On-orbit calibration method and electronic equipment for digital phased arrays based on satellite cooperation

Abstract

This invention provides an on-orbit calibration method and electronic equipment for digital phased arrays based on satellite cooperation. The method includes: using a normally functioning satellite as an auxiliary satellite to provide cooperative calibration services to the satellite to be calibrated; transmitting or receiving a given calibration signal via an inter-satellite link, and measuring the amplitude, phase, and delay errors of each transmit / receive channel of the satellite to be calibrated using cross-correlation and least squares algorithms; extracting the pure channel-level error by calculating and eliminating the theoretical phase difference introduced by the beamforming network, and loading it into a compensation module to achieve high-precision on-orbit autonomous calibration. This invention utilizes the inherent networking characteristics of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations, achieving on-orbit calibration of the satellite to be calibrated through cooperation between LEO satellites, effectively improving the autonomous survivability and on-orbit service reliability of the satellite system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of satellite communication and radio frequency technology, and in particular to an on-orbit calibration method and electronic equipment for a digital phased array based on satellite cooperation. Background Technology

[0002] The beam pointing accuracy and gain performance of phased array antennas are highly dependent on the consistency of parameters in each channel. Low-Earth orbit satellites operate in complex space environments for extended periods, and are affected by factors such as temperature changes, device aging, and space radiation. The amplitude, phase, and delay characteristics of each channel of their phased array antennas will drift, leading to beam pointing deviation and increased sidelobe levels, which seriously affect communication quality and link reliability.

[0003] Currently, traditional calibration methods are mainly divided into in-satellite calibration and ground station-dependent calibration. In-satellite calibration typically achieves calibration by integrating additional couplers, calibration sources, and reference circuits to form a closed monitoring loop within the satellite. Ground station-dependent calibration involves the ground station transmitting or receiving calibration signals and completing measurements and calculations via a satellite-to-ground link.

[0004] However, in-satellite calibration methods increase the satellite's hardware complexity, weight, and cost, and its internal reference standard may drift with environmental changes, resulting in limited accuracy. Furthermore, the in-satellite calibration loop is susceptible to failure. Ground station-dependent methods, on the other hand, heavily rely on ground station coverage. For satellites operating in polar or remote areas, or when ground stations are unavailable (e.g., malfunctioning), the satellite cannot complete calibration in a timely manner, impacting service continuity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an on-orbit calibration method and electronic equipment for digital phased arrays based on satellite cooperation, which solves the problems of existing technologies that rely on ground stations or dedicated hardware on satellites, resulting in coverage blind spots, low reliability, and high cost, and achieves the goal of effectively improving the system's autonomous operation capability and on-orbit maintenance accuracy and efficiency.

[0006] This invention provides an on-orbit calibration method for digital phased arrays based on satellite cooperation, comprising: If a shift in the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated is detected, a satellite that meets the conditions is selected as an auxiliary satellite, which is used as a calibration reference source. By controlling the transmission or reception of a given calibration signal through the link between the auxiliary satellite and the satellite to be calibrated, and combining cross-correlation and least squares algorithms, the measurement amplitude, measurement phase, and measurement delay of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated are calculated. Based on the given calibration signal and the phased array element parameters of the satellite to be calibrated, the theoretical inter-channel phase difference introduced by the beamforming network is removed from the measured phase to obtain the actual channel-level phase difference of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated. Based on the actual channel-level phase difference, the measurement amplitude, and the measurement delay, error compensation is performed on each transmit and receive channel of the satellite to be calibrated, thereby achieving on-orbit calibration of the satellite.

[0007] According to the on-orbit calibration method for a digital phased array based on satellite cooperation provided by the present invention, in the receiving channel calibration stage, the calculation of the measurement amplitude, measurement phase, and measurement delay of each transmitting and receiving channel of the satellite to be calibrated includes: The auxiliary satellite is controlled to transmit a first calibration signal to the satellite to be calibrated, so that the satellite to be calibrated can simultaneously receive the first calibration signal through each receiving channel of its phased array. Using cross-correlation and least squares algorithms, the first calibration signal is processed and calculated to obtain the first measurement amplitude, first measurement phase and first measurement delay of each receiving channel of the satellite to be calibrated; During the transmission channel calibration phase, the calculation of the measurement amplitude, measurement phase, and measurement delay of each transmit and receive channel of the satellite to be calibrated includes: The satellite to be calibrated transmits mutually orthogonal second calibration signals to the auxiliary satellite through each channel of the satellite to be calibrated, and applies beam pointing phase through a beam velocity forming network; Using cross-correlation and least squares algorithms, the second calibration signal is processed and calculated to obtain the second measurement amplitude, second measurement phase, and second measurement delay of each transmission channel of the satellite to be calibrated.

[0008] According to the present invention, a satellite-cooperative on-orbit calibration method for a digital phased array is provided, wherein the first calibration signal is processed and calculated using cross-correlation and least squares algorithms, including: The first calibration signal is down-converted and analog-to-digital converted to obtain the digital baseband signal incident on each of the receiving channels; For the digital baseband signal and the received acquisition signal of each of the aforementioned receiving channels, cross-correlation calculation is performed according to the following cross-correlation function: ; In the formula, This indicates that a cross-correlation calculation is being performed. x ( t ) represents the digital baseband signal. This refers to the received and acquired signals of each receiving channel. t Representing the independent variable of time, Indicates time delay. m ,n These represent the row and column numbers of the coordinates of the satellite antenna array to be calibrated; Get the maximum correlation Time delay and will The first measurement delay serves as the receiving channel; Based on the first measurement delay, the digital baseband signal, and the received acquisition signal, the first measurement amplitude and the first measurement phase are calculated by establishing a least squares equation.

