A novel eccentric rotating sleeve shoe and method of use
By designing an eccentric rotating casing guide shoe, the automatic rotation of the spiral guide bar and spiral blade eliminates shear stress. Combined with high-pressure fluid drive, the problems of low efficiency and poor stability of the casing guide shoe during the lowering process are solved, achieving efficient and stable casing lowering and eye expansion effects.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DONGYING XIN HUALIAN PETROLEUM MACHINERY
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
Smart Images
Figure CN121875627B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil drilling equipment technology, and in particular to a novel eccentric rotating casing guide shoe and its usage method. Background Technology
[0002] During the cementing or completion process of oil wells, the casing string needs to be guided by a guide shoe to be run into the predetermined position. However, with the emergence of horizontal wells or extended reach wells, wellbore necking, blockage, and sand bridging often occur, making it impossible to run the casing string into the predetermined position.
[0003] Patent application CN201420701055.0 discloses a rotating reaming guide shoe. The lower outer surface of the reaming body of this device is inlaid with tungsten carbide hard alloy. A valve core is connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the reaming body. The upper end of a rotating eccentric guide passes through the valve core and can rotate freely within it. A pressure cap is connected to the outer wall of the upper end of the rotating eccentric guide, and the pressure cap is hooked onto the valve core. This device can reduce the resistance of casing lowering, ensuring the smooth lowering of casing to the designed position in highly deviated and horizontal wells. However, the above technical solution has the following problems:
[0004] First, the reaming body and the casing string are fixedly connected, and the reaming body cannot rotate relative to the casing string. When reaming is required, manual rotation of the casing is required, which results in high labor intensity and low reaming efficiency for workers.
[0005] Secondly, when encountering a sand bridge, the sand bridge will exert an axial impact force on the rotating eccentric guide head. This impact force will be transmitted to the casing string through the reaming body, affecting the connection stability of the casing string.
[0006] Third, when the sand bridge area is large, the rotating eccentric guide head cannot completely pass through the sand bridge. At this time, the reaming body is located above the sand bridge, and the reaming operation cannot be performed by rotating the sleeve, resulting in the sleeve string not being able to be lowered to the predetermined position.
[0007] In summary, there is an urgent need for a casing guide shoe that is highly efficient in screwing, can reduce the labor intensity of workers, and can fully ensure the smooth lowering of the casing string to the predetermined position. Summary of the Invention
[0008] To solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an eccentric rotating sleeve guide shoe, comprising a lower housing, an upper housing rotatably connected to the top of the lower housing, a telescopic sleeve connected to the bottom of the lower housing, an eccentric guide head connected to the bottom of the telescopic sleeve, a plurality of helical guide strips equidistantly arranged on the outer circumference of the lower housing, and a first turbine connected to the inner sidewall of the lower housing. The telescopic sleeve includes an outer cylinder coaxially connected to the lower housing, an inner cylinder coaxially connected to the eccentric guide head, and springs connecting the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder respectively. A plurality of helical blades with downward-pointing tips extending towards the eccentric guide head are equidistantly arranged on the outer circumference of the outer cylinder.
[0009] Preferably, the lower housing includes a cylindrical shell body and a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe includes a pipe body, a first annular flange connected to the shell body is provided on the lower side of the outer side wall of the pipe body, a first pressure cap is screwed onto the upper side of the outer side wall of the pipe body, a first turbine is provided on the inner side wall of the pipe body, a threaded section is provided on the upper side wall of the upper housing, a second annular flange is provided on the lower side of the inner side wall of the upper housing, the inner side wall of the second annular flange rotates to abut against the pipe body, the lower end face of the second annular flange rotates to abut against the upper end face of the first annular flange, and the upper end face of the second annular flange rotates to abut against the lower end face of the first pressure cap.
[0010] Preferably, the eccentric guide includes a hollow eccentric head, a liquid outlet hole on the eccentric head, a plug-in ring on the inner side of the upper end face of the eccentric head, and a second pressure cap connected to the plug-in ring. The outer side of the upper end face of the eccentric head is connected to the inner cylinder. The bottom of the inner wall of the shell body is provided with a third annular flange. The lower end face of the third annular flange is connected to the outer cylinder. The inner wall of the third annular flange rotates and abuts against the outer wall of the plug-in ring. The upper end face of the third annular flange rotates and abuts against the lower end face of the second pressure cap.
[0011] Preferably, the inner cylinder rotates to abut against the upper end face of the eccentric head, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are circumferentially locked, the inner sidewall of the insertion ring is connected to the second turbine, and a jet hole is provided between two adjacent spiral guide strips on the lower housing.
[0012] Preferably, the outer cylinder includes an upper ring and first upper inserts circumferentially spaced outside the lower end face of the upper ring, and the inner cylinder includes a lower ring and first lower inserts circumferentially spaced outside the upper end face of the lower ring. The first lower inserts can be sealed and inserted between two adjacent first upper inserts, and the first upper inserts can be sealed and inserted between two adjacent first lower inserts. The upper end of the spiral blade is connected to the first upper insert, and the lower end of the spiral blade slides against the first lower insert.
