A fusion power plant system based on multi-reactor and regenerative heat exchanger

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of nuclear fusion power generation, and more particularly to a fusion power plant system based on multi-reactor and one machine and heat accumulator, which is mainly aimed at the problems of unreasonable reactor-machine matching, dependence on large-scale energy storage system, poor switching reliability and insufficient passive safety, and proposes the following technical scheme, including a double-reactor energy supply unit, a heat accumulation and exchange unit, a single-machine generating unit, a loop driving unit and an alternating switching control unit; the double-reactor energy supply unit includes symmetrically structured Tokamak reactor A and Tokamak reactor B; the heat accumulation and exchange unit includes a heat accumulation and exchange device XH01 with built-in heat accumulation chambers A and B. The present application adopts multi-reactor and one machine matching and heat accumulation and exchange device design, balances pulse fluctuation without large-scale energy storage, adapts to mature large-capacity units, improves power generation efficiency and safety, and promotes the development of fusion power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear fusion power generation technology, and in particular to a fusion power plant system based on multiple reactors and a thermal storage heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] Nuclear fusion power generation, due to its abundant fuel reserves, clean and pollution-free operation, and high energy density, has become one of the core development directions for global energy transition. The design of fusion power generation systems must revolve around the energy characteristics of the fusion reactor and the matching logic between the heat source and the unit. However, current technology faces key constraints: the overall energy conversion efficiency of fusion power plants is approximately 0.3; current fusion reactors cannot achieve continuous ignition and combustion, and for a considerable period, the energy output of fusion reactors is pulsed. Existing fusion power plant schemes all adopt a framework of "one reactor, one generator" plus an additional energy storage system, such as CN113012837A, CN112967826A, and CN111075529B, which use molten salt and oil energy storage to balance pulse fluctuations and adapt to Rankine or Brayton cycle power generation. Patent CN105976873A proposes a future tokamak fusion reactor internal component cooling power generation system. This system mainly utilizes the heat generated by the blanket to drive the turbine for power generation and considers coolant purification and divertor heat recovery. Its core feature is a matching method of one reactor and one generator, using a Rankine cycle power generation scheme with a steam turbine driving a generator. However, for fusion reactors that will achieve steady-state operation in the future, there is no need to consider the regulation of energy fluctuations in the fusion reactor.

[0003] Existing solutions suffer from inappropriate reactor-machine matching, limited single-reactor output suitable only for small-capacity units, low efficiency, high cost per kW, low technological maturity of high-power fusion reactors, and unoptimized temperature and pressure differences during valve switching. Furthermore, the energy storage system relies on power-driven operation, resulting in poor passive safety. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fusion power plant system that overcomes the limitations of a single reactor, eliminates the need for large-scale energy storage, is compatible with existing mature small-power fusion reactors, and offers reliable and safe switching. In view of this, this invention proposes a fusion power plant system based on multiple reactors sharing a single reactor and a thermal storage heat exchanger. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems in the prior art, such as unreasonable reactor-machine matching, reliance on large-scale energy storage systems, poor switching reliability, and insufficient passive safety, and to propose a fusion power plant system based on multiple reactors and one generator and thermal storage heat exchangers.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is a fusion power plant system based on multiple reactors and a thermal storage heat exchanger, comprising a dual-reactor power supply unit, a thermal storage heat exchange unit, a single-unit power generation unit, a loop drive unit, and an alternating switching control unit.

[0006] The dual-reactor power supply unit includes a first tokamak reactor A TM01 and a second tokamak reactor B TM02 with symmetrical structure.

[0007] The heat storage and heat exchange unit includes a heat storage heat exchanger XH01 with a built-in first heat storage chamber A and a second heat storage chamber B;

[0008] The single-unit power generation unit includes a gas turbine MT02, a regenerative heat exchanger MH01, a cooler MH02, and a secondary compressor MP02.

[0009] The loop drive unit includes a primary loop compressor MP01, a supply tank MV01, and a pressure stabilizing tank MV02;

[0010] The alternating switching control unit includes a three-way switching valve and several isolation valves;

[0011] The dual-reactor power supply unit is connected to the thermal storage and heat exchange unit through an alternating switching control unit. The thermal storage and heat exchange unit is connected to the single-unit power generation unit. The loop drive unit is connected to both the dual-reactor power supply unit and the thermal storage and heat exchange unit, forming a switchable power supply and power generation loop.

