A method and system for testing and evaluating the performance of a gear
Through multiple rounds of speed scanning tests and data correlation analysis, the problem of environmental factors affecting the vibration evaluation of gear transmission systems was solved, and accurate testing of gear transmission performance was achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- YOUJI TECH (SHANGHAI) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-19
Smart Images
Figure CN121954469B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of gear testing technology, and more specifically, to a method and system for testing and evaluating gear transmission performance. Background Technology
[0002] Gear transmission systems are widely used in automobiles, electric drive devices, and other mechanical equipment. The vibration characteristics generated during their operation can reflect information such as gear meshing state, structural stiffness, and assembly state. Currently, the vibration response of gear transmission systems is not only affected by the gear meshing state but also by various environmental factors, such as changes in lubricating oil temperature, lubricating oil viscosity, and bearing preload. When the lubricating oil temperature increases, the lubricating oil viscosity changes, thereby altering the friction characteristics during gear meshing. When the lubricating oil viscosity changes, the gear meshing damping and lubrication state also change accordingly. These environmental factors change continuously over time during the testing process. When conducting vibration evaluation, the lack of processing for vibration differences under different environmental conditions makes it difficult for the test results to accurately reflect the actual operating state of the gear transmission system.
[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to design a testing and evaluation method and system for gear transmission performance to solve the problems existing in the current technology. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a test and evaluation method and system for gear transmission performance, which aims to solve the problem that environmental factors change continuously over time during the test process, and the vibration differences generated under different environmental conditions are not processed, making it difficult for the test results to accurately reflect the actual operating state of the gear transmission system.
[0005] In one aspect, the present invention proposes a method for testing and evaluating the performance of gear transmissions, comprising:
[0006] At least three speed scanning tests were conducted within the speed range. During each speed scanning test, vibration signals, speed signals, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data were collected simultaneously. The vibration signals and speed signals were mapped to the speed coordinates according to the sampling time to determine the vibration amplitude of several rounds.
[0007] The rotational speed range is divided into several continuous rotational speed intervals based on the rotational speed interval. Within each rotational speed interval, the vibration amplitude corresponding to several cycles is extracted. Simultaneously, the oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data corresponding to each rotational speed interval are extracted. Based on the association rule algorithm, the extracted vibration amplitude, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data are associated to determine the environmental state-vibration combination data group.
[0008] The vibration amplitudes in all environmental state-vibration combination data sets are grouped by environmental state, and sorted based on the magnitude of vibration amplitude within each environmental state group to determine stable vibration samples. The stable vibration samples of each environmental state group within the same speed range are cross-compared to determine the range of vibration amplitudes that appear in different environmental states as the environmental stable vibration range.
[0009] The environmental stable vibration range of each speed range is determined sequentially along the rotational speed direction. The gear vibration distribution result is determined based on the environmental stable vibration range of each speed range, and the gear vibration distribution result is used as the test evaluation result of gear transmission performance.
[0010] Furthermore, during the speed scanning test within the speed range, the following steps are taken: a vibration acceleration sensor is installed on the gearbox housing, a speed encoder is installed on the input shaft, an oil temperature sensor and an oil viscosity sensor are installed in the lubricating oil circulation channel, and a displacement sensor is installed on the bearing housing, to simultaneously collect vibration signals, speed signals, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data.
[0011] Furthermore, in determining the vibration amplitude of several rounds, the process includes: performing time alignment processing on the collected vibration signal and rotation speed signal based on the sampling time, determining the corresponding rotation speed value at each sampling moment, and mapping the rotation speed value and vibration signal based on the sampling time; determining the rotation speed change between adjacent sampling moments based on the pulse signal output by the rotation speed encoder; determining the rotation speed position corresponding to each sampling moment in the rotation speed coordinate; extracting the instantaneous amplitude of the corresponding vibration signal at the rotation speed position; determining the instantaneous amplitude of all sampling points; recording the rotation speed position and corresponding instantaneous amplitude of all sampling points during the same rotation speed scan; determining the vibration amplitude based on the recording results; and determining the vibration amplitude of several rounds according to the rotation speed scan test rounds.
[0012] Furthermore, when dividing the speed range based on the speed interval, the process includes: dividing the speed range into several continuous speed ranges based on the preset speed interval; extracting the vibration amplitude in each speed range and the corresponding oil temperature data, oil viscosity data and bearing axial displacement data at the sampling time based on the speed scanning test cycle; and determining the range dataset.
[0013] Furthermore, when determining the environmental state-vibration combination data set, the following steps are taken: the oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data in the interval dataset are used as environmental state items, and the vibration amplitude in the interval dataset is used as the associated object.
[0014] Furthermore, in determining the environmental state-vibration combination data set, the method further includes: determining several candidate itemsets based on the Eclat algorithm, determining frequent itemsets based on the support of the candidate itemsets, and determining the environmental state-vibration combination data set for the associated object based on the frequent itemsets.
[0015] Furthermore, when determining stable vibration samples, the process includes: classifying each environmental state-vibration combination data group based on the combination relationship of the environmental state items; dividing environmental state-vibration combination data groups with the same oil temperature range, the same oil viscosity range, and the same bearing axial displacement range into the same environmental state group; sorting all vibration amplitudes within each environmental state group based on amplitude size; and selecting the vibration amplitude in the middle range as the stable vibration sample.
