A short wave radio station integrating monitoring and jamming
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHENGDU SIDU SPACE TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
Smart Images
Figure CN121887216B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of shortwave communication and electronic countermeasures technology, and in particular to a shortwave radio that integrates communication, detection, and jamming. Background Technology
[0002] Shortwave communication (1.5-30MHz) holds an irreplaceable position in beyond-line-of-sight tactical communication due to its unique ionospheric reflection propagation characteristics. However, the survivability of existing shortwave communication systems in complex electromagnetic environments faces severe challenges, mainly in the following three aspects:
[0003] 1. Low combat effectiveness due to system fragmentation: Traditional shortwave tactical communication systems employ a functionally separated architecture: the shortwave radio is only responsible for communication functions, requiring additional configuration of a shortwave reconnaissance receiver (typically weighing ≥5kg) and a shortwave jammer (weighing ≥8kg). This fragmented architecture results in a soldier's load exceeding 15kg, severely restricting the unit's mobility. Data links between devices need to be established via wired or wireless means, with system deployment times reaching tens of minutes, failing to meet the rapid mobility requirements of modern battlefield operations.
[0004] 2. Manual operation is ill-suited to modern electromagnetic threats: Existing systems' reconnaissance-jamming processes heavily rely on manual operation. After reconnaissance equipment detects a signal, operators need to manually determine the signal's nature, record parameters, and then transmit the intelligence to the jamming equipment operator via voice or data link. The entire response process takes ≥30 seconds. This delay makes the system unable to effectively counter modern frequency-hopping signals with hopping rates ≥2000 hops / second, rendering it almost ineffective in rapidly changing electromagnetic environments.
[0005] 3. Electromagnetic compatibility issues affect system reliability: When multiple devices operate in close proximity, high-power interference signals can block sensitive reconnaissance receivers (spurious signals ≥ -40dBm) and also interfere with communication receivers, causing the error rate of friendly communication to exceed 10%. Although physical isolation can alleviate this problem to some extent, it will further increase the system size and weight, reducing its practicality.
[0006] This invention aims to solve the following core technical problems: 1. How to achieve a high degree of integration of shortwave communication, reconnaissance, and jamming functions, significantly reducing system size, weight, and power consumption; 2. How to achieve fully automatic and rapid linkage from signal detection to interference response, shortening the response time from minutes to milliseconds; 3. How to solve the electromagnetic compatibility problem when multiple functions work simultaneously, ensuring that the quality of one's own communication is not affected. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an integrated shortwave radio for communication, detection, and jamming.
[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: an integrated communication, detection, and jamming shortwave radio, comprising a main control SDR module, wherein the main control SDR module is connected to a radio frequency front-end module, and the radio frequency front-end module is connected to an antenna switching unit;
[0009] The main control SDR module includes a programmable system-on-a-chip, which runs a variety of functional software for intelligent linkage of communication, reconnaissance and jamming functions. The programmable system-on-a-chip integrates an FPGA logic unit and an ARM Cortex-A9 processor. The FPGA logic unit is used for real-time signal processing, and the ARM Cortex-A9 processor is used for system logic control, human-computer interaction and data storage.
[0010] The radio frequency front-end module includes a communication radio frequency unit, a reconnaissance radio frequency unit, and a jamming radio frequency unit. The communication radio frequency unit is used for communication using multiple communication modes, and its transmission power is continuously adjustable. The jamming radio frequency unit is used for fixed-frequency suppression jamming or frequency hopping tracking jamming, and its jamming power is continuously adjustable within a preset jamming power range.
[0011] The antenna switching unit includes a whip antenna and an SP3T RF switch. The SP3T RF switch connects the communication radio RF unit, the reconnaissance RF unit, the jamming RF unit, and the whip antenna. The timing signal output by the FPGA logic unit controls the whip antenna to be time-division multiplexed between communication, reconnaissance, and jamming functions.
