces, and threaded structures of shaft parts. Due to the large size of the parts, it is difficult to consistently guarantee the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the parts during machining.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN118321582B discloses a turning device for machining motor shafts, relating to the field of motor manufacturing and processing. The device includes a base, a sidewall support mechanism, a turning mechanism, and a turning movement mechanism mounted on the base. The turning movement mechanism is located on the upper surface of the base, and the turning mechanism is mounted on the turning movement mechanism. The turning movement mechanism drives the turning mechanism to move linearly for cutting. This invention's turning device for machining motor shafts, by adding a sidewall support mechanism to one side of the cutting head, supports the other side of the motor shaft, offsetting the lateral force on the cutting head. This prevents the motor shaft from being squeezed or bent during turning, ensuring a consistently balanced feed rate during the turning process. Furthermore, the sidewall support mechanism supports and fixes the motor shaft during turning, reducing turning vibration between the cutting head and the motor shaft, resulting in a smoother turn of the motor shaft.

[0004] Similar to the machining of motor shafts in the above technical solutions, the machining of long shaft parts of gantry shears also presents the problem of turning vibration between the cutter head and the part. Although the above technical solutions avoid vibration during turning by using abutment parts, the abutment parts move with the cutting tool during turning. If the roundness of the shaft part is insufficient, the abutment parts cannot always abut against the surface of the shaft part when the shaft part rotates. When the abutment parts are opposite to the outer peripheral area of ​​the shaft part that is off-center from the axis, there is a large abutting force, which may push the shaft part to bend. However, when the abutment parts are opposite to the outer peripheral area of ​​the shaft part that is close to the axis, the abutment parts cannot play a abutting role. When turning shaft parts with insufficient roundness, it is difficult to guarantee that the shaft parts will not vibrate during turning by only using abutment parts to abut against the shaft parts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a parts turning device for gantry shear production, which aims to solve the problem in related technologies that it is difficult to effectively avoid vibration of shaft parts when processing shaft parts with insufficient roundness.

[0006] A gantry shear for producing parts turning devices includes: a mounting base, a cutting tool fixed on the mounting base, and a three-jaw chuck. The mounting base has two sets of fixed seats located on the front and rear sides of the cutting tool, respectively, and the fixed seats are fixedly connected to the mounting base. A mounting ring concentrically arranged with the three-jaw chuck is rotatably mounted on the fixed seats. At least two abutment members are evenly distributed along the circumference of the mounting ring, and the abutment members can elastically slide radially along the mounting ring. The mounting ring is provided with a driving member for driving the abutment members to move towards the axis of the mounting ring. After the abutment members abut against the part, the mounting ring rotates following the part. The two driving members are alternately activated so that the abutment members abut against the part. When the cutting tool moves forward, the driving member in front of the cutting tool drives the abutment members to clamp the part; when the cutting tool moves backward, the driving member behind the cutting tool drives the abutment members to clamp the part.

[0007] Its effect is as follows: by setting fixed seats with mounting rings and abutment parts on the front and rear sides of the cutting tool, double or alternating support for the turning parts is achieved. When machining shaft parts of the gantry shear, the abutment part abuts against the surface of the part through the driving component, and the mounting ring can rotate synchronously with the part. This synchronous rotation design completely changes the contact mode of relative sliding friction between the traditional support and the part, effectively avoiding the problem of sudden change in abutment force due to insufficient roundness of the part. Because the abutment part rotates with the part, its contact point with the surface of the part remains relatively stationary in the circumferential direction, thereby providing a continuous and stable radial support force and preventing long shaft parts from bending or vibrating when subjected to turning force. Meanwhile, this invention designs an alternating start mechanism for two driving components. When the cutting tool moves forward, the driving component located in front of the cutting tool is controlled to move, so that the front abutment clamps the surface of the workpiece to be machined, while the rear abutment is released, avoiding the application of force on the already machined flat surface. When the cutting tool moves backward for machining, the driving component located behind the cutting tool is controlled to move, so that the rear abutment clamps the surface of the workpiece to be machined, while the front abutment is released. This alternating clamping mechanism ensures that the abutment always contacts only the unmachined blank surface or the surface to be machined, fundamentally avoiding scratches left on the machined workpiece surface when the abutment moves with the mounting base or when the workpiece rotates, thus improving the surface machining quality of the long shaft parts of the gantry shear.

