An integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device and components

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of quantum information technology and discloses an integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device, including a distribution board, a merging board, a readout board, and a chassis. The distribution board and the merging board are connected and fixed together via an inter-board radio frequency connector. The number of merging boards assembled is determined by the final number of power dividers on the distribution board. The IQ signal of the IQ combiner inside the distribution board is connected to the board-mounted connector after passing through a Gaussian filter circuit. Other signals of the IQ combiner inside the distribution board, besides the IQ signal, are connected to and from the side-mounted radio frequency connector. The readout board has a similar functional structure to the distribution board and is used to control the readout circuit of the superconducting quantum computing chip.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of quantum information technology, specifically to an integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device and components. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of superconducting quantum computing, the processing of the output signal of a quantum chip relies on the combined collaboration of a large number of radio frequency (RF) devices, and each signal channel requires independent RF device support. As the number of quantum computing qubits continues to increase, the number of required RF devices is also increasing, leading to a continuous expansion of the overall size of the quantum measurement and control system.

[0003] Currently, the industry commonly adopts the approach of purchasing off-the-shelf independent radio frequency (RF) devices when building quantum measurement and control systems. These devices are then connected and transmitted via RF connectors such as SMA and coaxial cables. This approach has significant drawbacks: Firstly, the large number of independent devices and complex cable connections make the internal wiring of the system extremely complicated, increasing the difficulty of system assembly and debugging, and raising the risk of signal interference and connection failures. Secondly, the dispersed device layout and redundant cables occupy a large amount of physical space, resulting in a bulky overall quantum measurement and control system that is difficult to meet the requirements of miniaturized and integrated applications, while also increasing the system's deployment and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device and components, which has the advantages of integration, miniaturization, flexibility, cost, and optimized installation. It solves the problems of complex wiring and large size in existing quantum measurement and control systems that use independent radio frequency devices and cable connections, which cannot meet the requirements of system integration and miniaturization, and increase the difficulty and cost of installation and debugging, while also making it difficult to easily install, remove, add, or remove modules.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] An integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device includes a distribution board, a merging board, a readout board, and a chassis. The distribution board and the merging board are connected and fixed together via an inter-board radio frequency connector. The number of merging boards assembled is determined by the final number of power dividers on the distribution board. The IQ signals of the IQ combiner inside the distribution board are connected to the board-mounted connector after passing through a Gaussian filter circuit. Other signals of the IQ combiner inside the distribution board, besides the IQ signals, are connected to and from the side-mounted radio frequency connector. The readout board has a similar functional structure to the distribution board and is used to control the readout circuitry of the superconducting quantum computing chip.

[0009] Preferably, the reading board is used in series with a microwave signal generator. The microwave signal is input through the signal generator, and after passing through a one-to-two power splitter module and an IQ mixer module, it is mixed to control the read-in and read-out lines of a set of reading signals on the superconducting quantum computing chip.

[0010] Preferably, the distribution board includes a radio frequency connector, a multi-stage 1 / 2 power divider circuit, a low-noise radio frequency amplifier, an attenuation circuit, an IQ mixer, and a Gaussian filter circuit connected in sequence. The signal is processed by the above circuits in sequence and then output through the radio frequency connector. The merging board includes a main signal path and an auxiliary signal input branch. The main signal path is provided with a radio frequency connector, a low-pass filter circuit, a DC blocking circuit, a bias circuit, and an output radio frequency connector in sequence. The auxiliary signal input branch is provided with a radio frequency connector, a high-pass filter circuit, and is connected to the bias circuit of the main signal path. The reading board includes a radio frequency connector, a 1 / 2 power divider circuit, an IQ mixer, a low-pass filter circuit, and a Gaussian filter circuit connected in sequence. It is used to perform multi-stage processing of power division, mixing, and filtering on the signal of the superconducting quantum computing chip reading line and then output it through the radio frequency connector.

[0011] Preferably, the distribution board, merging board, and reading board are inserted and removed in real time within the chassis housing via card slots and quick connectors, and are arranged in combination within the chassis to form measurement and control system chassis of different volumes and different numbers of channels.

