A stirling regenerative separate phase change material transfer device

Abstract

The application discloses a Stirling cold accumulation separation type phase change material transfer device, which comprises a Stirling refrigerator, a constant-temperature phase change material transfer box and a connecting and fixing cold conducting assembly; wherein the Stirling refrigerator comprises a cold head, the connecting and fixing cold conducting assembly comprises a cold head clamp installed on the cold head, a first cold conducting aluminum block, a second cold conducting aluminum block and a pair of first and second magnet rings; wherein the first cold conducting aluminum block is in contact connection with an inner container of the transfer box, the second cold conducting aluminum block is connected with the cold head clamp, the Stirling refrigerator is detachably connected with the constant-temperature phase change material transfer box through the first magnet ring surrounding the first cold conducting aluminum block and the second magnet ring surrounding the second cold conducting aluminum block, and the transfer device adopts a magnetic adsorption connection mode of the transfer box and the Stirling refrigerator, and can be quickly separated from the transfer box after high-efficiency cold accumulation is realized through the Stirling refrigerator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cryogenic technology and cold chain transportation equipment, specifically to a Stirling cold storage separation phase change material transfer device. Background Technology

[0002] In temperature-sensitive fields such as biomedicine, sample testing, and vaccine transportation, temperature-controlled transport boxes are crucial cold chain transportation equipment. Traditional temperature-controlled boxes typically rely on phase change material cold storage plates pre-frozen in cold storage or built-in compressors for refrigeration. The former requires large cold storage equipment, which is inconvenient to operate and lacks flexibility; the latter results in bulky and heavy transport boxes, and the continuous operation of the compressor during transportation consumes energy, generates vibration and noise, which is detrimental to the transportation of delicate items, and also increases operating costs and failure rates.

[0003] Therefore, developing a device that can quickly and conveniently store cold energy, and which can be separated from the refrigeration unit after cold energy storage to achieve lightweight, low-cost, and long-term constant-temperature transport is of great practical significance.

[0004] The Stirling refrigerator is a device that uses the periodic compression and expansion of a gas to achieve refrigeration. It boasts advantages such as high theoretical efficiency, the ability to use inert gases as working fluid, and environmental friendliness. However, traditional Stirling refrigerators often employ a rotary motor-crank-connecting rod structure, which suffers from high mechanical friction, limited reliability, and difficulty in further improving efficiency. Secondly, in existing linear-drive Stirling refrigerators, the linear motor structure and Stirling mechanism components are not well-matched, resulting in low electromagnetic efficiency and large higher-order vibration components of the mover, thus causing noise and vibration problems in the entire machine.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field to develop a Stirling cold storage separation phase change material transfer device. The transfer box of the transfer device is connected to the Stirling refrigerator by magnetic adsorption. After efficient cold storage is achieved by the Stirling refrigerator, it can be quickly separated from the transfer box. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a Stirling cold storage separation phase change material transfer device. The transfer box of the transfer device is connected to the Stirling refrigerator by magnetic adsorption. After efficient cold storage is achieved by the Stirling refrigerator, it can be quickly separated from the transfer box.

[0007] This application provides a Stirling cold storage separation phase change material transfer device, comprising: a Stirling refrigerator, a constant temperature phase change material transfer box, and a connecting and fixing cold conduction assembly; wherein, The constant temperature phase change material transfer box includes, from the inside out, a transfer box liner, a gel phase change material, a VIP and a polyurethane composite insulation layer; the Stirling refrigerator includes a cold head, and the connecting and fixing cold conduction assembly includes a cold head clamp, a first cold conduction aluminum block, a second cold conduction aluminum block, and a pair of first and second magnetic rings mounted on the cold head. The first cooling aluminum block is in contact with the inner liner of the transfer box, and the second cooling aluminum block is connected to the cold head clamp. The Stirling refrigerator and the constant temperature phase change material transfer box are detachably connected by a first magnetic ring surrounding the first cooling aluminum block and a second magnetic ring surrounding the second cooling aluminum block, so that the cooling energy generated by the Stirling refrigerator is transferred to the inner liner of the transfer box through the first cooling aluminum block and the second cooling aluminum block.

[0008] In another preferred embodiment, the first cooling aluminum block includes a first cylindrical cooling contact portion, a first cylindrical connecting portion, and a first flange protruding outward from the bottom surface of the first cylindrical connecting portion along the radial direction of the first cylindrical connecting portion. A circular bottom surface of the first cylindrical cooling contact portion is in contact with the inner surface of the transfer box, and the first magnet ring surrounds the curved side surface of the first cylindrical connecting portion.

[0009] In another preferred embodiment, the outer diameter of the first flange is the same as the outer diameter of the first magnet ring.

[0010] In another preferred embodiment, the first cooling aluminum block is fixedly connected to the inner liner of the transfer box by screws.

[0011] In another preferred embodiment, the second cooling aluminum block includes a second cylindrical connecting portion and a second flange protruding outward from the bottom surface of the second cylindrical connecting portion in a radial direction, and the second magnet ring surrounds the curved side surface of the second cylindrical connecting portion.

[0012] In another preferred embodiment, the second cylindrical connecting portion is fixed to the second cooling aluminum block by screws.

[0013] In another preferred embodiment, the outer diameter of the second cylindrical connector is the same as the outer diameter of the cold head clamp.

[0014] In another preferred embodiment, the second cylindrical connecting part is a cylindrical aluminum block.