[0012] Optionally, the three-way switching valve includes a first three-way switching valve PV1A, a second three-way switching valve PV1B, a third three-way switching valve PV2A, a fourth three-way switching valve PV2B, a fifth three-way switching valve PV3A, and a sixth three-way switching valve PV3B.

[0013] Optionally, the first tokamak reactor A TM01 is connected to the first interface of the first three-way switching valve PV1A through the first isolation valve PV02, and the second tokamak reactor B TM02 is connected to the third interface of the first three-way switching valve PV1A through the second isolation valve PV04.

[0014] The second port of the first three-way switching valve PV1A is connected in sequence to the heat storage and heat exchange unit and the primary loop compressor MP01. The second three-way switching valve PV1B is connected to the return port of the first tokamak reactor ATM01 and the return port of the second tokamak reactor BTM02, respectively, for connecting the heat storage and heat exchange unit with the alternating connection of the first tokamak reactor ATM01 and the second tokamak reactor BTM02.

[0015] Optionally, the thermal storage and heat exchange unit is structurally connected to the dual-reactor power supply unit and the single-unit power generation unit as follows:

[0016] The inlet of the first heat storage chamber A is connected to the second interface of the first three-way switching valve PV1A through the third three-way switching valve PV2A, and the outlet of the first heat storage chamber A is connected to the inlet of the primary circuit compressor MP01 through the fourth three-way switching valve PV2B.

[0017] The inlet of the second thermal storage chamber B is connected to the return port of the single-unit power generation unit through the fifth three-way switching valve PV3A, and the outlet of the second thermal storage chamber B is connected to the outlet of the gas turbine MT02 through the sixth three-way switching valve PV3B, which is used to switch the corresponding connection between the thermal storage heat exchange unit and the dual-reactor power supply unit and the single-unit power generation unit.

[0018] Optionally, the first three-way switching valve PV1A is interlocked with the second three-way switching valve PV1B, the third three-way switching valve PV2A is interlocked with the fourth three-way switching valve PV2B, and the fifth three-way switching valve PV3A is interlocked with the sixth three-way switching valve PV3B.

[0019] Furthermore, each three-way switching valve is equipped with an auxiliary pilot valve, which is connected in parallel to both ends of the corresponding three-way switching valve interface to reduce switching resistance.

[0020] Optionally, the outlet of the pressure stabilizing tank MV02 is connected to the inlet of the primary circuit compressor MP01, and the top of the pressure stabilizing tank MV02 is equipped with a two-stage first pressure relief valve PV13 and a second pressure relief valve PV14.

[0021] One end of the second pressure relief valve PV14 is connected to the pressure stabilizing tank MV02, and the other end is connected to the supply tank MV01. One end of the first pressure relief valve PV13 is connected to the pressure stabilizing tank MV02, and the other end is connected to the external space.

[0022] Optionally, the first tokamak reactor A TM01 is switched to the inlet of the second regenerator B via the interface of the third three-way switching valve PV2A; the second tokamak reactor B TM02 is switched to the inlet of the first regenerator A via the interface of the fifth three-way switching valve PV3A, corresponding to a non-fixed connection between the dual-reactor power supply unit and the heat storage and heat exchange unit.

[0023] Optionally, the heat storage body in the first heat storage chamber A and the second heat storage chamber B of the heat storage and heat exchange unit is in contact with the primary working fluid, and the shell interface of the first heat storage chamber A and the second heat storage chamber B is connected to the primary loop pipeline of the dual-stack power supply unit to form a heat export channel without power drive.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] 1. This invention adopts a multi-reactor matching method, which can ensure continuous power supply without relying on the high output efficiency of a single reactor. At the same time, the power plant power level is preferentially adapted to the specifications of existing mature generator sets, avoiding the defects of the existing single-reactor scheme where the output of a single reactor is limited and can only be adapted to small-capacity units.