[0012] A distribution board assembly, wherein the signal processing flow of the distribution board assembly starts from the RF connector as the signal input starting point, and after multi-stage power division, amplification, attenuation, mixing and filtering, it is finally output through the RF connector.

[0013] Preferably, the specific signal processing flow of the distribution board component includes: after the signal is input from the RF connector, it first enters the 1 / 2 power divider circuit and is divided into two signals, which enter two parallel 1 / 2 power divider circuits respectively; each 1 / 2 power divider circuit divides the signal into two more signals, and each signal is input to a low-noise RF amplifier for signal amplification; the amplified signal enters the 1 / 2 power divider circuit again and is divided into two more signals, each of which passes through an attenuation circuit for signal attenuation before being input to an IQ mixer for mixing; the multiple signals processed by the IQ mixer are directly output through the RF connector, and the output of one of the IQ mixers is divided into two special branches, I and Q: the I signal enters the Gaussian filter circuit, is filtered, and is output through the RF connector; the Q signal enters the Gaussian filter circuit, is filtered, and is output through the RF connector.

[0014] A combined board assembly, wherein the signal processing flow of the combined board assembly starts from the RF connector as the signal input starting point, and after multi-stage filtering, DC blocking and biasing circuit processing, it is finally output through the RF connector, and there is also an auxiliary signal input branch.

[0015] Preferably, the specific signal processing flow of the merged board assembly includes: after the main signal path signal is input from the RF connector, it passes through the following circuits in sequence: a low-pass filter circuit to perform low-pass filtering on the signal; a DC blocking circuit to achieve DC blocking function; a bias circuit to provide bias processing for the signal; a filter circuit to filter the signal again; and finally, it is output through the RF connector; another signal from the auxiliary signal input branch is input from the RF connector, enters the high-pass filter circuit for high-pass filtering, and then enters the bias circuit to participate in the biasing stage of the main signal path.

[0016] A reading board assembly, wherein the signal processing flow of the reading board assembly starts from the RF connector as the signal input starting point, and after multiple stages of processing such as power division, mixing and filtering, the signal is output through the RF connector.

[0017] Preferably, the specific signal processing flow of the reading board component includes: after the signal input and the first-level power divider signal are input from the RF connector, they enter the 1 / 2 power divider circuit and are divided into two parallel signals, which enter two IQ mixers respectively; after mixing and multi-channel filtering, each IQ mixer processes the signal and divides it into three branches: the first branch: the signal enters the low-pass filter circuit, and after filtering, it is output through the RF connector; the second branch (I-channel): the signal enters the Gaussian filter circuit, and after filtering, it is output through the RF connector; the third branch (Q-channel): the signal enters the Gaussian filter circuit, and after filtering, it is output through the RF connector; the processing flow of the two IQ mixers is completely consistent, and finally a total of six signals with different filtering processes are output.

[0018] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device and components, which has the following advantages:

[0020] Compared to traditional connection methods, this integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device and component can integrate tens or even hundreds of bits of measurement and control circuitry onto a single board component, greatly reducing the space occupied by the measurement and control system. This significantly improves the installation and cost of the measurement and control system. With the improvement of radio frequency circuit technology and the application of smaller radio frequency connectors, the size of the measurement and control system built using this solution will be further reduced, making it possible for a system the size of a computer chassis to measure tens of thousands of bits.

[0021] This integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device and components can be plugged in and out in real time through card slots and quick connectors, and can be combined and arranged in the chassis to form measurement and control system chassis of different sizes and different numbers of channels. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the information processing of the board components allocated in this invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the information processing of the combined board components of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the information processing of the board component in this invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is an assembly diagram of the distribution board and merging board of the integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 101, side-mounted RF connector for distribution board; 102, distribution board; 103, inter-board RF connector; 104, merging board; 106, board-to-board vertical connector; 105, side-mounted RF connector for merging board.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 The circuit shown includes: ① RF connector; ② 1 / 2 power divider circuit; ③ low-noise RF amplifier; ④ attenuation circuit; ⑤ IQ mixer; ⑥ Gaussian filter circuit; and ⑦ low-pass filter circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0030] In addition, a fixed connection refers to a connection in which parts or components are fixed and there is no relative movement; a transmission connection refers to a connection in which mechanical motion or torque is transmitted to other working parts through a transmission component; a sliding connection refers to a connection in which two objects are in contact but not fixed and can slide relative to each other; and a rotational connection refers to a connection in which two objects are in contact but not fixed and can rotate relative to each other.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] This embodiment provides an integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device and components, which has the following technical features.