[0016] Furthermore, in determining the stable vibration range of the environment, the process includes: extracting stable vibration samples corresponding to all environmental state groups within the same rotational speed range, arranging the stable vibration samples in each environmental state group, and performing overlap analysis among all environmental state groups. If the stable vibration samples of multiple environmental state groups overlap, the overlapping range is determined as the vibration amplitude range that occurs in different environmental states within the rotational speed range, and the vibration amplitude range is determined as the stable vibration range of the environment.
[0017] Furthermore, in determining the test evaluation results, the process includes: sequentially acquiring the environmental stable vibration ranges of each rotational speed range along the rotational speed direction, arranging the environmental stable vibration ranges according to the rotational speed sequence, connecting the environmental stable vibration ranges between adjacent rotational speed ranges, determining the vibration amplitude distribution segment, determining the gear vibration distribution result based on the vibration amplitude distribution segment, and using the gear vibration distribution result as the test evaluation result of the gear transmission performance.
[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: By conducting at least three rounds of speed scanning tests within the speed range, and simultaneously acquiring vibration signals, speed signals, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data during each round of speed scanning, it can comprehensively cover multi-dimensional operating condition data of gear operation. Simultaneously, multiple rounds of testing can avoid the random errors of single tests. By combining sampling time to map vibration signals and speed signals to speed coordinates to determine the vibration amplitude of several rounds, data integrity is ensured. Based on the speed interval, several continuous speed ranges are divided, corresponding multi-dimensional data are extracted, and environmental state-vibration combination data groups are determined through association rule algorithms. It can establish a correlation between dynamically fluctuating oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, bearing axial displacement data and vibration amplitude, clarify the influence of various environmental factors on gear vibration response, group and sort the environmental state-vibration combination data set to screen stable vibration samples, and cross-compare to determine the environmental stable vibration range. It can specifically handle vibration differences under different environmental conditions, lock in common stable vibration characteristics that are not affected by environmental changes, integrate the environmental stable vibration range of each speed range along the speed direction, and eliminate the interference of environmental factors such as lubricating oil temperature, oil viscosity, and bearing axial displacement, so that the test evaluation results can accurately reflect the actual operating state of the gear transmission system.
[0019] On the other hand, this application also provides a testing and evaluation system for gear transmission performance, used to apply the above-mentioned testing and evaluation method for gear transmission performance, including:
[0020] The acquisition unit is configured to perform at least three rounds of speed scanning tests within the speed range, and to simultaneously acquire vibration signals, speed signals, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data and bearing axial displacement data during each round of speed scanning. The vibration signals and speed signals are mapped to the speed coordinates according to the sampling time to determine the vibration amplitude of several rounds.
[0021] The analysis unit is configured to divide the speed range into several continuous speed intervals based on the speed interval, extract the vibration amplitude corresponding to several cycles in each speed interval, and simultaneously extract the oil temperature data, oil viscosity data and bearing axial displacement data corresponding to each speed interval. Based on the association rule algorithm, the extracted vibration amplitude, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data and bearing axial displacement data are associated to determine the environmental state-vibration combination data group.
[0022] The processing unit is configured to group the vibration amplitudes in all environmental state-vibration combination data sets according to environmental state, sort them within each environmental state group based on the magnitude of the vibration amplitude, determine stable vibration samples, and cross-compare the stable vibration samples of each environmental state group within the same speed range to determine the range of vibration amplitudes that appear in different environmental states as the environmental stable vibration range.
[0023] The evaluation unit is configured to sequentially determine the environmental stable vibration range of each speed range along the rotational speed direction, determine the gear vibration distribution result based on the environmental stable vibration range of each speed range, and use the gear vibration distribution result as the test evaluation result of the gear transmission performance.
[0024] It is understandable that the above-mentioned test and evaluation method and system for gear transmission performance have the same beneficial effects, and will not be elaborated further here. Attached Figure Description
[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0026] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for testing and evaluating gear transmission performance, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 2 This is a functional block diagram of a gear transmission performance testing and evaluation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0029] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0030] See Figure 1 As shown in some embodiments of this application, a method for testing and evaluating gear transmission performance includes:
[0031] S100: Conduct at least three rounds of speed scanning tests within the speed range, and simultaneously collect vibration signals, speed signals, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data and bearing axial displacement data during each round of speed scanning. Based on the sampling time, map the vibration signals and speed signals to the speed coordinates to determine the vibration amplitude of several rounds.
[0032] S200: Based on the rotational speed interval, the rotational speed range is divided into several continuous rotational speed intervals. Within each rotational speed interval, the vibration amplitude corresponding to several cycles is extracted. Simultaneously, the oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data corresponding to each rotational speed interval are extracted. Based on the association rule algorithm, the extracted vibration amplitude, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data are associated to determine the environmental state-vibration combination data group.
[0033] S300: Group the vibration amplitudes in all environmental state-vibration combination data sets according to environmental state, sort them based on the magnitude of vibration amplitude within each environmental state group, determine stable vibration samples, and cross-compare the stable vibration samples of each environmental state group within the same speed range to determine the range of vibration amplitudes that appear in different environmental states as the environmental stable vibration range.
