A directional surveying device for geological exploration

Abstract

This invention discloses a azimuth surveying device for geological exploration, belonging to the field of geological exploration technology. Tracked wheels are connected to both sides of the lower end of the base, and a circular turntable is connected to the upper end of the base. A circular cover plate is connected to the upper end of the circular turntable, and a azimuth surveying component is connected to the inner cavity of the circular cover plate. Through a multi-stage transmission structure of a knob, bevel gear, external gear ring, and first gear, the azimuth surveying mechanism achieves smooth rotation. The matching positioning of the annular groove of the information acquisition component and the annular connecting block of the azimuth surveying mechanism makes the alignment of the pointer with the azimuth value more convenient and the positioning more accurate. This avoids calibration errors caused by uneven manual operation force and line-of-sight deviation. Furthermore, there is no need for manual readjustment when the path deviates after calibration. Through the rotation of the information acquisition component and real-time monitoring by an infrared sensor, the deflection angle can be quickly matched, effectively reducing the cumulative error caused by multiple calibrations and improving the reliability of the survey data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological surveying technology, and more specifically, to a directional surveying device for geological surveying. Background Technology

[0002] Geological surveying is a core foundational task in fields such as mineral resource exploration, engineering construction planning, and geological disaster early warning. As a key piece of equipment in geological surveying, the azimuth surveying device plays a crucial role in accurately acquiring the occurrence elements of geological bodies and the azimuth information of the survey path, providing a basis for subsequent data interpretation and decision-making.

[0003] The calibration of existing orientation surveying devices mostly relies on manual adjustment, which is achieved by directly rotating the surveying body or the dial. During the operation, it is easily affected by factors such as the force of human operation and line of sight deviation, resulting in insufficient calibration accuracy. At the same time, if the surveying device needs to be deflected after calibration, the orientation parameters need to be manually adjusted again, which is not only inefficient, but also prone to cumulative errors due to multiple calibrations, affecting the reliability of the surveying data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a directional surveying device for geological exploration, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] A directional surveying device for geological exploration includes a base, with tracked wheels connected to both sides of the lower end of the base, and a circular turntable connected to the upper end of the base. A circular cover plate is connected to the upper end of the circular turntable, and a directional surveying component is connected to the inner cavity of the circular cover plate. A first sliding groove is connected to the rear end of the base, and a wire assembly is connected to the inner cavity of the first sliding groove. A wire laying component is installed in the inner cavity of the wire assembly facing the base, and a control box is connected to one side of the upper end of the base. The circular cover plate is transparent. The orientation survey component includes an information acquisition component, and an orientation survey mechanism is connected to the lower outer side of the information acquisition component. An annular connecting block is connected to the outer surface of the orientation survey mechanism.

[0006] Preferably, the information acquisition component includes an information collector, the lower surface of which has an annular groove, and the outer surface of which is connected to a pointer.

[0007] Preferably, the orientation surveying mechanism includes a first circular rotating rod, the upper surface of which has a groove, and an annular connecting block is connected to the inner cavity of the groove. The upper surface of the first circular rotating rod is connected to an orientation value, and the groove fits with the information collector, and the annular connecting block fits with the annular groove.

[0008] Preferably, an external toothed ring is connected to the outer surface of the first circular rotating rod, and a first gear meshes with the outer side of the external toothed ring. A first bevel gear is connected to the upper end of the first gear, and a second bevel gear meshes with one end of the first bevel gear. A knob is connected to the end of the second bevel gear away from the first bevel gear, and the knob is connected to the second bevel gear through a through circular cover plate. The knob and the second bevel gear are rotatably connected.

[0009] Preferably, the wire assembly includes a rectangular slider with a circular hole in the middle, and the upper and lower ends of the rectangular slider are connected to first rectangular connecting blocks. Each first rectangular connecting block has several pulleys connected to the end away from the center of the circular hole.

[0010] Preferably, the rectangular slider has telescopic blocks connected to both sides, and rectangular guide blocks are connected to both the front and rear ends, top, bottom and left and right sides of the rectangular slider. Guide wheels are connected to both the top and bottom ends of the rectangular guide blocks. The rectangular slider, the first rectangular connecting block and the pulley are installed in the inner cavity of the first slide groove. The end of the pulley away from the center of the circular hole contacts the inner wall of the first slide groove. The telescopic blocks are installed in the inner cavity of the first slide groove.

