A test system and method for characterization of sympathetic multi-physical coupling effect field

Abstract

This invention relates to a testing system and method for characterizing the multi-physics coupling effect field of sympathetic detonation, belonging to the field of near-field explosion shock testing technology, and solves the problem of inaccurate characterization of the sympathetic detonation effect field in existing technologies. The invention includes: a test charge module, a fragment group size and quantity analysis module, a fragment group velocity measurement module, an explosion shock wave overpressure testing module, and a sympathetic detonation visualization characterization module. The fragment group size and quantity analysis module is used to obtain the load penetration and perforation number and area of ​​the near-field fragment group; the explosion shock wave overpressure testing module is used to test the near-field explosion shock wave overpressure parameters; the fragment group velocity measurement module is used to measure the velocity parameters of the near-field dense fragment group; and the sympathetic detonation visualization characterization module is used to measure the dynamic response process of the sympathetic detonation test. This invention realizes the testing of the multi-physics coupling effect field of the sympathetic detonation process of a charge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of near-field explosion impact testing technology, and in particular to a testing system and method for characterizing the multi-physics coupling effect field of sympathetic explosion. Background Technology

[0002] Sympathetic detonation refers to the phenomenon where the detonation of the main explosive charge causes an adjacent detonation of the charged explosive charge. In the fields of civil blasting and counter-terrorism security, if the explosive charge is accidentally detonated during the production, transportation, storage, or disposal of hazardous materials due to improper operation or management oversight, the resulting detonation products, air shock waves, and high-speed fragmentation groups—multi-physics coupled loads—may induce chain sympathetic detonations, posing a serious threat to the safety of workers and the surrounding public. Therefore, it is urgent to conduct quantitative characterization and evaluation of the multi-physics coupled effect field under near-field conditions of sympathetic detonation, thereby providing technical support for the safe production and reliable disposal of hazardous materials. The near-field multi-physics coupled loads formed during sympathetic detonation are characterized by diverse load types, high amplitude intensity, long duration, and complex propagation patterns.

[0003] The near-field loads of sympathetic detonation include high-temperature, high-pressure detonation products, high-amplitude air shock waves, and high-speed, dense fragmentation groups. The peak overpressure of the near-field explosion shock wave can reach hundreds of MPa, the fireball temperature is approximately thousands of K, and the velocity of the dense fragmentation group is about 1-2 km / s. Current research focuses on the effects of single load factors such as the explosion shock wave or fragments, with limited research on the synergistic testing and characterization of multi-physics coupled loads. Furthermore, due to the extreme testing environment of near-field high temperature, high pressure, and strong electromagnetic radiation, existing sympathetic detonation tests are mainly concentrated in the mid-to-far-field region, and test data on the explosion loads in the key near-field region of sympathetic detonation remains scarce. While conventional testing methods such as shock wave overpressure sensors and velocity-measuring nets can obtain parameters such as the peak overpressure of the shock wave or the average velocity of fragments, they cannot achieve accurate measurement of multiple parameters of the sympathetic detonation load and process visualization characterization. Existing testing systems can only measure the average velocity of a single fragment, failing to achieve simultaneous joint measurement of the velocities of multiple fragments or obtain the initial velocity growth history. To ensure the safety of the acquisition system, long-distance cable connections are required between the sensors and the recording equipment. This cumbersome installation process during near-field testing is prone to problems such as shock waves or fragments severing the cable, resulting in low reliability of the test results. Furthermore, the assessment of the degree of sympathetic detonation reaction relies heavily on qualitative descriptions and uses relatively simplistic evaluation methods, lacking analysis of quantitative data on fragment effects and failing to consider the impact of other load parameters on the reaction level assessment results.

[0004] Therefore, existing experimental testing methods are insufficient to accurately reflect the typical characteristics of the sympathetic detonation multi-physics coupling effect field, thus limiting the accurate characterization of the sympathetic detonation effect field and the reliable assessment of the reaction level. Based on the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a testing system and method for characterizing the sympathetic detonation multi-physics coupling effect field. This system can achieve joint and accurate measurement of load characteristic parameters such as the explosion shock wave and dense fragmentation groups within the near-field range of the sympathetic detonation, thereby providing a basis for the quantitative characterization and assessment of the sympathetic detonation multi-physics coupling effect field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a test system and method for characterizing the multi-physics coupling effect field of sympathetic detonation, in order to solve one of the problems of existing charge sympathetic detonation test devices being unable to accurately measure multiple parameters of sympathetic detonation load and inaccurate evaluation of multi-physics coupling effect field.

[0006] The objective of this invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A test system for characterizing the multi-physics coupling effect field of sympathetic detonation includes: a test charge module, a fragment group size and quantity analysis module, a fragment group velocity measurement module, an explosion shock wave overpressure test module, and a sympathetic detonation visualization characterization module. The test charge module includes a main charge and a secondary charge. The fragment group size and quantity analysis module is used to obtain the load penetration and perforation number and perforation area of ​​the near-field fragment group formed after the main charge and the secondary charge are detonated during the sympathetic detonation process. The explosion shock wave overpressure test module is used to test the near-field explosion shock wave load characteristic parameters after the test charge module is detonated. The fragment group velocity measurement module is used to measure the velocity parameters of the near-field dense fragment group after the test charge module is detonated. The sympathetic detonation visualization characterization module is used to measure the dynamic response process of the sympathetic detonation test after the test charge module is detonated.

[0008] Furthermore, the fragment group size and quantity analysis module includes: a bottom effect target and a side effect target; the bottom effect target is set at the bottom of the main charge and the charged charge, and is used to obtain the axial perforation size and deformation deflection of the fragment group formed by the charge module under test; the side effect target is used to obtain the radial perforation number and perforation area of ​​the fragment group formed after the charge module under test is detonated.

[0009] Furthermore, the fragment group size and quantity analysis module also includes a recovery sandbox; the test charge module and the bottom effect target are both located inside the recovery sandbox; the recovery sandbox is used to collect and recover residual fragments at the bottom.

[0010] Furthermore, the lateral effect target includes: a steel backplate, an aluminum panel, and a support assembly; the support assembly is used to support and fix the steel backplate and the aluminum panel; the aluminum panel is disposed on the side facing the charge module to be tested, and is used to obtain the number and area of ​​radial perforations of the fragment group; the steel backplate is disposed behind the aluminum panel, and is used to prevent the fragment group from continuously scattering outward.