[0013] Preferably, the lower end face of the upper ring is provided with a plurality of second upper inserts at equal intervals around the circumference. The second upper inserts are disposed inside the first upper inserts and block the gap between two adjacent first upper inserts. The upper end face of the lower ring is provided with a plurality of second lower inserts at equal intervals around the circumference. The second lower inserts are disposed inside the second lower inserts and block the gap between two adjacent first lower inserts. The second upper inserts can be sealed and inserted between two adjacent second lower inserts, and the second lower inserts can be sealed and inserted between two adjacent second upper inserts.
[0014] Preferably, the first turbine includes a central shaft, a connecting ring coaxial with the central shaft, and a plurality of blades circumferentially spaced between the central shaft and the connecting ring, wherein the connecting ring is connected to the lower housing.
[0015] Preferably, the spiral blade is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, with the upper end face of the spiral blade facing the lower end face of the spiral guide bar, and the two have equal areas.
[0016] Preferably, the lower housing is provided with a central tube, which includes a tube body that slides into the insertion ring and has an open bottom. The top of the tube body is provided with an upwardly tapered frustum-shaped connecting part, which is connected to the central shaft of the first turbine. Several flow holes are provided at equal intervals around the lower circumference of the tube body sidewall. When the eccentric guide head moves upward, the insertion ring can block the flow holes.
[0017] This invention provides a method for using an eccentric rotating sleeve guide shoe, comprising the following steps:
[0018] Step S1: Install the upper housing of the eccentric rotating sleeve guide shoe at the lower end of the sleeve string, and then carry out the sleeve lowering operation;
[0019] Step S2: When the lower end of the casing string reaches the vicinity of the cuttings bed, the cuttings generate shear stress perpendicular to the axial direction on the spiral guide bar and spiral blade. The spiral guide bar and spiral blade drive the lower shell to rotate to eliminate the shear stress and reduce the frictional resistance of the casing string during the lowering process. At the same time, the eccentric rotating casing guide shoe guides the open hole trajectory by itself, which has a guiding function. It can also automatically trim the well wall through the spiral guide bar and spiral blade to achieve the enlargement effect, which helps the casing string to be lowered to the predetermined position.
[0020] Step S3: When it is necessary to enhance the enlargement efficiency, high-pressure fluid is injected into the casing string. When the high-pressure fluid flows through the first turbine, it converts the fluid energy into traction torque, which drives the lower casing, spiral guide bar and spiral blade to rotate rapidly, which can quickly trim the well wall and enlarge the hole.
[0021] Step S4: When the casing string encounters a sand bridge during lowering, the eccentric guide head can rotate to avoid the sand bridge. Simultaneously, it moves upward under the push of the sand bridge, and the spring is compressed to absorb the impact of the sand bridge on the eccentric guide head, protecting the casing string. The inner cylinder moves upward with the eccentric guide head, and the spiral blade on the outer wall of the outer cylinder extends downward to the eccentric guide head until the spiral blade pierces the sand bridge. At this time, high-pressure fluid is injected into the casing string. The high-pressure fluid drives the lower shell, spiral guide bar, and spiral blade to rotate rapidly. The spiral blade can quickly break the sand bridge. After the sand bridge is broken, the resistance experienced by the eccentric guide head and casing string disappears and it continues to move downward. The spring extends and resets. During the downward movement, the spiral guide bar quickly trims the well wall and enlarges the hole to ensure that the casing string can be lowered smoothly.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
[0023] 1. The present invention provides a telescopic sleeve between the lower housing and the eccentric guide head. The telescopic sleeve can fully absorb the impact of sand bridges or obstacles on the eccentric guide head and protect the sleeve string.
[0024] 2. The telescopic sleeve of the present invention is provided with a spiral blade. The spiral blade can penetrate the sand bridge and rotate to quickly break the sand bridge. In conjunction with the spiral guide bar, it can further enlarge the wellbore and improve the efficiency of casing string lowering.
[0025] 3. The upper shell of this invention is connected to the casing string, and the lower shell is rotatably connected to the upper shell. A spiral guide bar is provided on the outer side wall of the lower shell. When encountering wellbore necking or sand bridge, the spiral guide bar and spiral blade can rotate on their own to eliminate shear stress, reduce frictional resistance during the casing string lowering process, and simultaneously enlarge the wellbore, reducing the labor intensity of workers and improving enlargement efficiency.
[0026] 4. The present invention provides a first turbine inside the lower housing, and the spiral guide bar and spiral blade can rotate rapidly under hydraulic drive to enlarge the wellbore, thereby improving the enlargement efficiency;
[0027] 5. The present invention provides a connecting pipe on the shell body of the lower shell, and the lower shell and the upper shell are rotatably connected through the connecting pipe. At the same time, the first turbine is installed in the connecting pipe, which facilitates installation and maintenance.
[0028] 6. The outer and inner cylinders of the telescopic sleeve are circumferentially locked. The inner cylinder rotates to abut against the eccentric head, and the eccentric guide head can rotate relative to the shell. Under the hydraulic action of high-pressure fluid, the shell and the eccentric guide head can rotate independently without interfering with each other. There is a jet hole between two adjacent spiral guide bars on the lower shell. High-pressure fluid can be jetted from the jet hole to impact the wellbore, and work together with the spiral guide bars to correct and enlarge the wellbore.
