Large casting ladle stabilizing device based on laser measurement and positioning pouring method

Abstract

The present application relates to large-scale casting ladle stabilizing device based on laser measurement, belongs to metal casting technical field, aims at solving the technical problems of existing large-scale casting ladle shaking, low positioning accuracy, manual intervention and casting mold unable to adjust the distance between the ladle in real time. The device includes a crane system, a rotating mechanism, a ladle, a stabilizing assembly, a mold, an adjusting assembly, a total control cabinet system and a laser scanner; The crane system realizes the three-dimensional movement of the ladle, the rotating mechanism drives the ladle to overturn, the stabilizing assembly limits the ladle to prevent shaking, the laser scanner detects the distance between the ladle nozzle and the pouring basin in real time, the total control cabinet system controls the adjusting assembly to drive the mold to move to adjust the distance according to the detection data, and the matching sliding assembly is suitable for different size molds, and the corresponding positioning pouring method is disclosed. The present application improves the stability and accuracy of pouring, reduces casting defects, reduces manual strength, and adapts to different specifications of large-scale casting pouring requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metal casting technology and relates to a large casting ladle stabilization device and positioning pouring method based on laser measurement. Background Technology

[0002] As core basic components in equipment manufacturing, energy and power, metallurgy and heavy industry, the casting quality of large castings directly determines the operational stability and service life of downstream large equipment. The pouring process is a key process in the casting and forming of large castings. The positioning accuracy of the ladle, the stability of hoisting, and the precision of pouring molten metal all play a decisive role in the forming quality of large castings.

[0003] Currently, the weight of large castings can reach tens or even hundreds of tons, and the corresponding mold size and height also increase accordingly. The pouring operation requires the use of a crane system to lift the ladle to complete the transfer and pouring of high-temperature molten metal. The existing technology for pouring large castings has a simple ladle matching device structure and does not have a dedicated positioning, stabilizing and adjusting structure. The overall pouring operation still relies heavily on manual operation and experience judgment, which is difficult to meet the stringent process requirements of large casting pouring operations.

[0004] In current casting operations, the ladle is simply suspended from the hook of the overhead crane system by a simple lifting device. There is no anti-sway stabilizing structure during the lifting process. Due to the high center of gravity of the ladle and the long lifting distance, the ladle is prone to swaying and displacement in the front-back and left-right directions during the horizontal sliding and vertical lifting of the overhead crane system. During casting, operators need to use long poles and other tools to assist in stabilizing the ladle at close range. This not only greatly increases the labor intensity of the operators, but also poses a serious personal safety hazard because the operators are close to the high-temperature molten metal. Furthermore, the swaying of the ladle can easily cause molten metal to splash, resulting in material waste and potentially causing high-temperature damage to the equipment.

[0005] In the alignment process between the ladle and the mold, it is entirely dependent on the operator's visual inspection, which makes it impossible to achieve precise alignment between the ladle spout and the mold pouring basin. Alignment deviations can easily lead to casting defects such as molten metal splashing, uneven pouring, incomplete pouring, and slag entrapment, significantly increasing the scrap rate of large castings. At the same time, the mold is mostly placed in a fixed position at the pouring station, making it impossible to adjust the distance between the mold and the ladle spout in real time according to the flow state of the molten metal during the pouring process, further aggravating the pouring deviation problem.

[0006] Therefore, we propose a large casting ladle stabilization device and positioning pouring method based on laser measurement to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a large casting ladle stabilization device and a positioning and pouring method based on laser measurement.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a large casting ladle stabilization device based on laser measurement, comprising: a crane system installed on a factory support frame, the crane system including a bridge, a trolley traveling mechanism, a hook, a trolley traveling mechanism and a lifting system, the bridge being slidably connected to the support frame through two sets of trolley traveling mechanisms, the trolley traveling mechanism being slidably connected to the bridge, the lifting system being bolted to the upper surface of the trolley traveling mechanism, and the hook being connected to the steel cable end of the lifting system;

[0009] The ladle is composed of a ladle body, a ladle nozzle, a ladle liner, and a rotating mechanism;

[0010] The slewing mechanism includes a hanger, a reducer, and a motor. The hanger is suspended and fixed to a hook. The hanger is rotatably connected to the outside of the ladle via a rotating shaft. The reducer is welded and fixed to one side of the hanger. The output end of the motor is fixed to the input end of the reducer. The output end of the reducer is fixed to the rotating shaft. The motor drives the ladle to rotate via the reducer.

[0011] The stabilizing component includes two guide rods I and a positioning plate. The two guide rods I are welded and fixed in parallel to the side of the hanger facing the trolley running mechanism. The positioning plate is sleeved on the outer wall of the two guide rods I and welded and fixed to the bottom end of the guide rods I. When the hanger rises to the set height, the end of the guide rod I away from the hanger is inserted into the positioning hole of the trolley running mechanism. The positioning plate is in contact with the upper surface of the trolley running mechanism to limit the ladle in the front, back, left and right directions and prevent the ladle from swinging.