[0011] Furthermore, the fragment swarm velocity measurement module includes: a PDV velocity measurement system, a laser velocity measurement target, and a laser schlieren velocity measurement system; the PDV velocity measurement system is used to acquire the velocity history of the expanded particles in the casing after the sympathetic detonation of the test charge module; the laser velocity measurement target is used to acquire the instantaneous velocity at typical locations of the fragment swarm; and the laser schlieren velocity measurement system is used to visualize and acquire the instantaneous velocity of the fragment swarm at different scattering moments.

[0012] Furthermore, the explosion shock wave overpressure test module includes a ground reflection overpressure test system and a near-field free-field incident overpressure test system.

[0013] Furthermore, the near-field ground reflection overpressure testing system and the free-field incident overpressure testing system are used to achieve synchronous acquisition of near-field explosion shock wave free-field incident overpressure and ground reflection overpressure.

[0014] Furthermore, the sympathetic explosion visualization module includes a second high-speed camera, a reflective screen, and a synchronous triggering system, and is protected by a protective sand wall.

[0015] Furthermore, the secondary explosion visualization characterization module and the fragment group velocity measurement module are both arranged behind the protective sand wall; the protective sand wall consists of two side by side, with a gap between the two protective sand walls, the gap being used to allow the light after the explosion to be projected onto the reflective screen.

[0016] A method for quantitative characterization of sympathetic detonation multi-physics coupling effect field, wherein the test system described above is used to test the charge module under test.

[0017] The technical solution of this invention can achieve at least one of the following effects: 1) The experimental testing system for characterizing the multi-physics coupling effect field of sympathetic detonation of the present invention can realize accurate measurement of the multi-physics coupling effect field in the near field of sympathetic detonation. By real-time measurement of multiple parameters such as shock wave overpressure, shell expansion particle velocity, fragment group dispersion velocity at different locations, and fragment group quantity and size, it optimizes the shortcomings of existing near-field high-amplitude shock wave overpressure testing methods, difficulty in testing the velocity of dense fragment groups, and inaccurate characterization of fragment group characteristic parameters.

[0018] 2) The test system and method of the present invention can realize the simultaneous testing of the near-field shell expansion velocity of sympathetic detonation, the scattering velocity of multiple fragments at different locations, and the size and number of fragments. The fragment group formation and scattering process is dynamically captured by a visual laser schlieren device, realizing the quantitative characterization of the evolution process of multiple characteristic parameters of the fragment group. Furthermore, it can realize the joint and accurate measurement of load characteristic parameters such as the explosion shock wave and dense fragment group in the near-field of sympathetic detonation, thereby providing a basis for the quantitative characterization and evaluation of the multi-physics coupling effect field of sympathetic detonation.

[0019] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from what is particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0021] Figure 1 This is the experimental testing system for characterizing the multiphysics coupling effect field of sympathetic detonation according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral effect target of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the near-field ground reflection overpressure testing system of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is the near-field free-field incident overpressure testing system of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the collector end cap of the near-field ground reflection overpressure testing system; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the copper bushing of the near-field ground reflection overpressure testing system; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor sensing element of a near-field ground reflection overpressure testing system. Figure 8 The velocity history of the expanding particles in the charge casing of this invention; Figure 9 This invention relates to the spatial decay law of fragment group velocity; Figure 10 This is the near-field free-field incident overpressure history of the present invention; Figure 11 This is the near-field ground reflection overpressure history of the present invention; Figure 12 This is the quantitative feature of the perforation of the bottom effect target fragment in this invention; Figure 13 This is the quantification feature of the perforation of the target fragments due to the lateral effect of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a snapshot of a typical moment in the sympathetic explosion effect field of the present invention.

[0022] Figure label: 11-Main charge; 12-Subject charge; 21-Bottom effect target; 22-Recovery sandbox; 23-Side effect target; 31-PDV velocity measurement system; 32-Laser velocity measurement screen target; 331-Laser reflector; 332-Protective sand wall; 333-First high-speed camera; 334-Synchronization controller; 335-Pulsed laser; 336-Reflective screen; 41-Near-field ground reflection overpressure test system; 42-Near-field free-field incident overpressure test system; 5-Second high-speed camera; 231-Steel backplate; 232-Aluminum panel; 233-Fastening bolts; 234-Support assembly; 235-Support base; 236-First support truss; 237-Second support truss; 421-Support chassis; 422-Bottom bushing; 423-Bottom support rod; 424-Axial bushing; 425-Radial bushing; 426-Flexible shock-absorbing bushing; 427-Sensor support rod; 428-Disc-shaped guide plate; 429-Sensor sensitive element; 411-Protective iron can; 412-Protective panel; 413-Collector base; 414-Collector end cap; 415-Fasting screw; 416-Copper bushing; 417-Sensor sensitive element; 418-Signal acquisition and transmission assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1 To address the problem that existing sympathetic detonation testing devices cannot accurately measure multiple parameters of the sympathetic detonation load, Embodiment 1 of this invention discloses a testing system for characterizing the multi-physics coupling effect field of sympathetic detonation. This system is used to acquire the characteristic parameters of the coupling effect field formed during the sympathetic detonation test of the test charge module 1, including the near-field explosion shock wave and the dense fragment load, as well as the dynamic response process of the sympathetic detonation test. During the sympathetic detonation test, the dense fragment load formed by the test charge module 1 has characteristics such as high flight speed, wide dispersion range, and large number of fragments. It is necessary to use a method of multiple velocity measurement methods in combination to obtain the spatiotemporal distribution parameters of the fragment load.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, the test system for characterizing the multi-physics coupling effect field of sympathetic detonation according to the present invention includes: a fragment group size and quantity analysis module 2, a fragment group velocity measurement module 3, an explosion shock wave overpressure test module 4, and a sympathetic detonation visualization characterization module; specifically, the near-field explosion shock wave load characteristic parameters include: the incident free field peak overpressure. p imax , ground reflection peak overpressure p rmax The test was conducted using the explosion shock wave overpressure test module 4; the characteristic parameters of the near-field dense fragment group load included: the peak velocity of the particles during shell expansion. V max Average velocity of fragment group V ave Total number of fragments N f Average perforation area of ​​fragment group S f Bottom effect target perforation diameter L and peak deformation deflection D max The fragment group velocity measurement module 3 and fragment group size and quantity analysis module 2 are used for measurement; the dynamic response process of the sympathetic detonation test is measured using the sympathetic detonation visualization characterization module.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the test charge module 1 includes a main charge 11 and a secondary charge 12. Considering that the reaction levels on both sides of the main charge 11 and the secondary charge 12 in the test charge module 1 are different, the corresponding near-field explosion shock wave load characteristic parameters are significantly different. Therefore, the test system of the present invention sets up two sets of test devices on both sides of the main charge 11 and the secondary charge 12 respectively.