[0012] Preferably, the programmable system-on-chip uses a Xilinx Zynq-7010 SoC chip; the functional software includes communication software, reconnaissance software, and jamming software.
[0013] Preferably, the radio frequency unit of the communication radio operates in the frequency band of 1.5MHz to 30MHz, the hopping rate is 1000 hops / second, and the transmission power is continuously adjustable in the range of 1W to 20W. The communication modes include SSB, FSK and frequency hopping communication modes.
[0014] The reconnaissance radio frequency unit operates in a frequency band covering the entire range of 1.5MHz to 30MHz, with a receiving sensitivity of ≤-90dBm and a frequency resolution of 100Hz; the interference power is continuously adjustable within the range of 5W to 30W.
[0015] Preferably, the whip antenna has a length of 1.2m; and the switching time of the SP3T RF switch is ≤1ms.
[0016] Preferably, a metal isolation cavity is provided between the communication radio frequency unit, the reconnaissance radio frequency unit, and the jamming radio frequency unit to achieve electromagnetic compatibility, and the shielding effectiveness of the metal isolation cavity is ≥60dB; a bandpass filter is connected in series at the output end of the jamming radio frequency unit, and the spurious suppression of the bandpass filter is ≥50dB.
[0017] Preferably, the main control SDR module is also equipped with a 12MHz temperature-compensated crystal oscillator, the frequency stability of which is ≤±0.5ppm, to ensure the frequency accuracy of the radio frequency signal.
[0018] Preferably, it also includes a power supply and interface unit, which includes a 14.8V lithium battery pack, an external 12V DC power supply interface, an RS422 serial port and an Ethernet port, for powering, transmitting data and remotely controlling each module unit.
[0019] Preferably, the linkage logic of the functional software includes the following steps:
[0020] Step 1: After the radio is powered on and initialized, it enters standby-communication mode. The antenna is connected to the radio's radio frequency unit by default. The reconnaissance radio frequency unit starts a spectrum scan every first preset time interval.
[0021] Step 2: After the reconnaissance radio frequency unit captures the unknown signal, it extracts the signal's frequency, modulation method, and hopping speed characteristics, and compares them with the pre-stored own signal feature database;
[0022] Step 3: If the signal is determined to be an enemy signal, the radio frequency unit of the communication radio switches to the backup frequency hopping channel within a second preset time, and the jamming radio frequency unit generates a matching jamming strategy according to the type of enemy signal.
[0023] Step 4: After the interference continues for the third preset time, the reconnaissance radio frequency unit scans the target frequency band again. If the enemy signal strength drops below the preset strength, the antenna switches back to the communication radio frequency unit and restores the original communication channel; if the target is not met, the interference power or interference pattern is adjusted and the interference is executed again.
[0024] Preferably, the first preset time is 10ms, the second preset time is 1ms, the third preset time is 5s, and the preset intensity is -90dBm; the scan duration of the spectrum scan is 1ms, and the duty cycle is 10%.
[0025] Preferably, in step 3, when the enemy signal is a fixed-frequency signal, the jamming radio frequency unit outputs suppression interference with the same frequency as the enemy signal but with 20dB higher power; when the enemy signal is a frequency-hopping signal, the FPGA logic unit tracks the enemy frequency-hopping sequence through a phase difference algorithm, with a tracking error ≤ 1 hop, and the jamming radio frequency unit synchronously outputs frequency-hopping interference.
[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:
[0027] 1) This invention breaks through the limitations of traditional single-function equipment by adopting an SDR hardware and software collaborative architecture. The intelligent linkage mechanism reduces the signal recognition and interference response time to the millisecond level, greatly improving the system's combat efficiency and realizing the integrated function of communication, reconnaissance, and jamming.
[0028] 2) Integrates communication, reconnaissance, and jamming functions into a single device, weighing ≤8kg (50% lighter than traditional split devices) and with a volume ≤12L, supporting individual soldier carrying or vehicle deployment. Employs single-antenna time-division multiplexing technology (SP3T switching time ≤1ms), simplifying the structure and improving mobility.
