A three-point contact ball bearing axial force calibration device and calibration method
By designing a three-point contact ball bearing axial force calibration device, the axial force of the far-end bearing in a multi-bearing series structure is directly measured and calibrated using a linear regression model. This solves the problems of large measurement error and inability to monitor in real time in existing technologies, and achieves high-precision axial force calibration.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- LUOYANG LYC BEARING
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, in multi-bearing series simply supported beam structures, the axial force of the three-point contact ball bearing at the far end is difficult to measure and calibrate directly, resulting in large calculation errors and the inability to monitor in real time.
Design a calibration device for axial force of three-point contact ball bearings, including a control unit, housing, spindle, multiple three-point contact ball bearings, radial and axial loading devices and pressure sensors. By establishing a linear regression model of the starting load and the ending load, the axial force can be directly measured and calibrated.
It enables direct and accurate calibration of the axial force of the distal three-point contact ball bearing in a multi-bearing tandem structure, reduces calculation errors, and provides a reliable basis for real-time monitoring.
Smart Images
Figure CN121994485B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing testing technology, and in particular to a calibration device and method for axial force calibration of a three-point contact ball bearing. Background Technology
[0002] Three-point contact ball bearings are rolling bearings capable of simultaneously bearing radial and bidirectional axial loads, and are widely used in mechanical equipment requiring high-precision rotary support. In critical equipment such as aero-engines and high-speed machine tool spindles, three-point contact ball bearings are often used in combination with other types of bearings to form simply supported beams or other support structures.
[0003] In practical engineering applications, the axial stress state of a three-point contact ball bearing directly affects the bearing's lifespan and the operational reliability of the equipment. However, in a simply supported beam structure with multiple bearings connected in series, when an axial load is applied to one end bearing, the load is transmitted to the other end bearing through the shaft system. But due to the supporting effect of the intermediate bearing and the friction between components, the axial force transmitted to the far-end bearing is difficult to determine directly.
[0004] In existing technologies, finite element simulation or indirect calculation methods based on deformation compatibility are commonly used to estimate the stress on the far-end bearing. However, these methods suffer from large calculation errors and the inability to monitor in real time. Some technical solutions indirectly measure the stress by attaching strain gauges to the bearing housing or shaft, but the calibration process is complex and the measurement accuracy is greatly affected by the installation position.
[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a calibration device and method that can directly measure the axial force of a three-point contact ball bearing in a multi-bearing tandem structure. Summary of the Invention
[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a calibration device and method for axial force of a three-point contact ball bearing, so as to solve the technical problem that the axial force of the distal three-point contact ball bearing is difficult to directly measure and calibrate in the case of a multi-bearing series simply supported beam structure in the prior art.
[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a three-point contact ball bearing axial force calibration device, comprising a control unit, a housing, and a main shaft disposed within the housing. A first three-point contact ball bearing and a second three-point contact ball bearing are respectively sleeved near both ends of the main shaft. An intermediate bearing assembly is also sleeved on the outside of the main shaft, located between the first and second three-point contact ball bearings. A radial loading device for applying radial load to the intermediate bearing assembly is also provided within the housing. A thrust sleeve that slides with the housing is provided on the outside of the first three-point contact ball bearing. The second three-point contact ball bearing slides with the housing. A transition sleeve that abuts against the second three-point contact ball bearing is slidably disposed within the housing. An axial loading device for applying axial force to the thrust sleeve is also provided on the outside of the housing. A first pressure sensor is provided between the axial loading device and the thrust sleeve. A limiting member is also provided on the outside of the housing. A second pressure sensor is provided between the transition sleeve and the limiting member. The control unit is connected to the axial loading device, the radial loading device, the first pressure sensor, and the second pressure sensor, respectively.