[0008] Preferably, a bearing is installed between the mounting ring and the fixed seat. By setting the bearing, the mechanical friction between the mounting ring and the stationary fixed seat when the mounting ring rotates synchronously with the part can be greatly reduced, reducing rotational resistance and making the rotation of the mounting ring smoother and more stable. This not only reduces the energy loss and wear of the equipment and extends the service life of the equipment, but also avoids the dragging force of the abutment on the surface of the part due to excessive frictional resistance, further ensuring the stability of the part during high-speed rotary turning.

[0009] Preferably, the mounting ring has a groove running radially along the mounting ring, and the abutment is fixedly provided with a slider that slides along the length of the groove. A spring is installed between the slider and the inner wall of the groove, with one end of the spring connected to the inner wall of the slider and the other end fixedly connected to the slider. Through the cooperation of the groove and the slider, the abutment is restricted to linear movement only in the radial direction, ensuring that the direction of the supporting force is always perpendicular to the surface of the part. At the same time, the spring structure provides radial elastic buffering capacity for the abutment. When clamping a blank part with certain dimensional errors or uneven surfaces, the spring can automatically compensate for changes in radial distance, absorb minor vibrations and impacts, and enable the abutment to flexibly and tightly fit the part, preventing deformation of the part or damage to the clamping mechanism caused by rigid extrusion.

[0010] Preferably, the abutment includes a fixed rod and an abutment head, with the slider fixedly mounted on the fixed rod. The side of the abutment head closest to the part is arranged in an arc shape. Compared to flat or pointed abutment, the arc-shaped abutment head greatly increases the contact area with the surface of the part, allowing the abutment force to be distributed more evenly on the outer periphery of the part, reducing local pressure, and further reducing the risk of pinching or indenting the surface of the part during clamping or synchronous rotation. In addition, the arc shape allows the abutment head to better conform to the contour of cylindrical shaft parts, providing good envelopment and adapting to the turning support needs of various specifications of parts with certain diameter differences.

[0011] Preferably, the driving component includes a rotating ring, a first inclined platform, a second inclined platform, and a rotating pusher. The rotating ring is rotatably mounted on the mounting ring, the first inclined platform is fixedly mounted on the inner ring of the rotating ring, and the second inclined platform is formed on the fixed rod. The inclined surfaces of the first and second inclined platforms are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. By utilizing the cooperation of the inclined surfaces of the first and second inclined platforms, the circular rotational motion of the rotating ring is cleverly converted into the radial linear pushing motion of the fixed rod. This inclined platform transmission mechanism is not only compact and occupies little space, but also provides a large transmission ratio and self-locking capability, making the driving force transmission smooth and continuous. The rotating pusher drives the rotating ring to rotate at a small angle relative to the mounting ring, which can realize the synchronous radial contraction of multiple abutment parts. The action is rapid and highly consistent, ensuring that the radial support force on the parts is uniform and symmetrical.

[0012] Preferably, the abutting member moves toward the center of the mounting ring to abut the part. The rotating pushing member includes a drive motor, a protrusion, and a pushing rod. The drive motor is mounted on the mounting ring, the protrusion is fixedly disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating ring, and a pushing block that abuts against the protrusion is fixedly disposed on the output shaft of the drive motor. Using the drive motor as a power source, in conjunction with the mechanical pushing structure of the pushing block and the protrusion, automated and electronically controlled clamping operations can be achieved. The operation of the drive motor drives the pushing block to rotate or translate, pushing the protrusion, thereby forcing the rotating ring to rotate relative to it. This structure has a fast response speed and is easy to control. It can quickly complete the alternating clamping and releasing actions of the two sets of abutting members according to the forward and backward movement position command of the tool during the turning process, improving the automation level and processing efficiency of the entire gantry shear production parts turning device.