[0029] 3) The reconnaissance-jamming linkage time is ≤3ms, which is 6000 times faster than manual operation; the FPGA signal processing latency is ≤1μs; it supports signal tracking with a hopping speed of ≥2000 hops / second, a frequency resolution of 100Hz, and a recognition accuracy of ≥95%; the isolation cavity shielding effectiveness is ≥60dB, the bit error rate is reduced to 0.5%, and the problem of multi-module interference is solved.
[0030] 4) It can automatically identify enemy and friendly signals and adaptively select jamming strategies (fixed frequency suppression or frequency hopping tracking) to avoid friendly communication. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0034] See Figures 1-2 The present invention provides a technical solution: an integrated communication, detection and jamming shortwave radio, including a main control SDR module, wherein the main control SDR module is connected to a radio frequency front-end module, and the radio frequency front-end module is connected to an antenna switching unit;
[0035] The main control SDR module includes a programmable system-on-a-chip, which runs a variety of functional software for intelligent linkage of communication, reconnaissance and jamming functions. The programmable system-on-a-chip integrates an FPGA logic unit and an ARM Cortex-A9 processor. The FPGA logic unit is used for real-time signal processing, and the ARM Cortex-A9 processor is used for system logic control, human-computer interaction and data storage.
[0036] The radio frequency front-end module includes a communication radio frequency unit, a reconnaissance radio frequency unit, and a jamming radio frequency unit. The communication radio frequency unit is used for communication using multiple communication modes, and its transmission power is continuously adjustable. The jamming radio frequency unit is used for fixed-frequency suppression jamming or frequency hopping tracking jamming, and its jamming power is continuously adjustable within a preset jamming power range.
[0037] The antenna switching unit includes a whip antenna and an SP3T RF switch. The SP3T RF switch connects the communication radio RF unit, the reconnaissance RF unit, the jamming RF unit, and the whip antenna. The timing signal output by the FPGA logic unit controls the whip antenna to be time-division multiplexed between communication, reconnaissance, and jamming functions.
[0038] In this embodiment, the main control SDR module uses a Xilinx Zynq-7010 SoC chip as its core processor. This chip integrates a dual-core ARM Cortex-A9 processor and an FPGA programmable logic unit. The ARM processor runs a Linux operating system and is responsible for system control, human-machine interaction, and data storage functions. The FPGA part is programmed using the Verilog hardware description language to realize real-time extraction and processing of signal features, with processing latency strictly controlled within ≤1μs.
[0039] To ensure frequency accuracy, the main control board is equipped with a 12MHz temperature-compensated crystal oscillator (TCXO), with a frequency stability of ≤±0.5ppm. The crystal oscillator output signal is distributed by a clock distribution circuit to provide a synchronous clock reference for the ARM processor, FPGA logic, and RF module.
[0040] The RF front-end adopts a modular design, with three sub-modules physically installed independently: The communication radio RF unit is built based on the AD9361 RF transceiver chip, operating in the 1.5-30MHz frequency band, supporting SSB, FSK, and frequency hopping modes. The power amplifier uses a stepped gain design, achieving continuously adjustable output from 1W to 20W through a digitally controlled attenuator. The reconnaissance RF unit employs a superheterodyne receiver architecture, with the local oscillator signal generated by a DDS chip, achieving a frequency resolution of 100Hz. The receiving channel is equipped with an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit with a 90dB dynamic range, ensuring a receiving sensitivity ≤-90dBm. The jamming RF unit uses direct digital frequency synthesis (DDS) technology to generate jamming signals, supporting both fixed-frequency suppression and frequency hopping tracking modes. The power amplifier module uses GaN power transistors, with continuously adjustable output power from 5-30W. A 1mm thick aluminum alloy isolation cavity is provided between each RF module, with beryllium copper springs at the cavity seams to ensure electrical continuity, achieving a shielding effectiveness ≥60dB. A seventh-order Chebyshev bandpass filter is connected in series at the output of the interference module, with in-band insertion loss ≤1dB and out-of-band spurious rejection ≥50dB. A π-type filter network is installed at the power input to suppress conducted interference on the power line.
