Intelligent greening system based on 3D printing high steep rock slope planting hole

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high steep rock slope planting hole intelligent green system based on 3D printing, comprising: drilling device, the drilling device includes moving assembly, support arm, injection assembly and drilling assembly;Planting hole device, the planting hole device includes shock attenuation slow-release layer;Water blocking partition, protective shell, temperature difference self-pumping condensation layer, root microbial module, hydrophobic module and water-retaining layer;Filler device, filler device includes, storage unit, controller, material filling head, signal receiver, pressure sensor, booster device and fixed shaft steering device.The application reduces the workload and cost of artificial maintenance, helps to reduce plant maintenance cost, improves the economic benefit of green engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent greening technology, and in particular to an intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, common methods for greening rock slopes include planting bags, hydroseeding, vegetation mats, and planting holes. Among these, planting bags, by filling them with nutrient-rich soil and anchoring them to the slope, offer flexibility to adapt to complex terrain and are suitable for slopes up to 45 km high. o ~90 o Steep slopes are common. However, under heavy rain conditions, the seed bags are prone to slippage, local water accumulation may lead to root rot, and anchor drilling may damage the rock structure, posing a risk of secondary geological disasters. In hydroseeding technology, water is used as the carrier and solvent, and sowing, fertilization, and covering can be completed in one operation, greatly shortening the vegetation establishment process and saving a lot of manpower and financial resources, making it particularly suitable for large-scale construction. However, when facing slopes with a gradient of over 100 meters, vehicle-mounted hydroseeding machines require a guide pipe, and the spraying distance is somewhat limited. In general, hydroseeding technology performs well in most cases and is suitable for a variety of complex greening projects, but it has certain limitations in high slopes and special material treatments. In vegetation mat greening technology, vegetation mats usually contain grass seeds or seed mixtures, which can germinate and grow rapidly under suitable conditions, forming a dense vegetation layer. The growth of vegetation can further stabilize the soil, prevent soil erosion, and improve the ecological environment of the slope. However, vegetation mats need to be fixed to the slope with U-shaped nails to ensure full contact with the ground and retain moisture. The steeper the slope, the longer the nails need to be, which places higher demands on construction. In planting hole greening technology, many planting holes of a certain size, depth, and direction are drilled into the slope using an electric drill. Native plants that are tolerant of poor soil, drought, cold, and heat, as well as excellent introduced plants, are planted in these holes, allowing the slope to quickly recover and achieve vegetation restoration. Planting hole greening is suitable for various geological conditions, especially on steep rock slopes where other greening methods are difficult to implement. However, drilling or excavating planting holes on steep rock slopes is more difficult and requires specialized equipment and technicians. In ecological protection projects using planting holes on slopes, vibrations at the base of the slope (such as vehicle traffic or earthquakes) often cause damage and cracking of the planting hole structure, thus affecting the overall stability of the slope. Simultaneously, on steep slopes under heavy rainfall conditions, runoff carrying soil from the holes down the slope surface often causes erosion or siltation at the base of the slope, impacting the overall greening effect and the lifespan of the installation. Therefore, developing an intelligent slope greening system that incorporates vibration reduction and isolation, is cost-effective, easy to construct, environmentally friendly, and adaptable to various complex environments is of paramount importance.

[0003] A search revealed an invention patent with application number 200810081491.1, which provides a planting hole and a method for greening rocky slopes and damaged mountain slopes using the planting hole. This method employs blasting technology to create a favorable growing environment for plants. An auxiliary planting hole is drilled on one side of the main planting hole, and its bottom is connected to the main planting hole. A small amount of blasting can be performed between the bottom of the auxiliary hole and the main planting hole, creating gaps in the rock around the blasting hole. This ensures unobstructed root respiration and facilitates the seepage of excess water from the rock, achieving both aeration and water permeability, thus ensuring plant growth. While this patent can achieve the goal of planting vegetation on steep rocky slopes, the drilling of the planting hole requires blasting technology. This technology places high demands on the construction personnel and can easily cause secondary damage to the main slope during blasting, thus limiting the widespread adoption of this method.