[0009] According to the present invention, a satellite-cooperative on-orbit calibration method for a digital phased array is provided, wherein the phased array element parameters include: geometric coordinates in a Cartesian coordinate system and element spacing; Accordingly, obtaining the actual channel-level phase difference of each transmit and receive channel of the satellite to be calibrated includes: Based on the given calibration signal, the geometric coordinates, and the element spacing, the actual channel-level phase difference under ideal channel-free phase error conditions is calculated using the following formula: ; In the formula, This represents the actual channel-level phase difference. Indicates the beam direction of the given calibration signal. These represent off-axis and azimuth angles, respectively. Indicates the spacing between array elements. This represents the signal frequency of the given calibration signal. The geometric coordinates of the phased array element in the Cartesian coordinate system are represented.

[0010] According to the present invention, a satellite-cooperative on-orbit calibration method for digital phased arrays includes the following: Detecting a shift in the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated. If the G / T value of the phased array received signal is detected to be less than a preset threshold, it is determined that the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated have shifted. The preset threshold is a preset weighting coefficient multiplied by the theoretical expected value of the phased array received signal.

[0011] According to the present invention, a satellite-cooperative on-orbit calibration method for a digital phased array is provided, wherein selecting satellites that meet certain conditions as auxiliary satellites includes: By calculating path loss and judging the received signal level, it is determined whether the inter-satellite distance between the target satellite and the satellite to be calibrated meets the link budget requirements. If it does, the target satellite is determined to be a satellite that meets the conditions and is used as the auxiliary satellite.

[0012] According to the present invention, a satellite-cooperative on-orbit calibration method for digital phased arrays is provided, wherein the given calibration signal is a ZC sequence or a cyclic shift variant of a ZC sequence or a broadband signal with autocorrelation characteristics.

[0013] The present invention also provides an on-orbit calibration device for a digital phased array based on satellite cooperation, comprising: The selection module is used to select a satellite that meets the conditions as an auxiliary satellite if the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated are detected to be offset. The auxiliary satellite is used as a calibration reference source. The calculation module is used to control the transmission or reception of a given calibration signal through the link between the auxiliary satellite and the satellite to be calibrated, and to calculate the measurement amplitude, measurement phase and measurement delay of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated by combining cross-correlation and least squares algorithms. The error correction module is used to remove the theoretical inter-channel phase difference introduced by the beamforming network from the measured phase based on the given calibration signal and the phased array element parameters of the satellite to be calibrated, and to obtain the actual channel-level phase difference of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated. The compensation calibration module is used to perform error compensation on each transmit and receive channel of the satellite to be calibrated based on the actual channel-level phase difference, the measurement amplitude, and the measurement delay, so as to realize the on-orbit calibration of the satellite to be calibrated.

[0014] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a program or instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program or instructions, it implements the steps of the satellite-cooperative digital phased array on-orbit calibration method as described above.

[0015] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a program or instructions stored thereon, wherein when the program or instructions are executed by a computer, the steps of the on-orbit calibration method for a digital phased array based on satellite cooperation as described above are implemented.

[0016] The present invention also provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer is able to execute the satellite-cooperative on-orbit calibration method for digital phased arrays as described above.

[0017] The present invention provides a satellite-cooperative digital phased array on-orbit calibration method and electronic equipment. By utilizing the networking characteristics of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation, and through cooperation between low-Earth orbit satellites, it can achieve high-precision autonomous measurement and compensation of amplitude, phase and delay errors of the satellite phased array transmission and reception channels without the need for ground station participation or additional on-board dedicated calibration hardware. This improves the autonomous survivability and on-orbit service reliability of the satellite system. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this invention or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the on-orbit calibration method for a digital phased array based on satellite cooperation provided by this invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the on-orbit calibration device for a satellite-cooperative digital phased array provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the physical structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0021] This invention addresses the problems of existing technologies that rely on ground stations or dedicated onboard hardware, resulting in coverage blind spots, low reliability, and high costs. By leveraging the inherent networking characteristics of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations and through collaboration among LEO satellites, it achieves high-precision autonomous measurement and compensation of amplitude, phase, and delay errors in the onboard phased array transceiver channels without the need for ground station involvement or additional onboard calibration hardware. This enhances the satellite system's autonomous survivability and on-orbit service reliability. The invention will be further described and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and several specific embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 The flowchart of the on-orbit calibration method for digital phased arrays based on satellite cooperation provided by the present invention is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: S101, if a shift in the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated is detected, a satellite that meets the conditions is selected as an auxiliary satellite, and the auxiliary satellite is used as a calibration reference source.

[0023] It can be understood that the core of this invention is: based on a network of low-orbit satellites, under certain conditions (such as when the inter-satellite distance meets the link budget requirements), triggered by ground commands or initiated autonomously by the satellite, one of the satellites (referred to as the "auxiliary satellite" or "calibration satellite") is used as a known far-field signal source or signal receiving measurement device to provide calibration services for another miscalibrated satellite, hereinafter referred to as the satellite to be calibrated, and the calibration of the receiving channel and the transmitting channel are completed respectively.

[0024] This step involves calibration triggering and condition judgment: First, the status of the satellite to be calibrated is monitored in real time. The monitoring targets include the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated, such as the direction of the satellite phased array receiving beam. If a deviation in the phased array channel parameters is detected, the calibration process is triggered, and it begins to check if there is a satellite in orbit that meets the conditions. If a satellite that meets the conditions is detected, it is used as an auxiliary satellite as a reference source for calibration.

[0025] For example, the phased array performance indicators of the satellite to be calibrated can be monitored, and the calibration process can be triggered when they fall below a preset threshold. The ground control unit or the onboard master control unit determines whether the inter-satellite distance between the satellite to be calibrated and the selected auxiliary satellite meets the communication link budget requirements.

[0026] Optionally, the detection of a shift in the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated includes: if the G / T value of the phased array received signal is less than a preset threshold, then it is determined that the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated have shifted, wherein the preset threshold is a preset weighting coefficient multiplied by the theoretical expected value of the phased array received signal.

