A power supply guaranteeing layout method based on voltage stratification

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of power supply guarantee layout, and particularly relates to a power supply guarantee layout method based on voltage layering. A CIM model file is acquired, and the CIM model file is analyzed and processed to obtain standardized equipment node information and a correlation relationship. Based on the standardized equipment node information and the correlation relationship, the equipment node and the correlation relationship are modelized and mapped to obtain station building topology unit data. All transformer substations are grouped and clustered according to voltage level attributes of the station building topology unit data. The equipment in the transformer substation is grouped according to voltage levels, the correlation sequence is positioned and matched with the bus type with the bus as the core, the correlation sequence of the equipment and the bus is combed, a bus group list is generated, and the position information of the equipment in the station is calculated according to the bus group list. Based on the position information of the equipment in the station, the layout optimization and line cross avoidance between transformer substations are performed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power supply layout technology, specifically relating to a power supply layout method based on voltage stratification. Background Technology

[0002] In power system dispatching and power supply guarantee scheme development, the scientific nature of the power supply guarantee layout and the quality of its visualization are core prerequisites for ensuring reliable power supply to multiple users and supporting dispatching decisions and operation and maintenance execution. Visualized maps, as a key carrier of power supply guarantee layout, bear the responsibility of intuitively displaying important information such as the power grid topology, equipment connection relationships, and power supply paths. However, current visualization methods in practical applications have significant drawbacks: manual drawing methods not only easily lead to inconsistencies in map models, increasing the workload of subsequent map modification and maintenance, but also result in a high error rate due to the uncertainty of manual operation; planar mixed layouts make it difficult to clearly distinguish between high and low voltage equipment, and the voltage hierarchy relationships are chaotic, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty for dispatchers to identify and understand, thus affecting decision-making efficiency and accuracy; moreover, most visualization methods are only designed for a single scenario and cannot display multi-user power supply paths, priorities, and backup schemes in parallel, leading to significant difficulties in overall coordination analysis and failing to meet the information integration needs of complex power supply guarantee scenarios.

[0003] With the continuous expansion of the power grid, the busbar structure within substations is becoming increasingly complex and diverse, with more than a dozen different layout rules. Existing visualization methods are inadequate for handling these complex busbar structures, struggling to automatically adapt to various layout rules and often requiring repeated manual adjustments. This process is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also highly susceptible to errors due to human negligence. Furthermore, existing methods lack efficient integration and display mechanisms when processing multi-user power supply information, failing to clearly present the relationships between users and the allocation of power supply resources. This makes it difficult for dispatchers to quickly and accurately grasp the overall situation and formulate scientific and reasonable dispatch strategies when facing large-scale power supply tasks. In addition, existing visualization methods also have significant problems in terms of mapping cycle time and labor costs. Long mapping cycles lead to untimely updates of power supply information, while high labor costs increase the operational burden on power companies. These problems, to some extent, restrict the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0004] From a technical perspective, existing visualization methods run counter to the trend of intelligent and standardized development of power systems. In terms of intelligence, existing methods lack automated data processing and analysis capabilities, failing to achieve intelligent optimization and dynamic adjustment of power supply layout. Regarding standardization, the inconsistent visualization standards adopted by different regions and enterprises lead to poor information sharing and interoperability, impacting the collaborative operation efficiency of the power system. From an application perspective, existing methods suffer from long mapping cycles, high labor costs, and rule conflicts, further exacerbating operation and maintenance risks and reducing the reliability and stability of the power system. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new visualization method that can achieve hierarchical visualization of voltage levels to clarify topological relationships, coordinate bus group mapping rules to standardize substation layout, efficiently display multi-user power supply information, improve analysis efficiency and mapping accuracy, and provide reliable technical support for dispatching decisions and operation and maintenance execution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problems in the prior art, this invention proposes a power supply layout method based on voltage stratification.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0007] This invention provides a power supply protection layout method based on voltage stratification, which includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 100: Obtain the CIM model file, parse and process the CIM model file to obtain standardized equipment node information and relationships;

[0009] Step 200: Based on standardized equipment node information and relationships, model and map the equipment nodes and relationships to obtain station topology unit data; group and cluster all substations according to the voltage level attributes of the station topology unit data;

[0010] Step 300: Group the equipment in the substation according to voltage level, locate the associated sequence with the busbar as the core and match the busbar type, sort out the associated sequence between the equipment and the busbar, generate a busbar group list, and calculate the location information of the equipment in the substation based on the busbar group list;

[0011] Step 400: Based on the location information of equipment within the station, optimize the layout of inter-substation connections and avoid line crossings.

[0012] Further, step 100 includes:

[0013] Convert the XML format data of the CIM model file into relational data and store it in a relational database;

[0014] In relational databases, devices and topological relationships that meet preset conditions are selected as the original data source;

[0015] The original data source is loaded into the preset data model, and the preset data model is used to perform calculations and analyses on the original data source to obtain standardized power supply node information and relationships.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 200, the station topology unit data includes a node attribute table, a connection relationship table, and a hierarchical structure table.