[0029] 7. The first upper insert of the outer cylinder and the first lower insert of the inner cylinder are interlocked. The upper end of the spiral blade is fixed on the first upper insert, and the lower end slides against the first lower insert. The lower insert can provide support for the free end of the spiral blade, preventing the free end of the spiral blade from contracting inward and hindering its insertion into the sand bridge.
[0030] 8. The second upper insert and the second lower insert can seal the gap between the first upper insert and the first lower insert, so that the spring is in the annular sealed space formed by the insert ring, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, which fully protects the spring and improves the telescopic stability of the telescopic sleeve.
[0031] 9. The upper end face of the spiral blade is directly opposite the lower end face of the spiral guide bar, and the two have the same area. The spiral blade extends downward along the spiral trajectory of the spiral guide bar, and the two can form a continuous strip-shaped spiral. On the one hand, it can produce a synergistic effect to improve the enlargement efficiency. On the other hand, the spiral guide bar can support and limit the spiral blade to prevent the spiral blade from loosening and moving upward when inserted into the sand bridge, thus improving the stability of the spiral blade in use.
[0032] 10. The central tube can introduce the high-pressure fluid passing through the first turbine into the annulus formed by the central tube and the casing, and then flow out from the jet hole of the casing, increasing the jet intensity of the high-pressure fluid on the well wall, thereby improving the efficiency of well wall dressing and reaming; the lower side wall of the tube body is provided with a flow hole, which allows a portion of the high-pressure fluid to enter the eccentric guide head from the flow hole, driving the second turbine and the eccentric guide head connected to it to rotate; when encountering a sand bridge, the eccentric guide head rotates spontaneously to avoid the sand bridge and moves upward under the push of the sand bridge, and the plug ring blocks the flow hole. At this time, high-pressure fluid is injected into the casing, and the high-pressure fluid can only flow out through the jet hole, further enhancing the jet intensity on the wellbore, and further improving the efficiency of well wall dressing and reaming;
[0033] In summary, the present invention has high reaming efficiency, can reduce the labor intensity of workers, and can fully ensure that the casing string is smoothly lowered to the predetermined position. Attached Figure Description
[0034] Figure 1 This is a right view of the initial state of the present invention;
[0035] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA cross-section view;
[0036] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the lower shell.
[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper shell structure;
[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the eccentric guide head.
[0039] Figure 6 An exploded view of the telescopic sleeve;
[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first turbine.
[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the central tube structure;
[0042] Figure 9 This is a right view of the present invention in the state of encountering a sand bridge;
[0043] Figure 10 for Figure 9 BB cross-section.
[0044] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0045] 1. Lower shell; 11. Shell body; 12. Connecting pipe; 121. Pipe body; 122. First annular flange; 123. First pressure cap; 13. Third annular flange; 14. Jet hole; 2. Upper shell; 21. Threaded section; 22. Second annular flange; 3. Telescopic sleeve; 31. Outer cylinder; 311. Upper ring; 312. First upper insert; 313. Second upper insert; 32. Inner cylinder; 321. Lower... 322. Ring, 323. First lower insert, 324. Second lower insert, 33. Spring, 4. Eccentric guide head, 41. Eccentric head, 42. Liquid outlet, 43. Insertion ring, 44. Second pressure cap, 5. Spiral guide bar, 6. First turbine, 61. Central shaft, 62. Connecting ring, 63. Blade, 7. Spiral blade, 8. Second turbine, 9. Central tube, 91. Tube body, 92. Connecting part, 93. Flow hole. Detailed Implementation
[0046] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
[0047] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.
[0048] Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.
[0049] Example 1
[0050] Combined with appendix Figures 1 to 10 This embodiment provides an eccentric rotating sleeve guide shoe, including a lower housing 1, an upper housing 2 rotatably connected to the top of the lower housing 1, a telescopic sleeve 3 connected to the bottom of the lower housing 1, an eccentric guide head 4 connected to the bottom of the telescopic sleeve 3, a plurality of spiral guide strips 5 equidistantly arranged on the outer circumference of the lower housing 1, a first turbine 6 connected to the inner side wall of the lower housing 1, the telescopic sleeve 3 including an outer cylinder 31 coaxially connected to the lower housing 1, an inner cylinder 32 coaxially connected to the eccentric guide head 4, and a spring 33 connecting the outer cylinder 31 and the inner cylinder 32 respectively, and a plurality of spiral blades 7 with their tips pointing downwards and extending towards the eccentric guide head 4 equidistantly arranged on the outer circumference of the outer cylinder 31.