[0027] This can be understood as the main control unit calculating the received signal G / T value to determine if recalibration is needed if the G / T value is lower than the expected value for a certain weight. For example, the real-time calculated G / T value is denoted as... (Unit: dB), expected value is denoted as (Unit: dB), weight w (value (0-1, can be adjusted according to actual needs), judgment criteria are: .

[0028] When the above formula holds true, recalibration is required. The calibration command is sent to the ground control unit, which then completes scheduling preparations. After scheduling is complete, the ground transmits the calibration command, and the satellite to be calibrated performs a service switch, setting its status to receive calibration mode.

[0029] Optionally, selecting a satellite that meets the conditions as an auxiliary satellite includes: determining whether the inter-satellite distance between the target satellite and the satellite to be calibrated meets the link budget requirements by calculating path loss and judging the received signal level; if it does, then the target satellite is determined to be a satellite that meets the conditions and is used as the auxiliary satellite.

[0030] This can be understood as follows: when the ground control unit determines, based on ephemeris data, that the minimum relative distance between the orbits of the satellite to be calibrated and the auxiliary satellite meets the minimum sensitivity requirements of the communication link, the ground control unit sends a command to the auxiliary satellite, instructing it to prepare to transmit a calibration signal and specifying the transmission time. The judgment criteria are as follows: The minimum received voltage level is known to be (Unit: dBm), transmitter power is (Unit: dBm), transmit antenna gain is (Unit: dBi), the receiving antenna gain is (Unit: dBi), operating frequency: F (MHz). The method for determining whether the inter-satellite distance meets the link budget requirement is to calculate the path loss and determine whether the received signal level is greater than or equal to the receiver sensitivity. The main loss for on-orbit satellites is free space loss. (Unit: dB), the free space loss relationship is as follows: ; In the formula, d represents the spatial relative distance. When the minimum received signal level is met... Solve That is, the minimum distance The formula for the minimum received signal level is as follows: .

[0031] S102, by controlling the transmission or reception of a given calibration signal through the link between the auxiliary satellite and the satellite to be calibrated, and combining cross-correlation and least squares algorithms, the measurement amplitude, measurement phase and measurement delay of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated are calculated.

[0032] This can be understood as follows: after the auxiliary satellite enters its expected orbital position, the phased array antenna of the auxiliary satellite transmits a calibration signal with known characteristics to the satellite to be calibrated in a directional manner according to the preset beam pointing (the off-axis pointing and azimuth angle are calculated from the orbital parameters of the two satellites and given to the beam forming DBF network).

[0033] Optionally, the given calibration signal is a ZC sequence or a cyclic shift variant of a ZC sequence, or a broadband signal with autocorrelation characteristics. It can be understood that, in practical applications, the given calibration signal of this invention can employ various orthogonal sequences, such as the ZC sequence or a cyclic shift variant of a ZC sequence, Gold sequence, or m-sequence used in 5G standards, or a broadband signal with good autocorrelation characteristics. The calibration timing can be autonomously triggered based on the satellite's health status, or it can be scheduled periodically by the ground. The system supports multi-satellite collaborative calibration, improving the overall calibration efficiency of the constellation.

[0034] In other words, the given calibration signal can be selected as a ZC sequence or a broadband signal with good autocorrelation characteristics; during transmission calibration, the mutually orthogonal calibration signals are generated by cyclically shifting the same basic ZC sequence by different numbers of points.

[0035] Each receiving element of the phased array antenna of the satellite to be calibrated receives the incident calibration signal, and the entire array receiving channel simultaneously receives the signal, performs down-conversion and analog-to-digital conversion to obtain the digital baseband signal for each channel, and stores it. Then, the digital signals acquired by each channel of the satellite to be calibrated are processed (through cross-correlation and the LS algorithm) to calculate the amplitude, phase, and delay differences of each channel, i.e., the measurement amplitude, measurement phase, and measurement delay of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated. These differences include channel errors and beamforming (DBF) phase differences.

[0036] S103, based on the given calibration signal and the phased array element parameters of the satellite to be calibrated, the theoretical inter-channel phase difference introduced by the beamforming network is removed from the measured phase to obtain the actual channel-level phase difference of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated.

[0037] This step can be understood as follows: First, based on the parameters of the given calibration signal and the phased array element parameters of the satellite to be calibrated, the phase difference between beamforming DBF channels in the incident direction under the ideal condition of no channel phase error is calculated, which is the theoretical phase difference between channels introduced by the beamforming network.

[0038] The measured values ​​calculated in step S102 include channel-level errors and beamforming DBF phase differences. The DBF phase differences calculated above are removed from the measured values ​​calculated in step S102, which is the theoretical inter-channel phase difference introduced by the beamforming network, to obtain the calibration channel amplitude, phase and delay errors, which is the actual channel-level phase difference of each transmit and receive channel.

[0039] In other words, during the receiving channel calibration phase, the theoretical inter-channel phase difference that the digital beamforming network should apply under ideal conditions is calculated based on the incident direction of the auxiliary satellite signal and the geometric position of each receiving array element. The measured phase is subtracted from the theoretical inter-channel phase difference to obtain the pure phase error of the receiving channel. Combined with the measured amplitude and measurement delay, the error compensation parameters of the receiving channel are constituted and updated to the calibration compensation module of the satellite to be calibrated.

[0040] During the launch channel calibration phase, the auxiliary satellite calculates the theoretical inter-channel phase difference that the DBF network should apply under ideal conditions based on the known direction of arrival and the geometric position of each launch element. The measured phase is subtracted from the theoretical inter-channel phase difference to obtain the pure phase error of the launch channel. Combined with the measured amplitude and measurement delay, the error compensation parameters of the launch channel are constituted. The auxiliary satellite sends the error compensation parameters of the launch channel back to the satellite to be calibrated via the inter-satellite link, and the satellite to be calibrated updates the calibration compensation module with them.