[0017] Further, in step 300, the associated sequences are located and bus types are matched with the bus as the core, the associated sequences between equipment and buses are sorted out, and a bus group list is generated, including:

[0018] For each voltage level subgroup, a list of devices directly connected to the busbar is extracted from the station topology unit data. Based on the device function and connection direction, the associated devices are divided into three categories: incoming side, busbar side, and outgoing side.

[0019] By traversing all device relationships, all devices under the same busbar are connected in series according to the connection order to form a list of busbar groups corresponding to each voltage level.

[0020] Furthermore, step 300 also includes: obtaining the bus group mode label, and identifying the specific type of the current bus group by using the bus group mode label of the bus in the device information and the device association relationship.

[0021] Further, in step 300, calculating the location information of the equipment within the station based on the busbar group list includes:

[0022] Calculate the reference coordinates of each busbar by combining the number of busbars and the density of equipment association;

[0023] Bus tie switch location: Coordinates are assigned to the position of the extension line of the centerline of the adjacent busbar;

[0024] Transformer and incoming / outgoing line association: Starting from the busbar, calculate the coordinates of the transformer and incoming / outgoing line switches along the direction perpendicular to the busbar, and arrange them in the connection sequence of busbar-switch-equipment.

[0025] Furthermore, in step 400, the substation voltage level hierarchical layout includes:

[0026] In scenarios with an upstream substation, positioning is achieved through vertical layering and horizontal sorting rules.

[0027] The vertical layering includes: extracting the ordinates of all nodes of the upper-level substation and taking the maximum value as the reference value; setting the basic layer spacing according to the voltage level difference between the upper and lower levels; and calculating the starting ordinate of the current voltage level substation by superimposing the reference value and the basic layer spacing.

[0028] The horizontal sorting includes: collecting the x-coordinates of all connection points between the current substation and the superior substation to form a set, and calculating the average x-coordinate of all connection points in the set; using the average x-coordinate as a benchmark, and combining the number of substations of the same voltage level, evenly distributing the basic x-coordinates of each substation so that the inter-station connection path is a straight line.

[0029] Furthermore, in step 400, the substation voltage level hierarchical layout includes:

[0030] In scenarios without a superior substation, the connection points between the current substation and all subordinate substations are traversed, and the source substation and target substation of each connection line are recorded to form a set of connection relationships.

[0031] Centered on the current substation, all subordinate substations are divided into direct power supply areas according to their interconnection relationships, forming a tree-like structure of the radiation range, and a power supply radiation range model is constructed.

[0032] A basic score is calculated based on the number of interconnection lines between the current substation and the lower-level substation. The substation with the highest basic score has a direct connection to the same level as the substation with the highest basic score. Its comprehensive score is higher than that of the other substations. This process is repeated to obtain the comprehensive score of each upper-level substation. The substations are then sorted in descending order of their comprehensive scores to obtain a priority sequence. This allows for the reverse adjustment of the sorting rules of the upper-level substations based on the sorting of the lower-level substations.

[0033] Using the substation with the smallest X-value as the baseline, draw a vertical baseline line extending upwards and downwards along the Y-axis; place the highest-scoring upper-level substation on the vertical baseline line, keeping its horizontal coordinate unchanged; starting from the second highest score, arrange the substations in descending order of score to the right of the highest-scoring substation.

[0034] Furthermore, in step 400, the optimization of the associative ranking of substations at the same level includes:

[0035] For substations of the same level that are connected in series, the connection strength with the superior substation is calculated based on the number of connecting lines, transmission capacity, and voltage level difference. Substations are arranged in descending order of connection strength with the superior substation, with higher strength indicating closer proximity to the superior center. If the connection strength with the superior substation is the same, the node closer to the superior in the series chain is selected. A recursive chain layout approach is adopted, and the substation with the highest connection strength that is directly connected to the superior is determined by topological search as the starting point of the chain. By recursively traversing the associated nodes of the chain, the substations in the same chain are arranged horizontally adjacent in sequence.

[0036] For substations of the same level that are not connected in series, the longitudinal baseline of the chain layout is used as the ordinate, and the substations without series connection are arranged sequentially to the right.

[0037] Furthermore, step 400 also includes: using a line segment intersection algorithm to traverse all inter-station lines, identify intersecting line pairs and overlapping line segments; and marking parallel lines with a spacing less than a preset threshold as objects to be optimized.

[0038] If the spacing between substations at a certain level is insufficient due to an increase in the number of lines, calculate the total width of all lines at that level, and then reverse the calculation to adjust the basic horizontal coordinate of the substations to increase the spacing between substations at the same level.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0040] (1) This invention obtains standardized equipment node information and relationships by acquiring and parsing CIM model files. Based on this information, the equipment nodes and relationships are modeled and mapped. Substations are clustered by voltage level. Then, the equipment within the substation is grouped by voltage level, and the busbar association sequence is sorted to generate a busbar group list to calculate the equipment location information. Finally, the layout of inter-substation connections and line crossing avoidance are optimized. This series of steps realizes the automated processing of power supply layout, avoiding problems such as inconsistent diagrams, high error rates, and time-consuming and error-prone manual adjustments that are easily caused by manual drawing. It significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of visualization mapping.