[0026] 2. By using a design that combines multiple reactors operating alternately with a thermal regenerative heat exchanger, the pulse energy fluctuations of the fusion reactor can be balanced simply by switching valves. This eliminates the need for large-scale energy storage systems such as molten salt or oil used in existing solutions, fundamentally avoiding the additional equipment costs and increased footprint associated with energy storage systems. It also eliminates the power consumption required to drive the flow of the energy storage medium, further improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system. On one hand, the multi-reactor matching can be adapted to large-capacity generator sets. Compared to the small-capacity units in the existing "one reactor, one generator" scheme, the large-capacity units have lower blade height losses in the regulating stage and other early stages, resulting in significantly improved power generation efficiency. On the other hand, for the same output power, this invention does not require the construction and maintenance costs of an energy storage system, and the unit kW cost of a single large-capacity generator set is significantly lower than that of multiple small-capacity generator sets, greatly reducing the commercialization threshold for fusion power generation.

[0027] 3. The three-way switching valves of the present invention are all equipped with an auxiliary pilot valve, which can effectively reduce the valve switching resistance caused by temperature difference and pressure difference, avoid the failure of motor torque to drive valve core switching, ensure smooth and stable loop switching between multiple reactors and thermal storage heat exchangers, ensure the continuity of power generation process, and solve the problem of insufficient switching reliability of existing solutions.

[0028] 4. The heat storage body in the heat storage heat exchanger of the present invention is in direct contact with the primary loop heat transfer medium. In special operating conditions where the reactor needs to urgently remove heat, the heat storage body can serve as an additional heat removal carrier, and heat removal can be achieved without relying on power mechanisms such as pumps, which significantly improves the passive safety of the system. In contrast, the heat removal of existing molten salt and oil energy storage schemes relies on power drive, which has relatively low safety. This safety shortcoming is made up for by structural design.

[0029] 5. This invention can dynamically adjust the number of reactors according to the reactor output efficiency, and can meet the requirements by alternating operation of two reactors. It takes into account the characteristics of fusion reactors at different technology stages. In practical engineering applications, the dual-reactor scheme can also balance the operational complexity and power supply stability, further improving the practicality of the system.

[0030] In summary, this invention employs a multi-reactor matching and thermal storage heat exchanger collaborative design, which can balance pulse fluctuations without large-scale energy storage, is compatible with mature large-capacity units, improves power generation efficiency and safety, reduces costs, and promotes the development of fusion power generation. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a principle block diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a principle block diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a principle block diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a principle block diagram of Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0036] The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can typically be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention.

[0037] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes a fusion power plant system based on multiple reactors and a thermal storage heat exchanger, which includes a dual-reactor power supply unit, a thermal storage heat exchange unit, a single-unit power generation unit, a loop drive unit, and an alternating switching control unit.

[0040] The dual-reactor power supply unit includes a structurally symmetrical first tokamak reactor A TM01 and a second tokamak reactor B TM02;

[0041] The heat storage and heat exchange unit includes a heat storage heat exchanger XH01 with a built-in first heat storage chamber A and a second heat storage chamber B;

[0042] The single-unit power generation unit includes a gas turbine MT02, a regenerative heat exchanger MH01, a cooler MH02, and a secondary compressor MP02;

[0043] In this embodiment, the loop drive unit includes a primary loop compressor MP01, a supply tank MV01, and a pressure stabilizing tank MV02. The outlet of the pressure stabilizing tank MV02 is connected to the outlet of the primary loop compressor MP01. The top of the pressure stabilizing tank MV02 is provided with a two-stage first pressure relief valve PV13 and a second pressure relief valve PV14. One end of the second pressure relief valve PV14 is connected to the pressure stabilizing tank MV02, and the other end is connected to the supply tank MV01. One end of the first pressure relief valve PV13 is connected to the pressure stabilizing tank MV02, and the other end is connected to the external space.

[0044] The alternating switching control unit includes a three-way switching valve and several isolation valves; and each three-way switching valve is equipped with an auxiliary pilot valve, which is connected in parallel to both ends of the interface of the corresponding three-way switching valve to reduce switching resistance.