[0041] S104, based on the actual channel-level phase difference, the measurement amplitude, and the measurement delay, error compensation is performed on each transmit and receive channel of the satellite to be calibrated, thereby achieving on-orbit calibration of the satellite to be calibrated.

[0042] This can be understood as follows: after calculating the actual channel-level phase difference of each transceiver channel according to the above steps, the compensation unit is updated based on the phase difference and the measurement amplitude and measurement delay calculated in step S102, so as to update the transceiver signal and perform error compensation for each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated, thereby achieving on-orbit calibration.

[0043] The on-orbit calibration method for digital phased arrays based on satellite cooperation provided by this invention utilizes the networking characteristics of low-Earth orbit satellite constellations. Through cooperation between low-Earth orbit satellites, it achieves high-precision autonomous measurement and compensation of amplitude, phase, and delay errors of the satellite phased array transmit and receive channels without the need for ground station participation or additional on-board dedicated calibration hardware. This enhances the autonomous survivability and on-orbit service reliability of the satellite system.

[0044] Optionally, in the satellite-cooperative digital phased array on-orbit calibration method provided by the above embodiments, during the receiving channel calibration stage, the calculation of the measurement amplitude, measurement phase, and measurement delay of each receiving channel of the satellite to be calibrated includes: controlling the auxiliary satellite to transmit a first calibration signal to the satellite to be calibrated, so that the satellite to be calibrated can simultaneously receive the first calibration signal through each receiving channel of its phased array; and using cross-correlation and least squares algorithms to process and calculate the first calibration signal to obtain the first measurement amplitude, first measurement phase, and first measurement delay of each receiving channel of the satellite to be calibrated.

[0045] During the transmission channel calibration phase, the calculation of the measurement amplitude, measurement phase, and measurement delay of each transmission channel of the satellite to be calibrated includes: controlling each channel of the satellite to be calibrated to transmit mutually orthogonal second calibration signals to the auxiliary satellite, and applying beam pointing phase through a beam velocity forming network; and using cross-correlation and least squares algorithms to process and calculate the second calibration signals to obtain the second measurement amplitude, second measurement phase, and second measurement delay of each transmission channel of the satellite to be calibrated.

[0046] This invention can be understood as follows: during the calibration process, known satellite orbit parameters and beam pointing angles are used, combined with cross-correlation and least squares algorithms, to extract channel-level errors and perform digital compensation. The calculation process is divided into a receiving channel calibration procedure and a transmitting channel calibration procedure.

[0047] During the receiving channel calibration phase: the auxiliary satellite transmits a calibration signal with known characteristics to the satellite to be calibrated based on the calculated beam direction, which is called the first calibration signal; then, the satellite to be calibrated simultaneously receives the first calibration signal through each receiving channel of its phased array, and performs down-conversion and analog-to-digital conversion to obtain the digital baseband signal of each channel; finally, based on the cross-correlation and least squares (LS) algorithm, the digital baseband signal and the known first calibration signal are processed to calculate the measurement amplitude, measurement phase and measurement delay of each receiving channel, which are respectively called the first measurement amplitude, the first measurement phase and the first measurement delay.

[0048] During the launch channel calibration phase: the satellite to be calibrated controls each launch channel of its phased array to directionally transmit a set of mutually orthogonal calibration signals to the auxiliary satellite, which is called the second calibration signal; then, the auxiliary satellite receives the second calibration signal and, based on cross-correlation and LS algorithm, measures the measurement amplitude, measurement phase and measurement delay of the signals from each launch channel of the satellite to be calibrated, which are respectively called the second measurement amplitude, the second measurement phase and the second measurement delay.

[0049] Optionally, the present invention determines the channel delay by the peak position of the cross-correlation function, and solves the complex channel coefficients containing amplitude and phase information by constructing an LS equation with the channel coefficients as unknowns.

[0050] This invention, through the aforementioned step-by-step calibration process of receiving and transmitting, can completely achieve on-orbit autonomous high-precision calibration of a spaceborne digital phased array system. This invention cleverly utilizes the constellation's own network resources, focusing on software and algorithms to achieve high-performance calibration with minimal hardware, making it particularly suitable for future large-scale, highly dynamic low-Earth orbit satellite communication constellations.

[0051] Optionally, the on-orbit calibration method for a digital phased array based on satellite cooperation provided in the above embodiments includes processing and calculating the first calibration signal using cross-correlation and least squares algorithms, comprising: The first calibration signal is down-converted and analog-to-digital converted to obtain the digital baseband signal incident on each of the receiving channels; For the digital baseband signal and the received acquisition signal of each of the aforementioned receiving channels, cross-correlation calculations are performed according to the following cross-correlation function: ; In the formula, This indicates that a cross-correlation calculation is being performed. x ( t ) represents the digital baseband signal. This refers to the received and acquired signals of each receiving channel. t Representing the independent variable of time, Indicates time delay. m , n These represent the row and column numbers of the coordinates of the satellite antenna array to be calibrated; Get the maximum correlation Time delay and will The first measurement delay serves as the receiving channel; Based on the first measurement delay, the digital baseband signal, and the received acquisition signal, the first measurement amplitude and the first measurement phase are calculated by establishing a least squares equation.

[0052] This can be understood as the channel phase difference in this invention including DBF phase difference and channel calibration phase difference. The calculation method is as follows: Assume the incident calibration signal is denoted as Collect data from each receiving channel. Let m and n be the row and column numbers of the antenna array, respectively. The cross-correlation function between the transmitted and received signals is: ; In the formula, t represents the time variable. Indicates a time delay.

[0053] Based on the above formula, the maximum correlation is calculated to be... Time, delay At this point, the delay parameter of the channel is obtained as follows: .