[0027] Furthermore, based on the results of the above-mentioned sympathetic detonation multi-physics coupling effect field characterization test system, the sympathetic detonation reaction level of the launched charge 12 is evaluated and given by analyzing the characteristic parameter equivalent factor of the coupling effect field and the sympathetic detonation response process.

[0028] The fragment group size and quantity analysis module 2 is used to obtain the load penetration number and penetration area of ​​the near-field fragment group formed after the detonation of the main explosive charge 11 and the charged explosive charge 12 during the sympathetic detonation process; specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fragment group size and quantity analysis module 2 includes: a bottom effect target 21, a recovery sandbox 22, and a lateral effect target 23. The bottom effect target 21 is located inside the recovery sandbox 22 and at the bottom of the main explosive charge 11 and the fired explosive charge 12, and is used to obtain the axial perforation size and deformation deflection of the fragment group formed by the test explosive module 1. The recovery sandbox 22 is used to collect and recover residual fragments at the bottom. The lateral effect target 23 is used to obtain the radial perforation number and area of ​​the fragment group formed after the detonation of the test explosive module 1.

[0029] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the bottom effect target 21 is a 300mm×300mm×10mm 45 steel target, which is placed horizontally on a recovery sand box 22 with dimensions of 500mm×500mm×200mm, and the center of mass is kept on the same vertical line; the lateral effect target 23 is set at a distance of 2m from the detonation center of the test charge module 1, and one set is placed on each side of the main charge 11 and the charged charge 12.

[0030] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the lateral effect target 23 consists of a steel backplate 231, an aluminum panel 232, and a support assembly 234. The support assembly 234 is used to support and fix the steel backplate 231 and the aluminum panel 232. The support assembly 234 is a triangular support structure formed by assembling a support base 235, a first support truss 236, and a second support truss 237. The steel backplate 231 and the aluminum panel 232 are both set perpendicular to the ground and are fixedly connected by fastening bolts 233. The aluminum panel 232 is located on the side facing the charge module 1 to be tested, and is used to obtain the number and area of ​​radial perforations of the fragment group. The steel backplate 231 is located behind the aluminum panel 232 to prevent the fragment group, whose velocity decreases after penetrating the panel, from continuing to scatter outward, thereby maintaining the testing accuracy of the laser velocimetry target 32.

[0031] Specifically, the steel back plate 231 of the lateral effect target 23 is a 45 steel target with a size of 1000mm×1000mm×10mm, and the aluminum panel 232 is made of 2A12 aluminum alloy with a size of 1000mm×1000mm×5mm. The horizontal distance between the steel back plate 231 and the aluminum panel 232 is 100mm, and they are fixed by fastening bolts 233 to ensure that their relative positions are uniform.

[0032] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fragment group velocity measurement module 3 includes a PDV velocity measurement system 31, a laser velocity measurement target 32, and a laser schlieren velocity measurement system 33; the PDV velocity measurement system 31 is used to acquire the velocity history of the expanded particles in the casing after the sympathetic detonation of the test charge module 1; the laser velocity measurement target 32 ​​is used to acquire the instantaneous velocity at typical locations of the fragment group; and the laser schlieren velocity measurement system 33 is used to visualize and acquire the instantaneous velocity of the fragment group at different scattering moments.

[0033] Specifically, the PDV velocity measurement system 31 includes a PDV probe, a support frame, a transmission optical fiber, a laser generator, and data acquisition and recording equipment. During the test, the PDV probe is placed horizontally on the PMMA support frame and fixed using vacuum sealing. The laser generator generates pulsed laser light, which reaches the PDV probe through the transmission optical fiber and is reflected on the surface of the explosive charge casing. The velocity changes during the casing expansion cause different laser spectral frequencies. The history of laser spectral frequency changes during the sympathetic detonation is obtained through the data acquisition and recording equipment, and the velocity history of the expanding particles in the casing is obtained through fast Fourier transform processing.

[0034] Specifically, two PDV velocity measurement systems 31 are placed in the middle of the main charge 11 and the charge 12 housing, respectively. The PDV probe is 100mm away from the surface of the charge housing and is triggered by an external power-on / off signal.

[0035] Specifically, the laser velocity measurement target 32 ​​includes a laser emission and information storage host, a primary reflector screen, a start target, and a stop target. During the test, the laser emission device forms a laser source that acts on the primary reflector screen, creating two light curtains at the start and stop targets, respectively, with a horizontal distance Δ between them. x During the experiment, the time difference Δ between the fragment group and the two light curtains was recorded. t It can be adopted The instantaneous velocity of the fragment is calculated.

[0036] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, a laser velocity measurement target 32 ​​is placed at a distance of 8m and 10m from the detonation center on the side of the main explosive charge 11 and the secondary explosive charge 12, respectively, and the triggering method is external triggering by the light signal of the explosion fireball.

[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the laser schlieren velocimetry system 33 includes: a laser reflecting screen 331, a pulsed laser 335, a reflective refraction screen 336, a synchronization controller 334, and a first high-speed camera 333. During the experiment, the pulsed laser emitted by the pulsed laser 335 is refracted by the reflective refraction screen 336 and acts on the laser reflecting screen 331 along a perpendicular optical path, thereby suppressing the influence of the bright fireball of the detonation products on the fragment dispersion process. Simultaneously, a protective sand wall 332 is used for protection to prevent damage to the testing instruments from the explosive load. During the experiment, the pulsed laser 335 and the first high-speed camera 333 are synchronously triggered by the synchronization controller 334. The triggering method is an external on / off power signal, ensuring that the pulsed laser's action time is consistent with the recording time of the sympathetic detonation response process. By subsequently analyzing the displacement and time difference of multiple frames at typical fragment locations, the instantaneous velocity of the corresponding fragment is obtained.