[0045] Furthermore, the three-way switching valve includes a first three-way switching valve PV1A, a second three-way switching valve PV1B, a third three-way switching valve PV2A, a fourth three-way switching valve PV2B, a fifth three-way switching valve PV3A, and a sixth three-way switching valve PV3B; in order to distinguish the connection interfaces of the three-way switching valves, the three interfaces on each three-way switching valve are defined as: the first interface, the second interface, and the third interface.

[0046] The first three-way switching valve PV1A is interlocked with the second three-way switching valve PV1B, the third three-way switching valve PV2A is interlocked with the fourth three-way switching valve PV2B, and the fifth three-way switching valve PV3A is interlocked with the sixth three-way switching valve PV3B.

[0047] Specifically, the first interface of the first tokamak reactor A TM01 is connected to the first three-way switching valve PV1A via the first isolation valve PV02, and the second tokamak reactor B TM02 is connected to the third interface of the first three-way switching valve PV1A via the second isolation valve PV04. The second interface of the first three-way switching valve PV1A is connected in sequence to the heat storage and heat exchange unit and the primary loop compressor MP01. The second three-way switching valve PV1B is connected to the return port of the first tokamak reactor A TM01 and the return port of the second tokamak reactor B TM02, respectively, for the alternating connection of the heat storage and heat exchange unit with the first tokamak reactor A TM01 and the second tokamak reactor B TM02.

[0048] Furthermore, the structural connection between the thermal storage and heat exchange unit and the dual-reactor power supply unit and the single-unit power generation unit is as follows: the inlet of the first thermal storage chamber A is connected to the second interface of the first three-way switching valve PV1A through the third three-way switching valve PV2A; the outlet of the first thermal storage chamber A is connected to the inlet of the primary loop compressor MP01 through the fourth three-way switching valve PV2B; the inlet of the second thermal storage chamber B is connected to the return port of the single-unit power generation unit through the fifth three-way switching valve PV3A; the outlet of the second thermal storage chamber B is connected to the outlet of the gas turbine MT02 through the sixth three-way switching valve PV3B, used to switch the corresponding connection between the thermal storage and heat exchange unit and the dual-reactor power supply unit and the single-unit power generation unit; the first tokamak reactor A TM01 is switched through the interface of the third three-way switching valve PV2A to connect to the inlet of the second thermal storage chamber B; the second tokamak reactor B TM02 is switched through the interface of the fifth three-way switching valve PV3A to connect to the inlet of the first thermal storage chamber A, corresponding to a non-fixed connection between the dual-reactor power supply unit and the thermal storage and heat exchange unit.

[0049] In this embodiment, the dual-reactor power supply unit is connected to the thermal storage and heat exchange unit through an alternating switching control unit, the thermal storage and heat exchange unit is connected to the single-unit power generation unit, and the loop drive unit is connected to the dual-reactor power supply unit and the thermal storage and heat exchange unit respectively, together forming a switchable power supply and power generation loop.

[0050] The heat storage body in the first heat storage chamber A and the second heat storage chamber B of the further heat storage and heat exchange unit is in contact with the working fluid of the primary loop. The shell interface of the first heat storage chamber A and the second heat storage chamber B is connected to the primary loop pipeline of the dual-stack power supply unit, forming a heat export channel without power drive.

[0051] This invention achieves continuous energy supply and stable power generation without the need for large-scale energy storage by alternating operation of dual-stacking power supply units, precise commutation of alternating switching control units, energy buffering and transfer of thermal storage and heat exchange units, combined with the cyclic protection and safety protection design of the loop drive unit. The overall operation is based on a cycle of t1-t2, and the specific operating logic of each unit is as follows:

[0052] At time t1: The first tokamak reactor A TM01 is ignited to supply energy; the first regenerator A absorbs heat; and the second regenerator B releases heat to generate electricity.

[0053] In the alternating switching control unit, each three-way switching valve operates according to a preset state, and the interlocking relationship is activated: the first three-way switching valve PV1A opens passage 1-2 and closes passage 3-2; PV1B opens passage 1-2 and closes passage 1-3; PV2A opens passage 1-2 and closes passage 1-3; PV2B opens passage 1-2 and closes passage 3-2; PV3A opens passage 1-2 and closes passage 3-2; PV3B opens passage 1-2 and closes passage 1-3. The auxiliary pilot valves of each three-way switching valve help reduce switching resistance and ensure smooth reversal.