[0051] In the above technical solution, the lower housing 1 and the upper housing 2 can be rotatably connected in any suitable manner, including but not limited to setting a bearing between them. The spiral guide bar 5 and the spiral blade 7 are both made of hard alloy. The outer cylinder 31 of the telescopic sleeve 3 can be fixed to the bottom of the lower housing 1 in any suitable manner. The inner cylinder 32 of the telescopic sleeve 3 can be fixedly or rotatably connected to the eccentric guide head 4 in any suitable manner. When the inner cylinder 32 can both move vertically up and down along the outer cylinder 31 and rotate relative to the outer cylinder 31, the inner cylinder 32 is preferably fixedly connected to the eccentric guide head 4. When the inner cylinder 32 can only move vertically up and down along the outer cylinder 31 and cannot rotate relative to the outer cylinder 31, The inner cylinder 32 is preferably rotatably connected to the eccentric guide head 4; the spiral guide bar 5 and the spiral blade 7 preferably do not wrap around the lower shell 1 once. In use, the upper shell 2 of the eccentric rotating casing guide shoe is installed at the lower end of the casing string, and then the casing is lowered. When the lower end of the casing string reaches the vicinity of the cuttings bed, due to the gravity of the casing string, the cuttings will generate shear stress perpendicular to the axial direction on the eccentric rotating casing guide shoe. The shear stress acts on the spiral guide bar 5 and the spiral blade 7, which in turn drive the lower shell 1 to rotate, thereby eliminating the shear stress on the side of the lower shell 1 and reducing the frictional resistance of the casing string during the lowering process. It has a guiding function, which can guide the trajectory of the open hole itself. It can also automatically trim the well wall through the spiral guide bar 5 and spiral blade 7 to achieve the enlargement effect, which helps to lower the casing string to the predetermined position. When it is necessary to enhance the enlargement efficiency, high-pressure fluid is injected into the casing string. When the high-pressure fluid flows through the first turbine 6, the fluid energy is converted into traction torque, which drives the lower housing 1 and the spiral guide bar 5 and spiral blade 7 to rotate rapidly, thereby quickly trimming the well wall and enlarging the hole. When the lowered casing string encounters a sand bridge, the eccentric guide head 4 can rotate on its own to avoid the sand bridge. At the same time, it moves upward under the push of the sand bridge. The spring 33 is compressed, absorbing the sand bridge's impact on the eccentric guide head. The impact of 4 protects the casing string. The inner cylinder 32 moves upward with the eccentric guide head 4, the axial length of the telescopic sleeve 3 decreases, and the spiral blade 7 on the outer wall of the outer cylinder 31 extends downward to the eccentric guide head 4 until the spiral blade 7 pierces the sand bridge. At this time, high-pressure fluid is injected into the casing string. The high-pressure fluid drives the lower shell 1, the spiral guide bar 5, and the spiral blade 7 to rotate rapidly. The spiral blade 7 can quickly crush the sand bridge. After the sand bridge is crushed, the resistance of the eccentric guide head 4 and the casing string disappears and continues to move downward. The spring 33 extends and resets. During the downward movement, the spiral guide bar 5 quickly trims the well wall and enlarges the hole, fully ensuring that the casing string can be smoothly lowered to the predetermined position.
[0052] In this embodiment, a telescopic sleeve 3 is provided between the lower housing 1 and the eccentric guide head 4. The telescopic sleeve 3 can fully absorb the impact of sand bridges or obstacles on the eccentric guide head 4, protecting the casing string. A spiral guide strip 5 is provided on the outer wall of the lower housing 1, and a spiral blade 7 is provided on the outer cylinder 31 of the telescopic sleeve 3. The spiral blade 7 can penetrate the sand bridge and rotate to quickly break the sand bridge. Together with the spiral guide strip 5, it can further enlarge the wellbore and improve the efficiency of casing string lowering. The upper housing 2 is connected to the casing string, and the lower housing 1 is rotatably connected to the upper housing 2. When encountering wellbore necking or sand bridges, the spiral guide strip 5 and the spiral blade 7 can rotate on their own to eliminate shear stress, reduce the frictional resistance during the casing string lowering process, and automatically enlarge the wellbore, reducing the labor intensity of workers and improving the enlargement efficiency. A first turbine 6 is provided inside the lower housing 1. The spiral guide strip 5 and the spiral blade 7 can rotate rapidly under hydraulic drive to enlarge the wellbore and improve the enlargement efficiency.
[0053] In one specific technical solution, the lower housing 1 includes a cylindrical housing body 11 and a connecting pipe 12. The connecting pipe 12 includes a pipe body 121. The lower outer wall of the pipe body 121 is provided with a first annular flange 122 connected to the housing body 11. The upper outer wall of the pipe body 121 is screwed with a first pressure cap 123. The inner wall of the pipe body 121 is provided with a first turbine 6. The upper inner wall of the upper housing 2 is provided with a threaded section 21. The lower inner wall of the upper housing 2 is provided with a second annular flange 22. The inner wall of the second annular flange 22 rotates to abut against the pipe body 121. The lower end face of the second annular flange 22 rotates to abut against the upper end face of the first annular flange 122. The upper end face of the second annular flange 22 rotates to abut against the lower end face of the first pressure cap 123.
[0054] In the above technical solution, the first annular flange 122 is preferably integrally formed with the tube body 121, and the first annular flange 122 can be connected to the shell body 11 by any suitable method such as welding, screwing or screwing; the second annular flange 22 is preferably integrally formed with the upper shell 2; the first turbine 6 can be connected to the tube body 121 by any suitable method such as welding, screwing or screwing.
[0055] In this embodiment, a connecting pipe 12 is provided on the shell body 11 of the lower shell 1, and the lower shell 1 and the upper shell 2 are rotatably connected through the connecting pipe 12. At the same time, the first turbine 6 is installed in the connecting pipe 12, which facilitates installation and maintenance.