[0015] In another preferred embodiment, the second cylindrical connecting portion and the first cylindrical connecting portion have the same structure and size, the first flange and the second flange have the same structure and size, and the first flange and the second flange are tightly attached together through the first magnet ring and the second magnet ring.

[0016] The Stirling refrigerator includes a housing assembly, a cylinder assembly, a piston assembly, and a linear motor disposed within the housing assembly; The cylinder assembly includes an integral cylinder, and the piston assembly includes a power piston mechanism, which includes a power piston. The linear motor includes, from the inside to the outside, an inner magnetic yoke, a magnetic ring, and an outer magnetic yoke in its radial direction. The outer magnetic yoke has a recess facing the magnetic ring, which is used to wind a coil. A magnetic ring support frame is provided at the lower end of the magnetic ring. The magnetic ring support frame is connected to the power piston. When the energized coil interacts with the magnetic ring, the linear reciprocating motion of the magnetic ring drives the magnetic ring support frame to perform linear reciprocating motion, thereby driving the power piston to perform linear reciprocating motion within the integrated cylinder.

[0017] In another preferred embodiment, the coil is wound with flat wire, thereby increasing the number of turns of the coil within the limited space of the recess, thus improving motor efficiency. In another preferred embodiment, the power piston mechanism further includes a power leaf spring, which is connected to the magnetic ring support frame via a first connector.

[0018] In another preferred embodiment, the power leaf spring, the magnetic ring support frame, and the power piston are fixedly connected by the first connecting member.

[0019] In another preferred embodiment, the first connecting member is a power piston fixing screw, and the number of power piston fixing screws is 1, which is a ring-shaped screw.

[0020] In another preferred embodiment, the power piston is an annular component, the power piston includes a central cavity, and the piston assembly further includes a discharge piston mechanism, the discharge piston mechanism includes a first discharge piston and a discharge piston connecting rod, in the axial direction of the discharge piston connecting rod, the discharge piston connecting rod sequentially passes through the power leaf spring, the magnetic ring support frame, the central cavity of the power piston and the compression chamber of the Trin refrigerator, and is connected to the first discharge piston.

[0021] In another preferred embodiment, the discharge piston mechanism further includes a discharge leaf spring disposed at the end of the discharge leaf spring opposite to the discharge piston.

[0022] In another preferred embodiment, the discharge piston mechanism further includes a second discharge piston, the cylinder assembly further includes a discharge cylinder, the discharge cylinder is threadedly connected to the integral cylinder, the second discharge piston is threadedly connected to the first discharge piston, the second discharge piston reciprocates within the discharge cylinder under the drive of the discharge piston connecting rod, and the discharge cylinder is a non-metallic component.

[0023] Preferably, the second discharge piston is made of plastic, and the first discharge piston is made of metal.

[0024] In another preferred embodiment, the cylinder assembly consists of an integral cylinder and an exhaust cylinder.

[0025] In another preferred embodiment, the magnetic ring support frame includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion. The first connecting portion is annular and substantially perpendicular to the second connecting portion. The first connecting portion is connected to the lower end of the magnetic ring, and the upper surface of the second connecting portion is connected to the lower surface of the power piston.

[0026] In another preferred embodiment, the discharge piston connecting rod passes through the second connecting portion and leaves a certain gap between it and the second connecting portion.

[0027] In another preferred embodiment, in the radial direction, a portion of the first connecting portion is located between the inner yoke and the outer yoke.

[0028] In another preferred embodiment, the housing assembly is further provided with a motor fixing structure, which includes a soft magnetic fixing frame. The upper end face of the soft magnetic fixing frame is connected to the outer magnetic yoke, and the lower end face of the soft magnetic fixing frame is connected to the power leaf spring.

[0029] Preferably, in the radial direction, the soft magnetic fixing frame is located outside the magnetic ring support frame.

[0030] Preferably, the motor fixing structure further includes an inner magnetic yoke fixing aluminum ring, which is located below the inner magnetic yoke.

[0031] In another preferred embodiment, a cold finger assembly is further included, coaxially disposed on the upper end of the housing assembly. The cold finger assembly includes a cold finger base and a hot end heat sink, the hot end heat sink being located above the cold finger base, and the integrated cylinder being connected to the cold finger base.

[0032] In another preferred embodiment, the integrated cylinder is machined with an annular groove for the flow of gas in the compression chamber.

[0033] In another preferred embodiment, the cold finger assembly further includes a hot-end copper chain, a regenerator, a cold-end copper chain arranged sequentially along the axial direction, a regenerator housing disposed outside the regenerator in the radial direction, and a cold-end heat exchanger and a cold cap. Preferably, the cold-end heat exchanger is sleeved outside the cold-end copper chain and the regenerator housing.

[0034] In another preferred embodiment, the integrated cylinder includes a first cylinder sub-section, a second cylinder sub-section, and a third cylinder sub-section. In the radial direction, the first cylinder sub-section is located between the power piston and the inner magnetic yoke, and the second cylinder sub-section is connected to the cold finger base.

[0035] Preferably, the first discharge piston reciprocates within the third cylinder sub-section.

[0036] In another preferred embodiment, the housing assembly includes a lower housing, which includes an annular housing portion and a bottom-closed housing portion. The bottom-closed housing portion protrudes outward toward the outside of the housing assembly. The annular housing portion is disposed outside the outer magnetic yoke in the radial direction. The upper end of the annular housing is connected to the cold finger base.

[0037] In another preferred embodiment, an electrical interface is provided at the lower part of the annular housing portion for the electrodes to pass through, thereby connecting an external power source to an internal coil.