[0011] Preferably, the wire feeding assembly includes a wire feeding reel, with an optical fiber wound around its outer surface. Second circular rotating rods are connected to the outer surfaces of both ends of the wire feeding reel. A second gear is connected to the outer side of each circular rotating rod. A ring-shaped rack meshes with the outer side of each second gear. A third gear meshes with the end of each ring-shaped rack away from the second gear. A third circular rotating rod is connected to the end of each third gear away from the wire feeding reel. The end of the third circular rotating rod away from the third gear is connected to the rear wheel axle of the track wheel. The head end of the optical fiber is connected to the surveying equipment through a through circular hole.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the optical fiber is connected to the information collector, and the first circular rotating rod is rotatably connected to the information collection component through a groove. The diameter of the wire-feeding wheel is equal to the diameter of the rear wheel of the track wheel. Therefore, the length of the optical fiber released by the wire-feeding wheel is the distance that the track wheel moves forward.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are: 1. In this invention, a multi-stage transmission structure consisting of a knob, a bevel gear, an external gear ring, and a first gear enables the smooth rotation of the orientation survey mechanism. Combined with the matching positioning of the annular groove of the information acquisition component and the annular connecting block of the orientation survey mechanism, the alignment of the pointer with the orientation value becomes more convenient and the positioning more accurate. This avoids calibration errors caused by uneven manual operation force and line-of-sight deviation. Furthermore, there is no need for manual readjustment when the path deviates after calibration. Through the rotation of the information acquisition component and real-time monitoring by the infrared sensor, the deflection angle can be quickly matched, effectively reducing the cumulative error caused by multiple calibrations and improving the reliability of the survey data.

[0014] 2. In this invention, the wire feeding assembly is connected to the rear wheel axle of the track wheel via a third circular rotating rod. The rotation of the track wheel drives the third gear, the ring rack, and the second gear to work together, thereby driving the wire feeding wheel to feed or take back the wire synchronously. This achieves precise matching between the wire feeding and taking-back speed and the device's moving speed, avoiding the cable tangling and pulling problems that occur with independently driven wire feeding mechanisms. At the same time, the pulleys and telescopic blocks of the wire assembly can buffer the tension during fiber feeding and taking-back, and the guide wheel and the rectangular guide block with the arc edge can reduce the friction between the fiber and the structural components, significantly reducing fiber loss, extending its service life, and reducing surveying costs and failure risks.

[0015] 3. In this invention, by using optical fiber as the data transmission medium, and since optical fiber is not affected by magnetic field interference, stable data transmission can be achieved in complex geological environments such as magnetic mining areas. At the same time, the conductor assembly, through the cooperation of rectangular sliders, pulleys and telescopic blocks, can buffer the pulling force during the fiber laying and winding process. The rectangular guide block and guide wheel can guide and protect the optical fiber, preventing it from being scratched or bent by sharp edges, further ensuring the continuity of data transmission and ensuring that the survey data of the information acquisition device is transmitted to the survey equipment in real time and completely. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the orientation survey component structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the information acquisition component structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the orientation surveying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the wire assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the wire feeding assembly structure of the present invention.

[0017] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Track wheel; 3. Circular turntable; 4. Circular cover plate; 5. Azimuth survey component; 501. Information acquisition component; 502. Azimuth survey mechanism; 503. Annular connecting block; 504. Information collector; 505. Annular groove; 506. Pointer; 507. First circular rotating rod; 508. Groove; 509. Second annular connecting block; 510. Azimuth value; 511. External gear ring; 512. First gear; 513. First bevel gear; 514. Second bevel gear; 515. Knob; 6. First slide groove; 7. Wire assembly; 701. Rectangular slider; 702. Circular hole; 703. First rectangular connecting block; 704. Pulley; 706. Telescopic block; 707. Rectangular guide block; 708. Guide wheel; 8. Wire feeding assembly; 801. Wire feeding wheel; 802. Optical fiber; 803. Second circular rotating rod; 804. Second gear; 805. Ring rack; 806. Third gear; 807. Third circular rotating rod. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Example: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 A directional surveying device for geological surveying includes a base 1, tracked wheels 2 connected to the lower two sides of the base 1, a circular turntable 3 connected to the upper end of the base 1, a circular cover plate 4 connected to the upper end of the circular turntable 3, a directional surveying component 5 connected to the inner cavity of the circular cover plate 4, a first chute 6 connected to the rear end of the base 1, a wire assembly 7 connected to the inner cavity of the first chute 6, a wire laying component 8 installed in the inner cavity of the wire assembly 7 facing the base 1, and a control box connected to one side of the upper end of the base 1. The circular cover plate 4 is transparent. Please see Figure 4 The orientation survey component 5 includes an information acquisition component 501. An orientation survey mechanism 502 is connected to the lower outer side of the information acquisition component 501. An annular connecting block 503 is connected to the outer surface of the orientation survey mechanism 502.

