An assembly fixture with anti-misassembly detection

Abstract

This invention relates to an assembly fixture with anti-misassembly detection, belonging to the field of tooling technology. It includes: a fixture base for positioning a part housing; a gripper frame with an adapter plate connected to an external mobile device; a gripping identification component connected to one end of the gripper frame facing the fixture base, which grips the part housing; a first elastic frame connected to one end of the fixture base facing the gripper frame; and a second elastic frame connected to one end of the gripper frame facing the fixture base. When the contact surface of the first elastic frame is not parallel to the contact surface of the second elastic frame, the first elastic frame elastically deforms until it is parallel to the contact surface of the second elastic frame. This invention solves the technical problem of gaps appearing on the assembly surface due to rigid positioning and clamping in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tooling technology, and specifically relates to an assembly fixture with anti-misassembly detection. Background Technology

[0002] Assembly fixtures are often used for mass assembly of parts. Although products are generally designed with anti-reverse structures, relying solely on manual labor to prevent misassembly during mass production results in a low error tolerance rate and does not meet the requirements of efficient and high-quality production.

[0003] Patent application number 201510610035.1 discloses a universal disc brake caliper housing anti-misalignment fixture, including an anti-misalignment positioning device, an elastic pre-clamping device, and a hydraulic linkage clamping device. The anti-misalignment positioning device comprises a pneumatic anti-misalignment device, an elastic plunger anti-misalignment device, and a lateral positioning device, respectively installed on a three-point positioning seat below the workpiece, left and right supports at the front end of the workpiece, and a positioning seat on the right side of the workpiece. It achieves positioning and misalignment prevention by detecting air pressure and the expansion and contraction of the elastic plunger. The elastic pre-clamping device is located on both sides of the workpiece, using a small elastic force to stabilize the workpiece for subsequent positioning and clamping. The four linkage hydraulic clamping devices are respectively installed on the top of the front and rear ends of the workpiece, the right side of the workpiece, and the front end face of the workpiece, used to prevent the workpiece from moving and warping, and to clamp it in the up-down, forward-backward, and left-right directions.

[0004] The existing technology has the following technical problems:

[0005] In the existing technology, the two products to be assembled are positioned and clamped with full rigidity, without any floating adaptation design. This causes the workpiece, especially the plastic workpiece, to be crushed or deformed by stress when it is not in parallel contact with the mounting surface and positioning surface of the fixture in order to maintain the clamping force, which in turn leads to gaps in the assembly surface. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides an assembly fixture with anti-misassembly detection, which can solve the technical problem of gaps appearing on the assembly surface caused by rigid positioning and clamping in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0008] This application provides an assembly fixture with anti-misassembly detection, including a fixture base for positioning part housings, and further comprising:

[0009] A gripper frame having an adapter plate for connecting to an external mobile device;

[0010] A clamping and identification component is connected to one end of the gripper frame facing the clamp base, and the clamping and identification component clamps the part cover;

[0011] A first elastic frame is connected to one end of the clamp base facing the gripper frame;

[0012] The second elastic frame is connected to the end of the gripper frame facing the fixture base;

[0013] When the contact surface of the first elastic frame is not parallel to the contact surface of the second elastic frame, the first elastic frame elastically deforms until it is parallel to the contact surface of the second elastic frame.

[0014] The above technical solution uses the elastic deformation of the elastic frame to align the part housing and part cover in parallel, avoiding gaps on the assembly surface caused by rigid positioning and clamping, and also avoiding the plastic workpiece being forcibly compressed and deformed, thus improving the assembly quality.

[0015] In this invention, the assembly fixture further includes:

[0016] A guide body is inserted through the side wall of the fixture base, and one end of the guide body that penetrates the fixture base abuts against the part housing;

[0017] An adjusting disc is threaded to one end of the guide body located outside the clamp base. The adjusting disc adjusts the length by which the guide body passes through the clamp base.