[0056] In one specific technical solution, the eccentric guide head 4 includes a hollow eccentric head 41, a liquid outlet hole 42 provided on the eccentric head 41, a plug-in ring 43 provided on the inner side of the upper end face of the eccentric head 41, and a second pressure cap 44 connected to the plug-in ring 43. The outer side of the upper end face of the eccentric head 41 is connected to the inner cylinder 32. The bottom of the inner side wall of the shell body 11 is provided with a third annular flange 13. The lower end face of the third annular flange 13 is connected to the outer cylinder 31. The inner side wall of the third annular flange 13 rotates and abuts against the outer side wall of the plug-in ring 43. The upper end face of the third annular flange 13 rotates and abuts against the lower end face of the second pressure cap 44.
[0057] In the above technical solution, the eccentric head 41 can adopt any suitable structure in the prior art, including but not limited to eccentric cone and eccentric sphere, as long as it can rotate on its own when encountering obstacles; the liquid outlet 42 can be set at the bottom of the eccentric head 41, or multiple outlets can be set at the bottom and sidewall of the eccentric head 41. The liquid outlet 42 of the eccentric guide head 4 mainly functions in the cementing process, ensuring that cementing fluid can flow out from the eccentric guide head 4; the insertion ring 43 is preferably integrally formed with the eccentric head 41, and the insertion ring 43 is located on the inner side of the upper end face of the eccentric head 41. The inner diameter of the inner cylinder 32 is preferably the same as the inner diameter of the upper end face of the eccentric head 41. The outer diameter of the inner cylinder 32 is preferably the same as the outer diameter of the upper end face of the eccentric head 41. The inner cylinder 32 preferably rotates to abut against the outer wall of the insertion ring 43. The insertion ring 43 slides into the third annular flange 13, which can both center the eccentric head 41 and improve the lifting stability of the eccentric head 41. The second pressure cap 44 can prevent the eccentric guide head 4 from sliding down and detaching from the lower housing 1, thereby improving the rotational connection stability between the lower housing 1 and the eccentric guide head 4.
[0058] In one specific technical solution, the inner cylinder 32 rotates to abut against the upper end face of the eccentric head 41, the outer cylinder 31 and the inner cylinder 32 are circumferentially locked, the inner side wall of the insertion ring 43 is connected to the second turbine 8, and a jet hole 14 is provided between two adjacent spiral guide strips 5 on the lower housing 1.
[0059] In the above technical solution, conventional structures such as guide rods, guide sleeves, or guide blocks with guide grooves can be used to circumferentially lock the outer cylinder 31 and inner cylinder 32. The inner cylinder 32 rotates to abut against the eccentric head 41. Since the outer cylinder 31 is fixedly connected to the lower housing 1, the eccentric head 4 can rotate relative to the lower housing 1. Under the hydraulic action of high-pressure fluid, the first turbine 6 drives the lower housing 1 to rotate, and the second turbine 8 can drive the eccentric head 4 to rotate. The lower housing 1 and the eccentric head 4 can rotate independently without interfering with each other, meeting the construction needs of different scenarios. A jet hole 14 is provided between two adjacent spiral guide strips 5 on the lower housing 1. High-pressure fluid can jet from the jet hole 14 to impact the well wall, working together with the spiral guide strips 5 to correct and enlarge the well wall.
[0060] In one specific technical solution, the outer cylinder 31 includes an upper ring 311 and a first upper insert 312 circumferentially distributed on the outer side of the lower end face of the upper ring 311. The inner cylinder 32 includes a lower ring 321 and a first lower insert 322 circumferentially distributed on the outer side of the upper end face of the lower ring 321. The first lower insert 322 can be sealed and inserted between two adjacent first upper inserts 312 and between two adjacent first lower inserts 322. The upper end of the spiral blade 7 is connected to the first upper insert 312, and the lower end of the spiral blade 7 slides against the first lower insert 322.
[0061] In the above technical solution, the spring 33 is preferably fixed between the upper ring 311 and the lower ring 321. The inner sidewalls of the upper ring 311 and the lower ring 321 are preferably rotatably abutting against the insertion ring 43. The first upper insert 312 is preferably able to be inserted with the first lower insert 322 to form a circular sidewall. The circular sidewall is consistent with the outer diameter of the upper ring 311 and the lower ring 321. The upper end of the spiral blade 7 is fixed on the first upper insert 312, and the lower end slides against the first lower insert 322. The first lower insert 322 can provide support for the free end of the spiral blade 7, preventing the free end of the spiral blade 7 from contracting inward and hindering its insertion into the sand bridge.
[0062] In one specific technical solution, the lower end face of the upper ring 311 is provided with a plurality of second upper inserts 313 at equal intervals. The second upper inserts 313 are disposed inside the first upper inserts 312 and block the gap between two adjacent first upper inserts 312. The upper end face of the lower ring 321 is provided with a plurality of second lower inserts 323 at equal intervals. The second lower inserts 323 are disposed inside the second lower inserts 323 and block the gap between two adjacent first lower inserts 322. The second upper inserts 313 can be sealed and inserted between two adjacent second lower inserts 323.
[0063] In the above technical solution, the second upper insert 313 is preferably able to be inserted with the second lower insert 323 to form a circular sidewall. The second upper insert 313 and the second lower insert 323 can seal the gap between the first upper insert 312 and the first lower insert 322, so that the spring 33 is in the annular sealed space formed by the insertion ring 43, the outer cylinder 31 and the inner cylinder 32, which fully protects the spring 33 and improves the telescopic stability of the telescopic sleeve 3.