[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the axial loading device includes an axial support seat connected to the housing, an axial loading cylinder disposed on the axial support seat, and a cylinder transition sleeve disposed at the end of the piston rod of the axial loading cylinder. A first pressure sensor is disposed at the end of the cylinder transition sleeve, and the end of the first pressure sensor is provided with an axial loading rod that abuts against the thrust sleeve.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment, one end of the main shaft is provided with a first threaded section, and a first locking nut that abuts against the inner ring of the first three-point contact ball bearing is threaded onto the first threaded section. The flange of the outer ring of the first three-point contact ball bearing is connected to the thrust sleeve by a screw.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the housing is provided with a first support seat, and the first support seat has a first guide channel that slides with the thrust sleeve.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the radial loading device includes a radial support seat, a radial loading cylinder disposed on the radial support seat, and a radial loading rod disposed at the end of the piston rod of the radial loading cylinder.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the intermediate bearing assembly includes two cylindrical roller bearings sleeved on the main shaft. A loading sleeve is provided on the outer side of the two cylindrical roller bearings. A limiting groove that cooperates with the radial loading rod is provided on the outer side of the loading sleeve. An outer spacer is provided between the outer rings of the two cylindrical roller bearings. An inner spacer is provided between the inner rings of the two cylindrical roller bearings. An intermediate end cap is provided on each side of the loading sleeve. The intermediate end cap abuts against the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing on the same side. An intermediate spacer is sleeved on the main shaft. The intermediate spacer abuts against the inner ring of the opposite cylindrical roller bearing.
[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the main shaft is provided with an inner bushing on the outside, the second three-point contact ball bearing is sleeved on the outside of the inner bushing and its inner ring abuts against the intermediate spacer sleeve, the other end of the main shaft is provided with a second threaded section, the second threaded section is threaded with a second locking nut abutting against the inner bushing, the housing is provided with a second support seat, the second support seat has a second guide channel that slides with the second three-point contact ball bearing and the transition sleeve, the second support seat also has a relief groove communicating with the second guide channel, and there is a moving gap between the flange of the outer ring of the second three-point contact ball bearing and the relief groove.
[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the second pressure sensor is mounted on the transition sleeve, and the limiting component includes a limiting plate that abuts against the second pressure sensor. The second support base is provided with a plurality of adjusting screws that slide through the limiting plate, and the adjusting screws are threaded with limiting nuts that abut against the outer side of the limiting plate.
[0015] This application also provides a method for calibrating the axial force of a three-point contact ball bearing, using the aforementioned three-point contact ball bearing axial force calibration device, including the following steps:
[0016] S1. The control unit controls the radial loading device to apply radial load to the intermediate bearing assembly and resets the values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor to zero.
[0017] S2. The control unit controls the axial loading device to apply different axial loads to the thrust sleeve. It obtains multiple initial loads F1 under different axial loads through the first pressure sensor and multiple final loads F2 under different axial loads through the second pressure sensor.
[0018] S3. Based on multiple starting loads F1 and multiple ending loads F2, establish a correspondence model between starting load F1 and ending load F2 to complete the calibration of the axial force of the three-point contact ball bearing.
[0019] Furthermore, the corresponding relationship model is a linear regression model: F2 = k·F1 + b, where k is the slope and b is the intercept.
[0020] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. By setting a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor, this application can obtain the axial loading force of the axial loading cylinder on the first three-point contact ball bearing on the left and the axial force transmitted to the second three-point contact ball bearing, respectively. Through the cooperation of the control unit, the axial loading cylinder and the radial loading cylinder, the direct measurement and calibration of the axial force transmitted to the far-end three-point contact ball bearing in the multi-bearing series structure is realized.
[0021] 2. In this application, the outer ring of the second and third point contact ball bearing has a moving gap between the flange and the clearance groove, and the transition sleeve and the second support seat slide together, which ensures that the second and third point contact ball bearing can move freely and avoids jamming.
[0022] 3. This application controls the axial loading cylinder to apply different axial loads through the control unit, and collects multiple starting loads and multiple ending loads through the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor respectively, and establishes a linear regression model of the starting load and the ending load, thereby completing the calibration of the axial force of the three-point contact ball bearing, and providing a reliable calibration basis for the actual measurement of the axial force of the distal three-point contact ball bearing in a multi-bearing series simply supported beam structure.
[0023] 4. By setting cylindrical roller bearings, which only bear radial loads, this application ensures that the axial load applied on the left side can be transmitted to the second and third point contact ball bearings on the right side with almost no loss through the main shaft, thereby achieving direct and accurate calibration of the axial force. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axial loading device in this invention.
[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the thrust sleeve in this invention.
[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component in this invention.
[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the intermediate bearing assembly in this invention.