[0012] A casting mold is located below the traveling system, and a pouring basin is provided on the top of the casting mold;

[0013] The system includes a main control cabinet system and a laser scanner. The main control cabinet system is located on one side of the mold. The laser scanner faces the relative position of the ladle nozzle and the pouring basin. The laser scanner detects the distance between the ladle nozzle and the pouring basin in real time, and the detection data is transmitted to the main control cabinet system.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0015] Two symmetrically distributed rotating plates are rotatably connected to one side of the hanger. A limiting pin is fixedly installed between the two rotating plates. A limiting seat located between the two rotating plates is welded and fixed to the top of the ladle. After the inner side of the rotating plate is in contact with the limiting seat, the limiting pin is inserted into the rotating plate to limit the movement of the ladle and prevent it from accidentally overturning.

[0016] It also includes an adjustment assembly, which includes two limiting shafts and two electric push rods. The two limiting shafts are welded and fixed to both sides of the hanger, and the two electric push rods are respectively sleeved on the outer wall of the corresponding limiting shafts. The other end of the two electric push rods is fixed with a connecting rod.

[0017] Two connecting seats are welded and fixed to the side of the mold near the pouring basin. The top of the connecting seats has a U-shaped opening. The connecting rod is inserted into the U-shaped opening. The electric push rod extends and retracts to drive the mold to move and adjust the distance between the pouring basin and the spout.

[0018] The outer wall of the connecting rod is fitted with two rollers, which are respectively located near both ends of the connecting rod to prevent the bottom of the electric push rod from contacting the ground.

[0019] The limiting shaft includes a connecting shaft, a sliding block, a limiting block, and a rotating ring. The connecting shaft is fixed to one side of the hanger. An annular groove is formed on the outer wall of the connecting shaft. The sliding block is bolted to the inner wall of the annular groove. The rotating ring is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting shaft. The limiting block is welded and fixed to the inner side of the rotating ring and fits against the sliding block. One end of the electric push rod is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating ring. The sliding block and the limiting block cooperate to limit the rotation angle of the rotating ring, thereby realizing the angle adjustment of the electric push rod.

[0020] It also includes two sets of sliding components, which are symmetrically arranged below the mold. Each sliding component includes a mounting base, a guide rod II, and two sliders. The mounting base is embedded in the ground, the guide rod II is bolted to the inside of the mounting base, and the two sliders are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod II. The bottom of the mold has an insertion hole, and the top of the slider is inserted into the insertion hole. The mold slides along the guide rod II with the slider.

[0021] One of the sliders is rotatably connected to a screw via a bearing on one side, and the other slider is threaded onto the outer wall of the screw. A rectangular pad is welded and fixed to one end of the screw. A wrench holds the rectangular pad and drives the screw to rotate, causing the two sliders to move towards or away from each other along the guide rod II. The distance between the two sliders is adjusted to fit molds of different sizes.

[0022] It also includes a bracket, one end of which is welded and fixed to the top of the main control cabinet system, and the other end of which is bolted to the laser scanner. The bracket is a bendable metal bracket to adjust the detection angle and height of the laser scanner and ensure detection accuracy.

[0023] The bridge frame, the trolley traveling mechanism, and the trolley traveling mechanism are all slidably connected by pulleys. The lifting system drives the hook to rise and fall vertically by winding and unwinding the steel cable. The horizontal sliding of the trolley traveling mechanism and the vertical lifting of the hook work together to adjust the position of the ladle in three-dimensional space.

[0024] A laser-based method for positioning and pouring large castings, applied to the aforementioned laser-based ladle stabilization device for large castings, includes the following steps:

[0025] S1. Hold the rectangular pad with a wrench and rotate the screw to adjust the distance between the two sliders. Place the mold on the sliding assembly so that the top of the slider is inserted into the insertion hole at the bottom of the mold.

[0026] S2. The main control cabinet system controls the horizontal sliding of the trolley and gantry traveling mechanisms of the crane system, and at the same time controls the lifting system to drive the hook to lift and lower, so as to lift the ladle to the top of the mold. At the same time, the lifting frame rises to the set height, the guide rod I is inserted into the positioning hole of the gantry traveling mechanism, and the positioning plate is attached to the upper surface of the gantry traveling mechanism to achieve stable positioning of the ladle. The laser scanner detects the distance between the ladle nozzle and the pouring basin in real time and transmits the data to the main control cabinet system.

[0027] S3. The main control cabinet system controls the pouring ladle to descend based on the detection data, so that the connecting rod is engaged in the U-shaped opening of the connecting seat;

[0028] S4. Rotate the rotating plate to move it away from the limit seat and release the ladle's flipping limit;

[0029] S5. The main control cabinet system controls the motor to work. The motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the reducer and causes the ladle to flip. The molten metal in the ladle flows into the pouring basin through the ladle nozzle and enters the mold to complete the pouring.