[0013] Preferably, the mounting ring is provided with multiple counterweights, the weight of which is the same as the weight of the rotating pusher. Since the rotating pusher is mounted on the mounting ring, it will break the overall mass distribution symmetry of the mounting ring. When the mounting ring rotates at high speed with the part, it is easy to generate eccentric centrifugal force and thus cause vibration. By setting counterweights of equal weight in relative positions, the mass distribution on the mounting ring can be effectively balanced, so that when the mounting ring and all its mounted components rotate, its overall center of gravity is always located at the geometric center of rotation, thereby eliminating centrifugal vibration caused by dynamic imbalance, ensuring absolute stability of turning, and guaranteeing extremely high machining accuracy.

[0014] Preferably, the driving component includes a rotating ring, a third inclined platform, a fourth inclined platform, and a telescopic pusher. The rotating ring is slidably mounted on the mounting ring in the front-to-back direction. The third inclined platform is fixedly mounted on the inner ring of the rotating ring and is formed on the fixed rod. The inclined surfaces of the third and fourth inclined platforms correspond one-to-one. The effect is that it provides a novel driving scheme based on the conversion of axial linear motion into radial clamping motion. Under the push and pull of the telescopic pusher, the rotating ring slides along the axial direction of the mounting ring, i.e., the front-to-back direction. The wedge-shaped surfaces of the third and fourth inclined platforms press against each other, forcing the fixed rod to move closer to the axial direction. The direction of this axial thrust is perpendicular to the direction of the centrifugal force of the mounting ring's rotation. During high-speed rotation, the structure is less susceptible to interference from centrifugal forces, and the clamping state is maintained more stably and reliably.

[0015] Preferably, the telescopic pusher is an electric telescopic rod, and multiple electric telescopic rods are arranged circumferentially along the mounting ring. The electric telescopic rods extend and retract synchronously to move the rotating ring mounting ring axially. The effect is that by using multiple electric telescopic rods evenly distributed circumferentially and moving synchronously, a uniform and powerful axial thrust can be provided to the rotating ring, preventing tilting or jamming during sliding. This ensures a smooth and unobstructed pressing process between the third and fourth inclined platforms, allowing all contacting parts to move towards the center and contact the part absolutely synchronously. This not only provides strong clamping force and stable support, but the electric telescopic rods also have a self-locking function, maintaining thrust even when power is off or no command is issued, thus improving safety during processing.

[0016] Preferably, a rubber sleeve is fixedly installed on the mounting base, covering the outer circumference of the mounting ring, with the inner ring of the rubber sleeve contacting the outer circumference of the part. The effect is that the rubber sleeve forms a physical protective barrier, effectively preventing high-temperature metal chips, cutting fluid, and dust splashed during turning from entering the gap between the mounting ring and the part or the moving parts of the abutment mechanism. Because its inner ring directly contacts the outer circumference of the part, it provides excellent sealing and chip removal, preventing chips from adhering to the part surface and being forcibly pressed into the machined surface of the part during alternating movement or clamping of the abutment mechanism. This maintains the high cleanliness of the part surface, avoiding surface scratches and indentations, and also protects the internal sliding and rotating components from contamination and jamming.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By setting a mounting ring that rotates concentrically with the chuck and an abutment that can rotate with the mounting ring and move radially elastically, the abutment can rotate synchronously with the part when supporting it. This completely eliminates the problem of local compression overload or support failure and detachment caused by relative friction between the part and the stationary support during rotation due to insufficient roundness of the part. This ensures that the radial support of large shaft parts is always in a stable and flexible state, reduces vibration during the turning process, and improves the dimensional accuracy of gantry shear parts turning. 2. By setting two sets of driving components and abutment components located on the front and rear sides of the cutting tool, and adopting an alternating start working mode, depending on the forward or backward feed direction of the cutting tool, only the abutment component located on the unmachined area surface at the front end of the cutting tool is supported and clamped, while the abutment component located on the machined surface is released. In principle, this completely avoids the support structure from dragging or clamping on the smooth surface of the machined part, effectively preventing surface scratches and greatly improving the surface quality of the machined parts. 3. By adding a rubber sleeve structure to the mounting base that covers the outer circumference of the mounting ring and fits the part, this structure has both flexible sealing and chip removal functions. During turning operations, it can prevent cutting chips and iron filings from seeping into the clamping mechanism or adhering to the supported surface of the part. It also avoids pressing hard chips into the part body when the abutting part moves. This protects the internal slides and ramps of the mechanism from abrasive wear and keeps the surface of the part clean, ensuring a high level of completion in turning. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting ring and rotating ring of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the driving component of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the driving component of the present invention.