[0064] In one specific technical solution, the first turbine 6 includes a central shaft 61, a connecting ring 62 coaxial with the central shaft 61, and a plurality of blades 63 circumferentially and equidistantly disposed between the central shaft 61 and the connecting ring 62, wherein the connecting ring 62 is connected to the lower housing 1.
[0065] In the above technical solution, the blade 63 is preferably connected to the central shaft 61 and the connecting ring 62 by welding; the connecting ring 62 can be connected to the lower housing 1 by welding, screwing or bolting.
[0066] In one specific technical solution, the spiral blade 7 is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, with the upper end face of the spiral blade 7 facing the lower end face of the spiral guide bar 5, and the two have equal areas.
[0067] In the above technical solution, the upper end face of the spiral blade 7 is directly opposite the lower end face of the spiral guide bar 5, and the two have the same area. The spiral blade 7 extends downward along the spiral trajectory of the spiral guide bar 5, and the two can form a continuous strip-shaped spiral. On the one hand, it can produce a synergistic effect and improve the eye-enlarging efficiency. On the other hand, the spiral guide bar 5 can support and limit the spiral blade 7, preventing the spiral blade 7 from loosening and moving upward when inserted into the sand bridge, thus improving the stability of the spiral blade 7 in use.
[0068] In one specific technical solution, the lower housing 1 is provided with a central tube 9. The central tube 9 includes a tube body 91 that is slidably inserted into the insertion ring 43 and has an open bottom. The top of the tube body 91 is provided with an upwardly tapered frustum-shaped connecting part 92. The connecting part 92 is connected to the central shaft 61 of the first turbine 6. A plurality of flow holes 93 are provided at equal intervals around the lower circumference of the side wall of the tube body 91. When the eccentric guide head 4 moves upward, the insertion ring 43 can block the flow holes 93.
[0069] In the above technical solution, the central tube 9 can introduce the high-pressure fluid passing through the first turbine 6 into the annulus formed by the central tube 9 and the lower housing 1, and then spray it out from the jet hole 14 of the lower housing 1, thereby increasing the jet intensity of the high-pressure fluid on the well wall and thus improving the efficiency of well wall trimming and reaming. A flow hole 93 is provided below the side wall of the tube body 91, which allows a portion of the high-pressure fluid to enter the eccentric guide head 4 from the flow hole 93, driving the second turbine 8 and the eccentric guide head 4 connected to it to rotate. When encountering a sand bridge, the eccentric guide head 4 rotates spontaneously to avoid the sand bridge and moves upward under the push of the sand bridge. The insertion ring 43 blocks the flow hole 93. At this time, high-pressure fluid is injected into the lower housing 1. The high-pressure fluid can only flow out through the jet hole 14, further enhancing the jet intensity on the wellbore and further improving the efficiency of well wall trimming and reaming.
[0070] The working principle and process of this embodiment are as follows: In use, the upper shell 2 of the eccentric rotating casing guide shoe is installed at the lower end of the casing string, and then the casing is lowered. When the lower end of the casing string reaches the vicinity of the cuttings bed, due to the gravity of the casing string, the cuttings will generate shear stress perpendicular to the axial direction on the eccentric rotating casing guide shoe. The shear stress acts on the spiral guide bar 5 and the spiral blade 7, which in turn drive the lower shell 1 to rotate, thereby eliminating the shear stress on the side of the lower shell 1, reducing the frictional resistance of the casing string during the lowering process, and having a guiding function, which can guide the open hole rail itself. Furthermore, the spiral guide bar 5 and spiral blade 7 can automatically trim the well wall to achieve an enlarged hole effect, which helps the casing string to be lowered to the predetermined position. When it is necessary to enhance the enlarged hole efficiency, high-pressure fluid is injected into the casing string. When the high-pressure fluid flows through the first turbine 6, the fluid energy is converted into traction torque, driving the lower housing 1 and the spiral guide bar 5 and spiral blade 7 to rotate rapidly. This can quickly trim the well wall and enlarge the hole. At the same time, the fluid enters the annular space formed by the central pipe 9 and the lower housing 1. Part of the fluid is jetted from the jet hole 14 of the lower housing 1 to the well wall, working together with the spiral guide bar 5 to trim the well wall and enlarge the hole. Part of the fluid enters the eccentric guide head 4 through the flow hole 93, impacting the second turbine 8. The second turbine 8 drives the eccentric guide head 4 to rotate. When the lowered casing string encounters a sand bridge, the eccentric guide head 4 can rotate on its own to avoid the sand bridge. At the same time, it moves upward under the push of the sand bridge. The spring 33 is compressed, absorbing the impact of the sand bridge on the eccentric guide head 4 and protecting the casing string. The inner cylinder 32 moves upward with the eccentric guide head 4. The spiral blade 7 on the outer wall of the outer cylinder 31 extends downward to the eccentric guide head 4 until the spiral blade 7 pierces the sand bridge. The flow hole 93 of the central tube 9 is blocked by the insertion ring 43. At this time, high-pressure fluid is injected into the casing string. The drive lower housing 1, along with the spiral guide bar 5 and spiral blade 7, rotates rapidly. The spiral blade 7 rapidly rotates and breaks up the sand bridge below. At the same time, fluid jets from the jet hole 14 of the lower housing 1, impacting the well wall and the sand bridge. Since the flow hole 93 is blocked by the plug ring 43, the fluid can only flow out from the jet hole 14. Therefore, the jet intensity of the fluid is greatly increased, which can quickly break up the sand bridge. After the sand bridge is broken up, the resistance experienced by the eccentric guide head 4 and the casing string disappears and continues to move downward. The spring 33 extends and resets. During the downward movement, the spiral guide bar 5 and spiral blade 7 quickly trim the well wall and enlarge the hole to ensure that the casing string can be smoothly lowered.