[0038] The propagation of near-field blast shock waves is characterized by high load amplitude, short duration, and high propagation speed. However, influenced by the ground medium, the characteristics of the air free field and the ground-reflected shock wave differ significantly during propagation. To comprehensively obtain the characteristic parameters of the near-field blast shock wave load, blast shock wave overpressure test module 4 is used for testing. Figure 1 As shown, the explosion shock wave overpressure test module 4 includes a near-field ground reflection overpressure test system 41 and a near-field free-field incident overpressure test system 42.

[0039] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, two sets of the near-field ground reflection overpressure testing system 41 and the free-field overpressure testing system 42 are placed at a distance of 0.4m from the detonation center on the side of the main and the fired charges, respectively. The near-field free-field incident overpressure testing system 42 is connected to the adjacent near-field ground reflection overpressure testing system 41 by a short-distance cable and is covered and protected by an explosion-proof hose, so as to realize the synchronous acquisition of near-field explosion shock wave overpressure.

[0040] Furthermore, in order to address the problem of low measurement accuracy of ground-reflected overpressure, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the near-field ground reflection overpressure testing system 41 includes a protective structure and a reflection overpressure measurement and acquisition system. The protective structure includes a protective iron can 411 and a protective panel 412. The protective iron can 411 is an open-top tank structure with side openings. The protective panel 412 is fixedly installed above the protective iron can 411 and can close the opening of the protective iron can 411. The protective iron can 411 and the protective panel 412 are connected by M12 high-strength screws. Furthermore, the protective panel 412 has a through hole in its center that mates with the upper part of the acquisition instrument end cap 414, ensuring that the upper surface of the sensor meets the requirements of rigid support and smooth flatness, facilitating accurate measurement of the reflection overpressure signal. The through hole size is Φ96×10mm. Simultaneously, the protective structure can prevent damage to the testing and acquisition system from the impact of dense fragmentation during the sympathetic detonation process.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the reflection overpressure measurement and acquisition system includes: an acquisition instrument base 413, an acquisition instrument end cover 414, a fastening screw 415, a copper bushing 416, a sensor sensitive element 417, and a signal acquisition and transmission component 418.

[0042] Specifically, the data acquisition device base 413 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the protective iron can 411 or is screwed together; the data acquisition device end cap 414 is fixedly installed above the data acquisition device base 413, and the two are fixedly connected by fastening screws 415; the copper bushing 416 is nested inside the data acquisition device base 413, and the two are fixed by screwing together; the copper bushing 416 has a threaded hole inside, and the sensor sensitive element 417 is screwed into the middle threaded hole of the copper bushing 416.

[0043] Furthermore, to reduce the overall weight of the measurement and acquisition system, facilitate installation, and protect sensitive internal components, the base 413 of the acquisition instrument is a hollow cylindrical structure, with the signal acquisition and transmission component 418 housed inside. It is made of 2CR13 high-strength steel and has anti-slip patterns rolled around its circumference.

[0044] Specifically, compared to mid-to-far field explosion loads, near-field explosion reflected wave loads can reach hundreds of MPa. To prevent the shock wave from damaging the end cap of the data acquisition instrument during testing, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the end cover 414 of the data acquisition instrument has an overall thickness of 10mm and is made of 2CR13 high-strength steel. It has eight M8 through holes arranged around its circumference and is fixed to the data acquisition instrument base 413 with 10.9-grade high-strength M8 fastening screws 415. At the same time, a through hole with a size of Φ25mm is opened in the central area of ​​the end cover 414 for assembly and connection with the copper bushing 416.

[0045] Specifically, the 416 copper bushing is made of brass, and its impedance matching effectively reduces mechanical vibration during the explosion test, thereby reducing the interference of parasitic noise on the shock wave signal; for example... Figure 6 As shown, the copper bushing 416 is fixed in place by an upper Φ25mm shoulder and a lower M20 thread. The copper bushing 416 is screwed onto the data acquisition instrument base 413 by an external thread at its lower end. Similarly, a Φ12.8×20mm threaded hole is provided in the central area of ​​the copper bushing 416 for connecting the first sensor sensing element 417.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, the sensor sensing element 417 of the near-field shock wave reflection overpressure testing system 41 is a PCB109D12 (optional, which can be replaced according to actual measurement needs), with an effective range of 500MPa and a rise time ≤2μs. The first sensor sensing element 417 is connected to the signal acquisition and transmission component 418 inside the data acquisition base 413 via an M5 interface and a low-noise cable for sensor power supply and integrated data acquisition. Specifically, the data acquisition base 413 and the protective iron can 411 have side openings for easy routing of the low-noise cable.

[0047] The near-field ground reflection overpressure testing system 41 can realize integrated triggering, acquisition, and recording functions for near-field high-amplitude reflected overpressure history, reducing the impact of mechanical vibration and pressure signal attenuation during long-distance cable transmission of existing sensors. Simultaneously, the acquisition unit base 413 has an external signal interface, which can be connected to the free-field incident overpressure testing system 42 to achieve synchronous triggering and acquisition of near-field free-field and ground reflection overpressure. Furthermore, the near-field ground reflection overpressure testing system 41 is pre-embedded in the ground.

[0048] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the testing accuracy and acquisition sensitivity of free-field incident overpressure; such as Figure 4 As shown, the near-field free-field incident overpressure testing system 42 includes: a free-field sensor and a fixed bracket. The free-field sensor is fixed to the ground by the fixed bracket and is used to monitor the near-field free-field incident overpressure of the sympathetic explosion. The free-field sensor includes: a sensor support rod 427, a disc-shaped flow guide plate 428, and a second sensor sensing element 429. The disc-shaped flow guide plate 428 adopts a conical disc shape with rounded corners at the circumferential edges. The disc-shaped flow guide plate 428 can ensure that the explosion shock wave at any angle has a good flow guiding effect when it passes over the second sensor sensing element 429. At the same time, a through hole is opened in the central area of ​​the disc-shaped flow guide plate 428 for fixing the sensor sensing element 429.