[0034] S400: Determine the environmental stable vibration range for each speed range sequentially along the rotational speed direction, determine the gear vibration distribution result based on the environmental stable vibration range for each speed range, and use the gear vibration distribution result as the test evaluation result of gear transmission performance.
[0035] Specifically, the speed range refers to the speed intervals involved in the actual operation of the gear transmission system, covering its lowest to highest operating speed. The speed scan test is a test process that gradually increases the speed of the gear transmission system from its lowest to its highest speed, based on the speed change law of the gear transmission system. No less than three speed scan tests mean that the process needs to be repeated at least three times to reduce the error caused by accidental factors in a single test. The vibration signal is the electrical signal converted from the vibration generated by gear meshing and bearing operation during the gear transmission process, which can reflect the operating status of the gear transmission. The speed signal is the signal of the operating speed of the gear transmission system. The oil temperature data is the temperature information of the lubricating oil in the gear transmission system. The oil viscosity data is the information related to the ease of lubricating oil flow, which directly affects the lubrication effect of gear meshing. The bearing axial displacement data is the information on the position change of the bearing in the axial direction, which can reflect the preload state of the bearing. The sampling time is the time node for collecting various signals and data, which is used to achieve the corresponding matching of different types of data. The speed coordinate is a time-speed value coordinate system, which is used to intuitively present the relationship between time and speed value. The vibration amplitude is the intensity of the vibration signal and is the core indicator reflecting the severity of gear vibration.At least three rounds of speed sweep tests were conducted within the specified speed range. During each round of speed sweep tests, vibration signals generated by the gear transmission system during operation, speed signals characterizing the operating speed, lubricating oil temperature data, lubricating oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data were simultaneously collected. Every sampling time point was strictly recorded during the data acquisition process. Based on the sampling time, the vibration signals collected at the same time point were correlated with the speed signals, and these correlations were mapped onto a speed coordinate system. By analyzing the mapped vibration signals from each round of speed sweep tests, the vibration amplitude corresponding to each round of tests was determined, thus completing the acquisition of vibration amplitudes across multiple rounds and eliminating single-shot vibrations. The experiment mitigates the impact of accidental factors (such as instantaneous voltage fluctuations and sudden changes in ambient temperature) on the test data. Synchronous acquisition of multi-dimensional data and mapping through sampling time ensures a precise correlation between vibration amplitude and the actual operating speed of the gear, avoiding deviations in vibration amplitude judgment due to data asynchrony. The speed intervals are pre-set to divide the speed range into several continuous speed intervals, i.e., several continuous and non-overlapping speed segments. The environmental state-vibration combined data set is a dataset formed by associating environmentally relevant data with vibration amplitude. The environmentally relevant data includes oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data. The environmental state grouping is... Based on the differences in environmental data, the environmental state-vibration combination data sets are divided into different groups. Environmental states within the same group are consistent. Stable vibration samples are data within the same environmental state group that exhibit relatively stable vibration amplitudes and reflect the normal transmission state of the gears. The environmental stable vibration range is the range of vibration amplitudes that appears in stable vibration samples from different environmental state groups within the same speed range, reflecting the common characteristics of gear vibration under different environmental conditions. The gear vibration distribution result is formed by arranging the environmental stable vibration ranges of each speed range sequentially along the speed direction, resulting in a reflection of the gear's vibration pattern throughout the entire speed range. The set rotational speed interval divides the entire rotational speed range into several continuous rotational speed intervals. Within each rotational speed interval, all vibration amplitude values corresponding to at least three previous rotational speed scanning tests are extracted. Simultaneously, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data corresponding to each sampling moment within the rotational speed interval are extracted. Based on the association rule algorithm, the extracted vibration amplitude values are correlated with the corresponding oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data to uncover the intrinsic relationship between the four, thereby determining multiple environmental state-vibration combination data sets. This clarifies the influence of environmental factors on gear vibration and avoids test result deviations caused by differences in environmental factors.
[0036] Understandably, the vibration amplitudes in all environmental state-vibration combination data sets are grouped according to environmental state. This means grouping data sets with similar or identical oil temperature, oil viscosity, and bearing axial displacement data into the same environmental state group. Within each environmental state group, all vibration amplitudes are sorted and filtered to identify those reflecting the gear transmission state as stable vibration samples. Within the same speed range, the stable vibration samples from each environmental state group are cross-compared to find the range of vibration amplitudes present in all stable vibration samples, thus determining the environmental stable vibration interval. The environmental stable vibration intervals for each speed range are then determined sequentially along the speed direction. These intervals are then integrated to form a gear vibration distribution result that reflects the vibration pattern of the gear throughout the entire speed range. This gear vibration distribution result is then used as the basis for evaluating gear transmission performance. By dividing the speed range, it is possible to accurately analyze the vibration performance of gears at different speed ranges, avoiding omissions of details due to overall analysis. Based on the association rule algorithm, multi-dimensional environmental data and vibration data are linked, which can clarify the influence of environmental factors on gear vibration and avoid abnormal vibration amplitude caused by differences in environmental factors. Furthermore, cross-comparison can obtain the common characteristics of gear vibration under different environmental conditions, avoiding the one-sidedness of results caused by single environmental condition testing. The final gear vibration distribution results can comprehensively and accurately reflect the actual operating state of the gear transmission system, ensuring the reliability of accurate evaluation of gear transmission performance.