[0054] Channel amplitude and phase coefficients can be calculated using LS. Delay Then, the channel coefficients are calculated using the LS algorithm. These are complex coefficients, which include the amplitude of the channel. and phase information Where amp and angle are the amplitude and phase (radians) functions, respectively.

[0055] The LS equations are established in this invention as follows: .

[0056] Optionally, in the satellite-cooperative digital phased array on-orbit calibration method provided by the above embodiments, the phased array element parameters include: geometric coordinates in a Cartesian coordinate system and element spacing; correspondingly, obtaining the actual channel-level phase difference of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated includes: Based on the given calibration signal, the geometric coordinates, and the element spacing, the actual channel-level phase difference under ideal channel-free phase error conditions is calculated using the following formula: ; In the formula, This represents the actual channel-level phase difference. Indicates the beam direction of the given calibration signal. These represent off-axis and azimuth angles, respectively. Indicates the spacing between array elements. This represents the signal frequency of the given calibration signal. The geometric coordinates of the phased array element in the Cartesian coordinate system are represented.

[0057] This invention can be understood as follows: when calculating the phase difference of the DBF channel, the present invention can refer to the beam direction transmitted by the auxiliary satellite. (representing off-axis and azimuth angles), the geometric coordinates of the phased array elements of the satellite to be calibrated in the Cartesian coordinate system (by...). (Indicated below) Element spacing (Unit: mm), and signal frequency (Unit: GHz), using the path difference formula, the required DBF inter-channel phase difference for this incident direction under ideal, channel-free phase error conditions is calculated as follows: .

[0058] It should be understood that the measured values ​​calculated in the above embodiments include channel-level errors and DBF phase differences. According to the above embodiments, the DBF phase difference is removed from the measured values ​​to obtain the calibration channel amplitude, phase, and delay errors. The phase difference parameter is the measurement phase difference calculated during calibration. Subtract the ideal phase difference calculated by the DBF above. Then update to the compensation unit. To compensate for the previous digital signal, The formula for the compensated signal is as follows: .

[0059] It is understandable that the above explanation is based on the calibration of the receiving channel. The calibration process for the transmitting channel is the reverse of that for the receiving channel, and mainly includes: Step 1: State Switching. When a deviation in the pointing of the satellite phased array transmit beam is detected, the receiving satellite's main control unit calculates the received signal G / T value to determine if recalibration is required. If the G / T value is lower than the expected value with a certain weight, recalibration is deemed necessary. The calculation and judgment criteria are consistent with those for receiving channel calibration. The receiving satellite sends a calibration command to the ground control unit, including the satellite number to be calibrated, and waits for the ground control unit to complete scheduling preparations. Then, a calibration command is sent to the satellite to be calibrated, and a service switch is performed. The satellite to be calibrated is set to transmit calibration mode and an auxiliary calibration satellite is designated, to which auxiliary calibration commands and calibration times are transmitted.

[0060] Step 2: Condition Judgment and Command Issuance. Reusing the receive calibration judgment logic, when the ground control unit determines, based on the ephemeris, that the relative distance and angle between the orbits of the satellite to be calibrated and the auxiliary satellite meet the minimum sensitivity requirements of the communication link, the ground control unit sends a command to the auxiliary satellite, instructing it to prepare to receive the calibration signal transmitted by the satellite to be calibrated and specify the reception time.

[0061] Step 3: After the auxiliary satellite enters its expected orbital position, the phased array antenna of the satellite to be calibrated will be aligned according to the preset beam direction. (The off-axis pointing and azimuth angles are calculated from the orbital parameters of the two satellites and fed into the DBF network.) Each channel of the satellite to be calibrated transmits mutually orthogonal broadband signals (to facilitate channel separation; mutually orthogonal broadband signals can use time-domain multicarrier signals, and the subcarrier positions of the multicarrier signals transmitted by each channel do not overlap), and the beam pointing phase is applied through the DBF network. The DBF network applies the phase difference for specific beam pointing under different channels.

[0062] Step 4: The auxiliary satellite receives signals from the satellite to be calibrated and measures the amplitude, phase, and delay information of the signals from each transmission channel of the satellite to be calibrated using relevant algorithms. The auxiliary satellite uses the known direction of the incoming wave. Calculate the DBF phase difference for each channel The final calibration channel amplitude, phase, and delay errors were calculated by the auxiliary satellite master control unit. .

[0063] Step 5: The auxiliary satellite will send the measured amplitude, phase and delay information data of each transmission channel back to the satellite to be calibrated via the inter-satellite link.

[0064] Step 6: After the satellite to be calibrated receives the channel error data, it updates the data to the calibration compensation module, and the calibration is completed.

[0065] To further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following description uses an S-band low-orbit communication satellite as an example for more detailed explanation, but does not limit the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0066] First, configure the following system parameters.

[0067] Satellite orbit: Both the satellite to be calibrated and the auxiliary satellite are low-Earth orbit satellites with an altitude of approximately 500 km, and the minimum cooperative distance is set to [missing information]. The minimum distance can be solved using the free space loss formula, the minimum received level formula, and the array parameters. ; Array parameters: The array elements of the phased array antenna are arranged in rows and columns as follows: The spacing between array elements is half the wavelength of the transmitted signal (approximately 71.4 mm). Signal parameters: The ZC sequence is used as the given calibration signal, with a center frequency of 2.1 GHz and a signal bandwidth of 40 MHz.

[0068] Next, obtain the given calibration signal.

[0069] During transmit calibration, the ZC sequence is cyclically shifted at equal intervals to generate different transmit calibration sequence signals for each channel, as shown in the following formula: ; For channel labeling, For the first Channel calibration signal, This indicates a cyclic shift of the ZC sequence. If there are 1 sampling point, the maximum delay difference between channels cannot exceed 1 / 2. Number of sampling points. For example, the length of the ZC sequence is... Then nc = floor(nzc / k), This is for rounding down. The sequence consists of Sequence cyclic shift generation, initial ZC sequence The parameters are given by the root and the sequence length nzc. For example, root=1; nzc=8191. The calibration signals are stored in the main control unit for transmission or calibration-related calculations.