[0041] (2) This invention lays out substations and equipment based on voltage hierarchy, which can clearly show the topological relationship of different voltage levels and solve the problem of chaotic voltage hierarchy relationship in planar mixed layout. At the same time, by sorting out the association sequence of equipment and busbars to generate a busbar group list and calculate equipment location information, as well as optimizing the interconnection layout between substations, it can efficiently display multi-user supply guarantee information, clearly present the relationship between each user and the allocation of supply guarantee resources, meet the information integration needs in complex supply guarantee scenarios, and provide strong support for dispatchers to quickly and accurately grasp the overall situation and formulate scientific and reasonable dispatch strategies. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a simplified diagram of the full data of the present invention; in the diagram, a circle represents a substation, and the area inside the circle represents the equipment nodes and topology relationships within the substation; the connections between circles represent inter-substation connections.

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the busbar assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 3 (a) is a single busbar connection; (b) is a double busbar connection; (c) is a double busbar connection - horizontal row; (d) is a three-busbar connection; (e) is a four-busbar connection; (f) is a 3 / 2 connection; (g) is a single busbar bypass connection; (h) is a double busbar bypass connection.

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal layout structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the station layout structure of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a rendering of the final presentation of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the technical solutions proposed according to the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable form. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0050] In this embodiment, refer to Figures 1-6 This paper provides a power supply security layout method based on voltage stratification, which includes the following steps:

[0051] Step 100: Obtain the CIM model file, parse and process the CIM model file to obtain standardized equipment node information and relationships;

[0052] Step 200: Based on standardized equipment node information and relationships, model and map the equipment nodes according to their affiliated station information and relationships to obtain station topology unit data; group and cluster all substations according to the voltage level attributes of the station topology unit data;

[0053] Step 300: Group the equipment in the substation according to voltage level, locate the associated sequence with the busbar as the core and match the busbar type, sort out the associated sequence between the equipment and the busbar, generate a busbar group list, and calculate the location information of the equipment in the substation based on the busbar group list;

[0054] Step 400: Based on the location information of equipment within the station, optimize the layout of inter-substation connections and avoid line crossings.

[0055] The following is a detailed explanation of each of the above steps:

[0056] Step 100: Obtain the CIM model file, parse the CIM model file, and obtain standardized power supply node information and relationships.

[0057] Step 100 specifically includes the following sub-steps:

[0058] Step 110: Convert the XML format data of the CIM model file into relational data and save it in a relational database.

[0059] The CIM (Common Information Model) defines various equipment objects in a power system, such as substations, circuit breakers, and transformers, as well as the relationships between them, such as connections (e.g., circuit breakers connected to busbars). This step involves converting the complex 3D topology model data into tabular form in a relational database for subsequent data retrieval and processing.

[0060] Step 110 specifically includes the following sub-steps:

[0061] Step 1101: Use an XML parsing tool to read the XML format data in the CIM model file, parse the hierarchical structure of the XML format data, and extract the required equipment information, the topological relationship between equipment, and the association information between equipment and lines.

[0062] Choose an XML parsing tool and use it to load the CIM model file and parse its structure. Taking Java as an example, the JDK's native javax.xml.parsers (JAXP) system is the standard solution for processing XML. DocumentBuilder (DOM method) or SAXParser (SAX method) is suitable for processing CIM XML format data. This system natively supports namespace processing, element traversal, and attribute extraction, and can parse the hierarchical structure of the CIM document. When loading the CIM file, you need to first enable the parser's namespace awareness and register the CIM standard namespace. Then, use DocumentBuilder.parse() (DOM method) or SAXParser.parse() (SAX method) to read the file and construct the document object (or parse line by line). Finally, use getElementsByTagNameNS() (DOM) or a custom DefaultHandler (SAX) to traverse the document tree and locate device elements and connection elements.

[0063] Identify all equipment elements from the CIM model file and extract equipment information, which may include the equipment ID, name, type, voltage level, substation, and location. The equipment ID is a string that uniquely identifies the equipment; the name is the name or description of the equipment; the type is the type of equipment, such as transformer or circuit breaker; the voltage level is the voltage value of the current equipment; the substation is the specific substation to which the current equipment belongs; and the location is the location of the equipment in the power system, which can be achieved by referencing other elements, such as substation or busbar.

[0064] The topological relationships between devices are extracted by analyzing their connection points or related connection elements. The connection point list in the CIM model is traversed to find interconnected device pairs and their connection information is recorded. The hierarchical relationships between devices are inferred based on their connection relationships, location relationships, and their functional roles in the power system.

[0065] CIM model files typically also contain information about line identification, such as line name, line ID, or other unique identifiers to distinguish different lines. Additionally, each device usually has a field pointing to the feeder or line it is connected to.

[0066] Step 1102: Design database tables based on basic device information and the topological relationships between devices.

[0067] When designing database tables for basic storage device information, in addition to the basic information of the storage devices and the topological relationships between devices, it is also necessary to add one or more fields to each device or topological relationship to identify the line to which it belongs. These fields can be foreign keys that directly point to the line table, or they can be string fields that store line names or unique identifiers.

[0068] Step 1103: Store the extracted basic equipment information, the topological relationships between equipment, and the association information between equipment and lines into a relational database.

[0069] Step 120: In the relational database, filter out devices and topological relationships that meet the preset conditions as the original data source.