[0037] In some embodiments of this application, when performing a speed scanning test within the speed range, the method includes: setting a vibration acceleration sensor on the gearbox housing, setting a speed encoder on the input shaft, setting an oil temperature sensor and an oil viscosity sensor in the lubricating oil circulation channel, and setting a displacement sensor on the bearing seat, and simultaneously collecting vibration signals, speed signals, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data.
[0038] Specifically, the gearbox housing is the external shell structure that encloses the gear transmission meshing components. The vibration acceleration sensor converts the vibration acceleration generated by the gear operation into a corresponding electrical signal, thereby accurately capturing the vibration intensity. The input shaft is the shaft in the gear transmission system that receives external power input and drives the gears to rotate. The speed encoder is installed on the shaft and accurately feeds back the actual operating speed of the shaft through pulse signals. The lubricating oil circulation channel is a channel structure inside the gearbox for the circulation of lubricating oil and to achieve continuous lubrication of the gear meshing parts. The oil temperature sensor can sense the lubricating oil temperature in real time and output the corresponding oil temperature data. The oil viscosity sensor can detect the viscosity state of the lubricating oil and output the corresponding oil viscosity data. The bearing housing is a base structure used to fix and support the bearing and ensure the stable operation of the bearing. The displacement sensor is installed in this part and can accurately detect the axial position change of the bearing and output the axial displacement data of the bearing. During the speed scanning test within the specified speed range, various specialized sensors were deployed. Vibration acceleration sensors were fixedly installed on the gearbox housing, utilizing the vibration transmission characteristics of the housing to capture the vibrations generated by gear meshing and bearing operation, thereby acquiring the corresponding vibration signals in real time. A speed encoder was installed on the input shaft, rotating synchronously with the input shaft to accurately acquire the input shaft's speed signal. Oil temperature and oil viscosity sensors were installed inside the lubricating oil circulation channel, allowing the sensors to directly contact the flowing lubricating oil and acquire real-time data on oil temperature and viscosity. Displacement sensors were installed at the bearing housing, aligned with the axial position of the bearing, to acquire real-time data on the bearing's axial displacement. All sensors were activated synchronously to ensure the consistency of data acquisition time.
[0039] In some embodiments of this application, determining the vibration amplitude of several rounds includes: performing time alignment processing on the collected vibration signal and rotation speed signal based on the sampling time, determining the corresponding rotation speed value at each sampling moment, and mapping the rotation speed value and vibration signal based on the sampling time; determining the rotation speed change between adjacent sampling moments based on the pulse signal output by the rotation speed encoder, and determining the rotation speed position corresponding to each sampling moment in the rotation speed coordinate; extracting the instantaneous amplitude of the corresponding vibration signal at the rotation speed position, and determining the instantaneous amplitude of all sampling points; recording the rotation speed position and corresponding instantaneous amplitude of all sampling points during the same rotation speed scan, and determining the vibration amplitude based on the recording results; and determining the vibration amplitude of several rounds according to the rotation speed scan test rounds.
[0040] Specifically, in determining the vibration amplitude across several rounds, the vibration and speed signals acquired in the previous stages are first time-aligned based on the sampling time. Vibration and speed signals from different acquisition channels are matched and calibrated according to a unified sampling time node to reduce time deviations caused by sensor acquisition delays. This ensures that the vibration and speed signals at each sampling moment are perfectly matched in the time dimension. Then, for each independent sampling moment, the corresponding speed value is precisely determined. The speed value is the actual operating speed of the input shaft of the gear transmission system at a single sampling moment. The speed value is bound to the vibration signal one-to-one based on the sampling time, preventing signal-speed decoupling. The pulse signal is generated by the speed encoder following the input shaft's rotation. The periodic electrical signal output at specific times, based on the pulse signal output by the speed encoder, accurately calculates the speed change between adjacent sampling moments, clarifying the dynamic trend of speed change. Then, the speed values corresponding to each sampling moment are marked on the speed coordinate system. At each determined speed position, the instantaneous amplitude of the corresponding vibration signal is extracted. The instantaneous amplitude of all sampling points is determined sequentially. A sampling point is a complete signal acquisition and recording unit corresponding to each sampling moment, containing both speed and vibration signal information. Subsequently, the speed position and corresponding instantaneous amplitude of all sampling points during the same speed scan are completely recorded. The instantaneous amplitude is the immediate intensity value of the vibration signal at a single sampling moment, reflecting the instantaneous intensity of gear vibration at that moment. Based on this complete record and by analyzing the correspondence between speed and vibration in this test, the vibration amplitude corresponding to this speed scan test is determined. The vibration amplitude is the result of the speed position and the corresponding instantaneous amplitude. Following the previously conducted speed scanning test cycles, the operation was repeated sequentially to determine the vibration amplitude corresponding to each test cycle, ultimately obtaining vibration amplitude values for several cycles. Time alignment processing can reduce signal matching errors caused by sensor acquisition delays, ensuring the accuracy of the correspondence between speed and vibration signals. By relying on pulse signals to determine speed changes, the vibration change pattern of a single speed scan can be completely restored. This provides a complete basis for subsequent multi-cycle data comparison and elimination of random errors in a single test, while also ensuring that the determination of vibration amplitude values perfectly matches the actual operating state of the gears, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of vibration amplitude data.