[0038] In another preferred embodiment, the lower housing is presented as an approximately bell-shaped or bowl-shaped structure with an open top and a closed bottom.

[0039] In another preferred embodiment, the housing assembly includes a lower housing, which includes an annular housing portion and a bottom closed housing portion. The Stirling refrigerator also includes a shock-absorbing assembly disposed outside the housing assembly, the shock-absorbing assembly including shock-absorbing stator fixing screws connected to the bottom closed housing portion.

[0040] In another preferred embodiment, the damping assembly further includes a damper fixing nut, a damper counterweight, a damper fixing washer, a damper fixing screw and a damper stator fixing nut, and a damper plate spring.

[0041] It should be understood that, within the scope of this invention, the above-described technical features of this invention and the technical features specifically described below (such as in the embodiments) can be combined with each other to form new or preferred technical solutions. Due to space limitations, they will not be described in detail here. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings described below are merely some implementation examples of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other implementation examples based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the Stirling cold storage separation phase change material transfer device according to this application; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the Stirling cold storage separation phase change material transfer device according to this application; Figure 3This is another cross-sectional view of the Stirling cold storage separation phase change material transfer device according to this application; Figure 4 This is a view of the connection and fixing of the cooling-conducting components of the Stirling cold storage separation phase change material transfer device according to this application, wherein the magnetic ring is shown transparently in order to show the cooling-conducting aluminum block; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the Stirling refrigerator according to this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the magnet-embedded linear motor of the Stirling refrigerator according to the first embodiment of this application; Figure 7 The current waveform (with built-in magnet) of the linear motor with built-in magnet obtained by simulation calculation according to the first embodiment of this application when it reaches a specified stroke. Figure 8 The components of the fundamental frequency and high-order frequency current of the magnet-embedded linear motor (embedded magnet) are obtained by simulation calculation according to the first embodiment of this application. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a linear motor with an external magnet according to the first comparative embodiment; Figure 10 The current waveform of the external magnet linear motor when it reaches a specified stroke is obtained by simulation calculation according to the first comparative embodiment. Figure 11 The components of the fundamental frequency and high-order frequency current of the external magnet linear motor are obtained by simulation calculation based on the first comparative embodiment. Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the power piston fixing screw for a high-power Stirling refrigerator according to this application is shown.

[0044] In each of the attached figures, the markings are as follows: 101-Inner liner of the transport box; 102-Gel phase change material; 103-VIP and polyurethane composite insulation layer; 200 - Cold head; 300 - Cold head clamp; 401 - First cooling aluminum block; 402 - Second cooling aluminum block; 501 - First magnet ring; 502 - Second magnet ring; 1-Cold cap; 2-Cold end heat exchanger; 3-Discharge cylinder; 4-Regenerator shell; 5-Second discharge piston; 6-Hot end copper chain; 7-Hot end radiator; 8-Cold finger base; 9-Lower shell; 91-Annular shell section; 92-Bottom closed shell section 10-Coil; 11-Outer yoke; 12-Electrode; 13-Soft magnetic mounting bracket; 14-Electrode welding housing; 15-Sterile stator fixing screw; 16-Sterile damper fixing nut; 17-Sterile damper counterweight; 18-Sterile damper fixing washer; 19-Sterile damper fixing screw; 20-Sterile damper stator fixing nut; 21-Sterile damper leaf spring; 22-Discharge leaf spring; 23-Leaf spring support column; 24-Power leaf spring; 25-Power piston fixing screw; 26-Magnetic ring support frame; 261-First connecting part; 262-Second connecting part; 27-Inner magnetic yoke fixing aluminum ring; 28-Inner magnetic yoke; 29-Magnetic ring; 30-Power piston; 31-Connecting rod; 32-Cylinder; 33-First discharge piston; 34-Regenerator; 35-Cold end copper chain. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Through extensive and in-depth research, the inventors have developed for the first time a Stirling-based cold storage and separation-type phase change material transfer device. This device connects the transfer box to the Stirling refrigerator using magnetic adsorption, offering flexible operation without the need for large cold storage facilities. Cold storage in the transfer box can be rapidly completed in any location with power. Furthermore, the Stirling refrigerator, by incorporating a linear motor with built-in magnets, significantly reduces the high-order frequency components of the motor current, thereby reducing high-order vibration and noise and improving operational stability. The Stirling refrigerator also integrates the cylinder seat and cylinder into a single unit, manufactured from the same material. This design serves both the mechanical connection function of the cylinder seat and the sealing and wear-resistant properties of the cylinder gap, significantly reducing processing costs and simplifying the manufacturing process, facilitating mass production.

[0046] In the following description, many technical details are presented to help the reader better understand this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented even without these technical details and various variations and modifications based on the following embodiments.