[0034] Please see Figure 4 An integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device includes a distribution board 102, a merging board 104, a reading board, and a chassis. The distribution board 102 and the merging board 104 are connected and fixed by an inter-board radio frequency connector 103. The number of merging boards 104 assembled is determined by the final number of power dividers in the distribution board 102. The IQ signal of the IQ combiner inside the distribution board 102 is connected to the board-mounted connector 106 after passing through a Gaussian filter circuit. Other signals of the IQ combiner inside the distribution board 102, except for the IQ signal, are connected and output from the side-mounted radio frequency connector.

[0035] The reading board has a similar functional structure to the distribution board 102 and is used to control the reading circuit of the superconducting quantum computing chip.

[0036] It should be noted that the inter-board RF connector 103 is specifically any one or more of the following: BNC connector, N-type connector, SMA connector, SMB connector, MCX connector, TNC connector, or UHF connector.

[0037] It should be noted that the board-mounted connector 106 is specifically any one or more of the following: BNC connector, N-type connector, SMA connector, SMB connector, MCX connector, TNC connector, or UHF connector.

[0038] It should be noted that the side-mounted RF connector includes at least one distribution board side-mounted RF connector 101 and at least one merging board side-mounted RF connector 105.

[0039] It should be noted that the side-mounted RF connector is any one or more of the following: BNC connector, N-type connector, SMA connector, SMB connector, MCX connector, TNC connector, or UHF connector.

[0040] It should be noted that, in addition to the IQ signal, the other signals of the IQ combiner inside the distribution board 102 include the DC bias amplification signal, the IQ mixing signals IF1 and IF2.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the read board is used in series with a microwave signal generator. The microwave signal is input through the signal generator, passes through a 1-to-2 power splitter module, and is mixed by an IQ mixer module to control the read-in and read-out lines of a set of read signals on the superconducting quantum computing chip.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, the distribution board 102 includes an RF connector, a multi-stage 1 / 2 power divider circuit, a low-noise RF amplifier, an attenuation circuit, an IQ mixer, and a Gaussian filter circuit connected in sequence. The signal is processed by the above circuits in sequence and then output through the RF connector.

[0043] The merging board 104 includes a main signal path and an auxiliary signal input branch. The main signal path is provided with an RF connector, a low-pass filter circuit, a DC blocking circuit, a bias circuit and an output RF connector in sequence. The auxiliary signal input branch is provided with an RF connector, a high-pass filter circuit and is connected to the bias circuit of the main signal path.

[0044] The reading board includes an RF connector, a 1 / 2 power divider circuit, an IQ mixer, a low-pass filter circuit, and a Gaussian filter circuit connected in sequence. These components are used to perform multi-stage processing (power division, mixing, and filtering) on ​​the signals from the superconducting quantum computing chip's reading circuit before outputting them through the RF connector.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, the distribution board 102, the merging board 104, and the reading board are inserted and removed in real time within the chassis housing via card slots and quick connectors, and are arranged in combination within the chassis to form measurement and control system chassis of different volumes and different numbers of channels.

[0046] Please see Figure 1 A distribution board assembly, wherein the signal processing flow of the distribution board assembly starts from the RF connector as the signal input starting point, and after multi-stage power division, amplification, attenuation, mixing and filtering, it is finally output through the RF connector.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, the specific signal processing flow for allocating the board components includes:

[0048] After the signal is input from the RF connector, it first enters the 1 / 2 power divider circuit, where it is split into two signals, which then enter two parallel 1 / 2 power divider circuits respectively.

[0049] Each 1 / 2 power divider circuit splits the signal into two paths again, and each signal is input to a low-noise RF amplifier for signal amplification.

[0050] The amplified signal enters the 1 / 2 power divider circuit and is split into two paths. Each path passes through an attenuation circuit for signal attenuation before being input to the IQ mixer for mixing.