[0024] Figure label: 1. Mounting base; 2. Lathe tool; 3. Three-jaw chuck; 4. Fixed base; 5. Mounting ring; 51. Slide groove; 52. Slider; 53. Spring; 6. Abutment; 61. Fixed rod; 62. Abutment joint; 7. Driving component; 71. Rotating ring; 72. First inclined platform; 72. Second inclined platform; 73. Rotating pusher; 731. Drive motor; 732. Protrusion; 733. Push rod; 74. Counterweight; 75. Third inclined platform; 76. Fourth inclined platform; 77. Telescopic pusher; 8. Rubber sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0026] like Figures 1-6As shown, a gantry shear-based parts turning device comprises a mounting base 1, a cutting tool 2, a three-jaw chuck 3, a fixed base 4, a mounting ring 5, abutment parts 6, and a driving component 7. When machining shaft-type parts, the three-jaw chuck 3 clamps both ends of the shaft-type parts. When placing the shaft-type parts, the ends of the abutment parts 6 are spaced apart to allow the shaft-type parts to pass unobstructed through the mounting ring 5. Then, the driving component 7 drives the movable ends of the abutment parts 6 to move closer together, allowing the shaft-type parts to be abutted. When turning the outer circumference of the shaft-type parts, the fixed base 4 moves with the mounting base 1. The mounting ring 5 has two parts, front and rear, which abut against the shaft-type parts during multiple turning feeds. Part 6 abuts against the surface of the shaft-like part to be machined. When the cutting tool 2 moves forward, the driving component 7 located in front of the cutting tool 2 starts and drives the abutting component 6 to clamp the part. At this time, the rear abutting component 6 is released. When the cutting tool 2 moves backward, the driving component 7 located behind the cutting tool 2 starts and drives the abutting component 6 to clamp the part. At this time, the front abutting component 6 is released. The two driving components 7 are activated alternately so that the abutting component 6 alternately abuts against the part, avoiding scratches left on the surface of the machined workpiece when the abutting component 6 moves with the mounting base 1 or during abutment. After the abutting component 6 abuts against the part, the mounting ring 5 rotates synchronously with the part, thereby avoiding relative sliding friction between the support component and the part.

[0027] The cutting tool 2 is fixed on the mounting base 1, which can slide in the front-to-back direction. Specifically, the part turning device includes a lathe. The mounting base 1 is fixedly mounted on the lathe's traveling mechanism. The traveling mechanism drives the mounting base 1 to move. The three-jaw chuck 3 is mounted on the lathe's spindle. The mounting base 1 is provided with two sets of fixed seats 4 located on the front and rear sides of the cutting tool 2 and fixedly connected to the mounting base 1. The fixed seats 4 are rotatably mounted with mounting rings 5 ​​that are concentric with the three-jaw chuck 3.