[0047] the term As used herein, the terms “axial” and “axial direction” are used interchangeably, as are the terms “radial” and “radial direction”. As used herein, the terms “linear motor assembly” and “linear motor” are used interchangeably; As used herein, the terms “excitation frequency” and “drive frequency” are used interchangeably; As used herein, the terms “excitation voltage” and “drive voltage” are used interchangeably; In this invention, all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0048] This application has at least one of the following advantages: (a) The Stirling cold storage separation phase change material transfer device of this application is connected to the Stirling refrigerator during cold storage by magnetic adsorption and separated from the Stirling refrigerator after cold storage is completed. This can ensure good thermal contact during cold storage and achieve instantaneous rapid connection and separation, thus improving the efficiency of use. (b) The Stirling cold storage separation phase change material transfer device of this application achieves cold storage by detachably connecting the Stirling refrigerator, without relying on a large cold storage. It can quickly complete the cold storage of the transfer device in any place with power supply, and is flexible in operation. It is especially suitable for short-distance and medium-distance transfer of medical samples, reagents and other items. (c) The Stirling refrigerator of this application significantly reduces the high-order frequency component of the motor current by setting a linear motor with built-in magnet, thereby reducing the high-order vibration and noise of the refrigerator and improving the operational stability. (d) The Stirling refrigerator of this application optimizes the number of turns of the linear motor coil by replacing the more commonly used round wire with flat wire, thereby increasing the number of turns of the coil that can be wound in a limited space and improving the motor efficiency. (e) The Stirling refrigerator of this application integrates the cylinder seat and the cylinder into one unit and is made of the same material. It not only undertakes the mechanical connection of the cylinder seat, but also undertakes the functions of sealing the cylinder gap and smooth wear resistance, which significantly reduces the processing cost and process flow and facilitates mass production.

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these are merely examples provided to the reader of possible implementations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0050] Example 1 Reference Figure 1 This application provides a Stirling cold storage separation phase change material transfer device, including a Stirling refrigerator, a constant temperature phase change material transfer box, and a connecting and fixing cold conduction component.

[0051] The constant-temperature phase change material transport box comprises, from the inside out, an inner liner 101, a gel phase change material 102, and a VIP and polyurethane composite insulation layer 103. The inner liner 101 is used to hold items requiring constant-temperature transport (such as medical samples). The inner liner 101 is wrapped with the gel phase change material 102. Preferably, the gel phase change material 102 is encapsulated in aluminum foil, thus forming a structure with a specific phase change temperature for storing cold energy. The gel phase change material 2 is surrounded by the VIP and polyurethane composite insulation layer 103 to provide excellent thermal insulation.

[0052] The Stirling refrigerator includes a cold head 200, and the connecting and fixing cooling components include a cold head clamp 300 mounted on the cold head 200, a first cooling aluminum block 401, a second cooling aluminum block 402, and a pair of first and second magnetic rings 501 and 502. The Stirling refrigerator is used to generate low temperatures, and the specific structure of the Stirling refrigerator will be described in detail below.

[0053] The first cooling aluminum block 401 is in contact with the inner liner 101 of the transfer box, and the second cooling aluminum block 402 is connected to the cold head clamp 300. The Stirling refrigerator and the constant temperature phase change material transfer box are detachably connected by the first magnetic ring 501 surrounding the first cooling aluminum block 401 and the second magnetic ring 502 surrounding the second cooling aluminum block 402, so that the cooling energy generated by the Stirling refrigerator is transferred to the inner liner 101 of the transfer box through the first cooling aluminum block 401 and the second cooling aluminum block 402.

[0054] In one embodiment, the first cooling aluminum block 401 includes a first cylindrical cooling contact portion, a first cylindrical connecting portion, and a first flange protruding outward from the bottom surface of the first cylindrical connecting portion along the radial direction of the first cylindrical connecting portion. A circular bottom surface of the first cylindrical cooling contact portion is in contact with the surface of the inner liner 101 of the transfer box, and a first magnet ring 501 surrounds the curved side surface of the first cylindrical connecting portion.

[0055] Preferably, the outer diameter of the first flange is the same as the outer diameter of the first magnet ring 501. Preferably, the first cylindrical cooling contact portion is cylindrical, and the outer diameter of the first cylindrical cooling contact portion is smaller than the diameter of the first cylindrical connecting portion.

[0056] Preferably, the first cooling aluminum block 401 is fixedly connected to the inner liner 101 of the transfer box by screws.

[0057] In one embodiment, the second cooling aluminum block 402 includes a second cylindrical connecting portion and a second flange protruding outward from the bottom surface of the second cylindrical connecting portion in the radial direction, and a second magnet ring 502 surrounds the curved side surface of the second cylindrical connecting portion.

[0058] Preferably, the second cylindrical connecting part is fixed to the second cooling aluminum block 402 by screws.

[0059] Preferably, the outer diameter of the second cylindrical connector is the same as the outer diameter of the cold head clamp.

[0060] Preferably, the second cylindrical connecting part is a cylindrical aluminum block.

[0061] Preferably, the second cylindrical connecting part and the first cylindrical connecting part have the same structure and size, and the first flange and the second flange have the same structure and size. The first flange and the second flange are tightly attached together through the first magnet ring 501 and the second magnet ring 502, thereby realizing the rapid and reliable connection and separation of the Stirling refrigerator and the transfer box through the first magnet ring 501 and the second magnet ring 502.

[0062] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During the cold storage stage, the Stirling refrigerator is tightly connected to the first cooling aluminum block 401 (connected to the transfer box) and the second cooling aluminum block 402 (connected to the cold head clamp) via the first magnetic ring 501 and the second magnetic ring 502. When the Stirling refrigerator is started, the low temperature generated by its cold head is directly conducted to the gel phase change material outside the inner liner through the first and second cooling aluminum blocks 401 and 402, causing it to undergo a phase change and store a large amount of cold energy. The Stirling refrigerator fan assists in heat exchange. After cold storage is completed, the Stirling refrigerator can be separated from the transfer box simply by overcoming the magnetic force. During the transfer stage, the independent transfer box, relying on the cold energy stored in the phase change material and the high-efficiency insulation layer, can maintain a constant temperature inside the liner for several hours to tens of hours, requiring no external energy and operating quietly without vibration.