[0019] Please see Figure 5 The information collection component 501 includes an information collector 504. The lower surface of the information collector 504 has an annular groove 505, and the outer surface of the information collector 504 is connected to a pointer 506.

[0020] Please see Figure 6The orientation surveying mechanism 502 includes a first circular rotating rod 507. A groove 508 is formed on the upper surface of the first circular rotating rod 507. A second annular connecting block 509 is connected in the inner cavity of the groove 508. An orientation value 510 is connected to the upper surface of the first circular rotating rod 507. The groove 508 is matched with the information collector 504. The second annular connecting block 509 is matched with the annular groove 505.

[0021] Specifically, the multi-stage transmission structure of knob 515, bevel gear, external gear ring 511, and first gear 512 enables the smooth rotation of the orientation survey mechanism. Combined with the matching positioning of the annular groove 505 of the information acquisition component 501 and the annular connecting block 503 of the orientation survey mechanism 502, the alignment of pointer 506 with the orientation value 510 becomes more convenient and the positioning more accurate. This avoids calibration errors caused by uneven manual operation force and line-of-sight deviation. Furthermore, there is no need for manual readjustment when the path deviates after calibration. Through the rotation of the information acquisition component 501 and real-time monitoring by the infrared sensor, the deflection angle can be quickly matched, effectively reducing the cumulative error caused by multiple calibrations and improving the reliability of the survey data.

[0022] Please see Figure 6 An external gear ring 511 is connected to the outer surface of the first circular rotating rod 507. A first gear 512 meshes with the outer side of the external gear ring 511. A first bevel gear 513 is connected to the upper end of the first gear 512. A second bevel gear 514 meshes with one end of the first bevel gear 513. A knob 515 is connected to the end of the second bevel gear 514 away from the first bevel gear 513. The knob 515 is connected to the second bevel gear 514 through a through circular cover plate 4. The knob 515 and the second bevel gear 514 are rotatably connected.

[0023] Please see Figure 7 The wire assembly 7 includes a rectangular slider 701, a circular hole 702 is provided in the middle part of the rectangular slider 701, and the upper and lower ends of the rectangular slider 701 are connected to a first rectangular connecting block 703. Each first rectangular connecting block 703 has a number of pulleys 704 connected to the end away from the center of the circular hole 702.

[0024] Specifically, the wire feeding assembly 8 is connected to the rear wheel axle of the track wheel 2 via the third circular rotating rod 807. The rotation of the track wheel 2 drives the third gear 806, the ring rack 805, and the second gear 804 to work together, thereby driving the wire feeding wheel 801 to feed or take back the wire synchronously. This achieves a precise match between the wire feeding and taking back speed and the device's moving speed, avoiding the cable tangling and pulling problems that occur with independently driven wire feeding mechanisms. At the same time, the pulley 704 and the telescopic block 706 of the conductor assembly 7 can buffer the tension of the optical fiber 802 during wire feeding and taking back. The guide wheel 708 and the rectangular guide block 707 with an arc edge can reduce the friction between the optical fiber 802 and the structural components, significantly reducing the loss of the optical fiber 802, extending its service life, and reducing surveying costs and failure risks.

[0025] Please see Figure 7 The rectangular slider 701 has telescopic blocks 706 connected to both sides, and rectangular guide blocks 707 are connected to both the front and rear ends, top and bottom, left and right sides of the rectangular slider 701. Guide wheels 708 are connected to both the top and bottom ends of the rectangular guide blocks 707. The rectangular slider 701, the first rectangular connecting block 703 and the pulley 704 are installed in the inner cavity of the first slide groove 6. The end of the pulley 704 away from the center of the circular hole 702 is in contact with the inner wall of the first slide groove 6. The telescopic blocks 706 are installed in the inner cavity of the first slide groove 6. The edge of the rectangular guide block 707 away from the circular hole 702 is arc-shaped.