[0028] Mounting base 1 serves as the basic load-bearing component of the entire device, bearing various loads during turning and providing a stable support connection point for fixed base 4. The cutting tool 2 performs feed cutting on mounting base 1, and the three-jaw chuck 3 provides clamping force and rotational power for shaft parts. Fixed base 4 is fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the cutting tool 2, maintaining the support force points at the front and rear ends of the cutting area. Mounting ring 5 is concentrically set with three-jaw chuck 3, so that the long shaft parts of the gantry shear passing through it can obtain radial support consistent with the axis of rotation, preventing the parts from eccentrically shaking during processing.

[0029] A bearing is installed between the mounting ring 5 and the fixed seat 4. The bearing reduces the mechanical frictional resistance between the mounting ring 5 and the stationary fixed seat 4 when the mounting ring 5 rotates synchronously with the part, making the rotation of the mounting ring 5 smooth and stable. This not only reduces the energy loss of the equipment, but more importantly, it prevents the mounting ring 5 from laging due to excessive frictional resistance, and prevents the abutment part 6 from generating a drag force on the surface of the part, thus ensuring the dynamic stability of the part during the rotary turning process.

[0030] The mounting ring 5 is provided with a groove 51, a slider 52, and a spring 53. The groove 51 is opened radially on the mounting ring 5. At least two abutting members 6 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the mounting ring 5. The slider 52 is fixedly mounted on the fixing rod 61 and slides along the length of the groove 51. The spring 53 is installed between the slider 52 and the inner wall of the groove 51. One end of the spring 53 is connected to the inner wall of the slider 52, and the other end is fixedly connected to the slider 52, thereby allowing the abutting member 6 to slide elastically along the radial direction of the mounting ring 5. The abutting member 62 is fixedly mounted on the fixing rod 61, and the side of the abutting member 62 closest to the part is arranged in an arc shape.

[0031] The groove 51, which is radially opened on the mounting ring 5, cooperates with the slider 52 fixed on the fixed rod 61, restricting the abutment 6 to only move linearly back and forth along the radial direction of the mounting ring 5. This prevents the abutment 6 from deflecting when subjected to the cutting tangential force generated by the cutting tool 2, and ensures that the supporting force is perpendicular to the center of the part. The introduction of the spring 53 gives the abutment 6 elastic buffering ability in radial movement. When clamping a blank part with certain dimensional errors or insufficient surface roundness, the spring 53 can automatically extend and retract to compensate for changes in radial distance, absorb vibration and impact, and make the abutment 6 fit against the surface of the part, preventing rigid extrusion from causing deformation of the part.

[0032] The abutment member 6 includes a fixed rod 61 and an abutment joint 62. The abutment joint 62 is close to the shaft-like part. The fixed rod 61 is fixedly connected to the slider 52. The fixed rod 61 provides a structural force transmission carrier for radial force, while the abutment joint 62 at the end is arranged in an arc shape, which increases the contact area with the surface of the cylindrical part, making the abutment force more evenly distributed, reducing local pressure, reducing the risk of pinching and indenting the surface of the part, and the arc shape feature allows the abutment joint 62 to better enclose and adapt to the turning support requirements of gantry shear parts of different diameters.

[0033] The driving component 7 includes a rotating ring 71, a first inclined platform 72, a second inclined platform 72, a rotating pusher 73, and a counterweight 74. The rotating pusher 73 includes a drive motor 731, a protrusion 732, and a pusher block. The rotating ring 71 is rotatably mounted on the mounting ring 5. The first inclined platform 72 is fixedly mounted on the inner ring of the rotating ring 71. The second inclined platform 72 is formed on the fixed rod 61. The inclined surfaces of the first and second inclined platforms are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The drive motor 731 is mounted on the mounting ring 5. The protrusion 732 is fixedly mounted on the outer periphery of the rotating ring 71. A pusher block that abuts against the protrusion 732 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 731. Multiple counterweight blocks 74 are provided on the mounting ring 5. The weight of the counterweight blocks 74 is the same as the weight of the rotating pusher 73.