[0070] Before performing targeted searches in an existing relational database, the specific requirements for graph construction must be clearly defined to define the query conditions. For example, if a topology map of a power grid in a certain area needs to be constructed, the geographical scope, equipment type, and other filtering conditions of that area must be determined. Simultaneously, the scope of topology-related data must be clearly defined, such as whether it includes direct connections and indirect hierarchical relationships between devices, and whether it needs to be associated with line identification information.

[0071] The selected device information and topology data are integrated into a structured dataset, which serves as the original data source for graph construction.

[0072] Step 130: Load the original data source into the preset data model, complete the data operation and analysis through the preset data model, and output a structured data set that can be directly used for graphic drawing.

[0073] The original data sources obtained through the filtering process are loaded into the preset data model to complete the adaptation between the original data and the model fields. The preset data model includes a node information model and a relationship information model. The node information model mainly defines the core attributes of the equipment nodes required for graphic drawing, including standardized fields such as unique node identifier, node name, equipment type (e.g., transformer, switch, tower), geographical coordinates (latitude and longitude), operating status, and affiliated station. The relationship information model mainly defines the core attributes of the topological relationship between nodes, including standardized fields such as source node ID, target node ID, and affiliated line ID / name.

[0074] Based on a pre-defined model, multi-dimensional operations and analyses are performed on the loaded raw data. For example, in the data standardization stage, records with inconsistent formats in the raw data are standardized, and expressions such as "running," "normal," and "in use" used interchangeably in the "operating status" field are standardized into three standard values: "operating," "out of service," and "under maintenance." In the topology verification and reconstruction stage, the association records between source node IDs and target node IDs in the raw data are checked, and problems such as "source node does not exist" and "node association loop under the same line" caused by data entry errors are found. The erroneous associations are corrected, and the node connection relationships that conform to the power grid topology logic are reconstructed. In the graphical attribute derivation stage, based on the equipment type and connection status, attributes such as the associated line type (such as bus tie connection) required for graphical drawing are derived. Finally, a standardized structured dataset that meets the requirements for graphical drawing is output. This dataset is the standardized equipment node information and association relationship information.

[0075] Step 200: Based on standardized equipment node information and relationships, model and map the equipment nodes and relationships according to the station building information to obtain station building topology unit data; group and cluster all substations according to the voltage level attributes of the station building topology unit data.

[0076] As an example, step 200 specifically includes:

[0077] Step 210: Modeling and mapping of equipment nodes and their relationships: Traverse the standardized power supply node information and relationship information data, convert them into station topology unit data containing substation affiliation and voltage level attributes, clarify the substation to which each power supply node belongs, and distinguish between intra-substation group connections and inter-substation group connections.

[0078] Based on standardized equipment node information data, the substation affiliation ID and voltage level fields are extracted for each equipment node. For example, by matching the "Substation ID" field in the equipment table with the "Substation ID" field in the substation table, attributes such as substation name and voltage level are injected into the equipment node data, forming basic data for station topology units containing attributes such as "substation affiliation," "voltage level," and "equipment type." Simultaneously, uniqueness checks are performed on power supply nodes to ensure ID consistency for the same equipment across different data sources, avoiding duplicate records. For equipment nodes that cannot be directly associated with a substation, such as overhead line nodes, their connected substation equipment, such as transformers and circuit breakers, is traced through topological relationships to indirectly determine their substation affiliation, completing the full attribute mapping of the node data.

[0079] Based on the correlation information data, the substation affiliation IDs of device node pairs are compared to distinguish between intra-group and inter-group connections. For node pairs with the same substation ID, they are marked as "intra-group connection," and the connection type is added. For node pairs with different substation IDs, they are marked as "inter-group connection," and attributes such as line voltage level and line ID are recorded. Simultaneously, combined with the voltage level field, voltage level matching verification is performed on inter-group connections to ensure that connections between high-voltage and low-voltage substations conform to the power system's operating logic, such as the step-down connection between a 220kV and a 110kV substation.

[0080] The processed node data and related relationship data are integrated into a structured station topology unit dataset, which includes a node attribute table, a connection relationship table, and a hierarchical structure table, forming a standardized data model that can be directly input into a graphics engine. The node attribute table includes equipment ID, substation affiliation, voltage level, and coordinates; the connection relationship table includes equipment ID pairs, connection type, and voltage level; and the hierarchical structure table includes a substation-equipment hierarchical chain.

[0081] Step 220: Hierarchical grouping of voltage levels: Based on the voltage level attributes of the station building topology unit data, all substations are grouped and clustered, and then sorted in descending order according to voltage level.

[0082] After standardizing the substation topology unit data, it is necessary to group, cluster, and hierarchically sort the substations based on voltage level attributes to provide structured data support for voltage hierarchical visualization. The specific steps are as follows:

[0083] First, extract all substation nodes from the station building topology unit data and obtain their associated voltage level fields, such as 500kV, 220kV, 110kV, etc.

[0084] Subsequently, data aggregation algorithms are used to group substations by voltage level, and substations of the same voltage level are grouped into the same logical cluster, forming hierarchical sets such as "500kV substation group" and "220kV substation group".