[0041] The antenna switching unit uses a 1.2m whip antenna with an integrated impedance matching network at the bottom, ensuring a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) ≤2.0 across the entire 1.5-30MHz frequency band. The SP3T RF switch uses a PIN diode fast switching device with a switching time ≤1ms. The switch control signal is generated by the FPGA's GPIO port, amplified by the driver circuit, and then controls the switch state.
[0042] In some embodiments, the programmable system-on-chip uses a Xilinx Zynq-7010 SoC chip; the functional software includes communication software, reconnaissance software, and jamming software.
[0043] In some embodiments, the radio frequency unit of the communication radio operates in a frequency band of 1.5MHz to 30MHz, has a hopping rate of 1000 hops / second, and its transmission power is continuously adjustable in the range of 1W to 20W. The communication modes include SSB, FSK, and frequency hopping communication modes.
[0044] The reconnaissance radio frequency unit operates in a frequency band covering the entire range of 1.5MHz to 30MHz, with a receiving sensitivity of ≤-90dBm and a frequency resolution of 100Hz; the interference power is continuously adjustable within the range of 5W to 30W.
[0045] In some embodiments, the whip antenna has a length of 1.2m; the switching time of the SP3T RF switch is ≤1ms.
[0046] In some embodiments, a metal isolation cavity is provided between the communication radio frequency unit, the reconnaissance radio frequency unit, and the jamming radio frequency unit to achieve electromagnetic compatibility, and the shielding effectiveness of the metal isolation cavity is ≥60dB; a bandpass filter is connected in series at the output terminal of the jamming radio frequency unit, and the spurious suppression of the bandpass filter is ≥50dB.
[0047] In some embodiments, the main control SDR module is also equipped with a 12MHz temperature-compensated crystal oscillator, the frequency stability of which is ≤±0.5ppm, to ensure the frequency accuracy of the radio frequency signal.
[0048] In some embodiments, a power supply and interface unit is also included, which includes a 14.8V lithium battery pack, an external 12V DC power supply interface, an RS422 serial port, and an Ethernet port, for powering, transmitting data, and remotely controlling each module unit.
[0049] In some embodiments, the linkage logic of the functional software includes the following steps:
[0050] Step 1: After the radio is powered on and initialized, it enters standby-communication mode. The antenna is connected to the radio's radio frequency unit by default. The reconnaissance radio frequency unit starts a spectrum scan every first preset time interval.
[0051] Step 2: After the reconnaissance radio frequency unit captures the unknown signal, it extracts the signal's frequency, modulation method, and hopping speed characteristics, and compares them with the pre-stored own signal feature database;
[0052] Step 3: If the signal is determined to be an enemy signal, the radio frequency unit of the communication radio switches to the backup frequency hopping channel within a second preset time, and the jamming radio frequency unit generates a matching jamming strategy according to the type of enemy signal.
[0053] Step 4: After the interference continues for the third preset time, the reconnaissance radio frequency unit scans the target frequency band again. If the enemy signal strength drops below the preset strength, the antenna switches back to the communication radio frequency unit and restores the original communication channel; if the target is not met, the interference power or interference pattern is adjusted and the interference is executed again.
[0054] In this embodiment, the hardware and software collaboration of the radio includes the following steps:
[0055] System initialization phase: After the radio is powered on, the ARM processor first completes hardware self-test and parameter loading, and then initializes the FPGA logic configuration. The antenna switch is on by default, activating the radio's RF unit, and the system enters standby-communication mode.