[0018] By using the above technical solution, the guide body is used to position the part housing, which can avoid excessive displacement of the part housing caused by excessive elastic frame deformation, and improve assembly accuracy.

[0019] In this invention, the assembly fixture further includes:

[0020] A ball bearing is tactilely connected to one end of the guide body facing the part housing, and the ball bearing makes tactile contact with the part housing.

[0021] The above technical solution uses ball bearings to reduce the friction between the guide body and the component housing, further reducing the deformation of the component housing caused by assembly.

[0022] In this invention, the clamping recognition component includes:

[0023] A connecting seat is connected in a ring shape to the side of the gripper frame facing the clamp base;

[0024] Several ejector pins are arranged in a ring around the connecting seat, with one end of each ejector pin abutting against the side of the part cover;

[0025] A driving component is connected to the connecting seat, and the driving component drives the ejector pin to move perpendicularly to the side of the part cover;

[0026] A grating ruler is connected to the outer wall of the ejector pin;

[0027] A reading head is connected to the connector and reads the data from the grating ruler.

[0028] By using the above technical solution, the displacement of the ejector pin when it contacts the part cover is identified, and the direction of the part cover is obtained, thus realizing the detection of misassembly before assembly and improving assembly efficiency.

[0029] In this invention, the aforementioned driving component is a telescopic cylinder.

[0030] Through the above technical solution, the use of telescopic cylinders can achieve rapid clamping response under low pressure, thereby improving the efficiency of assembly clamping and anti-misassembly detection.

[0031] In this invention, the assembly fixture further includes:

[0032] A screw box is connected to the fixture base. The screw box has an inclined surface and a screw-taking port. When the shank of a screw that meets the assembly length contacts the inclined surface, the nut of the screw that meets the assembly length extends out from the screw-taking port under the action of gravity and the inclined surface.

[0033] The above technical solution uses a screw box to select screws that meet the assembly length, reducing the chance of misassembly when the wrong length is selected during manual screw loading.

[0034] In this invention, the assembly fixture further includes:

[0035] Multiple lifting rings are threadedly connected to the opposite or four corners of the clamp base.

[0036] The above technical solution uses lifting rings to improve the ease of transferring assembly fixtures.

[0037] This application has at least the following improvements:

[0038] 1. The elastic deformation of the elastic frame is used to align the part housing and part cover in parallel, avoiding gaps on the assembly surface caused by rigid positioning and clamping, and also avoiding the plastic workpiece being forcibly compressed and deformed, thus improving the assembly quality.

[0039] 2. Use a screw box to select screws that match the assembly length, reducing the chance of misassembly when screws are picked at the wrong length during manual loading. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1An isometric drawing of an assembly fixture with anti-misassembly detection provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 A front view of an assembly fixture with anti-misassembly detection provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view at point AA;

[0044] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of section B in the image;

[0045] Figure 5 A top view of an assembly fixture with anti-misassembly detection provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the screw box at point CC;

[0047] Figure 7 A top view of the screw box provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the collaborative mechanism between an assembly fixture with anti-misassembly detection and a robotic arm in the working state, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Icons: 1-Clamp base; 101-Lifting ring; 102-First elastic frame; 103-Guide body; 1031-Adjusting disc; 1032-Ball bearing; 2-Grip frame; 201-Adapter plate; 202-Second elastic frame; 3-Clamping identification component; 301-Connecting seat; 302-Telescopic cylinder; 303-Ejector pin; 304-Graphite ruler; 305-Reading head; 4-Screw box; 401-Nut channel; 402-Screw channel; 403-Bevel; 404-Screw removal port; 501-Part housing; 502-Part cover; 503-Anti-reverse recess. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0052] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0053] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to welding, bolting, or riveting; they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0054] Example:

[0055] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 , Figures 1 to 8 The image shown is an embodiment of this application.