[0085] Next, the voltage levels are sorted in descending order. By using custom sorting rules (such as converting voltage values ​​to numerical values ​​for comparison) or a predefined level list ([500, 220, 110, 35]), high-voltage level substations are prioritized, generating an ordered voltage level sequence, such as 500kV→220kV→110kV→35kV.

[0086] Finally, the grouping results and sorting information are integrated into a structured dataset, with each substation record containing its voltage group, its internal sequence number, and a global hierarchical index.

[0087] Step 300: Group the equipment in the substation according to voltage level, locate the associated sequence with the busbar as the core and match the busbar type, sort out the associated sequence between the equipment and the busbar, generate a busbar group list, and calculate the location information of the equipment in the substation based on the busbar group list.

[0088] The busbar layout within the main grid substation encompasses more than a dozen complex busbar structures, including 3 / 2 connection, busbar-less connection, side busbar connection (including single busbar side busbar connection, double busbar side busbar connection, and three busbar side busbar connection), and conventional busbar connection (including single busbar connection, double busbar connection, three busbar connection, four busbar connection, and multiple busbar connection). In actual layout, the combination of various types of busbars also increases the layout difficulty, requiring standardized layout through refined rules.

[0089] Step 310: Substation voltage level grouping: Extract the voltage level attributes of all power supply nodes in the current substation, divide them into subgroups according to voltage from high to low, and each voltage level subgroup corresponds to the equipment cluster under the same voltage level.

[0090] The voltage level attributes of all power supply nodes within the current substation are extracted from the substation topology unit data, and grouped by voltage level using a data aggregation algorithm. For example, 220kV equipment is grouped into the "220kV subgroup," and 110kV equipment is grouped into the "110kV subgroup," forming equipment clusters under the same voltage level. During grouping, the integrity of the voltage levels must be verified to ensure no omissions or misclassifications, such as mislabeling 35kV equipment as 110kV. This provides clear voltage level boundaries for subsequent busbar group location.

[0091] Step 320: Busbar Group Core Location: Using the busbars at each voltage level as the core topology nodes, sort out the association sequence between equipment and busbars according to the relationship between equipment, and generate a list of busbar groups corresponding to each voltage level.

[0092] For each voltage level subgroup, the list of equipment directly connected to the busbar is first extracted from the station topology unit data, including incoming switches, outgoing switches, transformers, bypass busbars, voltage transformers, etc. Then, based on the equipment function and connection direction, the associated equipment is divided into three categories: incoming side, busbar side and outgoing side according to the basic logic of "power input-busbar-load output".

[0093] For example, in a typical substation wiring configuration, incoming line equipment (such as line-side disconnect switches and circuit breakers) are linked to busbar nodes, forming a sequence of "incoming switch → busbar"; outgoing line equipment (such as transformer low-voltage side switches and feeder circuit breakers) are linked from busbar nodes to the equipment, forming a sequence of "busbar → outgoing switch"; if there is a situation where the transformer is directly connected to the busbar, a short sequence of "busbar → transformer" is generated; for wiring configurations equipped with bypass busbars, it is also necessary to identify the linkage of "busbar → bypass switch → bypass busbar" and the backup connection path between the bypass busbar and the outgoing switch.

[0094] By traversing all device relationships, all devices under the same busbar are connected in series according to the connection order to form a busbar group list corresponding to each voltage level, such as "Incoming switch 1 - Busbar A - Outgoing switch 1", "Incoming switch 2 - Busbar A - Transformer 1", "Busbar A - Bypass switch 1 - Bypass busbar B - Outgoing switch 2", etc., which are complete association sequences. Finally, all buses and their association sequences under the same voltage level are integrated into a busbar group list. Each busbar group contains attributes such as busbar ID, a list of associated device IDs, sequence type (such as main connection / bypass connection) and connection direction, providing a structured topology basis for subsequent busbar group type matching and coordinate calculation.

[0095] Step 330: Automatic bus group type matching: Obtain the bus group mode label, and identify the specific type of the current bus group by matching the bus group mode label of the bus in the device information with the device association relationship.

[0096] In the automatic bus group type matching process, it is necessary to make comprehensive use of the equipment association data and the bus group mode tags stored in the equipment information table, and accurately identify the specific type of the current bus group through a preset rule engine or logical judgment process.

[0097] Specifically, the system first extracts the relationship chain of all equipment in the target bus group from the topology data, such as typical sequences like "incoming switch → bus → outgoing switch", "bus → transformer", and "bus → bypass switch → bypass bus". At the same time, it reads the "bus group mode label" field of the bus from the equipment information table, such as "single bus segment", "double bus connection", "bypass bus connection", and "3 / 2 connection".

[0098] Subsequently, a matching rule base was established based on the characteristics of different wiring modes:

[0099] (1) If there is only one bus in the associated sequence, and both the incoming and outgoing equipment are directly connected to the bus, and the equipment information label is “single bus connection”, then it is determined to be a single bus connection mode;

[0100] (2) If there are two busbars (such as busbar A and busbar B), and the incoming equipment is connected to the two busbars alternately through a switch, and the outgoing equipment is the same, and the label is “double busbar connection”, then it is matched as double busbar connection;

[0101] (3) If the associated sequence contains a sub-chain of “bus → bypass switch → bypass bus”, and the bypass bus forms a backup connection path with the outgoing switch through the bypass switch, and the label is “bypass bus connection”, then it is identified as bypass bus connection mode.