[0026] Please see Figure 8 The wire feeding assembly 8 includes a wire feeding reel 801, with an optical fiber 802 wound around its outer surface. Second circular rotating rods 803 are connected to the outer surfaces of both ends of the wire feeding reel 801. A second gear 804 is connected to the outer side of each second circular rotating rod 803. A ring rack 805 meshes with the outer side of each second gear 804. A third gear 806 meshes with the end of each ring rack 805 away from the second gear 804. A third circular rotating rod 807 is connected to the end of each third gear 806 away from the wire feeding reel 801. The end of the third circular rotating rod 807 away from the third gear 806 is connected to the rear wheel axle of the track wheel 2. The head end of the optical fiber 802 is connected to the surveying equipment through a through circular hole 702. The diameter of the wire feeding reel 801 is equal to the diameter of the rear wheel of the track wheel 2. Therefore, the length of the optical fiber 802 released by the wire feeding reel 801 corresponds to the distance the track wheel 2 travels.

[0027] Please see Figure 8 One end of the optical fiber 802 is connected to the information collector 504, and the first circular rotating rod 507 is rotatably connected to the information collection component 501 through the groove 508.

[0028] Specifically, by using optical fiber 802 as the data transmission medium, and because optical fiber 802 is not affected by magnetic fields, stable data transmission can be achieved in complex geological environments such as magnetic mining areas. At the same time, the conductor assembly 7, through the cooperation of rectangular slider 701, pulley 704 and telescopic block 706, can buffer the pulling force during the laying and winding of optical fiber 802. Rectangular guide block 707 and guide wheel 708 can guide and protect optical fiber 802, preventing it from being scratched or bent by sharp edges, further ensuring the continuity of data transmission and ensuring that the survey data of information collector 504 is transmitted to the survey equipment in real time and completely.

[0029] Working principle: Place the surveying device at a survey starting point free from magnetic field interference. Initiate a self-test via the control box to ensure the normal operation of all components, including the track wheels 2, information acquisition component 501, and line laying component 8. Adjust the device's attitude so that the information acquisition unit 504 faces the preset survey direction. Simultaneously, observe the initial relative position of the pointer 506 and the azimuth value 510 through the transparent circular cover 4. Combine this with a compass to determine the current azimuth. The operator rotates the knob 515 that passes through the circular cover 4. The knob 515 drives the connected second bevel gear 514 to rotate. Since the second bevel gear 514 meshes with the first bevel gear 513, it drives the first bevel gear 513 and its lower connecting... The first gear 512 rotates synchronously, and the first gear 512 meshes with the outer tooth ring 511 on the outer side of the first circular rotating rod 507, thereby driving the first circular rotating rod 507 to rotate smoothly around its own axis, so that the orientation value 510 on the upper surface of the first circular rotating rod 507 rotates together. During this process, the information acquisition component 501 is positioned by engaging with the second annular connecting block 509 of the first circular rotating rod 507 through the annular groove 505, maintaining its own stable posture until the pointer 506 accurately points to the orientation value 510 consistent with the compass, completing the initial orientation calibration, effectively avoiding errors such as uneven force and line of sight deviation caused by manual direct rotation of the surveying body; After the orientation calibration is completed, a forward command is sent through the control box to start the track wheel 2, which drives the base 1 and the whole device to move along the preset survey path. When the track wheel 2 rotates, its rear wheel axle drives the connected third gear 806 to rotate through the third circular rotating rod 807. The third gear 806 meshes with the ring rack 805, driving the ring rack 805 to transmit to the second gear 804, which in turn drives the second circular rotating rod 803 and the wire feeding wheel 801 to rotate synchronously. Since the diameter of the wire feeding wheel 801 is equal to the diameter of the rear wheel of the track wheel 2, according to the circumference formula, the distance that the track wheel 2 moves forward is completely matched with the length of the optical fiber 802 released by the wire feeding wheel 801, realizing precise synchronization between the moving distance and the wire feeding length, avoiding the cable entanglement, pulling or wire feeding length mismatch problems common in independent drive wire feeding mechanisms. During the laying process, the tension generated by the movement of the device on the optical fiber 802 acts on the rectangular slider 701, pushing the rectangular slider 701 to slide left and right along the inner wall of the first sliding groove 6 through the pulleys 704 on the first rectangular connecting blocks 703 at both ends. At the same time, the telescopic blocks 706 at both ends of the rectangular slider 701 expand and contract adaptively, buffering the instantaneous tension on the optical fiber 802 through the mechanical structure, and avoiding tensile damage to the optical fiber due to excessive tension. When the surveying device is moving and laying out lines, if the information collector 504 detects that the survey path ahead requires an angle deflection, it will cause the information collection component 501 to rotate until the angle of rotation matches the angle deflection required by the surveying device. Then, the infrared sensor will detect the azimuth value 510 pointed to by the pointer 506 at this time, and transmit it to the surveying equipment and control box connected to the other end through the optical fiber 802. At this time, the control box will start the track wheel 2 to perform a synchronous angle deflection operation. During the angle deflection of the track wheel 2, the base 1, and the circular turntable 3, the azimuth surveying mechanism 502 will remain stationary. In this way, whenever the information collection component 501 rotates, the infrared sensor will monitor the azimuth value 510 pointed to by the pointer 506 in real time, and transmit the monitored data to the surveying equipment through the optical fiber 802. At the same time, the data collected in real time by the information collector 504 will also be transmitted to the surveying equipment through the optical fiber 802. After the surveying device completes its surveying operation, it will return along the same route to retrieve the optical fiber 802. This process continues until the surveying device returns to its starting point. At this point, the head end of the optical fiber 802 will be returned to its original position. During the retrieval process, the guide wheel 708 and the rectangular guide block 707 will guide the optical fiber 802, preventing it from being scratched by sharp edges. This concludes the entire operation.