[0056] Spectrum monitoring and signal acquisition phase: The reconnaissance RF unit initiates a spectrum scan with a period of 10ms, each scan lasting 1ms (duty cycle 10%). During the scan, the received signal is sampled by the ADC and then sent to the FPGA for FFT spectrum analysis. When the detected signal power exceeds the -90dBm threshold, the signal feature extraction process is triggered.
[0057] Signal recognition and decision-making stage: The FPGA extracts the carrier frequency, modulation type (AM / FM / SSB / FSK), and frequency hopping pattern (if present) of the signal in real time. The extracted feature parameters are matched against the pre-stored feature library of the signal in Flash memory. The matching algorithm uses an improved correlation coefficient method, achieving an accuracy of ≥95%.
[0058] Interference strategy generation and execution phase: If the signal is identified as an enemy signal, the system performs the following linked operations within 1ms: the communication radio frequency unit switches to the preset backup frequency hopping channel; the antenna switch switches to the interference radio frequency unit; and a corresponding interference strategy is generated according to the type of enemy signal: for fixed frequency signals, same-frequency suppression interference is implemented (power is 20dB higher than that of the enemy); for frequency hopping signals, the FPGA predicts the frequency hopping sequence through the phase difference algorithm to achieve synchronous tracking interference (tracking error ≤ 1 hop).
[0059] Interference effect assessment and recovery phase: After 5 seconds of interference, the reconnaissance submodule rescans the target frequency band. If the enemy signal strength drops below -90dBm, the interference is deemed effective, the antenna switches back to the communication radio unit, and the original communication channel is restored; if the interference is ineffective, the system adjusts the interference power according to preset rules or uses another interference pattern before re-executing the interference.
[0060] In some embodiments, the first preset time is 10ms, the second preset time is 1ms, the third preset time is 5s, and the preset intensity is -90dBm; the scan duration of the spectrum scan is 1ms, and the duty cycle is 10%.
[0061] In some embodiments, in step 3, when the enemy signal is a fixed-frequency signal, the jamming radio frequency unit outputs suppression interference with the same frequency as the enemy signal but with 20dB higher power; when the enemy signal is a frequency-hopping signal, the FPGA logic unit tracks the enemy frequency-hopping sequence through a phase difference algorithm, with a tracking error ≤ 1 hop, and the jamming radio frequency unit synchronously outputs frequency-hopping interference.
[0062] The following is an example: A user carries a radio to perform a penetration mission. The radio operates by default in frequency hopping communication mode (friendly hopping rate 1000 hops / second). When the enemy's 10MHz fixed-frequency AM modulation signal appears, the reconnaissance module captures the signal within 0.5ms, and the FPGA completes feature identification within 2ms. The system automatically triggers jamming, the antenna switches to the jamming radio frequency, and outputs a 10MHz, 20W suppression signal, which suppresses the enemy signal. After 5 seconds, the reconnaissance module scans and confirms that the enemy signal has disappeared, the antenna switches back to the communication radio frequency, and friendly communication is restored (bit error rate 0.3%).