[0102] (4) If there are three circuit breakers in the bus group that are connected in series to two busbars and outgoing equipment (such as “incoming line → circuit breaker → busbar → circuit breaker → outgoing line → circuit breaker → another busbar”), and the label is “3 / 2 connection”, then it is determined to be a 3 / 2 connection mode.

[0103] Step 340: Precise calculation of station coordinates: Busbar location: Combine the number of busbars and the density of equipment association to calculate the reference coordinates of each busbar, ensuring that the spacing between busbars of the same voltage level is uniform and that busbars of different voltage levels are isolated in layers.

[0104] Accurate calculation of station coordinates requires a layered layout based on topology and visualization needs: When calculating busbar positions, the number of buses of the same voltage level and the density of equipment associations must be considered. An equidistant grid method is used to determine the baseline coordinates. The equipment association density is calculated by statistically analyzing the number of devices directly associated with each busbar and distinguishing between the uplink and downlink connections. For example, if there are three buses at a certain voltage level, the X-coordinate is evenly distributed horizontally, with intervals of 200 pixels. The Y-coordinate maintains a fixed spacing, and the busbar length association density is dynamically adjusted, extending accordingly as the number of associated devices increases to avoid device node overlap and ensure uniform spacing between buses on the same layer that matches the device distribution. Busbars of different voltage levels are vertically isolated, with the high-voltage layer on top and the low-voltage layer below. The vertical spacing between layers is set proportionally to the voltage level difference (e.g., the spacing between 500kV and 220kV layers is 1.5 times that between 110kV and 35kV layers), achieving physical isolation and clear visual hierarchy.

[0105] The bus tie switch should be located at the intersection of the extended lines of the central axis of the adjacent busbars. Its X and Y coordinates should be determined by geometric calculation, such as the midpoint of the line connecting the midpoint coordinates (X1, Y1) of busbar A and the midpoint coordinates (X2, Y2) of busbar B. Ensure that the connection path between the switch and the two busbars is a horizontal or vertical straight line to avoid the connection lines crossing or being blocked due to coordinate offset.

[0106] For the bypass bus connection mode, the bypass bus position needs to be at a preset fixed distance (e.g., 50 pixels) below the main bus. The path coordinates are calculated according to the topology logic of "main bus → bypass switch → bypass bus". The coordinates of the bypass switch are taken as the vertical projection point of the midpoint between the main bus and the bypass bus, ensuring that the bypass link is straight and parallel to the main bus, and the path is clearly identifiable.

[0107] The coordinates of the transformer and incoming / outgoing line switches are calculated starting from the busbar and along a direction perpendicular to the busbar (e.g., rightward is the positive direction). They are arranged sequentially in the order of "busbar → switch → equipment". The X coordinate increases in increments. For example, the X coordinate of the busbar + 100 pixels is the position of the switch, and the X coordinate of the switch + 80 pixels is the position of the transformer. The Y coordinate is kept aligned with the busbar to ensure that the power supply path is a horizontal straight line. The equipment is arranged neatly and the power supply path is intuitive and does not intersect. This ultimately forms a reasonable layout and clear path of the station's topology coordinate system, providing accurate coordinate basis for subsequent graphic rendering.

[0108] Step 400: Based on the location information of equipment within the station, optimize the layout of inter-substation connections and avoid line crossings.

[0109] This step connects with the substation topology mapping results, focusing on the optimization of the entire process from "substation hierarchical layout - inter-station connection construction - line crossing and overlap avoidance". Through hierarchical positioning, association priority sorting, differentiated path calculation and dynamic adjustment, it achieves clear inter-station topology and standardized line layout. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0110] Step 410: Substation voltage level hierarchical layout.

[0111] In scenarios involving upstream substations, to ensure the standardization and readability of the topology layout between upstream and downstream substations, positioning is achieved through vertical layering and horizontal sorting rules. The vertical layering includes: extracting the ordinate of all nodes in the upstream substation and taking the maximum value as the baseline; setting the basic layer spacing proportionally based on the voltage level difference between upstream and downstream substations; using the known inter-station connection relationship, i.e., "the possible number of outgoing lines from upstream and downstream substations," as the core consideration, and combining this with the voltage level difference between upstream and downstream substations, setting the spacing proportionally, following the principle of "the more outgoing lines, the higher the layer spacing." For example, if the upstream substation voltage level is 220kV and the current downstream substation voltage level is 110kV, the maximum ordinate of all nodes in the upstream substation is extracted as the baseline value. The starting ordinate of the current 110kV substation = baseline value (maximum Y-coordinate) + basic layer spacing (number of outgoing lines). (Fixed proportional coefficient), while also considering a compact layout. Based on the benchmark value and the basic hierarchical spacing, the starting ordinate of the current voltage level substation is calculated by superimposing the coordinates to ensure that the vertical layers of the upper and lower level substations do not overlap. For the upper-level substation using a full 3 / 2 wiring mode, due to its large number of vertically arranged nodes, high equipment density, and numerous outgoing ports, the starting ordinate of its lower-level substations is additionally increased by the hierarchical spacing: that is, the starting ordinate of the lower-level substation is uniformly offset downward by k fixed units (e.g., 10 pixels) based on the result of superimposing the benchmark value and the basic hierarchical spacing, where k is the number of vertically arranged nodes, to avoid cross-blocking of equipment between the lower-level and upper-level substations, while reserving sufficient space for inter-station line layout. The horizontal sorting includes: collecting the abscissas of all connection points between the current substation and the upper-level substation to form a set, calculating the average abscissa of all connection points in the set; using the average abscissa as a benchmark, combined with the number of substations of the same voltage level, evenly distributing the basic abscissa of each substation, so that the inter-station connection path is as straight as possible.