[0041] In some embodiments of this application, when dividing the speed range based on the speed interval, the method includes: dividing the speed range into several continuous speed ranges based on the preset speed interval, extracting the vibration amplitude in each speed range and the oil temperature data, oil viscosity data and bearing axial displacement data at the corresponding sampling time based on the speed scanning test cycle, and determining the range dataset.
[0042] Specifically, let's first explain each of the new terms in this section: Preset speed interval refers to a standard that is set in advance to divide the overall speed range, taking into account the operating characteristics of the gear transmission system, the test accuracy requirements, and the overall requirements of the speed scanning test. Continuous speed interval is a series of independent speed segments formed after dividing the overall speed range according to the preset speed interval. All intervals can be arranged in sequence to completely cover the entire speed range. The interval dataset is a unique and complete dataset formed by integrating the vibration amplitude corresponding to all speed scanning test cycles within a single continuous speed interval, as well as the oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data matched at each sampling time within the interval. Based on the pre-set preset speed intervals, the overall speed range determined in the early stage is normalized and divided into several continuous speed intervals. This ensures that the entire speed range is completely divided without gaps or overlaps, and that each speed point can be assigned to the corresponding speed interval. After the speed interval division is completed, combined with all the speed scanning test rounds carried out in the early stage, for each independent continuous speed interval, the vibration amplitude corresponding to all sampling points in the interval is extracted one by one. At the same time, the oil temperature data, oil viscosity data and bearing axial displacement data corresponding to these sampling times are extracted simultaneously. The data from all rounds of speed scanning tests within the same continuous speed interval are uniformly collected, and finally, a dedicated interval dataset corresponding to each continuous speed interval is formed. By dividing continuous speed ranges into preset speed intervals, the broad overall speed range can be broken down into refined independent analysis units. This avoids the ambiguity of vibration characteristics and environmental factors in local speed ranges caused by general analysis of the entire speed range. As a result, the gear transmission operating characteristics of different speed ranges can be accurately identified. Multi-dimensional data from multiple rounds of tests can be extracted and integrated into interval datasets. This ensures a one-to-one correspondence between vibration amplitude and various environmental data within the same speed range, and further reduces data fluctuations caused by accidental factors in a single test, thus ensuring the stability of the interval datasets.
[0043] In some embodiments of this application, when determining the environmental state-vibration combination data set, the following steps are included: taking the oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data in the interval dataset as environmental state items, and taking the vibration amplitude in the interval dataset as associated objects.
[0044] In some embodiments of this application, when determining the environmental state-vibration combination data set, the method further includes: determining several candidate itemsets based on the Eclat algorithm, determining frequent itemsets based on the support of the candidate itemsets, and determining the environmental state-vibration combination data set about the associated object based on the frequent itemsets.
[0045] Specifically, the environmental state item is the core data in the interval dataset that directly reflects the operating environment conditions of the gear transmission system, namely oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data. It is the core indicator characterizing the operating environment state. When determining the environmental state-vibration combination data set, the oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data in the interval dataset are defined as environmental state items. At the same time, the vibration amplitude within the same interval is set as the associated object, and a clear association analysis framework is built. The Eclat algorithm is used to perform a comprehensive traversal operation on the environmental state items and associated objects to generate several candidate item sets. Then, according to the support of each candidate item set, invalid candidate item sets with low frequency and no practical reference value are eliminated, thereby retaining the frequent item sets that meet the association requirements. Based on the filtered frequent item sets, the environmental state-vibration combination data set corresponding to the associated objects is formed. Clearly defining the classification of environmental state items and associated objects in advance can avoid logical confusion in subsequent association analysis and ensure the relevance of data association. The Eclat algorithm can efficiently process interval datasets formed by multiple rounds of experiments, avoid the errors and inefficiencies of manual association, and filter frequent itemsets through support to eliminate invalid data combinations caused by random factors, while retaining stable combinations that truly reflect the correlation between environmental state and vibration amplitude, thus ensuring the reliability of environmental state-vibration combination data sets.
[0046] In some embodiments of this application, determining stable vibration samples includes: classifying each environmental state-vibration combination data group based on the combination relationship of environmental state items, dividing environmental state-vibration combination data groups with the same oil temperature range, the same oil viscosity range, and the same bearing axial displacement range into the same environmental state group, sorting all vibration amplitudes in each environmental state group based on amplitude size, and selecting the vibration amplitude in the middle range as a stable vibration sample.