[0030] S6. During the pouring process, the laser scanner continuously detects the spacing. If the flow of molten metal deviates, the main control cabinet system controls the extension and retraction of the electric push rod to drive the mold to move and adjust the spacing.

[0031] S7. After the pouring is completed, the main control cabinet system controls the motor to work in reverse to drive the pouring ladle to reset, and controls the lifting system and the crane system to lift the pouring ladle to the designated position.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0033] 1. The large casting ladle stabilization device based on laser measurement disclosed in this invention uses a laser scanner to obtain the relative distance between the ladle nozzle and the pouring basin in real time in a non-contact detection method. The detection data can be directly fed back to the main control cabinet system. The operator controls the adjustment components to drive the mold to move smoothly according to the data, and completes the precise alignment of the two. In addition, the spacing can be adjusted in real time according to the flow state of the molten metal during the pouring process, so as to avoid casting defects such as uneven pouring and insufficient pouring from the source, and greatly improve the casting quality of large castings.

[0034] 2. The laser measurement-based large casting ladle stabilization device disclosed in this invention has a guide rod I of the stabilization component that is inserted into the positioning hole of the trolley running mechanism, which can rigidly limit the front, back, left and right positions of the ladle, avoiding the ladle from swaying and displacement due to its high center of gravity and large lifting distance. It completely solves the problems of metal splashing and slag entrapment caused by ladle instability in traditional casting, and improves the stability of the casting process.

[0035] 3. The large casting ladle stabilization device based on laser measurement disclosed in this invention can effectively limit the rotation angle of the ladle through the cooperation of the rotating plate, the limiting pin and the limiting seat, to prevent the ladle from overturning and causing the molten metal to spill, further avoiding material waste during the pouring process, and also reducing equipment damage caused by the spillage of molten metal, thus improving the controllability of the pouring operation.

[0036] 4. The laser-based ladle stabilization device for large castings disclosed in this invention has a sliding component that allows the distance between two sliders to be adjusted by rotating a screw, making it adaptable to molds with different bottom sizes. This eliminates the need for customized equipment for castings of different specifications. The limiting shaft allows for flexible adjustment of the electric push rod angle, matching different pouring positions and mold layout requirements, effectively improving the versatility of the device and reducing the investment cost of production equipment.

[0037] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the large casting ladle stabilization device based on laser measurement according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the rotary mechanism of the laser measurement-based large casting ladle stabilization device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating plate and limiting seat structure of the large casting ladle stabilization device based on laser measurement according to the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the limiting shaft of the large casting ladle stabilization device based on laser measurement according to the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the casting mold structure of the large casting ladle stabilization device based on laser measurement according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sliding component of the laser measurement-based large casting ladle stabilization device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the laser scanner structure of the large casting ladle stabilization device based on laser measurement according to the present invention.

[0046] Reference numerals: 1. Support frame; 2. Rotary mechanism; 3. Ladle; 31. Ladle nozzle; 4. Mold; 5. Sliding assembly; 6. Main control cabinet system; 7. Laser scanner; 8. Adjustment assembly; 9. Bracket; 11. Cable tray; 12. Trolley traveling mechanism; 13. Hook; 14. Auxiliary trolley traveling mechanism; 15. Lifting system; 21. Hanger; 23. Reducer; 24. Guide rod I; 25. Positioning plate; 26. Rotary... 27. Moving plate; 28. Limit pin; 49. Limit seat; 40. Sprue bowl; 41. Connecting seat; 42. U-shaped opening; 51. Mounting seat; 52. Slider; 53. Screw; 54. Rectangular pad; 55. Guide rod II; 81. Electric push rod; 82. Connecting rod; 83. Roller; 84. Limiting shaft; 841. Connecting shaft; 842. Rotating ring; 843. Annular groove; 844. Limiting block; 845. Sliding block. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0048] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0049] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] like Figures 1-7 As shown, the large casting ladle stabilization device based on laser measurement is suitable for pouring operations in the casting process of large castings. The various components of the device work together to achieve stable lifting of the ladle, precise adjustment of its spatial position, and real-time adjustment of the distance between the ladle nozzle and the mold pouring basin. This effectively avoids the ladle from swaying during lifting and pouring, and reduces problems such as molten metal splashing and pouring deviation. The following describes the device in detail with reference to the connection method, structural fit relationship and working principle of each component.

