A mixed waste plastic pre-mixing modified integrated treatment equipment without sorting

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated premixed modification and treatment device for non-sorting mixed waste plastics applied in the field of plastic recycling technology. The invention heats waste plastic fragments transported on a mesh conveyor belt, utilizing the different melting points of the waste plastics. Low-melting-point waste plastic fragments melt and adhere to the fine mesh of the conveyor belt, while high-melting-point waste plastic fragments remain solid. The molten waste plastic fragments are cooled and hardened by air cooling, enhancing the adhesion stability between the low-melting-point fragments and the mesh conveyor belt. At the junction of two sorting stations, high-melting-point waste plastic fragments fall directly to the top of the mesh conveyor belt on the next sorting station, while low-melting-point fragments continue to move with the conveyor belt. This achieves the separate collection of low-melting-point and high-melting-point waste plastic fragments, facilitating recycling and modification of the separated plastics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plastic recycling technology, and in particular to an integrated premixed modification treatment device for non-sorting mixed waste plastics. Background Technology

[0002] Plastic products have a wide range of applications, and most plastic products can be recycled after being discarded. After a series of processes such as crushing, washing, drying, mixing, extrusion, and pelletizing, waste plastics can still be made into plastics again as masterbatch. A waste mixed plastic recycling device disclosed in Chinese patent CN117140793B is used. However, recycled waste plastics usually contain various types. Taking waste plastic bottles as an example, the bottle body is mainly made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), and the bottle cap is made of HDPE (high-density polyethylene) and PP (polypropylene). Therefore, recycled plastics contain multiple types. However, in the field of modified plastics, intentionally mixing different types of plastics is a common modification method. For example, CN117343527B discloses a low-warpage modified plastic and its preparation method. By precisely controlling the ratio and process, specific modification purposes can be achieved. However, before the modification treatment of recycled plastics, the proportion of different types of plastics in the recycled plastics cannot be determined, affecting the application of recycled plastics in the modification treatment stage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The core of this invention lies in sorting recycled plastics based on their melting point differences, thus solving the problem in existing technologies where the proportion of different plastic types in recycled plastics cannot be determined, affecting the modification treatment of recycled plastics.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0005] An integrated premixed modification treatment device for non-sorting mixed waste plastics includes a flotation tank, with a crushing hopper module and a floating material discharge module fixedly connected to both ends of the flotation tank, and a mixing and sorting module fixedly connected to the outlet end of the floating material discharge module. The mixing and sorting module includes three sorting tables that are equidistantly distributed from top to bottom. The three sorting tables are stacked one after the other. Both ends of the sorting tables are rotatably connected to conveyor rollers. A mesh conveyor belt is rotatably connected between two conveyor rollers. An electric heating plate is fixedly connected to the middle of the sorting table. The upper surface of the electric heating plate is in sliding contact with the mesh conveyor belt. A cold air pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the sorting table away from the flotation cell. Cold air holes are opened on both the upper and lower surfaces of the cold air pipe, and the cold air holes face the mesh conveyor belt. A centralized chute is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outlet end of the floating material discharge module. The centralized chute is located below the mixing and sorting module, and the top of the centralized chute is rotatably connected to the sorting table. The cleaning roller shaft is in rotatable contact with the bottom of the mesh conveyor belt near the flotation tank.

[0006] Furthermore, a wiping strip is fixedly connected to the outside of the cleaning roller. The wiping strip is inclined in the direction of the transmission of the mesh conveyor belt. The outer surface of the mesh conveyor belt is uniformly fixed with attachment protrusions. The wiping strip has grooves on the outside corresponding to the attachment protrusions.

[0007] Furthermore, a drive motor is fixedly connected to one end of the centralized chute, and the output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to one of the two conveying rollers.

[0008] Furthermore, both the conveyor roller and the cleaning roller shaft are fixedly connected to a linkage wheel at the end away from the drive motor, and a belt ring is sleeved between the two linkage wheels.

[0009] Optionally, guide baffles are fixedly connected to the top left and right ends of the mixing and sorting module, and a height limiting baffle is inserted between the two guide baffles. The height limiting baffle is located at the top of the sorting table at the end closest to the flotation cell.

[0010] Furthermore, an insulation board is fixedly connected to one end of the height-limiting baffle near the electric heating plate, and the insulation board is set parallel to the electric heating plate.

