Close expansion hinge joint based on threaded pin shaft and plug nut
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TONGJI UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-21
Smart Images
Figure CN121897084A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction, and in particular to a tight-fitting hinge joint based on a threaded pin and a plug nut. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of building engineering, hinged joints are an important form of component connection and are widely used in planar trusses, various linkage mechanisms, and various axial load-bearing dampers.
[0003] In practical engineering applications, the most common type of planar hinge joint is the pin-type hinge joint. This type of joint achieves connection by inserting a cylindrical pin into bolt holes aligned at the ends of adjacent components. Pin-type hinge joints are simple in construction, easy to manufacture, and can effectively release the joint's rotation angle, thus they are widely used in practice.
[0004] To ensure smooth installation of the pin and allow for certain construction tolerances, the pin diameter is typically smaller than the bolt hole diameter, inevitably resulting in assembly gaps at the joint in its initial state. These gaps cause relative slippage between the pin and the hole wall during the initial stages of structural stress, creating a noticeable "slip plateau" in the stress-deformation relationship of the joint. This phenomenon leads to lower initial (translational) stiffness and discontinuous deformation transmission. In engineering scenarios requiring precise control of displacement response, this weakens the actual contribution of the component and reduces structural performance. Furthermore, the presence of assembly gaps causes wear and gap accumulation under repeated stress or dynamic loads, affecting not only the long-term service performance of the joint but also potentially causing noise and fatigue damage. This deficiency is particularly pronounced in scenarios such as viscous dampers and energy dissipation devices, where the continuity and stability of displacement transmission are critical.
[0005] To eliminate the assembly clearance between the pin and the hole wall, existing engineering projects often employ methods such as interference fit, welding, or high-precision machining. However, each of these methods has its own shortcomings: interference fit requires extremely high machining accuracy and installation conditions, making construction difficult and hindering node disassembly and maintenance; welding cannot achieve the hinged characteristics of the node, causing additional bending moments at the ends of the component, deviating from the structural design assumptions; while high-precision integral machining can reduce the clearance, it significantly increases manufacturing costs, making it difficult to promote large-scale application in engineering.
[0006] Therefore, the key performance requirements of the current pin-type planar hinge joint are as follows: First, effectively eliminate assembly gaps and avoid the slippage platform segment in the force-deformation relationship; Second, while fully constraining the relative linear displacement of the connected component ends (zero assembly gap), achieve complete release of the rotational degree of freedom of the component ends; Third, be easy to process, cost-controllable, and have good construction and disassembly performance; Fourth, have a simple structure and compact shape, do not significantly increase the size of the joint, and are easy to promote and apply in existing engineering systems. Summary of the Invention
[0007] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the assembly gap of the traditional pin-type hinge node is difficult to avoid, and the deformation and internal force transmission are not continuous.
[0008] The above-mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: This invention proposes a tight-fitting expansion hinge joint based on a threaded pin and a plug nut, which includes an expansion sleeve assembly. The expansion sleeve assembly is used to sleeve the outer wall of the connector body. When the connector body is inserted into the inner wall of the hole, the expansion sleeve assembly can fill the gap between the connector body and the inner wall of the hole. The expansion sleeve assembly includes a first expansion sleeve body and a second expansion sleeve body that mates with the first expansion sleeve body. Under the action of external force, the second expansion sleeve body can change its mating thickness with the first expansion sleeve body. When the mating thickness between the first expansion sleeve body and the second expansion sleeve body increases, an interference fit can be formed between the connector body and the inner wall of the hole.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the tight-fitting expansion hinge node based on a threaded pin and a plug nut described in this invention: the first expansion sleeve body is provided with an opening, the first expansion sleeve body includes a first body and a first variable body disposed on the first body body, and the side of the first variable body is a first variable surface.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the tight-fitting expansion hinge node based on a threaded pin and a plug nut according to the present invention: the second expansion sleeve includes a second body and a second variable body disposed on the second body, wherein the side of the second variable body is a second variable surface.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the tight-fitting expansion hinge node based on a threaded pin and a plug nut according to the present invention: it further includes a plug nut, which is used to push against the second expansion sleeve, thereby increasing the thickness of the second expansion sleeve and the first expansion sleeve; the plug nut includes a nut body and a pushing body disposed on the end face of the nut body.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the tight-fitting expansion hinge node based on a threaded pin and a plug nut according to the present invention: the inner wall of the nut body is provided with threads; when the pushing body pushes the second expansion sleeve body and the first expansion sleeve body to increase the mating thickness, the second changing surface moves along the first changing surface, so that the first changing body and the second changing body together form a tight fit; the tight fit enables the connecting body to form an interference fit with the inner wall of the hole where it is located.