[0052] The overhead crane system is the overall lifting and moving load-bearing structure for the device. It consists of a bridge frame 11 mounted on the plant support frame 1, a trolley traveling mechanism 12, a hook 13, a trolley traveling mechanism 14, and a lifting system 15. The support frame 1, installed inside the plant as the supporting foundation for the overhead crane, is constructed from welded steel sections. Horizontal guide rails are installed on the frame to provide sliding support for the trolley traveling mechanism 12. The trolley traveling mechanism 12 is connected to the guide rails of the support frame 1 via pulleys and can move along the longitudinal span of the plant, thereby achieving horizontal position adjustment of the device. A bridge frame 11 connects the two sets of trolley traveling mechanisms 12. The trolley traveling mechanism 14 is connected to the bridge frame 11 via pulleys and can move laterally along the bridge frame 11. The movement directions of the trolley traveling mechanism 14 and the trolley traveling mechanism 12 are perpendicular to each other. The lifting system 15 is fixed to the lower surface of the trolley traveling mechanism 14 by bolts. The hook 13 is connected to the end of the steel cable of the lifting system 15. The lifting system 15 realizes the vertical lifting and lowering of the hook 13 through the winding and unwinding action of the steel cable. The horizontal sliding of the trolley traveling mechanism 12 and the trolley traveling mechanism 14, in conjunction with the lifting system 15, drives the vertical lifting and lowering of the hook 13. This enables the subsequent components connected to the hook 13 to be adjusted in three-dimensional space, meeting the position adjustment requirements of different work positions during the casting of large castings. It should be noted that the trolley system in this solution is an existing product. This equipment is called a double-girder bridge crane, model QE63 (32+32t), and the manufacturer is Newcolon (Xinxiang) Crane Co., Ltd.

[0053] The slewing mechanism 2 is mounted on the hook 13 and can synchronously perform lifting, lowering, and horizontal sliding movements with the hook 13. The slewing mechanism 2 includes a hanger 21 and a reducer 23. The hanger 21 is made of steel plates spliced ​​and welded together, and its top end is integrally formed with a hanging ring, which is directly hung on the hook 13 to realize the movable connection between the slewing mechanism 2 and the traveling system. The bottom end of the hanger 21 is connected to the ladle 3 through a rotating shaft. The reducer 23 is fixed to one side of the hanger 21 by flange bolts. The output end of the reducer 23 is fixedly connected to the end of the shaft. The input end of the reducer 23 is fixedly connected to the motor. Both the motor and the reducer 23 are wrapped with aluminum silicate heat insulation cotton layer. The outside of the heat insulation cotton layer is covered with a stainless steel heat insulation shell to reduce the impact of high temperature heat radiation on the motor and the reducer. The output torque generated by the motor is reduced and increased by the reducer 23 and then transmitted to the shaft to drive the ladle 3 to complete the flipping action and realize the pouring operation of molten metal. The reducer 23 can reduce the output speed of the motor and ensure the smoothness of the ladle 3 flipping process.

[0054] The hanger 21 is also equipped with a stabilizing component, which works in conjunction with the trolley running mechanism 14 to stabilize and limit the pouring ladle 3 after it rises to the pouring height. The stabilizing component includes two guide rods I 24 and a positioning plate 25. The two guide rods I 24 are parallel to each other and are fixed to the side of the hanger 21 facing the trolley running mechanism 14 by welding. The positioning plate 25 is a rectangular steel plate with two through holes that are adapted to the guide rods I 24. The outer walls of the two guide rods I 24 pass through the same through hole in the positioning plate 25, and the positioning plate 25 is welded and fixed to the bottom of the end of the guide rod I 24 away from the hanger 21. When the lifting system 15 raises the hanger 21 to the set pouring height, the ends of the two guide rods I 24 away from the hanger 21 are directly inserted into the preset positioning holes of the trolley running mechanism 14. The positioning plate 25 is tightly attached to the upper surface of the trolley running mechanism 14. Through the insertion and cooperation of the guide rods I 24 and the positioning holes, the front, back, left and right positions of the hanger 21 are rigidly limited, thereby achieving stable positioning of the ladle 3 and preventing the ladle 3 from swinging due to external forces during hoisting and pouring, thus improving the stability of the pouring process.

[0055] The mold 4 is located directly below the traveling system and placed at the preset ground position of the pouring station. The mold 4 is a resin sand mold, and its top is equipped with a separately made pouring basin 41. The interior of the pouring basin 41 has an overall conical structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. Its bottom is equipped with a pouring gate that matches the sprue, which facilitates the reception, buffering and guiding of the molten metal into the mold 4 smoothly, reducing splashing of the molten metal during the receiving process. The molten metal enters the mold 4 through the pouring basin 41 and the pouring gate, completing the pouring operation of the large casting.

[0056] The hanger 21 is also equipped with an adjustment component 8, which is used to adjust the distance between the spout 31 of the pouring ladle 3 and the pouring basin 41 in real time. The adjustment component 8 includes a limiting shaft 84, an electric push rod 81 and a connecting rod 82. There are two limiting shafts 84, which are welded and fixed on the left and right sides of the hanger 21 respectively. Each limiting shaft 84 is fitted with an electric push rod 81. The output ends of the two electric push rods 81 are connected to the same connecting rod 82 through and fixedly connected. The connecting rod 82 is a round steel structure, and its length is adapted to the width of the hanger 21 to ensure that the extension and retraction of the two electric push rods 81 can drive the connecting rod 82 to move synchronously.