[0054] Specifically, the first tokamak reactor A TM01 ignites and burns to generate energy, heating the primary loop working fluid. The heated working fluid then enters the first regenerator chamber A of the regenerator XH01 via the first isolation valve PV02, the first three-way switching valve PV1A, and the third three-way switching valve PV2A. After transferring heat to the regenerator within the chamber, it enters the primary loop compressor MP01 of the loop drive unit via the fourth three-way switching valve PV2B for pressurization. The pressurized working fluid then returns to the first tokamak reactor A TM01 via PV05, PV06, and the second three-way switching valve PV1B, completing the primary loop cycle. During this process, the first regenerator chamber A absorbs heat and stores energy. Energy transfer occurs throughout the primary loop.

[0055] At this time, the heat storage body in the second heat storage chamber B of the heat storage heat exchanger XH01 releases heat to heat the working fluid in the secondary loop. The heated working fluid in the secondary loop enters the gas turbine MT02 of the single unit power generation unit through the fifth three-way switching valve PV3A, driving the gas turbine to do work and generate electricity. After doing work, the working fluid in the secondary loop is first cooled by the regenerative heat exchanger MH01, and then enters the cooler MH02 for further cooling. Subsequently, it is pressurized by the secondary loop compressor MP02. After being preheated by the regenerative heat exchanger MH01, the pressurized working fluid returns to the second heat storage chamber B through the sixth three-way switching valve PV3B, completing the secondary loop cycle. During this process, the second heat storage chamber B releases heat to supply energy.

[0056] At time t1, the pressure stabilizing tank MV02 of the loop drive unit stabilizes the primary loop pressure in real time. If an overpressure occurs, the first-level second pressure relief valve PV14 is opened first to release the medium to the supply tank MV01, preventing the direct discharge of radioactive media. If the pressure continues to rise, the second-level first pressure relief valve PV13 is opened to release the pressure to the external space, ensuring system safety.

[0057] The switching status of the three-way switching valve at time t1 is shown in the table below:

[0058] Table 1. Status of the three-way switching valve at time t1

[0059]

[0060] At time t2: The second tokamak reactor B TM02 ignites to supply energy; the second regenerator B absorbs heat; and the first regenerator A releases heat to generate electricity.

[0061] After time t1 ends, the valves synchronously reverse direction, and the three-way switching valves of the alternating switching control unit synchronously reverse direction, with the interlocking relationship remaining in effect: PV1A closes passage 1-2 and opens passage 3-2; PV1B closes passage 1-2 and opens passage 1-3; PV2A closes passage 1-2 and opens passage 1-3; PV2B closes passage 1-2 and opens passage 3-2; PV3A closes passage 1-2 and opens passage 3-2; PV3B closes passage 1-2 and opens passage 1-3. The auxiliary pilot valve continues to assist in reducing the switching resistance, ensuring the synchronicity and stability of the switching.

[0062] The second tokamak reactor B TM02 is ignited and combusted to heat the working fluid in the primary loop. The working fluid enters the second regenerator B through the second isolation valve PV04, the first three-way switching valve PV1A, and the third three-way switching valve PV2A, where it transfers heat to the regenerator. Then, it enters the primary loop compressor MP01 through the fourth three-way switching valve PV2B for pressurization, and then returns to the second tokamak reactor B TM02 through PV05, PV06, and the second three-way switching valve PV1B, completing the primary loop cycle. The second regenerator B then absorbs heat and stores energy. This process completes the energy transfer and switching in the primary loop.

[0063] At this time, the heat storage body in the first heat storage chamber A releases heat to heat the working fluid in the second loop. The working fluid enters the gas turbine MT02 through the fifth three-way switching valve PV3A to generate electricity. Subsequently, after being cooled by the regenerating heat exchanger MH01, cooled by the cooler MH02, pressurized by the second loop compressor MP02, and preheated by the regenerating heat exchanger MH01, it returns to the first heat storage chamber A through the sixth three-way switching valve PV3B, completing the second loop cycle. The first heat storage chamber A realizes heat release and energy supply, completing the switching of the second loop power generation cycle.