[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the tight-fitting expansion hinge node based on a threaded pin and a plug nut according to the present invention: when the pushing body pushes the second expansion sleeve body and the first expansion sleeve body to increase the mating thickness, the first changing surface and the second changing surface are in line contact.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the tight-fitting expansion hinge node based on a threaded pin and a plug nut according to the present invention: when the pushing body pushes the second expansion sleeve body and the first expansion sleeve body to increase the mating thickness, the first changing surface and the second changing surface are in surface contact.
[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the tight-fitting hinge node based on a threaded pin and a plug nut described in this invention: the first changing surface and the second changing surface are mirror images of each other.
[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the tight-fitting hinge node based on a threaded pin and a plug nut described in this invention: the first changing surface and the second changing surface are mirror images of each other.
[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the tight-fitting hinge node based on a threaded pin and a plug nut described in this invention: the first changing surface is an inclined surface, and the second changing surface is an arc-shaped surface.
[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: our invention can achieve simple assembly by placing the expansion sleeve assembly into the gap between the connector and the inner wall of the hole, achieve interference fit during the tightening of the plug nut, and achieve a tight connection between the connector and the hinge node through the expansion sleeve assembly, thereby improving the continuity of force transmission at the node.
[0019] The overall structure is simple to assemble and easy to disassemble, and can be reused after disassembly. Attached Figure Description
[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Wherein: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the usage state of the tight-fitting hinge joint based on the threaded pin and the plug nut is shown; Figure 2 An exploded view of the hinge joint based on a threaded pin and a plug nut is shown. Figure 3 The diagram shows the change in the fit state of the expansion sleeve assembly based on the tight-fitting hinge joint of the threaded pin and the plug nut; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the fit of the expansion sleeve assembly based on the tight-fitting expansion hinge node using a threaded pin and a plug nut is shown. Figure 5 This shows a cross-section of the expansion sleeve assembly in the mating state based on a threaded pin and a plug nut, forming a tight-fitting expansion hinge joint. Figure 1 ; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the expansion sleeve assembly structure based on a threaded pin and a plug nut for a tight-fitting expansion hinge joint is shown. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 This shows a cross-section of the expansion sleeve assembly in the mating state based on a threaded pin and a plug nut, forming a tight-fitting expansion hinge joint. Figure 2 ; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the expansion sleeve assembly structure based on a threaded pin and a plug nut for a tight-fitting expansion hinge joint is shown. Figure 2 ; Figure 9 This shows a cross-section of the expansion sleeve assembly in the mating state based on a threaded pin and a plug nut, forming a tight-fitting expansion hinge joint. Figure 3 .
[0021] In the figure: 1. Expansion sleeve assembly; 11. First expansion sleeve body; 111. First body; 112. First variable body; 113. First variable surface; 114. Opening; 12. Second expansion sleeve body; 121. Second body; 122. Second variable body; 123. Second variable surface; 13. Sealing body; 2. Connecting body; 3. Plug nut; 31. Nut body; 32. Pushing body; X. Hinge node. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
[0023] The terminology used in this invention is that which is currently widely used in the art in consideration of the function of the invention; however, these terms may vary according to the intent of those skilled in the art, precedent, or new technology in the art. Furthermore, specific terms may be chosen by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the invention. Therefore, the terms used in this specification should not be construed as simple names, but rather based on their meanings and the overall description of the invention.
[0024] Reference Figures 1-3 This embodiment provides a tight-fitting expansion hinge node X based on a threaded pin and a plug nut, including an expansion sleeve assembly 1. The expansion sleeve assembly 1 is used to sleeve onto the outer wall of the connector 2. When the connector 2 is inserted into the inner wall of the hole, the expansion sleeve assembly 1 can fill the gap between the connector 2 and the inner wall of the hole. The expansion sleeve assembly 1 includes a first expansion sleeve body 11 and a second expansion sleeve body 12 that cooperates with the first expansion sleeve body 11. The diameters of the first expansion sleeve body 11 and the second expansion sleeve body 12 can be the same, or the diameter of the second expansion sleeve body 12 can be slightly smaller than the diameter of the first expansion sleeve body 11. It should be noted that the connector 2 can be a pin with external threads at both ends, or a pin with external threads at one end. In this embodiment, the connector 2 is described in detail as a pin with external threads at both ends.