[0034] The output shaft of the drive motor 731 rotates, causing the push block to move and push the protrusion 732, thereby forcing the rotating ring 71 to rotate circumferentially relative to the mounting ring 5. When the rotating ring 71 rotates, the first inclined platform 72 fixed on the inner ring of the rotating ring 71 moves circumferentially, and its inclined surface pushes the second inclined platform 72 on the fixed rod 61, converting the circumferential rotation of the rotating ring 71 into a linear motion of the fixed rod 61 moving along the slide groove 51 towards the center of the mounting ring 5 against the elastic force of the spring 53. This inclined surface transmission mechanism has a compact structure, which makes the driving force transmission continuous and ensures that multiple abutment parts 6 can synchronously retract radially and clamp the parts.

[0035] Since the rotational pushing component 73, such as the drive motor 731, is mounted on the mounting ring 5 on one side, it will disrupt the mass balance. The setting of multiple counterweights 74 offsets this eccentric weight, so that when the mounting ring 5 and its mounted components rotate, the overall center of mass is located on its geometric center of rotation, eliminating centrifugal vibration caused by dynamic imbalance and ensuring the smoothness of turning under rotation.

[0036] The drive component 7 can also be replaced by a rotating ring 71, a third inclined platform 75, a fourth inclined platform 76, and a telescopic pusher 77. The telescopic pusher 77 includes an electric telescopic rod. The rotating ring 71 is slidably mounted on the mounting ring 5 in the front-back direction. The third inclined platform 75 is fixedly mounted on the inner ring of the rotating ring 71. The fourth inclined platform 76 is opened on the fixed rod 61. The inclined surfaces of the third inclined platform 75 and the inclined surfaces of the fourth inclined platform 76 are arranged one-to-one. Multiple electric telescopic rods are arranged along the circumference of the mounting ring 5. The output end of the electric telescopic rod is connected to the rotating ring 71. The electric telescopic rods extend and retract synchronously to make the rotating ring 71 move axially along the mounting ring 5.

[0037] Multiple electric telescopic rods are arranged circumferentially along the mounting ring 5 and extend and retract synchronously, providing uniform axial thrust to the rotating ring 71. This prevents the rotating ring 71 from tilting during sliding and ensures smooth axial movement of the rotating ring 71 along the mounting ring 5. When the rotating ring 71 slides axially, the inclined surface of the third inclined platform 75 presses against the fourth inclined platform 76 on the fixed rod 61, converting the axial thrust of the electric telescopic rods into radial thrust as the fixed rod 61 moves toward the center of the mounting ring 5. This causes the abutment 6 to move synchronously toward the center and contact the clamping part. This design scheme, which generates radial clamping force based on axial movement, has a pushing force direction that is perpendicular to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the mounting ring 5. Therefore, in the rotating turning process, its structure is not easily disturbed by centrifugal force, and the clamping state is maintained stably. Furthermore, the electric telescopic rods have a self-locking function, which can maintain the thrust when the power is off or no command is received, improving the safety of the machining process.

[0038] A rubber sleeve 8 is also provided on the mounting base 1. The rubber sleeve 8 is fixedly installed on the mounting base 1 and covers the outer periphery of the mounting ring 5. The inner ring of the rubber sleeve 8 contacts the outer periphery of the part. The rubber sleeve 8 integrates the effects or functions of the various components. The rubber sleeve 8 forms a protective barrier covering the outside of the mounting ring 5, which can prevent high-temperature metal chips and cutting fluid splashed during turning from entering the gap between the mounting ring 5 and the part or the sliding part of the abutment 6. Since the inner ring of the rubber sleeve 8 is in direct contact with the outer periphery of the part that passes through it, the rubber sleeve 8 plays a sealing and chip-scraping role. When the part rotates and moves relative to it, it scrapes away impurities on the surface of the part at any time, avoiding the chips generated during turning from adhering to the outer periphery of the part to be supported. This eliminates the risk of metal chips being pressed and embedded into the machined or unmachined surface of the shaft part when the abutment 6 moves back and forth to clamp it, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the part surface and avoiding surface scratches and indentation defects. At the same time, it also protects the internal slide groove 51 and inclined platform assembly from chip wear.