[0047] Specifically, the oil temperature range is a continuous interval of oil temperature data divided according to its numerical range, used to accurately distinguish different oil temperature environmental conditions. The oil viscosity range is a continuous interval of oil viscosity data divided according to its numerical range, used to accurately distinguish different oil viscosity environmental conditions. The bearing axial displacement range is a continuous interval of bearing axial displacement data divided according to its numerical range, used to accurately distinguish different bearing axial displacement environmental conditions. The oil temperature range, oil viscosity range, and bearing axial displacement range can be dynamically divided based on the actual data of each gear transmission system. The environmental state group is an independent data group formed after classification, in which all environmental state-vibration combination data groups have consistent environmental conditions. The vibration amplitude of the middle interval is the data in the middle section after all vibration amplitudes in the environmental state group are sorted by magnitude, usually about 30% of the middle data of the entire interval. Based on the combination relationship of environmental state items, all environmental state-vibration combination data groups are systematically classified and divided, and combination data groups with matching environmental parameters are selected. Environmental condition-vibration combination data groups with identical oil temperature range, identical oil viscosity range, and identical bearing axial displacement range are uniformly merged and divided into the same environmental condition group. This ensures that the operating environment conditions within the same group are completely consistent, eliminating vibration data interference caused by environmental differences. After completing the environmental condition group division, for each independent environmental condition group, all vibration amplitudes contained in the group are ordered in sequence according to their amplitude values, fully revealing the distribution pattern of vibration amplitudes within the group. Then, vibration amplitudes in the middle range are selected as stable vibration samples from all sorted vibration amplitudes, discarding extreme amplitude data. By ordering the vibration amplitudes within the group, the amplitude distribution pattern can be clearly presented. Selecting amplitudes in the middle range as stable vibration samples eliminates abnormal data caused by accidental factors such as instantaneous fluctuations of equipment and external interference in single tests, retaining the vibration amplitudes that are most representative and best fit the actual stable operating state of the gears, avoiding abnormal data from interfering with the accuracy of subsequent performance evaluation results.
[0048] In some embodiments of this application, determining the stable vibration range of the environment includes: extracting stable vibration samples corresponding to all environmental state groups within the same rotational speed range, arranging the stable vibration samples in each environmental state group, and performing overlap analysis among all environmental state groups. If the stable vibration samples of multiple environmental state groups overlap, the overlapping range is determined as the vibration amplitude range that occurs in different environmental states within the rotational speed range, and the vibration amplitude range is determined as the stable vibration range of the environment.
[0049] Specifically, the overlapping interval is the vibration amplitude segment where the amplitude ranges of stable vibration samples from multiple different environmental state groups overlap and are jointly covered. Focusing on a single independent speed range, all stable vibration samples corresponding to the divided environmental state groups within that speed range are completely extracted to ensure coverage of vibration data for all differentiated environmental conditions at that speed. The stable vibration samples corresponding to each environmental state group are then arranged in a regular manner to clearly present the vibration amplitude distribution range corresponding to each group of stable vibration samples. For all the arranged stable vibration samples, overlap analysis is performed among all environmental state groups, comparing the overlap of amplitude intervals of each group of samples one by one to determine whether there is an overlap in amplitude ranges between the stable vibration samples of multiple environmental state groups. When a clear overlapping interval is determined, the overlapping interval is defined as the vibration amplitude range that appears in different environmental states within that speed range. Finally, this common vibration amplitude range is determined as the environmental stable vibration interval corresponding to that speed range. Extracting stable vibration samples from all environmental conditions within the same speed range comprehensively covers various working conditions at that speed, avoiding the bias of testing caused by a single data sample. It also fully preserves all vibration characteristics of that speed range and accurately isolates specific vibration deviations caused by fluctuations in various environmental factors, screening out the inherent vibration range of the gear. This avoids the risk of test result distortion caused by environmental interference. Only the overlapping range of each group of samples is defined as the environmental stable vibration range, ensuring that the vibration amplitude within this range is the inherent performance of the gear at that speed, thereby ensuring the reliability of the performance evaluation results.
[0050] In some embodiments of this application, determining the test evaluation results includes: sequentially acquiring the environmental stable vibration intervals of each rotation speed range along the rotation speed direction, arranging each environmental stable vibration interval according to the rotation speed order, connecting each environmental stable vibration interval between adjacent rotation speed ranges, determining the vibration amplitude distribution segment, determining the gear vibration distribution result based on the vibration amplitude distribution segment, and using the gear vibration distribution result as the test evaluation result of the gear transmission performance.
[0051] Specifically, the rotational speed direction is the direction in which the rotational speed range of the gear transmission system continuously progresses from the beginning; the rotational speed sequence is the order in which each continuous rotational speed interval is arranged according to the natural change in rotational speed; and the vibration amplitude distribution segment is a continuous, uninterrupted vibration amplitude segment covering the entire rotational speed range, formed by orderly arranging and connecting the environmental stable vibration intervals of each rotational speed interval. The gear vibration distribution result fully presents the inherent stable vibration law of the gear throughout the entire rotational speed range. When determining the test evaluation results, firstly, along the predetermined rotational speed direction, the environmental stable vibration intervals corresponding to all rotational speed intervals are retrieved and obtained sequentially to ensure complete coverage of the entire rotational speed range. Then, the environmental stable vibration intervals corresponding to all rotational speed intervals are arranged in an orderly manner according to the rotational speed sequence to ensure consistency between the arrangement and the actual rotational speed rise and fall law of the gear. After the arrangement is completed, the environmental stable vibration intervals between adjacent rotational speed intervals are connected to form a complete and continuous vibration amplitude distribution segment. Then, based on the vibration amplitude distribution segment, the stable vibration amplitude law of the gear throughout the entire rotational speed range is sorted and integrated to finally determine the gear vibration distribution result, and this gear vibration distribution result is directly used as the test evaluation result of the gear transmission performance. Acquiring data sequentially along the rotational speed direction and arranging it in order of rotational speed ensures that the arrangement logic of stable vibration data across the entire speed range closely matches the actual working conditions. Connecting adjacent intervals forms a continuous vibration amplitude distribution segment, completely restoring the overall picture of stable vibration across the entire speed range of the gear, without severing the vibration correlation characteristics between different speed ranges. It intuitively presents the overall vibration distribution law, and the final gear vibration distribution result eliminates the interference of environmental factors such as oil temperature, oil viscosity, and bearing axial displacement, retaining only the inherent transmission vibration characteristics of the gear itself, thereby ensuring the reliability of the performance evaluation results.