[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1. A shortwave radio integrating communication, detection, and jamming, characterized in that: It includes a main control SDR module, which is connected to the radio frequency front-end module, and the radio frequency front-end module is connected to the antenna switching unit; The main control SDR module includes a programmable system-on-a-chip (SoC) running various functional software for intelligent linkage of communication, reconnaissance, and jamming functions. The SoC integrates an FPGA logic unit and an ARM Cortex-A9 processor. The FPGA logic unit is used for real-time signal processing, and the ARM Cortex-A9 processor is used for system logic control, human-computer interaction, and data storage. The radio frequency front-end module includes a communication radio frequency unit, a reconnaissance radio frequency unit, and a jamming radio frequency unit. The communication radio frequency unit is used for communication using multiple communication modes, and its transmission power is continuously adjustable. The jamming radio frequency unit is used for fixed-frequency suppression jamming or frequency hopping tracking jamming, and its jamming power is continuously adjustable within a preset jamming power range. The antenna switching unit includes a whip antenna and an SP3T RF switch. The SP3T RF switch connects the communication radio RF unit, the reconnaissance RF unit, the jamming RF unit, and the whip antenna. The timing signal output by the FPGA logic unit controls the whip antenna to time-division multiplex between communication, reconnaissance, and jamming functions. The linkage logic of the aforementioned functional software includes the following steps: Step 1: After the radio is powered on and initialized, it enters standby-communication mode. The antenna is connected to the radio's radio frequency unit by default. The reconnaissance radio frequency unit starts a spectrum scan every first preset time interval. Step 2: After the reconnaissance radio frequency unit captures the unknown signal, it extracts the signal's frequency, modulation method, and hopping speed characteristics, and compares them with the pre-stored own signal feature database; Step 3: If the signal is determined to be an enemy signal, the radio frequency unit of the communication radio switches to the backup frequency hopping channel within a second preset time, and the jamming radio frequency unit generates a matching jamming strategy according to the type of enemy signal. Step 4: After the interference continues for the third preset time, the reconnaissance radio frequency unit scans the target frequency band again. If the enemy signal strength drops below the preset strength, the antenna switches back to the communication radio frequency unit and restores the original communication channel; if the target is not met, the interference power or interference pattern is adjusted and the interference is executed again.
2. The integrated short wave radio according to claim 1, characterized in that: The programmable system-on-chip uses the Xilinx Zynq-7010 SoC chip; the functional software includes communication software, reconnaissance software, and jamming software.
3. The integrated short wave radio of claim 1, wherein: The radio frequency unit of the communication radio operates in the frequency band of 1.5MHz to 30MHz, with a hopping rate of 1000 hops / second and a continuously adjustable transmission power in the range of 1W to 20W. The communication modes include SSB, FSK and frequency hopping communication modes. The reconnaissance radio frequency unit operates in a frequency band covering the entire range of 1.5MHz to 30MHz, with a receiving sensitivity of ≤-90dBm and a frequency resolution of 100Hz; the interference power is continuously adjustable within the range of 5W to 30W.
4. The integrated short-wave radio of claim 1, wherein: The whip antenna is 1.2m long; the switching time of the SP3T RF switch is ≤1ms.
5. The short-wave radio station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication radio frequency unit, the reconnaissance radio frequency unit, and the jamming radio frequency unit are provided with a metal isolation cavity to achieve electromagnetic compatibility, and the shielding effectiveness of the metal isolation cavity is ≥60dB; the output terminal of the jamming radio frequency unit is connected in series with a bandpass filter, and the spurious suppression of the bandpass filter is ≥50dB.
6. The integrated short-wave radio of claim 1, wherein: The main control SDR module is also equipped with a 12MHz temperature-compensated crystal oscillator, the frequency stability of which is ≤±0.5ppm, to ensure the frequency accuracy of the radio frequency signal.
7. The integrated short-wave radio of claim 1, wherein: It also includes a power supply and interface unit, which includes a 14.8V lithium battery pack, an external 12V DC power supply interface, an RS422 serial port and an Ethernet port, for powering, transmitting data and remotely controlling each module unit.
8. The integrated short-wave radio of claim 1, wherein: The first preset time is 10ms, the second preset time is 1ms, the third preset time is 5s, and the preset intensity is -90dBm; the scan duration of the spectrum scan is 1ms, and the duty cycle is 10%.
9. The integrated short-wave radio of claim 1, wherein: In step 3, when the enemy signal is a fixed-frequency signal, the jamming radio frequency unit outputs suppression interference with the same frequency as the enemy signal but with 20dB higher power; when the enemy signal is a frequency-hopping signal, the FPGA logic unit tracks the enemy frequency-hopping sequence through a phase difference algorithm, with a tracking error ≤ 1 hop, and the jamming radio frequency unit synchronously outputs frequency-hopping interference.