[0029] Illustration markings: 1. Axial loading cylinder, 2. Axial support seat, 3. Cylinder transition sleeve, 4. First pressure sensor, 5. Axial loading rod, 6. Radial loading rod, 7. Housing, 8. First support seat, 9. Thrust sleeve, 10. First locking nut, 11. First three-point contact ball bearing, 12. Main shaft, 13. Intermediate end cover, 14. Cylindrical roller bearing, 15. Loading sleeve, 16. Outer spacer, 17. Inner spacer, 18. Intermediate spacer, 19. Second three-point contact ball bearing, 20. Inner bushing, 21. Second locking nut, 22. Second support seat, 23. Adjusting screw, 24. Limiting plate, 25. Second pressure sensor, 26. Transition sleeve, 27. Axial loading device, 28. Intermediate bearing assembly. Detailed Implementation
[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0031] Please see Figure 1-5 This invention provides a three-point contact ball bearing axial force calibration device, including a control unit, a housing 7, and a main shaft 12 disposed within the housing 7. A first three-point contact ball bearing 11 and a second three-point contact ball bearing 19 are respectively sleeved near both ends of the main shaft 12. An intermediate bearing assembly 28 is also sleeved on the outside of the main shaft 12, located between the first three-point contact ball bearings 11 and the second three-point contact ball bearings 19. A radial loading device for applying radial load to the intermediate bearing assembly 28 is also provided within the housing 7. The outer side of the first three-point contact ball bearing 11 is provided with a sliding contact mechanism with the housing 7. The thrust sleeve 9 is dynamically fitted, and the second three-point contact ball bearing 19 is slidably fitted with the housing 7. A transition sleeve 26 is slidably provided inside the housing 7 to abut against the second three-point contact ball bearing 19. An axial loading device 27 for applying axial force to the thrust sleeve 9 is also provided on the outside of the housing 7. A first pressure sensor 4 is provided between the axial loading device 27 and the thrust sleeve 9. A limiting member is also provided on the outside of the housing 7. A second pressure sensor 25 is provided between the transition sleeve 26 and the limiting member. The control unit is connected to the axial loading device 27, the radial loading device, the first pressure sensor 4, and the second pressure sensor 25, respectively.
[0032] The axial loading device 27 includes an axial support 2 connected to the housing 7, an axial loading cylinder 1 mounted on the axial support 2, and a cylinder transition sleeve 3 mounted on the piston rod end of the axial loading cylinder 1. A first pressure sensor 4 is mounted on the end of the cylinder transition sleeve 3, and the end of the first pressure sensor 4 has an axial loading rod 5 that abuts against the thrust sleeve 9. The thrust sleeve 9 has a first closed end facing outward, and the axial loading rod 5 abuts against the first closed end.
[0033] Specifically, one end of the main shaft 12 is provided with a first threaded section, on which a first locking nut 10 is threadedly connected to a first locking nut 10 that abuts against the inner ring of the first three-point contact ball bearing 11. The first locking nut 10 is used to press and position the inner ring of the first three-point contact ball bearing 11. The flange of the outer ring of the first three-point contact ball bearing 11 is connected to the thrust sleeve 9 by screws. The inner ring of the first three-point contact ball bearing 11 is interference-fitted with the main shaft 12, while the thrust sleeve 9 is clearance-fitted with the first three-point contact ball bearing 11.
[0034] The housing 7 is provided with a first support seat 8, and the first support seat 8 has a first guide channel that slides with the thrust sleeve 9. The radial loading device includes a radial support seat, a radial loading cylinder disposed on the radial support seat, and a radial loading rod 6 disposed at the end of the piston rod of the radial loading cylinder.
[0035] More specifically, the intermediate bearing assembly 28 includes two cylindrical roller bearings 14 sleeved on the main shaft 12. The inner rings of the cylindrical roller bearings 14 are interference-fitted with the main shaft 12. Loading sleeves 15 are provided on the outer sides of the two cylindrical roller bearings 14, and the loading sleeves 15 are clearance-fitted with the cylindrical roller bearings 14. A limiting groove is provided on the outer side of the loading sleeve 15 to cooperate with the radial loading rod 6. The limiting groove has a V-shaped cross-section to prevent the loading sleeve 15 from rotating with the main shaft 12. An outer spacer 16 is provided between the outer rings of the two cylindrical roller bearings 14, and an inner spacer 17 is provided between the inner rings of the two cylindrical roller bearings 14. The inner spacer 17 and the outer spacer 16 are respectively positioned between the inner and outer rings of the two cylindrical roller bearings 14 for positioning. The loading sleeve 15 has intermediate end caps 13 on both sides, which abut against the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing 14 on the same side. The two intermediate end caps 13 are fixed to both ends of the loading sleeve 15 by bolts, which axially press the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing 14. The main shaft 12 is fitted with an intermediate spacer sleeve 18, which abuts against the inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing 14 on the opposite side.