[0063] More specifically, during cold storage, the Stirling refrigerator is moved next to the transfer box, aligning the second cooling aluminum block 402 connected to the cold head clamp 300 with the first cooling aluminum block 401 on the transfer box. Through the magnetic force of the paired magnets (i.e., the first magnet ring 501 and the second magnet ring 502) set on the first cooling aluminum block 401 and the second cooling aluminum block 402, the two are quickly and tightly attracted together.

[0064] When the Stirling refrigerator is powered on, the cold head 200 begins cooling. The cold energy is efficiently conducted to the inner liner 101 of the transfer box through the tightly contacting cold head clamp 300, the second cooling aluminum block 402, and the first cooling aluminum block 401, causing the gel phase change material 102 covering it to gradually freeze, completing the cold storage process. The refrigerator fan accelerates airflow, improving the overall heat exchange efficiency.

[0065] Once the gel phase change material 102 has fully undergone phase change and stored its cold energy, the Stirling refrigerator is shut down. By applying force to overcome the magnetic force of the magnets (i.e., the first magnet ring 501 and the second magnet ring 502), the Stirling refrigerator can be completely separated from the transport box. At this point, the transport box becomes an independent, sealed box with its interior maintained at a low and constant temperature. During transport, the low temperature of the inner liner is maintained entirely by the cold energy stored in the phase change material 102 and the high-efficiency composite insulation layer 103, requiring no external energy supply and producing no vibration or noise.

[0066] Stirling Refrigeration See Figure 5 The Stirling refrigerator has an axially arranged structure and mainly includes: a housing assembly, a cylinder assembly, a piston assembly, and a linear motor assembly installed inside the housing assembly, as well as a shock-absorbing assembly installed outside the housing assembly.

[0067] Linear motor assembly The linear motor assembly of the Stirling refrigeration unit in this application is a linear motor with an internal magnet and an external coil.

[0068] The linear motor assembly includes, from the inside to the outside, an inner magnetic yoke 28, a magnetic ring 29, and an outer magnetic yoke 11 along its radial direction. The outer magnetic yoke 11 has a recess facing the magnetic ring 29, which is used to wind the coil 10. A magnetic ring support frame 26 is provided at the lower end of the magnetic ring 29. The magnetic ring support frame 26 is connected to the power piston 30. When the energized coil 10 interacts with the magnetic ring 29, the linear reciprocating motion of the magnetic ring 29 drives the magnetic ring support frame 26 to perform linear reciprocating motion, thereby driving the power piston 30 to perform linear reciprocating motion in the integrated cylinder 32.

[0069] When energized, the alternating current flowing through coil 10 generates an alternating magnetic field. This magnetic field interacts with the magnetic ring 29, causing the magnetic ring 29 and its support frame 26 to reciprocate linearly along the axial direction. This reciprocating motion is then connected to the power piston 30 via the power piston fixing screw 25, driving the power piston 30 to reciprocate within the integrated cylinder 32, compressing the working gas. Simultaneously, the discharge piston, under the influence of the pressure wave in the compression chamber and the discharge leaf spring, maintains a certain phase difference with the power piston, completing the Stirling cycle.

[0070] Since the magnet (magnetic ring 29) is located inside the mover and the coil is fixed on the outer magnetic yoke 11, the high-order electromagnetic force components experienced by the magnetic ring 29 during the movement are significantly reduced, thereby effectively reducing the high-frequency vibration caused by motor excitation.

[0071] The lower end of the magnetic ring 29 is connected to a magnetic ring support frame 26, which is used to transmit the linear motion of the magnetic ring 29 to the piston assembly.

[0072] The magnetic ring support frame 26 includes a first connecting part 261 and a second connecting part 262. The first connecting part 261 is annular and is substantially perpendicular to the second connecting part 262. The first connecting part 261 is connected to the lower end of the magnetic ring 29, and the upper surface of the second connecting part 262 is connected to the lower surface of the power piston 30.

[0073] The coil 10 is wound inside the recess of the outer magnetic yoke 11, forming a winding connection with the outer magnetic yoke 11 to constitute the excitation coil structure of the linear motor.

[0074] Preferably, the magnetic ring support frame 26 and the magnetic ring 29 are fixedly connected by adhesive to ensure the structural stability of the magnetic ring during reciprocating motion.

[0075] The housing assembly also includes a motor fixing structure, which includes a soft magnetic fixing bracket 13. The upper end face of the soft magnetic fixing bracket 13 is connected to the outer magnetic yoke 11, and the lower end face of the soft magnetic fixing bracket 13 is connected to the power leaf spring 24.

[0076] The outer magnetic yoke 11 is also located below the cold finger base 8. The soft magnetic fixing frame 13, the outer magnetic yoke 11 and the cold finger base 8 are connected by screw fixing, so that the motor magnetic circuit structure and the whole frame form an integrated support.

[0077] Preferably, in the radial direction, the soft magnetic fixing frame 13 is located outside the magnetic ring support frame 26.

[0078] Preferably, the motor fixing structure further includes an inner magnetic yoke fixing aluminum ring 27, which is located directly below the inner magnetic yoke 28.

[0079] The inner magnetic yoke 28, the inner magnetic yoke fixing aluminum ring 27, and the integrated cylinder 32 are fixedly connected by adhesive to ensure the stability of the magnetic circuit structure and reduce assembly gaps.

[0080] The magnetic ring support frame 26, the power piston fixing screw 25, and the power piston 30 are connected by threads, thereby reliably transmitting the linear motion of the magnetic ring to the power piston 30.