[0057] Two connecting seats 42 are welded and fixed on the side of the mold 4 near the pouring basin 41. The two connecting seats 42 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right. The top of the connecting seat 42 has a U-shaped opening 43. The inner diameter of the U-shaped opening 43 is adapted to the outer diameter of the connecting rod 82. The connecting rod 82 can be inserted into the U-shaped opening 43 to achieve cooperation with the connecting seat 42. When the ladle 3 is adjusted to the upper part of the pouring position by the trolley system, the connecting rod 82 is inserted into the U-shaped opening 43 of the two connecting seats 42. The electric push rod 81 is activated. The output end of the electric push rod 81 extends or retracts, which can drive the connecting rod 82 to move horizontally. The connecting rod 82 drives the mold 4 to move horizontally in sync through the cooperation of the U-shaped opening 43, thereby realizing the adjustment of the distance between the pouring basin 41 and the ladle nozzle 31. The flow position of the molten metal can be matched in real time according to the pouring state of the molten metal to ensure the pouring accuracy.

[0058] The limiting shaft component 84 includes a connecting shaft 841, an annular groove 843, a sliding block 845, a limiting block 844, and a rotating ring 842. The connecting shaft 841 is a round steel structure, which is fixed to one side of the hanger 21 by welding. The outer wall of the connecting shaft 841 is provided with an annular groove 843 along the circumference. The sliding block 845 is fixed to the inner side wall of the annular groove 843 by bolts. The limiting block 844 is also provided in the annular groove 843. The limiting block 844 and the sliding block 845 fit together to limit the rotation angle of the rotating ring 842. The rotating ring 842 is a circular steel structure, which is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting shaft 841, and the limiting block 844 is welded and fixed on the inner side wall of the rotating ring 842. The fixed end of the electric push rod 81 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating ring 842 through a clamp-type structure. The rotating ring 842 can rotate freely around the connecting shaft 841. The close cooperation between the sliding block 845 and the limiting block 844 can prevent the rotating ring 842 from rotating excessively, thereby limiting the adjustment angle of the electric push rod 81 and thus controlling the rotation direction of the electric push rod 81.

[0059] The device also includes two sets of sliding components 5, which are symmetrically arranged below the mold 4 to provide guidance and support for the horizontal movement of the mold 4. Each sliding component 5 includes a mounting base 51, a guide rod II 55, and sliders 52. The mounting base 51 is a channel-shaped steel structure, welded from steel profiles, and is directly embedded in a pre-set groove in the ground of the pouring station. The upper surface of the mounting base 51 is flush with the ground to ensure the stability of the mold 4. The guide rod II 55 is fixed inside the mounting base 51 by bolts. Two sliders 52 are slidably fitted on the outer wall of the guide rod II 55. The sliders 52 have sliding holes inside that are compatible with the guide rod II 55. The sliders 52 slide along the length of the guide rod II 55 through the cooperation of the sliding holes and the guide rod II 55. A tubular dust cover is fitted on the outer wall of the guide rod II 55, and both ends of the tubular dust cover are fixed to the inner wall of the mounting base 51. The bottom of the mold 4 is provided with a corresponding insertion hole, and the top of the slider 52 is directly inserted into the insertion hole to realize the cooperation between the mold 4 and the sliding component 5. The mold 4 can slide smoothly along the length direction of the guide rod II 55 with the slider 52. The guide rod II 55 can provide linear guidance for the movement of the mold 4, ensuring the linearity of the movement of the mold 4 and avoiding deviation during the movement.

[0060] The main control cabinet system 6 is placed on the ground on one side of the mold 4. The top of the main control cabinet system 6 is connected to the laser scanner 7 via the bracket 9. The bracket 9 is a bendable metal bracket, and its bending angle can be freely adjusted. It can adjust the detection angle and detection height of the laser scanner 7 according to the actual detection needs, so as to ensure that the detection end of the laser scanner 7 can be accurately oriented towards the relative position of the spout 31 of the ladle 3 and the pouring basin 41. The laser scanner 7 adopts a non-contact laser scanning detection method. It is covered with a high-temperature resistant and dustproof protective cover. The front of the protective cover is equipped with a high-transmittance quartz glass window. The laser scanner 7 is directed towards the relative position of the spout 31 of the ladle 3 and the pouring basin 41. It can detect the straight-line distance between the spout 31 of the ladle 3 and the pouring basin 41 in real time. The detected data is transmitted in real time to the controller inside the main control cabinet system 6 via a data cable. The operator can directly view the detection data through the display screen of the main control cabinet system 6 and control the electric push rod 81 to work according to the detection data through the control buttons of the main control cabinet system 6, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the distance between the pouring basin 41 and the spout 31 of the ladle 3. Meanwhile, the main control cabinet system 6 has a built-in PLC controller. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the laser scanner 7, the motor that drives the ladle 3 to rotate, the electric push rod 81, the lifting system 15, and the sliding drive component of the trolley system. The detection signal of the laser scanner 7 is transmitted to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller issues control commands to each electric component according to the detection signal, realizing integrated operation of the pouring operation and reducing the steps of manual operation.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] Reference Figures 1-7 This invention provides a new technical solution: a large casting ladle stabilization device based on laser measurement. Two rotating plates 26 are rotatably arranged on one side of the hanger 21. The two rotating plates 26 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the rotating shaft. One end of the rotating plate 26 is connected to the hanger 21 through a pin and can rotate freely around the pin. The other end of the two rotating plates 26 is provided with a pin hole, through which a limiting pin 27 is fixed. The limiting pin 27 can fix the ends of the two rotating plates 26. A limiting seat 28 is welded and fixed to the top of the ladle 3. The limiting seat 28 is a block steel structure and is located exactly between two rotating plates 26. The contact surface between the limiting seat 28 and the rotating plates 26 is a flat plane. When it is not necessary to rotate the ladle 3 to change the pouring angle, the two rotating plates 26 are rotated so that their inner sides are tightly fitted with the two sides of the limiting seat 28. Then, the limiting pin 27 is inserted into the pin holes of the two rotating plates 26 to limit the position of the rotating plates 26. Through the rigid limiting effect of the two rotating plates 26 on the limiting seat 28, the continued rotation of the ladle 3 is restricted, thereby limiting the rotation angle of the ladle 3 and preventing the molten metal in the ladle 3 from spilling when it is not necessary to tilt it.