[0049] Specifically, the sensor's sensitive element is model BITCQ-100, with an effective range of 100MPa and a rise time ≤1μs. The corresponding sensitivity coefficient is determined using a drop hammer hydraulic calibration device. Compared to existing free-field sensors with a range of 5MPa, this model can accurately measure near-field incident overpressure of 100MPa. The sensor's sensitive element 429 uses an M5 interface to connect to a low-noise cable and extends outwards through the sensor support rod 427. The components of the free-field sensor are encapsulated with thermoplastic resin to reduce parasitic signal interference caused by structural vibrations during the propagation of the explosion shock wave.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the fixed bracket includes a support base 421, a bottom bushing 422, a bottom support rod 423, an axial bushing 424, and a radial bushing 425 for positioning and installation, and the various components are fastened together with screws. Specifically, the bottom support rod 423 is fixedly installed on the support base 421 by the bottom bushing 422, the axial bushing 424 is slidably installed on the outside of the bottom support rod 423 and fixed by fastening screws; the radial bushing 425 is rotatably installed on the side of the axial bushing 424, and the sensor support rod 427 is sleeved and installed inside the radial bushing 425.

[0051] Specifically, the axis of the radial bushing 425 is perpendicular to the axis of the axial bushing 424, and the axis of their intersection is parallel to the axis of the axial bushing 424, so that the radial bushing 425 can rotate circumferentially around the axial bushing 424, thereby enabling the measurement of explosion shock waves at different azimuth angles.

[0052] During the test, the explosion shock wave at different heights and azimuth angles can be tested by adjusting the vertical position of the axial bushing 424 and the rotation angle of the radial bushing 425. During the test, a flexible damping bushing 426 is added between the sensor structure and the radial bushing 425 to reduce parasitic signal interference caused by near-field mechanical vibration. At the same time, a 0.1mm vacuum silicone grease is thinly coated on the outer surface of the sensor sensitive element 429 to reduce the temperature drift caused by near-field explosion fireball thermal noise.

[0053] Furthermore, to address the challenge of balancing protective performance and information acquisition capabilities, the sympathetic detonation visualization characterization module includes a second high-speed camera 5, a reflective screen 336, and a synchronous triggering system, while also being protected by a protective sand wall 332. In this embodiment, the second high-speed camera 5 has a sampling frame rate of 50,000 fps, used to acquire snapshots of the transient response process of the sympathetic detonation. During testing, the sympathetic detonation visualization characterization module and the laser schlieren testing system employ a single on / off signal triggering device, thereby enabling the visual measurement of the sympathetic detonation process across different fields of view.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the secondary explosion visualization module and the fragment group velocity measurement module 3 are both arranged behind the protective sand wall 332. Specifically, the protective sand wall 332 consists of two side-by-side blocks with a gap between them, which allows the light after the explosion to be projected onto the reflective screen 336.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, two reflective screens 336 are provided, and both reflective screens 336 are tilted, arranged in a figure-eight shape, as... Figure 1 As shown; preferably, the backlight surfaces of the two reflective screens 336 are set at an angle of 120°~140°, and the image information of the detonation process reflected by the two reflective screens 336 can be acquired by the first high-speed camera 333 and the second high-speed camera 5.

[0056] This invention achieves multi-angle, large-scale synchronous visualization measurement of the sympathetic detonation process by combining dual high-speed cameras with a figure-eight reflective screen, effectively expanding the field of view and improving the ability to acquire information about the sympathetic detonation process; high frame rate video recording combined with a synchronous triggering system achieves precise time coordination, improving the consistency of test data; the setting of dual protective sand walls, while reserving gaps, ensures smooth light transmission, balancing the safety of test personnel and equipment with the reliability of optical information acquisition.

[0057] In this embodiment, by adjusting the tilt angle of the two reflective screens 336 and the arrangement of the sympathetic explosion visualization characterization module and the fragment group velocity measurement module 3, the first high-speed camera 333 and the second high-speed camera 5 can collect the light and image information reflected by the reflective screens 336.

[0058] During implementation, first, the main explosive charge 11 and the secondary explosive charge 12 are fixed in their predetermined positions. Then, the near-field ground reflection overpressure testing system 41 and the free-field incident overpressure testing system 42 are installed, ensuring that their sensors are directly facing the detonation center and firmly fixed in the test position. A short-distance, low-noise cable is connected to reliably link the free-field overpressure testing system 42 and the near-field ground reflection overpressure testing system 41 to the data acquisition device base 413, and the tightness of the explosion-proof hose is checked to ensure stable signal transmission. The reflective screen 336 is installed, and the second high-speed camera 333 and the synchronous triggering system 334 are activated; it is confirmed that the reflective screen 336 is installed at the correct angle and can completely capture the changes in the optical path of the sympathetic detonation area. Finally, a protective sand wall is erected to ensure test safety. The first high-speed camera 333 is activated and the synchronous trigger signal path is checked to ensure that each subsystem is in standby mode. After confirming that the site has been cleared, the control center issues an ignition command, the main explosive charge 11 is detonated, and each test subsystem is triggered synchronously. The laser schlieren system captures the propagation pattern of the shock wave in real time, the overpressure acquisition system records the time history curves of near-field free field and ground reflection overpressure, and the second high-speed camera 5 synchronously acquires transient images of the sympathetic detonation process.

[0059] Example 2 To address the issues of relying primarily on qualitative descriptions of the degree of sympathetic detonation reaction, using a single assessment method, lacking analysis of quantitative data on fragmentation effects, and failing to consider the influence of other load parameters on the reaction level assessment results, Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a method for quantitative characterizing the sympathetic detonation multi-physics coupling effect field using the test system for characterizing the sympathetic detonation multi-physics coupling effect field in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Construct the test system for characterizing the multi-physics coupling effect field of the test charge module 1 and the sympathetic detonation; Step S2: Detonate the test charge module 1; collect the following data through the fragment group size and quantity analysis module 2, fragment group velocity measurement module 3, explosion shock wave overpressure test module 4, and sympathetic detonation visualization characterization module of the test system: near-field dense fragment group load characteristic parameters, near-field explosion shock wave load characteristic parameters, and dynamic response process image information of the sympathetic detonation test. In this embodiment, the near-field explosion shock wave load characteristic parameters in step S2 include: incident peak overpressure. p imax , ground reflection peak overpressure p rmax The test was conducted using the explosion shock wave overpressure test module 4. The near-field ground reflection overpressure test system 41 and the free-field incident overpressure test system 42 can respectively test the history of ground reflection overpressure and free-field incident overpressure.