[0112] In scenarios without a superior substation, the connection points between the current substation and all subordinate substations are traversed, recording the source substation (current substation) and target substation (subordinate substation) for each connection line, forming a set of connection relationships. Centered on the current substation, all subordinate substations are divided into direct power supply areas according to their connection relationships, forming a tree-like structure of the radiation range, and constructing a power supply radiation range model. A basic score is calculated based on the number of connection lines between the subordinate substation and the current substation. Substations with direct peer connections to the substation with the highest basic score have a higher comprehensive score than other substations, and so on, to obtain the comprehensive score of each superior substation. The substations are arranged in descending order of comprehensive score to obtain a priority sequence, realizing the sorting rule of adjusting the superior substation arrangement in reverse order of the subordinate substation arrangement. The substation with the smallest X value in the subordinate substation arrangement is used as the benchmark, and a vertical baseline of the Y-axis is drawn extending upwards and downwards. The superior substation with the highest score is placed on the vertical baseline, and its horizontal coordinate remains unchanged. Starting from the second highest score, substations are arranged in descending order of score to the right of the highest score substation.

[0113] Step 420: Optimize the associative sorting of substations at the same level:

[0114] For the series chain structure existing in substations of the same voltage level, a "association strength priority + recursive sorting" strategy is adopted to reduce the crossing of lines between substations, specifically including:

[0115] For substations of the same level that are connected in series, calculate the connection strength with the superior substation based on the number of connecting lines, transmission capacity, and voltage level difference. Arrange the substations in descending order of connection strength with the superior substation. For example, if the connection strength is denoted as... If the number of communication lines is n, then The higher the connection strength, the closer it is to the superior center; if the connection strength is the same as that of the superior substation, the node closer to the superior in the series chain is preferred; a recursive chain layout approach is adopted, using topological search to determine the substation directly connected to the superior with the highest connection strength as the chain starting point, and recursively traversing the chain-related nodes to arrange the substations in the same chain horizontally adjacent in sequence, such as... Where K represents the priority level, with K=2 for substations on the same chain and K=0 for the rest; ensuring that the lines in the series links are distributed in a straight line to avoid crossing chains. For example: if the current substation has substations A (2 connecting lines), B (5 connecting lines), C (1 connecting line), D (3 connecting lines, connected to B at the same level), and E (4 connecting lines, connected to B at the same level), then the basic score is... The scores are 2, 5, 1, 3, and 4 respectively, for a total score of 4. The scores are 2, 105, 1, 203, and 204 respectively. The priority order is B > E > D > A > C, arranged in descending order of comprehensive score.

[0116] For substations of the same level that are not connected in series, the vertical baseline of the chain layout is used as the ordinate, and the substations without series connection are arranged sequentially to the right to ensure a uniform overall layout.

[0117] Step 430: Standardized layout of inter-station communication paths and equipment: Based on the substation location results, construct clear inter-station communication links and simultaneously improve key equipment such as communication switches.

[0118] A base coordinate system (baseX, baseY) is set for each voltage level substation. The absolute coordinates of all power supply nodes within the substation are calculated by combining the base coordinates with the relative coordinates of the nodes. The size parameters (width and height) of the power supply nodes are also included to locate the line connection points and avoid connection offsets caused by neglecting the node size.

[0119] Step 440: Dynamic Optimization of Line Crossings and Overlaps: For the completed inter-station lines, a closed-loop detection-adjustment-verification process is used to resolve issues such as line overlaps, excessively close spacing, and insufficient substation spacing. Line crossing and overlap detection includes:

[0120] The line segment intersection algorithm is used to traverse all inter-station lines, identify intersecting line pairs and overlapping line segments; parallel lines with a spacing of less than a preset threshold (such as 5px) are marked as objects to be optimized.

[0121] If the spacing between lines at a certain level is insufficient due to an increase in the number of lines, calculate the total width of all lines at that level, and then reverse the calculation to adjust the basic horizontal coordinate of the substation, thereby increasing the spacing between substations at the same level and ensuring that the lines have sufficient space for distribution.