[0036] An inner bushing 20 is provided on the outer side of the main shaft 12, and the inner bushing 20 is interference-fitted with the main shaft 12. A second three-point contact ball bearing 19 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner bushing 20, and its inner ring abuts against the intermediate spacer 18. The inner ring of the second three-point contact ball bearing 19 is interference-fitted with the inner bushing 20. A second threaded section is provided on the other end of the main shaft 12, and a second locking nut 21 is threadedly connected to the second threaded section, which abuts against the inner bushing 20. The second locking nut 21 is used to press the inner ring of the second three-point contact ball bearing 19. A second support seat 22 is provided on the housing 7. The second support seat 22 has a second guide channel that slides with the second three-point contact ball bearing 19 and the transition sleeve 26. The second support seat 22 also has a relief groove communicating with the second guide channel. There is a movement gap between the flange of the outer ring of the second three-point contact ball bearing 19 and the relief groove to ensure that the outer ring of the second three-point contact ball bearing 19 can move axially. The movement gap is 0.8-1mm.
[0037] Furthermore, the left end face of the transition sleeve 26 abuts against the right end face of the outer ring of the second three-point contact ball bearing 19. The second pressure sensor 25 is mounted on the transition sleeve 26. The limiting component includes a limiting disc 24 that abuts against the second pressure sensor 25. The second support base 22 is provided with multiple adjusting screws 23 that slide through the limiting disc 24. The adjusting screws 23 are threaded with limiting nuts that abut against the outer side of the limiting disc 24. The transition sleeve 26 has a second closed end, and the second pressure sensor 25 is mounted on the second closed end of the transition sleeve 26 by bolts.
[0038] The control unit is electrically connected to the first pressure sensor 4, the second pressure sensor 25, the axial loading cylinder 1, and the radial loading cylinder, respectively.
[0039] This application also provides a method for calibrating the axial force of a three-point contact ball bearing, using the aforementioned three-point contact ball bearing axial force calibration device, comprising the following steps:
[0040] S1. The control unit controls the radial loading device to apply a radial load to the intermediate bearing assembly 28. The radial loading cylinder pushes the radial loading rod 6 to apply a radial load to the loading sleeve 15 and resets the values of the first pressure sensor 4 and the second pressure sensor 25 to zero.
[0041] S2. The control unit controls the axial loading device 27 to apply different axial loads to the thrust sleeve 9, and obtains multiple starting loads F1 under different axial loads through the first pressure sensor 4, and obtains multiple ending loads F2 under different axial loads through the second pressure sensor 25.
[0042] The force applied to the first three-point contact ball bearing 11 is transmitted through the inner ring of the first three-point contact ball bearing 11 to the main shaft 12, then through the main shaft 12 and the intermediate spacer 18 to the inner ring of the second three-point contact ball bearing 19, and finally through the rolling elements of the second three-point contact ball bearing 19 to its outer ring. The axial force on the outer ring of the second three-point contact ball bearing 19 is transmitted to the second pressure sensor 25 through the transition sleeve 26.
[0043] S3. Based on multiple initial loads F1 and multiple final loads F2, a linear fitting method is used to obtain the correspondence model between the initial load F1 and the final load F2, thus completing the calibration of the axial force of the three-point contact ball bearing. The correspondence model is a linear regression model: F2 = k·F1 + b, where k is the slope and b is the intercept.
[0044] In practical applications, by simply installing a force sensor at the corresponding position (the front end of the left three-point contact ball bearing) to measure the initial load F1, the axial force transmitted to the right three-point contact ball bearing can be directly calculated using the calibration model F2 = k·F1 + b.
[0045] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A device for calibrating the axial force of a three-point contact ball bearing, characterized in that, The device includes a control unit, a housing (7), and a main shaft (12) disposed within the housing (7). A first three-point contact ball bearing (11) and a second three-point contact ball bearing (19) are respectively fitted on the main shaft (12) near its two ends. An intermediate bearing assembly (28) is also fitted on the outside of the main shaft (12). The intermediate bearing assembly (28) is located between the first three-point contact ball bearing (11) and the second three-point contact ball bearing (19). A radial loading device for applying radial load to the intermediate bearing assembly (28) is also provided inside the housing (7). The first three-point contact ball bearing (11) is provided with a thrust sleeve (9) that slides with the housing (7) on the outside. The second three-point contact ball bearing (19) slides with the housing (7). The housing (7) is provided with a transition sleeve (26) that slides with the second three-point contact ball bearing (19) inside. The housing (7) is also provided with an axial loading device (27) for applying axial force to the thrust sleeve (9) on the outside. A first pressure sensor (4) is provided between the axial loading device (27) and the thrust sleeve (9). A limiting member is also provided on the outside of the housing (7). A second pressure sensor (25) is provided between the transition sleeve (26) and the limiting member. The control unit is connected to the axial loading device (27), the radial loading device, the first pressure sensor (4), and the second pressure sensor (25), respectively.