[0011] Furthermore, a fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the insulation board away from the height limit baffle. Multiple diverter plates are equidistantly rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed shaft, and the bottom end of the diverter plates contacts the upper surface of the mesh conveyor belt.

[0012] Furthermore, the cross-section of the flow divider is set in an arc shape, and the length of the flow divider is set alternately in sequence.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are: (1) The present invention heats the waste plastic fragments conveyed on the mesh conveyor belt by an electric heating plate. By utilizing the different melting points of waste plastics, the low melting point waste plastic fragments are heated and melted and adhered to the fine mesh of the mesh conveyor belt, while the high melting point waste plastic fragments remain in a solid state. The waste plastic fragments on the mesh conveyor belt are then cooled by air through the cold air holes on the cold air pipe. The molten waste plastic fragments that are bonded to the mesh conveyor belt cool and harden, which enhances the bonding stability between the low melting point waste plastic fragments and the mesh conveyor belt. At the junction of the two sorting tables, the high melting point waste plastic fragments fall directly to the top of the mesh conveyor belt on the next sorting table, while the low melting point waste plastic fragments continue to move with the mesh conveyor belt, thus realizing the separation of low melting point waste plastic fragments and high melting point waste plastic fragments. The recycled plastics after separation are easy to modify.

[0014] (2) The present invention uses a height-limiting baffle to block the waste plastic fragments sent to the sorting table, so that the waste plastic fragments can be evenly spread on the surface of the mesh conveyor belt, which facilitates the uniform heating of the waste plastic fragments on the mesh conveyor belt, thereby facilitating the melting and adhesion of low-melting-point waste plastic fragments to the mesh conveyor belt. The waste plastic fragments on the mesh conveyor belt come into contact with the diverting plate, and the diverting plate disturbs the waste plastic fragments transported on the mesh conveyor belt, separating the waste plastic fragments that are stuck together, effectively improving the differentiation effect between low-melting-point waste plastic fragments and high-melting-point waste plastic fragments. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mixing and sorting module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sorting table and mesh conveyor belt of the present invention in their separate states. Figure 4 This is a side cross-sectional view of the mixing and sorting module and the centralized chute of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a demonstration diagram showing the adhesion and bonding of low-melting-point waste plastic fragments to the mesh of a mesh conveyor belt according to the present invention. Figure 6 This is a bottom-view perspective structural diagram of the mixing and sorting module and the centralized chute of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a top-view perspective structural diagram of the mixing and sorting module and the centralized chute of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention with the height-limiting baffle installed. Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mesh conveyor belt and height-limiting baffle of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a side cross-sectional view of the mesh conveyor belt and height-limiting baffle of the present invention.

[0016] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Flotation tank, 101. Crushing hopper module, 102. Floating material discharge module, 2. Mixing and sorting module, 201. Sorting table, 202. Conveyor roller, 203. Mesh conveyor belt, 204. Electric heating plate, 205. Cold air duct, 206. Cold air hole, 207. Attachment protrusion, 3. Centralized chute, 301. Cleaning roller shaft, 302. Wiping strip, 303. Groove, 304. Drive motor, 305. Linkage wheel, 306. Belt ring, 4. Guide baffle, 401. Height limit baffle, 402. Insulation board, 403. Fixed shaft, 404. Diverter plate. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] First implementation method: Please see Figure 1 An integrated premixed modification treatment device for non-sorting mixed waste plastics includes a flotation tank 1 filled with water. Based on the different densities of the waste plastics, the waste plastic fragments sink and suspend in the flotation tank 1 to distinguish waste plastics of different densities. The two ends of the flotation tank 1 are respectively fixedly connected to a crushing hopper module 101 and a floating material discharge module 102. Different recycled plastics do not need to be sorted and are directly fed into the crushing hopper module 101 for crushing. The crushed plastic fragments enter the flotation tank 1, and the floating plastic fragments are retrieved and discharged through the floating material discharge module 102. The outlet end of the floating material discharge module 102 is fixedly connected to a mixing and sorting module 2. The plastic fragments retrieved by the floating material discharge module 102 are sent to the mixing and sorting module 2 for further sorting. This invention is mainly applied to the treatment of waste plastic bottles. Waste plastic bottles are mainly made of three types of plastics: the bottle body is made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), and the bottle cap is made of HDPE (high-density polyethylene) and PP (polypropylene). PET has a higher density than water, so PET fragments sink to the bottom of flotation tank 1. HDPE and PP have lower densities than water, and the density difference between the two is small, so HDPE and PP will float on the water. Therefore, HDPE fragments and PP fragments are retrieved by the float discharge module 102 and sent to the mixing and sorting module 2 for further sorting.