[0063] Two rollers 83 are rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rod 82. The two rollers 83 are respectively located near the two ends of the connecting rod 82. The rollers 83 are made of wear-resistant material and have a diameter larger than the diameter of the shaft end of the electric push rod 81. The rollers 83 can roll when they contact the ground.

[0064] One of the sliders 52 has a screw 53 rotatably mounted on one side via a bearing. The other slider 52 has a threaded hole inside that matches the external thread of the screw 53. The end of the screw 53 furthest from the bearing is threaded into this threaded hole. Due to the limiting effect of the guide rod II 55 on the two sliders 52, the sliders 52 cannot rotate synchronously with the screw 53. Therefore, when the screw 53 is rotated, the two sliders 52 will move horizontally towards or away from each other along the guide rod II 55, thereby adjusting the distance between the two sliders 52. This allows it to adapt to molds 4 with different bottom sizes and meet the casting requirements of large castings of different specifications. A telescopic dustproof sleeve is fitted on the outside of the screw 53, and the two ends of the dustproof sleeve are fixedly connected to the two sliders 52 respectively. A rectangular pad 54 is welded to one end of the screw 53. The rectangular pad 54 is a cuboid steel structure that can be used with a regular wrench. The operator can use the wrench to hold the rectangular pad 54 and rotate it to drive the screw 53 to rotate, thereby adjusting the distance between the two sliders 52. No special adjustment tools are required, which improves the convenience of operation.

[0065] The overall working principle of the device is as follows: Before operation, according to the bottom size of the mold 4 to be used, the screw 53 is rotated by holding the rectangular pad 54 with a wrench. The screw 53 drives the two sliders 52 to move towards or away from each other along the guide rod II 55. The distance between the two sliders 52 is adjusted to match the insertion hole at the bottom of the mold 4. Then the mold 4 is placed on the sliding assembly 5 so that the top of the slider 52 is inserted into the insertion hole at the bottom of the mold 4, thus completing the placement and positioning of the mold 4.

[0066] Next, the operator issues control commands through the main control cabinet system 6 to control the trolley traveling mechanism 12 of the overhead crane system to move along the longitudinal span of the factory building on the bridge 11 and the trolley traveling mechanism 14 to slide laterally along the bridge 11. Simultaneously, the operator controls the lifting system 15 to rewind or unwind the steel cable, thereby raising or lowering the hook 13. This lifts the slewing mechanism 2, which is suspended on the hook 13, and the ladle 3, fixed within the slewing mechanism 2, to the top of the mold 4. During the ascent, the ends of the two guide rods I 24 on the lifting frame 21, away from the lifting frame 21, are inserted into the pre-set positioning holes of the trolley traveling mechanism 14. The positioning plate 25 is tightly fitted to the upper surface of the trolley traveling mechanism 14. Through the insertion and engagement of the guide rods I 24 with the positioning holes, the front-back, left-right, and right positions of the lifting frame 21 are rigidly limited, achieving stable positioning of the ladle 3 and preventing it from swaying during pouring. The operator then rotates the two rotating plates 26, moving the inner side of the rotating plates 26 away from the limiting seat 28 at the top of the ladle 3.

[0067] Meanwhile, the laser scanner 7 on top of the main control cabinet system 6 is always in operation, using a non-contact scanning method to detect the distance between the spout 31 of the ladle 3 and the pouring basin 41 in real time, and transmits the detection data to the controller of the main control cabinet system 6 in real time. Based on the detection data on the display screen of the main control cabinet system 6, the operator controls the ladle 3 to descend again through the main control cabinet system 6, so that the connecting rod 82 and the U-shaped opening 43 on the connecting seat 42 can be engaged.