[0056] This embodiment provides an assembly fixture with anti-misassembly detection, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the fixture base 1 includes a fixture for positioning the housing 501 of the part, and further includes:

[0057] The gripper 2 has an adapter plate 201, such as Figure 8 As shown, the adapter plate 201 connects to an external mobile device, exemplarily a robotic arm, which moves and rotates the gripper 2.

[0058] The clamping and identification component 3 is connected to one end of the gripper 2 facing the clamp base 1, and the clamping and identification component 3 clamps the part cover 502;

[0059] The first elastic frame 102 is connected to the end of the clamp base 1 facing the gripper 2. High modulus polyurethane is selected for example to balance rigidity and deformation, but the specific parameters are adapted to the product.

[0060] The second elastic frame 202 is connected to the end of the gripper 2 facing the clamp base 1. For example, the modulus of the second elastic frame 202 is greater than that of the first elastic frame 102. The purpose is to make the deformation of the second elastic frame 202 less than that of the first elastic frame 102, so that the first elastic frame 102 is forced to deform first. The purpose is to avoid large relative displacement between the part cover 502 and the clamping identification component 3.

[0061] When the contact surface of the first elastic frame 102 is not parallel to the contact surface of the second elastic frame 202, the first elastic frame 102 elastically deforms until it is parallel to the contact surface of the second elastic frame 202.

[0062] It should be noted that the main body protected in this embodiment is the assembly fixture, while devices such as robotic arms, air sources, data processing devices, and parts conveying devices are not within the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art can make adaptive connections based on commonly used technical means in the field, so they will not be further limited or described in detail here.

[0063] In use, for example, the part housing 501 is loaded into the fixture base 1 by a robotic arm or manually. Then, the gripper 2 picks up the pre-placed part cover 502 from another conveyor belt or storage pile. After the part cover 502 is clamped by the clamping and identification component 3, anti-reverse identification is performed. Then, the robotic arm rotates to make the part cover 502 correctly installed above the part housing 501, and slightly presses it downwards to make the contact surfaces of the part housing 501 and the part cover 502 parallel and fit together. Then, for example, as shown... Figure 8 As shown, another robotic arm is used to install a screw gun to fasten the screws to the part cover 502 and the part housing 501, thus completing the installation.

[0064] The above technical solution uses the elastic deformation of the elastic frame to align the part housing 501 and the part cover 502 in parallel, avoiding gaps in the assembly surface caused by rigid positioning and clamping, and also avoiding the plastic workpiece being forcibly compressed and deformed, thus improving the assembly quality.

[0065] As a preferred implementation method, such as Figure 3 As shown, the above assembly fixture also includes:

[0066] The guide body 103 is inserted through the side wall of the fixture base 1, and one end of the guide body 103 inserted into the fixture base 1 abuts against the part housing 501.

[0067] Adjustment disc 1031 is threaded to one end of guide body 103 located outside clamp base 1. Adjustment disc 1031 adjusts the length of guide body 103 inserted into clamp base 1.

[0068] In use, the guide body 103 abuts against the middle position of the side wall of the part housing 501. When the first elastic frame 102 deforms, the part housing 501 rotates slightly with the contact position of the guide body 103 as the rotation reference point, thereby ensuring that the contact surfaces of the part housing 501 and the part cover 502 are parallel.

[0069] By using the above technical solution, the guide body 103 is used to position the part housing 501, which can avoid the excessive displacement of the part housing 501 caused by the excessive deformation of the elastic frame, and improve the assembly accuracy.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, the assembly fixture further includes:

[0071] The ball bearing 1032 is tactilely connected to one end of the guide body 103 facing the part housing 501, and the ball bearing 1032 makes tactile contact with the part housing 501.

[0072] For example, the structure of the ball bearing 1032 and the guide body 103 adopts a structure similar to that of a ballpoint pen tip, which can be scaled up proportionally according to the prior art.