[0122] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power supply layout method based on voltage stratification, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 100: Obtain the CIM model file, parse and process the CIM model file to obtain standardized equipment node information and relationships; Step 200: Based on standardized equipment node information and relationships, model and map the equipment nodes and relationships to obtain station topology unit data; group and cluster all substations according to the voltage level attributes of the station topology unit data; Step 300: Group the equipment in the substation according to voltage level, locate the associated sequence with the busbar as the core and match the busbar type, sort out the associated sequence between the equipment and the busbar, generate a busbar group list, and calculate the location information of the equipment in the substation based on the busbar group list; Step 400: Based on the location information of equipment within the station, optimize the layout of inter-substation connections and avoid line crossings; Step 400 also includes: a hierarchical layout of substation voltage levels. In scenarios with an upstream substation, positioning is achieved through vertical layering and horizontal sorting rules. The vertical layering includes: extracting the ordinates of all nodes of the upper-level substation and taking the maximum value as the reference value; setting the basic layer spacing according to the voltage level difference between the upper and lower levels; and calculating the starting ordinate of the current voltage level substation by superimposing the reference value and the basic layer spacing. The horizontal sorting includes: collecting the abscissas of all connection points between the current substation and the upper-level substation to form a set, and calculating the average abscissa of all connection points in the set; using the average abscissa as a benchmark, and combining the number of substations of the same voltage level, evenly distributing the basic abscissas of each substation so that the inter-station connection path is a straight line. In scenarios without a superior substation, the connection points between the current substation and all subordinate substations are traversed, and the source substation and target substation of each connection line are recorded to form a set of connection relationships. Centered on the current substation, all subordinate substations are divided into direct power supply areas according to their interconnection relationships, forming a tree-like structure of the radiation range, and a power supply radiation range model is constructed. A basic score is calculated based on the number of interconnection lines between the current substation and the lower-level substation. The substation with the highest basic score has a direct connection to the same level as the substation with the highest basic score. Its comprehensive score is higher than that of the other substations. This process is repeated to obtain the comprehensive score of each upper-level substation. The substations are then sorted in descending order of their comprehensive scores to obtain a priority sequence. This allows for the reverse adjustment of the sorting rules of the upper-level substations based on the sorting of the lower-level substations. Using the substation with the smallest X-value as the baseline, draw a vertical baseline line extending upwards and downwards along the Y-axis; place the highest-scoring upper-level substation on the vertical baseline line, keeping its horizontal coordinate unchanged; starting from the second highest score, arrange the substations in descending order of score to the right of the highest-scoring substation.

2. The power supply layout method based on voltage stratification according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 100 includes: The XML format data of the CIM model file is converted into relational data and stored in a relational database; in the relational database, devices and topology relationships that meet preset conditions are selected as the original data source. The original data source is loaded into the preset data model, and the preset data model is used to perform calculations and analyses on the original data source to obtain standardized device node information and relationships.

3. The power supply layout method based on voltage stratification according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 200, the station topology unit data includes a node attribute table, a connection relationship table, and a hierarchical structure table.

4. The power supply layout method based on voltage stratification according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 300, the associated sequences are located and bus types are matched with the bus as the core, the associated sequences between equipment and buses are sorted out, and a bus group list is generated, including: For each voltage level subgroup, a list of devices directly connected to the busbar is extracted from the station topology unit data. Based on the device function and connection direction, the associated devices are divided into three categories: incoming side, busbar side, and outgoing side. By traversing all device relationships, all devices under the same busbar are connected in series according to the connection order to form a list of busbar groups corresponding to each voltage level.

5. A power supply layout method based on voltage stratification according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step 300 further includes: obtaining the bus group mode label, and identifying the specific type of the current bus group by using the bus group mode label of the bus in the device information and the device association relationship.

6. A power supply layout method based on voltage stratification according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step 300, the location information of the equipment within the station is calculated based on the busbar group list, including: Calculate the reference coordinates of each busbar by combining the number of busbars and the density of equipment association; Bus tie switch location: Coordinates are assigned to the position of the extension line of the centerline of the adjacent busbar; Transformer and incoming / outgoing line association: Starting from the busbar, calculate the coordinates of the transformer and incoming / outgoing line switches along the direction perpendicular to the busbar, and arrange them in the connection sequence of busbar-switch-equipment.

7. A power supply layout method based on voltage stratification according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 400 also includes: optimization of the associative sorting of substations at the same level: For substations of the same level that are connected in series, the connection strength with the superior substation is calculated based on the number of connecting lines, transmission capacity, and voltage level difference. Substations are arranged in descending order of connection strength with the superior substation, with higher strength indicating closer proximity to the superior center. If the connection strength with the superior substation is the same, the node closer to the superior in the series chain is selected. A recursive chain layout approach is adopted, and the substation with the highest connection strength that is directly connected to the superior is determined by topological search as the starting point of the chain. By recursively traversing the associated nodes of the chain, the substations in the same chain are arranged horizontally adjacent in sequence. For substations of the same level that are not connected in series, the longitudinal baseline of the chain layout is used as the ordinate, and the substations without series connection are arranged sequentially to the right.

8. A power supply layout method based on voltage stratification according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step 400 further includes: using a line segment intersection algorithm to traverse all inter-station lines, identify intersecting line pairs and overlapping line segments; and marking parallel lines with a spacing less than a preset threshold as objects to be optimized. If the spacing between substations at a certain level is insufficient due to an increase in the number of lines, calculate the total width of all lines at that level, and then reverse the calculation to adjust the basic horizontal coordinate of the substations to increase the spacing between substations at the same level.

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