[0060] In step S2, the characteristic parameters of the near-field dense fragment group load include: peak velocity of the shell-expanding particles. V max Average velocity of fragment group V ave Total number of fragments N f Average perforation area of ​​fragment group S f Diameter of the perforation in the bottom effect target 21 and peak deformation deflection D max The measurement was performed using the fragment group velocity measurement module 3 and the fragment group size and quantity analysis module 2.

[0061] Specifically, by statistically analyzing the number and area of ​​fragment holes on the lateral effect target 23 of the fragment group size and quantity analysis module 2, the total number of fragment groups can be obtained. N f Average perforation area of ​​fragment group S f By analyzing the bottom perforation of the bottom effect target 21, the diameter of the perforation in the bottom effect target 21 can be obtained. L and peak deformation deflection D max .

[0062] Specifically, by monitoring the test charge module 1 using the PDV velocity measurement system 31, the peak velocity of the expanding particles in the shell can be obtained. V max The instantaneous velocity of the fragment group at typical locations is obtained through the laser schlieren velocimetry system 33 and the laser velocimetry target 32 ​​of the fragment group velocimetry module 3, and then the average velocity of the fragment group can be obtained. V ave .

[0063] In step S2, the dynamic response process of the sympathetic detonation test is collected by the second high-speed camera 5 of the sympathetic detonation visualization characterization module.

[0064] Step S3: Obtain the incident peak overpressure from the explosion shock wave overpressure test module 4. p imax , ground reflection peak overpressure p rmax Analysis was conducted, and the equivalent TNT equivalent of the sympathetic detonation test in the test charge module 1 was obtained by back-calculation using the near-field overpressure prediction formula. ω T Thus, the near-field overpressure equivalent factor is obtained. η 1. By analyzing the near-field dense fragment group load size parameters obtained from the fragment group size and quantity analysis module, the equivalent factor of the fragment group load size in the sympathetic detonation test is obtained. η 2; By analyzing the near-field dense fragment group load characteristic parameters obtained from the fragment group velocity measurement module 3, the sympathetic explosion test fragment group load equivalent factor is obtained. η 3. Based on the equivalence factor η 1. η 2 and η 3. Assess the intensity of the reaction to the sympathetic detonation test.

[0065] Specifically, in step S3, the near-field overpressure equivalent factor In the formula, ω T The TNT equivalent of the sympathetic detonation test, ω T0 The equivalent of TNT in a sympathetic detonation when the charged explosive charge is fully detonated; fragment load size equivalence factor. In the formula, L The diameter of the perforation in the bottom effect target 21 is [missing information]. The diameter of the target perforation at the bottom effect when the charged explosive undergoes complete detonation; fragment load equivalent factor. In the formula, V max The peak velocity of the expanding particles on the surface of the propellant casing. V 0 represents the peak velocity of the fragmentation group when the charged explosive undergoes a complete detonation.

[0066] In this embodiment, the equivalent TNT equivalent of the sympathetic detonation test ω T The near-field incident peak overpressure was obtained based on experimental testing. p imax The result is obtained by back-calculation using the near-field explosion shock wave overpressure prediction formula (I); (I) In the formula, A, B, C, D The fitting constant is used to compare distances. , r The equivalent TNT equivalent of the sympathetic detonation test was calculated based on the distance from the observation point to the detonation center. ω T .

[0067] Furthermore, the near-field overpressure equivalent factor η 1. Equivalent factor of fragment load size in sympathetic detonation test η 2. Equivalent load factor of fragment group in sympathetic detonation test η 3. The equivalence factor of the characteristic parameter of the sympathetic explosion effect field is obtained by weighted averaging. .

[0068] In step S3, the near-field sympathetic detonation load response process image obtained by the sympathetic detonation visualization characterization module is analyzed to obtain the wavefront structure of the explosion shock wave at typical moments and the diffusion morphology of the explosion fireball; finally, the equivalent factor of the sympathetic detonation effect field characteristic parameter is combined. η Based on the response process images, the level of the secondary detonation reaction of the fired charge can be determined.

[0069] Specifically, based on existing measured data from sympathetic detonation tests, the equivalent factor of the characteristic parameter of the sympathetic detonation effect field is given. It is believed that the fired explosive charge undergoes combustion and the following reactions; It is believed that the explosive charge underwent a deflagration reaction; It is believed that the explosive charge will cause a high-intensity reaction, such as an explosion or detonation.

[0070] This embodiment provides a test method for characterizing the multi-physics coupling effect field of sympathetic detonation. Based on the characteristic parameters of the coupling effect field between the near-field explosion shock wave and the dense fragment load, measured by the fragment group size and quantity analysis module 2, the fragment group velocity measurement module 3, the explosion shock wave overpressure test module 4, and the sympathetic detonation visualization characterization module, as well as the dynamic response process of the sympathetic detonation test, the near-field overpressure equivalent factor is obtained after analysis and processing. η 1. Equivalent factor of fragment load size in sympathetic detonation test η 2 and the load equivalent factor of fragmentation group in the sympathetic explosion test η 3. The equivalent factor of the characteristic parameter of the sympathetic explosion effect field is obtained by weighted averaging. η This enables the quantitative characterization of the sympathetic detonation effect field of a charged explosive and the accurate assessment of the reaction level.

[0071] Example 3 Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a specific test case of the test system for characterizing the multi-physics coupling effect field of sympathetic detonation as described in Embodiment 1: Specifically, both the main firing charge 11 and the secondary firing charge 12 are TNT charges with dimensions of Φ50×100mm and a mass of 300g; the charge casing has a wall thickness of 5mm and is made of 35CrMnSiA material, with the upper and lower end caps fixed to the casing by threads. The main firing charge 11 and the secondary firing charge 12 are placed vertically on the bottom effect target 21, with a projectile axis spacing of 70mm. The main firing charge is actively detonated using a detonator and a JH-12 expansion charge.