[0019] Please see Figures 2 to 5The mixing and sorting module 2 includes three sorting tables 201 evenly distributed from top to bottom. The three sorting tables 201 are stacked one end to the other. The three sorting tables 201 perform three sorting processes on the waste plastic fragments. Each end of the sorting table 201 is rotatably connected to a conveyor roller 202. A mesh conveyor belt 203 is rotatably connected between two conveyor rollers 202. The mesh conveyor belt 203 drives the waste plastic fragments to be transported on the sorting table 201. An electric motor is fixedly connected to the middle of the sorting table 201. Heating plate 204: The upper surface of electric heating plate 204 slides in contact with the perforated conveyor belt 203. The electric heating plate 204 heats the waste plastic fragments conveyed on the perforated conveyor belt 203. Utilizing the difference in melting points between the waste plastics (HDPE's melting point is 30°C lower than PP's), the lower-melting-point waste plastic fragments melt upon heating and adhere to the fine mesh of the perforated conveyor belt 203 (the molten plastic enters the mesh of the perforated conveyor belt 203, forming...). In a relatively stable plug-in state, the high-melting-point waste plastic fragments remain in a solid state. A cold air duct 205 is fixedly connected to the end of the sorting table 201 furthest from the flotation cell 1. Cold air holes 206 are provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the cold air duct 205, facing the mesh conveyor belt 203. Cold air is introduced into the cold air duct 205 and blown through the cold air holes 206 onto the mesh conveyor belt 203, cooling the waste plastic fragments. The molten waste plastic fragments combined with the mesh conveyor belt 203... As the fragments cool and harden, the bonding stability between the low-melting-point waste plastic fragments and the mesh conveyor belt 203 is enhanced. At the junction of the two sorting stations 201, the high-melting-point waste plastic fragments fall directly onto the top of the mesh conveyor belt 203 on the next sorting station 201, while the low-melting-point waste plastic fragments continue to move with the mesh conveyor belt 203, thus achieving the separation of low-melting-point waste plastic fragments from high-melting-point waste plastic fragments. Specifically, for waste plastic bottles, this achieves the separation of HDPE fragments from PP fragments. When the perforated conveyor belt 203 carries waste plastic fragments on the sorting table 201, the electric heating plate 204 heats the waste plastic fragments transported on the perforated conveyor belt 203. Utilizing the different melting points of the waste plastics, the low-melting-point waste plastic fragments melt and bond with the fine mesh of the perforated conveyor belt 203, while the high-melting-point waste plastic fragments remain solid. Cooling air is supplied to the waste plastic fragments on the perforated conveyor belt 203 through the cooling air holes 206 on the cooling air duct 205. The molten waste plastic fragments bonded to the perforated conveyor belt 203 cool and harden, strengthening the bonding stability between the low-melting-point waste plastic fragments and the perforated conveyor belt 203. At the junction of two sorting tables 201, the high-melting-point waste plastic fragments fall directly to the top of the perforated conveyor belt 203 on the next sorting table 201, while the low-melting-point waste plastic fragments continue to move with the perforated conveyor belt 203, thus achieving the separation of low-melting-point and high-melting-point waste plastic fragments. Figure 4As shown, 'a' represents high-melting-point waste plastic fragments, which eventually fall from the bottom sorting table 201. 'b' represents low-melting-point waste plastic fragments, which fall from the bottom of the sorting table 201 near the flotation cell 1. In the treatment of waste plastic bottles, the resulting low-melting-point waste plastic fragments are mainly HDPE with a small amount of PP. Compatibilizers are then added to prepare modified recycled plastics that are mainly HDPE and supplemented with PP. This type of modified plastic has a similar rigidity to pure HDPE and can replace some of the needs of pure HDPE. The resulting high-melting-point waste plastic fragments are mainly PP with a small amount of HDPE. Compatibilizers are then added to prepare modified recycled plastics that are mainly PP and supplemented with HDPE. This type of modified plastic has improved low-temperature impact resistance compared to pure PP.