[0051] The multiple signals processed by the IQ mixer are directly output through the RF connectors. One of the IQ mixer outputs is divided into two special branches, I and Q: the I signal enters the Gaussian filter circuit, is filtered, and is output through the RF connector; the Q signal enters the Gaussian filter circuit, is filtered, and is output through the RF connector.

[0052] It should be noted that the RF connectors used in the distribution board assembly are any one or more of the following: BNC connectors, N-type connectors, SMA connectors, SMB connectors, MCX connectors, TNC connectors, or UHF connectors.

[0053] Please see Figure 2 A combined board assembly, wherein the signal processing flow of the combined board assembly starts from the RF connector as the signal input starting point, and after multi-stage filtering, DC blocking and biasing circuit processing, it is finally output through the RF connector, and there is also an auxiliary signal input branch.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, the specific signal processing flow of the merged board assembly includes:

[0055] After the main signal path signal is input from the RF connector, it passes through the following circuits in sequence: a low-pass filter circuit to perform low-pass filtering on the signal; a DC blocking circuit to perform DC blocking on the signal; a bias circuit to provide bias processing for the signal; a filter circuit to filter the signal again; and finally, it is output through the RF connector.

[0056] The other signal in the auxiliary signal input branch is input from the RF connector, enters the high-pass filter circuit for high-pass filtering, and then is connected to the bias circuit to participate in the biasing stage of the main signal path.

[0057] It should be noted that the RF connectors used in the combined board assembly are any one or more of the following: BNC connectors, N-type connectors, SMA connectors, SMB connectors, MCX connectors, TNC connectors, or UHF connectors.

[0058] Please see Figure 3 A reading board assembly, wherein the signal processing flow of the reading board assembly starts from the RF connector as the signal input starting point, and after multiple stages of processing such as power division, mixing and filtering, the signal is output through the RF connector.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, the specific signal processing flow of the read board component includes:

[0060] After the signal input and the first-stage power divider signal are input from the RF connector, they enter the 1 / 2 power divider circuit and are split into two parallel signals, which then enter two IQ mixers respectively.

[0061] Mixing and Multiplexing Output: Each IQ mixer processes the signal and divides it into three branches: First branch: The signal enters the low-pass filter circuit and is output through the RF connector after filtering; Second branch (I-path): The signal enters the Gaussian filter circuit and is output through the RF connector after filtering; Third branch (Q-path): The signal enters the Gaussian filter circuit and is output through the RF connector after filtering.

[0062] The processing flow of the two IQ mixers is exactly the same, and they ultimately output a total of six signals that have undergone different filtering processes.

[0063] It should be noted that the radio frequency connector used in the reading board assembly is any one or more of the following: BNC connector, N-type connector, SMA connector, SMB connector, MCX connector, TNC connector, or UHF connector.

[0064] In summary, this integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device and component, compared with traditional connection methods, can integrate tens or even hundreds of bits of measurement and control circuitry onto a single board component, greatly reducing the space occupied by the measurement and control system. This significantly benefits the installation and cost reduction of the measurement and control system. In the future, with the improvement of radio frequency circuit technology and the application of smaller radio frequency connectors, the size of the measurement and control system built with this solution will be further reduced, and it will become a reality to measure tens of thousands of bits in a system the size of a computer chassis.

[0065] This integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device and components can be plugged in and out in real time through card slots and quick connectors, and can be combined and arranged in the chassis to form measurement and control system chassis of different sizes and different numbers of channels.