[0030] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A directional surveying device for geological exploration, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: Track wheels (2) are connected to the lower two sides of the base (1), and a circular turntable (3) is connected to the upper end of the base (1). A circular cover plate (4) is connected to the upper end of the circular turntable (3). A directional survey component (5) is connected to the inner cavity of the circular cover plate (4). A first slide groove (6) is connected to the rear end of the base (1). A wire assembly (7) is connected to the inner cavity of the first slide groove (6). A wire laying component (8) is installed in the inner cavity of the wire assembly (7) facing the base (1). The orientation survey component (5) includes an information acquisition component (501), and an orientation survey mechanism (502) is connected to the lower outer side of the information acquisition component (501). An annular connecting block (503) is connected to the outer surface of the orientation survey mechanism (502). The information acquisition component (501) includes an information collector (504), the lower end surface of the information collector (504) is provided with an annular groove (505), and the outer surface of the information collector (504) is connected to a pointer (506). The orientation surveying mechanism (502) includes a first circular rotating rod (507), the upper surface of the first circular rotating rod (507) is provided with a groove (508), the inner cavity of the groove (508) is connected to a second annular connecting block (509), and the upper surface of the first circular rotating rod (507) is connected to an orientation value (510). An external gear ring (511) is connected to the outer surface of the first circular rotating rod (507). A first gear (512) meshes with the outer side of the external gear ring (511). A first bevel gear (513) is connected to the upper end of the first gear (512). A second bevel gear (514) meshes with one end of the first bevel gear (513). A knob (515) is connected to the end of the second bevel gear (514) away from the first bevel gear (513).

2. The orientation surveying device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire assembly (7) includes a rectangular slider (701), a circular hole (702) is provided in the middle part of the rectangular slider (701), and the upper and lower ends of the rectangular slider (701) are connected to a first rectangular connecting block (703). Each first rectangular connecting block (703) has a number of pulleys (704) connected to one end away from the center of the circular hole (702).

3. The orientation surveying device for geological exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rectangular slider (701) has telescopic blocks (706) connected to both sides, and rectangular guide blocks (707) are connected to both the front and rear ends, top and bottom, left and right sides of the rectangular slider (701). Guide wheels (708) are connected to both the top and bottom ends of the rectangular guide blocks (707).

4. The orientation surveying device for geological exploration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wire feeding assembly (8) includes a wire feeding reel (801), with an optical fiber (802) wound around its outer surface. The outer surfaces of both ends of the wire feeding reel (801) are connected to a second circular rotating rod (803). A second gear (804) is connected to the outer side of each second circular rotating rod (803). A ring rack (805) meshes with the outer side of each second gear (804). A third gear (806) meshes with the end of each ring rack (805) away from the second gear (804). A third circular rotating rod (807) is connected to the end of each third gear (806) away from the wire feeding reel (801).

5. The orientation surveying device for geological exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the optical fiber (802) is connected to the information collector (504), and the first circular rotating rod (507) is rotatably connected to the information collection component (501) through the groove (508).

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