[0025] It also includes a plug nut 3, which is used to push against the second expansion sleeve 12, thereby increasing the thickness of the second expansion sleeve 12 compared to the first expansion sleeve 11. The plug nut 3 includes a nut body 31 and a pushing body 32 disposed on the end face of the nut body 31. The pushing body 32 and the nut body 31 are integrally formed. The inner wall of the nut body 31 is provided with internal threads. The pushing body 32 can be annular or a ring with a slit, as long as it can achieve the purpose of pushing against the second expansion sleeve 12. It should be noted that... Figure 3 The left and right arrows in the text indicate the pushing direction of the plug nut 3, and the downward arrow indicates the change in fit between the expansion sleeve assembly 1 in its initial state and after being pushed by the plug nut 3.
[0026] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 The first expansion sleeve 11 is provided with an opening 114. The first expansion sleeve 11 includes a first body 111 and a first variable body 112 disposed on the first body 111. The side of the first variable body 112 is a first variable surface 113. The first body 111 and the first variable body 112 are integrally formed.
[0027] Furthermore, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 The second expansion sleeve 12 can be selected to have an opening 114 or not, depending on the actual usage scenario. The second expansion sleeve 12 includes a second body 121 and a second variable body 122 disposed on the second body 121, and the side of the second variable body 122 is a second variable surface 123. The second body 121 and the second variable body 122 are integrally formed.
[0028] It should be noted that, referring to Figures 3-9Both the first expansion sleeve 11 and the second expansion sleeve 12 are annular. The opening 114 in the first expansion sleeve 11 serves to accommodate the deformation of the first expansion sleeve 11 when the second expansion sleeve 12 enters the inner wall of the first expansion sleeve 11 through the plug nut 3, thus adapting to the change in the mating thickness of the first expansion sleeve 11 and the second expansion sleeve 12. The reason why the first expansion sleeve 11 and the second expansion sleeve 12 can produce a change in mating thickness is that both the first deformation body 112 and the second deformation body 122 have thickness changes in the radial direction. Furthermore, when the mating thickness of the first expansion sleeve 11 and the second expansion sleeve 12 increases, the first deformation surface 113 and the second deformation surface 123 are in line contact or surface contact.
[0029] Furthermore, refer to Figure 4 The thickness of the first variable body 112 increases from bottom to top in the radial direction, thus the first variable surface 113 is a smooth inclined surface; the thickness of the second variable body 122 decreases from bottom to top in the radial direction, thus the second variable surface 123 is a smooth inclined surface.
[0030] In use, first, insert the pin into the inner wall of the hole at hinge node X. At this time, there is a gap between the pin and the inner wall of the hole. Then, insert the first expansion sleeve 11 along the end of the pin into the gap in the inner wall of the hole. Then, insert the second expansion sleeve 12 along the end of the pin into the gap in the inner wall of the hole. Repeat this alternating operation until the expansion sleeve assembly 1 fills the gap and does not protrude from the inner wall of the hole. Next, insert the pusher 32 of the plug nut 3 into the gap. During the insertion of the pusher 32 into the gap, it can push the second expansion sleeve 12 into the inner wall of the first expansion sleeve 11. When the first expansion sleeve 11 is in the inner wall, the second change surface 123 moves along the first change surface 113, which increases the thickness of the sealing body 13 formed by the first change body 112 and the second change body 122. At this time, the first change surface 113 and the second change surface 123 are in surface contact, which further causes the first expansion sleeve 11 to deform and the opening 114 to become larger. The increased thickness of the sealing body 13 causes the connecting body 2 to form an interference fit with the inner wall of the hole where it is located, thereby solving the technical problems of unavoidable assembly gap, deformation and discontinuous internal force transmission in the prior art of the pin-type hinge node X.
[0031] It should be noted that, during use, the surfaces of the first expansion sleeve 11 and the second expansion sleeve 12 need to be smoothed in advance, such as by applying lubricant to the surface, so that after the connecting body 2 and the inner wall of the hole form an interference fit, the hinge node X can still rotate.
[0032] Compared to existing technologies that use interference fits, welding, or high-precision machining to address the assembly gap of the pin-type hinge node X, our invention achieves simple assembly. The interference fit is achieved during the tightening of the plug nut 3, simplifying assembly and facilitating disassembly. The assembly is also easy to reuse after disassembly. The expansion sleeve assembly 1 ensures a tight connection between the connecting body 2 and the hinge node X, improving the continuity of force transmission at the node.
[0033] As an optional embodiment, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The radial cross-sectional shape of the first variable body 112 is approximately "Ω" shaped, and the radial cross-sectional shape of the second variable body 122 is a mirror image of the radial cross-sectional shape of the first variable body 112. At this time, the first variable surface 113 and the second variable surface 123 are mirror-image arc surfaces. When the second expansion sleeve 12 is inserted into the inner wall of the first expansion sleeve 11, the second variable surface 123 moves along the first variable surface 113, so that when the thickness of the sealed body 13 formed by the first variable body 112 and the second variable body 122 is at its maximum, the first variable surface 113 and the second variable surface 123 are in line contact.