[0073] The above technical solution uses ball bearings 1032 to reduce the friction between the guide body 103 and the part housing 501, thereby further reducing the deformation of the part housing 501 caused by assembly.

[0074] As a preferred implementation method, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the clamping recognition component 3 includes:

[0075] The connecting seat 301 is connected in a ring shape to the side of the gripper 2 facing the clamp base 1. Whether it is a circular ring or a rectangular ring can be adapted to the corresponding product.

[0076] Several ejector pins 303 are arranged in a ring around the connecting seat 301, with one end of the ejector pin 303 abutting against the side of the part cover 502;

[0077] The driving component is connected to the connecting seat 301. The driving component drives the ejector pin 303 to move vertically to the side of the part cover 502. It should be noted that the power source of the driving component is supplied by a robot arm after being connected. For example, the power input is provided by the air pipe of the robot arm. Its specific input and output are not part of the assembly fixture. Only the driving component itself belongs to the assembly fixture.

[0078] The grating ruler 304 is connected to the outer wall of the ejector pin 303;

[0079] The reading head 305 is connected to the connector 301 and reads the data from the grating ruler 304.

[0080] When using, such as Figure 5 As shown, the drive unit synchronously drives all ejector pins 303 to extend towards the part cover 502, thereby completing the concentric positioning of the part cover 502 relative to the gripper 2. Then, the ejector pins 303 located at the anti-reverse recess 503 continue to extend inward. The different extension amounts of the ejector pins 303 are identified by the reading head 305, thereby determining the location of the anti-reverse recess 503. Then, the robot arm rotates to ensure that the part cover 502 is in the correct assembly direction.

[0081] It should be noted that the anti-reverse recess 503 is a pre-designed anti-reverse structure in the product design stage. In this embodiment, an anti-reverse recess is used to avoid the screw installation position. When the second elastic frame 202 is pressing down on the part cover 502, the ejector pin 303 retracts to clear the screw installation hole before the screw is installed. This avoids the ejector pin 303 being designed at the protruding position on the side wall of the part cover 502, and prevents the ejector pin 303 from pushing the part cover 502 off-center during synchronous clamping. The synchronous control of the ejector pin 303 and the drive component is achieved through PLC control. However, the specific information processing part is not a component of the assembly fixture, so it is not described or specifically limited here. Those skilled in the art can implement the function of the control system through textbooks, technical manuals, technical dictionaries or by directly purchasing finished products.

[0082] Through the above technical solution, the displacement of the ejector pin 303 when it contacts the part cover 502 is identified by the grating ruler 304, and the direction of the part cover 502 is obtained, realizing the detection of misassembly before assembly and improving the assembly efficiency.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, the aforementioned driving component is a telescopic cylinder 302.

[0084] It should be noted that the cover 502 is a plastic part, so it does not require a strong lateral clamping force.

[0085] Through the above technical solution, the telescopic cylinder 302 can achieve rapid clamping response under low pressure, thereby improving the efficiency of assembly clamping and anti-misassembly detection.

[0086] As a preferred implementation method, such as Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the above assembly fixture also includes:

[0087] Screw box 4 is connected to clamp base 1. Screw box 4 has inclined surface 403 and screw removal port 404. When the screw of a screw that meets the assembly length contacts the inclined surface 403, the nut of the screw that meets the assembly length extends out from the screw removal port 404 under the action of gravity and inclined surface 403.

[0088] When using, such as Figure 6 As shown, a pre-filled screw is inserted into the screw box 4. The nut is located in the nut channel 401, and the screw is located in the screw channel 402. If a screw of the same diameter but shorter in length is present, for example, an M10*35 screw is designed, but due to human error, an M10*30 screw is inserted instead, then because the nut can only be in the nut channel 401, the screw portion of the M10*30 screw cannot contact the inclined surface 403, and therefore cannot be pushed forward along the inclined surface 403 to the screw removal port 404. The screw of the correct length, under the pressure of the inclined surface 403 and the screw above, as well as its own weight, will... Figure 7As shown, the nut moves forward, eventually reaching the nail extraction port 404. Figure 8 The screw gun installed by the robotic arm uses a magnetic hexagonal inserter to pull out the screw for fastening. However, short screws cannot be removed for installation because they do not move outward or the displacement is insufficient and cannot reach the position where the hexagonal magnet can pick them up.