[0064] Meanwhile, the two-stage pressure relief valves of the pressure stabilizing tank of the loop drive unit continue to operate according to the preset logic, ensuring the stability of the primary loop pressure and radioactive safety.

[0065] After time t2 ends, the entire device enters the next cycle. The switching state of the three-way switching valve at time t2 is shown in the table below:

[0066] Table 2 shows the status of the three-way switching valve at time t1.

[0067]

[0068] The data from Example 1 were compared with existing fusion electric field schemes, and the following data table was obtained:

[0069] Table 3 Comparison of common fusion power plant schemes and Implementation Example 1

[0070]

[0071] Example 2

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the core difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a valve group is used to replace the three-way switching valve in Embodiment 1. The structure, connection relationship and safety protection design of the remaining dual-stack power supply unit, thermal storage and heat exchange unit, single-unit power generation unit and loop drive unit are completely consistent with Embodiment 1.

[0073] The valve assembly is a combination valve structure corresponding to the function of the three-way switching valve, and the number of valve assemblies corresponds one-to-one with the original three-way switching valve.

[0074] At time t1, the valve group is switched to connect the first tokamak reactor A TM01 with the first regenerator A and the second regenerator B with the gas turbine, so as to complete the heat absorption and heat release for power generation.

[0075] At time t2, the valve group synchronously switches to connect the second tokamak reactor B TM02 with the second regenerator B and the first regenerator A with the gas turbine, thus achieving continuous energy supply through repeated cycles.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] like Figure 3 As shown, based on the above embodiment one, the core difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that: the working fluid in the primary loop and the working fluid in the secondary loop must be of the same type; the interface of the heat storage and heat exchange unit is simplified; and the structure, connection relationship and overpressure safety protection design of the remaining units are consistent with embodiment one.

[0078] The XH01 heat exchanger eliminates the physical heat exchange channel separation between the first heat storage chambers A and B. At this point, each chamber has only two inlet and outlet ports (i.e., ports 4 and 1 are combined; ports 2 and 3 are combined; ports 5 and 8 are combined; ports 6 and 7 are combined). (Specific details are not provided in the original text.) Figure 3 As shown, a single-chamber structure is adopted; the number of valve groups or three-way valves of the alternating switching control unit is simplified, and the same chamber is alternately supplied with primary and secondary working fluids at different times only by valve switching.

[0079] At time t1, the working fluid of the primary loop enters the single chamber for heat storage, and at time t2, it switches to the working fluid of the secondary loop for heat extraction and power generation, thus achieving energy transfer through repeated cycles.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] like Figure 4 As shown, based on the above embodiment one, the core difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that the second circuit of the single unit power generation unit is designed using conventional optimization.

[0082] The specific optimization of the secondary loop is as follows: increase the number of stages of the secondary loop compressor MP02 to improve compression efficiency, adjust the number of regenerative heat exchangers MH01 to optimize heat exchange effect, and keep the other core components and connection methods of the secondary loop unchanged.

[0083] In this embodiment, the coupling between the secondary loop and the fusion device is achieved through a regenerative heat exchanger, and energy switching is completed by alternating operation of the two reactors.

[0084] The above specific embodiments are merely several optional embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the relevant teachings of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