[0039] Working principle of the invention: Before machining the shaft parts of the gantry shear, the shaft parts are passed through the front and rear sets of fixed seats 4 and the mounting rings 5 ​​inside the mounting base 1. At this time, the drive unit 7 is not activated, and the abutment 6, under the reset action of the spring 53, retracts radially outward along the slide groove 51, keeping the abutment joints 62 at the ends of the fixed rod 61 far apart. This ensures that long shaft parts can pass through the interior of the mounting rings 5 ​​without interference. After the part is placed in position, one end of the shaft part is clamped and centered by the three-jaw chuck 3.

[0040] After preparation, the cutting tool 2 moves along the axial direction of the part to cut the outer cylindrical surface of the shaft-type part. Since gantry shear machining requires multiple reciprocating turning feeds, when the cutting tool 2 moves forward from one side to the other for cutting, the surface of the part in front of the cutting tool 2 is still the surface to be machined. At this time, the drive unit 7 located in front of the cutting tool 2 is activated. For the drive unit 7 in the first embodiment, the drive motor 731 is energized, driving the push block to move and push the protrusion 732 on the rotating ring 71, causing the rotating ring 71 to rotate relative to the mounting ring 5. The inclined surface of the first inclined platform 72 pushes against the second inclined platform 72 on the fixing rod 61. For the drive unit 7 in the second embodiment, multiple electric telescopic rods extend synchronously, pushing the rotating ring 71 to move axially along the mounting ring 5, and the inclined surface of the third inclined platform 75 presses against the fourth inclined platform 76. All of these forces the multiple abutment members 6 on the front mounting ring 5 to overcome the resistance of the spring 53 in the slide groove 51 and move towards the center of the mounting ring 5, ultimately causing the abutment member 62 to abut against the surface to be machined in front of the part. At the same time, the drive member 7, located behind the cutting tool 2, remains in a released state, and the rear abutment member 6 retracts, not contacting the already machined flat surface. This single-sided clamping method provides radial support in front of the cutting point, preventing the part from bending under stress, and also avoids leaving scratches on the machined workpiece surface by the abutment member 6.

[0041] When the three-jaw chuck 3 rotates the shaft-like parts, the abutment 6 at the front abuts the parts, and a bearing is installed between the mounting ring 5 and the fixed seat 4. The abutment 6 and the entire mounting ring 5 rotate synchronously with the shaft-like parts under the influence of friction on the part's surface. Even if the cross-section of the gantry shear blank part has insufficient roundness, the abutment 62 remains relatively stationary with the part's surface because the abutment 6 rotates with the part. For radial fluctuations caused by roundness errors during part rotation, the spring 53 in the slide 51 automatically compresses or extends to absorb the pulsations, ensuring that the abutment 62 always fits against the part's surface, eliminating sudden changes in abutment force caused by insufficient roundness.