[0089] It should be noted that, to prevent the screw from tilting downwards and sliding directly out of the nail-removing hole 404 under the action of the inclined surface 403, a baffle is installed above the nail-removing hole 404. Furthermore, due to the continuous downward pressure of the screw above and the limiting effect of the nut channel 401, the screw can only slide downwards... Figure 6 The arrangement shown makes it difficult for the screw to tilt. The downward pressure of the nut counteracts the downward sag of the screw due to its own weight. When filling the screws, you can first insert a screw into the screw removal port 404 to seal it, and then fill the screws in batches from the top.

[0090] The above technical solution uses a screw box 4 to screen screws that meet the assembly length, reducing the chance of misassembly when the wrong length is selected during manual screw loading.

[0091] As a preferred implementation method, such as Figure 1 As shown, the above assembly fixture also includes:

[0092] Multiple lifting rings 101 are threadedly connected to the opposite or four corners of the clamp base 1.

[0093] The above technical solution improves the ease of transferring assembly fixtures by using lifting ring 101.

[0094] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope described in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An assembly fixture with anti-misassembly detection, comprising a fixture base (1) for positioning a part housing (501), characterized in that, Also includes: The gripper (2) has an adapter plate (201) for connecting to an external mobile device; A clamping and identification component (3) is connected to one end of the gripper frame (2) facing the clamp base (1). The clamping and identification component (3) clamps the part cover (502). The clamping and identification component (3) includes: The connecting seat (301) is connected in a ring to the side of the gripper (2) facing the clamp base (1); A plurality of ejector pins (303) are arranged in a ring around the connecting seat (301), and one end of the ejector pins (303) abuts against the side of the part cover (502); A driving component is connected to the connecting seat (301), and the driving component drives the ejector pin (303) to move perpendicularly to the side of the part cover (502); A grating ruler (304) is connected to the outer wall of the ejector pin (303); A reading head (305) is connected to the connector (301), and the reading head (305) reads the data of the grating ruler (304); The first elastic frame (102) is connected to one end of the clamp base (1) facing the gripper (2); The second elastic frame (202) is connected to one end of the gripper (2) facing the clamp base (1); When the contact surface of the first elastic frame (102) is not parallel to the contact surface of the second elastic frame (202), the first elastic frame (102) elastically deforms to be parallel to the contact surface of the second elastic frame (202); A guide body (103) is inserted through the side wall of the fixture base (1), and one end of the guide body (103) inserted into the fixture base (1) abuts against the part housing (501); An adjusting disc (1031) is threaded to one end of the guide body (103) located outside the clamp base (1). The adjusting disc (1031) adjusts the length of the guide body (103) inserted into the clamp base (1).

2. The assembly fixture with anti-misassembly detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A ball bearing (1032) is tactilely connected to one end of the guide body (103) facing the part housing (501), and the ball bearing (1032) makes tactile contact with the part housing (501).

3. The assembly fixture with anti-misassembly detection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving component is a telescopic cylinder (302).

4. The assembly fixture with anti-misassembly detection according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Also includes: A screw box (4) is connected to the clamp base (1). The screw box (4) has a ramp (403) and a nail-removing port (404). When the screw of a screw that meets the assembly length contacts the ramp (403), the nut of the screw that meets the assembly length extends out from the nail-removing port (404) under the action of gravity and the ramp (403).

5. The assembly fixture with anti-misassembly detection according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple lifting rings (101) are threaded to the opposite or four corners of the clamp base (1).

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