[0068] After the preparation work for pouring is completed, the operator controls the motor connected to the reducer 23 through the main control cabinet system 6. The torque generated by the motor is reduced and increased by the reducer 23 and then transmitted to the rotating shaft, driving the ladle 3 to rotate synchronously. The molten metal in the ladle 3 flows out through the ladle nozzle 31 with the rotation action, and flows smoothly into the mold 4 through the trumpet-shaped pouring basin 41. Then it is introduced into the gating channel of the mold 4 by the mold 4 to complete the pouring of molten metal.

[0069] During the pouring process, the laser scanner 7 continuously monitors the distance between the spout 31 of the ladle 3 and the pouring basin 41. If the flow of molten metal deviates, the operator can control the electric push rod 81 to extend and retract based on the real-time detection data of the laser scanner 7 through the main control cabinet system 6. This adjusts the position of the mold 4 in real time, changing the distance between the pouring basin 41 and the spout 31 of the ladle 3, ensuring that the molten metal always falls smoothly into the pouring basin 41, guaranteeing the accuracy and stability of the pouring. After pouring is completed, the operator controls the motor to work in reverse through the main control cabinet system 6, resetting the ladle 3. Then, the operator pulls out the limit pin 27, rotates the rotating plate 26 to limit the angle of the ladle 3, controls the lifting system 15 to unwind the steel cable to lower the ladle 3, and simultaneously controls the crane system to slide and lift the ladle 3 to the designated position, completing the entire pouring operation.

[0070] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the driving system and the laser scanner 7 are conventional means or common knowledge, and will not be described in detail here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large casting ladle stabilization device based on laser measurement, comprising: A crane system installed on a factory support frame (1), the crane system including a bridge frame (11), a trolley traveling mechanism (12), a hook (13), a trolley traveling mechanism (14) and a lifting system (15), the bridge frame (11) being slidably connected to the support frame (1) via two sets of trolley traveling mechanisms (12), the trolley traveling mechanism (14) being slidably connected to the bridge frame (11), the lifting system (15) being bolted to the upper surface of the trolley traveling mechanism (14), and the hook (13) being connected to the steel cable end of the lifting system (15), characterized in that; The ladle (3) consists of a ladle body, a ladle nozzle (31), a ladle liner, and a rotating mechanism (2); The slewing mechanism (2) includes a hanger (21), a reducer (23) and a motor. The hanger (21) is hung and fixed to the hook (13). The hanger (21) is rotatably connected to the outside of the ladle (3) through a rotating shaft. The reducer (23) is welded and fixed to one side of the hanger (21). The output end of the motor is fixed to the input end of the reducer (23). The output end of the reducer (23) is fixed to the rotating shaft. The motor drives the ladle (3) to rotate through the reducer (23). The stabilizing component includes two guide rods I (24) and a positioning plate (25). The two guide rods I (24) are welded and fixed to the side of the hanger (21) facing the trolley running mechanism (14). The positioning plate (25) is sleeved on the outer wall of the two guide rods I (24) and welded and fixed to the bottom end of the guide rods I (24). When the hanger (21) rises to the set height, the end of the guide rod I (24) away from the hanger (21) is inserted into the positioning hole of the trolley running mechanism (14). The positioning plate (25) is in contact with the upper surface of the trolley running mechanism (14) to limit the ladle (3) in front, behind and to the left and right, so as to prevent the ladle (3) from swinging. The mold (4) is located below the traveling system, and the top of the mold (4) is provided with a pouring basin (41). The main control cabinet system (6) and the laser scanner (7) are located on one side of the mold (4). The laser scanner (7) faces the relative position of the spout (31) of the ladle (3) and the pouring basin (41). The laser scanner (7) detects the distance between the spout (31) of the ladle (3) and the pouring basin (41) in real time, and transmits the detection data to the main control cabinet system (6). It also includes an adjustment assembly (8), which includes two limiting shafts (84) and two electric push rods (81). The two limiting shafts (84) are welded and fixed to both sides of the hanger (21), and the two electric push rods (81) are respectively sleeved on the outer wall of the corresponding limiting shafts (84). The other end of the two electric push rods (81) is fixed with a connecting rod (82). Two connecting seats (42) are welded and fixed to the side of the mold (4) near the pouring basin (41). The top of the connecting seat (42) is provided with a U-shaped opening (43). The connecting rod (82) is inserted into the U-shaped opening (43). The electric push rod (81) extends and retracts to drive the mold (4) to move and adjust the distance between the pouring basin (41) and the spout (31). The outer wall of the connecting rod (82) is rotatably fitted with two rollers (83), and the two rollers (83) are respectively set close to both ends of the connecting rod (82) to prevent the bottom end of the electric push rod (81) from contacting the ground; The limiting shaft (84) includes a connecting shaft (841), a sliding block (845), a limiting block (844), and a rotating ring (842). The connecting shaft (841) is fixed to one side of the hanger (21). An annular groove (843) is provided on the outer wall of the connecting shaft (841). The sliding block (845) is bolted to the inner side wall of the annular groove (843). The rotating ring (842) is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting shaft (841). The limiting block (844) is welded and fixed to the inner side of the rotating ring (842) and fits against the sliding block (845). One end of the electric push rod (81) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating ring (842). The sliding block (845) and the limiting block (844) cooperate to limit the rotation angle of the rotating ring (842) to realize the angle adjustment of the electric push rod (81).