[0070] Next, the calibration of the transceiver channels will be carried out.

[0071] Receiving channel: Based on the orbital scheduling of the two satellites, the ground control unit determines the distance between the two satellites at time t0. The calibration conditions are met. Therefore, the calibration command and calibration time t0 are sent to the auxiliary satellite and the satellite to be calibrated, respectively.

[0072] After receiving the command, the auxiliary satellite calculates the beam pointing angle based on the real-time ephemeris. Generate calibration signal The beam is transmitted and directed at the satellite to be calibrated.

[0073] The satellite to be calibrated receives signals in wide-beam mode and collects data from each channel. Its cross-correlation function is: ; Finding the point of maximum correlation is equivalent to calculating the delay of channel k. .

[0074] Its channel amplitude and phase coefficients can be calculated using LS. Delay Then, the channel coefficients are calculated using the LS algorithm. , Includes k( ) channel amplitude and phase information

[0075] Let amp and angle represent the amplitude and phase, respectively. The LS equations are established as follows: .

[0076] Based on the position of the array element and the angle of incidence The DBF phase difference is calculated as follows: .

[0077] The updated calibration coefficient for the k-th channel is then: , .

[0078] Launch channel: After receiving the launch calibration command, the satellite to be calibrated and the auxiliary satellite transmit calibration signals through their respective channels. .

[0079] To assist satellite signal reception, the orthogonality of the cyclic shifted ZC sequence is utilized. Similar to receiver calibration, the amplitude, phase, and delay of each channel are calculated using correlation and LS-based methods. The DBF phase difference is calculated based on the direction of arrival. The actual error of each transmission channel is denoted as... The data is then packaged and sent back to the satellite to be calibrated.

[0080] Update launch calibration coefficients for satellites to be calibrated .

[0081] Through the above specific implementation methods, high-precision on-orbit autonomous calibration of low-orbit satellite phased arrays can be achieved.

[0082] This invention utilizes an auxiliary satellite as a far-field reference source. By transmitting and receiving calibration signals, it completes error measurement and compensation for the parameters of the receiving and transmitting channels of the satellite to be calibrated, respectively. It eliminates reliance on ground feedback channels, enabling calibration to be completed through inter-satellite cooperation even in areas without ground station coverage or when ground systems fail, significantly enhancing the on-orbit survivability and service continuity of the satellite system. Furthermore, the calibration process can be designed to be triggered shortly after the auxiliary satellite reaches a designated location, requiring only a short period of transmission or reception of calibration signals, with minimal impact on the auxiliary satellite's normal operational mode. Simultaneously, it leverages existing inter-satellite communication links and onboard processing resources, eliminating the need for expensive dedicated calibration hardware on the satellite (such as independent feedback calibration networks, numerous switches, and couplers), thus saving on satellite platform design complexity, weight, power consumption, and cost.

[0083] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides an on-orbit calibration device for a satellite-cooperative digital phased array according to the above embodiments. This device is used to perform on-orbit calibration of a satellite digital phased array in the above embodiments. Therefore, the descriptions and definitions in the on-orbit calibration methods for satellite-cooperative digital phased arrays in the above embodiments can be used to understand the various execution modules in this invention. For details, please refer to the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0084] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the satellite-cooperative digital phased array on-orbit calibration device is as follows: Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the satellite-cooperative digital phased array on-orbit calibration device provided by the present invention. This device can be used to implement the satellite-cooperative digital phased array on-orbit calibration in the above-described method embodiments. The device includes: a selection module 201, a calculation module 202, an error correction module 203, and a compensation calibration module 203. Wherein: The selection module 201 is used to select a satellite that meets the conditions as an auxiliary satellite if the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated are detected to be offset. The auxiliary satellite is used as a calibration reference source. The calculation module 202 is used to control the transmission or reception of a given calibration signal through the link between the auxiliary satellite and the satellite to be calibrated, and to calculate the measurement amplitude, measurement phase and measurement delay of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated by combining cross-correlation and least squares algorithms. The error correction module 203 is used to remove the theoretical inter-channel phase difference introduced by the beamforming network from the measured phase based on the given calibration signal and the phased array element parameters of the satellite to be calibrated, and obtain the actual channel-level phase difference of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated. The compensation calibration module 204 is used to perform error compensation on each transmit and receive channel of the satellite to be calibrated based on the actual channel-level phase difference, the measurement amplitude, and the measurement delay, so as to realize the on-orbit calibration of the satellite to be calibrated.

[0085] The satellite-cooperative digital phased array on-orbit calibration device provided by this invention utilizes the networking characteristics of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation. Through cooperation between low-Earth orbit satellites, it achieves high-precision autonomous measurement and compensation of amplitude, phase, and delay errors of the satellite phased array transmit and receive channels without the need for ground station participation or additional on-board dedicated calibration hardware. This enhances the autonomous survivability and on-orbit service reliability of the satellite system.

[0086] It is understood that the relevant program modules in the apparatus of the above embodiments can be implemented by a hardware processor in this invention. Furthermore, the satellite-cooperative digital phased array on-orbit calibration apparatus of this invention, utilizing the above program modules, can implement the satellite-cooperative digital phased array on-orbit calibration process of the above method embodiments. When used to implement the satellite-cooperative digital phased array on-orbit calibration in the above method embodiments, the beneficial effects produced by the apparatus of this invention are the same as those in the corresponding above method embodiments, and can be referred to the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0087] As another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides an electronic device according to the above embodiments, the electronic device including a memory, a processor and a program or instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program or instructions, it implements the steps of the on-orbit calibration method of a digital phased array based on satellite cooperation as described in the above embodiments.