[0081] Cylinder assembly and piston assembly The cylinder assembly and piston assembly are the core components that enable gas compression and expansion.

[0082] The cylinder assembly is housed inside the housing assembly and consists of a one-piece cylinder 32 and an exhaust cylinder 3. The exhaust cylinder 3 is made of plastic, while the one-piece cylinder is made of metal (such as aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, stainless steel, etc.).

[0083] The discharge cylinder 3 is connected to the upper outer side of the integrated cylinder 32 via a threaded connection, facilitating assembly and maintenance. The integrated cylinder 32 has an annular groove machined in it for the flow of gas in the compression chamber.

[0084] The integrated cylinder 32 includes a first cylinder section, a second cylinder section, and a third cylinder section. In the radial direction, the first cylinder section is located between the power piston 30 and the inner magnetic yoke 28, and the second cylinder section is connected to the cold finger base 8. The first discharge piston 33 reciprocates within the third cylinder section.

[0085] The piston assembly includes a power piston mechanism and a discharge piston mechanism. The power piston mechanism includes a power piston 30 and a power leaf spring 24. The power piston 30 is an annular component with a central cavity. It is connected to the power piston 30 via a power piston fixing screw 25, the power leaf spring 24, and the second connecting part 262 of the magnetic ring support frame 26. In the axial direction, the power leaf spring 24 is located below the magnetic ring support frame 26. Preferably, there is one power piston fixing screw, and the power piston screw 25 is annular. The long side of the power piston screw 25 passes through the second connecting part 262 of the magnetic ring support frame 26 and the power piston 30 in sequence. The head of the power piston screw 25 is located below the power leaf spring 24. The discharge piston connecting rod 31 also passes through the power piston screw 25. Figure 12 As shown, a schematic diagram of the structure of the power piston screw 25 is presented.

[0086] The discharge piston mechanism includes a first discharge piston 33, a second discharge piston 5, a discharge piston connecting rod 31, and a discharge leaf spring. In the axial direction of the discharge piston connecting rod 31, the discharge piston connecting rod 31 passes sequentially through the power leaf spring 24, the magnetic ring support frame 26 (the first connecting part 261 of the magnetic ring support frame 26), the central cavity of the power piston 30, and the compression chamber of the Trin refrigerator, and is connected to the first discharge piston 33.

[0087] The discharge leaf spring 22 is located at the end of the discharge leaf spring 22 opposite to the first discharge piston 33.

[0088] The discharge leaf spring 22 is fixed to the soft magnetic bracket 13 by screws and leaf spring support column 23. Its central area is connected to the end of the discharge piston connecting rod 31, providing radial support and axial elastic restoring force for the discharge piston.

[0089] The power leaf spring 24 and the discharge leaf spring 22 are pressed together by screws and leaf spring support column 23. The leaf spring support column 23 is connected to the soft magnetic fixing frame 13 by threads.

[0090] The second discharge piston 5 is threadedly connected to the first discharge piston 33. The second discharge piston 5 reciprocates within the discharge cylinder 3 under the drive of the discharge piston connecting rod 31.

[0091] Preferably, the second discharge piston is made of plastic, and the first discharge piston is made of metal.

[0092] housing assembly The housing assembly includes a lower housing 9, which has an approximately bell-shaped or bowl-shaped structure with an open top and a closed bottom. It includes an annular housing portion 91 and a bottom-closed housing portion 92. The bottom-closed housing portion 92 protrudes outward from the housing assembly. The annular housing portion 91 covers the outer side of the outer magnetic yoke 11 in the radial direction, and its upper end is connected to the cold finger base 8. The bottom-closed housing portion 92 is used to install the shock-absorbing components and to protect the internal structure.

[0093] An electrical interface is provided at the lower part of the annular housing portion 91 for the electrode 12 to pass through, so as to connect the external power supply to the internal coil 10.

[0094] The lower housing 9, electrode 12, electrode welding shell 14, and shock-absorbing stator fixing screw 15 are connected by welding to achieve reliable lead-out of electrical interface and structural sealing.

[0095] Cold finger components The cooling component is used to achieve the cooling effect and is located at the top of the unit.

[0096] The cold finger assembly includes a cold cap 1, a cold end heat exchanger 2, a cold end copper chain 35, a regenerator 34, a hot end copper chain 6, a hot end radiator 7, and a cold finger base 8 arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the axial direction.

[0097] The regenerator 34 is encased in a regenerator shell 4. The cold-end heat exchanger 2 is fitted over the cold-end copper chain 35 and the regenerator shell 4, and is used to efficiently transfer cooling energy to the cold cap 1. The hot-end radiator 7 is welded and fixed to the cold finger base 8. This structure achieves efficient heat exchange of the working fluid between the hot and cold ends in the Stirling cycle. Specifically, cooling energy is conducted away from the cold head (i.e., the cold-end heat exchanger 2 and the cold cap 1), while heat is conducted through the hot-end copper chain 6 to the hot-end radiator 7 and dissipated into the environment.

[0098] The cold cap 1, cold end heat exchanger 2, regenerator shell 4, hot end radiator 7, and cold finger base 8 are fixedly connected by welding to form a stable and reliable overall structure of the cold finger assembly. The hot end copper chain 6, regenerator 34, and cold end copper chain 35 are arranged sequentially along the axial direction and are connected by compression to ensure good thermal contact.