[0004] Patent application number 202211317549.4 discloses a drilling device for planting holes on steep slopes. This device includes a movable frame, a support frame, a top plate, a pressing mechanism, a rotating shaft, a limiting mechanism, and a slide rail. The device uses a rotating shaft on the support frame to rotatably mount it onto the movable frame, allowing the drilling assembly to be vertical under gravity. After adjusting the drilling assembly to a specified angle, the position of the guide seat is limited by a sliding positioning component, thus limiting the movement direction of the support frame. A hinged seat keeps the pressing mechanism vertical, and then the direction of the pressing mechanism is aligned with the direction of the drilling assembly, allowing the drilling assembly to drill planting holes on the slope in a direction different from the vertical direction of the slope. While this patent can achieve rapid drilling on steep rock slopes, the drilling process requires manual adjustment of the support frame angle and fixing of the limiting mechanism. Frequent adjustments are necessary on complex slopes, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Furthermore, the limited penetration capability of the auger shaft in hard rock or complex geological conditions may lead to low drilling efficiency or equipment damage. The device's technical defects, such as insufficient stability, poor adaptability to complex terrain, and potential operational safety hazards, exposed during construction, have restricted its large-scale application.

[0005] Patent application number 202410186078.0 discloses a substrate backfilling device for steep rock slopes. This device includes a feeding end, a telescopic hose, a backfilling end, a counterweight, a connecting pipe, and a ball valve. The device requires division of labor for substrate backfilling: substrate feeding and substrate backfilling. Operators at the feeding end only need to feed the substrate into the telescopic hose, while operators at the backfilling end only need to feed the substrate into the planting holes. Operators quickly feed the substrate into the planting holes through the backfilling end, resulting in high efficiency and convenience. While this patent can achieve rapid filling of nutrient soil on steep rock slopes, the counterweight relies on an anti-slip rubber layer for fixation. If the slope top is soft or uneven, the device may shift or tip over, and its weight makes handling difficult. The device requires additional manpower to clear or replace the hose, increasing operational risks and time costs. These limitations hinder mass production and widespread application.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this invention provides an intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides an intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing, comprising: A drilling device, comprising a moving component, a support arm, a spraying component, and a drilling component, wherein the support arm is mounted on the moving component, the spraying component is connected to the end of the support arm, and the drilling component is mounted on the bottom of the spraying component, the drilling device being used to drill planting holes on a slope and inject slope reinforcement material into the planting holes; A planting hole device includes a shock-absorbing and slow-release layer; a water-blocking barrier; a protective shell; a temperature difference self-absorbing condensation layer; a root microbial module; a hydrophobic module; and a water-retaining layer. The outer wall of the protective shell is provided with a spiral reinforcement device, and the protective shell is fixed in the planting hole by the spiral reinforcement. A variable spectrum LED light is provided inside the top of the protective shell. The water-retaining layer is arranged inside the protective shell. The hydrophobic module is arranged at the bottom of the protective shell and between the water-retaining layer and the protective shell. An information collection module is provided inside the protective shell. The filling device includes a material storage unit, a controller, a material filling head, a signal receiver, a pressure sensor, a pressurizing device, and a fixed-axis steering device. The pressure sensor monitors the system pressure and transmits real-time data to the controller. Based on preset parameters and the received data, the controller controls the pressurizing device to provide conveying power and drives the fixed-axis steering device to adjust the orientation of the material filling head. Finally, under the precise control of the controller, the material filling head injects the plant substrate into the area enclosed by the water-retaining layer.

[0009] According to the intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing provided by the present invention, a water-blocking barrier is arranged on the outer surface of the planting hole device, wherein the water-blocking barrier isolates rainwater falling from a height to the surrounding slope through a stepped arm planetary gear frame.

[0010] According to the intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing provided by the present invention, the shock-absorbing and mitigating layer is arranged on the surface of the planting hole device and adopts a sawtooth geometric topology structure. It extends the transmission path of impact force and disperses impact energy through multi-level bends. Based on the geometric stability of the triangular configuration, the horizontal impact force is decomposed into multi-directional components, and the kinetic energy is converted into heat energy dissipation through frictional damping between structural components. The sawtooth structure is formed by 3D printing of recycled rubber particles composite bio-based polyurethane. The rubber particles have a particle size of 0.2-2mm and a volume ratio of 25-35%. A directional rubber enrichment zone is formed at the bend of the sawtooth.

[0011] According to the intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing provided by the present invention, a depth monitoring module is installed on the support arm.

[0012] The depth monitoring module includes an acoustic reflection sensor, which is used to monitor the depth of the implantation hole.