2. The large casting ladle stabilization device based on laser measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hanger (21) is rotatably connected to two symmetrically distributed rotating plates (26) on one side. A limiting pin (27) is fixedly provided between the two rotating plates (26). A limiting seat (28) located between the two rotating plates (26) is welded and fixed to the top of the ladle (3). After the inner side of the rotating plate (26) is in contact with the limiting seat (28), the limiting pin (27) is inserted into the rotating plate (26) to limit the movement of the ladle (3) and prevent the ladle (3) from accidentally overturning.

3. The large casting ladle stabilization device based on laser measurement according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes two sets of sliding components (5), which are symmetrically arranged below the mold (4). Each sliding component (5) includes a mounting base (51), a guide rod II (55), and two sliders (52). The mounting base (51) is embedded in the ground, and the guide rod II (55) is bolted to the inside of the mounting base (51). Both sliders (52) are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod II (55). The bottom of the mold (4) has an insertion hole, and the top of the slider (52) is inserted into the insertion hole. The mold (4) slides along the guide rod II (55) with the slider (52).

4. The large casting ladle stabilization device based on laser measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that, One of the sliders (52) is rotatably connected to a screw (53) via a bearing on one side, and the other slider (52) is threaded onto the outer wall of the screw (53). A rectangular pad (54) is welded to one end of the screw (53). A wrench holds the rectangular pad (54) and drives the screw (53) to rotate, causing the two sliders (52) to move towards or away from each other along the guide rod II (55). The distance between the two sliders (52) is adjusted to fit the mold (4) of different sizes.

5. The large casting ladle stabilization device based on laser measurement according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a bracket (9), one end of which is welded and fixed to the top of the main control cabinet system (6), and the other end of which is bolted to the laser scanner (7). The bracket (9) is a bendable metal bracket to adjust the detection angle and height of the laser scanner (7) to ensure detection accuracy.

6. The large casting ladle stabilization device based on laser measurement according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bridge frame (11), the trolley running mechanism (12) and the trolley running mechanism (14) are all connected by pulleys. The lifting system (15) drives the hook (13) to rise and fall vertically by winding and unwinding the steel cable. The horizontal sliding of the trolley running mechanism (12) and the trolley running mechanism (14) cooperates with the vertical lifting of the hook (13) to realize the position adjustment of the ladle (3) in three-dimensional space.

7. A laser-based method for positioning and pouring large castings, applied to the laser-based method for stabilizing large casting ladles as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Hold the rectangular pad (54) with a wrench and rotate the screw (53) to adjust the distance between the two sliders (52). Place the mold (4) on the sliding assembly (5) so that the top of the slider (52) is inserted into the insertion hole at the bottom of the mold (4). S2, the main control cabinet system (6) controls the horizontal sliding of the trolley running mechanism (12) and the trolley running mechanism (14) of the crane system, and at the same time controls the lifting system (15) to drive the hook (13) to lift and lower, so as to lift the ladle (3) to the top of the mold (4). At the same time, the hanger (21) rises to the set height, the guide rod I (24) is inserted into the positioning hole of the trolley running mechanism (14), and the positioning plate (25) is attached to the upper surface of the trolley running mechanism (14) to achieve stable positioning of the ladle (3). The laser scanner (7) detects the distance between the ladle nozzle (31) and the pouring basin (41) in real time and transmits the data to the main control cabinet system (6). S3, The main control cabinet system (6) controls the pouring ladle (3) to descend according to the detection data, so that the connecting rod (82) is inserted into the U-shaped opening (43) of the connecting seat (42). S4. Rotate the rotating plate (26) to move it away from the limiting seat (28) and release the flipping limit of the ladle (3); S5. The main control cabinet system (6) controls the motor to work. The motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the reducer (23) and drives the ladle (3) to flip. The molten metal in the ladle (3) flows into the pouring basin (41) through the ladle nozzle (31) and enters the mold (4) to complete the pouring. S6. During the pouring process, the laser scanner (7) continuously detects the spacing. If the flow state of the molten metal deviates, the main control cabinet system (6) controls the electric push rod (81) to extend and retract, driving the mold (4) to move to adjust the spacing. S7. After the pouring is completed, the main control cabinet system (6) controls the motor to work in reverse to drive the pouring ladle (3) to reset, and controls the lifting system (15) and the crane system to lift the pouring ladle (3) to the designated position.

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