[0099] shock absorption components like Figure 5As shown, the Stirling refrigerator in this embodiment also includes a shock-absorbing assembly disposed outside the housing assembly. The shock-absorbing assembly includes a shock-absorbing stator fixing screw 15, a shock-absorbing stator fixing nut 16, a shock-absorbing stator counterweight 17, a shock-absorbing stator fixing washer 18, a shock-absorbing stator fixing screw 19, a shock-absorbing stator fixing nut 20, and a shock-absorbing leaf spring 21. The shock-absorbing stator fixing screw 15 is connected to the bottom closed housing portion 92.

[0100] One end of the damping leaf spring 21 is fixed to the damping stator fixing screw 15, and the other end is connected to the damping motor counterweight 17. By reasonably matching the counterweight mass and spring stiffness, the natural frequency of the damping component is made close to the excitation frequency of the linear motor, thereby effectively absorbing the fundamental frequency vibration.

[0101] The shock absorber stator fixing screw 15 and the shock absorber stator fixing nut 20 are connected by threads to press the inner ring of the shock absorber spring 21, thereby reliably installing the shock absorber assembly on the lower housing.

[0102] The vibration damper fixing nut 16, vibration damper counterweight 17, vibration damper fixing washer 18, vibration damper fixing screw 19, vibration damper stator fixing nut 20, and vibration damper leaf spring 21 are connected by screw fixing to form a passive vibration damping assembly.

[0103] Example 2 Stirling refrigerators are typically powered by linear compressors, which are driven by linear motors that make pistons reciprocate. The efficiency of the linear motor determines the efficiency of the compressor and thus the overall cooling performance of the unit.

[0104] In this embodiment, the applicant performed simulation calculations on the linear motor with built-in magnet and external coil of this application. The ANSYS Maxwell module is a professional service for electromagnetic simulation of motors. In Maxwell, a structural model of the motor's internal yoke, magnet, coil, and external yoke was established (the specific dimensions are based on the motor dimensions corresponding to the example of this invention). Then, the materials of each component were assigned (the yoke material is DT4 series, the magnet material is neodymium iron boron, and the coil is copper wire). Next, the motor motion load (such as mover mass, motion damping, spring stiffness, etc.) was assigned, and the motor coil was excited (the number of coil turns, resistance, excitation voltage, and frequency were set, etc.). Finally, the motor boundary conditions, the mesh division of each component, and the number of motion cycles were set. Finally, the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of the motor mover under transient model were obtained when the mover was running stably, thereby obtaining the phase frequency characteristics and amplitude frequency characteristics.

[0105] like Figure 6The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a linear motor with an internal magnet and an external coil. The coil inside the motor is energized with alternating current, and the stroke of the mover is controlled by adjusting the input voltage. The internal rare-earth permanent magnet has a smaller inner and outer diameter, resulting in lower cost (small size and light weight), easier assembly (lower static magnetic force), and higher efficiency. The higher-order components of the specific thrust experienced by the mover are also lower, making it easier to achieve low vibration in the entire machine.

[0106] Given a motor load (mover mass, stiffness, damping), calculate the current waveform when the mover reaches a specified stroke, and obtain the amplitude and phase corresponding to higher-order frequencies, such as... Figure 7 and Figure 8 .

[0107] Depend on Figure 7 , Figure 8 It can be seen that the current waveform is close to a sine wave. From the frequency domain analysis, the higher-order current components are relatively small, namely: First order Third order Fifth Order in, I It is electric current. pi It refers to pi (π), and t is time.

[0108] It can be seen that the higher-order vibration of the refrigeration unit caused by the motor is relatively low. Specifically, at the fifth order, the current amplitude is 0.031A. The passive vibration absorber of the refrigeration unit can cancel out most of the fundamental frequency vibration. Under this model, the Stirling refrigeration unit can achieve very small vibration.

[0109] Comparative Examples of Linear Motor Assembly Structures If the magnet is placed externally and the coil is placed internally, that is, the excitation coil is placed inside the magnet, the structural diagram of the linear motor assembly is as follows. Figure 9 As shown. External rare earth permanent magnets have larger inner and outer diameters, resulting in higher costs (larger volume and heavier weight) and making assembly more difficult (due to the larger static magnetic force of the magnets). The efficiency of external and internal magnet motors is similar, and the higher-order components of the specific thrust experienced by the mover are higher, which is not conducive to achieving low vibration in the whole machine.

[0110] Under the same motor load (same mover mass, stiffness, and damping), calculate the current waveform when the mover reaches the same stroke, and obtain the amplitude and phase corresponding to higher-order frequencies, such as... Figure 10 and Figure 11 .

[0111] Depend on Figure 10 and Figure 11 As can be seen, the current waveform is quite chaotic. From the frequency domain analysis, the higher-order current components are relatively large, namely... First order Third order Fifth Order It is evident that the higher-order vibration of the refrigeration unit caused by the motor is relatively high. Specifically, at the fifth order, the current amplitude is 1.24A. The passive vibration absorber of the refrigeration unit can only offset most of the fundamental frequency vibration and cannot suppress the higher-order frequency vibration. Under this model, the Stirling refrigeration unit as a whole cannot achieve low vibration.

[0112] It should be noted that in this patent application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. In this patent application, if it refers to performing an action according to an element, it means performing the action at least according to that element, including two cases: performing the action only according to that element, and performing the action according to that element and other elements. Expressions such as "multiple," "repeatedly," and "various" include two, two times, two kinds, and more than two, more than two times, and more than two kinds.