[0052] In summary, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By conducting at least three rounds of speed scanning tests within the speed range, and simultaneously acquiring vibration signals, speed signals, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data during each round of speed scanning, it can comprehensively cover multi-dimensional operating condition data of gear operation. Simultaneously, multiple rounds of testing can avoid the random errors of single tests. By combining sampling time to map vibration signals and speed signals to a speed coordinate system to determine the vibration amplitude of several rounds, data integrity is ensured. Based on the speed interval, several continuous speed ranges are divided, corresponding multi-dimensional data are extracted, and environmental state-vibration combination data groups are determined through an association rule algorithm. By establishing a correlation between dynamically fluctuating oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, bearing axial displacement data, and vibration amplitude, the influence of various environmental factors on gear vibration response is clarified. The environmental state-vibration combination data group is grouped and sorted to screen stable vibration samples, and cross-comparison is performed to determine the environmental stable vibration range. This approach can specifically address vibration differences under different environmental conditions, lock in common stable vibration characteristics that are not affected by environmental changes, and integrate the environmental stable vibration ranges of each speed range along the speed direction. This can eliminate the interference of environmental factors such as lubricating oil temperature, oil viscosity, and bearing axial displacement, so that the test evaluation results can accurately reflect the actual operating state of the gear transmission system.
[0053] In another preferred embodiment based on the above embodiments, see [reference] Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a testing and evaluation system for gear transmission performance, which is used to apply a testing and evaluation method for gear transmission performance, including:
[0054] The acquisition unit is configured to perform at least three rounds of speed scanning tests within the speed range, and to simultaneously acquire vibration signals, speed signals, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data and bearing axial displacement data during each round of speed scanning. The vibration signals and speed signals are mapped to the speed coordinates according to the sampling time to determine the vibration amplitude of several rounds.
[0055] The analysis unit is configured to divide the speed range into several continuous speed intervals based on the speed interval, extract the vibration amplitude corresponding to several cycles in each speed interval, and simultaneously extract the oil temperature data, oil viscosity data and bearing axial displacement data corresponding to each speed interval. Based on the association rule algorithm, the extracted vibration amplitude, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data and bearing axial displacement data are associated to determine the environmental state-vibration combination data group.
[0056] The processing unit is configured to group the vibration amplitudes in all environmental state-vibration combination data sets according to environmental state, sort them within each environmental state group based on the magnitude of the vibration amplitude, determine stable vibration samples, and cross-compare the stable vibration samples of each environmental state group within the same speed range to determine the range of vibration amplitudes that appear in different environmental states as the environmental stable vibration range.
[0057] The evaluation unit is configured to sequentially determine the environmental stable vibration range of each speed range along the rotational speed direction, determine the gear vibration distribution result based on the environmental stable vibration range of each speed range, and use the gear vibration distribution result as the test evaluation result of gear transmission performance.
[0058] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program goods according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.
Claims
1. A method for testing and evaluating the performance of gear transmissions, characterized in that, include: At least three speed scanning tests were conducted within the speed range. During each speed scanning test, vibration signals, speed signals, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data were collected simultaneously. The vibration signals and speed signals were mapped to the speed coordinates according to the sampling time to determine the vibration amplitude of several rounds. The rotational speed range is divided into several continuous rotational speed intervals based on the rotational speed interval. Within each rotational speed interval, the vibration amplitude corresponding to several cycles is extracted. Simultaneously, the oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data corresponding to each rotational speed interval are extracted. Based on the association rule algorithm, the extracted vibration amplitude, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data are associated to determine the environmental state-vibration combination data group. The vibration amplitudes in all environmental state-vibration combination data sets are grouped by environmental state, and sorted based on the magnitude of vibration amplitude within each environmental state group to determine stable vibration samples. The stable vibration samples of each environmental state group within the same speed range are cross-compared to determine the range of vibration amplitudes that appear in different environmental states as the environmental stable vibration range. The environmental stable vibration range of each speed range is determined sequentially along the rotational speed direction. The gear vibration distribution result is determined based on the environmental stable vibration range of each speed range, and the gear vibration distribution result is used as the test evaluation result of gear transmission performance.