[0013] According to the intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing provided by the present invention, the information collection module includes a stem flow sensor, a soil information sensor, and a pressure sensor; the stem flow sensor, the soil information sensor, and the pressure sensor are all arranged inside the protective shell.

[0014] According to the intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing provided by the present invention, the root microbial module includes a multifunctional adsorption block, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and the root microbial module is arranged in the inner cavity of the planting hole device.

[0015] According to the intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing provided by the present invention, the material storage unit includes a material collection box, a fixed support, a conveying pipe and a negative pressure device. The negative pressure device is installed on the angle-adjusting support, the material collection box and the negative pressure device are connected through the conveying pipe, and the material filling head is installed at the output end of the negative pressure device.

[0016] According to the intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rocky slopes based on 3D printing provided by the present invention, the temperature difference self-drawing condensation layer includes condensation plates and a hydrophilic-hydrophobic gradient membrane. The surface temperature of the condensation plates drops below the dew point at night, causing water vapor in the air to condense into droplets. The hydrophilic-hydrophobic gradient membrane guides the water droplets to gather in the hydrophilic zone of the roots, ensuring sufficient water supply inside the device.

[0017] According to the intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing provided by the present invention, the hydrophobic module includes a first capillary group and a second capillary group. The first capillary group is arranged at the bottom inside the protective shell, and the water-retaining layer is arranged at the top of the first capillary group. The second capillary group is arranged between the protective shell and the water-retaining layer, and the first capillary group and the second capillary group are connected for transporting surface water to deeper layers. A filter layer is provided at the top of the first capillary group.

[0018] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: 1) The damping and mitigation layer adopts a sawtooth geometric structure, which extends the transmission path of impact force and disperses its energy through multi-stage bending; at the same time, relying on the inherent geometric stability of the triangular configuration, the horizontal impact force is decomposed into oblique and vertical components, and the mechanical energy and kinetic energy are converted into heat energy for dissipation through friction between components. This design effectively suppresses the propagation of cracks in the planting holes caused by vibration, thereby enhancing the stability of the slope.

[0019] 2) The water-blocking barrier utilizes a stepped-arm planetary gear frame structure to guide the high-speed water-soil mixture flowing down the slope to the surrounding areas. Through steering and deceleration, it disperses the runoff, effectively preventing contact between the runoff and the planting hole device, thus avoiding deterioration due to prolonged immersion. Simultaneously, for small amounts of rainwater falling directly into the holes, the built-in drainage module promptly removes them, maintaining the dynamic balance of soil moisture within the holes. This design significantly reduces the direct scouring of the planting hole openings and structural gaps by high-speed runoff, effectively preventing the loss of planting soil and nutrients, erosion, and slope bottom sedimentation. This suppresses the risk of slope instability induced by localized erosion and soil loss, significantly improving the long-term service stability of the planting hole device in complex slope environments.

[0020] 3) The root microbial module utilizes nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to convert atmospheric nitrogen and insoluble phosphorus in the soil into nitrogen and water-soluble phosphorus that plants can directly absorb. Simultaneously, variable-spectrum LED lights provide suitable light spectrum and intensity based on the light requirements of plants at different growth stages to optimize the growth environment and promote plant growth and development. Furthermore, the module's multifunctional adsorption block can store excess nutrients and release them when soil nutrients are insufficient, thereby maintaining long-term stability of fertility within the device.

[0021] 4) The temperature difference self-absorbing condensation layer uses condensation plates to condense water vapor in the air into droplets, which are then guided to the hydrophilic zone of the roots by a hydrophilic-hydrophobic gradient membrane. Excess condensate is preferentially stored in the water-retaining layer. The device's built-in information collection module can monitor environmental parameters (such as soil moisture, temperature, and light intensity) in the planting holes in real time, providing accurate data support for the control system. This enables on-demand water supply during drought periods, effectively enhancing the plant's drought resistance, reducing the frequency and cost of artificial irrigation, and improving the greening effect and plant growth efficiency. When the water exceeds the capacity of the water-retaining layer, it is discharged to the slope surface through capillary drainage pipes, thereby achieving long-term self-sufficiency of water within the device and maintaining a long-term dynamic balance of water within the system. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall layout structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the implantation hole device of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view of AA; Figure 4 for Figure 2 BB section view; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a water-blocking barrier. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a stepped-arm planetary gear carrier structure; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the damping and mitigation layer; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the self-draining condensate layer due to temperature difference. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling assembly structure of the integrated intelligent drilling machine of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the spray assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent filling device of the present invention.