Claims

1. A fusion power plant system based on multiple reactors and a thermal storage heat exchanger, characterized in that, It includes a dual-reactor power supply unit, a thermal storage and heat exchange unit, a single-unit power generation unit, a loop drive unit, and an alternating switching control unit; The dual-reactor power supply unit includes a first tokamak reactor A (TM01) and a second tokamak reactor B (TM02) with symmetrical structure. The heat storage and heat exchange unit includes a heat storage heat exchanger (XH01) with a built-in first heat storage chamber A and a second heat storage chamber B. The single-unit power generation unit includes a gas turbine (MT02), a regenerative heat exchanger (MH01), a cooler (MH02), and a secondary compressor (MP02). The loop drive unit includes a primary loop compressor (MP01), a supply tank (MV01), and a pressure stabilizing tank (MV02). The alternating switching control unit includes a three-way switching valve and several isolation valves. The three-way switching valve includes a first three-way switching valve (PV1A), a second three-way switching valve (PV1B), a third three-way switching valve (PV2A), a fourth three-way switching valve (PV2B), a fifth three-way switching valve (PV3A), and a sixth three-way switching valve (PV3B). The dual-reactor power supply unit is connected to the thermal storage and heat exchange unit through an alternating switching control unit. The thermal storage and heat exchange unit is connected to the single-unit power generation unit. The loop drive unit is connected to the dual-reactor power supply unit and the thermal storage and heat exchange unit respectively, together forming a switchable power supply and power generation loop. The thermal storage and heat exchange unit is structurally connected to the dual-stall power supply unit and the single-unit power generation unit as follows: The inlet of the first heat storage chamber A is connected to the second interface of the first three-way switching valve (PV1A) through the third three-way switching valve (PV2A), and the outlet of the first heat storage chamber A is connected to the inlet of the primary circuit compressor (MP01) through the fourth three-way switching valve (PV2B). The inlet of the second thermal storage chamber B is connected to the return port of the single-unit power generation unit through the fifth three-way switching valve (PV3A), and the outlet of the second thermal storage chamber B is connected to the outlet of the gas turbine (MT02) through the sixth three-way switching valve (PV3B), which is used to switch the corresponding connection between the thermal storage heat exchange unit and the dual-reactor power supply unit and the single-unit power generation unit. The heat storage body in the first heat storage chamber A and the second heat storage chamber B of the heat storage and heat exchange unit is in contact with the working fluid of the primary loop. The shell interface of the first heat storage chamber A and the second heat storage chamber B is connected to the primary loop pipeline of the dual-stack power supply unit to form a heat export channel without power drive. The first tokamak reactor A (TM01) is connected to the first port of the first three-way switching valve (PV1A) via the first isolation valve (PV02), and the second tokamak reactor B (TM02) is connected to the third port of the first three-way switching valve (PV1A) via the second isolation valve (PV04). The second port of the first three-way switching valve (PV1A) is connected in sequence to the heat storage and heat exchange unit and the primary loop compressor (MP01). The second three-way switching valve (PV1B) is connected to the return port of the first tokamak reactor A (TM01) and the return port of the second tokamak reactor B (TM02), respectively, and is used to connect the heat storage and heat exchange unit with the alternating connection of the first tokamak reactor A (TM01) and the second tokamak reactor B (TM02).

2. A fusion power plant system based on multiple reactors and a thermal storage heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first three-way switching valve (PV1A) is interlocked with the second three-way switching valve (PV1B), the third three-way switching valve (PV2A) is interlocked with the fourth three-way switching valve (PV2B), and the fifth three-way switching valve (PV3A) is interlocked with the sixth three-way switching valve (PV3B). Furthermore, each three-way switching valve is equipped with an auxiliary pilot valve, which is connected in parallel to both ends of the corresponding three-way switching valve interface to reduce switching resistance.

3. A fusion power plant system based on multiple reactors and a thermal storage heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet of the pressure stabilizing tank (MV02) is connected to the inlet of the primary circuit compressor (MP01). The top of the pressure stabilizing tank (MV02) is equipped with a two-stage first pressure relief valve (PV13) and a second pressure relief valve (PV14). One end of the second pressure relief valve (PV14) is connected to the pressure stabilizing tank (MV02), and the other end is connected to the supply tank (MV01). One end of the first pressure relief valve (PV13) is connected to the pressure stabilizing tank (MV02), and the other end is connected to the external space.

4. A fusion power plant system based on multiple reactors and a thermal storage heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first tokamak reactor A (TM01) is connected to the inlet of the second regenerator B via the interface of the third three-way switching valve (PV2A); the second tokamak reactor B (TM02) is connected to the inlet of the first regenerator A via the interface of the fifth three-way switching valve (PV3A), corresponding to the non-fixed connection between the dual-reactor power supply unit and the heat storage and heat exchange unit.

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