[0072] like Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the velocity of the expanding particles in the main charge casing is obtained by the PDV velocity measurement system 31. V max =1150m / s, and the velocity history showed a clear step jump under the initial detonation wave, indicating that the main charge underwent complete detonation; at the same time, the velocity of the expanding particles in the charged shell was measured to be... V max =89m / s, no obvious initial step signal was observed, indicating that the outward ejection velocity was only generated under the continuous impact of the near-field explosive load. Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the instantaneous velocities of fragment groups at typical locations are obtained through the laser schlieren velocimetry system 33 and the laser velocimetry target 32, respectively. The overall average instantaneous velocities of fragment groups at locations 4m, 6m, 8m, and 10m from the epicenter are statistically obtained. V ave The speeds are 1127 m / s, 1196 m / s, 1167 m / s, and 1083 m / s respectively. Figure 9 It can be seen that due to the randomness of the shell fracture fragments, the velocities of fragments of different sizes are quite different. The overall velocity decay of the fragment group in the near field of the sympathetic detonation is relatively slow, with an average velocity of about 1143 m / s, which is basically consistent with the velocity of the main shell expansion particles obtained by the PDV velocimetry system 31 mentioned above.

[0073] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, in this embodiment, the near-field incident and reflected overpressure testing system obtained the peak incident overpressure of the main and fired charges at a distance of 0.4m from the detonation center. The reflected peak overpressures were 3.26 MPa and 2.87 MPa, respectively. The pressures were 22 MPa and 17 MPa, respectively. Due to the interference of the fragment group ballistic wave during the test, there was obvious vibration noise in the early stage of the rising edge of the overpressure history curve. At the same time, it was observed that the test overpressure curves all showed single-peak attenuation characteristics, and no double-peak structure was formed by the secondary detonation of the 12-charge explosive.

[0074] like Figure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, only one obvious perforation was observed in the bottom effect target 21 recovered from the experiment. The three-dimensional scanning analysis results showed that the peak deformation deflection was... Dmax =31.5mm, perforation diameter L =58mm, and the sand box recovery yielded the complete bottom end cap debris formed by the detonation of the main explosive charge, while no spent casing debris was observed.

[0075] like Figure 13 As shown, image processing and analysis of the recovered lateral effect target revealed 82 fragment perforations at a location 2m from the explosion center, with an average projected area of S f =128mm 2 Considering the lateral effect target incident angle of 28° at a position 2m from the explosion center, the total number of fragments is approximately... N f =1054 fragments; further experiments showed that the perforation characteristics of the target fragments on the main and the side of the explosion were basically the same; indicating that the fragment group after the main charge exploded had good symmetry in lateral spatial distribution.

[0076] like Figure 14 As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, a second high-speed camera 5 is used to obtain a snapshot of the sympathetic detonation response process at 0.9ms. It can be clearly seen in the figure that the air shock wave front remains continuous and smooth, the fireball of the internal detonation products spreads outward, and several small fragments are also observed to fly outward. During the test, no phenomenon of collision and superposition of the air shock wave formed by the detonation of the fired charge and the shock wave of the main charge was observed.

[0077] Specifically, this embodiment adopts Figure 1 The experimental testing system was used to characterize the near-field multi-physics coupling effects of sympathetic detonation. The results showed that with complete detonation of the main charge, the particle velocity of the expanding shell increased. V max =1150m / s, after the shell fractures and breaks, it forms a dense cluster of strip-shaped fragments that scatter outwards, with an average velocity of the fragment cluster. V ave =1143m / s, total number of fragment groups N f =1054 pieces, average hole projected area S f =128mm 2 The expansion rate of the propellant casing V max =89 m / s; further analysis yielded the bottom effect target formation diameter. L =58mm single perforation, peak deformation deflection is D max =31.5mm.

[0078] Furthermore, the near-field incident peak overpressure was obtained based on experimental testing. p imaxThe TNT equivalent of the sympathetic detonation test in this embodiment was obtained by back-calculating using the near-field explosion shock wave overpressure prediction formula (I). ω T =0.27kg.

[0079] (I) In the formula, A, B, C, D The fitting constant is used to compare distances. , r The equivalent TNT equivalent is calculated based on the distance from the observation point to the explosion center. ω T .

[0080] Specifically, if the sympathetic detonation reaction level of the test charge 1 is detonation, it indicates that both the main charge 11 and the secondary charge 12 have completely reacted, corresponding to the TNT equivalent of the sympathetic detonation test. ω T =0.6kg, both the main and secondary charge casings reached a peak velocity of 1150m / s, and both the main and secondary charge positions on the bottom effect target formed perforations of considerable size.

[0081] In this embodiment, the equivalent factor of the characteristic parameter of the sympathetic detonation effect field is calculated. η =0.176, where η 1 = 0.45 η 2 = 0.077, η 3=0. The explosion shock wave front was observed to be continuous and smooth through the sympathetic detonation visualization characterization module. The explosion fireball structure was simple. No interference superposition phenomenon of secondary shock wave or secondary fireball formed by the detonation of the launched charge was observed. Therefore, combined with the characteristic parameter factor of the sympathetic detonation multi-physics coupling effect field and the sympathetic detonation response process image, it was comprehensively judged that the sympathetic detonation reaction level of the launched charge in this embodiment is combustion or below.

[0082] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. The experimental testing system for characterizing the multi-physics coupling effect field of sympathetic detonation of the present invention can realize the simultaneous joint measurement of multiple characteristic parameters of loads such as the near-field explosion shock wave and dense fragmentation group of sympathetic detonation. It optimizes the problems of existing near-field load testing and characterization systems for sympathetic detonation, such as the single physical quantity of the test load, limited near-field testing methods, and imperfect effect field evaluation methods. The experimental testing system for characterizing the multi-physics coupling effect field of sympathetic detonation of the present invention can realize the simultaneous joint measurement of multiple physical parameters of loads such as the near-field explosion shock wave and dense fragmentation group of sympathetic detonation, and the relevant quantitative test data can provide reliable support for the evaluation of the sympathetic detonation effect field and the reaction level of the launched charge.