[0042] When the cutting tool 2 completes a pass and needs to move backward for machining, the front and rear support systems switch. The front drive member 7 is released, and the front abutment member 6 is released under the action of spring 53; then the drive member 7 located behind the cutting tool 2 is activated, causing the rear abutment member 6 to retract towards the axis and clamp onto the surface to be machined on this side. This alternating clamping mechanism ensures that the abutment member 6 always avoids the machined surface, effectively preventing scratches on the surface of shaft-like parts. Throughout the machining and alternating clamping process, the rubber sleeve 8 fixed on the mounting base 1 always uses its inner ring to fit against the outer circumference of the part, blocking and scraping away splashed metal debris, ensuring that the surface of the part entering the clamping area of ​​the mounting ring 5 is clean, and preventing the abutment member 6 from pressing debris into the shaft-like parts when moving back and forth and clamping again, thus ensuring the surface quality of the machined part. After the turning is completed, the spindle stops rotating, both drive members 7 retract to release the abutment member 6, and the three-jaw chuck 3 can be released to remove the machined gantry shear part.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A parts turning device for gantry shear production, comprising a mounting base, a cutting tool fixed on the mounting base, and a three-jaw chuck, characterized in that: The mounting base has two sets of fixed seats located on the front and rear sides of the cutting tool, respectively. A mounting ring concentrically positioned with the three-jaw chuck is rotatably mounted on the fixed seat. The mounting ring has a radial groove. At least two abutment members are evenly distributed along the circumference of the mounting ring. A slider that slides along the length of the groove is fixedly mounted on the abutment member. A spring is installed between the slider and the inner wall of the groove. One end of the spring is connected to the inner wall of the slider, and the other end is fixedly connected to the slider. The abutment member slides elastically along the radial direction of the mounting ring. The abutment member includes a fixed rod and an abutment head. The slider is fixedly mounted on the fixed rod. The side of the abutment head closest to the part is arranged in an arc shape so that the abutment head can adapt to parts of different diameters. The mounting ring is equipped with a driving component for driving the abutment to move toward the axis of the mounting ring. The driving component includes a rotating ring rotatably mounted on the mounting ring, a first inclined platform fixedly mounted on the inner ring of the rotating ring, a second inclined platform formed on a fixed rod, and a rotational pusher. The inclined surfaces of the first and second inclined platforms are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence so that when the rotating ring rotates, the first inclined platform pushes the second inclined platform to move toward the axis of the mounting ring. The rotational pusher includes a drive motor mounted on the mounting ring, a protrusion fixedly mounted on the outer circumference of the rotating ring, and a pusher rod. A pusher block that abuts against the protrusion is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor. After the abutment moves toward the center of the mounting ring and abuts against the part, the mounting ring rotates with the part. The mounting ring is equipped with multiple counterweights, the weight of which is the same as the weight of the rotational pusher, so that when the mounting ring rotates, the mass distribution on the mounting ring is balanced, and the center of gravity of the mounting ring is located at its geometric center. Two drive components are activated alternately so that the abutment component abuts the workpiece. When the cutting tool moves forward, the drive component in front of the cutting tool drives the abutment component to clamp the workpiece. When the cutting tool moves backward, the drive component behind the cutting tool drives the abutment component to clamp the workpiece, so as to avoid scratching the surface of the machined workpiece when the abutment component moves with the mounting base.

2. The gantry shear parts turning device for production according to claim 1, characterized in that, A bearing is installed between the mounting ring and the fixed seat to reduce friction between the mounting ring and the mounting seat when the mounting ring rotates.

3. The gantry shear parts turning device for production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving component includes a rotating ring, a third inclined platform, a fourth inclined platform, and a telescopic pushing component. The rotating ring is slidably mounted on the mounting ring in the front-to-back direction. The third inclined platform is fixedly mounted on the inner ring of the rotating ring. The fourth inclined platform is formed on the fixed rod. The inclined surfaces of the third and fourth inclined platforms are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence so that when the rotating ring rotates, the abutment moves toward the center of the mounting ring.

4. The gantry shear parts turning device for production according to claim 3, characterized in that, The telescopic pusher is an electric telescopic rod, which extends and retracts in the front-to-back direction. A rotating ring is installed at the movable end of the electric telescopic rod. Multiple electric telescopic rods are arranged around the circumference of the mounting ring. The electric telescopic rods extend and retract synchronously to make the rotating ring move along the axial direction of the mounting ring, and then the third inclined platform squeezes the fourth inclined platform, causing the abutment to move toward the center of the mounting ring.

5. The gantry shear parts turning device for production according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, A rubber sleeve is fixedly installed on the mounting base. The rubber sleeve covers the outer circumference of the mounting ring, and the inner ring of the rubber sleeve contacts the outer circumference of the part, thereby preventing machining debris from adhering to the outer circumference of the part.

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