[0024] The components include: 1. Variable spectrum LED light; 2. Threaded reinforcement device; 3. Stem flow sensor; 4. Soil information sensor; 5. Filter layer; 6. Planting hole device; 7. Controller; 8. Wired cable; 9. Drilling assembly; 10. Spraying assembly; 11. Delivery pipe; 12. Material filling head; 13. Fixing bracket; 14. Signal receiver; 15. Collection box; 16. Pressure sensor; 17. Capillary drain pipe; 18. Nutrients; 19. Water retention layer; 20. Protective shell; 21. Acoustic wave reflection sensor; 22. Negative pressure device; 23. Pressurization device; 24. Fixed axis steering device; 25. Shock-absorbing and slow-release layer; 26. Water-blocking barrier; 27. Root microbial module; 28. Condensation plate; 29. ​​Hydrophilic-hydrophobic gradient membrane. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Reference Figures 1-11 This invention provides an intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing, comprising: The drilling device includes a moving component, a support arm, a spraying component 10, and a drilling component 9. The support arm is mounted on the moving component, the spraying component 10 is connected to the end of the support arm, and the drilling component 9 is installed at the bottom of the spraying component 10. The drilling device is used to drill planting holes on the slope and inject slope reinforcement material into the planting holes. The slope reinforcement material mainly consists of lime, gypsum, silica fume, admixtures, aggregates, glutinous rice flour, and carbon fiber. Lime, gypsum, and silica fume are used as mineral admixtures, with lime accounting for 15.4%, gypsum for 69.2%, and silica fume for 15.4% of the total. The weight ratio of admixtures to mineral admixtures is 0.92%; the weight ratio of aggregates to mineral admixtures is 50%; the weight ratio of glutinous rice flour to mineral admixtures is 41.5%; and the weight ratio of carbon fiber to mineral admixtures is 0.5%.

[0028] The planting hole device 6 includes a shock-absorbing and slow-release layer 25; a water-blocking barrier 26; a protective shell 20; a temperature difference self-absorbing condensation layer 30; a root microbial module 27; a hydrophobic module; and a water-retaining layer 19. The outer wall of the protective shell is provided with a spiral reinforcement device 2. The protective shell is fixed in the planting hole by the spiral reinforcement belt 2. A variable spectrum LED light 1 is provided inside the top of the protective shell. The water-retaining layer 19 is arranged inside the protective shell. The hydrophobic module is arranged at the bottom of the protective shell and between the water-retaining layer 19 and the protective shell. An information collection module is provided inside the protective shell. The protective shell is 3D printed from recycled PET composite straw fibers through topology optimization, with the straw fibers microfibrilated to a diameter of ≤20. μm It accounts for 20-25% of the volume, has a minimum shell wall thickness of 1.2mm, and has a built-in information collection module; The filling device includes a storage unit, a controller 7, a material filling head 12, a signal receiver 14, a pressure sensor 16, a pressurizing device 23, and a fixed-axis steering device 24. The pressure sensor 16 monitors the system pressure and transmits the real-time data to the controller 7. The controller 7 controls the pressurizing device 23 to provide conveying power according to preset parameters and the received data, and drives the fixed-axis steering device 24 to adjust the orientation of the material filling head 12. Finally, under the precise control of the controller 7, the material filling head 12 injects the plant substrate into the area enclosed by the water-retaining layer 19.

[0029] In a further optimized design, the water-blocking barrier 26 is arranged on the outer surface of the planting hole device, wherein the water-blocking barrier isolates rainwater falling from the height to the surrounding slope through a stepped arm planetary gear frame.

[0030] The water-blocking interruptor includes a stepped-arm planetary gear carrier, a rotating shaft, and a rotor. This water-blocking interruptor utilizes the stepped-arm planetary gear carrier and other transmission components to drive the water-blocking mechanism, thereby achieving the function of blocking water flow from higher locations. The structural design of the stepped-arm planetary gear carrier follows a specific formula, as shown in (1): (1) In the formula, u For velocity field; v Dynamic viscosity; f It is a volume force; τ 0 For stress tensor; k Kinetic energy; S For the velocity gradient tensor; P k This is the term for kinetic energy production; ε This is the kinetic energy dissipation term; Y This refers to the kinetic energy loss caused by shearing at the gear.