[0083] 2. The experimental testing system for characterizing the multi-physics coupling effect field of sympathetic detonation of the present invention can accurately measure the peak overpressure of the incident and reflected high-amplitude explosion shock wave under near-field conditions of sympathetic detonation, while taking into account both installation portability and testing reliability. It optimizes the shortcomings of existing near-field explosion shock wave overpressure testing systems, such as small test range, cumbersome on-site installation, and low testing reliability in the near-field range. The experimental testing system of the present invention can realize the synchronous and accurate measurement of high-amplitude incident overpressure (100MPa) and reflected overpressure (500MPa) in the near-field of sympathetic detonation, taking into account both installation portability and testing reliability, and reducing signal transmission of long-distance cables through an integrated acquisition system.

[0084] 3. The experimental testing system of the present invention for characterizing the multi-physics coupling effect field of sympathetic detonation can realize the visual measurement of multi-physics coupling loads in the near field of sympathetic detonation. By characterizing multiple parameters such as the velocity of the expanding particles in the shell, the dispersion velocity of fragment groups at different locations, and the number and size of fragment groups, it can achieve a quantitative evaluation of the near-field distribution characteristics of the load of dense fragment groups. It optimizes the shortcomings of existing sympathetic detonation near-field dense fragment group testing systems, such as the difficulty in synchronous testing of multiple fragment velocities and the unclear characterization of fragment group characteristic parameters. The experimental testing system and method of the present invention can realize the coordinated testing of the shell expansion velocity, the dispersion velocity of multiple fragments at different locations, and the size and number of fragments in the near field of sympathetic detonation. It can also dynamically capture the fragment group formation and dispersion process through a visual laser schlieren device, and realize the quantitative characterization of the evolution characteristics of multiple characteristic parameters of fragment groups. Furthermore, it can realize the joint and accurate measurement of load characteristic parameters such as the explosion shock wave and dense fragment groups in the near field of sympathetic detonation, thereby providing a basis for the quantitative characterization and evaluation of the multi-physics coupling effect field of sympathetic detonation.

[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for quantitatively characterizing the effect field of sympathetic detonation multi-physical coupling, characterized in that, include: Step S1: Construct a test system for characterizing the multi-physics coupling effect field of the test charge module and the sympathetic detonation; The testing system includes: a fragment group size and quantity analysis module, a fragment group velocity measurement module, an explosion shock wave overpressure testing module, and a sympathetic detonation visualization characterization module; The test charge module includes: a main charge and a secondary charge; The fragment group size and quantity analysis module is used to obtain the load penetration and perforation number and perforation area of ​​the near-field fragment group formed after the detonation of the main charge and the charged charge during the sympathetic detonation process. The explosion shock wave overpressure test module is used to test the near-field explosion shock wave overpressure parameters after the test charge module is detonated; the near-field ground reflection overpressure test system and the free field overpressure test system are placed on the side of the main charge and the charged charge, respectively; the free field sensor includes a disc-shaped guide plate and a second sensor sensitive element. The disc-shaped guide plate adopts a conical disc configuration, and the circumferential edge position is treated with transition rounded corners; The fragmentation group velocity measurement module is used to measure the near-field dense fragmentation group velocity parameters after the test charge module is detonated; the bottom effect target is set at the bottom of the main charge and the launched charge; two PDV velocity measurement systems are respectively placed in the middle of the main charge and the launched charge casing; the PDV velocity measurement system is used to acquire the velocity history of the expanded particles in the casing after the test charge module is detonated; the detonation visualization characterization module is used to measure the dynamic response process image of the detonation test after the test charge module is detonated; Step S2: Detonate the test charge module; Step S3: Near-field overpressure equivalent factor In the formula, ω T The TNT equivalent of the sympathetic detonation test, ω T0 The equivalent of TNT in a sympathetic detonation when the charged explosive charge is fully detonated; fragment load size equivalence factor. In the formula, L The diameter of the perforation in the bottom effect target. The diameter of the target perforation at the bottom effect when the charged explosive undergoes complete detonation; fragment load equivalent factor. In the formula, V max The peak velocity of the expanding particles on the surface of the propellant casing. V 0 represents the peak velocity of the fragmentation group during the complete detonation of the charged explosive; the equivalent TNT equivalent in the sympathetic detonation test. ω T The near-field incident peak overpressure was obtained based on experimental testing. p imax We can deduce this by working backwards; right η 1. η 2. η 3. The equivalent factor of the characteristic parameter of the sympathetic explosion effect field is obtained by weighted averaging. Combined with the characteristic parameter equivalent factor of the sympathetic explosion effect field η Based on the response process images, the level of the secondary detonation reaction of the fired charge can be determined.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fragment group size and quantity analysis module includes: a lateral effect target; a bottom effect target for obtaining the axial perforation size and deformation deflection of the fragment group formed by the test charge module; and a lateral effect target for obtaining the radial perforation number and perforation area of ​​the fragment group formed after the test charge module is detonated.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fragment size and quantity analysis module also includes a recovery sandbox; the test charge module and the bottom effect target are both located on the upper part of the recovery sandbox; the recovery sandbox is used to collect and recover residual fragments at the bottom.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The lateral effect target includes a steel backplate, an aluminum panel, and a support assembly. The support assembly is used to support and fix the steel backplate and the aluminum panel. The aluminum panel is located on the side facing the charge module to be tested and is used to obtain the number and area of ​​radial perforations in the fragment group. The steel backplate is located behind the aluminum panel and is used to prevent the fragment group from continuously scattering outward.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fragment group velocity measurement module includes: a laser velocity measurement target and a laser schlieren velocity measurement system; the laser velocity measurement target is used to obtain the instantaneous velocity at typical locations of the fragment group; the laser schlieren velocity measurement system is used to visualize and obtain the instantaneous velocity of the fragment group at different scattering times.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-3 and 5, characterized in that, The sympathetic explosion visualization module includes a second high-speed camera, a reflective screen, and a synchronous triggering system, and is protected by a protective sand wall.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The secondary explosion visualization module and the fragment group velocity measurement module are both arranged behind the protective sand wall; the protective sand wall consists of two parallel blocks with a gap between them, which is used to allow the light after the explosion to be projected onto the reflective screen.

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