2. The axial force calibration device for a three-point contact ball bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial loading device (27) includes an axial support seat (2) connected to the housing (7), an axial loading cylinder (1) disposed on the axial support seat (2), and a cylinder transition sleeve (3) disposed at the end of the piston rod of the axial loading cylinder (1). A first pressure sensor (4) is disposed at the end of the cylinder transition sleeve (3), and the end of the first pressure sensor (4) is provided with an axial loading rod (5) that abuts against the thrust sleeve (9).
3. The axial force calibration device for a three-point contact ball bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the main shaft (12) is provided with a first threaded section, and a first locking nut (10) that abuts against the inner ring of the first three-point contact ball bearing (11) is threaded onto the first threaded section. The flange of the outer ring of the first three-point contact ball bearing (11) is connected to the thrust sleeve (9) by screws.
4. The axial force calibration device for a three-point contact ball bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The housing (7) is provided with a first support seat (8), and the first support seat (8) has a first guide channel that slides with the thrust sleeve (9).
5. The axial force calibration device for a three-point contact ball bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radial loading device includes a radial support seat, a radial loading cylinder mounted on the radial support seat, and a radial loading rod (6) mounted at the end of the piston rod of the radial loading cylinder.
6. The axial force calibration device for a three-point contact ball bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The intermediate bearing assembly (28) includes two cylindrical roller bearings (14) sleeved on the main shaft (12). A loading sleeve (15) is provided on the outer side of the two cylindrical roller bearings (14). A limiting groove that cooperates with the radial loading rod (6) is provided on the outer side of the loading sleeve (15). An outer spacer (16) is provided between the outer rings of the two cylindrical roller bearings (14). An inner spacer (17) is provided between the inner rings of the two cylindrical roller bearings (14). An intermediate end cap (13) is provided on both sides of the loading sleeve (15). The intermediate end cap (13) abuts against the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing (14) on the same side. An intermediate spacer (18) is sleeved on the main shaft (12). The intermediate spacer (18) abuts against the inner ring of the opposite cylindrical roller bearing (14).
7. The axial force calibration device for a three-point contact ball bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main shaft (12) is provided with an inner bushing (20) on the outside. The second three-point contact ball bearing (19) is sleeved on the outside of the inner bushing (20) and its inner ring abuts against the intermediate spacer (18). The other end of the main shaft (12) is provided with a second threaded section. The second threaded section is threaded with a second locking nut (21) that abuts against the inner bushing (20). The housing (7) is provided with a second support seat (22). The second support seat (22) has a second guide channel that slides with the second three-point contact ball bearing (19) and the transition sleeve (26). The second support seat (22) also has a relief groove that communicates with the second guide channel. There is a moving gap between the flange of the outer ring of the second three-point contact ball bearing (19) and the relief groove.
8. The axial force calibration device for a three-point contact ball bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second pressure sensor (25) is mounted on the transition sleeve (26). The limiting component includes a limiting plate (24) that abuts against the second pressure sensor (25). The second support base (22) is provided with multiple adjusting screws (23) that slide through the limiting plate (24). The adjusting screws (23) are threaded with limiting nuts that abut against the outside of the limiting plate (24).
9. A method for calibrating the axial force of a three-point contact ball bearing, comprising a three-point contact ball bearing axial force calibration device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The control unit controls the radial loading device to apply a radial load to the intermediate bearing assembly (28) and sets the values of the first pressure sensor (4) and the second pressure sensor (25) to zero. S2. The control unit controls the axial loading device (27) to apply different axial loads to the thrust sleeve (9), and obtains multiple starting loads F1 under different axial loads through the first pressure sensor (4), and obtains multiple ending loads F2 under different axial loads through the second pressure sensor (25). S3. Based on multiple starting loads F1 and multiple ending loads F2, establish a correspondence model between starting load F1 and ending load F2 to complete the calibration of the axial force of the three-point contact ball bearing.
10. A method for calibrating the axial force of a three-point contact ball bearing according to claim 9, characterized in that, The corresponding relationship model is a linear regression model: F2 = k·F1 + b, where k is the slope and b is the intercept.