[0071] Example 2
[0072] Combined with appendix Figures 1 to 10 This embodiment provides a method for using an eccentric rotating sleeve guide shoe, including the following steps:
[0073] Step S1: Install the upper housing 2 of the eccentric rotating sleeve guide shoe at the lower end of the sleeve string, and then carry out the sleeve lowering operation;
[0074] Step S2: When the lower end of the casing string reaches the vicinity of the cuttings bed, the cuttings generate shear stress perpendicular to the axial direction on the spiral guide bar 5 and the spiral blade 7. The spiral guide bar 5 and the spiral blade 7 drive the lower shell 1 to rotate to eliminate the shear stress and reduce the frictional resistance of the casing string during the lowering process. At the same time, the eccentric rotating casing guide shoe guides the open hole trajectory by itself, which has a guiding function. It can also automatically trim the well wall through the spiral guide bar 5 and the spiral blade 7 to achieve the enlarged hole effect, which helps the casing string to be lowered to the predetermined position.
[0075] Step S3: When it is necessary to enhance the enlargement efficiency, high-pressure fluid is injected into the casing string. When the high-pressure fluid flows through the first turbine 6, it converts the fluid energy into traction torque, which drives the lower casing 1, the spiral guide bar 5, and the spiral blade 7 to rotate rapidly, which can quickly trim the well wall and enlarge the hole.
[0076] Step S4: When the casing string encounters a sand bridge, the eccentric guide head 4 can rotate to avoid the sand bridge. At the same time, it moves upward under the push of the sand bridge. The spring 33 is compressed, absorbing the impact of the sand bridge on the eccentric guide head 4 and protecting the casing string. The inner cylinder 32 moves upward with the eccentric guide head 4. The spiral blade 7 on the outer wall of the outer cylinder 31 extends downward to the eccentric guide head 4 until the spiral blade 7 pierces the sand bridge. At this time, high-pressure fluid is injected into the casing string. The high-pressure fluid drives the lower shell 1, the spiral guide bar 5, and the spiral blade 7 to rotate rapidly. The spiral blade 7 can quickly break the sand bridge. After the sand bridge is broken, the resistance experienced by the eccentric guide head 4 and the casing string disappears and continues to move downward. The spring 33 extends and resets. During the downward movement, the spiral guide bar 5 quickly trims the well wall and enlarges the hole to ensure that the casing string can be smoothly lowered.
[0077] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. Eccentric rotating sleeve shoe comprising a lower shell (1), characterized in that, The lower housing (1) is rotatably connected to the upper housing (2) at the top, and the lower housing (1) is connected to the telescopic sleeve (3) at the bottom. The telescopic sleeve (3) is connected to the eccentric guide head (4) at the bottom. The lower housing (1) has a number of spiral guide strips (5) equidistantly arranged on the outer side wall. The lower housing (1) has a first turbine (6) connected to the inner side wall. The telescopic sleeve (3) includes an outer cylinder (31) coaxially connected to the lower housing (1), an inner cylinder (32) coaxially connected to the eccentric guide head (4), and a spring (33) connecting the outer cylinder (31) and the inner cylinder (32) respectively. The outer side wall of the outer cylinder (31) has a number of spiral blades (7) with their tips pointing downwards and extending towards the eccentric guide head (4) equidistantly arranged on the outer side wall.
2. The eccentric rotating sleeve guide shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower housing (1) includes a cylindrical shell body (11) and a connecting pipe (12). The connecting pipe (12) includes a pipe body (121). The lower outer wall of the pipe body (121) is provided with a first annular flange (122) connected to the shell body (11). The upper outer wall of the pipe body (121) is screwed with a first pressure cap (123). The inner wall of the pipe body (121) is provided with a first turbine (6). The upper inner wall of the upper housing (2) is provided with a threaded section (21). The lower inner wall of the upper housing (2) is provided with a second annular flange (22). The inner wall of the second annular flange (22) rotates to abut against the pipe body (121). The lower end face of the second annular flange (22) rotates to abut against the upper end face of the first annular flange (122). The upper end face of the second annular flange (22) rotates to abut against the lower end face of the first pressure cap (123).
3. The eccentric rotating sleeve guide shoe according to claim 2, characterized in that, The eccentric guide (4) includes a hollow eccentric head (41), a liquid outlet (42) on the eccentric head (41), a plug ring (43) on the inner side of the upper end face of the eccentric head (41), and a second pressure cap (44) connected to the plug ring (43). The outer side of the upper end face of the eccentric head (41) is connected to the inner cylinder (32). The bottom of the inner wall of the shell body (11) is provided with a third annular flange (13). The lower end face of the third annular flange (13) is connected to the outer cylinder (31). The inner wall of the third annular flange (13) rotates and abuts against the outer wall of the plug ring (43). The upper end face of the third annular flange (13) rotates and abuts against the lower end face of the second pressure cap (44).