[0020] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 A centralized chute 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outlet end of the floating material discharge module 102. The centralized chute 3 is located below the mixing and sorting module 2, and a cleaning roller 301 is rotatably connected to the top of the centralized chute 3 corresponding to the sorting table 201. The cleaning roller 301 rotates and contacts the bottom of the mesh conveyor belt 203 near the flotation tank 1. The cleaning roller 301 scrapes off the low-melting-point waste plastic fragments attached to the mesh conveyor belt 203. The fallen low-melting-point waste plastic fragments are collected by the centralized chute 3. A wiping strip 302 is fixedly connected to the outside of the cleaning roller 301. The wiping strip 302 faces the mesh conveyor belt 203. The transmission direction is inclined. The inclined wiping strip 302 is inserted between the mesh conveyor belt 203 and the low melting point waste plastic fragments, removing the low melting point waste plastic fragments from the surface of the mesh conveyor belt 203, effectively improving the scraping and cleaning ability of the cleaning roller 301. The outer surface of the mesh conveyor belt 203 is uniformly fixed with attachment protrusions 207. The attachment protrusions 207 effectively improve the adhesion and bonding ability between the low melting point waste plastic fragments and the mesh conveyor belt 203. The outer side of the wiping strip 302 is provided with a groove 303 corresponding to the attachment protrusions 207. The wiping strip 302 avoids direct contact with the attachment protrusions 207 through the groove 303. The mesh conveyor belt 203 carries the attached low-melting-point waste plastic fragments to the top of the centralized chute 3. The cleaning roller 301 rotates, causing the wiping strip 302 to insert between the mesh conveyor belt 203 and the low-melting-point waste plastic fragments, removing the low-melting-point waste plastic fragments from the surface of the mesh conveyor belt 203. This effectively improves the scraping and cleaning ability of the cleaning roller 301. The fallen low-melting-point waste plastic fragments are collected uniformly by the centralized chute 3.

[0021] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7A drive motor 304 is fixedly connected to one end of the centralized chute 3. The output end of the drive motor 304 is fixedly connected to one of the two conveyor rollers 202. The drive motor 304 drives the conveyor roller 202 to rotate, thereby realizing the transmission movement of the conveyor roller 202. The ends of the conveyor roller 202 and the cleaning roller shaft 301 away from the drive motor 304 are both fixedly connected to a linkage wheel 305. A belt ring 306 is sleeved between the two linkage wheels 305. The linkage wheel 305 and the belt ring 306 realize the linkage between the conveyor roller 202 and the cleaning roller shaft 301. The rotation directions of the conveyor roller 202 and the cleaning roller shaft 301 are the same, so that the cleaning roller shaft 301 faces the transmission direction of the mesh conveyor belt 203 and inserts the wiping strip 302 between the mesh conveyor belt 203 and the low melting point waste plastic fragments, effectively improving the effect of removing low melting point waste plastic fragments from the surface of the mesh conveyor belt 203.

[0022] Second implementation method: Compared to the first embodiment, the main additions are a height-limiting baffle 401 and a flow divider 404. The specific additions are as follows, while the remaining structures are the same as in the first embodiment.

[0023] Please see Figures 8 to 10 The top left and right ends of the mixing and sorting module 2 are fixedly connected to guide baffles 4. A height limiting baffle 401 is inserted between the two guide baffles 4. The height limiting baffle 401 is located at the top of the sorting table 201 near the flotation tank 1. The height limiting baffle 401 blocks the waste plastic fragments fed onto the sorting table 201, allowing the waste plastic fragments to be evenly spread on the surface of the mesh conveyor belt 203. A heat insulation plate 402 is fixedly connected to the end of the height limiting baffle 401 near the electric heating plate 204. The heat insulation plate 402 is set parallel to the electric heating plate 204. The heat insulation plate 402 insulates the part of the mesh conveyor belt 203 above the electric heating plate 204, effectively reducing heat loss and effectively improving the melting efficiency of low melting point waste plastic fragments. A fixed shaft 403 is fixedly connected to one end away from the height restriction baffle 401. Multiple diverter plates 404 are equidistantly rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed shaft 403. The diverter plates 404 are used to disturb the waste plastic fragments conveyed on the mesh conveyor belt 203, separating the waste plastic fragments that are stuck together (high melting point waste plastic fragments are stuck together with low melting point waste plastic fragments). The bottom end of the diverter plate 404 is in contact with the upper surface of the mesh conveyor belt 203. The cross-section of the diverter plate 404 is set in an arc shape, and the length of the diverter plate 404 is set alternately of long and short. By setting the length of the diverter plate 404 alternately, the waste plastic fragments that are not attached to the mesh conveyor belt 203 can pass through the left and right ends of the diverter plate 404 when the waste plastic fragments are disturbed. When waste plastic fragments are transported on the perforated conveyor belt 203, the height-limiting baffle 401 blocks the waste plastic fragments sent onto the sorting table 201, allowing the waste plastic fragments to be evenly spread on the surface of the perforated conveyor belt 203. This facilitates uniform heating of the waste plastic fragments on the perforated conveyor belt 203, thereby facilitating the melting and adhesion of low-melting-point waste plastic fragments to the perforated conveyor belt 203. The heat insulation plate 402 insulates the part of the perforated conveyor belt 203 above the electric heating plate 204, effectively reducing heat loss and thus improving the melting efficiency of low-melting-point waste plastic fragments. After the plastic fragments have cooled, the waste plastic fragments on the perforated conveyor belt 203 come into contact with the diverting plate 404. The diverting plate 404 agitates the waste plastic fragments transported on the perforated conveyor belt 203, separating the mutually adhering waste plastic fragments and effectively improving the differentiation effect between low-melting-point and high-melting-point waste plastic fragments.