[0088] Furthermore, the electronic device of the present invention may also include a communication interface and a bus. (See reference) Figure 3 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device, including: at least one memory 301, at least one processor 302, a communication interface 303, and a bus 304.

[0089] The memory 301, processor 302, and communication interface 303 communicate with each other via bus 304. The communication interface 303 is used for information transmission between the electronic device and the ground station equipment. The memory 301 stores programs or instructions that can be run on the processor 302. When the processor 302 executes the program or instructions, it implements the steps of the on-orbit calibration method of digital phased array based on satellite cooperation as described in the above embodiments.

[0090] This electronic device can be understood to include at least a memory 301, a processor 302, a communication interface 303, and a bus 304. The memory 301, processor 302, and communication interface 303 are interconnected via the bus 304, enabling communication between them. For example, the processor 302 can read program instructions for an on-orbit calibration method for a digital phased array based on satellite cooperation from the memory 301. Furthermore, the communication interface 303 can also establish a communication connection between the electronic device and ground station equipment, facilitating information transmission between them, such as reading satellite status information through the communication interface 303.

[0091] When the electronic device is running, the processor 302 calls the program instructions in the memory 301 to execute the methods provided in the above-described method embodiments, including, for example: if a shift in the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated is detected, a satellite that meets the conditions is selected as an auxiliary satellite, which is used as a calibration reference source; by controlling the link between the auxiliary satellite and the satellite to be calibrated to transmit or receive a given calibration signal, and combining cross-correlation and least squares algorithms, the measurement amplitude, measurement phase, and measurement delay of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated are calculated; based on the given calibration signal and the phased array element parameters of the satellite to be calibrated, the theoretical inter-channel phase difference introduced by the beamforming network is removed from the measurement phase to obtain the actual channel-level phase difference of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated; based on the actual channel-level phase difference, the measurement amplitude, and the measurement delay, error compensation is performed on each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated to achieve on-orbit calibration of the satellite to be calibrated, etc.

[0092] When the program instructions in the aforementioned memory 301 can be implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Alternatively, all or part of the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to the program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it performs the steps of the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0093] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium according to the above embodiments, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a computer, it implements the steps of the on-orbit calibration method for a digital phased array based on satellite cooperation as described in the above embodiments. For example, it includes: if a shift in the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated is detected, a satellite that meets the conditions is selected as an auxiliary satellite, which is used as a calibration reference source; by controlling the link between the auxiliary satellite and the satellite to be calibrated to transmit or receive a given calibration signal, and combining cross-correlation and least squares algorithms, the measurement amplitude, measurement phase, and measurement delay of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated are calculated; based on the given calibration signal and the phased array element parameters of the satellite to be calibrated, the theoretical inter-channel phase difference introduced by the beamforming network is removed from the measurement phase to obtain the actual channel-level phase difference of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated; based on the actual channel-level phase difference, the measurement amplitude, and the measurement delay, error compensation is performed on each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated to achieve on-orbit calibration of the satellite to be calibrated, etc.

[0094] As another aspect of the present invention, this embodiment also provides a computer program product according to the above embodiments. The computer program product includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by the computer, the computer can execute the on-orbit calibration method for a digital phased array based on satellite cooperation provided in the above method embodiments. The method includes, for example,: if a shift in the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated is detected, selecting a satellite that meets the conditions as an auxiliary satellite, the auxiliary satellite being used as a calibration reference source; and controlling the auxiliary satellite... The system transmits or receives a given calibration signal via an inter-satellite link to the satellite to be calibrated, and calculates the measurement amplitude, measurement phase, and measurement delay of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated using cross-correlation and least squares algorithms. Based on the given calibration signal and the phased array element parameters of the satellite to be calibrated, the theoretical inter-channel phase difference introduced by the beamforming network is removed from the measurement phase to obtain the actual channel-level phase difference of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated. Based on the actual channel-level phase difference, the measurement amplitude, and the measurement delay, error compensation is performed on each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated to achieve on-orbit calibration of the satellite to be calibrated.

[0095] The electronic device, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product provided by this invention, by executing the steps of the satellite-cooperative digital phased array on-orbit calibration method described in the above embodiments, utilize the networking characteristics of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation itself, and through cooperation between low-Earth orbit satellites, achieve high-precision autonomous measurement and compensation of amplitude, phase, and delay errors of the satellite phased array transmit and receive channels without the need for ground station participation or the addition of dedicated on-board calibration hardware, thereby improving the autonomous survivability and on-orbit service reliability of the satellite system.

[0096] It is understood that the embodiments of the devices, electronic devices, and storage media described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate; they may be located in one place or distributed across different network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any inventive effort.

[0097] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a USB flash drive, mobile hard drive, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, or optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (such as a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the above method embodiments or some parts of the method embodiments.

[0098] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that in the application documents of this invention, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0099] Numerous specific details are set forth in this specification. However, it should be understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification. Similarly, it should be understood that, in order to simplify the disclosure of this invention and aid in the understanding of one or more aspects of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof in the above description of exemplary embodiments of the invention.