[0034] The other structures are the same as in the previous embodiment.
[0035] As an optional embodiment, refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 The first variable body 112 has a trapezoidal radial cross-sectional shape, and the second variable body 122 has a mirror-image radial cross-sectional shape. When the second expansion sleeve 12 is inserted into the inner wall of the first expansion sleeve 11, the second variable surface 123 moves along the first variable surface 113, such that when the thickness of the sealed body 13 formed by the first variable body 112 and the second variable body 122 is at its maximum, the first variable surface 113 and the second variable surface 123 are in surface contact.
[0036] The other structures are the same as in the previous embodiment.
[0037] As an optional embodiment, the radial cross-sectional shape of the first variable body 112 is trapezoidal, and the radial cross-sectional shape of the second variable body 122 is approximately "Ω" shaped. In this case, the first variable surface 113 is an inclined surface, and the second variable surface 123 is an arc-shaped surface. When the second expansion sleeve 12 is inserted into the inner wall of the first expansion sleeve 11, the second variable surface 123 moves along the first variable surface 113, so that when the thickness of the sealed body 13 formed by the first variable body 112 and the second variable body 122 is at its maximum, the first variable surface 113 and the second variable surface 123 are in line contact.
[0038] The other structures are the same as in the previous embodiment.
[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways as long as they do not depart from the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A tight-fitting expansion hinge joint based on a threaded pin and a plug nut, characterized in that: include, An expansion sleeve assembly (1) is used to fit onto the outer wall of a connector (2). When the connector (2) is inserted into the inner wall of a hole, the expansion sleeve assembly (1) can fill the gap between the connector (2) and the inner wall of the hole. The expansion sleeve assembly (1) includes a first expansion sleeve body (11) and a second expansion sleeve body (12) that cooperates with the first expansion sleeve body (11). The second expansion sleeve (12) can change its fit thickness with the first expansion sleeve (11) under the action of external force. When the fit thickness between the first expansion sleeve (11) and the second expansion sleeve (12) increases, the connecting body (2) can form an interference fit with the inner wall of the hole where it is located.
2. The tight-fitting expansion hinge joint based on a threaded pin and a plug nut according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first expansion sleeve (11) is provided with an opening (114). The first expansion sleeve (11) includes a first body (111) and a first variable body (112) disposed on the first body (111). The side of the first variable body (112) is a first variable surface (113).
3. The tight-fitting expansion hinge joint based on a threaded pin and a plug nut according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second expansion sleeve (12) includes a second body (121) and a second variant (122) disposed on the second body (121), the side of the second variant (122) being a second variant surface (123).
4. The tight-fitting expansion hinge joint based on a threaded pin and a plug nut according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a plug nut (3), which is used to push against the second expansion sleeve (12), so that the thickness of the second expansion sleeve (12) and the first expansion sleeve (11) increases; The plug nut (3) includes a nut body (31) and a pusher (32) disposed on the end face of the nut body (31).
5. The tight-fitting expansion hinge joint based on a threaded pin and a plug nut according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the nut body (31) is provided with threads. When the pusher (32) pushes the second expansion sleeve (12) and the first expansion sleeve (11) to increase the fit thickness, the second change surface (123) moves along the first change surface (113) so that the first change body (112) and the second change body (122) together form a tight fit body (13). The sealing body (13) enables the connector (2) to form an interference fit with the inner wall of the hole it is located.
6. The tight-fitting expansion hinge joint based on a threaded pin and a plug nut according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the pusher (32) pushes the second expansion sleeve (12) and the first expansion sleeve (11) to increase the mating thickness, the first changing surface (113) and the second changing surface (123) are in line contact.
7. The tight-fitting expansion hinge joint based on a threaded pin and a plug nut according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the pusher (32) pushes the second expansion sleeve (12) and the first expansion sleeve (11) to increase the mating thickness, the first changing surface (113) and the second changing surface (123) are in surface contact.
8. The tight-fitting expansion hinge joint based on a threaded pin and a plug nut according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first changing surface (113) and the second changing surface (123) are mirror images of each other.
9. The tight-fitting expansion hinge joint based on a threaded pin and a plug nut according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first change surface (113) and the second change surface (123) are mirror images of each other.
10. The tight-fitting expansion hinge joint based on a threaded pin and a plug nut according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first changing surface (113) is an inclined surface, and the second changing surface (123) is an arc surface.