[0031] When the soil-water mixture from the slope runoff exerts a dynamic impact on the water-blocking barrier, the impact force or the control signal triggered by it drives the transmission system containing a stepped-arm planetary gear carrier, which in turn drives the discharge mechanism to discharge the soil-water mixture along a preset path. The discharge rate and process are determined by the control mode of the transmission system, which satisfies equation (2).

[0032] (2) In the formula, u i for i Flow velocity component in the direction; u j for j The velocity component in the direction; F i for i Volume force components in the direction; p Pressure; ρ For fluid density; x i To solve for the point at i Coordinate values ​​in the direction; u The coefficient of friction between the gas and the fan material; ∇ For gradient operators; t It is a time variable.

[0033] Further optimization of the scheme involves placing the shock-absorbing and mitigating layer 25 on the surface of the implantation hole device. It adopts a sawtooth geometric topology structure, which extends the transmission path of the impact force and disperses the impact energy through multi-stage folding. Based on the geometric stability of the triangular configuration, the horizontal impact force is decomposed into multi-directional components, and the kinetic energy is converted into heat energy dissipation through frictional damping between structural components. The sawtooth structure is formed by 3D printing of recycled rubber particles combined with bio-based polyurethane. The rubber particles have a particle size of 0.2-2mm and a volume ratio of 25-35%, and directional rubber enrichment zones are formed at the bends of the sawtooth.

[0034] The shock-absorbing and mitigating layer includes an elastic medium, a skin, and a buffer skeleton. This shock-absorbing and mitigating layer relies on the inherent geometric stability of the triangular configuration and adopts a sawtooth geometric structure. It extends the transmission path of the impact force and disperses its energy through multi-stage bending. The sawtooth geometric structure satisfies equation (3).

[0035] (3) In the formula, t For thickness; h For height; l For length; θ From the current perspective; θ 0 This is the initial angle.

[0036] When the damping and mitigation layer is subjected to dynamic impact loads from the slope, the device first decomposes the predominantly horizontal impact force into oblique and vertical components through its specific multi-stage decomposition structure. Subsequently, the impact energy is dissipated through the following synergistic mechanisms: 1) the transmission path of the impact load in the multi-stage decomposition structure is significantly prolonged, increasing the energy dissipation time; 2) the sliding friction between the contact surfaces of the components continuously converts kinetic energy into heat energy. After the impact, the elastic elements built into the device (or the elasticity of the structure itself) drive the core buffer structure to restore its initial configuration, preparing for subsequent impacts. The specific damping principle satisfies the following equation.

[0037] In the formula, μ It is the equivalent friction coefficient; L f The effective impact path length; δ max This is the maximum allowable displacement; β Let be the structural damping coefficient; n The number of levels in the unfolded structure; θ The tilt angle of the unfolded unit; γ The system attenuation factor; η Energy efficiency; ti This refers to the effective energy consumption time.

[0038] The design has been further optimized, with a depth monitoring module installed on the support arm; The depth monitoring module includes an acoustic reflection sensor 21, which is used to monitor the depth of the implantation hole.

[0039] The scheme was further optimized. The information collection module includes stem flow sensor 3, soil information sensor 4, and pressure sensor 16. The stem flow sensor 3, soil information sensor 4, and pressure sensor 16 are all arranged inside the protective shell 20.

[0040] The root microbial module 27 is further optimized by including a multifunctional adsorption block, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The root microbial module 27 is arranged in the inner cavity of the planting hole device 6.

[0041] The scheme is further optimized. The storage unit includes a collection box 15, a fixed bracket 13, a conveying pipe 11 and a negative pressure device 22. The negative pressure device 22 is installed on the angle-adjustable bracket. The collection box 15 and the negative pressure device 22 are connected through the conveying pipe 11. The material filling head 12 is installed at the output end of the negative pressure device 22.

[0042] The scheme is further optimized. The temperature difference self-drawing condensation layer 30 includes a condenser plate 28 and a hydrophilic gradient membrane 29. The surface temperature of the condenser plate 28 drops below the dew point at night, causing water vapor in the air to condense into droplets. The hydrophilic gradient membrane 29 guides the water droplets to gather in the hydrophilic area at the root, ensuring sufficient water supply inside the device.