[0100] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for on-orbit calibration of a digital phased array based on satellite cooperation, characterized in that, include: If a shift in the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated is detected, a satellite that meets the conditions is selected as an auxiliary satellite, which is used as a calibration reference source. The selection of satellites that meet the conditions as auxiliary satellites includes: By calculating path loss and judging the received signal level, it is determined whether the inter-satellite distance between the target satellite and the satellite to be calibrated meets the link budget requirements. If it does, the target satellite is determined to be a satellite that meets the conditions and is used as the auxiliary satellite. By controlling the transmission or reception of a given calibration signal through the link between the auxiliary satellite and the satellite to be calibrated, and combining cross-correlation and least squares algorithms, the measurement amplitude, measurement phase, and measurement delay of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated are calculated. During the receiving channel calibration phase, the calculation of the measurement amplitude, measurement phase, and measurement delay of each transmitting and receiving channel of the satellite to be calibrated includes: The auxiliary satellite is controlled to transmit a first calibration signal to the satellite to be calibrated, so that the satellite to be calibrated can simultaneously receive the first calibration signal through each receiving channel of its phased array. Using cross-correlation and least squares algorithms, the first calibration signal is processed and calculated to obtain the first measurement amplitude, first measurement phase and first measurement delay of each receiving channel of the satellite to be calibrated; During the transmission channel calibration phase, the calculation of the measurement amplitude, measurement phase, and measurement delay of each transmit and receive channel of the satellite to be calibrated includes: The satellite to be calibrated transmits mutually orthogonal second calibration signals to the auxiliary satellite through each channel of the satellite to be calibrated, and applies beam pointing phase through a beam velocity forming network; Using cross-correlation and least squares algorithms, the second calibration signal is processed and calculated to obtain the second measurement amplitude, second measurement phase and second measurement delay of each transmission channel of the satellite to be calibrated; Based on the given calibration signal and the phased array element parameters of the satellite to be calibrated, the theoretical inter-channel phase difference introduced by the beamforming network is removed from the measured phase to obtain the actual channel-level phase difference of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated. Based on the actual channel-level phase difference, the measurement amplitude, and the measurement delay, error compensation is performed on each transmit and receive channel of the satellite to be calibrated, thereby achieving on-orbit calibration of the satellite.

2. The on-orbit calibration method for digital phased arrays based on satellite cooperation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of processing and calculating the first calibration signal using cross-correlation and least squares algorithms includes: The first calibration signal is down-converted and analog-to-digital converted to obtain the digital baseband signal incident on each of the receiving channels; For the digital baseband signal and the received acquisition signal of each of the aforementioned receiving channels, cross-correlation calculations are performed according to the following cross-correlation function: ； In the formula, This indicates that cross-correlation calculations are being performed. x ( t ) represents the digital baseband signal. This refers to the received and acquired signals of each receiving channel. t Representing the independent variable of time, Indicates time delay. m , n These represent the row and column numbers of the coordinates of the satellite antenna array to be calibrated; Get the maximum correlation Time delay and will The first measurement delay serves as the receiving channel; Based on the first measurement delay, the digital baseband signal, and the received acquisition signal, the first measurement amplitude and the first measurement phase are calculated by establishing a least squares equation.

3. The on-orbit calibration method for digital phased arrays based on satellite cooperation according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The phased array element parameters include: geometric coordinates in Cartesian coordinates and element spacing; Accordingly, obtaining the actual channel-level phase difference of each transmit and receive channel of the satellite to be calibrated includes: Based on the given calibration signal, the geometric coordinates, and the element spacing, the actual channel-level phase difference under ideal channel-free phase error conditions is calculated using the following formula: ； In the formula, This represents the actual channel-level phase difference. Indicates the beam direction of the given calibration signal. These represent off-axis and azimuth angles, respectively. Indicates the spacing between array elements. This represents the signal frequency of the given calibration signal. The geometric coordinates of the phased array element in the Cartesian coordinate system are represented.

4. The on-orbit calibration method for digital phased arrays based on satellite cooperation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detected shift in the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated includes: If the G / T value of the phased array received signal is detected to be less than a preset threshold, it is determined that the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated have shifted. The preset threshold is a preset weighting coefficient multiplied by the theoretical expected value of the phased array received signal.

5. The on-orbit calibration method for digital phased arrays based on satellite cooperation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The given calibration signal is a ZC sequence or a cyclic shift variant of a ZC sequence or a broadband signal with autocorrelation properties.

6. An on-orbit calibration device for a digital phased array based on satellite cooperation, characterized in that, include: The selection module is used to select a satellite that meets the conditions as an auxiliary satellite if the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated are detected to be offset. By calculating the path loss and judging the received signal level, it determines whether the inter-satellite distance between the target satellite and the satellite to be calibrated meets the link budget requirement. If it does, the target satellite is determined to be a satellite that meets the conditions and is used as the auxiliary satellite. The auxiliary satellite is used as a calibration reference source. The calculation module is used to control the transmission or reception of a given calibration signal through the link between the auxiliary satellite and the satellite to be calibrated, and to calculate the measurement amplitude, measurement phase and measurement delay of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated by combining cross-correlation and least squares algorithms. During the receiving channel calibration phase, the auxiliary satellite is controlled to transmit a first calibration signal to the satellite to be calibrated, so that the satellite to be calibrated can simultaneously receive the first calibration signal through each receiving channel of its phased array; using cross-correlation and least squares algorithms, the first calibration signal is processed and calculated to obtain the first measurement amplitude, first measurement phase and first measurement delay of each receiving channel of the satellite to be calibrated; During the transmission channel calibration phase, each channel of the satellite to be calibrated transmits mutually orthogonal second calibration signals to the auxiliary satellite, and applies beam pointing phase through a beamforming network; the second calibration signals are processed and calculated using cross-correlation and least squares algorithms to obtain the second measurement amplitude, second measurement phase and second measurement delay of each transmission channel of the satellite to be calibrated. The error correction module is used to remove the theoretical inter-channel phase difference introduced by the beamforming network from the measured phase based on the given calibration signal and the phased array element parameters of the satellite to be calibrated, and to obtain the actual channel-level phase difference of each transceiver channel of the satellite to be calibrated. The compensation calibration module is used to perform error compensation on each transmit and receive channel of the satellite to be calibrated based on the actual channel-level phase difference, the measurement amplitude, and the measurement delay, so as to realize the on-orbit calibration of the satellite to be calibrated.

7. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a program or instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program or instructions, it implements the steps of the satellite-cooperative digital phased array on-orbit calibration method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program including program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, enable the computer to perform the satellite-cooperative digital phased array on-orbit calibration method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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