[0024] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; it encompasses all the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solutions and improved concepts of the present invention, should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-sorting mixed waste plastic pre-mixed modified integrated treatment equipment, comprising a flotation tank (1), characterized in that: The two ends of the flotation tank (1) are respectively fixedly connected to a crushing hopper module (101) and a floating material discharge module (102), and the outlet end of the floating material discharge module (102) is fixedly connected to a mixing and sorting module (2). The mixing and sorting module (2) includes three sorting platforms (201) evenly distributed from top to bottom. The three sorting platforms (201) are stacked one after the other. Both ends of the sorting platform (201) are rotatably connected to conveyor rollers (202). A mesh conveyor belt (203) is rotatably connected between two of the conveyor rollers (202). An electric heating plate (204) is fixedly connected to the middle of the sorting platform (201). The upper surface of the electric heating plate (204) is in sliding contact with the mesh conveyor belt (203). A cold air pipe (205) is fixedly connected to the end of the sorting platform (201) away from the flotation tank (1). Cold air holes (206) are opened on both the upper and lower surfaces of the cold air pipe (205). The cold air holes (206) face the mesh conveyor belt (203). The bottom of the outlet end of the floating material discharge module (102) is fixedly connected to a centralized chute (3). The centralized chute (3) is located below the mixing and sorting module (2). The top of the centralized chute (3) is rotatably connected to the sorting table (201). The cleaning roller (301) is in rotatable contact with the bottom of the mesh conveyor belt (203) near the flotation tank (1). The top left and right ends of the mixing and sorting module (2) are fixedly connected with guide baffles (4), and a height limiting baffle (401) is inserted between the two guide baffles (4). The height limiting baffle (401) is located at the top of the sorting table (201) near the flotation cell (1). The height limiting baffle (401) is fixedly connected to an insulation board (402) at one end near the electric heating plate (204), and the insulation board (402) is arranged parallel to the electric heating plate (204); The insulation board (402) is fixedly connected to a fixed shaft (403) at one end away from the height limit baffle (401). Multiple diverter plates (404) are rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed shaft (403) at equal intervals. The bottom end of the diverter plate (404) is in contact with the upper surface of the mesh conveyor belt (203). The cross-section of the flow divider (404) is arranged in an arc shape, and the lengths of the flow divider (404) are arranged alternately in order of length.

2. The mixed waste plastic pre-mixed modified integrated treatment equipment without sorting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning roller (301) is fixedly connected to the outside of a wiping strip (302). The wiping strip (302) is inclined in the direction of the transmission of the mesh conveyor belt (203). The outer surface of the mesh conveyor belt (203) is uniformly fixedly distributed with attachment protrusions (207). The wiping strip (302) has a groove (303) on the outside corresponding to the attachment protrusions (207).

3. The mixed waste plastic pre-mixed modified integrated treatment equipment without sorting according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the centralized chute (3) is fixedly connected to a drive motor (304), and the output end of the drive motor (304) is fixedly connected to one of the two conveying rollers (202).

4. The mixed waste plastic pre-mixed modified integrated treatment equipment without sorting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conveyor roller (202) and the cleaning roller shaft (301) are both fixedly connected to a linkage wheel (305) at the end away from the drive motor (304), and a belt ring (306) is sleeved between the two linkage wheels (305).

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