[0043] Excess condensate is preferentially stored in the water-retaining layer for use by vegetation during drought periods; when the water content exceeds the capacity of the water-retaining layer, it is discharged to the slope surface through capillary drainage pipes, thereby achieving long-term self-sufficiency of water within the device and maintaining the long-term dynamic balance of water within the system.

[0044] The scheme is further optimized. The hydrophobic module includes a first capillary group and a second capillary group. The first capillary group is arranged at the bottom inside the protective shell, and the water-retaining layer 19 is arranged on top of the first capillary group. The second capillary group is arranged between the protective shell and the water-retaining layer 19, and the first capillary group and the second capillary group are connected to transport surface water to the deep layer. A filter layer 5 is provided on the top of the first capillary group.

[0045] When the stem flow sensor 3 detects a sudden change in the stem flow rate and other information of the vegetation within the planting hole, the sensor can transmit this information to the cloud via the wired cable 8. Staff can then monitor the vegetation growth in real time via the cloud and intervene in areas with poor growth to improve vegetation efficiency. If poor vegetation growth is detected, the variable spectrum LED light 1 located at the planting hole opening can be used to regulate vegetation growth. If the sensor's collected information does not recover to the rated value after a period of illumination by the variable spectrum LED light 1, it will transmit this information to the cloud, alerting staff to intervene in that area to ensure vegetation growth. The sensor and the variable spectrum LED light 1 work in tandem. The energy required during the process can be provided by the piezoelectric material in the protective shell of the planting hole module, thereby improving the applicability and service life of the 3D printed intelligent greening system. When there is heavy rainfall on the slope, the protective shell of the planting hole module can drain excess water through the multi-functional drainage module and water-draining module at the bottom to avoid affecting the growth of vegetation. The multi-functional drainage module consists of a filter layer 5 and capillary drainage pipes 17. The capillary drainage pipes 17 are arranged on the surface of the protective shell 20 of the planting hole module. When there is too much water in the protective shell 20 of the planting hole module, the water will seep into the bottom of the planting hole module through the soil. When the water reaches the filter layer 5, the filter layer 5 will block all large particles other than water from entering the capillary drainage pipes. When water enters the capillary drainage pipe, it can be discharged to areas outside the protective shell of the planting hole module through pipes distributed in the protective shell of the planting hole module. If the water level in the planting hole is too low, water can also flow into the planting hole through the capillary drainage pipe (water exchange between the capillary and the water-retaining layer 19 is carried out through bidirectional permeation, and a certain amount of water is retained in the capillary for water exchange with the water-retaining layer 19). The 3D printed intelligent greening system has automatic inspection function, real-time monitoring of vegetation growth and automatic water regulation function. It can quickly find the damaged area and quickly repair it, reducing the time and economic cost required to repair the greening irrigation system, promoting vegetation growth and improving the greening effect.

[0046] The drilling assembly 9 can construct holes of different diameters for the planting hole device 6 by changing the detachable drill bit. When the integrated intelligent drilling machine drilling assembly 9 is in operation, it will inject slope reinforcement devices into the installation area of ​​the planting hole device 6 through the pre-drilled holes in the equipment itself to improve slope stability. Before construction, the drilling depth of the integrated intelligent drilling machine drilling assembly 9 can be preset by the controller 7. When the detachable drill bit is driven into the corresponding depth, the integrated intelligent drilling machine drilling assembly 9 will promptly report the current drilling depth through its own acoustic reflection sensor 21, which can effectively improve construction efficiency and ensure drilling depth for better installation of the planting hole device 6.