[0113] All documents mentioned in this application are considered to be incorporated in their entirety into the disclosure of this application so that they can serve as a basis for modifications if necessary. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the foregoing disclosure of this application, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to this application, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

Claims

1. A Stirling-based cold storage separation phase change material transfer device, characterized in that, include: Stirling refrigerator, isothermal phase change material transfer box, and connecting and fixing cooling components; among which, The constant temperature phase change material transfer box includes, from the inside out, a transfer box inner liner (101), a gel phase change material (102), a VIP and a polyurethane composite insulation layer (103); the Stirling refrigerator includes a cold head (200), and the connecting and fixing cold conduction assembly includes a cold head clamp (300), a first cold conduction aluminum block (401), a second cold conduction aluminum block (402), and a pair of first magnet rings (501) and second magnet rings (502) mounted on the cold head (200); The first cooling aluminum block (401) is in contact with the inner liner of the transfer box (101), and the second cooling aluminum block (402) is connected to the cold head clamp (300). The Stirling refrigerator and the constant temperature phase change material transfer box are detachably connected by the first magnetic ring (501) surrounding the first cooling aluminum block (401) and the second magnetic ring (502) surrounding the second cooling aluminum block (402), so that the cooling energy generated by the Stirling refrigerator is transferred to the inner liner of the transfer box (101) through the first cooling aluminum block (401) and the second cooling aluminum block (402). The first cooling aluminum block (401) includes a first cylindrical cooling contact portion, a first cylindrical connecting portion, and a first flange protruding outward from the bottom surface of the first cylindrical connecting portion along the radial direction of the first cylindrical connecting portion. A circular bottom surface of the first cylindrical cooling contact portion is in contact with the surface of the inner liner (101) of the transfer box, and the first magnet ring (501) surrounds the curved side surface of the first cylindrical connecting portion. The second cooling aluminum block (402) includes a second cylindrical connecting part and a second flange protruding outward from the bottom surface of the second cylindrical connecting part in the radial direction of the second cylindrical connecting part. The second magnetic ring (502) surrounds the curved side surface of the second cylindrical connecting part. The second cylindrical connecting part is connected to the cold head clamp (300). The second cylindrical connecting part and the first cylindrical connecting part have the same structure and size. The first flange and the second flange have the same structure and size. The first flange and the second flange are tightly attached together through the first magnet ring and the second magnet ring.

2. The transfer device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second cylindrical connecting part is a cylindrical aluminum block.

3. The transfer device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the second cylindrical connecting part is the same as the outer diameter of the cold head clamp.

4. The transfer device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The Stirling refrigerator also includes a housing assembly, a cylinder assembly, a piston assembly, and a linear motor disposed within the housing assembly; The cylinder assembly includes an integral cylinder (32), and the piston assembly includes a power piston mechanism, which includes a power piston (30). The linear motor includes, from the inside to the outside, an inner magnetic yoke (28), a magnetic ring (29), and an outer magnetic yoke (11) in its radial direction. The outer magnetic yoke (11) has a recess facing the magnetic ring (29) for winding a coil (10). A magnetic ring support frame (26) is provided at the lower end of the magnetic ring (29). The magnetic ring support frame (26) is connected to the power piston (30). When the energized coil (10) interacts with the magnetic ring (29), the linear reciprocating motion of the magnetic ring (29) drives the magnetic ring support frame (26) to perform linear reciprocating motion, thereby driving the power piston (30) to perform linear reciprocating motion in the integrated cylinder (32).

5. The transfer device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The power piston mechanism also includes a power leaf spring (24), which is connected to the magnetic ring support frame (26) via a first connector.

6. The transfer device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The power piston (30) is an annular component. The power piston (30) includes a central cavity. The piston assembly also includes a discharge piston mechanism. The discharge piston mechanism includes a first discharge piston (33) and a discharge piston connecting rod (31). In the axial direction of the discharge piston connecting rod (31), the discharge piston connecting rod (31) passes sequentially through the power leaf spring (24), the magnetic ring support frame (26), the central cavity of the power piston (30), and the compression chamber of the Stirling refrigerator, and is connected to the first discharge piston (33).

7. The transfer device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The magnetic ring support frame (26) includes a first connecting part (261) and a second connecting part (262). The first connecting part (261) is annular and is substantially perpendicular to the second connecting part (262). The first connecting part (261) is connected to the lower end of the magnetic ring (29), and the upper surface of the second connecting part (262) is connected to the lower surface of the power piston (30).

8. The transfer device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The housing assembly is also provided with a motor fixing structure, which includes a soft magnetic fixing frame (13). The upper end face of the soft magnetic fixing frame (13) is connected to the outer magnetic yoke (11), and the lower end face of the soft magnetic fixing frame (13) is connected to the power leaf spring (24).

9. The transfer device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a cold finger assembly coaxially disposed on the upper end of the housing assembly. The cold finger assembly includes a cold finger base (8) and a hot end heat sink (7). The hot end heat sink (7) is located above the cold finger base (8). The integrated cylinder (32) is connected to the cold finger base (8).

10. The transfer device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The integrated cylinder (32) includes a first cylinder subsection, a second cylinder subsection and a third cylinder subsection. In the radial direction, the first cylinder subsection is located between the power piston (30) and the inner magnetic yoke (28), and the second cylinder subsection is connected to the cold finger base (8).

11. The transfer device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The power leaf spring, the magnetic ring support frame, and the power piston are fixedly connected by the first connecting member.

12. The transfer device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The coil is wound with flat wire, thereby increasing the number of turns of the coil that can be wound within the limited space of the recess.

Images