2. The method for testing and evaluating gear transmission performance according to claim 1, characterized in that, When conducting a speed scanning test within the speed range, the following steps are taken: a vibration acceleration sensor is installed on the gearbox housing, a speed encoder is installed on the input shaft, an oil temperature sensor and an oil viscosity sensor are installed in the lubricating oil circulation channel, and a displacement sensor is installed on the bearing housing. Vibration signals, speed signals, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data are collected simultaneously.
3. The method for testing and evaluating gear transmission performance according to claim 2, characterized in that, When determining the vibration amplitude for several rounds, the process includes: performing time alignment processing on the collected vibration signal and rotation speed signal based on the sampling time, determining the corresponding rotation speed value at each sampling moment, mapping the rotation speed value and vibration signal based on the sampling time, determining the rotation speed change between adjacent sampling moments based on the pulse signal output by the rotation speed encoder, determining the rotation speed position corresponding to each sampling moment in the rotation speed coordinate, extracting the instantaneous amplitude of the corresponding vibration signal at the rotation speed position, determining the instantaneous amplitude of all sampling points, recording the rotation speed position and corresponding instantaneous amplitude of all sampling points during the same rotation speed scan, determining the vibration amplitude based on the recording results, and determining the vibration amplitude for several rounds according to the rotation speed scan test rounds.
4. The method for testing and evaluating gear transmission performance according to claim 3, characterized in that, When dividing the speed range based on the speed interval, the process includes: dividing the speed range into several continuous speed ranges based on the preset speed interval; extracting the vibration amplitude in each speed range and the corresponding oil temperature data, oil viscosity data and bearing axial displacement data at the sampling time based on the speed scanning test cycle; and determining the range dataset.
5. The method for testing and evaluating gear transmission performance according to claim 4, characterized in that, When determining the environmental state-vibration combination data set, the following steps are taken: the oil temperature data, oil viscosity data, and bearing axial displacement data in the interval dataset are used as environmental state items, and the vibration amplitude in the interval dataset is used as the associated object.
6. The method for testing and evaluating gear transmission performance according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of determining the environmental state-vibration combination data set also includes: determining several candidate itemsets based on the Eclat algorithm, determining frequent itemsets based on the support of the candidate itemsets, and determining the environmental state-vibration combination data set for the associated object based on the frequent itemsets.
7. The method for testing and evaluating gear transmission performance according to claim 6, characterized in that, When determining stable vibration samples, the following steps are taken: classifying each environmental state-vibration combination data group based on the combination relationship of the environmental state items, dividing environmental state-vibration combination data groups with the same oil temperature range, the same oil viscosity range, and the same bearing axial displacement range into the same environmental state group, sorting all vibration amplitudes in each environmental state group based on amplitude size, and selecting the vibration amplitude in the middle range as the stable vibration sample.
8. The method for testing and evaluating gear transmission performance according to claim 7, characterized in that, When determining the stable vibration range of the environment, the process includes: extracting stable vibration samples corresponding to all environmental state groups within the same rotational speed range, arranging the stable vibration samples in each environmental state group, and performing overlap analysis among all environmental state groups. If the stable vibration samples of multiple environmental state groups overlap, the overlapping range is determined as the vibration amplitude range that occurs under different environmental conditions within the rotational speed range, and the vibration amplitude range is determined as the stable vibration range of the environment.
9. The method for testing and evaluating gear transmission performance according to claim 8, characterized in that, When determining the test evaluation results, the process includes: sequentially acquiring the environmental stable vibration range of each speed range along the rotational speed direction, arranging the environmental stable vibration ranges according to the rotational speed order, connecting the environmental stable vibration ranges between adjacent speed ranges, determining the vibration amplitude distribution segment, determining the gear vibration distribution result based on the vibration amplitude distribution segment, and using the gear vibration distribution result as the test evaluation result of the gear transmission performance.
10. A testing and evaluation system for gear transmission performance, used to apply the testing and evaluation method for gear transmission performance as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: The acquisition unit is configured to perform at least three rounds of speed scanning tests within the speed range, and to simultaneously acquire vibration signals, speed signals, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data and bearing axial displacement data during each round of speed scanning. The vibration signals and speed signals are mapped to the speed coordinates according to the sampling time to determine the vibration amplitude of several rounds. The analysis unit is configured to divide the speed range into several continuous speed intervals based on the speed interval, extract the vibration amplitude corresponding to several cycles in each speed interval, and simultaneously extract the oil temperature data, oil viscosity data and bearing axial displacement data corresponding to each speed interval. Based on the association rule algorithm, the extracted vibration amplitude, oil temperature data, oil viscosity data and bearing axial displacement data are associated to determine the environmental state-vibration combination data group. The processing unit is configured to group the vibration amplitudes in all environmental state-vibration combination data sets according to environmental state, sort them within each environmental state group based on the magnitude of the vibration amplitude, determine stable vibration samples, and cross-compare the stable vibration samples of each environmental state group within the same speed range to determine the range of vibration amplitudes that appear in different environmental states as the environmental stable vibration range. The evaluation unit is configured to sequentially determine the environmental stable vibration range of each speed range along the rotational speed direction, determine the gear vibration distribution result based on the environmental stable vibration range of each speed range, and use the gear vibration distribution result as the test evaluation result of the gear transmission performance.