4. The eccentric rotating sleeve guide shoe according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner cylinder (32) rotates and abuts against the upper end face of the eccentric head (41). The outer cylinder (31) and the inner cylinder (32) are circumferentially locked. The inner side wall of the plug ring (43) is connected to the second turbine (8). A jet hole (14) is provided between two adjacent spiral guide bars (5) on the lower housing (1).
5. The eccentric rotating sleeve guide shoe according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer cylinder (31) includes an upper ring (311) and a first upper insert (312) circumferentially equidistantly disposed on the outer side of the lower end face of the upper ring (311). The inner cylinder (32) includes a lower ring (321) and a first lower insert (322) circumferentially equidistantly disposed on the outer side of the upper end face of the lower ring (321). The first lower insert (322) can be sealed and inserted between two adjacent first upper inserts (312). The first upper insert (312) can be sealed and inserted between two adjacent first lower inserts (322). The upper end of the spiral blade (7) is connected to the first upper insert (312), and the lower end of the spiral blade (7) slides and fits against the first lower insert (322).
6. The eccentric rotating sleeve guide shoe according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper ring (311) has several second upper inserts (313) equidistantly arranged on the lower end face of the ring (311). The second upper inserts (313) are located inside the first upper inserts (312) and block the gap between two adjacent first upper inserts (312). The lower ring (321) has several second lower inserts (323) equidistantly arranged on the upper end face of the ring (321). The second lower inserts (323) are located inside the second lower inserts (323) and block the gap between two adjacent first lower inserts (322). The second upper inserts (313) can be sealed and inserted between two adjacent second lower inserts (323).
7. The eccentric rotating sleeve guide shoe according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first turbine (6) includes a central shaft (61), a connecting ring (62) coaxial with the central shaft (61), and a plurality of blades (63) circumferentially spaced between the central shaft (61) and the connecting ring (62). The connecting ring (62) is connected to the lower housing (1).
8. The eccentric rotating sleeve guide shoe according to claim 7, characterized in that, The spiral blade (7) is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The upper end face of the spiral blade (7) is directly opposite the lower end face of the spiral guide bar (5), and the two have the same area.
9. The eccentric rotating sleeve guide shoe according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lower housing (1) is provided with a central tube (9). The central tube (9) includes a tube body (91) that is slidably inserted into the plug ring (43) and has an open bottom. The top of the tube body (91) is provided with an upwardly tapered frustum-shaped connecting part (92). The connecting part (92) is connected to the central shaft (61) of the first turbine (6). Several flow holes (93) are provided at equal intervals around the lower circumference of the side wall of the tube body (91). When the eccentric guide head (4) moves upward, the plug ring (43) can block the flow holes (93).
10. The method of using an eccentric rotating sleeve guide shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Install the upper shell (2) of the eccentric rotating sleeve guide shoe at the lower end of the sleeve string, and then carry out the sleeve lowering operation; Step S2: When the lower end of the casing string reaches the vicinity of the cuttings bed, the cuttings generate shear stress perpendicular to the axial direction on the spiral guide bar (5) and spiral blade (7). The spiral guide bar (5) and spiral blade (7) drive the lower shell (1) to rotate to eliminate the shear stress and reduce the frictional resistance of the casing string during the lowering process. At the same time, the eccentric rotating casing guide shoe guides the open hole trajectory by itself, which has a guiding function. It can also automatically trim the well wall through the spiral guide bar (5) and spiral blade (7) to achieve the enlarged hole effect, which helps the casing string to be lowered to the predetermined position. Step S3: When it is necessary to enhance the enlargement efficiency, high-pressure fluid is injected into the casing string. When the high-pressure fluid flows through the first turbine (6), the fluid energy is converted into traction torque, which drives the lower casing (1), the spiral guide bar (5) and the spiral blade (7) to rotate rapidly, which can quickly repair the well wall and enlarge the hole. Step S4: When the lowered casing string encounters a sand bridge, the eccentric guide head (4) can rotate to avoid the sand bridge. At the same time, it moves upward under the push of the sand bridge. The spring (33) is compressed, absorbing the impact of the sand bridge on the eccentric guide head (4) and protecting the casing string. The inner cylinder (32) moves upward with the eccentric guide head (4) and is stored in the outer cylinder (31). The spiral blade (7) on the outer side wall of the outer cylinder (31) extends downward to the eccentric guide head (4) until the spiral blade (7) pierces the casing string. When the sand bridge is inserted, high-pressure fluid is injected into the casing string. The high-pressure fluid drives the lower shell (1), the spiral guide bar (5), and the spiral blade (7) to rotate rapidly. The spiral blade (7) can quickly break the sand bridge. After the sand bridge is broken, the resistance of the eccentric guide head (4) and the casing string disappears and continues to move down. The spring (33) extends and resets. During the downward movement, the spiral guide bar (5) quickly repairs the well wall and enlarges the hole to ensure that the casing string can be smoothly lowered.