[0047] After the planting hole device 6 is installed, the intelligent filling device can be placed on the planting hole device 6, and the pressure sensor 16 in the planting hole device 6 can realize automatic filling. During the filling process, if the pressure sensor 16 does not reach the corresponding threshold, the information receiver 14 in the intelligent filling device will transmit the information to the controller 7. The controller 7 will continue to fill the planting hole device 6 with nutrients 18. When all the pressure sensors 16 in the planting hole device 6 reach the corresponding threshold, the information receiver 14 will feed the information back to the controller 7, and the controller 7 will stop filling the planting hole device 6 with nutrients 18. This achieves convenient construction and ensures that the nutrients 18 are evenly distributed in all parts of the planting hole device 6, thereby improving the growth effect of the vegetation.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0049] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart greening system for steep rock slopes based on 3D printing planting holes, characterized in that, include: The drilling device includes a moving component, a support arm, a spraying component (10) and a drilling component (9). The support arm is mounted on the moving component, the spraying component (10) is connected to the end of the support arm, and the drilling component (9) is installed at the bottom of the spraying component (10). The drilling device is used to drill planting holes on the slope and inject slope reinforcement material into the planting holes. The planting hole device (6) includes a shock-absorbing and slow-release layer (25); a water-blocking barrier (26), a protective shell (20), a temperature difference self-absorbing condensation layer (30), a root microbial module (27), a hydrophobic module, and a water-retaining layer (19). The outer wall of the protective shell is provided with a spiral reinforcement band (2). The protective shell is fixed in the planting hole by the spiral reinforcement band (2). A variable spectrum LED lamp (1) is provided inside the top of the protective shell. The water-retaining layer (19) is arranged inside the protective shell. The hydrophobic module is arranged at the bottom of the protective shell and between the water-retaining layer (19) and the protective shell. An information collection module is provided inside the protective shell. The filling device includes a storage unit, a controller (7), a material filling head (12), a signal receiver (14), a pressure sensor (16), a pressurizing device (23), and a fixed-axis steering device (24). The pressure sensor (16) monitors the system pressure and transmits the real-time data to the controller (7). The controller (7) controls the pressurizing device (23) to provide conveying power according to preset parameters and the received data, and drives the fixed-axis steering device (24) to adjust the orientation of the material filling head (12). Finally, under the precise control of the controller (7), the material filling head (12) injects the plant substrate into the area enclosed by the water-retaining layer (19).

2. The intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Water-blocking barriers (26) are arranged on the outer surface of the planting hole device, wherein the water-blocking barriers isolate rainwater falling from the height to the surrounding slope through a stepped arm planetary gear frame.

3. The intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The shock-absorbing and mitigating layer (25) is arranged on the surface of the implantation hole device and adopts a sawtooth geometric topology structure. It extends the transmission path of the impact force and disperses the impact energy through multi-level folding. Based on the geometric stability of the triangular configuration, the horizontal impact force is decomposed into multi-directional components, and the kinetic energy is converted into heat energy dissipation through frictional damping between structural components. The sawtooth structure is formed by 3D printing of recycled rubber particles composite bio-based polyurethane. The rubber particles have a particle size of 0.2-2mm and a volume ratio of 25-35%. A directional rubber enrichment zone is formed at the bend of the sawtooth.

4. The intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The support arm is equipped with a depth monitoring module, which includes an acoustic reflection sensor (21) for monitoring the depth of the implantation hole.

5. The intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The information collection module includes a stem flow sensor (3), a soil information sensor (4), and a pressure sensor (16); the stem flow sensor (3), the soil information sensor (4), and the pressure sensor (16) are all arranged inside the protective shell (20).

6. The intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The root microbial module (27) includes a multifunctional adsorption block, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and the root microbial module (27) is arranged in the inner cavity of the planting hole device (6).

7. The intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The storage unit includes a collection box (15), a fixed bracket (13), a conveying pipe (11), and a negative pressure device (22). The negative pressure device (22) is installed on the fixed bracket (13). The collection box (15) and the negative pressure device (22) are connected through the conveying pipe (11). The material filling head (12) is installed at the output end of the negative pressure device (22).

8. The intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature difference self-drawing condensation layer (30) includes a condenser plate (28) and a hydrophilic gradient membrane (29). The surface temperature of the condenser plate (28) drops below the dew point at night, causing water vapor in the air to condense into droplets. The hydrophilic gradient membrane (29) guides the water droplets to gather in the hydrophilic area at the root, ensuring sufficient water supply inside the device.

9. The intelligent greening system for planting holes on steep rock slopes based on 3D printing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrophobic module includes a first capillary group and a second capillary group. The first capillary group is arranged at the bottom inside the protective shell, and the water-retaining layer (19) is arranged on the top of the first capillary group. The second capillary group is arranged between the protective shell and the water-retaining layer (19), and the first capillary group and the second capillary group are connected to transport surface water to the deep layer. A filter layer (5) is provided on the top of the first capillary group.

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