[0066] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0067] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device, characterized in that, The system includes a distribution board (102), a merging board (104), a reading board, and a chassis housing. The distribution board (102) and the merging board (104) are connected and fixed together via an inter-board RF connector (103). The number of merging boards (104) assembled is determined by the final number of power dividers in the distribution board (102). The IQ signal of the IQ combiner inside the distribution board (102) is connected to the board-mounted connector (106) after passing through a Gaussian filter circuit. Other signals of the IQ combiner inside the distribution board (102) besides the IQ signal are connected and output from the side-mounted RF connectors (101, 105). The reading board has a similar functional structure to the distribution board (102) and is used to control the reading circuit of the superconducting quantum computing chip; The distribution board (102) includes an RF connector, a multi-stage 1 / 2 power divider circuit, a low-noise RF amplifier, an attenuation circuit, an IQ mixer and a Gaussian filter circuit connected in sequence. The signal is processed by the above circuits in sequence and then output through the RF connector. The merging board (104) includes a main signal path and an auxiliary signal input branch. The main signal path is provided with an RF connector, a low-pass filter circuit, a DC blocking circuit, a bias circuit and an output RF connector in sequence. The auxiliary signal input branch is provided with an RF connector, a high-pass filter circuit and is connected to the bias circuit of the main signal path. The reading board includes an RF connector, a 1 / 2 power divider circuit, an IQ mixer, a low-pass filter circuit, and a Gaussian filter circuit connected in sequence. It is used to perform multi-stage processing of the signal from the superconducting quantum computing chip's reading circuit, including power division, mixing, and filtering, before outputting it through the RF connector.

2. The integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reading board is used in series with the microwave signal generator. The microwave signal is input through the signal generator, and after passing through the one-to-two power splitting module and the IQ mixer module, it is mixed to control the readin and readout lines of a set of reading signals on the superconducting quantum computing chip.

3. The integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distribution board (102), merging board (104) and reading board are inserted and removed in real time in the chassis housing through card slots and quick connectors, and are arranged in combination in the chassis to form measurement and control system chassis of different sizes and different numbers of channels.

4. A distribution board assembly, applied to an integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The signal processing flow of the distribution board component starts with the RF connector as the signal input point, and after multiple stages of power division, amplification, attenuation, mixing and filtering, it is finally output through the RF connector.

5. A distribution board assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific signal processing flow for the allocation board components includes: After the signal is input from the RF connector, it first enters the 1 / 2 power divider circuit, where it is split into two signals, which then enter two parallel 1 / 2 power divider circuits respectively. Each 1 / 2 power divider circuit splits the signal into two paths again, and each signal is input to a low-noise RF amplifier for signal amplification. The amplified signal enters the 1 / 2 power divider circuit and is split into two paths. Each path passes through an attenuation circuit for signal attenuation before being input to the IQ mixer for mixing. The multiple signals processed by the IQ mixer are directly output through the RF connectors. The output of one of the IQ mixers is divided into two special branches, I and Q: the I signal enters the Gaussian filter circuit, is filtered, and is output through the RF connector; the Q signal enters the Gaussian filter circuit, is filtered, and is output through the RF connector.

6. A combined board assembly, applied to an integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The signal processing flow of the integrated board assembly starts with the RF connector as the signal input point. After multiple stages of filtering, DC blocking, and biasing circuitry, the signal is finally output through the RF connector. There is also an auxiliary signal input branch.

7. A combined board assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific signal processing flow of the merged board assembly includes: After the main signal path signal is input from the RF connector, it passes through the following circuits in sequence: a low-pass filter circuit to perform low-pass filtering on the signal; a DC blocking circuit to perform DC blocking on the signal; a bias circuit to provide bias processing for the signal; a filter circuit to filter the signal again; and finally, it is output through the RF connector. The other signal in the auxiliary signal input branch is input from the RF connector, enters the high-pass filter circuit for high-pass filtering, and then is connected to the bias circuit to participate in the biasing stage of the main signal path.

8. A readout board assembly, applied to an integrated superconducting quantum bit radio frequency device as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The signal processing flow of the reading board component starts with the RF connector as the signal input point, and after multiple stages of processing including power division, mixing, and filtering, it is output through the RF connector.

9. A board reading assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific signal processing flow of the reading board component includes: After the signal input and the first-stage power divider signal are input from the RF connector, they enter the 1 / 2 power divider circuit and are split into two parallel signals, which then enter two IQ mixers respectively. Mixing and Multiplexing Output: Each IQ mixer processes the signal and divides it into three branches: First branch: The signal enters the low-pass filter circuit and is output through the RF connector after filtering; Second branch (I-path): The signal enters the Gaussian filter circuit and is output through the RF connector after filtering; Third branch (Q-path): The signal enters the Gaussian filter circuit and is output through the RF connector after filtering. The processing flow of the two IQ mixers is exactly the same, and they ultimately output a total of six signals that have undergone different filtering processes.

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